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Hernández-Barrientos D, Pelayo R, Mayani H. The hematopoietic microenvironment: a network of niches for the development of all blood cell lineages. J Leukoc Biol 2023; 114:404-420. [PMID: 37386890 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood cell formation (hematopoiesis) takes place mainly in the bone marrow, within the hematopoietic microenvironment, composed of a number of different cell types and their molecular products that together shape spatially organized and highly specialized microstructures called hematopoietic niches. From the earliest developmental stages and throughout the myeloid and lymphoid lineage differentiation pathways, hematopoietic niches play a crucial role in the preservation of cellular integrity and the regulation of proliferation and differentiation rates. Current evidence suggests that each blood cell lineage develops under specific, discrete niches that support committed progenitor and precursor cells and potentially cooperate with transcriptional programs determining the gradual lineage commitment and specification. This review aims to discuss recent advances on the cellular identity and structural organization of lymphoid, granulocytic, monocytic, megakaryocytic, and erythroid niches throughout the hematopoietic microenvironment and the mechanisms by which they interconnect and regulate viability, maintenance, maturation, and function of the developing blood cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Hernández-Barrientos
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells Laboratory, Oncology Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, National Medical Center, IMSS, Av. Cuauhtemoc 330. Mexico City, 06720, Mexico
| | - Rosana Pelayo
- Onco-Immunology Laboratory, Eastern Biomedical Research Center, IMSS, Km 4.5 Atlixco-Metepec, 74360, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Hector Mayani
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells Laboratory, Oncology Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, National Medical Center, IMSS, Av. Cuauhtemoc 330. Mexico City, 06720, Mexico
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2
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Rani R, Nayak M, Nayak B. Exploring the reprogramming potential of B cells and comprehending its clinical and therapeutic perspective. Transpl Immunol 2023; 78:101804. [PMID: 36921730 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2023.101804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Initiating from multipotent progenitors, the lineages extrapolated from hematopoietic stem cells are determined by transcription factors specific to each of them. The commitment factors assist in the differentiation of progenitor cells into terminally differentiated cells. B lymphocytes constitute a population of cells that expresses clonally diverse cell surface immunoglobulin (Ig) receptors specific to antigenic epitopes. B cells are a significant facet of the adaptive immune system. The secreted antibodies corresponding to the B cell recognize the antigens via the B cell receptor (BCR). Following antigen recognition, the B cell is activated and thereafter undergoes clonal expansion and proliferation to become memory B cells. The essence of 'cellular reprogramming' has aided in reliably altering the cells to desired tissue type. The potential of reprogramming has been harnessed to decipher and find solutions for various genetically inherited diseases and degenerative disorders. B lymphocytes can be reprogrammed to their initial naive state from where they get differentiated into any lineage or cell type similar to a pluripotent stem cell which can be accomplished by the deletion of master regulators of the B cell lineage. B cells can be reprogrammed into pluripotent stem cells and also can undergo transdifferentiation at the midway of cell differentiation to other cell types. Mandated expression of C/EBP in specialized B cells corresponds to their fast and effective reprogramming into macrophages, reversing the cell fate of these lymphocytes and allowing them to differentiate freshly into other types of cells. The co-expression of C/EBPα and OKSM (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc) amplified the reprogramming efficiency of B lymphocytes. Various human somatic cells including the immune cells are compliant to reprogramming which paves a path for opportunities like autologous tissue grafts, blood transfusion, and cancer immunotherapy. The ability to reprogram B cells offers an unprecedented opportunity for developing a therapeutic approach for several human diseases. Here, we will focus on all the proteins and transcription factors responsible for the developmental commitment of B lymphocytes and how it is harnessed in various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reetika Rani
- Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha. 769008, India
| | - Madhusmita Nayak
- Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha. 769008, India
| | - Bismita Nayak
- Immunology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Department of Life Science, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha. 769008, India.
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3
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Zhao T, Chu Z, Ma J, Ouyang L. Immunomodulation Effect of Biomaterials on Bone Formation. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13030103. [PMID: 35893471 PMCID: PMC9394331 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13030103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional bone replacement materials have been developed with the goal of directing the osteogenesis of osteoblastic cell lines toward differentiation and therefore achieving biomaterial-mediated osteogenesis, but the osteogenic effect has been disappointing. With advances in bone biology, it has been revealed that the local immune microenvironment has an important role in regulating the bone formation process. According to the bone immunology hypothesis, the immune system and the skeletal system are inextricably linked, with many cytokines and regulatory factors in common, and immune cells play an essential role in bone-related physiopathological processes. This review combines advances in bone immunology with biomaterial immunomodulatory properties to provide an overview of biomaterials-mediated immune responses to regulate bone regeneration, as well as methods to assess the bone immunomodulatory properties of bone biomaterials and how these strategies can be used for future bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Zhao
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China; (T.Z.); (Z.C.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Chu
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China; (T.Z.); (Z.C.)
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of General Practitioners, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
- Correspondence: (L.O.); (J.M.); Tel.: +86-21-52039999 (L.O.); +86-21-52039999 (J.M.)
| | - Liping Ouyang
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China; (T.Z.); (Z.C.)
- Correspondence: (L.O.); (J.M.); Tel.: +86-21-52039999 (L.O.); +86-21-52039999 (J.M.)
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4
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Hughes AM, Kuek V, Kotecha RS, Cheung LC. The Bone Marrow Microenvironment in B-Cell Development and Malignancy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2089. [PMID: 35565219 PMCID: PMC9102980 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
B lymphopoiesis is characterized by progressive loss of multipotent potential in hematopoietic stem cells, followed by commitment to differentiate into B cells, which mediate the humoral response of the adaptive immune system. This process is tightly regulated by spatially distinct bone marrow niches where cells, including mesenchymal stem and progenitor cells, endothelial cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and adipocytes, interact with B-cell progenitors to direct their proliferation and differentiation. Recently, the B-cell niche has been implicated in initiating and facilitating B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemic cells are also capable of remodeling the B-cell niche to promote their growth and survival and evade treatment. Here, we discuss the major cellular components of bone marrow niches for B lymphopoiesis and the role of the malignant B-cell niche in disease development, treatment resistance and relapse. Further understanding of the crosstalk between leukemic cells and bone marrow niche cells will enable development of additional therapeutic strategies that target the niches in order to hinder leukemia progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia M. Hughes
- Leukaemia Translational Research Laboratory, Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (A.M.H.); (V.K.); (R.S.K.)
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Vincent Kuek
- Leukaemia Translational Research Laboratory, Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (A.M.H.); (V.K.); (R.S.K.)
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Rishi S. Kotecha
- Leukaemia Translational Research Laboratory, Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (A.M.H.); (V.K.); (R.S.K.)
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Perth Children’s Hospital, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Laurence C. Cheung
- Leukaemia Translational Research Laboratory, Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (A.M.H.); (V.K.); (R.S.K.)
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
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5
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Kwang D, Tjin G, Purton LE. Regulation of murine B lymphopoiesis by stromal cells. Immunol Rev 2021; 302:47-67. [PMID: 34002391 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
B lymphocytes are crucial for the body's humoral immune response, secreting antibodies generated against foreign antigens to fight infection. Adult murine B lymphopoiesis is initiated in the bone marrow and additional maturation occurs in the spleen. In both these organs, B lymphopoiesis involves interactions with numerous different non-hematopoietic cells, also known as stromal or microenvironment cells, which provide migratory, maturation, and survival signals. A variety of conditional knockout and transgenic mouse models have been used to identify the roles of distinct microenvironment cell types in the regulation of B lymphopoiesis. These studies have revealed that mesenchymal lineage cells and endothelial cells comprise the non-hematopoietic microenvironment cell types that support B lymphopoiesis in the bone marrow. In the spleen, various types of stromal cells and endothelial cells contribute to B lymphocyte maturation. More recently, comprehensive single cell RNA-seq studies have also been used to identify clusters of stromal cell types in the bone marrow and spleen, which will aid in further identifying key regulators of B lymphopoiesis. Here, we review the different types of microenvironment cells and key extrinsic regulators that are known to be involved in the regulation of murine B lymphopoiesis in the bone marrow and spleen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diannita Kwang
- Stem Cell Regulation Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Vic., Australia
| | - Gavin Tjin
- Stem Cell Regulation Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Vic., Australia
| | - Louise E Purton
- Stem Cell Regulation Unit, St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Vic., Australia.,Department of Medicine at St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Vic., Australia
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The characterization of distinct populations of murine skeletal cells that have different roles in B lymphopoiesis. Blood 2021; 138:304-317. [PMID: 33786586 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020005865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoiesis is extrinsically controlled by cells of the bone marrow microenvironment, including skeletal lineage cells. The identification and subsequent studies of distinct subpopulations of maturing skeletal cells is currently limited due to a lack of methods to isolate these cells. We found that murine Lineage-CD31-Sca-1-CD51+ cells can be divided into four subpopulations using flow cytometry, based on their expression of the platelet derived growth factor receptors ⍺ and β (PDGFR⍺ and PDGFRβ). The use of different skeletal lineage reporters confirmed the skeletal origin of the four populations. Multiplex immunohistochemistry studies revealed that all four populations were localized near the growth plate and trabecular bone and were rarely found near cortical bone regions or in central bone marrow. Functional studies revealed differences in their abundance, colony-forming unit-fibroblast capacity and potential to differentiate into mineralized osteoblasts or adipocytes in vitro. Furthermore, the four populations had distinct gene expression profiles and differential cell surface expression of leptin receptor (LEPR) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1). Interestingly, we discovered that one of these four different skeletal populations showed the highest expression of genes involved in the extrinsic regulation of B lymphopoiesis. This cell population varied in abundance between distinct hematopoietically active skeletal sites, and significant differences in the proportions of B lymphocyte precursors were also observed in these distinct skeletal sites. It also supported pre-B lymphopoiesis in culture. Our method to isolate four distinct maturing skeletal populations will assist in elucidating the roles of distinct skeletal niche cells in regulating hematopoiesis and bone.
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7
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Dargahi N, Johnson J, Apostolopoulos V. Streptococcus thermophilus alters the expression of genes associated with innate and adaptive immunity in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228531. [PMID: 32045425 PMCID: PMC7012395 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumption of probiotics contributes to a healthy microbiome of the GIT leading to many health benefits. They also contribute to the modulation of the immune system and are becoming popular for the treatment of a number of immune and inflammatory diseases. The main objective of this study was to evaluate anti-inflammatory and modulatory properties of Streptococcus thermophilus. We used peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy donors and assessed modifications in the mRNA expression of their genes related to innate and adaptive immune system. Our results showed strong immune modulatory effects of S. thermophilus 285 to human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with an array of anti-inflammatory properties. S. thermophilus 285 reduced mRNA expression in a number of inflammatory immune mediators and markers, and upregulated a few of immune markers. S. thermophilus is used in the dairy industry, survives during cold storage, tolerates well upon ingesting, and their consumption may have beneficial effects with potential implications in inflammatory and autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Dargahi
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joshua Johnson
- Institute for Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vasso Apostolopoulos
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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8
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Green AC, Rudolph-Stringer V, Straszkowski L, Tjin G, Crimeen-Irwin B, Walia M, Martin TJ, Sims NA, Purton LE. Retinoic Acid Receptor γ Activity in Mesenchymal Stem Cells Regulates Endochondral Bone, Angiogenesis, and B Lymphopoiesis. J Bone Miner Res 2018; 33:2202-2213. [PMID: 30040873 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Retinoic acid receptor (RAR) signaling regulates bone structure and hematopoiesis through intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms. This study aimed to establish how early in the osteoblast lineage loss of RARγ (Rarg) disrupts the bone marrow microenvironment. Bone structure was analyzed by micro-computed tomography (μCT) in Rarg-/- mice and mice with Rarg conditional deletion in Osterix-Cre-targeted osteoblast progenitors or Prrx1-Cre-targeted mesenchymal stem cells. Rarg-/- tibias exhibited less trabecular and cortical bone and impaired longitudinal and radial growth. The trabecular bone and longitudinal, but not radial, growth defects were recapitulated in Prrx1:RargΔ/Δ mice but not Osx1:RargΔ/Δ mice. Although both male and female Prrx1:RargΔ/Δ mice had low trabecular bone mass, males exhibited increased numbers of trabecular osteoclasts and Prrx1:RargΔ/Δ females had impaired mineral deposition. Both male and female Prrx1:RargΔ/Δ growth plates were narrower than controls and their epiphyses contained hypertrophic chondrocyte islands. Flow cytometry revealed that male Prrx1:RargΔ/Δ bone marrow exhibited elevated pro-B and pre-B lymphocyte numbers, accompanied by increased Cxcl12 expression in bone marrow cells. Prrx1:RargΔ/Δ bone marrow also had elevated megakaryocyte-derived Vegfa expression accompanied by smaller sinusoidal vessels. Thus, RARγ expression by Prrx1-Cre-targeted cells directly regulates endochondral bone formation and indirectly regulates tibial vascularization. Furthermore, RARγ expression by Prrx1-Cre-targeted cells extrinsically regulates osteoclastogenesis and B lymphopoiesis in male mice. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alanna C Green
- St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Victoria Rudolph-Stringer
- St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Gavin Tjin
- St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Mannu Walia
- St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - T John Martin
- St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Natalie A Sims
- St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Louise E Purton
- St Vincent's Institute, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
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Joseph C, Green AC, Kwang D, Purton LE. Extrinsic Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Lymphocytes by Vitamin A. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40778-018-0142-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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10
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Urbanczyk S, Stein M, Schuh W, Jäck HM, Mougiakakos D, Mielenz D. Regulation of Energy Metabolism during Early B Lymphocyte Development. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2192. [PMID: 30060475 PMCID: PMC6121686 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The most important feature of humoral immunity is the adaptation of the diversity of newly generated B cell receptors, that is, the antigen receptor repertoire, to the body's own and foreign structures. This includes the transient propagation of B progenitor cells and B cells, which possess receptors that are positively selected via anabolic signalling pathways under highly competitive conditions. The metabolic regulation of early B-cell development thus has important consequences for the expansion of normal or malignant pre-B cell clones. In addition, cellular senescence programs based on the expression of B cell identity factors, such as Pax5, act to prevent excessive proliferation and cellular deviation. Here, we review the basic mechanisms underlying the regulation of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation during early B cell development in bone marrow. We focus on the regulation of glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation at the transition from non-transformed pro- to pre-B cells and discuss some ongoing issues. We introduce Swiprosin-2/EFhd1 as a potential regulator of glycolysis in pro-B cells that has also been linked to Ca2+-mediated mitoflashes. Mitoflashes are bioenergetic mitochondrial events that control mitochondrial metabolism and signalling in both healthy and disease states. We discuss how Ca2+ fluctuations in pro- and pre-B cells may translate into mitoflashes in early B cells and speculate about the consequences of these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Urbanczyk
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Merle Stein
- Department of Internal Medicine V, University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Schuh
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Hans-Martin Jäck
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Dimitrios Mougiakakos
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (CME), University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Dirk Mielenz
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Center, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
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Paz H, Joo EJ, Chou CH, Fei F, Mayo KH, Abdel-Azim H, Ghazarian H, Groffen J, Heisterkamp N. Treatment of B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia with the Galectin-1 inhibitor PTX008. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2018; 37:67. [PMID: 29580262 PMCID: PMC5870532 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-018-0721-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Drug resistance of B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BP-ALL) cells is conferred by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors, which could be targeted to promote chemo-sensitization. Our previous studies showed that Galectin-3, a lectin that clusters galactose-modified glycoproteins and that has both an intracellular and extracellular location, protects different subtypes of BP-ALL cells against chemotherapy. Galectin-1 is related to Galectin-3 and its expression was previously reported to be restricted to the MLL subtype of BP-ALL. Methods and results Here, we report that Galectin-1 is expressed at different levels in and on different subclasses of BP-ALLs. Bone marrow plasma also contains high levels of Galectin-1. PTX008 is an allosteric inhibitor which inhibits Galectin-1 but not Galectin-3-mediated agglutination. The compound reduces migration of BP-ALL cells to CXCL12 and OP9 stromal cells and inhibits fibronectin-mediated adhesion. It also affects cell cycle progression of BCP-ALL cells. PTX008 is cytostatic for BP-ALL cells even when these are co-cultured with protective stroma, and can sensitize ALL cells to vincristine chemotherapy in vitro and in mice. Conclusions PTX008 inhibits multiple functions that contribute to BP-ALL survival. The effects of Galectin-1 inhibition on both BP-ALL cell proliferation and migration suggest both the leukemia cells as well as the microenvironment that protects these cells may be targeted. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-018-0721-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helicia Paz
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Division of Hematology/Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA.,Department of Surgical Oncology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Eun Ji Joo
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute City of Hope, Monrovia, CA, USA
| | - Chih-Hsing Chou
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Division of Hematology/Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA.,Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Fei Fei
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Division of Hematology/Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA.,Pathology Department, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Kevin H Mayo
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology & Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Health Sciences Center, 6-155 Jackson Hall, 321 Church Street, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Hisham Abdel-Azim
- Division of Hematology/Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA
| | - Haike Ghazarian
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute City of Hope, Monrovia, CA, USA
| | - John Groffen
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Division of Hematology/Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90027, USA
| | - Nora Heisterkamp
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute City of Hope, Monrovia, CA, USA.
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