1
|
Kito H, Kawagishi R, Ryu T, Endo K, Kajikuri J, Giles WR, Ohya S. K Ca3.1 regulates cell cycle progression by modulating Ca 2+ signaling in murine preosteoblasts. J Pharmacol Sci 2023; 153:142-152. [PMID: 37770155 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoblasts synthesize and deposit essential components of the extracellular bone matrix and collagen scaffolds, leading to mineralized bone formation. Therefore, the proliferation of preosteoblasts (precursors of mature osteoblasts) helps in regulating skeletal homeostasis. This study demonstrated that the functional expression of KCa3.1, an intermediate-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel, is markedly upregulated in murine preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells in the G0/G1 phase. The enhancement of KCa3.1 is involved in the establishment of more negative membrane potentials in MC3T3-E1 cells. This hyperpolarization can promote intracellular Ca2+ signaling because store-operated Ca2+ channels are activated. Treatment with TRAM-34, a specific KCa3.1 inhibitor, attenuated the cell cycle progression from the G0/G1 phase to the S/G2/M phases. In MC3T3-E1 cells, KCa3.1 significantly promoted the transition from the G1 phase to the S phase. KCa3.1 inhibition also caused G0 phase cell accumulation. Furthermore, TRAM-34 decreased the expression of alkaline phosphatase, bone sialoprotein, and osteocalcin, osteoblast differentiation markers in MC3T3-E1 cells, and inhibited the endochondral ossification of murine metatarsals. These results reveal novel ways by which KCa3.1 activity can strongly modulate osteoblast maturation during bone formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Kito
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.
| | - Reiko Kawagishi
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Pathological Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takusei Ryu
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kyoko Endo
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Junko Kajikuri
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Wayne R Giles
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Susumu Ohya
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pan Q, Lu K, Luo J, Jiang Y, Xia B, Chen L, Wang M, Dai R, Chen T. Japanese medaka Olpax6.1 mutant as a potential model for spondylo-ocular syndrome. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:168. [PMID: 37204625 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01090-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
pax6 is a canonic master gene for eye formation. Knockout of pax6 affects the development of craniofacial skeleton and eye in mice. Whether pax6 affects the development of spinal bone has not been reported yet. In the present study, we used CRISPR/Cas9 system to generate Olpax6.1 mutant in Japanese medaka. Phenotype analysis showed that ocular mutation caused by the Olpax6.1 mutation occurred in the homozygous mutant. The phenotype of heterozygotes is not significantly different from that of wild-type. In addition, knockout Olpax6.1 resulted in severe curvature of the spine in the homozygous F2 generation. Comparative transcriptome analysis and qRT-PCR revealed that the defective Olpax6.1 protein caused a decrease in the expression level of sp7, col10a1a, and bglap, while the expression level of xylt2 did not change significantly. The functional enrichment of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database showed that the DEGs between Olpax6.1 mutation and wild-type were enriched in p53 signaling pathway, extracellular matrix (ECM) -receptor interaction, et al. Our results indicated that the defective Olpax6.1 protein results in the reduction of sp7 expression level and the activation of p53 signaling pathway, which leads to a decrease in the expression of genes encoding ECM protein, such as collagen protein family and bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein, which further inhibits bone development. Based on the phenotype and molecular mechanism of ocular mutation and spinal curvature induced by Olpax6.1 knockout, we believe that the Olpax6.1-/- mutant could be a potential model for the study of spondylo-ocular syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qihua Pan
- Fisheries College of Jimei University, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, China
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Ke Lu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Junzhi Luo
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Yuewen Jiang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Bilin Xia
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Fisheries College of Jimei University, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, China
| | - Mengyang Wang
- Fisheries College of Jimei University, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, China
| | - Ronggui Dai
- Fisheries College of Jimei University, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, China
| | - Tiansheng Chen
- Fisheries College of Jimei University, Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of the Modern Technology for Eel Industry, Ministry of Education, Xiamen, 361021, Fujian, China.
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nieto-Felipe J, Macias-Diaz A, Sanchez-Collado J, Berna-Erro A, Jardin I, Salido GM, Lopez JJ, Rosado JA. Role of Orai-family channels in the activation and regulation of transcriptional activity. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:714-726. [PMID: 36952615 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Store operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is a cornerstone for the maintenance of intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and the regulation of a variety of cellular functions. SOCE is mediated by STIM and Orai proteins following the activation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors. Then, a reduction of the endoplasmic reticulum intraluminal Ca2+ concentration is sensed by STIM proteins, which undergo a conformational change and activate plasma membrane Ca2+ channels comprised by Orai proteins. STIM1/Orai-mediated Ca2+ signals are finely regulated and modulate the activity of different transcription factors, including certain isoforms of the nuclear factor of activated T-cells, the cAMP-response element binding protein, the nuclear factor κ-light chain-enhancer of activated B cells, c-fos, and c-myc. These transcription factors associate SOCE with a plethora of signaling events and cellular functions. Here we provide an overview of the current knowledge about the role of Orai channels in the regulation of transcription factors through Ca2+ -dependent signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joel Nieto-Felipe
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Universitario de Biomarcadores de Patologías Moleculares, Universidad de Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Alvaro Macias-Diaz
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Universitario de Biomarcadores de Patologías Moleculares, Universidad de Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Jose Sanchez-Collado
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Universitario de Biomarcadores de Patologías Moleculares, Universidad de Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Alejandro Berna-Erro
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Universitario de Biomarcadores de Patologías Moleculares, Universidad de Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Isaac Jardin
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Universitario de Biomarcadores de Patologías Moleculares, Universidad de Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Gines M Salido
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Universitario de Biomarcadores de Patologías Moleculares, Universidad de Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Jose J Lopez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Universitario de Biomarcadores de Patologías Moleculares, Universidad de Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| | - Juan A Rosado
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Universitario de Biomarcadores de Patologías Moleculares, Universidad de Extremadura, Caceres, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sheng MHC, Lau KHW, Rundle CH, Alsunna A, Wilson SM, Baylink DJ. Defective bone repletion in aged Balb/cBy mice was caused by impaired osteoblastic differentiation. J Bone Miner Metab 2022; 40:900-913. [PMID: 35947191 PMCID: PMC9722502 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-022-01361-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study was undertaken to gain mechanistic information about bone repair using the bone repletion model in aged Balb/cBy mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS one month-old (young) mice were fed a calcium-deficient diet for 2 weeks and 8 month-old (adult) and 21-25 month-old (aged) female mice for 4 weeks during depletion, which was followed by feeding a calcium-sufficient diet for 16 days during repletion. To determine if prolonged repletion would improve bone repair, an additional group of aged mice were repleted for 4 additional weeks. Control mice were fed calcium-sufficient diet throughout. In vivo bone repletion response was assessed by bone mineral density gain and histomorphometry. In vitro response was monitored by osteoblastic proliferation, differentiation, and senescence. RESULTS There was no significant bone repletion in aged mice even with an extended repletion period, indicating an impaired bone repletion. This was not due to an increase in bone cell senescence or reduction in osteoblast proliferation, but to dysfunctional osteoblastic differentiation in aged bone cells. Osteoblasts of aged mice had elevated levels of cytosolic and ER calcium, which were associated with increased Cav1.2 and CaSR (extracellular calcium channels) expression but reduced expression of Orai1 and Stim1, key components of Stored Operated Ca2+ Entry (SOCE). Activation of Cav1.2 and CaSR leads to increased osteoblastic proliferation, but activation of SOCE is associated with osteoblastic differentiation. CONCLUSION The bone repletion mechanism in aged Balb/cBy mice is defective that is caused by an impaired osteoblast differentiation through reducedactivation of SOCE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matilda H-C Sheng
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA.
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center (151), Jerry L. Pettis Memorial V.A. Medical Center, 11201 Benton Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92357, USA.
| | - Kin-Hing William Lau
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center (151), Jerry L. Pettis Memorial V.A. Medical Center, 11201 Benton Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92357, USA
| | - Charles H Rundle
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center (151), Jerry L. Pettis Memorial V.A. Medical Center, 11201 Benton Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92357, USA
| | - Anar Alsunna
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Sean M Wilson
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - David J Baylink
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Guo Y, Fan J, Liu S, Hao D. Orai1 downregulation causes proliferation reduction and cell cycle arrest via inactivation of the Ras-NF-κB signaling pathway in osteoblasts. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:347. [PMID: 35410330 PMCID: PMC8996479 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05311-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to determine the role of Orai1 in the regulation of the proliferation and cell cycle of osteoblasts. Methods The expression of Orai1 was inhibited by Orai1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) in MC3T3-E1 cells. Following Orai1 downregulation, cell proliferation and cell cycle were examined. Furthermore, the expression of cyclin D1, cyclin E, CDK4, and CDK6 was analyzed. The activity of the Ras-NF-κB signaling pathway was investigated to identify the role of Orai1 in the regulation of osteoblast proliferation. Results Orai1 was successfully downregulated in MC3T3-E1 cells by the Orai1 siRNA transfection (p < 0.05). We found that MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation was decreased, and the cell cycle was arrested by Orai1 downregulation (p < 0.05). Additionally, the expression of cyclin D1 was decreased by Orai1 downregulation (p < 0.05), as was the activity of the Ras-NF-κB signaling pathway (p < 0.05). Orai1 siRNA did not further reduce cell proliferation, the proportion of cells in the S phase, and cyclin D1 expression after chemical blockage of the Ras signaling pathway in MC3T3-E1 cells (p > 0.05). Conclusions The results reveal that Orai1 downregulation may reduce cyclin D1 expression by inactivating the Ras-NF-κB signaling pathway thus blocking osteoblast proliferation and cell cycle. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12891-022-05311-y.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunshan Guo
- Department of spinal surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinzhu Fan
- Department of bone microsurgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuguang Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dingjun Hao
- Department of spinal surgery, Hong Hui Hospital, Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710054, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ahmed ASI, Sheng MHC, Lau KHW, Wilson SM, Wongworawat MD, Tang X, Ghahramanpouri M, Nehme A, Xu Y, Abdipour A, Zhang XB, Wasnik S, Baylink DJ. Calcium released by osteoclastic resorption stimulates autocrine/paracrine activities in local osteogenic cells to promote coupled bone formation. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 322:C977-C990. [PMID: 35385325 PMCID: PMC9109806 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00413.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A major cause of osteoporosis is impaired coupled bone formation. Mechanistically, both osteoclast-derived and bone-derived growth factors have been previously implicated. We hypothesize that the release of bone calcium during osteoclastic bone resorption is essential for coupled bone formation. Osteoclastic resorption increases interstitial fluid calcium locally from the normal 1.8 mM up to 5 mM. MC3T3-E1 osteoprogenitors, cultured in a 3.6 mM calcium medium, demonstrated that calcium signaling stimulated osteogenic cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration. Calcium channel knockdown studies implicated calcium channels, Cav1.2, store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), and calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) in regulating bone cell anabolic activities. MC3T3-E1 cultured in a 3.6 mM calcium medium expressed increased gene expression of Wnt signaling and growth factors platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP 2). Our coupling model of bone formation, the Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa-Β ligand (RANKL) treated mouse calvaria, confirmed the role of calcium signaling in coupled bone formation by exhibiting increased gene expression for osterix and osteocalcin. Critically, dual immunocytochemistry showed that RANKL treatment increased osterix positive cells and increased fluorescence intensity of Cav1.2 and CaSR protein expression per osterix positive cell. The data established that calcium released by osteoclasts contributed to the regulation of coupled bone formation. CRISPR/Cas-9 knockout of Cav1.2 in osteoprogenitors cultured in basal calcium medium caused a >80% decrease in the expression of downstream osteogenic genes, emphasizing the large magnitude of the effect of calcium signaling. Thus, calcium signaling is a major regulator of coupled bone formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abu Shufian Ishtiaq Ahmed
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, United States.,The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Matilda H C Sheng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, United States.,Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Jerry L. Pettis Memorial Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, United States
| | - Kin-Hing William Lau
- Musculoskeletal Disease Center, Jerry L. Pettis Memorial Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Loma Linda, California, United States
| | - Sean M Wilson
- The Lawrence D. Longo, MD Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - M Daniel Wongworawat
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, United States
| | - Xiaolei Tang
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Long Island University, Brookville, NY, United States
| | - Mahdis Ghahramanpouri
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, United States
| | - Antoine Nehme
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, United States
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, United States.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University and Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Amir Abdipour
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Xiao-Bing Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, United States
| | - Samiksha Wasnik
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, United States
| | - David J Baylink
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Role of K + and Ca 2+-Permeable Channels in Osteoblast Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910459. [PMID: 34638799 PMCID: PMC8509041 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone-forming cells or osteoblasts play an important role in bone modeling and remodeling processes. Osteoblast differentiation or osteoblastogenesis is orchestrated by multiple intracellular signaling pathways (e.g., bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) and Wnt signaling pathways) and is modulated by the extracellular environment (e.g., parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D, transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), and integrins). The regulation of bone homeostasis depends on the proper differentiation and function of osteoblast lineage cells from osteogenic precursors to osteocytes. Intracellular Ca2+ signaling relies on the control of numerous processes in osteoblast lineage cells, including cell growth, differentiation, migration, and gene expression. In addition, hyperpolarization via the activation of K+ channels indirectly promotes Ca2+ signaling in osteoblast lineage cells. An improved understanding of the fundamental physiological and pathophysiological processes in bone homeostasis requires detailed investigations of osteoblast lineage cells. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the functional impacts of K+ channels and Ca2+-permeable channels, which critically regulate Ca2+ signaling in osteoblast lineage cells to maintain bone homeostasis.
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhou T, Gao B, Fan Y, Liu Y, Feng S, Cong Q, Zhang X, Zhou Y, Yadav PS, Lin J, Wu N, Zhao L, Huang D, Zhou S, Su P, Yang Y. Piezo1/2 mediate mechanotransduction essential for bone formation through concerted activation of NFAT-YAP1-ß-catenin. eLife 2020; 9:52779. [PMID: 32186512 PMCID: PMC7112954 DOI: 10.7554/elife.52779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical forces are fundamental regulators of cell behaviors. However, molecular regulation of mechanotransduction remain poorly understood. Here, we identified the mechanosensitive channels Piezo1 and Piezo2 as key force sensors required for bone development and osteoblast differentiation. Loss of Piezo1, or more severely Piezo1/2, in mesenchymal or osteoblast progenitor cells, led to multiple spontaneous bone fractures in newborn mice due to inhibition of osteoblast differentiation and increased bone resorption. In addition, loss of Piezo1/2 rendered resistant to further bone loss caused by unloading in both bone development and homeostasis. Mechanistically, Piezo1/2 relayed fluid shear stress and extracellular matrix stiffness signals to activate Ca2+ influx to stimulate Calcineurin, which promotes concerted activation of NFATc1, YAP1 and ß-catenin transcription factors by inducing their dephosphorylation as well as NFAT/YAP1/ß-catenin complex formation. Yap1 and ß-catenin activities were reduced in the Piezo1 and Piezo1/2 mutant bones and such defects were partially rescued by enhanced ß-catenin activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taifeng Zhou
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, United States.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Gao
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, United States.,Department of Spine Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Fan
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, United States
| | - Yuchen Liu
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, United States
| | - Shuhao Feng
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, United States.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Cong
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, United States
| | - Xiaolei Zhang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, United States.,Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaxing Zhou
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, United States
| | - Prem S Yadav
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, United States
| | - Jiachen Lin
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, United States.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Beijing Key Laboratory for Genetic Research of Skeletal Deformity, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Dongsheng Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuanhu Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Peiqiang Su
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingzi Yang
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yang Z, Yue Z, Ma X, Xu Z. Calcium Homeostasis: A Potential Vicious Cycle of Bone Metastasis in Breast Cancers. Front Oncol 2020; 10:293. [PMID: 32211326 PMCID: PMC7076168 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers have been considered as one of the most severe health problems in the world. Efforts to elucidate the cancer progression reveal the importance of bone metastasis for tumor malignancy, one of the leading causes for high mortality rate. Multiple cancers develop bone metastasis, from which breast cancers exhibit the highest rate and have been well-recognized. Numerous cells and environmental factors have been believed to synergistically facilitate bone metastasis in breast cancers, from which breast cancer cells, osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and their produced cytokines have been well-recognized to form a vicious cycle that aggravates tumor malignancy. Except the cytokines or chemokines, calcium ions are another element largely released from bones during bone metastasis that leads to hypercalcemia, however, have not been well-characterized yet in modulation of bone metastasis. Calcium ions act as a type of unique second messenger that exhibits omnipotent functions in numerous cells, including tumor cells, osteoclasts, and osteoblasts. Calcium ions cannot be produced in the cells and are dynamically fluxed among extracellular calcium pools, intracellular calcium storages and cytosolic calcium signals, namely calcium homeostasis, raising a possibility that calcium ions released from bone during bone metastasis would further enhance bone metastasis and aggravate tumor progression via the vicious cycle due to abnormal calcium homeostasis in breast cancer cells, osteoclasts and osteoblasts. TRPs, VGCCs, SOCE, and P2Xs are four major calcium channels/routes mediating extracellular calcium entry and affect calcium homeostasis. Here we will summarize the overall functions of these four calcium channels in breast cancer cells, osteoclasts and osteoblasts, providing evidence of calcium homeostasis as a vicious cycle in modulation of bone metastasis in breast cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfeng Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology Center for Microbiota & Immune Related Diseases, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiying Yue
- Department of Urology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinrun Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology Center for Microbiota & Immune Related Diseases, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenyao Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology Center for Microbiota & Immune Related Diseases, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Calcification is a regulated physiological process occurring in bones and teeth. However, calcification is commonly found in soft tissues in association with aging and in a variety of diseases. Over the last two decades, it has emerged that calcification occurring in diseased arteries is not simply an inevitable build-up of insoluble precipitates of calcium phosphate. In some cases, it is an active process in which transcription factors drive conversion of vascular cells to an osteoblast or chondrocyte-like phenotype, with the subsequent production of mineralizing "matrix vesicles." Early studies of bone and cartilage calcification suggested roles for cellular calcium signaling in several of the processes involved in the regulation of bone calcification. Similarly, calcium signaling has recently been highlighted as an important component in the mechanisms regulating pathological calcification. The emerging hypothesis is that ectopic/pathological calcification occurs in tissues in which there is an imbalance in the regulatory mechanisms that actively prevent calcification. This review highlights the various ways that calcium signaling regulates tissue calcification, with a particular focus on pathological vascular calcification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diane Proudfoot
- Signalling Division, Babraham Institute, Babraham, Cambridge CB22 3AT, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bär L, Stournaras C, Lang F, Föller M. Regulation of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) in health and disease. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:1879-1900. [PMID: 31199502 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is mainly produced in the bone and, upon secretion, forms a complex with a FGF receptor and coreceptor αKlotho. FGF23 can exert several endocrine functions, such as inhibiting renal phosphate reabsorption and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 production. Moreover, it has paracrine activities on several cell types, including neutrophils and hepatocytes. Klotho and Fgf23 deficiencies result in pathologies otherwise encountered in age-associated diseases, mainly as a result of hyperphosphataemia-dependent calcification. FGF23 levels are also perturbed in the plasma of patients with several disorders, including kidney or cardiovascular diseases. Here, we review mechanisms controlling FGF23 production and discuss how FGF23 regulation is perturbed in disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ludmilla Bär
- Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Christos Stournaras
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Florian Lang
- Institute of Physiology, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael Föller
- Institute of Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Robinson LJ, Blair HC, Barnett JB, Soboloff J. The roles of Orai and Stim in bone health and disease. Cell Calcium 2019; 81:51-58. [PMID: 31201955 PMCID: PMC7181067 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Orai and Stim proteins are the mediators of calcium release-activated calcium signaling and are important in the regulation of bone homeostasis and disease. This includes separate regulatory systems controlling mesenchymal stem cell differentiation to form osteoblasts, which make bone, and differentiation and regulation of osteoclasts, which resorb bone. These systems will be described separately, and their integration and relation to other systems, including Orai and Stim in teeth, will be briefly discussed at the end of this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa J Robinson
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Laboratory Medicine, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown WV 26505, United States; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown WV 26505, United States.
| | - Harry C Blair
- Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Pittsburgh PA 15206, United States; Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States
| | - John B Barnett
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown WV 26505, United States
| | - Jonathan Soboloff
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology and the Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Biochemistry, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
The Impact of Plasma-Derived Microvesicles From a Femoral Fracture Animal Model on Osteoblast Function. Shock 2019; 53:78-87. [PMID: 31157718 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The role of microvesicles (MVs) in transcellular signal transduction has been demonstrated in different studies. However, the potential modulatory role of MVs in fracture healing remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the impact of plasma-derived MVs after a femoral fracture on cranial osteoblasts. A femoral fracture with intramedullary stabilization was induced in Sprague Dawley rats. The animals were killed 3 days (group A), 1 week (group B), or 2 weeks (group C) after trauma induction. Animals without trauma served as controls. Osteoblasts from the cranial bone of a neonatal Sprague Dawley rats were cultured and stimulated with either plasma-derived MVs or MV-free plasma of groups A to C. The effects of MVs on osteoblasts were analyzed by growth assay, metabolic assay, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for osteocalcin, RUNX2, and collagen 1A to test differentiation of osteoblasts. MVs were time-dependently incorporated in osteoblasts and localized mainly around the nucleus. MVs increased the viability of osteoblasts, particularly in the late phase after femoral fracture (group A, P = 0.0276; group B, P = 0.0295; group C, P = 0.0407). Late-phase differentiation of osteoblasts was not stimulated by MVs but was by MV-free plasma (osteocalcin, groups C vs. control, P = 0.0454). The levels of transforming growth factor β1 (P = 0.0320) and insulin-like growth factor 1 ( P = 0.0211) were significantly higher in plasma than in MVs. MVs seem to modulate the viability of osteoblasts but not to affect osteoblast differentiation. Further studies are warranted to determine the characteristics and interactions of MVs. Potentially, MVs might act as a diagnostic or therapeutic tool in cases of impairment of fracture healing.
Collapse
|
14
|
Integrative genomic analysis for the functional roles of ITPKC in bone mineral density. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20181481. [PMID: 30355649 PMCID: PMC6265621 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is defined by low bone mineral density (BMD), which is mainly due to the imbalances in osteoclast and osteoblast activity. Previous studies indicated that early activation of osteoclasts relies on calcium entry through store-operated calcium (SOC) entry, and several genes, including STIM1, ORAI1, and ITPKC, are known as key regulators of SOC entry. However, the relationships between STIM1, ORAI1, ITPKC, and human BMD are still unclear. In order to investigate the plausible associations between these genes and BMD, we conducted a meta-analysis of genes expression and BMD using the publicly available GEO database. We further recruited 1044 subjects and tested associations between polymorphisms in these genes and BMD. Clinical information (including age, sex, and BMI) was collected and used for the analysis. Our results indicated that ITPKC gene expression was significantly associated with BMD. Furthermore, we found that one ITPKC SNP (rs2607420) was significantly associated with lumbar spine BMD. Through bioinformatics analysis, rs2607420 was found to be very likely to participate in the regulation of ITPKC expression. Our findings suggest that ITPKC is a susceptibility gene for BMD, and rs2607420 may play an important role in the regulation of this gene.
Collapse
|