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Jankauskiene R, Balciuniene V, Rutkauskaite R, Pajaujiene S, Baceviciene M. Evaluating the Impact of the Nirvana Fitness and Functional Training Programs on Young Women's State Body Appreciation and Its Correlates. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1632. [PMID: 39201190 PMCID: PMC11353370 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12161632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effects of the Nirvana Fitness (NF) program on state body appreciation (BA) and its correlates, as well as the mechanisms that could explain these changes. The study participants were allocated to NF (n = 21) and functional training (control, n = 22) groups and participated in an 8-week exercise intervention. The mean age was 24.4 ± 6.7. The participants filled out online questionnaires on state measures of BA, body surveillance (BS), functionality appreciation, body-mind connection, mindfulness in physical activity (SMS-PA), intrinsic exercise motivation (IM), satisfaction of basic psychological needs, and perceived physical fitness (PPF) immediately after the first and last sessions. The results revealed a significant improvement in state BA and its correlates in both groups, with no changes in PPF in the NF group or IM in either group. An interaction between group and time effects was revealed in a change of relatedness, indicating a stronger effect in the NF group. Positive changes in SMS-PA, BS, and satisfaction of the need for relatedness significantly predicted improvement in state BA. These findings highlight the importance of targeting mindfulness, body surveillance, and relatedness during physical activity in interventions aimed at promoting positive body image in university-aged women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasa Jankauskiene
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vaiva Balciuniene
- Department of Physical and Social Education, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.B.); (R.R.); (M.B.)
| | - Renata Rutkauskaite
- Department of Physical and Social Education, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.B.); (R.R.); (M.B.)
| | - Simona Pajaujiene
- Department of Coaching Science, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania;
| | - Migle Baceviciene
- Department of Physical and Social Education, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania; (V.B.); (R.R.); (M.B.)
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Lucibello KM, Zhang Q, Leatherdale ST, Patte KA. Changing eating to manage weight or shape: A cross-sectional and prospective study of the prevalence and correlates in a large Canadian adolescent cohort. Prev Med 2024; 184:107987. [PMID: 38714274 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.107987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study examined reports of changing eating to manage weight/shape over one year among adolescents. It also tested how changing eating for weight/shape was associated with physical activity (resistance training, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; MVPA) and mental health (depressive symptoms, flourishing), and whether weight perceptions moderated these associations. METHODS Participants were Canadian adolescents (N = 20,614, Mage ± SD = 14.4 ± 1.3, 52.9% girls) who completed self-report surveys in the 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 waves of the COMPASS study. Separate multilevel models were tested for each outcome. RESULTS Approximately 30% of adolescents reported changing their eating to manage weight/shape at least once a week. More days of changing eating were associated with significantly higher depressive symptoms and lower flourishing cross-sectionally (b = 0.51, b = -0.27) and over time (b = 0.35, -0.20); the flourishing association over time was weaker for adolescents who perceived themselves as overweight relative to about right. More days of changing eating were also associated with more MVPA and resistance training cross-sectionally (b = 2.81, b = 0.19) and over time (b = 1.28, b = 10). The relationship between changing eating and MVPA over time was stronger for adolescents who perceived themselves as overweight relative to about right; whereas the cross-sectional relationship between changing eating and resistance training was weaker. CONCLUSIONS Reports of changing eating to manage weight/shape were associated with divergent health outcomes; research into how and to what extreme adolescents are changing eating to manage weight/shape, and identity factors that may contribute to these differences, is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen M Lucibello
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Qianyu Zhang
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott T Leatherdale
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Karen A Patte
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
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Lucibello KM, Goldfield GS, Alberga AS, Leatherdale ST, Patte KA. Exploring the association between internalized weight bias and mental health among Canadian adolescents. Pediatr Obes 2024:e13118. [PMID: 38676448 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.13118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Internalized weight bias (IWB) has been identified as a correlate of higher depressive and anxiety symptoms in adolescents with higher weights. However, there has been limited investigation into how IWB relates to positive mental health and whether these associations differ across genders. OBJECTIVES To examine the associations between IWB and mental health (depression, anxiety, flourishing) in adolescents with higher weights, and to test the potential moderating role of gender. METHODS Canadian adolescents with higher weights (N = 7538, 60% boys, 36% girls, 4% gender diverse, ages 12-19) from the COMPASS study completed a survey during the 2021-2022 school year. Data were analysed using generalized linear models. RESULTS Highest IWB and poorest mental health were noted within gender diverse adolescents, followed by girls then boys. Gender moderated the relationship between higher IWB and higher depression, higher anxiety and lower flourishing, with the strongest relationships noted among girls. CONCLUSION IWB interventions should be tailored to gender subgroups that may be particularly vulnerable to maladaptive mental health outcomes associated with IWB. System-level changes that mitigate perpetuation of weight bias and discrimination which lead to IWB are also essential, particularly for girls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gary S Goldfield
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Angela S Alberga
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Applied Physiology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Scott T Leatherdale
- School of Public Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Karen A Patte
- Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, Canada
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Levinson JA, Kinkel-Ram S, Myers B, Hunger JM. A systematic review of weight stigma and disordered eating cognitions and behaviors. Body Image 2024; 48:101678. [PMID: 38278088 PMCID: PMC11180546 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2023.101678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Weight stigma is persistent across contexts and is associated with disordered eating cognitions and behaviors. This systematic review aimed to examine the existing literature that has explored the relationship between weight stigma and disordered eating cognitions and behaviors. We specifically examined three dimensions of weight stigma - experienced, anticipated, and internalized - and adopted an inclusive conceptualization of outcomes related to disordered eating (including constructs such as binge eating, body dissatisfaction, and other cognitions and behaviors such as dietary restraint, unhealthy weight control behaviors, and drive for thinness). We searched PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, Sociological Abstracts, and PsycINFO for English-language, peer-reviewed articles and dissertations with quantitative methodology published through October 2023. The search resulted in 242 articles meeting inclusion criteria. A narrative review found a consistent relationship between greater weight stigma and more disordered eating cognitions and behaviors. Methodological and theoretical limitations are discussed, as are critical avenues for future research and potential clinical implications stemming from this body of research. Given the widespread nature and impact of weight stigma on disordered eating, it is imperative that we intervene to address weight stigma at all levels, from the structural to the intrapersonal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan A Levinson
- Department of Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, 1285 Franz Hall, Box 951563, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Shruti Kinkel-Ram
- Department of Psychology, Miami University, 90 N Patterson Avenue, Oxford, OH 45056, United States
| | - Bethany Myers
- University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States
| | - Jeffrey M Hunger
- Department of Psychology, Miami University, 90 N Patterson Avenue, Oxford, OH 45056, United States.
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Li F, Omar Dev RD, Soh KG, Wang C, Yuan Y. Effects of Pilates exercises on spine deformities and posture: a systematic review. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2024; 16:55. [PMID: 38388449 PMCID: PMC10885405 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-024-00843-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pilates is becoming increasingly popular amongst a wide range of people and is gaining more attention. It is also an effective means of physical rehabilitation. The aim of this systematic review is to explore the effects of Pilates on spinal deformity and posture. METHOD This systematic review was conducted using four recognised academic and scientific databases (Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed and Cochrane) to identify articles that met the inclusion criteria. The secondary search used the Google Scholar and the Science Direct search engines. The search for articles for this review began in July 06, 2023 and was concluded on February 01, 2024. The search process for this study was documented using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA 2020). The PEDro scale was used to assess the internal validity and data statistics of the studies included in this systematic review and to evaluate the quality of the studies. RESULTS The systematic review included nine studies that met the inclusion criteria from the 651 studies retrieved, involving a total of 643 participants. The PEDro scale scores of the studies included in this systematic review ranged from 3 to 8. The intervention was in the form of Pilates or Pilates combined exercises. The studies included in this review used outcome measures of Cobb angle, angle of trunk rotation (ATR), range of motion (ROM), chest expansion, Scoliosis Research Society Questionnaire (SRS-22r) and postural assessment. Research has shown that Pilates is effective in correcting spinal deformities and posture, as well as improving quality of life, pain relief, function and fitness. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review provide substantial evidence that Pilates has a positive impact on improving spinal deformity and posture. However, more research is needed to validate whether Pilates can be used effectively as a physical therapy for spinal deformity rehabilitation. Pilates has considerable potential for public health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyi Li
- Department of Sports Studies Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - Roxana Dev Omar Dev
- Department of Sports Studies Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.
| | - Kim Geok Soh
- Department of Sports Studies Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Sports Studies Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Yubin Yuan
- Department of Sports Studies Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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Vani MF, Lucibello KM, Welsh T, Sabiston CM. Body-related shame disrupts attentional focus over time in adolescence. J Adolesc 2023; 95:1520-1527. [PMID: 37439039 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Body-related shame is a negative self-conscious emotion that is heightened during adolescence and is associated with several adverse outcomes. Of particular interest, and informed by Objectification Theory, body-related shame may impact attentional focus because the experience of this intense emotion may limit cognitive resources required to effectively engage in tasks. The purpose of the present study was to examine the association between body-related shame and attentional focus over time during adolescence. METHODS Adolescents (n = 160; Mage ± SD = 16.05 ± 0.98; 80% self-identifying girls) completed an online survey in 2022 at baseline (Time 1) and 3 months later (Time 2). Stepwise regression was used to test the association between body-related shame and attentional focus, with weight perception included as a covariate. RESULTS The regression model demonstrated that higher body-related shame predicted poorer attentional focus 3 months later (β = -0.44, p < .001), after controlling for weight perception (14% variance explained in attention). CONCLUSIONS Findings support and extend theoretical tenets by highlighting the potential importance of targeting body-related shame to reduce the negative impact on attentional focus among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison F Vani
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kristen M Lucibello
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Timothy Welsh
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Catherine M Sabiston
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Liu X, Soh KG, Omar Dev RD. Effect of Latin dance on physical and mental health: a systematic review. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1332. [PMID: 37434149 PMCID: PMC10337058 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16221-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Latin dance is a well-liked physical activity. It has gained increasing attention as an exercise intervention for improving physical and mental health outcomes. This systematic review examines the effects of Latin dance on physical and mental health. METHODS Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) were used to report the data for this review. To gather research from the literature, we used recognized academic and scientific databases such SportsDiscus with Full Text, PsycINFO, Cochrane, Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science. The systematic review only included 22 studies out of the 1,463 that matched all inclusion criteria. The PEDro scale was used to rate each study's quality. 22 research received scores between 3 and 7. RESULTS Latin dance has been demonstrated to promote physical health by helping people lose weight, improve cardiovascular health, increase muscle strength and tone, and improve flexibility and balance. Furthermore, Latin dance can benefit mental health by reducing stress, improving mood, social connection, and cognitive function. CONCLUSIONS Finding from this systematic review provide substantial evidence that Latin dance has effect on physical and mental health. Latin dance has the potential to be a powerful and pleasurable public health intervention. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION CRD42023387851, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero .
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Affiliation(s)
- Xutao Liu
- Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Kim Geok Soh
- Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Roxana Dev Omar Dev
- Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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Jankauskiene R, Baceviciene M. Internalisation of stereotyped body appearance standards and body dissatisfaction in adolescent boys: Moderating role of sports participation. J Sports Sci 2023; 41:8-19. [PMID: 36958797 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2023.2193459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to test the moderating role of sport participation in the mediation model of media pressures, internalisation of appearance ideals and body dissatisfaction in adolescent boys. Five hundred and seventy adolescent boys (mean age 17.2 ± 0.45; range 15-19 years) participated in the cross-sectional study. Adolescents completed a questionnaire consisting of measures of attitudes towards sociocultural pressures on appearance, body dissatisfaction and sport participation (participation in achievement sport, leisure exercising and non-participation in any sports). Sports participation moderated the associations between the internalisation of stereotyped appearance ideals and body dissatisfaction. In athletes, the effect of internalisation of thin body ideals on body dissatisfaction was not significant, while the effect of internalisation of muscular/athletic body ideals was negative. In leisure exercisers, the effect of internalisation of muscular body ideals on body dissatisfaction was not significant, yet internalisation of thin body ideals had a significant effect on body dissatisfaction. The strongest associations between appearance ideals internalisation and body dissatisfaction were found in adolescent boys who reported no participation in sports. Sports participation might be an effective tool in decreasing the negative effect of internalisation of stereotyped appearance ideals on adolescent boys' body image.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasa Jankauskiene
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Migle Baceviciene
- Department of Physical and Social Education; Kaunas, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania
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