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Minematsu A, Nishii Y. Effects of whole body vibration on bone properties in growing rats. Int Biomech 2022; 9:19-26. [DOI: 10.1080/23335432.2022.2142666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Minematsu
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Kio University, 4-2-2 Umaminaka, Koryo-cho, Kitakatsuragi-gun, 635-0832, Japan
| | - Yasue Nishii
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Kio University, 4-2-2 Umaminaka, Koryo-cho, Kitakatsuragi-gun, 635-0832, Japan
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Lin CY, Song X, Seaman K, You L. Microfluidic Co-culture Platforms for Studying Osteocyte Regulation of Other Cell Types under Dynamic Mechanical Stimulation. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2022; 20:478-492. [PMID: 36149593 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-022-00748-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Osteocytes are the most abundant cell type in bone. These unique cells act primarily as mechanosensors and play crucial roles in the functional adaptation of bone tissue. This review aims to summarize the recent microfluidic studies on mechanically stimulated osteocytes in regulating other cell types. RECENT FINDINGS Microfluidics is a powerful technology that has been widely employed in recent years. With the advantages of microfluidic platforms, researchers can mimic multicellular environments and integrate dynamic systems to study osteocyte regulation under mechanical stimulation. Microfluidic platforms have been developed to investigate mechanically stimulated osteocytes in the direct regulation of multiple cell types, including osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and cancer cells, and in the indirect regulation of cancer cells via endothelial cells. Overall, these microfluidic studies foster the development of treatment approaches targeting osteocytes under mechanical stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yu Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xin Song
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kimberly Seaman
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lidan You
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Bonanni R, Cariati I, Romagnoli C, D’Arcangelo G, Annino G, Tancredi V. Whole Body Vibration: A Valid Alternative Strategy to Exercise? J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2022; 7:jfmk7040099. [PMID: 36412761 PMCID: PMC9680512 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk7040099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies agree that mechanical vibration can induce physiological changes at different levels, improving neuromuscular function through postural control strategies, muscle tuning mechanisms and tonic vibration reflexes. Whole-body vibration has also been reported to increase bone mineral density and muscle mass and strength, as well as to relieve pain and modulate proprioceptive function in patients with osteoarthritis or lower back pain. Furthermore, vibratory training was found to be an effective strategy for improving the physical performance of healthy athletes in terms of muscle strength, agility, flexibility, and vertical jump height. Notably, several benefits have also been observed at the brain level, proving to be an important factor in protecting and/or preventing the development of age-related cognitive disorders. Although research in this field is still debated, certain molecular mechanisms responsible for the response to whole-body vibration also appear to be involved in physiological adaptations to exercise, suggesting the possibility of using it as an alternative or reinforcing strategy to canonical training. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for the development of whole body vibration protocols appropriately designed based on individual needs to optimize these effects. Therefore, we performed a narrative review of the literature, consulting the bibliographic databases MEDLINE and Google Scholar, to i) summarize the most recent scientific evidence on the effects of whole-body vibration and the molecular mechanisms proposed so far to provide a useful state of the art and ii) assess the potential of whole-body vibration as a form of passive training in place of or in association with exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Bonanni
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Ida Cariati
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Cristian Romagnoli
- Sport Engineering Lab, Department of Industrial Engineering, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, Via Politecnico 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna D’Arcangelo
- Department of Systems Medicine, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Centre of Space Bio-Medicine, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Annino
- Department of Systems Medicine, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Centre of Space Bio-Medicine, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Virginia Tancredi
- Department of Systems Medicine, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Centre of Space Bio-Medicine, “Tor Vergata” University of Rome, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
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Sithambaran S, Harrison R, Gopal‐Kothandapandi S, Rigby A, Bishop N. Bisphosphonate Treatment Alters the Skeletal Response to Mechanical Stimulation in Children With Osteogenesis Imperfecta: A Pilot Study. JBMR Plus 2022; 6:e10592. [PMID: 35309861 PMCID: PMC8914162 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Children with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) are commonly treated with bisphosphonates. We investigated the skeletal response to mechanical stimulation in children with OI before and after bisphosphonate treatment. Twelve children with OI, naïve to bisphosphonate treatment, stood on a high‐frequency (30 Hz), low‐amplitude (50 to 200 μ) vibrating platform (Marodyne LivMD) for 10 minutes daily (2.5 minutes × 4 with interspersed 1‐minute rest periods) for 7 days (whole body vibration [WBV] 1; day (D) 1–7), followed successively by 5 weeks' monitoring without intervention, 6 weeks' risedronate treatment, 1 week of WBV (WBV2; D85–91), and 1 week without intervention (D92–98). Procollagen type I N‐terminal propeptide (P1NP), bone‐specific alkaline phosphatase (BSALP), and carboxy‐terminal telopeptide of type I collagen cross‐link (CTX) were measured at baseline and intervals bracketing periods of vibration and risedronate treatment. Both P1NP and CTX rose to D8 (18.4%, 13.8%, p < 0.05, respectively), plateaued, then rose again at D43 (19.8%, 19.2%, respectively, p < 0.05 versus baseline). At D85 (after risedronate) both P1NP and CTX had fallen to pre‐WBV1 levels. A significantly smaller increase in P1NP was found after WBV2 (D85–91) at D92 (3.5%, 9.2%, respectively) and D99 versus after WBV1 (both p < 0.05). BSALP changed little after WBV1, fell during risedronate, and rose toward baseline after WBV2. We thus showed that WBV increased bone formation and resorption; that increase was attenuated after risedronate. The early increase in P1NP and CTX (D8) after WBV1 suggests increased osteoid formation within existing remodeling units but not increased mineralization. Later increases in P1NP/CTX (D42) suggest increased remodeling cycle initiation after WBV. Risedronate suppressed both biomarkers. The lower increase in P1NP/CTX after WBV2 suggests limited capacity to increase osteoid formation from existing “early stage” osteoblasts and a possible “hangover” effect of risedronate on remodeling activation. These results provide insights into both the response to WBV, ie, mechanical stimulation, and the effect of antiresorptive therapy in children with OI. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siva Sithambaran
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism University of Sheffield Sheffield UK
| | | | | | - Alan Rigby
- University of Hull Hull UK
- Hull York Medical School Hull UK
| | - Nick Bishop
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism University of Sheffield Sheffield UK
- Sheffield Children's NHS FT Sheffield UK
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Campos MS, Volpon JB, Ximenez JPB, Franttini AP, Dalloul CE, Sousa-Neto MD, Silva RA, Kacena MA, Zamarioli A. Vibration therapy as an effective approach to improve bone healing in diabetic rats. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:909317. [PMID: 36060973 PMCID: PMC9437439 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.909317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of vibration therapy on fracture healing in diabetic and non-diabetic rats. METHODS 148 rats underwent fracture surgery and were assigned to four groups: (1) SHAM: weight-matched non-diabetic rats, (2) SHAM+VT: non-diabetic rats treated with vibration therapy (VT), (3) DM: diabetic rats, and (4) DM+VT: diabetic rats treated with VT. Thirty days after diabetes induction with streptozotocin, animals underwent bone fracture, followed by surgical stabilization. Three days after bone fracture, rats began VT. Bone healing was assessed on days 14 and 28 post-fracture by serum bone marker analysis, and femurs collected for dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, micro-computed tomography, histology, and gene expression. RESULTS Our results are based on 88 animals. Diabetes led to a dramatic impairment of bone healing as demonstrated by a 17% reduction in bone mineral density and decreases in formation-related microstructural parameters compared to non-diabetic control rats (81% reduction in bone callus volume, 69% reduction in woven bone fraction, 39% reduction in trabecular thickness, and 45% in trabecular number). These changes were accompanied by a significant decrease in the expression of osteoblast-related genes (Runx2, Col1a1, Osx), as well as a 92% reduction in serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) levels. On the other hand, resorption-related parameters were increased in diabetic rats, including a 20% increase in the callus porosity, a 33% increase in trabecular separation, and a 318% increase in serum C terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen levels. VT augmented osteogenic and chondrogenic cell proliferation at the fracture callus in diabetic rats; increased circulating IGF-1 by 668%, callus volume by 52%, callus bone mineral content by 90%, and callus area by 72%; and was associated with a 19% reduction in circulating receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa beta ligand (RANK-L). CONCLUSIONS Diabetes had detrimental effects on bone healing. Vibration therapy was effective at counteracting the significant disruption in bone repair induced by diabetes, but did not improve fracture healing in non-diabetic control rats. The mechanical stimulus not only improved bone callus quality and quantity, but also partially restored the serum levels of IGF-1 and RANK-L, inducing bone formation and mineralization, thus creating conditions for adequate fracture repair in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysa S. Campos
- Department of Orthopaedics and Anaesthesiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - José B. Volpon
- Department of Orthopaedics and Anaesthesiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - João Paulo B. Ximenez
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Franttini
- Department of Orthopaedics and Anaesthesiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Christopher E. Dalloul
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Manoel D. Sousa-Neto
- School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Raquel A. Silva
- School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Melissa A. Kacena
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Ariane Zamarioli
- Department of Orthopaedics and Anaesthesiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Ariane Zamarioli,
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Kennedy JW, Tsimbouri PM, Campsie P, Sood S, Childs PG, Reid S, Young PS, Meek DRM, Goodyear CS, Dalby MJ. Nanovibrational stimulation inhibits osteoclastogenesis and enhances osteogenesis in co-cultures. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22741. [PMID: 34815449 PMCID: PMC8611084 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02139-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Models of bone remodelling could be useful in drug discovery, particularly if the model is one that replicates bone regeneration with reduction in osteoclast activity. Here we use nanovibrational stimulation to achieve this in a 3D co-culture of primary human osteoprogenitor and osteoclast progenitor cells. We show that 1000 Hz frequency, 40 nm amplitude vibration reduces osteoclast formation and activity in human mononuclear CD14+ blood cells. Additionally, this nanoscale vibration both enhances osteogenesis and reduces osteoclastogenesis in a co-culture of primary human bone marrow stromal cells and bone marrow hematopoietic cells. Further, we use metabolomics to identify Akt (protein kinase C) as a potential mediator. Akt is known to be involved in bone differentiation via transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and it has been implicated in reduced osteoclast activity via Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit α13 (Gα13). With further validation, our nanovibrational bioreactor could be used to help provide humanised 3D models for drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Kennedy
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
| | - P Monica Tsimbouri
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Paul Campsie
- SUPA Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1QE, UK
| | - Shatakshi Sood
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University Place, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Peter G Childs
- SUPA Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1QE, UK
| | - Stuart Reid
- SUPA Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1QE, UK
| | - Peter S Young
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Dominic R M Meek
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, G51 4TF, UK
| | - Carl S Goodyear
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, Glasgow Biomedical Research Centre, University Place, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - Matthew J Dalby
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
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Gremminger VL, Phillips CL. Impact of Intrinsic Muscle Weakness on Muscle-Bone Crosstalk in Osteogenesis Imperfecta. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4963. [PMID: 34066978 PMCID: PMC8125032 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone and muscle are highly synergistic tissues that communicate extensively via mechanotransduction and biochemical signaling. Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heritable connective tissue disorder of severe bone fragility and recently recognized skeletal muscle weakness. The presence of impaired bone and muscle in OI leads to a continuous cycle of altered muscle-bone crosstalk with weak muscles further compromising bone and vice versa. Currently, there is no cure for OI and understanding the pathogenesis of the skeletal muscle weakness in relation to the bone pathogenesis of OI in light of the critical role of muscle-bone crosstalk is essential to developing and identifying novel therapeutic targets and strategies for OI. This review will highlight how impaired skeletal muscle function contributes to the pathophysiology of OI and how this phenomenon further perpetuates bone fragility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charlotte L. Phillips
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
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Reynolds R, Garner A, Norton J. Sound and Vibration as Research Variables in Terrestrial Vertebrate Models. ILAR J 2020; 60:159-174. [PMID: 32602530 DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilaa004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Sound and vibration have been shown to alter animal behavior and induce physiological changes as well as to cause effects at the cellular and molecular level. For these reasons, both environmental factors have a considerable potential to alter research outcomes when the outcome of the study is dependent on the animal existing in a normal or predictable biological state. Determining the specific levels of sound or vibration that will alter research is complex, as species will respond to different frequencies and have varying frequencies where they are most sensitive. In consideration of the potential of these factors to alter research, a thorough review of the literature and the conditions that likely exist in the research facility should occur specific to each research study. This review will summarize the fundamental physical properties of sound and vibration in relation to deriving maximal level standards, consider the sources of exposure, review the effects on animals, and discuss means by which the adverse effects of these factors can be mitigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall Reynolds
- Duke University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Division of Laboratory Animal Resources, Durham, NC
| | - Angela Garner
- Duke University School of Medicine, Division of Laboratory Animal Resources, Durham, NC
| | - John Norton
- Duke University School of Medicine, Pathology and Division of Laboratory Animal Resources
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de Oliveira LC, de Oliveira RG, de Almeida Pires-Oliveira DA. Effects of Whole-Body Vibration Versus Pilates Exercise on Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women: A Randomized and Controlled Clinical Trial. J Geriatr Phys Ther 2020; 42:E23-E31. [PMID: 29443867 DOI: 10.1519/jpt.0000000000000184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Decreased bone mineral density (BMD) is a common condition in postmenopausal women that can be managed with impact activities. Among the activities studied are the whole-body vibration (WBV) and muscle-strengthening exercises. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of WBV versus Pilates exercise on BMD in postmenopausal women. METHODS In this study, 51 postmenopausal women were randomized into 3 groups: vibration (n = 17), Pilates (n = 17), and control (n = 17). Outcomes were the areal bone mineral density (aBMD) (lumbar spine, femoral neck, total hip, trochanter, intertrochanter, and ward's area) assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at baseline and follow-up. The interventions were performed 3 times a week for 6 months, totaling 78 sessions. The analysis was performed with intention-to-treat and covariance analyses adjusted for baseline outcomes. RESULTS After 6 months, 96.1% of the participants completed the follow-up. The analyses demonstrated significant mean between-group differences in favor of the interventions: vibration versus control, for the aBMD of the lumbar spine (0.014 g/cm; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.006-0.022; P = .018, d = 1.21) and trochanter (0.018 g/cm; 95% CI, 0.006-0.030; P = .012, d = 1.03); and Pilates versus control, for the aBMD of the lumbar spine (0.016 g/cm; 95% CI, 0.007-0.025; P = .008, d = 1.15) and trochanter (0.020 g/cm; 95% CI, 0.010-0.031; P = .005, d = 1.28). CONCLUSION In postmenopausal women, 3 weekly sessions of WBV or Pilates administered for 6 months provided an equal effect on BMD.
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Bodnyk KA, Kuchynsky KS, Balgemann M, Stephens B, Hart RT. The long-term residual effects of low-magnitude mechanical stimulation therapy on skeletal health. J Biol Eng 2020; 14:9. [PMID: 32190111 PMCID: PMC7073014 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-020-0232-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Low-magnitude mechanical stimulation (LMMS) may improve skeletal health. The objective of this research was to investigate the long-term residual effects of LMMS on bone health. 10-week old female mice were given LMMS for 8 weeks; SHAM did not receive LMMS. Some groups remained on study for an additional 8 or 16 weeks post treatment (N = 17). Results Epiphyseal trabecular mineralizing surface to bone surface ratio (MS/BS) and bone formation rate (BFR/BS) were significantly greater in the LMMS group compared to the SHAM group at 8 weeks by 92 and 128% respectively. Mineral apposition rate (MAR) was significantly greater in the LMMS group 16 weeks post treatment by 14%. Metaphyseal trabecular bone mineral density (BMD) increased by 18%, bone volume tissue volume ratio (BV/TV) increased by 37%, and trabecular thickness (Tb.Th.) increased by 10% with LMMS at 8 weeks post treatment. Significant effects 16 weeks post treatment were maintained for BV/TV and Tb.Th. The middle-cortical region bone volume (BV) increased by 4% and cortical thickness increased by 3% with 8-week LMMS. Conclusions LMMS improves bone morphological parameters immediately after and in some cases long-term post LMMS. Results from this work will be helpful in developing treatment strategies to increase bone health in younger individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle A Bodnyk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, 1080 Carmack Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Kyle S Kuchynsky
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, 1080 Carmack Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Megan Balgemann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, 1080 Carmack Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Brooke Stephens
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, 1080 Carmack Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Richard T Hart
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, 1080 Carmack Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
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Bratengeier C, Liszka A, Hoffman J, Bakker AD, Fahlgren A. High shear stress amplitude in combination with prolonged stimulus duration determine induction of osteoclast formation by hematopoietic progenitor cells. FASEB J 2020; 34:3755-3772. [PMID: 31957079 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901458r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
To date, it is unclear how fluid dynamics stimulate mechanosensory cells to induce an osteoprotective or osteodestructive response. We investigated how murine hematopoietic progenitor cells respond to 2 minutes of dynamic fluid flow stimulation with a precisely controlled sequence of fluid shear stresses. The response was quantified by measuring extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP), immunocytochemistry of Piezo1, and sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic Ca2+ reticulum ATPase 2 (SERCA2), and by the ability of soluble factors produced by mechanically stimulated cells to modulate osteoclast differentiation. We rejected our initial hypothesis that peak wall shear stress rate determines the response of hematopoietic progenitor cells to dynamic fluid shear stress, as it had only a minor correlation with the abovementioned parameters. Low stimulus amplitudes corresponded to activation of Piezo1, SERCA2, low concentrations of extracellular ATP, and inhibition of osteoclastogenesis and resorption area, while high amplitudes generally corresponded to osteodestructive responses. At a given amplitude (3 Pa) and waveform (square), the duration of individual stimuli (duty cycle) showed a strong correlation with the release of ATP and osteoclast number and resorption area. Collectively, our data suggest that hematopoietic progenitor cells respond in a viscoelastic manner to loading, since a combination of high shear stress amplitude and prolonged duty cycle is needed to trigger an osteodestructive response. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY: In case of painful joints or missing teeth, the current intervention is to replace them with an implant to keep a high-quality lifestyle. When exercising or chewing, the cells in the bone around the implant experience mechanical loading. This loading generally supports bone formation to strengthen the bone and prevent breaking, but can also stimulate bone loss when the mechanical loading becomes too high around orthopedic and dental implants. We still do not fully understand how cells in the bone can distinguish between mechanical loading that strengthens or weakens the bone. We cultured cells derived from the bone marrow in the laboratory to test whether the bone loss response depends on (i) how fast a mechanical load is applied (rate), (ii) how intense the mechanical load is (amplitude), or (iii) how long each individual loading stimulus is applied (duration). We mimicked mechanical loading as it occurs in the body, by applying very precisely controlled flow of fluid over the cells. We found that a mechanosensitive receptor Piezo1 was activated by a low amplitude stimulus, which usually strengthens the bone. The potential inhibitor of Piezo1, namely SERCA2, was only activated by a low amplitude stimulus. This happened regardless of the rate of application. At a constant high amplitude, a longer duration of the stimulus enhanced the bone-weakening response. Based on these results we deduce that a high loading amplitude tends to be bone weakening, and the longer this high amplitude persists, the worse it is for the bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Bratengeier
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Aneta Liszka
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Johan Hoffman
- Department of Computational Science and Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Astrid D Bakker
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, ACTA-University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Fahlgren
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Cai J, Shao X, Yan Z, Liu X, Yang Y, Luo E, Jing D. Differential skeletal response in adult and aged rats to independent and combinatorial stimulation with pulsed electromagnetic fields and mechanical vibration. FASEB J 2019; 34:3037-3050. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902779r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Cai
- College of Basic Medicine Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine Xianyang China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Xi Shao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Zedong Yan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Xiyu Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Yongqing Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Erping Luo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Da Jing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
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Huseman CJ, Sigler DH, Welsh TH, Suva LJ, Vogelsang MM, Dominguez BJ, Huggins S, Paulk C. Skeletal response to whole body vibration and dietary calcium and phosphorus in growing pigs. J Anim Sci 2019; 97:3369-3378. [PMID: 31265734 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skz189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The quality and strength of the skeleton is regulated by mechanical loading and adequate mineral intake of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P). Whole body vibration (WBV) has been shown to elicit adaptive responses in the skeleton, such as increased bone mass and strength. This experiment was designed to determine the effects of WBV and dietary Ca and P on bone microarchitecture and turnover. A total of 26 growing pigs were utilized in a 60-d experiment. Pigs were randomly assigned within group to a 2 × 2 factorial design with dietary Ca and P concentration (low and adequate) as well as WBV. The adequate diet was formulated to meet all nutritional needs according to the NRC recommendations for growing pigs. Low Ca, P diets had 0.16% lower Ca and 0.13% lower P than the adequate diet. Pigs receiving WBV were vibrated 30 min/d, 3 d/wk at a magnitude of 1 to 2 mm and a frequency of 50 Hz. On days 0, 30, and 60, digital radiographs were taken to determine bone mineral content by radiographic bone aluminum equivalency (RBAE) and serum was collected to measure biochemical markers of bone formation (osteocalcin, OC) and bone resorption (carboxy-terminal collagen crosslinks, CTX-I). At day 60, pigs were euthanized and the left third metacarpal bone was excised for detailed analysis by microcomputed tomography (microCT) to measure trabecular microarchitecture and cortical bone geometry. Maximum RBAE values for the medial or lateral cortices were not affected (P > 0.05) by WBV. Pigs fed adequate Ca and P tended (P = 0.10) to have increased RBAE max values for the medial and lateral cortices. WBV pigs had significantly decreased serum CTX-1 concentrations (P = 0.044), whereas animals fed a low Ca and P diet had increased (P < 0.05) OC concentrations. In bone, WBV pigs showed a significantly lower trabecular number (P = 0.002) and increased trabecular separation (P = 0.003), whereas cortical bone parameters were not significantly altered by WBV or diet (P > 0.05). In summary, this study confirmed the normal physiological responses of the skeleton to a low Ca, P diet. Interestingly, although the WBV protocol utilized in this study did not elicit any significant osteogenic response, decreases in CTX-1 in response to WBV may have been an early local adaptive bone response. We interpret these data to suggest that the frequency and amplitude of WBV was likely sufficient to elicit a bone remodeling response, but the duration of the study may not have captured the full extent of an entire bone remodeling cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chad Paulk
- Texas A&M University, College Station, TX.,Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS
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14
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Minematsu A, Nishii Y, Imagita H, Sakata S. Possible effects of whole body vibration on bone properties in growing rats. Osteoporos Sarcopenia 2019; 5:78-83. [PMID: 31728424 PMCID: PMC6838745 DOI: 10.1016/j.afos.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives To examine the effects of whole body vibration (WBV) on bone properties in growing rats, and to explore the optimal conditions for enhancing bone properties. Methods Thirty-six 4-week-old male rats were divided into 1 control and 5 experimental groups. Each experimental group underwent WBV at 15, 30, 45, 60, and 90 Hz (0.5 g, 15 min/d, 5 d/wk) for 8 weeks. We measured bone size, muscle weight and bone mechanical strength of the right tibia. Trabecular bone mass and trabecular bone microstructure (TBMS) of the left tibia were analyzed by micro-computed tomography. Serum levels of bone formation/resorption markers were also measured. Results WBV at 45 Hz and 60 Hz tended to enhance trabecular bone mass and TBMS parameters. However, there was no difference in maximum load of tibias among all groups. Serum levels of bone resorption marker were significantly higher in the 45-Hz WBV group than in the control group. Conclusions WBV at 45–60 Hz may offer a potent modality for increasing bone mass during the period of rapid growth. Further studies are needed to explore the optimal WBV conditions for increasing peak bone mass and TBMS parameters. WBV modality may be a potent strategy for primary prevention against osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Minematsu
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Kio University, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Japan
| | - Yasue Nishii
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Kio University, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Imagita
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Kio University, Kitakatsuragi-gun, Japan
| | - Susumu Sakata
- Department of Physiology I, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
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15
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Alikhani M, Alikhani M, Alansari S, Almansour A, Hamidaddin MA, Khoo E, Lopez JA, Nervina JM, Nho JY, Oliveira SM, Sangsuwon C, Teixeira CC. Therapeutic effect of localized vibration on alveolar bone of osteoporotic rats. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211004. [PMID: 30695073 PMCID: PMC6350965 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Vibration, in the form of high frequency acceleration (HFA), stimulates alveolar bone formation under physiologic conditions and during healing after dental extractions. It is not known if HFA has an anabolic effect on osteoporotic alveolar bone. Our objective is to determine if HFA has a regenerative effect on osteoporotic alveolar bone. METHODS AND MATERIALS Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: 1) Ovariectomized Group (OVX), 2) Sham-OVX Group that received surgery without ovariectomy, 3) OVX-HFA Group that was ovariectomized and treated daily with HFA, 4) OVX+Static Force Group that was ovariectomized and received the same force as HFA, but without vibration, and 5) Control Group that did not receive any treatment. All animals were fed a low mineral diet for 3 months. Osteoporosis was confirmed by micro-CT of the fifth lumbar vertebra and femoral head. HFA was applied to the maxillary first molar for 5 minutes/day for 28 and 56 days. Maxillae were collected for micro-CT, histology, fluorescent microscopy, protein and RNA analysis, and three-point bending mechanical testing. RESULTS Micro-CT analysis revealed significant alveolar bone osteoporosis in the OVX group. Vibration restored the quality and quantity of alveolar bone to levels similar to the Sham-OVX group. Animals exposed to HFA demonstrated higher osteoblast activity and lower osteoclast activity. Osteogenic transcription factors (RUNX2, Foxo1, Osterix and Wnt signaling factors) were upregulated following vibration, while RANKL/RANK and Sclerostin were downregulated. HFA did not affect serum TRAcP-5b or CTx-1 levels. The osteogenic effect was highest at the point of HFA application and extended along the hemimaxillae this effect did not cross to the contra-lateral side. CONCLUSIONS Local application of vibration generated gradients of increased anabolic metabolism and decreased catabolic metabolism in alveolar bone of osteoporotic rats. Our findings suggest that HFA could be a predictable treatment for diminished alveolar bone levels in osteoporosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mani Alikhani
- Advanced Graduate Education Program in Orthodontics, Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- CTOR Academy, Hoboken, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Mona Alikhani
- CTOR Academy, Hoboken, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Sarah Alansari
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- CTOR Academy, Hoboken, New Jersey, United States of America
| | | | | | - Edmund Khoo
- Department of Orthodontics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jose A Lopez
- CTOR Academy, Hoboken, New Jersey, United States of America
| | | | - Joo Y Nho
- CTOR Academy, Hoboken, New Jersey, United States of America
| | - Serafim M Oliveira
- CTOR Academy, Hoboken, New Jersey, United States of America
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Chinapa Sangsuwon
- CTOR Academy, Hoboken, New Jersey, United States of America
- Department of Orthodontics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Cristina C Teixeira
- CTOR Academy, Hoboken, New Jersey, United States of America
- Department of Orthodontics, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Basic Science & Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York, United States of America
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16
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Mehta S, McClarren B, Aijaz A, Chalaby R, Cook-Chennault K, Olabisi RM. The effect of low-magnitude, high-frequency vibration on poly(ethylene glycol)-microencapsulated mesenchymal stem cells. J Tissue Eng 2018; 9:2041731418800101. [PMID: 30245801 PMCID: PMC6146326 DOI: 10.1177/2041731418800101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-magnitude, high-frequency vibration has stimulated osteogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells when these cells were cultured in certain types of three-dimensional environments. However, results of osteogenesis are conflicting with some reports showing no effect of vibration at all. A large number of vibration studies using three-dimensional scaffolds employ scaffolds derived from natural sources. Since these natural sources potentially have inherent biochemical and microarchitectural cues, we explored the effect of low-magnitude, high-frequency vibration at low, medium, and high accelerations when mesenchymal stem cells were encapsulated in poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate microspheres. Low and medium accelerations enhanced osteogenesis in mesenchymal stem cells while high accelerations inhibited it. These studies demonstrate that the isolated effect of vibration alone induces osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Mehta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Brooke McClarren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Ayesha Aijaz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Rabab Chalaby
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | | | - Ronke M Olabisi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a hereditary connective tissue disorder of skeletal fragility and more recently muscle weakness. This review highlights our current knowledge of the impact of compromised OI muscle function on muscle-bone interactions and skeletal strength in OI. RECENT FINDINGS The ramifications of inherent muscle weakness in OI muscle-bone interactions are just beginning to be elucidated. Studies in patients and in OI mouse models implicate altered mechanosensing, energy metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, and paracrine/endocrine crosstalk in the pathogenesis of OI. Compromised muscle-bone unit impacts mechanosensing and the ability of OI muscle and bone to respond to physiotherapeutic and pharmacologic treatment strategies. Muscle and bone are both compromised in OI, making it essential to understand the mechanisms responsible for both impaired muscle and bone functions and their interdependence, as this will expand and drive new physiotherapeutic and pharmacological approaches to treat OI and other musculoskeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte L Phillips
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, 117 Schweitzer Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
| | - Youngjae Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, 117 Schweitzer Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
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18
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Zimmerman SM, Heard-Lipsmeyer ME, Dimori M, Thostenson JD, Mannen EM, O'Brien CA, Morello R. Loss of RANKL in osteocytes dramatically increases cancellous bone mass in the osteogenesis imperfecta mouse (oim). Bone Rep 2018; 9:61-73. [PMID: 30105276 PMCID: PMC6077550 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is characterized by osteopenia and bone fragility, and OI patients during growth often exhibit high bone turnover with the net result of low bone mass. Recent evidence shows that osteocytes significantly affect bone remodeling under physiological and pathological conditions through production of osteoclastogenic cytokines. The receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) produced by osteocytes for example, is a critical mediator of bone loss caused by ovariectomy, low-calcium diet, unloading and glucocorticoid treatment. Because OI bone has increased density of osteocytes and these cells are embedded in matrix with abnormal type I collagen, we hypothesized that osteocyte-derived RANKL contributes to the OI bone phenotype. In this study, the conditional loss of RANKL in osteocytes in oim/oim mice (oim-RANKL-cKO) resulted in dramatically increased cancellous bone mass in both the femur and lumbar spine compared to oim/oim mice. Bone cortical thickness increased significantly only in spine but ultimate bone strength in the long bone and spine was minimally improved in oim-RANKL-cKO mice compared to oim/oim mice. Furthermore, unlike previous findings, we report that oim/oim mice do not exhibit high bone turnover suggesting that their low bone mass is likely due to defective bone formation and not increased bone resorption. The loss of osteocyte-derived RANKL further diminished parameters of formation in oim-RANKL-cKO. Our results indicate that osteocytes contribute significantly to the low bone mass observed in OI and the effect of loss of RANKL from these cells is similar to its systemic inhibition. Osteocyte-specific deletion of RANKL in oim mice greatly increases cancellous bone. Skeletal effects of osteocyte RANKL deletion on OI mimic its systemic inhibition. Oim mice do not have high bone turnover. Low bone mass in oim mice is primarily caused by decreased bone formation. This study supports a potentially important role for osteocytes in OI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M. Zimmerman
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America
| | - Melissa E. Heard-Lipsmeyer
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America
| | - Milena Dimori
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America
| | - Jeff D. Thostenson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America
| | - Erin M. Mannen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America
| | - Charles A. O'Brien
- Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America
- Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System, Little Rock, AR, United States of America
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America
| | - Roy Morello
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America
- Division of Genetics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States of America
- Corresponding author at: Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham St., #505, Little Rock, AR 72205-7199, United States of America.
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19
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Lee H, Kim S, Hwang D, Seo D, Kim D, Jung YJ, Cho S, Kim HS. The effect of multi-frequency whole-body vibration on night-shifted mouse model. Sleep Biol Rhythms 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s41105-018-0169-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Reynolds RP, Li Y, Garner A, Norton JN. Vibration in mice: A review of comparative effects and use in translational research. Animal Model Exp Med 2018; 1:116-124. [PMID: 30891556 PMCID: PMC6388090 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Sound pressure waves surround individuals in everyday life and are perceived by animals and humans primarily through sound or vibration. When sound pressure waves traverse through a solid medium, vibration will result. Vibration has long been considered an unwanted variable in animal research and may confound scientific endeavors using animals. Understanding the characteristics of vibration is required to determine whether effects in animals are likely to be therapeutic or result in adverse biological effects. The eighth edition of the "Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals" highlights the importance of considering vibration and its effects on animals in the research setting, but knowledge of the level of vibration for eliciting these effects was unknown. The literature provides information regarding therapeutic use of vibration in humans, but the range of conditions to be of therapeutic benefit is varied and without clarity. Understanding the characteristics of vibration (eg, frequency and magnitude) necessary to cause various effects will ultimately assist in the evaluation of this environmental factor and its role on a number of potential therapeutic regimens for use in humans. This paper will review the principles of vibration, sources within a research setting, comparative physiological effects in various species, and the relative potential use of vibration in the mouse as a translational research model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall P. Reynolds
- Division of Laboratory Animal ResourcesDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA
| | - Yao Li
- Department of Laboratory Animal ScienceSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Angela Garner
- Division of Laboratory Animal ResourcesDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA
| | - John N. Norton
- Division of Laboratory Animal ResourcesDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA
- Department of PathologyDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA
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21
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Zhang T, Gao J, Fang J, Gong H. Multiscale investigation on the effects of additional weight bearing in combination with low-magnitude high-frequency vibration on bone quality of growing female rats. J Bone Miner Metab 2018; 36:157-169. [PMID: 28293780 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-017-0827-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the effects of additional weight bearing in combination with low-magnitude high-frequency vibration (LMHFV; 45 Hz, 0.3 g) on bone quality. One hundred twenty rats were randomly divided into ten groups; namely, sedentary (SED), additional weight bearing in which the rat wears a backpack whose weight is x% of the body weight (WBx; x = 5, 12, 19, 26), basic vibration (V), and additional weight bearing in combination with LMHFV in which the rat wears a backpack whose weight is x% of the body weight (Vx; x = 5, 12, 19, 26). The experiment was conducted for 12 weeks, 7 days per week, and 15 min per day. A three-point bending mechanical test, micro computed tomography, and a nanoindentation test were used. Serum samples were analyzed chemically. Failure load in V19 rats was significantly lower than that in SED rats (P < 0.05). Vx (x = 5, 12, 19, 26) rats showed poor microarchitectures. The content of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b was significantly higher in Vx (x = 5, 12, 19, 26) rats than that in SED rats (P < 0.05). V26 rats demonstrated comparatively better nanomechanical properties of materials than the other vibrational groups. Additional weight bearing in combination with LMHFV negatively affected the macromechanical properties and microarchitecture of bone. Heavy additional weight bearing, such as 26% of body weight, in combination with LMHFV was able to improve the nanomechanical properties of growing bone material compared with LMHFV. A combined mechanical stimulation was used, which may provide useful information to understand the mechanism of this mechanical stimulation on bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianlong Zhang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiazi Gao
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Fang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - He Gong
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China.
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22
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McClarren B, Olabisi R. Strain and Vibration in Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Biomater 2018; 2018:8686794. [PMID: 29545825 PMCID: PMC5818976 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8686794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells capable of differentiating into any mesenchymal tissue, including bone, cartilage, muscle, and fat. MSC differentiation can be influenced by a variety of stimuli, including environmental and mechanical stimulation, scaffold physical properties, or applied loads. Numerous studies have evaluated the effects of vibration or cyclic tensile strain on MSCs towards developing a mechanically based method of differentiation, but there is no consensus between studies and each investigation uses different culture conditions, which also influence MSC fate. Here we present an overview of the response of MSCs to vibration and cyclic tension, focusing on the effect of various culture conditions and strain or vibration parameters. Our review reveals that scaffold type (e.g., natural versus synthetic; 2D versus 3D) can influence cell response to vibration and strain to the same degree as loading parameters. Hence, in the efforts to use mechanical loading as a reliable method to differentiate cells, scaffold selection is as important as method of loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooke McClarren
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, 599 Taylor Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Ronke Olabisi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, 599 Taylor Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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23
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Matthews BG, Roeder E, Wang X, Aguila HL, Lee SK, Grcevic D, Kalajzic I. Splenomegaly, myeloid lineage expansion and increased osteoclastogenesis in osteogenesis imperfecta murine. Bone 2017; 103:1-11. [PMID: 28600151 PMCID: PMC5764163 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a disease caused by defects in type I collagen production that results in brittle bones. While the pathology is mainly caused by defects in the osteoblast lineage, there is also elevated bone resorption by osteoclasts resulting in high bone turnover in severe forms of the disease. Osteoclasts originate from hematopoietic myeloid cells, however changes in hematopoiesis have not been previously documented in OI. In this study, we evaluated hematopoietic lineage distribution and osteoclast progenitor cell frequency in bone marrow, spleen and peripheral blood of osteogenesis imperfecta murine (OIM) mice, a model of severe OI. We found splenomegaly in all ages examined, and expansion of myeloid lineage cells (CD11b+) in bone marrow and spleen of 7-9week old male OIM animals. OIM spleens also showed an increased frequency of purified osteoclast progenitors. This phenotype is suggestive of chronic inflammation. Isolated osteoclast precursors from both spleen and bone marrow formed osteoclasts more rapidly than wild-type controls. We found that serum TNFα levels were increased in OIM, as was IL1α in OIM females. We targeted inflammation therapeutically by treating growing animals with murine TNFR2:Fc, a compound that blocks TNFα activity. Anti-TNFα treatment marginally decreased spleen mass in OIM females, but failed to reduce bone resorption, or improve bone parameters or fracture rate in OIM animals. We have demonstrated that OIM mice have changes in their hematopoietic system, and form osteoclasts more rapidly even in the absence of OI osteoblast signals, however therapy targeting TNFα did not improve disease parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brya G Matthews
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
| | - Emilie Roeder
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | | | - Sun-Kyeong Lee
- Center on Aging, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Danka Grcevic
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
| | - Ivo Kalajzic
- Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
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24
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Little DG, Peacock L, Mikulec K, Kneissel M, Kramer I, Cheng TL, Schindeler A, Munns C. Combination sclerostin antibody and zoledronic acid treatment outperforms either treatment alone in a mouse model of osteogenesis imperfecta. Bone 2017; 101:96-103. [PMID: 28461254 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2017.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we examined the therapeutic potential of anti-Sclerostin Antibody (Scl-Ab) and bisphosphonate treatments for the bone fragility disorder Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI). Mice with the Amish OI mutation (Col1a2 G610C mice) and control wild type littermates (WT) were treated from week 5 to week 9 of life with (1) saline (control), (2) zoledronic acid given 0.025mg/kg s.c. weekly (ZA), (3) Scl-Ab given 50mg/kg IV weekly (Scl-Ab), or (4) a combination of both (Scl-Ab/ZA). Functional outcomes were prioritized and included bone mineral density (BMD), bone microarchitecture, long bone bending strength, and vertebral compression strength. By dual-energy absorptiometry, Scl-Ab treatment alone had no effect on tibial BMD, while ZA and Scl-Ab/ZA significantly enhanced BMD by week 4 (+16% and +27% respectively, P<0.05). Scl-Ab/ZA treatment also led to increases in cortical thickness and tissue mineral density, and restored the tibial 4-point bending strength to that of control WT mice. In the spine, all treatments increased compression strength over controls, but only the combined group reached the strength of WT controls. Scl-Ab showed greater anabolic effects in the trabecular bone than in cortical bone. In summary, the Scl-Ab/ZA intervention was superior to either treatment alone in this OI mouse model, however further studies are required to establish its efficacy in other preclinical and clinical scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Little
- Orthopaedic Research & Biotechnology Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Lauren Peacock
- Orthopaedic Research & Biotechnology Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kathy Mikulec
- Orthopaedic Research & Biotechnology Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michaela Kneissel
- Bone Unit, Musculoskeletal Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ina Kramer
- Bone Unit, Musculoskeletal Disease Area, Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Tegan L Cheng
- Orthopaedic Research & Biotechnology Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Aaron Schindeler
- Orthopaedic Research & Biotechnology Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Craig Munns
- Orthopaedic Research & Biotechnology Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Högler W, Scott J, Bishop N, Arundel P, Nightingale P, Mughal MZ, Padidela R, Shaw N, Crabtree N. The Effect of Whole Body Vibration Training on Bone and Muscle Function in Children With Osteogenesis Imperfecta. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2017; 102:2734-2743. [PMID: 28472303 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2017-00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is associated with reduced muscle size, dynamic muscle function, and mobility. OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of whole body vibration (WBV) on bone density and geometry, muscle size and function, mobility, and balance in children with OI. DESIGN Randomized controlled pilot trial. SETTING Tertiary pediatric research center. PARTICIPANTS Twenty-four children (5 to 16 years) with OI types 1, 4, and limited mobility [Child Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ) score ≥ 0.13] recruited in sex- and pubertal stage-matched pairs. Incident fractures in two boys (WBV arm) led to exclusion of two prepubertal pairs. INTERVENTION Five months of WBV training (3 × 3 minutes twice daily) or regular care. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Bone and muscle variables measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (spine, hip, total body) and peripheral quantitative computed tomography (tibia). Mobility assessed by 6-minute walk tests and CHAQ; dynamic muscle function by mechanography. RESULTS All participants had reduced walking distances and muscle function (P < 0.001). Body mass index z score was associated with higher CHAQ scores (ρ + 0.552; P = 0.005) and lower walking and two-leg jumping performance (ρ - 0.405 to -0.654, P < 0.05). The WBV and control groups did not differ in the 5-month changes in bone. Total lean mass increased more in the WBV group [+1119 g (+224 to +1744)] compared with controls [+635 g (-951 to +1006)], P = 0.01, without improving mobility, muscle function, or balance. CONCLUSIONS The increase in lean mass without changes in muscle function or bone mass suggests reduced biomechanical responsiveness of the muscle-bone unit in children with OI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Högler
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, United Kingdom
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Janis Scott
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, United Kingdom
| | - Nick Bishop
- Academic Unit of Child Health, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield S10 2TH, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Arundel
- Academic Unit of Child Health, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield S10 2TH, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Nightingale
- Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham B15 2TH, United Kingdom
| | - M Zulf Mughal
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom
| | - Raja Padidela
- Department of Endocrinology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester M13 9WL, United Kingdom
| | - Nick Shaw
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, United Kingdom
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Crabtree
- Department of Endocrinology & Diabetes, Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham B4 6NH, United Kingdom
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Veilleux LN, Trejo P, Rauch F. Muscle abnormalities in osteogenesis imperfecta. JOURNAL OF MUSCULOSKELETAL & NEURONAL INTERACTIONS 2017; 17:1-7. [PMID: 28574406 PMCID: PMC5492314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is mainly characterized by bone fragility but muscle abnormalities have been reported both in OI mouse models and in children with OI. Muscle mass is decreased in OI, even when short stature is taken into account. Dynamic muscle tests aiming at maximal eccentric force production reveal functional deficits that can not be explained by low muscle mass alone. However, it appears that diaphyseal bone mass is normally adapted to muscle force. At present the determinants of muscle mass and function in OI have not been clearly defined. Physiotherapy interventions and bisphosphonate treatment appear to have some effect on muscle function in OI. Interventions targeting muscle mass have shown encouraging results in OI animal models and are an interesting area for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- L-N. Veilleux
- Shriners Hospital for Children and McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - P. Trejo
- Shriners Hospital for Children and McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - F. Rauch
- Shriners Hospital for Children and McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada,Corresponding author: Frank Rauch, Shriners Hospital for Children, 1003 Boulevard Decarie, Montreal, Québec, Canada H4A 0A9 E-mail:
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27
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Sá-Caputo DC, Dionello CDF, Frederico ÉHFF, Paineiras-Domingos LL, Sousa-Gonçalves CR, Morel DS, Moreira-Marconi E, Unger M, Bernardo-Filho M. WHOLE-BODY VIBRATION EXERCISE IMPROVES FUNCTIONAL PARAMETERS IN PATIENTS WITH OSTEOGENESIS IMPERFECTA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW WITH A SUITABLE APPROACH. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES : AJTCAM 2017; 14:199-208. [PMID: 28480432 PMCID: PMC5412226 DOI: 10.21010/ajtcam.v14i3.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) have abnormal bone modelling and resorption. The bone tissue adaptation and responsivity to dynamic and mechanical loading may be of therapeutic use under controlled circumstances. Improvements due to the wholebody vibration (WBV) exercises have been reported in strength, motion, gait, balance, posture and bone density in several osteopenic individuals, as in post-menopausal women or children with disabling conditions, as patients with OI. The aim of this investigation was to systematically analyse the current available literature to determine the effect of WBV exercises on functional parameters of OI patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three reviewers independently accessed bibliographical databases. Searches were performed in the PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct and PEDro databases using keywords related to possible interventions (including WBV) used in the management of patients with osteogenesis imperfecta. RESULTS Three eligible studies were identified by searches in the analysed databases. CONCLUSION It was concluded that WBV exercises could be an important option in the management of OI patients improving the mobility and functional parameters. However, further studies are necessary for establishing suitable protocols for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danubia C Sá-Caputo
- Programa de Pâs-graduaçâo em Fisiopatologia Clínica e Experimental, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carla da F Dionello
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Programa de Pâs-graduaçâo em Ciencias Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Éric Heleno F. F Frederico
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Laisa L Paineiras-Domingos
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Programa de Pâs-graduaçâo em Ciencias Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cintia Renata Sousa-Gonçalves
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Danielle S Morel
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Programa de Pâs-graduaçâo em Ciencias Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eloá Moreira-Marconi
- Programa de Pâs-graduaçâo em Fisiopatologia Clínica e Experimental, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marianne Unger
- Division of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | - Mario Bernardo-Filho
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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28
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Puhar I, Ma L, Suleimenova D, Chronopoulos V, Mattheos N. The effect of local application of low-magnitude high-frequency vibration on the bone healing of rabbit calvarial defects-a pilot study. J Orthop Surg Res 2016; 11:159. [PMID: 27931261 PMCID: PMC5144494 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-016-0494-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the effect of local application of low-magnitude high-frequency vibration (LMHFV) on the bone healing of rabbit calvarial defects that were augmented with different grafting materials and membranes. Methods Four calvarial defects were created in each of two New Zealand rabbits and filled with the following materials: biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), deproteinized bovine bone mineral covered with a non-cross-linked collagen membrane (BO/BG), biphasic calcium phosphate covered with a strontium hydroxyapatite-containing collagen membrane (BCP/SR), and non-cross-linked collagen membrane (BG). Four defects in one rabbit served as a control, while the other was additionally subjected to the local LMHFV protocol of 40 Hz, 16 min per day. The rabbits were sacrificed 1 week after surgery. Histomorphometric analysis was performed to determine the percentages of different tissue compartments. Results Compared to the control defects, the higher percentage of osteoid tissue was found in LMHFV BG defects (35.3 vs. 19.3%), followed by BCP/SR (17.3 vs. 2.0%) and BO/BG (9.3 vs. 1.0%). The fraction occupied by the residual grafting material varied from 40.3% in BO/BG to 22.3% in BCP/SR LMHFV defects. Two-way models revealed that material type was only significant for the osteoid (P= 0.045) and grafting material (P = 0.001) percentages, while the vibration did not provide any statistical significance for all histomorphometric outcomes (P > 0.05). Conclusion Local application of LMHFV did not appear to offer additional benefit in the initial healing phase of rabbit calvarial defects. Histomorphometric measurements after 1 week of healing demonstrated more pronounced signs of early bone formation in both rabbits that were related with material type and independent of LMHFV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Puhar
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.,Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li Ma
- Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dina Suleimenova
- Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Nikos Mattheos
- Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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29
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Oliveira LC, Oliveira RG, Pires-Oliveira DAA. Effects of whole body vibration on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int 2016; 27:2913-33. [PMID: 27145947 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-016-3618-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) identified significant effects of whole body vibration (WBV) on bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine (in the sensitivity analysis and seven subgroup analyses), femoral neck (in one subgroup analysis), and trochanter (four subgroup analyses) in postmenopausal women, but not other measurements of BMD. INTRODUCTION Interventions using WBV training have been conducted in postmenopausal women, aimed at increasing BMD; however, the results are contradictory. Our objective is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs examining WBV effect on BMD. METHODS RCTs were considered eligible, with follow-up ≥6 months, which verified the effects of WBV on the BMD of postmenopausal women. The calculations of the meta-analysis were performed through the weighted mean difference between the WBV and control groups, or the WBV and combined training, through the absolute change between pre- and post-intervention in the areal bone mineral density (aBMD) or trabecular volumetric bone mineral density (vBMDt). RESULTS Fifteen RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. No differences were observed in the primary analysis. WBV was found to improve aBMD compared with the control group, after exclusion of studies with low quality methodological (lumbar spine), when excluding the studies which combined WBV with medication or combined training (lumbar spine), with the use of low frequency and high magnitude (lumbar spine and trochanter), high frequency and low magnitude (lumbar spine), high cumulative dose and low magnitude (lumbar spine), low cumulative dose and high magnitude (lumbar spine and trochanter), with semi-flexed knee (lumbar spine, femoral neck, and trochanter), and side-alternating type of vibration (lumbar spine and trochanter). CONCLUSIONS Despite WBV presenting potential to act as a coadjuvant in the prevention or treatment of osteoporosis, especially for aBMD of the lumbar spine, the ideal intervention is not yet clear. Our subgroup analyses helped to demonstrate the various factors which appear to influence the effects of WBV on BMD, contributing to clinical practice and the definition of protocols for future interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Oliveira
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Norte do Paraná (UNOPAR), Londrina, PR, Brazil.
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná (UENP), Alameda Padre Magno, 841, Nova Alcântara, CEP: 86.400-000, Jacarezinho, PR, Brazil.
| | - R G Oliveira
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Norte do Paraná (UNOPAR), Londrina, PR, Brazil
- Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Estadual do Norte do Paraná (UENP), Alameda Padre Magno, 841, Nova Alcântara, CEP: 86.400-000, Jacarezinho, PR, Brazil
| | - D A A Pires-Oliveira
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Norte do Paraná (UNOPAR), Londrina, PR, Brazil
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30
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Enderli TA, Burtch SR, Templet JN, Carriero A. Animal models of osteogenesis imperfecta: applications in clinical research. Orthop Res Rev 2016; 8:41-55. [PMID: 30774469 PMCID: PMC6209373 DOI: 10.2147/orr.s85198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), commonly known as brittle bone disease, is a genetic disease characterized by extreme bone fragility and consequent skeletal deformities. This connective tissue disorder is caused by mutations in the quality and quantity of the collagen that in turn affect the overall mechanical integrity of the bone, increasing its vulnerability to fracture. Animal models of the disease have played a critical role in the understanding of the pathology and causes of OI and in the investigation of a broad range of clinical therapies for the disease. Currently, at least 20 animal models have been officially recognized to represent the phenotype and biochemistry of the 17 different types of OI in humans. These include mice, dogs, and fish. Here, we describe each of the animal models and the type of OI they represent, and present their application in clinical research for treatments of OI, such as drug therapies (ie, bisphosphonates and sclerostin) and mechanical (ie, vibrational) loading. In the future, different dosages and lengths of treatment need to be further investigated on different animal models of OI using potentially promising treatments, such as cellular and chaperone therapies. A combination of therapies may also offer a viable treatment regime to improve bone quality and reduce fragility in animals before being introduced into clinical trials for OI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya A Enderli
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA,
| | - Stephanie R Burtch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA,
| | - Jara N Templet
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA,
| | - Alessandra Carriero
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL, USA,
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31
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Hughes JM, Charkoudian N, Barnes JN, Morgan BJ. Revisiting the Debate: Does Exercise Build Strong Bones in the Mature and Senescent Skeleton? Front Physiol 2016; 7:369. [PMID: 27679578 PMCID: PMC5020082 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional exercise programs seem to be less osteogenic in the mature and post-mature skeleton compared to the young skeleton. This is likely because of the decline in sensitivity of bone to mechanical loading that occurs with advancing age. Another factor contributing to the apparently diminished benefit of exercise in older adults is failure of widely used measurement techniques (i.e., DXA) to identify changes in 3-dimensional bone structure, which are important determinants of bone strength. Moreover, although hormonal contributors to bone loss in the elderly are well-recognized, the influence of age-related increases in sympathetic nervous system activity, which impacts bone metabolism, is rarely considered. In this Perspective, we cite evidence from animal and human studies demonstrating anabolic effects of exercise on bone across the lifespan and we discuss theoretical considerations for designing exercise regimens to optimize bone health. We conclude with suggestions for future research that should help define the osteogenic potential of exercise in older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M Hughes
- Military Performance Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine Natick, MA, USA
| | - Nisha Charkoudian
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine Natick, MA, USA
| | - Jill N Barnes
- Bruno Balke Biodynamics Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison, WI, USA
| | - Barbara J Morgan
- John Rankin Laboratory of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison, WI, USA
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32
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Ravichandran A, Lim J, Chong MSK, Wen F, Liu Y, Pillay YT, Chan JKY, Teoh SH. In vitro cyclic compressive loads potentiate early osteogenic events in engineered bone tissue. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2016; 105:2366-2375. [PMID: 27527120 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Application of dynamic mechanical loads on bone and bone explants has been reported to enhance osteogenesis and mineralization. To date, published studies have incorporated a range of cyclic strains on 3D scaffolds and platforms to demonstrate the effect of mechanical loading on osteogenesis. However, most of the loading parameters used in these studies do not emulate the in vivo loading conditions. In addition, the scaffolds/platforms are not representative of the native osteoinductive environment of bone tissue and hence may not be entirely accurate to study the in vivo mechanical loading. We hypothesized that biomimicry of physiological loading will potentiate accelerated osteogenesis in bone grafts. In this study, we present a compression bioreactor system that applies cyclic compression to cellular grafts in a controlled manner. Polycaprolactone-β Tricalcium Phosphate (PCL-TCP) scaffolds seeded with Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC) were cyclically compressed in bioreactor for a period of 4 weeks at 1 Hz and physiological strain value of 0.22% for 4 h per day. Gene expression studies revealed increased expressions of osteogenesis-related genes (Osteonectin and COL1A1) on day 7 of cyclic loading group relative to its static controls. Cyclic compression resulted in a 3.76-fold increase in the activity of Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) on day 14 when compared to its static group (p < 0.001). In addition, calcium deposition of cyclic loading group was found to attain saturation on day 14 (1.96 fold higher than its static scaffolds). The results suggested that cyclic, physiological compression of stem cell-seeded scaffolds generated highly mineralized bone grafts. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 2366-2375, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhilandeshwari Ravichandran
- Centre for Bone Tissue Engineering, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Jing Lim
- Centre for Bone Tissue Engineering, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Mark Seow Khoon Chong
- Centre for Bone Tissue Engineering, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Feng Wen
- Centre for Bone Tissue Engineering, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore
| | - Yuchun Liu
- Centre for Bone Tissue Engineering, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore.,Academic Clinical Program (Research), National Dental Centre of Singapore, Singapore 168938, Singapore
| | - Yaesshna T Pillay
- Department of Medicine and Medical Science, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jerry K Y Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore.,Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore.,Cancer and Stem Cell Biology Program, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Swee-Hin Teoh
- Centre for Bone Tissue Engineering, School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637459, Singapore
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33
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Qing F, Xie P, Liem YS, Chen Y, Chen X, Zhu X, Fan Y, Yang X, Zhang X. Administration duration influences the effects of low-magnitude, high-frequency vibration on ovariectomized rat bone. J Orthop Res 2016; 34:1147-57. [PMID: 26662723 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Low-magnitude, high-frequency vibration (LMHFV) has been proposed as a non-drug anti-osteoporosis treatment. However, the influence of administration duration on its effect is seldom investigated. In this study, the effect of 16-week LMHFV (0.3 g, 30 Hz, 20 min/day) on the bone mineral densities (BMDs), bone mechanical properties, and cellular responses of osteoporotic and healthy rats was examined by in vivo peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT), fracture tests, cell assays, and mRNA quantification. Forty-eight adult rats were equally assigned to sham surgery (SHM), sham surgery with LMHFV (SHM+V), ovariectomy (OVX), and ovariectomy with LMHFV (OVX+V) groups. At week 8, LMHFV ameliorated ovariectomy-induced deterioration of trabecular bone, with a significantly higher tibia trabecular BMD (+11.2%) being noted in OVX+V rats (vs. OVX). However, this positive effect was not observed at later time points. Furthermore, 16 weeks of LMHFV caused significant reductions in the vertebral mean BMD (-13.0%), trabecular BMD (-15.7%), and maximum load (-21.5%) in OVX+V rats (vs. OVX). Osteoblasts derived from osteoporotic rat bone explants showed elevated BSP and OSX mRNA expression induced by LMHFV on day 1. However, no further positive effect on osteoblastic mRNA expression, alkaline phosphatase activity, or calcium deposition was observed with prolonged culture time. A higher ratio of RANKL/OPG induced by LMHFV suggests that osteoclastogenesis may be activated. Together, these results demonstrate that administration duration played an important role in the effect of LMHFV. Early exposure to LMHFV can positively modulate osteoporotic bone and osteoblasts; however, the beneficial effect seems not to persist over time. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:1147-1157, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangzhu Qing
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Pengfei Xie
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Yacincha Selushia Liem
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Ying Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Xuening Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Xiangdong Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Yujiang Fan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.,Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117576, Singapore
| | - Xingdong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
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34
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Leonard MB, Shults J, Long J, Baldassano RN, Brown JK, Hommel K, Zemel BS, Mahboubi S, Whitehead KH, Herskovitz R, Lee D, Rausch J, Rubin CT. Effect of Low-Magnitude Mechanical Stimuli on Bone Density and Structure in Pediatric Crohn's Disease: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial. J Bone Miner Res 2016; 31:1177-88. [PMID: 26821779 PMCID: PMC4891301 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Pediatric Crohn's Disease (CD) is associated with low trabecular bone mineral density (BMD), cortical area, and muscle mass. Low-magnitude mechanical stimulation (LMMS) may be anabolic. We conducted a 12-month randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of 10 minutes daily exposure to LMMS (30 Hz frequency, 0.3 g peak-to-peak acceleration). The primary outcomes were tibia trabecular BMD and cortical area by peripheral quantitative CT (pQCT) and vertebral trabecular BMD by QCT; additional outcomes included dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) whole body, hip and spine BMD, and leg lean mass. Results were expressed as sex-specific Z-scores relative to age. CD participants, ages 8 to 21 years with tibia trabecular BMD <25th percentile for age, were eligible and received daily cholecalciferol (800 IU) and calcium (1000 mg). In total, 138 enrolled (48% male), and 121 (61 active, 60 placebo) completed the 12-month trial. Median adherence measured with an electronic monitor was 79% and did not differ between arms. By intention-to-treat analysis, LMMS had no significant effect on pQCT or DXA outcomes. The mean change in spine QCT trabecular BMD Z-score was +0.22 in the active arm and -0.02 in the placebo arm (difference in change 0.24 [95% CI 0.04, 0.44]; p = 0.02). Among those with >50% adherence, the effect was 0.38 (95% CI 0.17, 0.58, p < 0.0005). Within the active arm, each 10% greater adherence was associated with a 0.06 (95% CI 0.01, 1.17, p = 0.03) greater increase in spine QCT BMD Z-score. Treatment response did not vary according to baseline body mass index (BMI) Z-score, pubertal status, CD severity, or concurrent glucocorticoid or biologic medications. In all participants combined, height, pQCT trabecular BMD, and cortical area and DXA outcomes improved significantly. In conclusion, LMMS was associated with increases in vertebral trabecular BMD by QCT; however, no effects were observed at DXA or pQCT sites. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary B. Leonard
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Justine Shults
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jin Long
- Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | - Robert N. Baldassano
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania
| | | | - Kevin Hommel
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Babette S. Zemel
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Soroosh Mahboubi
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Krista Howard Whitehead
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Rita Herskovitz
- Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Dale Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Joseph Rausch
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Clinton T. Rubin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
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OLÇUM M, BASKAN Ö, KARADAŞ Ö, ÖZÇİVİCİ E. Application of low intensity mechanical vibrations for bone tissue maintenance and regeneration. Turk J Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.3906/biy-1506-76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Bone mineral density, microarchitectural and mechanical alterations of osteoporotic rat bone under long-term whole-body vibration therapy. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2016; 53:341-349. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Saraff V, Högler W. ENDOCRINOLOGY AND ADOLESCENCE: Osteoporosis in children: diagnosis and management. Eur J Endocrinol 2015; 173:R185-97. [PMID: 26041077 DOI: 10.1530/eje-14-0865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis in children can be primary or secondary due to chronic disease. Awareness among paediatricians is vital to identify patients at risk of developing osteoporosis. Previous fractures and backaches are clinical predictors, and low cortical thickness and low bone density are radiological predictors of fractures. Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is a rare disease and should be managed in tertiary paediatric units with the necessary multidisciplinary expertise. Modern OI management focuses on functional outcomes rather than just improving bone mineral density. While therapy for OI has improved tremendously over the last few decades, this chronic genetic condition has some unpreventable, poorly treatable and disabling complications. In children at risk of secondary osteoporosis, a high degree of suspicion needs to be exercised. In affected children, further weakening of bone should be avoided by minimising exposure to osteotoxic medication and optimising nutrition including calcium and vitamin D. Early intervention is paramount. However, it is important to identify patient groups in whom spontaneous vertebral reshaping and resolution of symptoms occur to avoid unnecessary treatment. Bisphosphonate therapy remains the pharmacological treatment of choice in both primary and secondary osteoporosis in children, despite limited evidence for its use in the latter. The duration and intensity of treatment remain a concern for long-term safety. Various new potent antiresorptive agents are being studied, but more urgently required are studies using anabolic medications that stimulate bone formation. More research is required to bridge the gaps in the evidence for management of paediatric osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vrinda Saraff
- Department of Endocrinology and DiabetesBirmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK
| | - Wolfgang Högler
- Department of Endocrinology and DiabetesBirmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham B4 6NH, UK
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Ren L, Yang P, Wang Z, Zhang J, Ding C, Shang P. Biomechanical and biophysical environment of bone from the macroscopic to the pericellular and molecular level. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2015; 50:104-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2015.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 04/12/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Are Changes in Composition in Response to Treatment of a Mouse Model of Osteogenesis Imperfecta Sex-dependent? Clin Orthop Relat Res 2015; 473:2587-98. [PMID: 25903941 PMCID: PMC4488219 DOI: 10.1007/s11999-015-4268-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disease characterized by skeletal fragility and deformity. There is extensive debate regarding treatment options in adults with OI. Antiresorptive treatment reduces the number of fractures in growing oim/oim mice, an animal model that reproducibly mimics the moderate-to-severe form of OI in humans. Effects of long-term treatments with antiresorptive agents, considered for treatment of older patients with OI with similar presentation (moderate-to-severe OI) are, to date, unknown. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) imaging, which produces a map of the spatial variation in chemical composition in thin sections of bone, was used to address the following questions: (1) do oim/oim mice show a sex dependence in compositional properties at 6.5 months of age; (2) is there a sex-dependent response to treatment with antiresorptive agents used in the treatment of OI in humans; and (3) are any compositional parameters in oim/oim mice corrected to wild-type (WT) values after treatment? METHODS FTIR imaging data were collected from femurs from four to five mice per sex per genotype per treatment. Treatments were 24 weeks of saline, alendronate, or RANK-Fc; and 12 weeks of saline+12 weeks RANK-Fc and 12 weeks of alendronate+RANK-Fc. FTIR imaging compositional parameters measured in cortical and cancellous bones were mineral-to-matrix ratio, carbonate-to-mineral ratio, crystal size/perfection, acid phosphate substitution, collagen maturity, and their respective distributions (heterogeneities). Because of the small sample size, nonparametric statistics (Mann-Whitney U- and Kruskal-Wallis tests with Bonferroni correction) were used to compare saline-treated male and female mice of different genotypes and treatment effects by sex and genotype, respectively. Statistical significance was defined as p<0.05. RESULTS At 6.5 months, saline-treated male cortical oim/oim bone had increased mineral-to-matrix ratio (p=0.016), increased acid phosphate substitution (p=0.032), and decreased carbonate-to-mineral ratio (p=0.016) relative to WT. Cancellous bone in male oim/oim also had increased mineral-to-matrix ratio (p=0.016) relative to male WT. Female oim/oim mouse bone composition for all cortical and cancellous bone parameters was comparable to WT (p>0.05). Only the female WT mice showed a response of mean compositional properties to treatment, increasing mineral-to-matrix after RANK-Fc treatment in cancellous bone (p=0.036) compared with saline-treated mice. Male oim/oim increased mineral-to-matrix cortical and cancellous bone heterogeneity in response to all long-term treatments except for saline+RANK-Fc (p<0.04); female oim/oim cortical mineral-to-matrix bone heterogeneity increased with ALN+RANK-Fc and all treatments increased cancellous female oim/oim bone acid phosphate substitution heterogeneity (p<0.04). CONCLUSIONS Both oim/oim and WT mice, which demonstrate sex-dependent differences in composition with saline treatment, showed few responses to long-term treatment with antiresorptive agents. Female WT mice appeared to be more responsive; male oim/oim mice showed more changes in compositional heterogeneity. Changes in bone composition caused by these agents may contribute to improved bone quality in oim/oim mice, because the treatments are known to reduce fracture incidence. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The optimal drug therapy for long-term treatment of patients with moderate-to-severe OI is unknown. Based on bone compositional changes in mice, antiresorptive treatments are useful for continued treatment in OI. There is a reported sexual dimorphism in fracture incidence in adults with OI, but to date, no one has reported differences in response to pharmaceutical intervention. This study suggests that such an investigation is warranted.
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Edwards JH, Reilly GC. Vibration stimuli and the differentiation of musculoskeletal progenitor cells: Review of results in vitro and in vivo. World J Stem Cells 2015; 7:568-582. [PMID: 25914764 PMCID: PMC4404392 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v7.i3.568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the increasing burden on healthcare budgets of musculoskeletal system disease and injury, there is a growing need for safe, effective and simple therapies. Conditions such as osteoporosis severely impact on quality of life and result in hundreds of hours of hospital time and resources. There is growing interest in the use of low magnitude, high frequency vibration (LMHFV) to improve bone structure and muscle performance in a variety of different patient groups. The technique has shown promise in a number of different diseases, but is poorly understood in terms of the mechanism of action. Scientific papers concerning both the in vivo and in vitro use of LMHFV are growing fast, but they cover a wide range of study types, outcomes measured and regimens tested. This paper aims to provide an overview of some effects of LMHFV found during in vivo studies. Furthermore we will review research concerning the effects of vibration on the cellular responses, in particular for cells within the musculoskeletal system. This includes both osteogenesis and adipogenesis, as well as the interaction between MSCs and other cell types within bone tissue.
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Judex S, Koh TJ, Xie L. Modulation of bone's sensitivity to low-intensity vibrations by acceleration magnitude, vibration duration, and number of bouts. Osteoporos Int 2015; 26:1417-28. [PMID: 25614140 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-014-3018-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Variables defining vibration-based biomechanical treatments were tested by their ability to affect the musculoskeleton in the growing mouse. Duration of a vibration bout, but not variations in vibration intensity or number of vibration bouts per day, was identified as modulator of trabecular bone formation rates. INTRODUCTION Low-intensity vibrations (LIV) may enhance musculoskeletal properties, but little is known regarding the role that individual LIV variables play. We determined whether acceleration magnitude and/or the number and duration of daily loading bouts may modulate LIV efficacy. METHODS LIV was applied to 8-week-old mice at either 0.3 g or 0.6 g for three weeks; the number of daily bouts was one, two, or four, and the duration of a single bout was 15, 30, or 60 min. A frequency of 45 Hz was used throughout. RESULTS LIV induced tibial cortical surface strains in 4-month-old mice of approximately 10 με at 0.3 g and 30 με at 0.6 g. In trabecular bone of the proximal tibial metaphysis, all single daily bout signal combinations with the exception of a single 15 min daily bout at 0.3 g (i.e., single bouts of 30 and 60 min at 0.3 g and 15 and 30 min at 0.6 g) produced greater bone formation rates (BFR/BS) than in controls. Across all signal combinations, 30 and 60 min bouts were significantly more effective than 15 min bouts in raising BFR/BS above control levels. Increasing the number of daily bouts or partitioning a single daily bout into several shorter bouts did not potentiate efficacy and in some instances led to BFR/BS that was not significantly different from those in controls. Bone chemical and muscle properties were similar across all groups. CONCLUSIONS These data may provide a basis towards optimization of LIV efficacy and indicate that in the growing mouse skeleton, increasing bout duration from 15 to 30 or 60 min positively influences BFR/BS.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Judex
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Bioengineering Building, Rm 213, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5281, USA,
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The musculoskeletal system is largely regulated through dynamic physical activity and is compromised by cessation of physical loading. There is a need to recreate the anabolic effects of loading on the musculoskeletal system, especially in frail individuals who cannot exercise. Vibration therapy is designed to be a nonpharmacological analogue of physical activity, with an intention to promote bone and muscle strength. RECENT FINDINGS Animal and human studies suggest that high-frequency, low-magnitude vibration therapy improves bone strength by increasing bone formation and decreasing bone resorption. There is also evidence that vibration therapy is useful in treating sarcopenia, which confounds skeletal fragility and fall risk in aging. Enhancement of skeletal and muscle strength involves regulating the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells to build these tissues; mesenchymal stem cell lineage allocation is positively promoted by vibration signals. SUMMARY Vibration therapy may be useful as a primary treatment as well as an adjunct to both physical and pharmacological treatments, but future studies must pay close attention to compliance and dosing patterns, and importantly, the vibration signal, be it low-intensity vibration (<1g) appropriate for treatment of frail individuals or high-intensity vibration (>1g) marketed as a training exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Thompson
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Carriero A, Zimmermann EA, Paluszny A, Tang SY, Bale H, Busse B, Alliston T, Kazakia G, Ritchie RO, Shefelbine SJ. How tough is brittle bone? Investigating osteogenesis imperfecta in mouse bone. J Bone Miner Res 2014; 29:1392-1401. [PMID: 24420672 PMCID: PMC4477967 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The multiscale hierarchical structure of bone is naturally optimized to resist fractures. In osteogenesis imperfecta, or brittle bone disease, genetic mutations affect the quality and/or quantity of collagen, dramatically increasing bone fracture risk. Here we reveal how the collagen defect results in bone fragility in a mouse model of osteogenesis imperfecta (oim), which has homotrimeric α1(I) collagen. At the molecular level, we attribute the loss in toughness to a decrease in the stabilizing enzymatic cross-links and an increase in nonenzymatic cross-links, which may break prematurely, inhibiting plasticity. At the tissue level, high vascular canal density reduces the stable crack growth, and extensive woven bone limits the crack-deflection toughening during crack growth. This demonstrates how modifications at the bone molecular level have ramifications at larger length scales affecting the overall mechanical integrity of the bone; thus, treatment strategies have to address multiscale properties in order to regain bone toughness. In this regard, findings from the heterozygous oim bone, where defective as well as normal collagen are present, suggest that increasing the quantity of healthy collagen in these bones helps to recover toughness at the multiple length scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Carriero
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, U.K
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, U.S.A
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, U.S.A
| | - E. A. Zimmermann
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, U.S.A
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, U.S.A
| | - A. Paluszny
- Department of Earth Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, U.K
| | - S. Y. Tang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Francisco, U.S.A
| | - H. Bale
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, U.S.A
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, U.S.A
| | - B. Busse
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, U.S.A
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, U.S.A
| | - T. Alliston
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Francisco, U.S.A
| | - G. Kazakia
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, U.S.A
| | - R. O. Ritchie
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, U.S.A
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, U.S.A
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Yamada K, Nishii K, Sakai K, Teranishi T. Stimulus in the form of rotation and shaking of a platform and its effect on the formation of trabecular bone in the lumbar vertebrae of mice. Aging Clin Exp Res 2013; 25:625-32. [PMID: 24146364 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-013-0164-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Elderly individuals who suffer a fracture develop a gait disturbance and require prolonged bedrest. A fracture has a massive impact both physically and mentally and markedly diminishes quality of life. A new form of therapeutic exercise that mitigates the abrupt decrease in bone density in postmenopausal women must soon be developed so that those problems can be avoided. METHODS The current study used a model of the decrease in bone density in ovariectomized mice to simulate postmenopausal women. The stimulus was provided by a shaking horizontal platform rotating in a circular motion. RESULTS Comparison of the +/+ (ovariectomized/stimulated) group and +/- group indicated a significant decrease in BV/TV (p < 0.01), Tb.Th (p < 0.01), and Tb.N (p < 0.05) in the +/+ group and a significant increase in OV/BV (p < 0.01), OV/OS (p < 0.01), BFR/BV (p < 0.01), dLS/BS (p < 0.05), MS/BS (p < 0.05), BRs.R (p < 0.01), and Tb.Sp (p < 0.01) in the +/+ group. Physical therapy to prevent a decrease in bone density was studied via stimulus in the form of rotation of a platform. Analysis of bone histomorphometry revealed lessening of the decrease in bone density of the lumbar vertebrae, a feat that the stimulus from conventional physical therapy had failed to achieve. CONCLUSION The current study delivered a shaking stimulus to mice in a model of postmenopause. Analysis of bone histomorphometry of the lumbar vertebrae suggested lessening of the abrupt decrease in bone density of trabecular bone. If this finding is used clinically, it could lead to physical therapy exercise that would be able to prevent compression fractures of the lumbar vertebrae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouji Yamada
- School of Health Sciences, Fujita Health University, 1-98, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan,
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