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Cai J, Du L, Yu J, Yang X, Chen X, Xu X, Zhang X. Body image and social anxiety in hemifacial spasm: Examining self-esteem and fear of negative evaluation as mediators. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2024; 245:108516. [PMID: 39180814 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2024.108516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals diagnosed with hemifacial spasm (HFS) frequently undergo noticeable alterations in their facial appearance. Such changes can detrimentally influence both their physical and psychological well-being. While prior studies have identified self-esteem and fear of negative evaluation (FNE) as key elements in social anxiety, their role in studies concerning body image and its correlation with social anxiety has been seldom explored. This research seeks to explore how self-esteem and FNE concurrently mediate the relationship between body image and social anxiety among Chinese individuals with HFS. METHODS Chinese patients with HFS (n=151) completed a cross-sectional questionnaire on the first day of admission that assessed body image, social anxiety, self-esteem, and FNE over the past week. Path analysis was used to test the hypothesis of the mediation model. RESULTS The hypothesized model showed that FNE was positively correlated with body image and social anxiety, while negative associations were found among body image, self-esteem and social anxiety. Self-esteem and FNE play a mediating role between body image and social anxiety. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that self-esteem and FNE may be important psychological pathways that affect body image and social anxiety in Chinese patients with HFS. Supplementing mental health services that help increase self-esteem and reduce FNE should be considered to improve the psychological quality of patients with HFS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cai
- Department of Nursing, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20th Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, China; School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Nantong University, 19th Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Linjing Du
- Department of Nursing, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20th Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, China; School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Nantong University, 19th Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Jiahui Yu
- Department of Nursing, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20th Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, China; School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Nantong University, 19th Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Xueni Yang
- Department of Nursing, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20th Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, China; School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Nantong University, 19th Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Department of Nursing, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20th Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, China; School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Nantong University, 19th Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Xiuqun Xu
- Department of Nursing, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20th Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 20th Xisi Road, Nantong 226001, China.
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Li Y, Fan Y, Lin J, Shi S. Does how individuals handle social situations exacerbate the relationship between physique anxiety and food addiction? The role of emotional expressive suppression and social avoidance and distress. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17910. [PMID: 39161967 PMCID: PMC11332389 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Research on food addiction has increased significantly in recent years. It has been demonstrated that food addiction can lead to impairments in physiological, psychological, and social functioning in individuals. However, there is a lack of studies investigating the influence of how individuals handle social situations on food addiction and the specific mechanisms involved. Method A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 1,151 university students, with a mean age of 21.44 (SD = 4.77) years. The sample comprised 74.46% female and 25.54% male students. Participants completed the Chinese version of the modified Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0, the Social Physique Anxiety Scale, the Expressive Suppression Scale, and the Social Avoidance and Distress Scale. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 26.0 and the Process (Version 3.4) plug-in. Result The results of the study supported our hypothesis that the association between social physique anxiety and food addiction symptoms could be partially explained by expressive suppression and social avoidance and distress. This association remained significant even after adjusting for covariates such as gender, number of cigarettes smoked per day, bedtime, education, and BMI. Specifically, more severe social physique anxiety was found to be associated with frequent use of expressive suppression and social avoidance and distress, which in turn was associated with more severe food addiction symptoms. Conclusion This study explored the role of expression suppression and social avoidance and distress in the relationship between social physique anxiety and food addiction symptoms. The findings provide a theoretical basis for developing interventions for food addiction in college students. These interventions could include helping students develop a healthy perception of body image, encouraging emotional expression, and promoting active social participation to reduce food addiction symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Qingdao Mental Health Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yuxia Fan
- Qingdao Mental Health Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Qingdao Mental Health Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Shaobo Shi
- Qingdao Mental Health Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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Finn D, Cardini F, Aspell JE, Swami V, Todd J. The impact of body image on social cognition: Fear of negative evaluation mediates the relationship between body surveillance and interpersonal distance in women. Body Image 2024; 51:101777. [PMID: 39128330 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Interpersonal distance (IPD) refers to the distance naturally maintained during social interactions, while peripersonal space (PPS) refers to the immediate space surrounding the body, or the space within reaching distance. Previous research has preliminarily indicated that IPD is associated with body image disturbances. We sought to expand extant literature by exploring associations between aspects of positive and negative body image, IPD, and PPS. Seventy-five women from the United Kingdom aged 18-40 years completed measures of body appreciation, body image flexibility, body shame, body surveillance, and body dissatisfaction. IPD boundaries were estimated using a lab-based comfort-distance task, whereas PPS boundaries were estimated using an audio-tactile reaction-time task. Measures of body acceptance by others and fear of negative evaluation were completed as potential mediators. Overall, we identified positive associations between IPD, body surveillance, and fear of negative evaluation, with no statistically significant associations identified between the other indices. The association between active IPD and body surveillance was mediated by fear of negative evaluation, even after controlling for demographic factors. These findings suggest a nuanced relationship between IPD and body image-related factors, highlighting the role of social evaluation anxiety. Future investigations should use experimental designs to further understand these relationships and their implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deanna Finn
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Flavia Cardini
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jane E Aspell
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Viren Swami
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jennifer Todd
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Li J, Wang HM, Jiang Y, Liu ZN, He BH. Change in self-image pressure level before and after autologous fat breast augmentation and its effect on social adaptability. World J Psychiatry 2024; 14:920-929. [PMID: 38984330 PMCID: PMC11230084 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v14.i6.920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is an increasingly strong demand for appearance and physical beauty in social life, marriage, and other aspects with the development of society and the improvement of material living standards. An increasing number of people have improved their appearance and physical shape through aesthetic plastic surgery. The female breast plays a significant role in physical beauty, and droopy or atrophied breasts can frequently lead to psychological inferiority and lack of confidence in women. This, in turn, can affect their mental health and quality of life. AIM To analyze preoperative and postoperative self-image pressure-level changes of autologous fat breast augmentation patients and their impact on social adaptability. METHODS We selected 160 patients who underwent autologous fat breast augmentation at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University from January 2020 to December 2022 using random sampling method. The general information, self-image pressure level, and social adaptability of the patients were investigated using a basic information survey, body image self-assessment scale, and social adaptability scale. The self-image pressure-level changes and their effects on the social adaptability of patients before and after autologous fat breast augmentation were analyzed. RESULTS We collected 142 valid questionnaires. The single-factor analysis results showed no statistically significant difference in the self-image pressure level and social adaptability score of patients with different ages, marital status, and monthly income. However, there were significant differences in social adaptability among patients with different education levels and employment statuses. The correlation analysis results revealed a significant correlation between the self-image pressure level and social adaptability score before and after surgery. Multiple factors analysis results showed that the degree of concern caused by appearance in self-image pressure, the degree of possible behavioral intervention, the related distress caused by body image, and the influence of body image on social life influenced the social adaptability of autologous fat breast augmentation patients. CONCLUSION The self-image pressure on autologous fat breast augmentation patients is inversely proportional to their social adaptability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453100, Henan Province, China
| | - Hui-Min Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453100, Henan Province, China
| | - Yang Jiang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453100, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhen-Nan Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453100, Henan Province, China
| | - Bai-Hui He
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453100, Henan Province, China
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Bartlett S, Bataineh J, Thompson W, Pickett W. Correlations between weight perception and overt risk-taking among Canadian adolescents. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH = REVUE CANADIENNE DE SANTE PUBLIQUE 2023; 114:1019-1028. [PMID: 37351841 PMCID: PMC10661590 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-023-00778-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Perceptions of body weight represent an important health issue for Canadian adolescents. While associations between weight perception and mental health concerns like eating disorder symptomatology are well established, there is need for more Canadian evidence about how weight perception is associated with overt risk-taking among adolescents, and further how such associations differ by biological sex. METHODS We conducted a national analysis of grade 9-10 students participating in the 2017-2018 cycle of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study in Canada. This analysis described contemporary patterns of alternate weight perception and then examined the strength and statistical significance of such associations by biological sex, with tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis use, binge drinking, fighting, and illicit drug use as outcomes. Behaviours were considered both individually and in combination. Analyses were descriptive and analytical, with regression models accounting for the nested and clustered nature of the sampling approach. RESULTS Responses from 2135 males and 2519 females were available for a complete case series analysis. A total of 26% and 35% of males and females, respectively, perceived themselves as "too fat" while 20% and 9% identified as "too thin". Females perceiving themselves as "too fat" reported higher likelihoods of engaging in individual and scaled indicators of overt risk-taking. Conversely, among males, alternate weight perception was associated with lower levels of such behaviours. CONCLUSION As males and females perceive and react to weight perception differently, clinical and health promotion strategies should be developed and uniquely targeted to groups of adolescents in regards to weight perception and risk-taking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney Bartlett
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada.
| | - Jana Bataineh
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
| | - Wendy Thompson
- Centre for Surveillance of Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - William Pickett
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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Swami V, Barron D, Furnham A. Appearance Orientation and Dating Anxiety in Emerging Adults: Considering the Roles of Appearance-Based Rejection Sensitivity, Social Physique Anxiety, and Self-Compassion. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2022; 51:3981-3992. [PMID: 35900679 PMCID: PMC9332097 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-022-02367-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Emerging research has suggested that appearance-related factors, such as greater appearance orientation, are associated with dating anxiety in emerging adults, but much more could be done to understand mechanistic pathways and potential buffers. Here, we tested a moderated mediation model in which appearance-based rejection sensitivity and social physique anxiety were explored as mediators, and self-compassion was explored as a moderator, of the relationship between appearance orientation and dating anxiety. A total of 501 heterosexual emerging adults (248 women, 253 men) from the UK completed instruments measuring the aforementioned constructs. Relationships among all variables were largely similar across women and men, with only the association between social physique anxiety and appearance-based rejection sensitivity being significantly stronger in women. Mediation analysis in the total sample indicated that both social physique anxiety and appearance-based rejection anxiety were significant mediators. Additionally, we confirmed a serial mediation involving appearance orientation → appearance-based rejection sensitivity → social physique anxiety → dating anxiety. Conversely, self-compassion did not moderate the effects of either social physique anxiety or appearance-based rejection sensitivity on dating anxiety, although greater self-compassion was moderately associated lower dating anxiety. We suggest ways in which existing interventions aimed at reducing dating anxiety could be combined with body image interventions to reduce dating anxiety in heterosocial contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viren Swami
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, East Road, Cambridge, CB1 1PT, Cambridgeshire, UK.
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - David Barron
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Adrian Furnham
- Department of Leadership and Organizational Behaviour, Norwegian Business School, Oslo, Norway
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