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Gaskin KL, Barron D, Wray J. Parents' Journeys of Mastery and Knowledge Construction After Their Infant's First Stage of Surgery for Complex Congenital Heart Disease. Compr Child Adolesc Nurs 2024; 47:68-81. [PMID: 38090784 DOI: 10.1080/24694193.2023.2293993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing body of conceptual evidence over the last decade has increased our understanding of parents' experiences of having an infant with complex congenital heart disease. These concepts include parents' feelings of uncertainty, fear, excitement, and mastery. However, little is known about parents' experiences, confidence, and knowledge acquisition during transition from hospital to home with their infant after the first stage of complex cardiac surgery. A theoretical framework to assess, plan and implement child and family centered care would assist children's cardiac nurses responsible for parental education, discharge planning and coordination. AIM To explore parents' experiences of the transition from hospital to home with their infant, following the first stage of cardiac surgery. DESIGN A prospective mixed methods longitudinal design. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken, including administration of the Maternal Confidence Questionnaire at four timepoints: before discharge following stage one cardiac surgery (T0), 2 weeks' post discharge (T1), 8 weeks' post discharge (T2) and after stage two surgery (T3). Qualitative data were thematically analyzed. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the sample and non-parametric repeated measures analysis of variance was used to analyze changes over time in maternal confidence scores. RESULTS Sixteen parents of 12 infants participated. Four "patterns of transition experience" emerged, the fourth "Mastery", is discussed in this paper. Mastery can be contextualized in terms of the parents' journeys of knowledge construction, gaining confidence and reflection. Learning was dynamic and transformational, but successful learning and acquisition of knowledge was also dependent upon the parents' ability to absorb, integrate and adjust at any given time. Confidence at T0 was significantly lower than at T1 (p = .011), T2 (p = .018) and T3 (p = .012). There were no significant differences between scores at T1, T2 and T3. Liminality, as a concept, described the between and betwixt time that parents experienced as they were preparing for discharge from hospital; excitement to be going home balanced with the fear of being alone and confidence in looking after their fragile infant. CONCLUSION Parents of infants with complex congenital heart disease obtain knowledge, confidence, and mastery dependent upon their transition experience and their personal journey through pre-liminal, liminal, and post-liminal phases of discharge from hospital to home. A conceptual framework "Parenting through Transitions - hospital to home" emerged that could assist in structuring assessment of parents' knowledge and support needs within a coordinated discharge process. Identifying individualized support would promote adaptation and adjustment during transition from the pre to post liminal phase, following their infant's first stage of complex cardiac surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry L Gaskin
- Children's Cardiac Unit, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- Three Counties School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Worcester, Worcester, UK
| | - David Barron
- Children's Cardiac Unit, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK
- Division Head Cardiac Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- CIT Endowed Chair, Professor of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jo Wray
- Health Psychology, Heart and Lung Directorate, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
- Heart and Lung Directorate, NIHR Great Ormond Street Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK
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Konstantinov IE, Bacha E, Barron D, David T, Dearani J, d'Udekem Y, El-Hamamsy I, Najm HK, Del Nido PJ, Pizarro C, Skillington P, Starnes VA, Winlaw D. Optimal timing of Ross operation in children: A moving target? J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2024:S0022-5223(24)00175-2. [PMID: 38350595 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2024.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Igor E Konstantinov
- Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne Centre for Cardiovascular Genomics and Regenerative Medicine, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Emile Bacha
- Columbia University Medical Center, Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, New York, NY
| | - David Barron
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tirone David
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Joseph Dearani
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn
| | - Yves d'Udekem
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Children's National Heart Institute, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC
| | | | - Hani K Najm
- Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Christian Pizarro
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Nemours Cardiac Center, Wilmington, Del
| | - Peter Skillington
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vaughn A Starnes
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of South California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - David Winlaw
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill
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Jacobs JP, DeCampli WM, Karamlou T, Najm HK, Marino BS, Blackstone EH, McCrindle BW, Jegatheeswaran A, St Louis JD, Austin EH, Caldarone CA, Mavroudis C, Overman DM, Dearani JA, Jacobs ML, Tchervenkov CI, Svensson LG, Barron D, Kirklin JK, Williams WG. The Academic Impact of Congenital Heart Surgeons' Society (CHSS) Studies. World J Pediatr Congenit Heart Surg 2023; 14:602-619. [PMID: 37737599 DOI: 10.1177/21501351231190916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We reviewed all 64 articles ever published by The Congenital Heart Surgeons' Society (CHSS) Data Center to estimate the academic impact of these peer-reviewed articles. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Congenital Heart Surgeons' Society has performed research based on 12 Diagnostic Inception Cohorts. The first cohort (Transposition) began enrolling patients on January 1, 1985. We queried PubMed to determine the number of publications that referenced each of the 64 journal articles generated by the datasets of the 12 Diagnostic Inception Cohorts that comprise the CHSS Database. Descriptive summaries of the data were tabulated using mean with standard deviation and median with range. RESULTS Sixty-four peer-reviewed papers have been published based on the CHSS Database. Fifty-nine peer-reviewed articles have been published based on the 12 Diagnostic Inception Cohorts, and five additional articles have been published based on Data Science. Excluding the recently established Diagnostic Inception Cohort for patients with Ebstein malformation of tricuspid valve, the number of papers published per cohort ranged from 1 for coarctation to 11 for transposition of the great arteries. The 11 articles generated from the CHSS Transposition Cohort were referenced by a total of 111 articles (median number of references per journal article = 9 [range = 0-22, mean = 10.1]). Overall, individual articles were cited by an average of 11 (mean), and a maximum of 41 PubMed-listed publications. Overall, these 64 peer-reviewed articles based on the CHSS Database were cited 692 times in PubMed-listed publications. The first CHSS peer-reviewed article was published in 1987, and during the 35 years from 1987 to 2022, inclusive, the annual number of CHSS publications has ranged from 0 to 7, with a mean of 1.8 publications per year (median = 1, mode = 1). CONCLUSION Congenital Heart Surgeons' Society studies are widely referenced in the pediatric cardiac surgical literature, with over 10 citations per published article. These cohorts provide unique information unavailable in other sources of data. A tool to access this analysis is available at: [https://data-center.chss.org/multimedia/files/2022/CAI.pdf].
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Phillip Jacobs
- Congenital Heart Center, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - William M DeCampli
- Division of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Tara Karamlou
- Pediatric and Adult Congenital Heart Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Hani K Najm
- Pediatric and Adult Congenital Heart Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Bradley S Marino
- Pediatric and Adult Congenital Heart Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Eugene H Blackstone
- Pediatric and Adult Congenital Heart Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Brian W McCrindle
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - James D St Louis
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Inova Fairfax Hospital and Inova L.J Murphy Children's Hospital, Fairfax, VA, USA
- Departments of Surgery and Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Erle H Austin
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA
| | | | - Constantine Mavroudis
- Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Peyton Manning Children's Hospital, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David M Overman
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic-Children's Minnesota Cardiovascular Collaborative, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Joseph A Dearani
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic-Children's Minnesota Cardiovascular Collaborative, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Marshall L Jacobs
- Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christo I Tchervenkov
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Lars G Svensson
- Pediatric and Adult Congenital Heart Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - David Barron
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James K Kirklin
- Kirklin Institute for Research in Surgical Outcomes, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - William G Williams
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Swami V, Tran US, Stieger S, Aavik T, Ranjbar HA, Adebayo SO, Afhami R, Ahmed O, Aimé A, Akel M, Halbusi HA, Alexias G, Ali KF, Alp-Dal N, Alsalhani AB, Álvares-Solas S, Amaral ACS, Andrianto S, Aspden T, Argyrides M, Aruta JJBR, Atkin S, Ayandele O, Baceviciene M, Bahbouh R, Ballesio A, Barron D, Bellard A, Bender SS, Beydağ KD, Birovljević G, Blackburn MÈ, Borja-Alvarez T, Borowiec J, Bozogáňová M, Bratland-Sanda S, Browning MHEM, Brytek-Matera A, Burakova M, Çakır-Koçak Y, Camacho P, Camilleri VE, Cazzato V, Cerea S, Chaiwutikornwanich A, Chaleeraktrakoon T, Chambers T, Chen QW, Chen X, Chien CL, Chobthamkit P, Choompunuch B, Compte EJ, Corrigan J, Cosmas G, Cowden RG, Czepczor-Bernat K, Czub M, da Silva WR, Dadfar M, Dalley SE, Dany L, Datu JAD, Berbert de Carvalho PH, Coelho GLDH, De Jesus AOS, Debbabi SH, Dhakal S, Di Bernardo F, Dimitrova DD, Dion J, Dixson B, Donofrio SM, Drysch M, Du H, Dzhambov AM, El-Jor C, Enea V, Eskin M, Farbod F, Farrugia L, Fian L, Fisher ML, Folwarczny M, Frederick DA, Fuller-Tyszkiewicz M, Furnham A, García AA, Geller S, Ghisi M, Ghorbani A, Martinez MAG, Gradidge S, Graf S, Grano C, Gyene G, Hallit S, Hamdan M, Handelzalts JE, Hanel PHP, Hawks SR, Hekmati I, Helmy M, Hill T, Hina F, Holenweger G, Hřebíčková M, Ijabadeniyi OA, Imam A, İnce B, Irrazabal N, Jankauskiene R, Jiang DY, Jiménez-Borja M, Jiménez-Borja V, Johnson EM, Jovanović V, Jović M, Jović M, Junqueira ACP, Kahle LM, Kantanista A, Karakiraz A, Karkin AN, Kasten E, Khatib S, Khieowan N, Kimong PJ, Kiropoulos L, Knittel J, Kohli N, Koprivnik M, Kospakov A, Król-Zielińska M, Krug I, Kuan G, Kueh YC, Kujan O, Kukić M, Kumar S, Kumar V, Lamba N, Lauri MA, Laus MF, LeBlanc LA, Lee HJ, Lipowska M, Lipowski M, Lombardo C, Lukács A, Maïano C, Malik S, Manjary M, Baldó LM, Martinez-Banfi M, Massar K, Matera C, McAnirlin O, Mebarak MR, Mechri A, Meireles JFF, Mesko N, Mills J, Miyairi M, Modi R, Modrzejewska A, Modrzejewska J, Mulgrew KE, Myers TA, Namatame H, Nassani MZ, Nerini A, Neto F, Neto J, Neves AN, Ng SK, Nithiya D, O J, Obeid S, Oda-Montecinos C, Olapegba PO, Olonisakin TT, Omar SS, Örlygsdóttir B, Özsoy E, Otterbring T, Pahl S, Panasiti MS, Park Y, Patwary MM, Pethö T, Petrova N, Pietschnig J, Pourmahmoud S, Prabhu VG, Poštuvan V, Prokop P, Ramseyer Winter VL, Razmus M, Ru T, Rupar M, Sahlan RN, Hassan MS, Šalov A, Sapkota S, Sarfo JO, Sawamiya Y, Schaefer K, Schulte-Mecklenbeck M, Seekis V, Selvi K, Sharifi M, Shrivastava A, Siddique RF, Sigurdsson V, Silkane V, Šimunić A, Singh G, Slezáčková A, Sundgot-Borgen C, Ten Hoor G, Tevichapong P, Tipandjan A, Todd J, Togas C, Tonini F, Tovar-Castro JC, Trangsrud LKJ, Tripathi P, Tudorel O, Tylka TL, Uyzbayeva A, Vally Z, Vanags E, Vega LD, Vicente-Arruebarrena A, Vidal-Mollón J, Vilar R, Villegas H, Vintilă M, Wallner C, White MP, Whitebridge S, Windhager S, Wong KY, Yau EK, Yamamiya Y, Yeung VWL, Zanetti MC, Zawisza M, Zeeni N, Zvaríková M, Voracek M. Body appreciation around the world: Measurement invariance of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age. Body Image 2023; 46:449-466. [PMID: 37582318 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2023.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
The Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) is a widely used measure of a core facet of the positive body image construct. However, extant research concerning measurement invariance of the BAS-2 across a large number of nations remains limited. Here, we utilised the Body Image in Nature (BINS) dataset - with data collected between 2020 and 2022 - to assess measurement invariance of the BAS-2 across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups. Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis indicated that full scalar invariance was upheld across all nations, languages, gender identities, and age groups, suggesting that the unidimensional BAS-2 model has widespread applicability. There were large differences across nations and languages in latent body appreciation, while differences across gender identities and age groups were negligible-to-small. Additionally, greater body appreciation was significantly associated with higher life satisfaction, being single (versus being married or in a committed relationship), and greater rurality (versus urbanicity). Across a subset of nations where nation-level data were available, greater body appreciation was also significantly associated with greater cultural distance from the United States and greater relative income inequality. These findings suggest that the BAS-2 likely captures a near-universal conceptualisation of the body appreciation construct, which should facilitate further cross-cultural research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viren Swami
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Ulrich S Tran
- Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Stieger
- Department of Psychology and Psychodynamics, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Toivo Aavik
- Institute of Psychology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | | | - Reza Afhami
- Department of Art Studies, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Oli Ahmed
- Department of Psychology, University of Chittagong, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Annie Aimé
- Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Saint-Jérôme, Canada
| | - Marwan Akel
- INSPECT-LB: National Institute of Public Health, Clinical Epidemiology, and Toxicology, Beirut, Lebanon; School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hussam Al Halbusi
- Department of Management, Ahmed Bin Mohammad Military College, Doha, Qatar
| | - George Alexias
- Faculty of Psychology, Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences, Athens, Greece
| | - Khawla F Ali
- Royal College of Surgeons Ireland-Bahrain, Adliya, Bahrain
| | - Nursel Alp-Dal
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Munzur University, Tunceli, Turkiya
| | - Anas B Alsalhani
- Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Vision College of Dentistry and Nursing, Vision Colleges, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara Álvares-Solas
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam, Muyuna, Ecuador
| | | | - Sonny Andrianto
- Department of Psychology, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Trefor Aspden
- Department of Psychology, Aberystwyth University, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - Marios Argyrides
- Department of Psychology, Neapolis University Pafos, Paphos, Cyprus
| | | | - Stephen Atkin
- Royal College of Surgeons Ireland-Bahrain, Adliya, Bahrain
| | - Olusola Ayandele
- Department of General Studies, The Polytechnic, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Psychology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Migle Baceviciene
- Health Research and Innovation Science Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Klaipeda University, Klaipeda, Lithuania
| | - Radvan Bahbouh
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Andrea Ballesio
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - David Barron
- School of Social Sciences, Heriot-Watt University Malaysia, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Ashleigh Bellard
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | - Kerime Derya Beydağ
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Gedik University, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Gorana Birovljević
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | | | - Teresita Borja-Alvarez
- Colegio de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Joanna Borowiec
- Department of Physical Education and Lifelong Sports, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Miroslava Bozogáňová
- Institute of Social Sciences of the Centre of Social and Psychological Sciences, Košice, Slovakia; Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, Institute of Pedagogy, Andragogy, and Psychology, University of Prešov, Prešov, Slovakia
| | - Solfrid Bratland-Sanda
- Department of Sports, Physical Education and Outdoor Studies, University of South-Eastern Norway, Bø, Telemark, Norway
| | - Matthew H E M Browning
- Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management, Clemson University, Clemson, United States of America
| | | | - Marina Burakova
- Laboratory of Social Psychology, Aix-Marseille University, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Yeliz Çakır-Koçak
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bartın University, Bartın, Turkiye
| | | | | | - Valentina Cazzato
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Cerea
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Trawin Chaleeraktrakoon
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Tim Chambers
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Qing-Wei Chen
- Lab of Light and Physio-Psychological Health, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectrics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Psychology, Graduate School of Arts and Science, New York University, New York, United States of America
| | - Chin-Lung Chien
- Department of Psychology, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Bovornpot Choompunuch
- Department of Educational Psychology and Guidance, Faculty of Education, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand
| | - Emilio J Compte
- School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Penalolen, Chile; Comenzar de Nuevo Treatment Center, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Jennifer Corrigan
- School of Applied Psychology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Getrude Cosmas
- Faculty of Psychology and Education, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | - Richard G Cowden
- Human Flourishing Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States of America
| | - Kamila Czepczor-Bernat
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Obesity and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Marcin Czub
- Institute of Psychology, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Wanderson Roberto da Silva
- Graduate Program in Food, Nutrition, and Food Engineering, São Paulo State University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mahboubeh Dadfar
- Department of Addiction, School of Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health (Tehran Institute of Psychiatry), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simon E Dalley
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lionel Dany
- Laboratory of Social Psychology, Aix-Marseille University, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Jesus Alfonso D Datu
- Teacher Education and Learning Leadership Academic Unit, Faculty of Education. The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pedro Henrique Berbert de Carvalho
- Body Image and Eating Disorders Research Group, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil; Institute of Psychiatry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Sandesh Dhakal
- Central Department of Psychology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | | | - Donka D Dimitrova
- Department of Health Management and Healthcare Economics, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Jacinthe Dion
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Barnaby Dixson
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Moreton Bay, Australia
| | - Stacey M Donofrio
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marius Drysch
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Hongfei Du
- Institute of Advanced Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Angel M Dzhambov
- Department of Hygiene, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Claire El-Jor
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Violeta Enea
- Department of Psychology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Iași, Romania
| | - Mehmet Eskin
- Department of Psychology, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkiye
| | - Farinaz Farbod
- Department of Textile and Fashion Design, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Leonie Fian
- Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Michał Folwarczny
- Discipline of Marketing, J.E. Cairnes School of Business & Economics, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - David A Frederick
- Crean College of Health and Behavioral Sciences, Chapman University, Orange, United States of America
| | | | - Adrian Furnham
- Department of Leadership and Organizational Behaviour, Norwegian Business School, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Shulamit Geller
- School of Behavioral Sciences, The Academic College of Tel Aviv-Yaffo, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | - Marta Ghisi
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Unità Operativa Complessa (UOC) Hospital Psychology, Padova University Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Alireza Ghorbani
- Department of Social Sciences, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sarah Gradidge
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sylvie Graf
- Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Caterina Grano
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gyöngyvér Gyene
- Doctoral School of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Souheil Hallit
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon; Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11931, Jordan
| | - Motasem Hamdan
- Faculty of Public Health, Al-Quds University, East Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Jonathan E Handelzalts
- School of Behavioral Sciences, The Academic College of Tel Aviv-Yaffo, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel; Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States of America
| | - Paul H P Hanel
- Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom
| | - Steven R Hawks
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Science, Utah State University, Logan, UnitedStates of America
| | - Issa Hekmati
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Human Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Mai Helmy
- Department of Psychology, College of Education, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Menoufia University, Shebin el Kom, Egypt
| | - Tetiana Hill
- Hertfordshire Business School, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - Farah Hina
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Asma Imam
- Faculty of Public Health, Al-Quds University, East Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Başak İnce
- Centre for Research in Eating and Weight Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Natalia Irrazabal
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Palermo, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rasa Jankauskiene
- Health Research and Innovation Science Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Klaipeda University, Klaipeda, Lithuania
| | - Ding-Yu Jiang
- Department of Psychology, National Chung Cheng University, Chia Yi, Taiwan
| | - Micaela Jiménez-Borja
- Colegio de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Verónica Jiménez-Borja
- Colegio de Comunicación y Artes Contemporáneas, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Evan M Johnson
- Crean College of Health and Behavioral Sciences, Chapman University, Orange, United States of America
| | - Veljko Jovanović
- Department of Psychology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Marija Jović
- Faculty of Organizational Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko Jović
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Alessandra Costa Pereira Junqueira
- Department of Psychology, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Department of Nutrition, University of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Lisa-Marie Kahle
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Adam Kantanista
- Department of Physical Education and Lifelong Sports, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Ahmet Karakiraz
- Sakarya Business School, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkiye
| | | | - Erich Kasten
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Salam Khatib
- Faculty of Health Professions, Al-Quds University, East Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Nuannut Khieowan
- Asian Studies Department, Faculty of International Studies, Prince of Songkla University Phuket Campus, Phuket, Thailand
| | | | - Litza Kiropoulos
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Joshua Knittel
- Department of Consumer Behavior, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Neena Kohli
- Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Mirjam Koprivnik
- Institute of Anton Martin Slomsek, Primary School Montessori, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Aituar Kospakov
- Department of Sociology and Social Work, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan; Department of General Education Disciplines, Astana IT University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Magdalena Król-Zielińska
- Department of Physical Education and Lifelong Sports, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Isabel Krug
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Garry Kuan
- Exercise and Sport Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Yee Cheng Kueh
- Biostatics and Research Methods Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Omar Kujan
- Oral Diagnostics and Surgical Sciences, UWA Dental School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Miljana Kukić
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Psychology, D.A.V. College, Muzaffarnagar, India
| | - Vipul Kumar
- Department of Psychology, Kashi Naresh Government Post-Graduate College, Gyanpur, India
| | - Nishtha Lamba
- Department of Psychology, Middlesex University Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Maria Fernanda Laus
- Department of Psychology, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Department of Nutrition, University of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Hyejoo J Lee
- Department of Counselling Psychology and Social Welfare, Handong Global University, Pohang, South Korea
| | | | - Mariusz Lipowski
- Faculty of Social and Humanities, University WSB Merito, Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Andrea Lukács
- Faculty of Health Care, University of Miskolc, Miskolc, Hungary
| | - Christophe Maïano
- Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Saint-Jérôme, Canada; Cyberpsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, Université du Québec en Outaouais (UQO), Saint-Jérôme, Canada
| | - Sadia Malik
- Department of Psychology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Mandar Manjary
- Department of Psychology, D.A.V. College, Muzaffarnagar, India; M.M.D. Public School, Brahmpuri, Muzaffarnagar, India
| | - Lidia Márquez Baldó
- Department of Research Methods and Diagnosis in Education, University of València, València, Spain
| | - Martha Martinez-Banfi
- Faculty of Legal and Social Sciences, Simón Bolívar University, Barranquilla, Colombia; Life Science Research Centre, Simón Bolívar University, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Karlijn Massar
- Department of Work and Social Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Camila Matera
- Department of Education, Languages, Intercultures, Literatures, and Psychology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Olivia McAnirlin
- Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism Management, Clemson University, Clemson, United States of America
| | | | - Anwar Mechri
- Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, Eya Medical Centre, Monastir, Tunisia
| | | | - Norbert Mesko
- Institute of Psychology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | | | - Maya Miyairi
- Department of Health Sciences, DePaul University, Chicago, United States of America
| | - Ritu Modi
- Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Adriana Modrzejewska
- Department of Psychology, School of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Kate E Mulgrew
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Moreton Bay, Australia
| | - Taryn A Myers
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Wesleyan University, Virginia Beach, United States of America
| | - Hikari Namatame
- Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Mohammad Zakaria Nassani
- Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Dar Al Uloom University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amanda Nerini
- Department of Education, Languages, Intercultures, Literatures, and Psychology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Félix Neto
- Department of Psychology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Neto
- Research Center in Business Sciences and Tourism of Consuelo Vieira da Costa Foundation (CICET-FCVC), Porto, Portugal
| | - Angela Noguiera Neves
- Division of Research, Physical Education College of the Brazilian Army, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Siu-Kuen Ng
- Physical Education Unit, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Devi Nithiya
- Department of Physiology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry, India
| | - Jiaqing O
- Department of Psychology, Aberystwyth University, Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Social and Education Sciences Department, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Jbeil, Lebanon
| | | | | | | | - Salma Samir Omar
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Andrology, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Emrah Özsoy
- Sakarya Business School, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkiye
| | | | - Sabine Pahl
- Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Serena Panasiti
- Santa Lucia Foundation, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare, Rome, Italy
| | - Yonguk Park
- Department of Psychology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Muhammad Mainuddin Patwary
- Environment and Sustainability Research Initiative, Khulna, Bangladesh; Environmental Science Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Tatiana Pethö
- Department of Managerial Psychology, The University of Presov, Presov, Slovakia
| | - Nadezhda Petrova
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Jakob Pietschnig
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Vita Poštuvan
- Slovene Centre for Suicide Research, Andrej Marusic Institute, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia; Department of Psychology FAMNIT, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Pavol Prokop
- Department of Environmental Ecology and Landscape Management, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia; Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Magdalena Razmus
- Institute of Psychology, Marie Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Taotao Ru
- Lab of Light and Physio-Psychological Health, National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectrics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Information Materials and Technology & Institute of Electronic Paper Displays, South China Academy of Advanced Optoelectronics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mirjana Rupar
- Institute of Psychology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia; Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Reza N Sahlan
- Department of Counseling, School, and Educational Psychology, Graduate School of Education, University at Buffalo-SUNY, Buffalo, United States of America
| | | | - Anđela Šalov
- Department of Psychology, University of Zadar, Zadar, Croatia
| | - Saphal Sapkota
- KOSHISH-National Mental Health Self-Help Organization, Kusunti, Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Jacob Owusu Sarfo
- Department of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Yoko Sawamiya
- Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Katrin Schaefer
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Human Evolution and Archaeological Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Schulte-Mecklenbeck
- Department of Consumer Behavior, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Veya Seekis
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Kerim Selvi
- Department of Psychology, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Turkiye
| | - Mehdi Sharifi
- Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Gaz, Iran
| | - Anita Shrivastava
- Department of Psychology, Middlesex University Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Valdimar Sigurdsson
- Department of Business Administration, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Vineta Silkane
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Vidzeme University of Applied Sciences, Valmiera, Latvia
| | - Ana Šimunić
- Department of Psychology, University of Zadar, Zadar, Croatia
| | - Govind Singh
- Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Alena Slezáčková
- Department of Medical Psychology and Psychosomatics, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | | | - Gill Ten Hoor
- Department of Work and Social Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Passagorn Tevichapong
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Arun Tipandjan
- International Centre for Psychological Counselling and Social Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Jennifer Todd
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Constantinos Togas
- Faculty of Psychology, Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences, Athens, Greece
| | - Fernando Tonini
- Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Palermo, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Lise Katrine Jepsen Trangsrud
- Department of Sports, Physical Education and Outdoor Studies, University of South-Eastern Norway, Bø, Telemark, Norway
| | - Pankaj Tripathi
- Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, India
| | - Otilia Tudorel
- Department of Psychology, West University of Timişoara, Timişoara, Romania
| | - Tracy L Tylka
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, United States of America
| | - Anar Uyzbayeva
- Department of General Education Disciplines, Astana IT University, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Zahir Vally
- Department of Clinical Psychology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Edmunds Vanags
- Faculty of Education, Psychology, and Art, University of Latvia, Rīga, Latvia
| | - Luis Diego Vega
- Vice-rectory for Teaching, Research, and Extension, Universida Latina de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | | | - Jose Vidal-Mollón
- Department of Research Methods and Diagnosis in Education, University of València, València, Spain
| | - Roosevelt Vilar
- Department of Psychology, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Hyxia Villegas
- Vice-rectory for Teaching, Research, and Extension, Universida Latina de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Mona Vintilă
- Department of Psychology, West University of Timişoara, Timişoara, Romania
| | - Christoph Wallner
- Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Mathew P White
- Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Sonja Windhager
- Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Human Evolution and Archaeological Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kah Yan Wong
- School of Psychology, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Malaysia
| | - Eric Kenson Yau
- Department of Psychology, Lingnan University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuko Yamamiya
- Department of Undergraduate Studies, Temple University, Japan Campus, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Victoria Wai Lan Yeung
- Department of Psychology, Lingnan University, Hong Kong, China; Wofoo Joseph Lee Consulting and Counselling Psychology Research Centre, Lingnan University, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Magdalena Zawisza
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nadine Zeeni
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Martina Zvaríková
- Department of Environmental Ecology and Landscape Management, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martin Voracek
- Department of Cognition, Emotion, and Methods in Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Walsh B, Mueller B, Roche SL, Alonso-Gonzalez R, Somerset E, Sano M, Villagran Schmidt M, Hickey E, Barron D, Heggie J. Impact of a quality improvement initiative with a dedicated anesthesia team on outcomes after surgery for adult congenital heart disease. JTCVS Open 2023; 14:188-204. [PMID: 37425473 PMCID: PMC10329027 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjon.2023.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Objectives A quality improvement initiative was introduced to the adult congenital cardiac surgery program at Toronto General Hospital in January 2016. A dedicated Adult Congenital Anesthesia and intensive care unit team was introduced within the cardiac group. The use of factor concentrates was introduced. The study compares perioperative mortality, adverse events, and transfusion burden before and after this process change. Methods We performed a retrospective analysis of all adult congenital cardiac surgeries from January 2004 to July 2019. Two groups were analyzed: patients undergoing operation before and after 2016. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. One-year mortality and prevalence of key morbidities were analyzed as secondary outcomes. A separate analysis looked at patients who had and had not attended an anesthesia-led preassessment clinic. Results In-hospital mortality was significantly reduced in patients undergoing operation after 2016 (1.1% vs 4.3%, P = .003) despite a higher risk profile. One-year mortality (1.3% vs 5.8%, P = .003) and ventilation times (5.5 hours [3.4-13.0] vs 6.3 hours [4.2-16.2], P = .001) were also reduced. The incidence of stroke and renal failure was similar between groups. Blood product exposure was comparable, but the incidence of chest reopening decreased (1.8% vs 4.8%, P = .022), despite more patients with multiple previous chest wall incisions, on anticoagulation, and with more complex cardiac anatomy. There were no significant outcome differences between those who did or did not attend the preassessment clinic. Conclusions Both in-hospital and 1-year mortality were significantly reduced after the introduction of a quality improvement program, despite a higher risk profile. Blood product exposure remained unchanged, but there were less chest reopenings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bill Walsh
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brigitte Mueller
- Ted Rogers Computational Program, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - S. Lucy Roche
- Division of Cardiology, Toronto Congenital Cardiac Centre for Adults, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rafael Alonso-Gonzalez
- Division of Cardiology, Toronto Congenital Cardiac Centre for Adults, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Emily Somerset
- Ted Rogers Computational Program, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Minako Sano
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Milca Villagran Schmidt
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edward Hickey
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Barron
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jane Heggie
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Aguet J, Fakhari N, Nguyen M, Mertens L, Szabo E, Ertl-Wagner B, Crawford L, Haller C, Barron D, Baranger J, Villemain O. Impact of cardiopulmonary bypass on cerebrovascular autoregulation assessed by ultrafast ultrasound imaging. J Physiol 2023; 601:1077-1093. [PMID: 36779673 DOI: 10.1113/jp284070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Newborns with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery are at risk of neurodevelopmental impairment with limited understanding of the impact of intra-operative cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), deep hypothermia and selective cerebral perfusion on the brain. We hypothesized that a novel ultrasound technique, ultrafast power Doppler (UPD), can assess variations of cerebral blood volume (CBV) in neonates undergoing cardiac surgery requiring CPB. UPD was performed before, during and after surgery in newborns with hypoplastic left heart syndrome undergoing a Norwood operation. We found that global CBV was not significantly different between patients and controls (P = 0.98) and between pre- and post-surgery (P = 0.62). UPD was able to monitor changes in CBV throughout surgery, revealing regional differences in CBV during hypothermia during which CBV correlated with CPB flow rate (R2 = 0.52, P = 0.021). Brain injury on post-operative magnetic resonance imaging was observed in patients with higher maximum variation in CBV. Our findings suggest that UPD can quantify global and regional brain perfusion variation during neonatal cardiac surgery with this first intra-operative application demonstrating an association between CBV and CPB flow rate, suggesting loss of autoregulation. Therefore, the measurement of CBV by UPD could enable optimization of cerebral perfusion during cardiac surgery in neonates. KEY POINTS: The impact of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on the neonatal brain undergoing cardiac surgery is poorly understood. Ultrafast power Doppler (UPD) quantifies cerebral blood volume (CBV), a surrogate of brain perfusion. CBV varies throughout CPB surgery and is associated with variation of the bypass pump flow rate during deep hypothermia. Association between CBV and bypass pump flow rate suggests loss of cerebrovascular autoregulatory processes. Quantitative monitoring of cerebral perfusion by UPD could provide a direct parameter to optimize CPB flow rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Aguet
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nikan Fakhari
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Minh Nguyen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Luc Mertens
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elod Szabo
- Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Birgit Ertl-Wagner
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lynn Crawford
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christoph Haller
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Barron
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jérôme Baranger
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Olivier Villemain
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Fakhari N, Aguet J, Nguyen M, Mertens L, Barron D, Haller C, Sled JG, Villemain O, Baranger J. Longitudinal assessment of cerebral blood volume variation in human neonates using ultrafast power Doppler and diverging waves. IEEE Trans Med Imaging 2023; PP:1-1. [PMID: 37027649 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2023.3246920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Longitudinal assessment of brain perfusion is a critical parameter for neurodevelopmental outcome of neonates undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass procedure. In this study, we aim to measure the variations of cerebral blood volume (CBV) in human neonates during cardiac surgery, using Ultrafast Power Doppler and freehand scanning. To be clinically relevant, this method must satisfy three criteria: being able to image a wide field of view in the brain, show significant longitudinal CBV variations, and present reproducible results. To address the first point, we performed for the first time transfontanellar Ultrafast Power Doppler using a hand-held phased-array transducer with diverging waves. This increased the field of view more than threefold compared to previous studies using linear transducers and plane waves. We were able to image vessels in the cortical areas as well as the deep grey matter and temporal lobes. Second, we measured the longitudinal variations of CBV on human neonates undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass. When compared to a pre-operative baseline acquisition, the CBV exhibited significant variation during bypass: on average, +20±3% in the mid-sagittal full sector (p<0.0001), -11±3% in the cortical regions (p<0.01) and -10±4% in the basal ganglia (p<0.01). Third, a trained operator performing identical scans was able to reproduce CBV estimates with a variability of 4% to 7.5% depending on the regions considered. We also investigated whether vessel segmentation could further improve reproducibility, but found that it actually introduced greater variability in the results. Overall, this study demonstrates the clinical translation of ultrafast power Doppler with diverging-waves and freehand scanning.
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Brown KL, Huang Q, Hadjicosta E, Seale AN, Tsang V, Anderson D, Barron D, Bellsham-Revell H, Pagel C, Crowe S, Espuny-Pujol F, Franklin R, Ridout D. Long-term survival and center volume for functionally single-ventricle congenital heart disease in England and Wales. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2022:S0022-5223(22)01259-4. [PMID: 36535820 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2022.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Long-term survival is an important metric for health care evaluation, especially in functionally single-ventricle (f-SV) congenital heart disease (CHD). This study's aim was to evaluate the relationship between center volume and long-term survival in f-SV CHD within the centralized health care service of England and Wales. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of children born with f-SV CHD between 2000 and 2018, using the national CHD procedure registry, with survival ascertained in 2020. RESULTS Of 56,039 patients, 3293 (5.9%) had f-SV CHD. Median age at first intervention was 7 days (interquartile range [IQR], 4, 27), and median follow-up time was 7.6 years (IQR, 1.0, 13.3). The largest diagnostic subcategories were hypoplastic left heart syndrome, 1276 (38.8%); tricuspid atresia, 440 (13.4%); and double-inlet left ventricle, 322 (9.8%). The survival rate at 1 year and 5 years was 76.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 75.3%-78.2%) and 72.1% (95% CI, 70.6%-73.7%), respectively. The unadjusted hazard ratio for each 5 additional patients with f-SV starting treatment per center per year was 1.04 (95% CI, 1.02-1.06), P < .001. However, after adjustment for significant risk factors (diagnostic subcategory; antenatal diagnosis; younger age, low weight, acquired comorbidity, increased severity of illness at first procedure), the hazard ratio for f-SV center volume was 1.01 (95% CI, 0.99-1.04) P = .28. There was strong evidence that patients with more complex f-SV (hypoplastic left heart syndrome, Norwood pathway) were treated at centers with greater f-SV case volume (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS After adjustment for case mix, there was no evidence that f-SV center volume was linked to longer-term survival in the centralized health service provided by the 10 children's cardiac centers in England and Wales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate L Brown
- Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre and Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Qi Huang
- Clinical Operational Research Unit, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Elena Hadjicosta
- Clinical Operational Research Unit, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anna N Seale
- Paediatric Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust and Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Victor Tsang
- Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre and Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David Anderson
- Paediatric Cardiology, Evelina London Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - David Barron
- Paediatric Cardiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Birmingham Women's and Children's Hospital National Health Service Foundation Trust and Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | | | - Christina Pagel
- Clinical Operational Research Unit, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sonya Crowe
- Clinical Operational Research Unit, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ferran Espuny-Pujol
- Clinical Operational Research Unit, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rodney Franklin
- Paediatric Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Deborah Ridout
- Population, Policy and Practice Programme, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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9
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Swami V, Barron D, Furnham A. Appearance Orientation and Dating Anxiety in Emerging Adults: Considering the Roles of Appearance-Based Rejection Sensitivity, Social Physique Anxiety, and Self-Compassion. Arch Sex Behav 2022; 51:3981-3992. [PMID: 35900679 PMCID: PMC9332097 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-022-02367-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Emerging research has suggested that appearance-related factors, such as greater appearance orientation, are associated with dating anxiety in emerging adults, but much more could be done to understand mechanistic pathways and potential buffers. Here, we tested a moderated mediation model in which appearance-based rejection sensitivity and social physique anxiety were explored as mediators, and self-compassion was explored as a moderator, of the relationship between appearance orientation and dating anxiety. A total of 501 heterosexual emerging adults (248 women, 253 men) from the UK completed instruments measuring the aforementioned constructs. Relationships among all variables were largely similar across women and men, with only the association between social physique anxiety and appearance-based rejection sensitivity being significantly stronger in women. Mediation analysis in the total sample indicated that both social physique anxiety and appearance-based rejection anxiety were significant mediators. Additionally, we confirmed a serial mediation involving appearance orientation → appearance-based rejection sensitivity → social physique anxiety → dating anxiety. Conversely, self-compassion did not moderate the effects of either social physique anxiety or appearance-based rejection sensitivity on dating anxiety, although greater self-compassion was moderately associated lower dating anxiety. We suggest ways in which existing interventions aimed at reducing dating anxiety could be combined with body image interventions to reduce dating anxiety in heterosocial contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viren Swami
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, East Road, Cambridge, CB1 1PT, Cambridgeshire, UK.
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - David Barron
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Adrian Furnham
- Department of Leadership and Organizational Behaviour, Norwegian Business School, Oslo, Norway
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10
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Swami V, Barron D, Furnham A. Associations between Schizotypal Facets and Symptoms of Disordered Eating in Women. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:11157. [PMID: 36141444 PMCID: PMC9517632 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Research has suggested that schizotypy-a personality organisation representing latent vulnerability for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders-may be elevated in women with symptoms of disordered eating. However, studies have not fully considered associations between symptoms of disordered eating and multidimensional schizotypy. To overcome this limitation, we asked an online sample of 235 women from the United States to complete measures of symptoms of disordered eating (drive for thinness, body dissatisfaction, and bulimic symptoms) and multidimensional schizotypy. Correlational analyses indicated significant associations between drive for thinness and bulimic symptoms, respectively, and most schizotypal facets. Body dissatisfaction was significantly associated with only two schizotypal facets. Overall, the strength of correlations was weak-to-moderate. Regression results indicated that only the schizotypal feature of excessive social anxiety was significantly associated with all risk for disordered eating factors. These results are consistent with aetiological models of disordered eating that highlight socio-affective difficulties as risk factors for symptoms of disordered eating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viren Swami
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur 50490, Malaysia
| | - David Barron
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur 50490, Malaysia
| | - Adrian Furnham
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur 50490, Malaysia
- Department of Leadership and Organizational Behaviour, Norwegian Business School, 0484 Oslo, Norway
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11
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Swami V, Maïano C, Wong KY, Zahari HS, Barron D. Psychometric properties of a Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) translation of the Body and Appearance Self-Conscious Emotions Scale (BASES): An assessment using exploratory structural equation modelling. Body Image 2021; 39:293-304. [PMID: 34739921 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The Body and Appearance Self-Conscious Emotions Scale (BASES) measures self-conscious emotions in relation to the body and appearance. While scores have been shown to support a hypothesised 4-factor model consisting of facets of shame, guilt, authentic pride, and hubristic pride, previous studies are limited in their sole reliance on confirmatory factor analysis. Here, we assessed the psychometric properties of a novel Bahasa Malaysia translation of the BASES using an exploratory structural equation modelling (ESEM) framework. Malaysian adults (N = 1049) completed the BASES along with measures of body appreciation, psychological well-being, and secure non-striving. The results of exploratory factor analysis and ESEM in separate split-half subsamples supported a 2-dimensional model consisting of Shame-Guilt and Authentic-Hubristic Pride. This 2-dimensional model was broadly invariant across ethnicity, gender, and age, had adequate internal consistency, and evidenced adequate construct validity in relation to the Authenthic-Hubristic Pride subscale. We interpret our findings as consistent with the view that cultural factors shape the way in which body and appearance-related self-conscious emotions are manifested. Our results also highlight the importance of considering alternative conceptualisations of body and appearance-related self-conscious emotions, which previous studies may have obscured through their reliance on confirmatory factor analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viren Swami
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Christophe Maïano
- Cyberpsychology Laboratory and Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Saint-Jérôme, Canada
| | - Kah Yan Wong
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - David Barron
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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12
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Broda CR, Alonso-Gonzalez R, Ghanekar A, Gulamhusein A, McDonald M, Luk A, Kobulnik J, Billia F, Heggie J, Jariani M, Honjo O, Barron D, Hickey E, Roche SL. Fate of the liver in the survivors of adult heart transplant for a failing Fontan circulation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021; 41:283-286. [PMID: 34953719 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Fontan circulation has inherent long-term vulnerabilities such that adult Fontan patients now comprise the largest, most rapidly growing subgroup of adult congenital heart disease referred for transplant assessment. Almost all have Fontan Associated Liver Disease (FALD). There is an absence of mid to late hepatic outcome data after heart transplant alone. Therefore, we analyzed outcomes of survivors of heart only transplant in patients with failing Fontan circulation. Including all 10 of our adult Fontan patients surviving >1 year after isolated heart transplant, we report evolution of their clinical features, bloodwork, hemodynamic data, and liver ultrasound findings over a median of 4.7 years. Nonprogression of FALD, resolution of ascites and freedom from hepatocellular carcinoma in the mid-term highlight the outcomes in this selected group once normal cardiac output and venous pressures are established by heart transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R Broda
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Pediatric and Adult Congenital Heart Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Rafael Alonso-Gonzalez
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anand Ghanekar
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aliya Gulamhusein
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Toronto Centre for Liver Disease, Francis Family Liver Clinic, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael McDonald
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Adriana Luk
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeremy Kobulnik
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Filio Billia
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jane Heggie
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marjan Jariani
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Osami Honjo
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Barron
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edward Hickey
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Pediatric and Adult Congenital Heart Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine/Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
| | - Susan L Roche
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Barron D, Richards O, Archer F, Abdelrazek M, Ranjan R, Omolokun O. A cluster of children with facial nerve palsy in a high prevalence area for COVID-19. BMC Pediatr 2021; 21:470. [PMID: 34696766 PMCID: PMC8543426 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-02831-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 is a disease of varying presentation and neurological sequelae of the disease are being studied. Following a cluster of paediatric facial nerve palsy (FNP) cases in an area of South Wales with a high prevalence of COVID-19, we conducted an opportunistic study to determine whether there has been an increase of incidence of FNP and if there is an association between the FNP and COVID-19 in children. METHODS We performed a retrospective review of the incidence of FNP between 2015 and 2020 across two hospitals within the health board. The incidence was compared with that in 2020 including a cluster of six children in 14 weeks, presenting to Royal Glamorgan Hospital between June and October. RESULTS There were 48 cases of children with FNP across both hospital within the study years. Seven (7) cases in 2020. The incidence was not statistically different in comparison to other years. Five out of six of these children in 2020 had antibody testing for COVID-19. All serology testing (100%) returned negative for SARS-CoV- 2 antibodies. CONCLUSIONS In high prevalence area for COVID-19, cases of children with FNP have not shown a commensurate increase. we have found no causal link between COVID-19 and FNP in children. While this is a small study, larger cohort studies are needed to support this finding. As new strains of COVID-19 are being reported in UK, South Africa and Brazil, physicians need to continue to be vigilant for consistent pattern of signs and symptoms, especially in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Barron
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XW UK
| | - Owen Richards
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XW UK
| | - Fleur Archer
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XW UK
| | | | - Rajesh Ranjan
- Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board, Paediatrics department, Royal Glamorgan Hospital, Ynysmaerdy, UK
| | - Omotakin Omolokun
- Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board, Paediatrics department, Royal Glamorgan Hospital, Ynysmaerdy, UK
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14
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Amir T, Alraddadi H, Barron D, Honjo O. Outcomes of balloon valvuloplasty versus surgical valvotomy in congenital aortic stenosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Cardiology Congenital Heart Disease 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcchd.2021.100243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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15
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Geller S, Handelzalts JE, Levy S, Barron D, Swami V. Self-compassion mediates the relationship between attachment anxiety and body appreciation in women and men: Evidence from Israel. Personality and Individual Differences 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2021.110912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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16
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Swami V, Todd J, Barron D, Wong KY, Zahari HS, Tylka TL. The Body Acceptance by Others Scale-2 (BAOS-2): Psychometric properties of a Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) translation and an assessment of invariance across Malaysia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Body Image 2021; 38:346-357. [PMID: 34091281 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2021.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The Body Acceptance by Others Scale-2 (BAOS-2) is a 13-item instrument measuring generalised perceptions of body acceptance by others. Here, we first demonstrate that a Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) translation of the BAOS-2 is psychometrically valid in a sample of 1,049 Malaysian adults (Study 1). Using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, we extracted a unidimensional model of BAOS-2 scores that retained all 13 items. BAOS-2 scores had adequate internal consistency and indices of validity (convergent, construct, concurrent, and incremental), and were scalar invariant across gender and ethnicity (Malaysian Malays vs. Chinese). Next, we assessed invariance of BAOS-2 scores across samples from Malaysia, the United Kingdom, and the United States (total N = 2,575; Study 2). Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis showed that partial scalar invariance was achieved. Participants in the interdependent cultural context of Malaysia had significantly higher scores - with small effect sizes - than their counterparts in the independent contexts of the United Kingdom and United States. In addition, women had significantly higher scores than men, but the effect size was negligible. The present study indicates that the Malay BAOS-2 is a psychometrically valid instrument and presents the first comparison of BAOS-2 scores across interdependent and independent contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viren Swami
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Jennifer Todd
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - David Barron
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kah Yan Wong
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Tracy L Tylka
- Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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Swami V, Barron D. Rational thinking style, rejection of coronavirus (COVID-19) conspiracy theories/theorists, and compliance with mandated requirements. Journal of Pacific Rim Psychology 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/18344909211037385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Faced with the threat posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, many nations have mandated sets of requirements, such as social-distancing measures. However, compliance with such measures is likely to be shaped by a range of factors. Here, we proposed and tested a mediation model in which rejection of COVID-19 conspiracy theories and/or theorists mediates the relationship between rational thinking style and compliance with mandated requirements. An online, nationally representative sample of the adult population in the United Kingdom ( N = 520) completed a previously validated measure of rational thinking style, as well as novel measures of rejection of COVID-19 conspiracy theories/theorists and compliance with mandated requirements. Intercorrelations between scores on all three measures were significant and positive. Mediation analysis indicated that rational thinking style and rejection of COVID-19 conspiracy theories/theorists, respectively, were directly associated with compliance, and that the mediated association was also significant. These results may have implications for practical policy aimed at promoting greater compliance with mandated requirements, including social distancing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viren Swami
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - David Barron
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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18
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Barron D, Richards O, Archer F, Abdelrazek M, Ranjan R, Omolokun O. A Cluster of Children with Facial Nerve Palsy in High Prevalence Area for COVID-19. Public Health Pract (Oxf) 2021:100173. [PMID: 34396357 PMCID: PMC8349358 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhip.2021.100173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES COVID-19 is a disease of varying presentation and neurological sequelae of the disease are being studied. Following a cluster of paediatric facial nerve palsy (FNP) cases in an area of South Wales with a high prevalence of COVID-19, we conducted an opportunistic study to determine whether there has been an increase in incidence of FNP and if there is an association between the FNP and COVID-19 in children. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective cohort study. Using the case series from 2020 and comparing it with previous years. METHODS We reviewed the incidence of FNP between 2015-2020 across two hospitals within the health board. The incidence was compared with that in 2020 including a cluster of six children in 14 weeks, presenting to the Royal Glamorgan Hospital between June and October. RESULTS There were 48 cases of children with FNP across both hospital within the study years. Seven (7) cases in 2020. The incidence was not statistically different in comparison to other years.Five out of six of these children in 2020 had antibody testing for COVID-19. All serology testing (100%) returned negative for SARS-CoV- 2 antibodies.In high prevalence area for COVID-19, cases of children with FNP have not shown a commensurate increase. we have found no causal link between COVID-19 and FNP in children. While this is a small study, larger cohort studies are needed to support this finding. CONCLUSION As new strains of COVID-19 are being reported in UK, South Africa and Brazil, physicians need to continue to be vigilant for consistent pattern of signs and symptoms, especially in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Barron
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Owen Richards
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Fleur Archer
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | | | - Rajesh Ranjan
- Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board, Paediatrics Department, Royal Glamorgan Hospital, Ynysmaerdy, United Kingdom
| | - Omotakin Omolokun
- Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board, Paediatrics Department, Royal Glamorgan Hospital, Ynysmaerdy, United Kingdom
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Swami V, Todd J, Barron D. Translation and validation of body image instruments: An addendum to Swami and Barron (2019) in the form of frequently asked questions. Body Image 2021; 37:214-224. [PMID: 33725653 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Test adaptation - the translation and validation of source instruments for use in new social identity groups - plays a vital role in body image research. Previously, Swami and Barron (2019) developed a set of good practice recommendations and reporting guidelines for the test adaptation of body image instruments. However, a number of issues in that article were not covered in depth and new issues have emerged as a result of developments in theory and practice. Here, we offer an addendum to Swami and Barron in the form of frequently asked questions. Issues discussed in this article include various methods for achieving good translations, the appropriateness of revising instrument components prior to empirical analyses, determining the number of factors to extract in exploratory factor analyses (EFA), and the usefulness of EFA versus confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) in determining factorial validity. We also cover methods of analyses that have been infrequently utilised by body image scholars, including exploratory structural equation modelling (ESEM), bifactor model analyses, and various methods for establish measurement invariance. When read as an addendum to Swami and Barron, we hope this article helps to clarify issues of importance for body image researchers interested in conducting test adaptation work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viren Swami
- School of Psychology and Sports Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Jennifer Todd
- School of Psychology and Sports Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - David Barron
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Swami V, Todd J, Goian C, Tudorel O, Barron D, Vintilă M. Psychometric properties of a Romanian translation of the Functionality Appreciation Scale (FAS). Body Image 2021; 37:138-147. [PMID: 33676303 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2021.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Functionality Appreciation Scale (FAS; Alleva et al., 2017) is a 7-item measure of an individual's appreciation of their body for what it can do and is capable of doing. Although the instrument is increasingly used in interventionist studies, its psychometric properties have been infrequently investigated outside Anglophone populations. Here, we examined psychometric properties of a novel Romanian translation of the FAS. An online sample of 959 Romanian adults (18-73 years old) completed the Romanian FAS, and validated measures of positive body image (body appreciation), negative body image (weight discrepancy in women, drive for muscularity in men), eating disorder symptomatology, and psychological well-being (self-esteem, gratitude). Exploratory factor analyses led to the extraction of a 1-dimensional model of FAS scores, which we confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis. FAS scores achieved scalar invariance across sex, but the sex difference in latent FAS scores did not reach significance (d = 0.15). FAS scores had adequate internal consistency and test-retest reliability up to four weeks, and further analyses provided evidence of convergent, construct, and incremental validity. These results support the psychometric properties of the Romanian FAS and present evidence of the importance of functionality appreciation in relation to healthier body image and psychological well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viren Swami
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Jennifer Todd
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Cosmin Goian
- Department of Social Work, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Otilia Tudorel
- Department of Psychology, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania
| | - David Barron
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mona Vintilă
- Department of Psychology, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania
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Affiliation(s)
- David Barron
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5G 1X8.
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Yoo SJ, Hussein N, Peel B, Coles J, van Arsdell GS, Honjo O, Haller C, Lam CZ, Seed M, Barron D. 3D Modeling and Printing in Congenital Heart Surgery: Entering the Stage of Maturation. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:621672. [PMID: 33614554 PMCID: PMC7892770 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.621672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
3D printing allows the most realistic perception of the surgical anatomy of congenital heart diseases without the requirement of physical devices such as a computer screen or virtual headset. It is useful for surgical decision making and simulation, hands-on surgical training (HOST) and cardiovascular morphology teaching. 3D-printed models allow easy understanding of surgical morphology and preoperative surgical simulation. The most common indications for its clinical use include complex forms of double outlet right ventricle and transposition of the great arteries, anomalous systemic and pulmonary venous connections, and heterotaxy. Its utility in congenital heart surgery is indisputable, although it is hard to "scientifically" prove the impact of its use in surgery because of many confounding factors that contribute to the surgical outcome. 3D-printed models are valuable resources for morphology teaching. Educational models can be produced for almost all different variations of congenital heart diseases, and replicated in any number. HOST using 3D-printed models enables efficient education of surgeons in-training. Implementation of the HOST courses in congenital heart surgical training programs is not an option but an absolute necessity. In conclusion, 3D printing is entering the stage of maturation in its use for congenital heart surgery. It is now time for imagers and surgeons to find how to effectively utilize 3D printing and how to improve the quality of the products for improved patient outcomes and impact of education and training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Joon Yoo
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics–Division of Cardiology, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Center for Image Guided Innovation and Therapeutic Intervention, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nabil Hussein
- Center for Image Guided Innovation and Therapeutic Intervention, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery-Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brandon Peel
- Center for Image Guided Innovation and Therapeutic Intervention, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - John Coles
- Department of Surgery-Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Glen S. van Arsdell
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Surgery, Mattel Children's Hospital at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Osami Honjo
- Department of Surgery-Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christoph Haller
- Department of Surgery-Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher Z. Lam
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mike Seed
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Paediatrics–Division of Cardiology, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David Barron
- Department of Surgery-Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, The University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Barron D, Guariento A. Commentary: Lateral tunnel or extracardiac conduit for a Fontan operation: Is that your final answer? J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 162:1835-1836. [PMID: 33514469 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.12.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Barron
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Labatt Family Heart Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Alvise Guariento
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Labatt Family Heart Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Hudson E, Brown K, Pagel C, Wray J, Barron D, Rodrigues W, Stoica S, Tibby SM, Tsang V, Ridout D, Morris S. Costs of postoperative morbidity following paediatric cardiac surgery: observational study. Arch Dis Child 2020; 105:1068-1074. [PMID: 32381518 PMCID: PMC7588404 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2019-318499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Early mortality rates for paediatric cardiac surgery have fallen due to advancements in care. Alternative indicators of care quality are needed. Postoperative morbidities are of particular interest. However, while health impacts have been reported, associated costs are unknown. Our objective was to calculate the costs of postoperative morbidities following paediatric cardiac surgery. DESIGN Two methods of data collection were integrated into the main study: (1) case-matched cohort study of children with and without predetermined morbidities; (2) incidence rates of morbidity, measured prospectively. SETTING Five specialist paediatric cardiac surgery centres, accounting for half of UK patients. PATIENTS Cohort study included 666 children (340 with morbidities). Incidence rates were measured in 3090 consecutive procedures. METHODS Risk-adjusted regression modelling to determine marginal effects of morbidities on per-patient costs. Calculation of costs for hospital providers according to incidence rates. Extrapolation using mandatory audit data to report annual financial burden for the health service. OUTCOME MEASURES Impact of postoperative morbidities on per-patient costs, hospital costs and UK health service costs. RESULTS Seven of the 10 morbidity categories resulted in significant costs, with mean (95% CI) additional costs ranging from £7483 (£3-£17 289) to £66 784 (£40 609-£103 539) per patient. On average all morbidities combined increased hospital costs by 22.3%. Total burden to the UK health service exceeded £21 million each year. CONCLUSION Postoperative morbidities are associated with a significant financial burden. Our findings could aid clinical teams and hospital providers to account for costs and contextualise quality improvement initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Hudson
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Katherine Brown
- Cardiorespiratory Division, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Christina Pagel
- Clinical Operational Research Unit, University College of London, London, UK,Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Jo Wray
- Cardiorespiratory Division, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - David Barron
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Warren Rodrigues
- Paediatric Intensive care Unit, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde Inverclyde Royal Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Serban Stoica
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Shane M Tibby
- Department of Paediatric Intensive Care, Evelina Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Victor Tsang
- Cardiorespiratory Division, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Deborah Ridout
- Paediatric Epidemiology Biostatistics, Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Stephen Morris
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Guariento A, Honjo O, Barron D, Haller C. MINIMALLY INVASIVE RIGHT POSTEROLATERAL MINI-THORACOTOMY IN PEDIATRIC CARDIAC SURGERY. Can J Cardiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2020.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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26
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Swami V, Barron D, Todd J, Horne G, Furnham A. Nature exposure and positive body image: (Re-)examining the mediating roles of connectedness to nature and trait mindfulness. Body Image 2020; 34:201-208. [PMID: 32604023 PMCID: PMC7320863 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported a significant association between nature exposure and positive body image, but understandings of the mechanisms that help to explain this link remain nascent. Here, we considered the extent to which trait mindfulness and connectedness to nature, respectively, mediate the aforementioned relationship both in parallel and serially. An online sample of 398 participants (199 women, 196 men, 3 other; age M = 28.1 years) from the United Kingdom completed measures of self-reported nature exposure, mindful awareness and acceptance, connectedness to nature, and body appreciation. Results indicated that inter-correlations between scores on all measures were significant and positive. Following the elimination of non-significant pathways, path analysis resulted in an adequately-fitting model in which the direct relationship between nature exposure and body appreciation was significant. In addition, connectedness to nature - but not trait mindfulness - significantly mediated the direct relationship. Finally, we also found evidence of a serial mediation, where the association between nature exposure and body appreciation was mediated by mindful awareness followed by connectedness to nature. The implications of these results for scholarly and practitioner understanding of the impact of nature exposure on positive body image are discussed in conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viren Swami
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - David Barron
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Jennifer Todd
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - George Horne
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian Furnham
- Department of Leadership and Organizational Behaviour, Norwegian Business School, Oslo, Norway
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Todd J, Aspell JE, Barron D, Toh EKL, Zahari HS, Mohd Khatib NA, Laughton R, Swami V. Greater gastric interoception is associated with more positive body image: Evidence from adults in Malaysia and the United Kingdom. Body Image 2020; 34:101-111. [PMID: 32512525 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Gastric interoception refers to the processing of sensory stimuli originating in the gut. Previous research has found that gastric interoception (measured using a water load task) is associated with drive for thinness in young Western women. However, associations with broader facets of body image and in diverse national groups have not been previously investigated. To address these issues, we asked samples of adults in the United Kingdom (UK; N = 91, women n = 54) and Malaysia (N = 100, women n = 50) to complete a 2-stage water load task (WLT) and measures of positive body image (i.e., body appreciation, functionality appreciation). The results indicated that a greater change in the intensity of self-reported WLT-related sensations was associated with significantly higher body appreciation and functionality appreciation after accounting for gender identity, body mass index, and national group. Behavioural performance on the WLT was significantly associated with body appreciation and functionality appreciation for the Malaysian sample, but not the UK adults, after accounting for gender identity and body mass index. These findings extend previous research by demonstrating that there are significant associations between facets of gastric interoception and previously unexplored facets of body image in both Western and non-Western settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Todd
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Jane E Aspell
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - David Barron
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia
| | | | - Hanoor Syahirah Zahari
- Centre for Healthy Aging and Wellness, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Ryan Laughton
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Viren Swami
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK; Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia
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28
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Adachi S, Aguilar Faúndez MAO, Akiba Y, Ali A, Arnold K, Baccigalupi C, Barron D, Beck D, Bianchini F, Borrill J, Carron J, Cheung K, Chinone Y, Crowley K, El Bouhargani H, Elleflot T, Errard J, Fabbian G, Feng C, Fujino T, Goeckner-Wald N, Hasegawa M, Hazumi M, Hill CA, Howe L, Katayama N, Keating B, Kikuchi S, Kusaka A, Lee AT, Leon D, Linder E, Lowry LN, Matsuda F, Matsumura T, Minami Y, Namikawa T, Navaroli M, Nishino H, Peloton J, Pham ATP, Poletti D, Puglisi G, Reichardt CL, Segawa Y, Sherwin BD, Silva-Feaver M, Siritanasak P, Stompor R, Tajima O, Takatori S, Tanabe D, Teply GP, Vergès C. Internal Delensing of Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization B-Modes with the POLARBEAR Experiment. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:131301. [PMID: 32302154 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.131301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Using only cosmic microwave background polarization data from the polarbear experiment, we measure B-mode polarization delensing on subdegree scales at more than 5σ significance. We achieve a 14% B-mode power variance reduction, the highest to date for internal delensing, and improve this result to 22% by applying for the first time an iterative maximum a posteriori delensing method. Our analysis demonstrates the capability of internal delensing as a means of improving constraints on inflationary models, paving the way for the optimal analysis of next-generation primordial B-mode experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Adachi
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - M A O Aguilar Faúndez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
- Departamento de Física, FCFM, Universidad de Chile, Blanco Encalada 2008, Santiago, Chile
| | - Y Akiba
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Shonan Village, Hayama, Kanagawa 240-0193, Japan
| | - A Ali
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K Arnold
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - C Baccigalupi
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
- Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe (IFPU), Via Beirut 2, 34014 Trieste, Italy
- National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), via Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - D Barron
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - D Beck
- AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC), Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Obs de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75013 Paris, France
| | - F Bianchini
- School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia
| | - J Borrill
- Computational Cosmology Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Carron
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - K Cheung
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y Chinone
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU, WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Berkeley Satellite, the University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K Crowley
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - H El Bouhargani
- AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC), Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Obs de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75013 Paris, France
| | - T Elleflot
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - J Errard
- AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC), Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Obs de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75013 Paris, France
| | - G Fabbian
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - C Feng
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1110 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - T Fujino
- Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - N Goeckner-Wald
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Hasegawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - M Hazumi
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Shonan Village, Hayama, Kanagawa 240-0193, Japan
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU, WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0222, Japan
| | - C A Hill
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - L Howe
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - N Katayama
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU, WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - B Keating
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - S Kikuchi
- Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 240-8501, Japan
| | - A Kusaka
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), Berkeley Satellite, the University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Physics, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Research Center for the Early Universe, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - A T Lee
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Radio Astronomy Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D Leon
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - E Linder
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - L N Lowry
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - F Matsuda
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU, WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - T Matsumura
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU, WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - Y Minami
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - T Namikawa
- DAMTP, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0WA, United Kingdom
| | - M Navaroli
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - H Nishino
- Research Center for the Early Universe, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - J Peloton
- Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - A T P Pham
- School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia
| | - D Poletti
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
- Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe (IFPU), Via Beirut 2, 34014 Trieste, Italy
- National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), via Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - G Puglisi
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - C L Reichardt
- School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Y Segawa
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Shonan Village, Hayama, Kanagawa 240-0193, Japan
| | - B D Sherwin
- Kavli Institute for Cosmology Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 OHA, United Kingdom
| | - M Silva-Feaver
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - P Siritanasak
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - R Stompor
- AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC), Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Obs de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75013 Paris, France
| | - O Tajima
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - S Takatori
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Shonan Village, Hayama, Kanagawa 240-0193, Japan
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - D Tanabe
- SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Shonan Village, Hayama, Kanagawa 240-0193, Japan
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - G P Teply
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - C Vergès
- AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC), Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS/IN2P3, CEA/Irfu, Obs de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75013 Paris, France
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29
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Todd J, Barron D, Aspell JE, Toh EKL, Zahari HS, Khatib NAM, Swami V. Translation and validation of a Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) version of the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA). PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231048. [PMID: 32236136 PMCID: PMC7112205 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The 32-item Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA) is a widely-used measure of multidimensional interoception. In the present study, we examined the psychometric properties of a Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) translation of the MAIA. METHODS An online sample of 815 Malaysian Malays (women n = 403) completed a novel translation of the MAIA. Validated measures of trait mindfulness and self-esteem were also completed to facilitate a preliminary assessment of convergent validity. RESULTS Exploratory factor analysis indicated that the MAIA items reduced to a 19-item, 3-factor model. The 3-factor model was further tested using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) alongside the parent 8-factor model. Both models had good fit on some indices, but less-than-ideal fit on other indices. The 3-factor model evidenced comparatively better fit, with fit indices being adequate following modification. Multi-group CFA indicated both the 3-factor model and the 8-factor model had full strict invariance across sex. However, evidence for construct and convergent validity was mixed. CONCLUSIONS Overall the 3-dimensional Malay MAIA was demonstrated to be both internally consistent and invariant across sex, but further evidence of construct and convergent validity is required. Issues that affect the dimensionality of MAIA scores in the present and extant work are discussed in conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Todd
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David Barron
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Jane E. Aspell
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Viren Swami
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia
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30
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Swami V, Mohd. Khatib NA, Vidal-Mollón J, Vintila M, Barron D, Goian C, Mayoral O, Toh EKL, Tudorel O, Vazirani S, Zahari HS. Visits to Natural Environments Improve State Body Appreciation: Evidence from Malaysia, Romania, and Spain. Ecopsychology 2020. [DOI: 10.1089/eco.2019.0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Viren Swami
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia
| | | | - Jose Vidal-Mollón
- Department of Research Methods and Diagnosis in Education, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mona Vintila
- Department of Psychology, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania
| | - David Barron
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Cosmin Goian
- Department of Social Work, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Olga Mayoral
- Department of Experimental and Social Sciences Teaching, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Jardí Botànic de la Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Otilia Tudorel
- Department of Psychology, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Simran Vazirani
- Department of Research Methods and Diagnosis in Education, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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31
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Swami V, Tran US, Barron D, Afhami R, Aimé A, Almenara CA, Alp Dal N, Amaral ACS, Andrianto S, Anjum G, Argyrides M, Atari M, Aziz M, Banai B, Borowiec J, Brewis A, Cakir Kocak Y, Campos JADB, Carmona C, Chaleeraktrakoon T, Chen H, Chobthamkit P, Choompunuch B, Constantinos T, Crumlish A, Cruz JE, Dalley SE, Damayanti D, Dare J, Donofrio SM, Draksler A, Escasa-Dorne M, Fernandez EF, Ferreira MEC, Frederick DA, García AA, Geller S, George A, Ghazieh L, Goian C, Gorman C, Grano C, Handelzalts JE, Horsburgh H, Jackson T, Javela Delgado LGJ, Jović M, Jović M, Kantanista A, Kertechian SK, Kessels L, Król-Zielińska M, Kuan G, Kueh YC, Kumar S, Kvalem IL, Lombardo C, Luis López Almada E, Maïano C, Manjary M, Massar K, Matera C, Mereiles JFF, Meskó N, Namatame H, Nerini A, Neto F, Neto J, Neves AN, Ng SK, Nithiya DR, Omar SS, Omori M, Panasiti MS, Pavela Banai I, Pila E, Pokrajac-Bulian A, Postuvan V, Prichard I, Razmus M, Sabiston CM, Sahlan RN, Sarfo JO, Sawamiya Y, Stieger S, SturtzSreetharan C, Tee E, Ten Hoor GA, Thongpibul K, Tipandjan A, Tudorel O, Tylka T, Vally Z, Vargas-Nieto JC, Vega LD, Vidal-Mollón J, Vintila M, Williams D, Wutich A, Yamamiya Y, Zambrano D, Zanetti MC, Živčić-Bećirević I, Voracek M. The Breast Size Satisfaction Survey (BSSS): Breast size dissatisfaction and its antecedents and outcomes in women from 40 nations. Body Image 2020; 32:199-217. [PMID: 32032822 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The Breast Size Satisfaction Survey (BSSS) was established to assess women's breast size dissatisfaction and breasted experiences from a cross-national perspective. A total of 18,541 women were recruited from 61 research sites across 40 nations and completed measures of current-ideal breast size discrepancy, as well as measures of theorised antecedents (personality, Western and local media exposure, and proxies of socioeconomic status) and outcomes (weight and appearance dissatisfaction, breast awareness, and psychological well-being). In the total dataset, 47.5 % of women wanted larger breasts than they currently had, 23.2 % wanted smaller breasts, and 29.3 % were satisfied with their current breast size. There were significant cross-national differences in mean ideal breast size and absolute breast size dissatisfaction, but effect sizes were small (η2 = .02-.03). The results of multilevel modelling showed that greater Neuroticism, lower Conscientiousness, lower Western media exposure, greater local media exposure, lower financial security, and younger age were associated with greater breast size dissatisfaction across nations. In addition, greater absolute breast size dissatisfaction was associated with greater weight and appearance dissatisfaction, poorer breast awareness, and poorer psychological well-being across nations. These results indicate that breast size dissatisfaction is a global public health concern linked to women's psychological and physical well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viren Swami
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - Ulrich S Tran
- Department of Basic Psychological Research and Research Methods, School of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - David Barron
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Reza Afhami
- Department of Art Studies, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Annie Aimé
- Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Saint-Jérôme, Canada
| | - Carlos A Almenara
- Institute for Research on Children, Youth, and Family, Faculty of Social Studies, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Nursel Alp Dal
- Midwifery Department, Munzur University, Tunceli, Turkey
| | - Ana Carolina Soares Amaral
- Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Southeast Minas Gerais, São Barbacena, Brazil
| | - Sonny Andrianto
- Department of Psychology, Islamic University of Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Gulnaz Anjum
- Department of Social Sciences and Liberal Arts, Institute of Business Administration, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Marios Argyrides
- School of Health Sciences, Neapolis University Paphos, Paphos, Cyprus
| | - Mohammad Atari
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Mudassar Aziz
- Department of Social Sciences, Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Benjamin Banai
- Department of Psychology, University of Zadar, Zadar, Croatia
| | - Joanna Borowiec
- Department of Physical Education and Lifelong Sports, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Alexandra Brewis
- School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, United States
| | | | | | - Carmen Carmona
- Department of Research Methods and Diagnosis in Education, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Trawin Chaleeraktrakoon
- Division of Psychology, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand
| | - Hong Chen
- School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Phatthanakit Chobthamkit
- Division of Psychology, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand; School of Psychology, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom
| | - Bovornpot Choompunuch
- Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, Faculty of Education, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | - Aine Crumlish
- School of Psychology, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | | | - Simon E Dalley
- Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Devi Damayanti
- Department of Psychology, Ahmad Dahlan University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Joanna Dare
- Department of Psychology, Chapman University, Orange, United States
| | - Stacey M Donofrio
- Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Anja Draksler
- Slovene Centre for Suicide Research, Andrej Marusic Institute and Department of Psychology FAMNIT, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shulamit Geller
- School of Behavioral Sciences, Academic College of Tel-Aviv Yaffo, Yaffo, Israel
| | - Alexias George
- Department of Psychology, Panteion University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Louai Ghazieh
- Department of Human Resources, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Cosmin Goian
- Department of Social Work, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Colin Gorman
- School of Psychology, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Caterina Grano
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Heather Horsburgh
- School of Social Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Todd Jackson
- Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Taipa, China
| | | | - Marija Jović
- Department of Marketing Management and Public Relations, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko Jović
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Adam Kantanista
- Department of Physical Education and Lifelong Sports, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Loes Kessels
- Department of Work and Social Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Magdalena Król-Zielińska
- Department of Physical Education and Lifelong Sports, Poznań University of Physical Education, Poznań, Poland
| | - Garry Kuan
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Yee Cheng Kueh
- Unit of Biostatistics and Research Methodology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Psychology, D.A.V. College, Muzaffarnagar, India
| | | | | | | | - Christophe Maïano
- Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Saint-Jérôme, Canada
| | - Mandar Manjary
- Department of Psychology, D.A.V. College, Muzaffarnagar, India
| | - Karlijn Massar
- Department of Work and Social Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Camilla Matera
- Department of Education, Languages, Intercultures, Literatures, and Psychology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Norbert Meskó
- Department of General and Evolutionary Psychology, Institute of Psychology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Hikari Namatame
- Department of Psychology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Amanda Nerini
- Department of Education, Languages, Intercultures, Literatures, and Psychology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Felix Neto
- Department of Psychology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Neto
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Brasília, Taguatinga, Brazil
| | - Angela Nogueira Neves
- Division of Research, Physical Education College of the Brazilian Army, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Siu-Kuen Ng
- Physical Education Unit, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Devi R Nithiya
- Department of Physiology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeth, India
| | - Salma Samir Omar
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Andrology, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mika Omori
- Department of Psychology, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Maria Serena Panasiti
- Santa Lucia Foundation, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Eva Pila
- School of Kinesiology, University of Western Ontario, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alessandra Pokrajac-Bulian
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Vita Postuvan
- Slovene Centre for Suicide Research, Andrej Marusic Institute and Department of Psychology FAMNIT, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Ivanka Prichard
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Magdalena Razmus
- Institute of Psychology, Marie Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Catherine M Sabiston
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Reza N Sahlan
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jacob Owusu Sarfo
- Department of Nursing, All Nations University College, Koforidua, Ghana
| | - Yoko Sawamiya
- Department of Psychology, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Stefan Stieger
- Department of Psychology and Psychodynamics, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria; Department of Psychology, Research Methods, Assessment, and iScience, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Cindi SturtzSreetharan
- School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, United States
| | - Eugene Tee
- Department of Psychology, HELP University, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | - Gill A Ten Hoor
- Department of Work and Social Psychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Kulvadee Thongpibul
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Arun Tipandjan
- Indira Gandhi Government General Hospital and Postgraduate Institute, Puducherry, India
| | - Otilia Tudorel
- Department of Psychology, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Tracy Tylka
- Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, Columbus, United States
| | - Zahir Vally
- Department of Psychology and Counseling, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Luis Diego Vega
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Latina de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Jose Vidal-Mollón
- Department of Research Methods and Diagnosis in Education, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mona Vintila
- Department of Psychology, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Deborah Williams
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, United States
| | - Amber Wutich
- School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, United States
| | - Yuko Yamamiya
- Department of Undergraduate Studies, Temple University Japan, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Danilo Zambrano
- Department of Psychology, Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lonrez, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Ivanka Živčić-Bećirević
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Martin Voracek
- Department of Basic Psychological Research and Research Methods, School of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Swami V, Todd J, Zahari HS, Mohd Khatib NA, Toh EKL, Barron D. Dimensional structure, psychometric properties, and sex and ethnic invariance of a Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) translation of the Intuitive Eating Scale-2 (IES-2). Body Image 2020; 32:167-179. [PMID: 31981992 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The Intuitive Eating Scale-2 (IES-2; Tylka & Kroon Van Diest, 2013) is a widely-used measure of facets of intuitive eating. We examined the psychometric properties of a Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) translation of the IES-2 in a sample of Malaysian Malay and Chinese adults (N = 921). Participants completed a Malay translation of the IES-2 along with demographic items and measures of psychological well-being, positive and negative body image, and internalisation of appearance ideals. Exploratory factor analyses (EFAs) with Malay subsamples indicated that IES-2 scores reduced to 4 factors in women and 3 in men, both of which diverged from the parent model. Confirmatory factor analysis failed to confirm the parent 4-factor model, and indices for the EFA-derived models were acceptable but not ideal. Of the models tested, the EFA-derived 3-factor model had the best fit indices. Scores on this model had adequate internal consistency and were invariant across sex and ethnicity, but between-group differences in subscale scores were non-significant or negligible. Evidence of the construct validity of Malay IES-2 scores was mixed, particularly in men. These results lead us to question the degree to which intuitive eating as a construct is applicable to Malaysian populations specifically and non-Western populations generally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viren Swami
- Division of Psychology, School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK; Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - Jennifer Todd
- Division of Psychology, School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | - David Barron
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia
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Swami V, Barron D, Hari R, Grover S, Smith L, Furnham A. The Nature of Positive Body Image: Examining Associations Between Nature Exposure, Self-Compassion, Functionality Appreciation, and Body Appreciation. Ecopsychology 2019. [DOI: 10.1089/eco.2019.0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Viren Swami
- Division of Psychology, School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - David Barron
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Ranjeev Hari
- School of Data Sciences, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Simmy Grover
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lee Smith
- Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Adrian Furnham
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia
- Department of Leadership and Organizational Behaviour, Norwegian Business School, Oslo, Norway
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Todd J, Aspell JE, Barron D, Swami V. An exploration of the associations between facets of interoceptive awareness and body image in adolescents. Body Image 2019; 31:171-180. [PMID: 31654981 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Previous research suggests that lower interoceptive awareness is associated with more negative body image during adolescence. However, studies have not distinguished between adaptive and maladaptive modes of attention toward interoceptive signals, and relationships between interoceptive awareness and positive body image remain unexplored. To address these issues, a sample of 265 British adolescents (140 girls, 125 boys) aged 13-16 years completed measures of interoceptive awareness, body appreciation, functionality appreciation, body pride, body shame, and body surveillance. Correlational analyses broadly indicated that greater interoceptive awareness was significantly associated with more positive body image. Multiple regressions revealed significant predictive relationships between interoceptive awareness and all facets of body image in both girls and boys, except body surveillance, which was not statistically significant for girls. At the univariate level, the interoceptive awareness facets of Attention Regulation, Body Listening, Self-Regulation, and Trusting emerged as significant predictors for at least one facet of positive body image, whilst the Noticing and Emotional Awareness facets did not. These findings broadly align with previous research with adults, which has indicated that the way interoceptive stimuli are appraised and responded to might be more closely associated with facets of body image than the tendency to notice interoceptive stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Todd
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Jane E Aspell
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - David Barron
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Viren Swami
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK; Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia
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Swami V, Barron D. Translation and validation of body image instruments: Challenges, good practice guidelines, and reporting recommendations for test adaptation. Body Image 2019; 31:204-220. [PMID: 30220631 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2018.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Body image research has grown rapidly to include new cultural and linguistic populations, but this gives rise to a need for measurement instruments that are sensitive to local contextual variations while remaining equivalent across groups. Test adaptation, or the translation and validation of a source instrument for use in a new cultural group, is an important part of this process. Here, we offer an operational framework for conducting effective test adaptation. We cover good-practice guidelines for instrument translation and suggest effective strategies for achieving semantic equivalence of translated instruments. We also focus on measurement invariance and provide good-practice and reporting guidelines for conducting exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Finally, we suggest good-practice guidelines for demonstrating that scores on translated measures have good reliability and validity. It is our hope that the availability of this article will assist body image scholars seeking to conduct robust test adaptations of existing measurement tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viren Swami
- School of Psychology and Sports Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - David Barron
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia
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McCreary D, Barron D, Swami V. Evaluating the Factor Structure and Construct Validity of the Intensions Health-Related Masculine Values Scale: Is It Really a Measure of Health-Related Masculine Values? IJMSCH 2019. [DOI: 10.22374/ijmsch.v2i1.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Intensions Health-Related Masculine Values Scale (IHRMVS) was recently developed to address the growing interest in examining the associations between strengths-based masculinity and men’s health. However, while the original development and validation work was promising, replication and extension of several aspects of the scale’s validity should be undertaken before the scale can be adopted for widespread use. Using a large sample of British men, aged 18-80 years, exploratory factor analyses revealed a single factor for both the original age grouping (18-29 years, n = 166) and an older group of men (? 30 years, n = 404), failing to replicate the two-factor structure proposed in the parent study. Additionally, correla-tions between scores on the IHRMVS and scores on a measure of traditional male role norms were mostly non-significant or very small. Similar findings emerged in our analyses of the associations between scores on the IHRMVS and indices of depression, anxiety, help-seeking attitudes, sleep disturbance, and smok-ing. These findings draw into question the utility of the IHRMVS as a measure of positive, health-related masculine values.
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Wood C, Barron D, Smyth N. The Current and Retrospective Intentional Nature Exposure Scales: Development and Factorial Validity. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:ijerph16224443. [PMID: 31726784 PMCID: PMC6888483 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16224443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Both nature exposure and green exercise (GE) can improve health. However, there are no scales examining frequency of engagement; or that consider interaction with nature. There are also no scales assessing these variables during childhood. The aim of this study was to develop a modified (NES-II) and retrospective (RNES-II) version of the Nature Exposure Scale to incorporate GE and to examine their factor structure and reliability. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) explored the factor structure of the scales; followed by confirmatory factor analysis to confirm the model fit. Fit indices for the one factor five item NES-II and RNES-II models identified by EFA were poor. Use of modification indices resulted in a good model fit; NES-II: χ(5, n = 385) = 2.638; χnormed = 0.879; CFI= 1.000; RMSEA < 0.001 with 90%CI = 0.000–0.082; SRMR = 0.009; AIC = 36.638. RNES-II: χ(2, n = 385) = 7.149; χnormed = 3.574; CFI = 0.995; RMSEA = 0.082 with 90%CI = 0.023–0.151; SRMR = 0.015; AIC = 43.149. Both models demonstrated very good reliability (α = 0.84; 89 respectively). These findings indicate that the scales can be used to assess current and retrospective nature exposure. However, due to the removal of item one, the authors recommend that the scales be named the ‘intentional nature exposure scale’ and ‘retrospective intentional nature exposure scale’.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carly Wood
- School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W6UW, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - David Barron
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Nina Smyth
- School of Social Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W6UW, UK;
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Matsuda F, Lowry L, Suzuki A, Aguilar Fáundez M, Arnold K, Barron D, Bianchini F, Cheung K, Chinone Y, Elleflot T, Fabbian G, Goeckner-Wald N, Hasegawa M, Kaneko D, Katayama N, Keating B, Lee AT, Navaroli M, Nishino H, Paar H, Puglisi G, Richards PL, Seibert J, Siritanasak P, Tajima O, Takatori S, Tsai C, Westbrook B. The POLARBEAR Fourier transform spectrometer calibrator and spectroscopic characterization of the POLARBEAR instrument. Rev Sci Instrum 2019; 90:115115. [PMID: 31779409 DOI: 10.1063/1.5095160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We describe the Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) used for in-field testing of the POLARBEAR receiver, an experiment located in the Atacama Desert of Chile which measures the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization. The POLARBEAR-FTS (PB-FTS) is a Martin-Puplett interferometer designed to couple to the Huan Tran Telescope (HTT) on which the POLARBEAR receiver is installed. The PB-FTS measured the spectral response of the POLARBEAR receiver with signal-to-noise ratio >20 for ∼69% of the focal plane detectors due to three features: a high throughput of 15.1 sr cm2, optimized optical coupling to the POLARBEAR optics using a custom designed output parabolic mirror, and a continuously modulated output polarizer. The PB-FTS parabolic mirror is designed to mimic the shape of the 2.5 m-diameter HTT primary reflector, which allows for optimum optical coupling to the POLARBEAR receiver, reducing aberrations and systematics. One polarizing grid is placed at the output of the PB-FTS and modulated via continuous rotation. This modulation allows for decomposition of the signal into different harmonics that can be used to probe potentially pernicious sources of systematic error in a polarization-sensitive instrument. The high throughput and continuous output polarizer modulation features are unique compared to other FTS calibrators used in the CMB field. In-field characterization of the POLARBEAR receiver was accomplished using the PB-FTS in April 2014. We discuss the design, construction, and operation of the PB-FTS and present the spectral characterization of the POLARBEAR receiver. We introduce future applications for the PB-FTS in the next-generation CMB experiment, the Simons Array.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Matsuda
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study,The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - L Lowry
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - A Suzuki
- Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Aguilar Fáundez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - K Arnold
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - D Barron
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - F Bianchini
- School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - K Cheung
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y Chinone
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study,The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - T Elleflot
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - G Fabbian
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - N Goeckner-Wald
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Hasegawa
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - D Kaneko
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study,The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - N Katayama
- Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study,The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan
| | - B Keating
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - A T Lee
- Physics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Navaroli
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - H Nishino
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - H Paar
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - G Puglisi
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - P L Richards
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Seibert
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - P Siritanasak
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - O Tajima
- Department of Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - S Takatori
- High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - C Tsai
- Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, California 92093-0424, USA
| | - B Westbrook
- Radio Astronomy Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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Swami V, Todd J, Aspell JE, Mohd Khatib NA, Toh EKL, Zahari HS, Barron D. Translation and validation of a Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) version of the Functionality Appreciation Scale. Body Image 2019; 30:114-120. [PMID: 31238276 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The Functionality Appreciation Scale (FAS; Alleva et al., 2017) is a 7-item measure of an individual's appreciation of their body for what it can do and is capable of doing. To date, its psychometric properties have not been examined beyond the parent study and outside English-speaking samples. To rectify this, we examined the psychometric properties of a Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) translation of the FAS. An online sample of 815 Malaysia citizens completed a Malay translation of the FAS, along with validated measures of body appreciation, weight discrepancy, drive for muscularity, perceived pressure from and internalisation of appearance ideals, self-esteem, and trait mindfulness. Exploratory factor analyses supported a 1-dimensional factor structure of FAS scores, which was upheld using confirmatory factor analysis. FAS scores were also invariant across sex and there was no significant sex difference in scores. Construct validity was generally supported through significant associations with the additional measures included in the study. Incremental validity was also established insofar as functionality appreciation predicted self-esteem over-and-above the variance accounted for by other body image measures. The availability of the Malay FAS will be of use to scholars in Malaysia, but establishing cross-linguistic invariance will be an important next step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viren Swami
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK; Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - Jennifer Todd
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jane E Aspell
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | - David Barron
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia
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Todd J, Aspell JE, Barron D, Swami V. Multiple dimensions of interoceptive awareness are associated with facets of body image in British adults. Body Image 2019; 29:6-16. [PMID: 30771695 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Previous research has identified a relationship between interoception and body image, where lower interoceptive awareness (IA) is associated with negative body image. However, relationships between facets of interoception and positive body image remain unexplored, and men and older adults remain underrepresented. To overcome these limitations, we assessed relationships between multiple dimensions of interoceptive awareness (IA) and multiple facets of body image in community adults. An online sample of 646 British adults (447 women) aged 18-76 years completed the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA), the Body Appreciation Scale-2, the Functionality Appreciation Scale, the Authentic Pride subscale from the Body and Appearance Self-Conscious Emotions Scale, and the Appearance Orientation and Overweight Preoccupation subscales from the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire. Hierarchical regressions revealed significant predictive relationships between IA and all five facets of body image after controlling for sex, body mass index, and age. In the final models, the MAIA subscales emerged as significant predictors for at least one facet of body image, with the exception of the MAIA Body Listening subscale. These findings extend previous work by demonstrating significant relationships between IA and previously unexplored facets of body image, which may hold promise for practitioner-based interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Todd
- School of Psychology and Sports Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Jane E Aspell
- School of Psychology and Sports Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - David Barron
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Viren Swami
- School of Psychology and Sports Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK; Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia
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Abstract
Background: Postnatal depression affects between 6 and 13% of new parents, but only a small proportion of individuals who meet diagnostic criteria receive optimal treatment. One reason for this is poor mental health literacy of postnatal depression.Aims: Studies have examined mental health literacy of maternal postnatal depression, but there are no similar studies of paternal postnatal depression, which we sought to rectify.Methods: A sample of 406 British adults was presented with vignettes describing cases of either maternal or paternal postnatal depression. Based on the vignettes, participants were asked to report if they thought anything was wrong with the targets and, if so, to describe what they thought was wrong. Participants also rated the targets on a range of attitudinal dimensions.Results: Participants were more likely to indicate that something was wrong when the target was female (97.0%) compared to male (75.9%). Of those who believed something was wrong, 90.1% of participants correctly described the female target as experiencing postnatal depression, but only 46.3% did so for the male target. Participants also held more positive attitudes toward the female target than the male target.Conclusions: There is a gender binary in symptom recognition of postnatal depression, which highlights the need for greater awareness of paternal postnatal depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viren Swami
- Division of Psychology, School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK.,Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - David Barron
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Lee Smith
- The Cambridge Centre for Sports and Exercise Sciences, Division of Sport Science, School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Adrian Furnham
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia.,Department of Leadership and Organizational Behavior, Norwegian Business School, Oslo, Norway
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42
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Simmons Z, Burlingame G, Korbanka J, Eastman K, Thomas D, Christensen J, Burton J, Barron D, Jenson M, Martin J, Kay D. 0908 Insomnia Symptoms Predict Suicide: Are Patients More Likely to Report Sleep Disturbance than Suicidal Ideation Before their Death? Sleep 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsz067.906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Douglas Thomas
- Utah Department of Human Services, Salt Lake CIty, UT, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Daniel Kay
- Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
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43
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Yadava OP, Barron D. Congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019; 35:259-260. [PMID: 33061022 DOI: 10.1007/s12055-018-0775-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries (ccTGA) may essentially present as two clinical phenotypes viz. with left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO), presenting as Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) physiology, or sans LVOTO, presenting with systemic ventricular dysfunction. The natural history and treatment, especially the role of pulmonary artery (PA) band, have been discussed.
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44
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Swami V, Todd J, Mohd Khatib NA, Toh EKL, Zahari HS, Barron D. Dimensional structure, psychometric properties, and sex invariance of a Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) translation of the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire-Appearance Scales (MBSRQ-AS) in Malaysian Malay adults. Body Image 2019; 28:81-92. [PMID: 30599288 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2018.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The 34-item Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire-Appearance Scales (MBSRQ-AS) is a widely-used measure of multidimensional body image. Here, we examined the psychometric properties of a Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) translation of the MBSRQ-AS. A sample of 629 Malaysian Malays (women n = 315) completed the MBSRQ-AS, as well as measures of body appreciation, psychological well-being, perceptions of appearance ideals, and internalisation of appearance ideals. Exploratory factor analysis indicated that the MBSRQ-AS items reduced to four dimensions, although one factor had less-than-adequate internal consistency. Omitting this factor resulted in a 23-item 3-factor solution, which we tested for fit using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) alongside the parent 5-factor model. CFA indicated that both models had good fit on some indices, but less-than-ideal fit on other indices, with the 3-factor model showing comparatively better fit. Multi-group CFA indicated that it was not possible to achieve scalar invariance across sex, but internal consistency coefficients were adequate. Evidence of construct validity, as assessed through correlations between MBSRQ-AS scores and additional measures, was mixed. We discuss reasons that complicate interpretation of the dimensionality of MBSRQ-AS scores in this and previous studies, and call for further research on this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viren Swami
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK; Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - Jennifer Todd
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | - David Barron
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia
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45
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Swami V, Mohd Khatib NA, Toh E, Zahari HS, Todd J, Barron D. Factor structure and psychometric properties of a Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) translation of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2). Body Image 2019; 28:66-75. [PMID: 30594001 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The 10-item Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) is a widely-used measure of a facet of positive body image. Here, we examined the psychometric properties of a Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) translation of the BAS-2 in a community sample of Malaysian Malay and Chinese adults (N = 781). Participants completed the Malay BAS-2 alongside demographic items and measures of subjective happiness, life satisfaction, actual-ideal weight discrepancy (women only), drive for muscularity (men only), and internalisation of appearance ideals. Exploratory factor analyses with a Malay subsample indicated that BAS-2 scores reduced to a single dimension with all 10 items in women and men, although the factor structure was similar but not identical across sex. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the one-dimensional factor structure had adequate fit following modifications. BAS-2 scores were partially scalar invariant across sex (with no significant sex differences) and ethnicity (Malay participants had significantly higher body appreciation than Chinese participants), as well as had adequate internal consistency. Evidence of construct and incremental validity was also provided through associations with additional measures and the prediction of subjective happiness over-and-above other variables, respectively. The availability of the Malay BAS-2 should help advance research on the body appreciation construct in Malay-speaking populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viren Swami
- Division of Psychology, School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK; Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia.
| | | | - Evelyn Toh
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia
| | | | - Jennifer Todd
- Division of Psychology, School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - David Barron
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia
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46
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Barron D, Voracek M, Tran US, Ong HS, Morgan KD, Towell T, Swami V. A reassessment of the higher-order factor structure of the German Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ-G) in German-speaking adults. Psychiatry Res 2018; 269:328-336. [PMID: 30173038 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.08.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) is a widely-used self-report instrument for the assessment of schizotypal personality traits. However, the factor structure of scores on English and non-English translations of the SPQ has been a matter of debate. With little previous factorial evaluation of the German version of the SPQ (SPQ-G), we re-assessed the higher-order factor structure of the measure. A total of 2,428 German-speaking adults from Central Europe (CE) and the United Kingdom (UK) completed the SPQ-G. Confirmatory factor analysis - testing proposed 2-, 3-, and 4-factor models of SPQ-G scores - indicated that the 4-factor solution had best fit. Partial measurement invariance across cultural group (CE and UK) and sex was obtained for the 4-factor model. Further analyses showed CE participants had significantly higher scores than UK participants on one schizotypal facet. These results suggest that scores on the SPQ-G are best explained in terms of a higher-order, 4-factor solution in German migrant and non-migrant adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Barron
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - Martin Voracek
- Department of Basic Psychological Research and Research Methods, School of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ulrich S Tran
- Department of Basic Psychological Research and Research Methods, School of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hui San Ong
- School of Data Sciences, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Kevin D Morgan
- Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, London, UK
| | - Tony Towell
- Department of Psychology, University of Westminster, London, UK
| | - Viren Swami
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia; Department of Psychology, Anglia Ruskin, Cambridge, UK
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47
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Pietzak EJ, Zabor EC, Bagrodia A, Armenia J, Hu W, Zehir A, Funt S, Audenet F, Barron D, Maamouri N, Li Q, Teo MY, Arcila ME, Berger MF, Schultz N, Dalbagni G, Herr HW, Bajorin DF, Rosenberg JE, Al-Ahmadie H, Bochner BH, Solit DB, Iyer G. Genomic Differences Between "Primary" and "Secondary" Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer as a Basis for Disparate Outcomes to Cisplatin-based Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy. Eur Urol 2018; 75:231-239. [PMID: 30290956 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by radical cystectomy (RC) is the standard of care for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). It is unknown whether this treatment strategy is appropriate for patients who progress to MIBC after treatment for prior noninvasive disease (secondary MIBC). OBJECTIVE To determine whether clinical and genomic differences exist between primary and secondary MIBC treated with NAC and RC. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Clinicopathologic outcomes were compared between 245 patients with clinical T2-4aN0M0-stage primary MIBC and 43 with secondary MIBC treated with NAC and RC at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) from 2001 to 2015. Genomic differences were assessed in a retrospective cohort of 385 prechemotherapy specimens sequenced by whole-exome or targeted exon capture by the Cancer Genome Atlas or at MSKCC. Findings were confirmed in an independent validation cohort of 94 MIBC patients undergoing prospective targeted exon sequencing at MSKCC. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Pathologic response rates, recurrence-free survival (RFS), bladder cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS) were measured. Differences in somatic genomic alteration rates were compared using Fisher's exact test and the Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate method. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS Patients with secondary MIBC had lower pathologic response rates following NAC than those with primary MIBC (univariable: 26% vs 45%, multivariable: odds ratio=0.4 [95% confidence interval=0.18-0.84] p=0.02) and significantly worse RFS, CSS, and OS. Patients with secondary MIBC treated with NAC had worse CSS compared with cystectomy alone (p=0.002). In a separate genomic analysis, we detected significantly more likely deleterious somatic ERCC2 missense mutations in primary MIBC tumors in both the discovery (10.9% [36/330] vs 1.8% [1/55], p=0.04) and the validation (15.7% [12/70] vs 0% [0/24], p=0.03) cohort. CONCLUSIONS Patients with secondary MIBC treated with NAC had worse clinical outcomes than similarly treated patients with primary MIBC. ERCC2 mutations predicted to result in increased cisplatin sensitivity were enriched in primary versus secondary MIBC. Prospective validation is still needed, but given the lack of clinical benefit with cisplatin-based NAC in patients with secondary MIBC, upfront RC or enrollment in clinical trials should be considered. PATIENT SUMMARY A retrospective cohort study of patients with "primary" and "secondary" muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) treated with chemotherapy before surgical removal of the bladder identified lower response rates and shorter survival in patients with secondary MIBC. Tumor genetic sequencing of separate discovery and validation cohorts revealed that chemotherapy-sensitizing DNA damage repair gene mutations occur predominantly in primary MIBC tumors and may underlie the greater sensitivity of primary MIBC to chemotherapy. Prospective validation is still needed, but patients with secondary MIBC may derive greater benefit from upfront surgery or enrollment in clinical trials rather than from standard chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene J Pietzak
- Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Emily C Zabor
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Aditya Bagrodia
- Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joshua Armenia
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Wenhuo Hu
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ahmet Zehir
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Samuel Funt
- Genitourinary Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Francois Audenet
- Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Barron
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Noelia Maamouri
- Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Qiang Li
- Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Min Yuen Teo
- Genitourinary Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria E Arcila
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michael F Berger
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nikolaus Schultz
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Guido Dalbagni
- Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Harry W Herr
- Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dean F Bajorin
- Genitourinary Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jonathan E Rosenberg
- Genitourinary Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hikmat Al-Ahmadie
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bernard H Bochner
- Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David B Solit
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Genitourinary Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gopa Iyer
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Genitourinary Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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Fonseca-Pedrero E, Ortuño-Sierra J, Lucas-Molina B, Debbané M, Chan RCK, Cicero DC, Zhang LC, Brenner C, Barkus E, Linscott RJ, Kwapil T, Barrantes-Vidal N, Cohen A, Raine A, Compton MT, Tone EB, Suhr J, Bobes J, Fumero A, Giakoumaki S, Tsaousis I, Preti A, Chmielewski M, Laloyaux J, Mechri A, Lahmar MA, Wuthrich V, Larøi F, Badcock JC, Jablensky A, Barron D, Swami V, Tran US, Voracek M. Brief assessment of schizotypal traits: A multinational study. Schizophr Res 2018; 197:182-191. [PMID: 29113776 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire-Brief (SPQ-B) was developed with the aim of examining variations in healthy trait schizotypy, as well as latent vulnerability to psychotic-spectrum disorders. No previous study has studied the cross-cultural validity of the SPQ-B in a large cross-national sample. The main goal of the present study was to analyze the reliability and the internal structure of SPQ-B scores in a multinational sample of 28,426 participants recruited from 14 countries. The mean age was 22.63years (SD=7.08; range 16-68years), 37.7% (n=10,711) were men. The omega coefficients were high, ranging from 0.86 to 0.92 for the total sample. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that SPQ-B items were grouped either in a theoretical structure of three first-order factors (Cognitive-Perceptual, Interpersonal, and Disorganized) or in a bifactor model (three first-order factors plus a general factor of schizotypal personality). In addition, the results supported configural but not strong measurement invariance of SPQ-B scores across samples. These findings provide new information about the factor structure of schizotypal personality, and support the validity and utility of the SPQ-B, a brief and easy tool for assessing self-reported schizotypal traits, in cross-national research. Theoretical and clinical implications for diagnostic systems, psychosis models, and cross-national mental health strategies are derived from these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Fonseca-Pedrero
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Oviedo, Spain.
| | | | - Beatriz Lucas-Molina
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Martin Debbané
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Raymond C K Chan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - David C Cicero
- Department of Psychology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Lisa C Zhang
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Colleen Brenner
- Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Emma Barkus
- School of Psychology, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | | | - Thomas Kwapil
- Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Neus Barrantes-Vidal
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alex Cohen
- Department of Psychology, Louisiana State University, Louisiana, LA, USA
| | - Adrian Raine
- Departments of Criminology, Psychiatry,and Psychology,University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Erin B Tone
- Department of Psychology, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Julie Suhr
- Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Julio Bobes
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Axit Fumero
- Department of Psychology, University of La Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Julien Laloyaux
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Psychology and Neuroscience of Cognition Research Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium; NORMENT - Norwegian Center of Excellence for Mental Disorders Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anwar Mechri
- Psychiatry Department, University Hospital of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | | | - Viviana Wuthrich
- Centre for Emotional Health, Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Frank Larøi
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Psychology and Neuroscience of Cognition Research Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium; NORMENT - Norwegian Center of Excellence for Mental Disorders Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Johanna C Badcock
- Centre for Clinical Research in Neuropsychiatry, Division of Psychiatry, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Assen Jablensky
- Centre for Clinical Research in Neuropsychiatry, School of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - David Barron
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Viren Swami
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia; Department of Psychology, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ulrich S Tran
- Department of Basic Psychological Research and Research Methods, School of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Voracek
- Department of Basic Psychological Research and Research Methods, School of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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49
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Swami V, Vintila M, Tudorel O, Goian C, Barron D. Factor structure and psychometric properties of a Romanian translation of the drive for Muscularity Scale (DMS) in university men. Body Image 2018; 25:48-55. [PMID: 29475191 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We examined the psychometric properties of a Romanian translation of the 15-item Drive for Muscularity Scale (DMS). Male university students from Romania (N = 343) completed the DMS, as well as measures of self-esteem, body appreciation, and muscle discrepancy. Exploratory factor analysis indicated that DMS scores reduced to two factors that related to muscularity-oriented attitudes and behaviours, with both first-order factors loading onto a higher-order factor. However, confirmatory factor analysis indicated that a model with two first-order factors and a higher-order factor had poor fit. A two-factor model without a higher-order construct achieved acceptable but mediocre fit. Scores on the two-factor DMS model had adequate internal consistency and demonstrated acceptable convergent validity (significant correlations with self-esteem, body appreciation, and muscle discrepancy). These results provide support for a two-factor model of DMS scores in a Romanian-speaking sample and extends the availability of the DMS to a rarely-examined linguistic group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viren Swami
- Department of Psychology, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK; Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - Mona Vintila
- Department of Psychology, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Otilia Tudorel
- Department of Psychology, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Cosmin Goian
- Department of Social Work, West University of Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania
| | - David Barron
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia
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50
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Swami V, Barron D, Furnham A. Exposure to natural environments, and photographs of natural environments, promotes more positive body image. Body Image 2018; 24:82-94. [PMID: 29331662 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Five studies were conducted to understand the impact of nature exposure on body image. In three studies using different designs and outcome measures, British university students were exposed to photographs of natural or built environments. Results indicated that exposure to images of natural, but not built, environments resulted in improved state body image. In Study 4, British community participants went on a walk in a natural or built environment, with results indicating that the walk in a natural environment resulted in significantly higher state body appreciation, whereas the walk in a built environment resulted in significantly lower scores. In Study 5, British participants were recruited as they were entering a designed green space on their own volition. Results indicated that spending time in the green space led to improved state body appreciation. These results indicate that exposure to isomorphic or in-situ natural environments has positive effects on state body image.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viren Swami
- Department of Psychology, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK; Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - David Barron
- Centre for Psychological Medicine, Perdana University, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Adrian Furnham
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
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