1
|
Zhang H, Wang J, Li C, Zhao D, Liang T, Li Y. Green synthesis and antitumor activity of ( E)-diethyl 2-styrylquinoline-3,4-dicarboxylates. RSC Adv 2024; 14:26820-26828. [PMID: 39184002 PMCID: PMC11342672 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra04588b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In this work, a green, efficient and catalyst-free synthesis of a series of structurally novel (E)-diethyl 2-styrylquinoline-3,4-dicarboxylates via a direct olefination reaction between diethyl 2-methylquinoline-3,4-dicarboxylate and various aromatic aldehydes was successfully accomplished by employing eco-friendly 1,3-dimethylurea/l-(+)-tartaric acid (DMU/LTA) as an inexpensive, non-toxic and reusable reaction medium. This methodology has the attractive advantages of mild reaction conditions, simple experimental operation, and the absence of any dangerous catalysts or unsafe volatile organic solvents, with satisfactory to good yields. Subsequently, a primary in vitro evaluation for their anti-proliferative activity against human cancer cell lines A549, HT29 and T24 revealed that the compound with the 3,4,5-trimethoxystyryl moiety exhibited potent anti-tumor activity with IC50 values of 2.38, 4.52 and 9.86 μmol L-1, respectively, thereby being equipotent or even better than the reference cisplatin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Bohai University No. 19, Keji Street Jinzhou P. R. China
| | - Jianyuan Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Fushun Teacher's College No. 103, Wenhua Street Fushun P. R. China
| | - Cheng Li
- Liaoyang Ecological Environment Monitoring Center Liaoyang P. R. China
| | - Di Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Bohai University No. 19, Keji Street Jinzhou P. R. China
| | - Tianyu Liang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Bohai University No. 19, Keji Street Jinzhou P. R. China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Bohai University No. 19, Keji Street Jinzhou P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chernykh AV, Vashchenko BV, Shishkina SV, Volochnyuk DM, Grygorenko OO. 3-Substituted 6-Azabicyclo[3.1.1]heptanes: Nonclassical Piperidine Isosteres for Drug Discovery. J Org Chem 2024; 89:10440-10450. [PMID: 38989992 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Advanced analogs of piperidine and smaller homologues of tropane─3-substituted 6-azabicyclo[3.1.1]heptanes─were synthesized on a large scale using readily available bulk reagents. The key step of the approach involved the double alkylation reaction of malonate with cis-2,4-bis(mesyloxymethyl)azetidine-1-carboxylate, in turn easily prepared on up to 1 kg scale. After hydrolysis, N-Boc-6-azabicyclo[3.1.1]heptane-3,3-dicarboxylic acid was obtained (up to 400 g in a single run), which was used as a common intermediate for the preparation of all the title building blocks. In particular, Pb(OAc)4-mediated oxidative decarboxylation of this intermediate gave 2,6-methanopiperidone derivative (up to 400 g scale), while monodecarboxylation gave N-Boc-6-azabicyclo[3.1.1]heptane-3-carboxylic acids as an easily separatable mixture of cis and trans diastereomers (up to 100 g scale). Further functional group transformations gave diastereopure cis- and trans-N-Boc-monoprotected diamines and amino alcohols. Molecular structure analysis using exit vector parameters (EVP) revealed that cis isomers of 3-substituted 6-azabicyclo[3.1.1]heptanes are three-dimensional analogs of common 1,4-disubstituted piperidine chair conformer, whereas trans isomers can be considered as unusual "boat" piperidines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anton V Chernykh
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Winston Churchill Street 78, Kyiv 02094, Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Akademika Kuharya Street 5, Kyiv 02094, Ukraine
| | - Bohdan V Vashchenko
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Winston Churchill Street 78, Kyiv 02094, Ukraine
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Akademika Kuharya Street 5, Kyiv 02094, Ukraine
| | - Svitlana V Shishkina
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
- SSI "Institute for Single Crystals" of the NAS of Ukraine, Nauky Avenue 60, Kharkiv 61001, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro M Volochnyuk
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Winston Churchill Street 78, Kyiv 02094, Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Akademika Kuharya Street 5, Kyiv 02094, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr O Grygorenko
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Winston Churchill Street 78, Kyiv 02094, Ukraine
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Akademika Kuharya Street 5, Kyiv 02094, Ukraine
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rabeh N, Hajjar B, Maraka JO, Sammanasunathan AF, Khan M, Alkhaaldi SMI, Mansour S, Almheiri RT, Hamdan H, Abd-Elrahman KS. Targeting mGluR group III for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115733. [PMID: 37862967 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutamate, an excitatory neurotransmitter, is essential for neuronal function, and it acts on ionotropic or metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs). A disturbance in glutamatergic signaling is a hallmark of many neurodegenerative diseases. Developing disease-modifying treatments for neurodegenerative diseases targeting glutamate receptors is a promising avenue. The understudied group III mGluR 4, 6-8 are commonly found in the presynaptic membrane, and their activation inhibits glutamate release. Thus, targeted mGluRs therapies could aid in treating neurodegenerative diseases. This review describes group III mGluRs and their pharmacological ligands in the context of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and Huntington's diseases. Attempts to evaluate the efficacy of these drugs in clinical trials are also discussed. Despite a growing list of group III mGluR-specific pharmacological ligands, research on the use of these drugs in neurodegenerative diseases is limited, except for Parkinson's disease. Future efforts should focus on delineating the contribution of group III mGluR to neurodegeneration and developing novel ligands with superior efficacy and a favorable side effect profile for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Rabeh
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates; Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, and Djavad Mowafaghian Center for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Baraa Hajjar
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jude O Maraka
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ashwin F Sammanasunathan
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammed Khan
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saif M I Alkhaaldi
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Samy Mansour
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rashed T Almheiri
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hamdan Hamdan
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates; Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center (HEIC), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khaled S Abd-Elrahman
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, and Djavad Mowafaghian Center for Brain Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Science, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lei X, Hofmann CS, Rodriguez AL, Niswender CM. Differential Activity of Orthosteric Agonists and Allosteric Modulators at Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 7. Mol Pharmacol 2023; 104:17-27. [PMID: 37105671 PMCID: PMC10289241 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.123.000678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 (mGlu7) is a G protein coupled receptor that has demonstrated promise as a therapeutic target across a number of neurologic and psychiatric diseases. Compounds that modulate the activity of mGlu7, such as positive and negative allosteric modulators, may represent new therapeutic strategies to modulate receptor activity. The endogenous neurotransmitter associated with the mGlu receptor family, glutamate, exhibits low efficacy and potency in activating mGlu7, and surrogate agonists, such as the compound L-(+)-2-Amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid (L-AP4), are often used for receptor activation and compound profiling. To understand the implications of the use of such agonists in the development of positive allosteric modulators (PAMs), we performed a systematic evaluation of receptor activation using a system in which mutations can be made in either protomer of the mGlu7 dimer; we employed mutations that prevent interaction with the orthosteric site as well as the G-protein coupling site of the receptor. We then measured increases in calcium levels downstream of a promiscuous G protein to assess the effects of mutations in one of the two protomers in the presence of two different agonists and three positive allosteric modulators. Our results reveal that distinct PAMs, for example N-[3-Chloro-4-[(5-chloro-2-pyridinyl)oxy]phenyl]-2-pyridinecarboxamide (VU0422288) and 3-(2,3-Difluoro-4-methoxyphenyl)-2,5-dimethyl-7-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine (VU6005649), do exhibit different maximal levels of potentiation with L-AP4 versus glutamate, but there appear to be common stable receptor conformations that are shared among all of the compounds examined here. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This manuscript describes the systematic evaluation of the mGlu7 agonists glutamate and L-(+)-2-Amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid (L-AP4) in the presence and absence of three distinct potentiators examining possible mechanistic differences. These findings demonstrate that mGlu7 potentiators display subtle variances in response to glutamate versus L-AP4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xia Lei
- Department of Pharmacology (X.L., C.S.H., A.L.R., C.M.N.), Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery (X.L., A.L.R., C.M.N.), Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology (C.M.N.), and Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennesee (C.M.N.); and Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (C.M.N.)
| | - Christopher S Hofmann
- Department of Pharmacology (X.L., C.S.H., A.L.R., C.M.N.), Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery (X.L., A.L.R., C.M.N.), Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology (C.M.N.), and Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennesee (C.M.N.); and Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (C.M.N.)
| | - Alice L Rodriguez
- Department of Pharmacology (X.L., C.S.H., A.L.R., C.M.N.), Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery (X.L., A.L.R., C.M.N.), Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology (C.M.N.), and Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennesee (C.M.N.); and Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (C.M.N.)
| | - Colleen M Niswender
- Department of Pharmacology (X.L., C.S.H., A.L.R., C.M.N.), Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery (X.L., A.L.R., C.M.N.), Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology (C.M.N.), and Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennesee (C.M.N.); and Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (C.M.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kalbfleisch JJ, Rodriguez AL, Lei X, Weiss K, Blobaum AL, Boutaud O, Niswender CM, Lindsley CW. Persistent challenges in the development of an mGlu 7 PAM in vivo tool compound: The discovery of VU6046980. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023; 80:129106. [PMID: 36528230 PMCID: PMC10201562 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.129106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report on the further chemical optimization of the first reported mGlu7 positive allosteric modulator (PAM), VU6027459. Replacement of the quinoline core by a cinnoline scaffold increased mGlu7 PAM potency by ∼ 10-fold, and concomitant introduction of a chiral tricyclic motif led to potent mGlu7 PAMs with enantioselective mGlu receptor selectivity profiles. Of these, VU6046980 emerged as a putative in vivo tool compound with excellent CNS penetration (Kp = 4.1; Kp,uu = 0.7) and efficacy in preclinical models. However, either off-target activity at the sigma-1 receptor or activity at a target not elucidated by large ancillary pharmacology panels led to sedation not driven by activation of mGlu7 (validated in Grm7 knockout mice). Thus, despite a significant advance, a viable mGlu7 PAM in vivo tool remains elusive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob J Kalbfleisch
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Alice L Rodriguez
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Xia Lei
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kelly Weiss
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Annie L Blobaum
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Olivier Boutaud
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Colleen M Niswender
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Meanwell NA, Loiseleur O. Applications of Isosteres of Piperazine in the Design of Biologically Active Compounds: Part 2. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:10972-11004. [PMID: 35675052 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Applications of piperazine and homopiperazine in drug design are well-established, and these heterocycles have found use as both scaffolding and terminal elements and also as a means of introducing a water-solubilizing element into a molecule. In the accompanying review (10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00726), we summarized applications of piperazine and homopiperazine and their fused ring homologues in bioactive compound design along with illustrations of the use of 4-substituted piperidines and a sulfoximine-based mimetic. In this review, we discuss applications of pyrrolidine- and fused-pyrrolidine-based mimetics of piperazine and homopiperazine and illustrate derivatives of azetidine that include stretched and spirocyclic motifs, along with applications of a series of diaminocycloalkanes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Meanwell
- Small Molecule Drug Discovery, Bristol Myers Squibb Research and Early Development, Post Office Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States
| | - Olivier Loiseleur
- Syngenta Crop Protection Research, Schaffhauserstrasse, CH-4332 Stein, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Reed CW, Kalbfleisch JJ, Wong MJ, Washecheck JP, Hunter A, Rodriguez AL, Blobaum AL, Conn PJ, Niswender CM, Lindsley CW. Discovery of VU6027459: A First-in-Class Selective and CNS Penetrant mGlu 7 Positive Allosteric Modulator Tool Compound. ACS Med Chem Lett 2020; 11:1773-1779. [PMID: 32944146 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.0c00432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report the discovery of the first selective and CNS penetrant mGlu7 PAM (VU6027459) derived from a "molecular switch" within a selective mGlu7 NAM chemotype. VU6027459 displayed CNS penetration in both mice (Kp = 2.74) and rats (Kp= 4.78), it was orally bioavailable in rats (%F = 69.5), and undesired activity at DAT was ablated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carson W Reed
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Jacob J Kalbfleisch
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Madison J Wong
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Jordan P Washecheck
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Ashton Hunter
- Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Alice L Rodriguez
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States.,Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Anna L Blobaum
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States.,Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - P Jeffrey Conn
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States.,Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States.,Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Colleen M Niswender
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States.,Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States.,Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Craig W Lindsley
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States.,Warren Center for Neuroscience Drug Discovery, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| |
Collapse
|