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Zhao M, Qiu D, Miao X, Yang W, Li S, Cheng X, Tang J, Chen H, Ruan H, Liu Y, Wei C, Xiao J. Melatonin Delays Arthritis Inflammation and Reduces Cartilage Matrix Degradation through the SIRT1-Mediated NF-κB/Nrf2/TGF-β/BMPs Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6202. [PMID: 38892389 PMCID: PMC11172638 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cartilage, a flexible and smooth connective tissue that envelops the surfaces of synovial joints, relies on chondrocytes for extracellular matrix (ECM) production and the maintenance of its structural and functional integrity. Melatonin (MT), renowned for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, holds the potential to modulate cartilage regeneration and degradation. Therefore, the present study was devoted to elucidating the mechanism of MT on chondrocytes. The in vivo experiment consisted of three groups: Sham (only the skin tissue was incised), Model (using the anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) method), and MT (30 mg/kg), with sample extraction following 12 weeks of administration. Pathological alterations in articular cartilage, synovium, and subchondral bone were evaluated using Safranin O-fast green staining. Immunohistochemistry (ICH) analysis was employed to assess the expression of matrix degradation-related markers. The levels of serum cytokines were quantified via Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assays. In in vitro experiments, primary chondrocytes were divided into Control, Model, MT, negative control, and inhibitor groups. Western blotting (WB) and Quantitative RT-PCR (q-PCR) were used to detect Silent information regulator transcript-1 (SIRT1)/Nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB)/Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β)/Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs)-related indicators. Immunofluorescence (IF) analysis was employed to examine the status of type II collagen (COL2A1), SIRT1, phosphorylated NF-κB p65 (p-p65), and phosphorylated mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2 (p-Smad2). In vivo results revealed that the MT group exhibited a relatively smooth cartilage surface, modest chondrocyte loss, mild synovial hyperplasia, and increased subchondral bone thickness. ICH results showed that MT downregulated the expression of components related to matrix degradation. ELISA results showed that MT reduced serum inflammatory cytokine levels. In vitro experiments confirmed that MT upregulated the expression of SIRT1/Nrf2/TGF-β/BMPs while inhibiting the NF-κB pathway and matrix degradation-related components. The introduction of the SIRT1 inhibitor Selisistat (EX527) reversed the effects of MT. Together, these findings suggest that MT has the potential to ameliorate inflammation, inhibit the release of matrix-degrading enzymes, and improve the cartilage condition. This study provides a new theoretical basis for understanding the role of MT in decelerating cartilage degradation and promoting chondrocyte repair in in vivo and in vitro cultured chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jianhua Xiao
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (M.Z.); (D.Q.); (X.M.); (W.Y.); (S.L.); (X.C.); (J.T.); (H.C.); (H.R.); (Y.L.); (C.W.)
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2
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Li Y, Zhao J, Guo S, He D. siRNA therapy in osteoarthritis: targeting cellular pathways for advanced treatment approaches. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1382689. [PMID: 38895116 PMCID: PMC11184127 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1382689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disorder characterized by the degeneration of cartilage and inflammation, affecting millions worldwide. The disease's complex pathogenesis involves various cell types, such as chondrocytes, synovial cells, osteoblasts, and immune cells, contributing to the intricate interplay of factors leading to tissue degradation and pain. RNA interference (RNAi) therapy, particularly through the use of small interfering RNA (siRNA), emerges as a promising avenue for OA treatment due to its capacity for specific gene silencing. siRNA molecules can modulate post-transcriptional gene expression, targeting key pathways involved in cellular proliferation, apoptosis, senescence, autophagy, biomolecule secretion, inflammation, and bone remodeling. This review delves into the mechanisms by which siRNA targets various cell populations within the OA milieu, offering a comprehensive overview of the potential therapeutic benefits and challenges in clinical application. By summarizing the current advancements in siRNA delivery systems and therapeutic targets, we provide a solid theoretical foundation for the future development of novel siRNA-based strategies for OA diagnosis and treatment, paving the way for innovative and more effective approaches to managing this debilitating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunshen Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianan Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shicheng Guo
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongyi He
- Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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3
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Zhao X, Liu W, Wu Z, He X, Tang Y, He Q, Lin C, Chen Y, Luo G, Yu T, Wang X. Hepatocyte growth factor is protective in early stage but bone-destructive in late stage of experimental periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:565-575. [PMID: 38240289 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Clinical studies found high levels of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) expression in patients with periodontitis. Studies suggest that HGF plays an important role in periodontitis, is involved in inflammation, and modulates alveolar bone integrity in periodontitis. This study aims to investigate the effects and mechanisms of HGF in the progression of experimental periodontitis. METHODS We used silk thread ligation to induce periodontitis in HGF-overexpressing transgenic (HGF-Tg) and wild-type C57BL/6J mice. The effects of HGF overexpression on alveolar bone destruction were assessed by microcomputed tomography imaging at baseline and on days 7, 14, 21, and 28. We analyzed the cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) and lymphocytes in periodontitis tissues by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and flow cytometry. The effects of HGF on alveolar bone destruction were further tested by quantifying the systemic bone metabolism markers CTXI and PINP and by RNA sequencing for the signaling pathways involved in bone destruction. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were performed to further elucidate the involved signaling pathways. RESULTS We found that experimental periodontitis increased HGF production in periodontitis tissues; however, the effects of HGF overexpression were inconsistent with disease progression. In the early stage of periodontitis, periodontal inflammation and alveolar bone destruction were significantly lower in HGF-Tg mice than in wild-type mice. In the late stage, HGF-Tg mice showed higher inflammatory responses and progressively aggravated bone destruction with continued stimulation of inflammation. We identified the IL-17/RANKL/TRAF6 pathway as a signaling pathway involved in the HGF effects on the progression of periodontitis. CONCLUSION HGF plays divergent effects in the progression of experimental periodontitis and accelerates osteoclastic activity and bone destruction in the late stage of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Zhao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangzhou key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of oral Regenerative Medine & Optional Institutions, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weijia Liu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangzhou key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of oral Regenerative Medine & Optional Institutions, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhicong Wu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangzhou key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of oral Regenerative Medine & Optional Institutions, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoxi He
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangzhou key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of oral Regenerative Medine & Optional Institutions, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yinghua Tang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangzhou key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of oral Regenerative Medine & Optional Institutions, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian He
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangzhou key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of oral Regenerative Medine & Optional Institutions, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chuyin Lin
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangzhou key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of oral Regenerative Medine & Optional Institutions, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yannan Chen
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangzhou key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of oral Regenerative Medine & Optional Institutions, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Gang Luo
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangzhou key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of oral Regenerative Medine & Optional Institutions, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Yu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangzhou key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of oral Regenerative Medine & Optional Institutions, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinhong Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Guangzhou key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of oral Regenerative Medine & Optional Institutions, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Nielsen RL, Monfeuga T, Kitchen RR, Egerod L, Leal LG, Schreyer ATH, Gade FS, Sun C, Helenius M, Simonsen L, Willert M, Tahrani AA, McVey Z, Gupta R. Data-driven identification of predictive risk biomarkers for subgroups of osteoarthritis using interpretable machine learning. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2817. [PMID: 38561399 PMCID: PMC10985086 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46663-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is increasing in prevalence and has a severe impact on patients' lives. However, our understanding of biomarkers driving OA risk remains limited. We developed a model predicting the five-year risk of OA diagnosis, integrating retrospective clinical, lifestyle and biomarker data from the UK Biobank (19,120 patients with OA, ROC-AUC: 0.72, 95%CI (0.71-0.73)). Higher age, BMI and prescription of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs contributed most to increased OA risk prediction ahead of diagnosis. We identified 14 subgroups of OA risk profiles. These subgroups were validated in an independent set of patients evaluating the 11-year OA risk, with 88% of patients being uniquely assigned to one of the 14 subgroups. Individual OA risk profiles were characterised by personalised biomarkers. Omics integration demonstrated the predictive importance of key OA genes and pathways (e.g., GDF5 and TGF-β signalling) and OA-specific biomarkers (e.g., CRTAC1 and COL9A1). In summary, this work identifies opportunities for personalised OA prevention and insights into its underlying pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Line Egerod
- Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Luis G Leal
- Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Carol Sun
- Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Zahra McVey
- Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Felix FB, Dias J, Vago JP, Martins DG, Beltrami VA, Fernandes DDO, Menezes Dos Santos ACP, Queiroz-Junior CM, de Sousa LP, Amaral FA, Soriani FM, Teixeira MM, Pinho V. Blocking the HGF-MET pathway induces resolution of neutrophilic inflammation by promoting neutrophil apoptosis and efferocytosis. Pharmacol Res 2023; 188:106640. [PMID: 36627004 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation resolution is an active process that involves cellular events such as apoptosis and efferocytosis, which are key steps in the restoration of tissue homeostasis. Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a growth factor mostly produced by mesenchymal-origin cells and has been described to act via MET receptor tyrosine kinase. The HGF/MET axis is essential for determining the progression and severity of inflammatory and immune-mediated disorders. Here, we investigated the effect of blocking the HGF/MET signalling pathway by PF-04217903 on the resolution of established models of neutrophilic inflammation. In a self-resolving model of gout induced by MSU crystals, HGF expression on periarticular tissue peaked at 12 h, the same time point that neutrophils reach their maximal accumulation in the joints. The HGF/MET axis was activated in this model, as demonstrated by increased levels of MET phosphorylation in neutrophils (Ly6G+ cells). In addition, the number of neutrophils was reduced in the knee exudate after PF-04217903 treatment, an effect accompanied by increased neutrophil apoptosis and efferocytosis and enhanced expression of Annexin A1, a key molecule for inflammation resolution. Reduced MPO activity, IL-1β and CXCL1 levels were also observed in periarticular tissue. Importantly, PF-04217903 reduced the histopathological score and hypernociceptive response. Similar findings were obtained in LPS-induced neutrophilic pleurisy. In human neutrophils, the combined use of LPS and HGF increased MET phosphorylation and provided a prosurvival signal, whereas blocking MET with PF-04217903 induced caspase-dependent neutrophil apoptosis. Taken together, these data demonstrate that blocking HGF/MET signalling may be a potential therapeutic strategy for inducing the resolution of neutrophilic inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franciel Batista Felix
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Julia Dias
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Juliana Priscila Vago
- Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Débora Gonzaga Martins
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Amorim Beltrami
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Débora de Oliveira Fernandes
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Celso Martins Queiroz-Junior
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lirlândia Pires de Sousa
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Flávio Almeida Amaral
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Frederico Marianetti Soriani
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Pinho
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
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Fu S, Yan M, Fan Q, Xu J. Salidroside promotes osteoblast proliferation and differentiation via the activation of AMPK to inhibit bone resorption of knee osteoarthritis mice. Tissue Cell 2022; 79:101917. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Study on the Role of MicroRNA-214 in the Rehabilitation of Cartilage in Mice with Exercise-Induced Traumatic Osteoarthritis. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:4100-4117. [PMID: 36135193 PMCID: PMC9497662 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44090281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the possible relationship between the expression of Micro RNA-214 (miR-214) and the pathogenesis and recovery in mice with post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). In this study, 40 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into five groups: model control (MC) group, model (M) group, rehabilitation control (RC) group, model + rehabilitation (M + R) group, and model + convalescent (M + C) group. Four weeks of high-intensity treadmill exercise (HITE) and 4 weeks of moderate-intensity treadmill exercise (MITE) were implemented for PTOA modeling and rehabilitation, respectively. In vitro, 10% elongation mechanical strain was used for IL-1β stimulated chondrocytes. We found that compared with the MC group, there was a significant increase in the aspect of inflammation and catabolism while a dramatic fall in miR-214 expression was observed in the M group. After the 4 weeks of MITE, the level of inflammation and metabolism, as well as miR-214 expression, was partially reversed in the M + R group compared with the M + C group. The expression of miR-214 decreased dramatically after chondrocyte stimulation by IL-1β and then increased significantly after 10% strain was applied to IL-1β-treated cells. These results suggest that a suitable mechanical load can increase the expression of miR-214, and that miR-214 may play a chondroprotective effect in the development of OA.
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Marsh S, Constantin-Teodosiu T, Chapman V, Sottile V. In vitro Exposure to Inflammatory Mediators Affects the Differentiation of Mesenchymal Progenitors. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:908507. [PMID: 35813997 PMCID: PMC9257013 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.908507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of joint disease, and in particular osteoarthritis (OA), calls for novel treatment strategies to prevent disease progression in addition to existing approaches focusing mainly on the relief of pain symptoms. The inherent properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) make them an attractive candidate for novel tissue repair strategies, as these progenitors have the potential to differentiate into chondrocytes needed to replace degraded cartilage and can exert a modulating effect on the inflammatory environment of the diseased joint. However, the inflammatory environment of the joint may affect the ability of these cells to functionally integrate into the host tissue and exert beneficial effects, as hinted by a lack of success seen in clinical trials. Identification of factors and cell signalling pathways that influence MSC function is therefore critical for ensuring their success in the clinic, and here the effects of inflammatory mediators on bone marrow-derived MSCs were evaluated. Human MSCs were cultured in the presence of inflammatory mediators typically associated with OA pathology (IL-1β, IL-8, IL-10). While exposure to these factors did not produce marked effects on MSC proliferation, changes were observed when the mediators were added under differentiating conditions. Results collected over 21 days showed that exposure to IL-1β significantly affected the differentiation response of these cells exposed to chondrogenic and osteogenic conditions, with gene expression analysis indicating changes in MAPK, Wnt and TLR signalling pathways, alongside an increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and cartilage degrading enzymes. These results highlight the value of MSCs as a preclinical model to study OA and provide a basis to define the impact of factors driving OA pathology on the therapeutic potential of MSCs for novel OA treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Marsh
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - T. Constantin-Teodosiu
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - V. Chapman
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - V. Sottile
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- *Correspondence: V. Sottile,
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9
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Bailey KN, Alliston T. At the Crux of Joint Crosstalk: TGFβ Signaling in the Synovial Joint. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2022; 24:184-197. [PMID: 35499698 PMCID: PMC9184360 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-022-01074-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The effect of the transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) signaling pathway on joint homeostasis is tissue-specific, non-linear, and context-dependent, representing a unique complexity in targeting TGFβ signaling in joint disease. Here we discuss the variety of mechanisms that TGFβ signaling employs in the synovial joint to maintain healthy joint crosstalk and the ways in which aberrant TGFβ signaling can result in joint degeneration. RECENT FINDINGS Osteoarthritis (OA) epitomizes a condition of disordered joint crosstalk in which multiple joint tissues degenerate leading to overall joint deterioration. Synovial joint tissues, such as subchondral bone, articular cartilage, and synovium, as well as mesenchymal stem cells, each demonstrate aberrant TGFβ signaling during joint disease, whether by excessive or suppressed signaling, imbalance of canonical and non-canonical signaling, a perturbed mechanical microenvironment, or a distorted response to TGFβ signaling during aging. The synovial joint relies upon a sophisticated alliance among each joint tissue to maintain joint homeostasis. The TGFβ signaling pathway is a key regulator of the health of individual joint tissues, and the subsequent interaction among these different joint tissues, also known as joint crosstalk. Dissecting the sophisticated function of TGFβ signaling in the synovial joint is key to therapeutically interrogating the pathway to optimize overall joint health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsyn N Bailey
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, CA, 94143, San Francisco, USA
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Tamara Alliston
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Avenue, CA, 94143, San Francisco, USA.
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Tonomura H, Nagae M, Takatori R, Ishibashi H, Itsuji T, Takahashi K. The Potential Role of Hepatocyte Growth Factor in Degenerative Disorders of the Synovial Joint and Spine. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228717. [PMID: 33218127 PMCID: PMC7698933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of the changing role of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) signaling in the healthy and diseased synovial joint and spine. HGF is a multifunctional growth factor that, like its specific receptor c-Met, is widely expressed in several bone and joint tissues. HGF has profound effects on cell survival and proliferation, matrix metabolism, inflammatory response, and neurotrophic action. HGF plays an important role in normal bone and cartilage turnover. Changes in HGF/c-Met have also been linked to pathophysiological changes in degenerative joint diseases, such as osteoarthritis (OA) and intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). A therapeutic role of HGF has been proposed in the regeneration of osteoarticular tissues. HGF also influences bone remodeling and peripheral nerve activity. Studies aimed at elucidating the changing role of HGF/c-Met signaling in OA and IDD at different pathophysiological stages, and their specific molecular mechanisms are needed. Such studies will contribute to safe and effective HGF/c-Met signaling-based treatments for OA and IDD.
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11
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Suzuki S, Aoki A, Katagiri S, Maekawa S, Ejiri K, Kong S, Nagata M, Yamaguchi Y, Ohshima M, Izumi Y. Detection of hepatocyte growth factor in oral rinses using water for possible periodontal diagnosis. J Oral Sci 2020; 62:250-255. [PMID: 32418927 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.18-0226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) levels in oral rinses using water and clinical parameters of periodontitis; and furthermore, to evaluate the potential of a prototype HGF immunochromatographic paper test strip (HGF-TS) for screening of periodontitis, in comparison with a commercially-available occult blood (hemoglobin) test strip (Hb-TS). Clinical periodontal parameters were recorded, and oral rinses were collected, from 125 subjects. Then, the presence of HGF, and hemoglobin (Hb), in each sample was detected using a prototype HGF-TS and an Hb-TS. In addition, the concentrations of HGF and Hb were also determined in each sample is necessary HGF concentrations in oral rinses showed significant correlations with clinical parameters of periodontitis. The positive rate and read value on HGF-TS showed significantly high values in cases of severe periodontitis compared to healthy subjects. Hb-TS showed generally higher positive rates than HGF-TS; however, it showed false positive results in healthy subjects. The concentration of HGF in oral rinses showed close association with the severity of periodontitis, suggesting that the prototype HGF-TS has potential for use in the diagnosis of periodontitis, although further refinement of the test strip is required to increase the sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinta Suzuki
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate school of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Akira Aoki
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate school of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Sayaka Katagiri
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate school of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Shogo Maekawa
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate school of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Kenichiro Ejiri
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate school of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Sophannary Kong
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate school of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Mizuki Nagata
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate school of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
| | - Yoko Yamaguchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Mitsuhiro Ohshima
- Department of Biochemistry, Ohu University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Yuichi Izumi
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate school of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University
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12
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Jafri MA, Kalamegam G, Abbas M, Al-Kaff M, Ahmed F, Bakhashab S, Rasool M, Naseer MI, Sinnadurai V, Pushparaj PN. Deciphering the Association of Cytokines, Chemokines, and Growth Factors in Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Using an ex vivo Osteochondral Culture System. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 7:380. [PMID: 32010693 PMCID: PMC6979484 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disorder associated with degradation and decreased production of the extracellular matrix, eventually leading to cartilage destruction. Limited chondrocyte turnover, structural damage, and prevailing inflammatory milieu prevent efficient cartilage repair and restoration of joint function. In the present study, we evaluated the role of secreted cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors present in the culture supernatant obtained from an ex vivo osteochondral model of cartilage differentiation using cartilage pellets (CP), bone marrow stem cells (BM-MSCs), and/or BM-MSCs + CP. Multiplex cytokine analysis showed differential secretion of growth factors (G-CSF, GM-CSF, HGF, EGF, VEGF); chemokines (MCP-1, MIP1α, MIP1β, RANTES, Eotaxin, IP-10), pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, TNFα, IL-12, IL-15, IL-17) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, and IL-13) in the experimental groups compared to the control. In silico analyses of the role of stem cells and CP in relation to the expression of various molecules, canonical pathways and hierarchical cluster patterns were deduced using the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software (Qiagen, United States). The interactions of the cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors that are involved in the cartilage differentiation showed that stem cells, when used together with CP, bring about a favorable cell signaling that supports cartilage differentiation and additionally helps to attenuate inflammatory cytokines and further downstream disease-associated pro-inflammatory pathways. Hence, the autologous or allogeneic stem cells and local cartilage tissues may be used for efficient cartilage differentiation and the management of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Alam Jafri
- Centre of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gauthaman Kalamegam
- Centre of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Sheikh Salem Bin Mahfouz Scientific Chair for Treatment of Osteoarthritis by Stem Cells, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Medicine, Asian Institute of Medicine, Science and Technology University, Bedong, Malaysia
| | - Mohammed Abbas
- Sheikh Salem Bin Mahfouz Scientific Chair for Treatment of Osteoarthritis by Stem Cells, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al-Kaff
- Sheikh Salem Bin Mahfouz Scientific Chair for Treatment of Osteoarthritis by Stem Cells, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farid Ahmed
- Centre of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sherin Bakhashab
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood Rasool
- Centre of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Imran Naseer
- Centre of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vasan Sinnadurai
- Faculty of Medicine, Asian Institute of Medicine, Science and Technology University, Bedong, Malaysia
| | - Peter Natesan Pushparaj
- Centre of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Grieshaber-Bouyer R, Kämmerer T, Rosshirt N, Nees TA, Koniezke P, Tripel E, Schiltenwolf M, Kirsch J, Hagmann S, Moradi B. Divergent Mononuclear Cell Participation and Cytokine Release Profiles Define Hip and Knee Osteoarthritis. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8101631. [PMID: 31590365 PMCID: PMC6832735 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8101631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive joint disease driven by a blend of inflammatory and biomechanical processes. Studies using human samples to understand inflammatory mechanisms in OA frequently recruit OA patients with different affected joints, even though recent evidence indicates that OA is a heterogeneous disease which only culminates in a common end point. Differences in age of onset and the dynamics of disease progression suggest that different joints may represent different disease entities, thereby diluting the discovery potential in a combined analysis. We hypothesized that different OA joints may also differ in immunopathology within the synovium. To investigate this hypothesis, we profiled the immune cell contribution (flow cytometry) and cytokine release profiles (ELISA) in purified synovial membrane mononuclear cells from 50 patients undergoing either hip (n = 34) or knee (n = 16) replacement surgery. Unsupervised computational approaches were used for disease deconstruction. We found that hip and knee osteoarthritis are not identical in respect to the inflammatory processes that take place in the synovial membrane. Instead, we report that principally CD14+ macrophages are expanded fourfold in the synovial membrane of patients with knee OA compared to hip OA, with a trend to higher expression in CD8+ T cells, while CD4+ T cells, B cells, and NK cells were found at comparable quantities. Upon isolation and culture of cells from synovial membrane, isolates from hip OA released higher concentrations of Eotaxin (CCL11), G-CSF, GM-CSF, INF-γ, IP-10 (CXCL10), TNF-α, MIP-1α (CCL3), MIP-1β (CCL4), IL-4, IL-10, IL-17, and lower concentrations of stem cell factor (SCF), thereby highlighting the difference in the nature of hip and knee osteoarthritis. Taken together, this study establishes hip and knee OA as immunologically distinct types of OA, and creates a resource of the cytokine expression landscape and mononuclear cell infiltration pattern of patients with hip and knee osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Grieshaber-Bouyer
- University Clinic of Heidelberg, Clinic for Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Schlierbacher, Landstr, 200a 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology, and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Till Kämmerer
- University Clinic of Heidelberg, Clinic for Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Schlierbacher, Landstr, 200a 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Nils Rosshirt
- University Clinic of Heidelberg, Clinic for Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Schlierbacher, Landstr, 200a 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Timo A Nees
- University Clinic of Heidelberg, Clinic for Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Schlierbacher, Landstr, 200a 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Philipp Koniezke
- University Clinic of Heidelberg, Clinic for Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Schlierbacher, Landstr, 200a 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Elena Tripel
- University Clinic of Heidelberg, Clinic for Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Schlierbacher, Landstr, 200a 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Marcus Schiltenwolf
- University Clinic of Heidelberg, Clinic for Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Schlierbacher, Landstr, 200a 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Johannes Kirsch
- University Clinic of Heidelberg, Clinic for Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Schlierbacher, Landstr, 200a 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Sébastien Hagmann
- University Clinic of Heidelberg, Clinic for Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Schlierbacher, Landstr, 200a 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Babak Moradi
- University Clinic of Heidelberg, Clinic for Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Schlierbacher, Landstr, 200a 69118 Heidelberg, Germany.
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14
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Hügle T, Geurts J. What drives osteoarthritis?-synovial versus subchondral bone pathology. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2017; 56:1461-1471. [PMID: 28003493 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kew389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Subchondral bone and the synovium play an important role in the initiation and progression of OA. MRI often permits an early detection of synovial hypertrophy and bone marrow lesions, both of which can precede cartilage damage. Newer imaging modalities including CT osteoabsorptiometry and hybrid SPECT-CT have underlined the importance of bone in OA pathogenesis. The subchondral bone in OA undergoes an uncoupled remodelling process, which is notably characterized by macrophage infiltration and osteoclast formation. Concomitant increased osteoblast activity leads to spatial remineralization and osteosclerosis in end-stage disease. A plethora of metabolic and mechanical factors can lead to synovitis in OA. Synovial tissue is highly vascularized and thus exposed to systemic influences such as hypercholesterolaemia or low grade inflammation. This review aims to describe the current understanding of synovitis and subchondral bone pathology and their connection in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hügle
- Osteoarthritis Research Center Basel.,Department of Rheumatology
| | - Jeroen Geurts
- Osteoarthritis Research Center Basel.,Spine Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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15
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Abed É, Delalandre A, Lajeunesse D. Beneficial effect of resveratrol on phenotypic features and activity of osteoarthritic osteoblasts. Arthritis Res Ther 2017; 19:151. [PMID: 28666466 PMCID: PMC5493084 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-017-1365-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is a complex disease, which affects multiple tissues, namely the subchondral bone, articular cartilage and synovial membrane. Alterations of the subchondral bone include an increased, yet under mineralized osteoid matrix, abnormal osteoblast cell phenotype including elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, increased release of osteocalcin (OC) and transforming growth factor β-1 (TGF-β1). Previous studies have demonstrated an inhibition of the canonical Wnt signaling (cWnt) pathway in OA osteoblasts (Ob). As resveratrol (RSV) has been shown to upregulate the Wnt signaling pathway in different cell systems, we hypothesized that RSV could be beneficial for OA Ob. Method We prepared primary human Ob using the subchondral bone plate of tibial plateaus of OA patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty, or tibial plateaus of normal individuals at autopsy. Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) expression in normal and OA subchondral bone tissue was evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis. Expression of genes was evaluated by qRT-PCR and protein production by western blot analysis. ALP activity and osteocalcin secretion were evaluated respectively with substrate hydrolysis and enzyme immunoassay. Mineralization levels were evaluated with alizarin red staining. Wnt/β-catenin signaling was evaluated by target gene expression using the TOPflash TCF/lef luciferase reporter assay and intracellular signaling using β-catenin levels in western blot analysis. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk)1/2 and the Smad1/5/8 pathways were evaluated by western blot analysis. Results Sirt1 expression and production were reduced in OA subchondral bone tissue compared to normal tissue. RSV upregulated Sirt1 and its activity, and reduced the expression of leptin. RSV increased Erk1/2 phosphorylation in OA Ob; however, it had no effect on Smad 1/5/8 phosphorylation. RSV had little effect on cell proliferation and only slightly affected the Bax/Bcl2 ratio. The expression of Runx2/Cbfa1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ were not affected by increasing doses of RSV. The endogenous increased ALP activity and OC release observed in OA Ob compared to normal Ob were partly corrected only for ALP at high RSV levels but not for OC release. In contrast, RSV increased the mineralization of OA Ob. Moreover, whereas Wnt3a stimulates the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in these cells, RSV further increased the response to Wnt3a. Conclusion These data indicate that RSV promotes Sirt1 levels, inhibits the endogenous expression of leptin by OA osteoblasts and can promote the Wnt/β-catenin and Erk1/2 signaling pathways, which are altered in these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Élie Abed
- Unité de recherche en Arthrose, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900, rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, Québec, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Aline Delalandre
- Unité de recherche en Arthrose, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900, rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, Québec, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Daniel Lajeunesse
- Unité de recherche en Arthrose, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), 900, rue Saint-Denis, Montréal, Québec, H2X 0A9, Canada.
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16
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Corrado A, Maruotti N, Cantatore FP. Osteoblast Role in Rheumatic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18061272. [PMID: 28617323 PMCID: PMC5486094 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in osteoblast growth, differentiation and activity play a role in the pathogenesis of several rheumatic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritides, osteoarthritis, and osteoporosis. In fact, in these rheumatic diseases, abnormal activity of Wnt signaling, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK)-RANK ligand (RANKL)-osteoprotegerin (OPG) signaling, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) pathway and other mechanisms have been described in osteoblasts. This review article is focused on current knowledge on the role of osteoblast dysregulation occurring in rheumatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Addolorata Corrado
- Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia Medical School, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
| | - Nicola Maruotti
- Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia Medical School, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
| | - Francesco Paolo Cantatore
- Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia Medical School, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
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17
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Maruotti N, Corrado A, Cantatore FP. Osteoblast role in osteoarthritis pathogenesis. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:2957-2963. [PMID: 28425564 PMCID: PMC5575507 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Even if osteoarthritis pathogenesis is still poorly understood, numerous evidences suggest that osteoblasts dysregulation plays a key role in osteoarthritis pathogenesis. An abnormal expression of OPG and RANKL has been described in osteoarthritis osteoblasts, which is responsible for abnormal bone remodeling and decreased mineralization. Alterations in genes expression are involved in dysregulation of osteoblast function, bone remodeling, and mineralization, leading to osteoarthritis development. Moreover, osteoblasts produce numerous transcription factors, growth factors, and other proteic molecules which are involved in osteoarthritis pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Maruotti
- Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia Medical School, Foggia, Italy
| | - Addolorata Corrado
- Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia Medical School, Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesco P Cantatore
- Rheumatology Clinic, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia Medical School, Foggia, Italy
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18
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Epigenetic regulation of HGF/Met receptor axis is critical for the outgrowth of bone metastasis from breast carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2578. [PMID: 28151481 PMCID: PMC5386451 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Our translational research deals with the influence of microenvironment on the phenotype and colonization of bone metastases from breast carcinoma, and on pre-metastatic niche formation. The aim of the present study was to clarify the origin of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), ligand of Met receptor, the control of the axis HGF/Met by DNA methylation, and its importance for the nexus supportive cells-metastatic cells and for metastasis outgrowth. In bone metastasis of the 1833-xenograft model, DNA methyltransferase blockade using the chemotherapic drug 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (decitabine) strongly reduced the expression of HGF/Met receptor axis and of E-cadherin, with decrease of metastasis wideness and osteolysis, prolonging mice survival. Thus, DNA methylation events acted as commanders of breast carcinoma cells metastatizing to bone influencing the epithelial phenotype. HGF emerged as a bone-marrow stimulus, and the exosomes seemed to furnish HGF to metastatic cells. In fact, decitabine treatment similarly affected some markers of these microvesicles and HGF, indicating that its supply to recipient cells was prevented. Notably, in bone metastasis the hypomethylation of HGF, Met and E-cadherin promoters did not appear responsible for their elevated expression, but we suggest the involvement of hypermethylated regulators and of Wwox oncosuppressor, the latter being affected by decitabine. Wwox expression increased under decitabine strongly localizing in nuclei of bone metastases. We hypothesize a role of Wwox in Met activity since in vitro Wwox overexpression downregulated the level of nuclear-Met protein fragment and Met stability, also under long exposure of 1833 cells to decitabine. HGF enhanced phosphoMet and the activity in nuclei, an effect partially prevented by decitabine. Altogether, the data indicated the importance to target the tumor microenvironment by blocking epigenetic mechanisms, which control critical events for colonization such as HGF/Met axis and Wwox, as therapy of bone metastasis.
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19
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Mittal SK, Omoto M, Amouzegar A, Sahu A, Rezazadeh A, Katikireddy KR, Shah DI, Sahu SK, Chauhan SK. Restoration of Corneal Transparency by Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2016; 7:583-590. [PMID: 27693426 PMCID: PMC5063582 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Transparency of the cornea is indispensable for optimal vision. Ocular trauma is a leading cause of corneal opacity, leading to 25 million cases of blindness annually. Recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have gained prominence due to their inflammation-suppressing and tissue repair functions. Here, we investigate the potential of MSCs to restore corneal transparency following ocular injury. Using an in vivo mouse model of ocular injury, we report that MSCs have the capacity to restore corneal transparency by secreting high levels of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). Interestingly, our data also show that HGF alone can restore corneal transparency, an observation that has translational implications for the development of HGF-based therapy. Inflammation drives MSCs to secrete elevated levels of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) MSC-derived HGF restores corneal transparency by inhibiting myofibroblast generation HGF alone can restore corneal transparency
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharad K Mittal
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, 20 Staniford Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Masahiro Omoto
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, 20 Staniford Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Afsaneh Amouzegar
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, 20 Staniford Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Anuradha Sahu
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, 20 Staniford Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Alexandra Rezazadeh
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, 20 Staniford Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Kishore R Katikireddy
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, 20 Staniford Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Dhvanit I Shah
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Srikant K Sahu
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, 20 Staniford Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Sunil K Chauhan
- Schepens Eye Research Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, 20 Staniford Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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20
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Frisch RN, Curtis KM, Aenlle KK, Howard GA. Hepatocyte growth factor and alternative splice variants - expression, regulation and implications in osteogenesis and bone health and repair. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 20:1087-98. [PMID: 26941128 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2016.1162293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into multiple cell types, including osteoblasts, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. These pluripotent cells secrete hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), which regulates cell growth, survival, motility, migration, mitogenesis and is important for tissue development/regeneration. HGF has four splice variants, NK1, NK2, NK3, and NK4 which have varying functions and affinities for the HGF receptor, cMET. HGF promotes osteoblastic differentiation of MSCs into bone forming cells, playing a role in bone development, health and repair. AREAS COVERED This review will focus on the effects of HGF in osteogenesis, bone repair and bone health, including structural and functional insights into the role of HGF in the body. EXPERT OPINION Approximately 6.2 million Americans experience a fracture annually, with 5-10% being mal- or non-union fractures. HGF is important in priming MSCs for osteogenic differentiation in vitro and is currently being studied to assess its role during bone repair in vivo. Due to the high turnover rate of systemic HGF, non-classic modes of HGF-treatment, including naked-plasmid HGF delivery and the use of HGF splice variants (NK1 & NK2) are being studied to find safe and efficacious treatments for bone disorders, such as mal- or non-union fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel N Frisch
- a Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, and Research Service , Bruce W. Carter Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Kevin M Curtis
- a Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, and Research Service , Bruce W. Carter Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Miami , FL , USA.,b Biochemistry & Molecular Biology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Kristina K Aenlle
- a Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, and Research Service , Bruce W. Carter Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Guy A Howard
- a Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, and Research Service , Bruce W. Carter Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Miami , FL , USA.,b Biochemistry & Molecular Biology , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA.,c Medicine , University of Miami Miller School of Medicine , Miami , FL , USA
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