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Kuedo Z, Binlateh T, Benjakul S, Hutamekalin P. Pretreatment with Liposome-Encapsulated Shrimp Shell Extract Attenuated Neuronal Damage and Death in Aβ 1-42-Induced Memory Deficits in Rats. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:1166-1187. [PMID: 38326524 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04103-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptides is a crucial factor in the neuronal degeneration of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The current study investigated the underlying neuroprotective mechanisms of shrimp shell extract (SSE) and liposome-encapsulated SSE (SSE/L) against Aβ1-42-induced neuronal damage and death in rats. Intracerebroventricular infusion of Aβ1-42 effectively induced memory decline, as observed in a reduction of the rat's discriminating ability in the novel object recognition and novel object location tasks. Oral pretreatment with 100 mg/kg of SSE demonstrated no preventive effect on the memory decline induced by Aβ1-42 infusion. However, treatment with SSE/L 100 mg/kg BW effectively attenuated memory deficits in both behavioral assessments following two and four weeks after Aβ1-42 infusion. Moreover, SSE/L exerted neuroprotective effects by reducing lipid peroxidation and increasing Nrf2/HO-1 expression. There was a significant decrease in Iba1 and GFAP (biomarkers of microglia and astrocyte activity, respectively), as well as a decrease in the levels of NF-κB expression and the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in the cortical and hippocampal tissues. Treatment with SSE/L also reduced the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and cleaved caspase-3 while raising the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2. In addition, the beneficial effects of SSE/L were along with the effects of a positive control commercial astaxanthin (AST). The findings of this study indicated that SSE/L provided neuroprotective effects on Aβ1-42-induced AD rats by ameliorating oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and apoptotic cell death. Therefore, SSE/L might be employed to prevent and mitigate Aβ accumulation-induced neurotoxicity in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulkiflee Kuedo
- Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Thunwa Binlateh
- School of Pharmacy, Walailak University, Thasala, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160, Thailand
| | - Soottawat Benjakul
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Songkhla, Thailand
| | - Pilaiwanwadee Hutamekalin
- Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, 90110, Songkhla, Thailand.
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2
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Kuedo Z, Chotphruethipong L, Raju N, Reudhabibadh R, Benjakul S, Chonpathompikunlert P, Klaypradit W, Hutamekalin P. Oral Administration of Ethanolic Extract of Shrimp Shells-Loaded Liposome Protects against Aβ-Induced Memory Impairment in Rats. Foods 2022; 11:foods11172673. [PMID: 36076858 PMCID: PMC9455250 DOI: 10.3390/foods11172673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is characterized by a progressive loss of memory and cognition. Accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) in the brain is a well-known pathological hallmark of the disease. In this study, the ethanolic extract of white shrimp (Litopenaous vannamei) shells and the ethanolic extract-loaded liposome were tested for the neuroprotective effects on Aβ1-42-induced memory impairment in rats. The commercial astaxanthin was used as a control. Treatment with the ethanolic extract of shrimp shells (EESS) at the dose of 100 mg/kg BW showed no protective effect in Aβ-treated rats. However, treatment with an EESS-loaded liposome at the dose of 100 mg/kg BW significantly improved memory ability in Morris water maze and object recognition tests. The beneficial effect of the EESS-loaded liposome was ensured by the increase of the memory-related proteins including BDNF/TrkB and pre- and post-synaptic protein markers GAP-43 and PSD-95 as well as pErk1/2/Erk1/2 in the cortex and hippocampus. These findings indicated the neuroprotective effects of the EESS-loaded liposome on Aβ-induced memory impairment in rats. It produced beneficial effects on learning behavior probably through the function of BDNF/TrkB/pErk1/2/Erk1/2 signaling pathway and subsequently the upregulation of synaptic proteins. The present study provided evidence that the neuroprotective property of the ESSE-loaded liposome could be a promising strategy for AD protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulkiflee Kuedo
- Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Lalita Chotphruethipong
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Mueang Chonburi, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| | - Navaneethan Raju
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | | | - Soottawat Benjakul
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Pennapa Chonpathompikunlert
- Expert Center of Innovative Health Food and Biodiversity Research Centre, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - Wanwimol Klaypradit
- Department of Fishery Products, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Pilaiwanwadee Hutamekalin
- Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-74-288-207
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Moschetti A, Fox CA, McGowen S, Ryan RO. Lutein nanodisks protect human retinal pigment epithelial cells from UV light-induced damage. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 4:955022. [PMID: 36686279 PMCID: PMC9851610 DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2022.955022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The hydrophobic carotenoid, lutein, was conferred with aqueous solubility upon formulation into reconstituted discoidal high density lipoprotein particles, termed lutein nanodisks (ND). When formulated with phosphatidylcholine (PC), apolipoprotein (apo) A-I and lutein (formulation ratio = 5 mg PC/2 mg apoA-I/1 mg lutein), lutein solubilization efficiency in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) was ~90%. The UV/Vis absorbance maxima for lutein ND in PBS were red shifted by 6-13 nm versus the corresponding lutein absorbance maxima in ethanol. FPLC gel filtration chromatography gave rise to a single major absorbance peak in the size range of ND. Incubation of cultured ARPE-19 cells with lutein ND resulted in lutein uptake, as determined by HPLC analysis of cell extracts. Compared to control incubations, ARPE-19 cells incubated with lutein ND were protected from UV light-induced loss of cell viability. Consistent with this, reactive oxygen species generation, induced by exposure to UV irradiation, was lower in lutein-enriched cells than in control cells. Thus, uptake of ND-associated lutein protects ARPE-19 cells from UV light-induced damage. Taken together, the data indicate ND provide an aqueous lutein delivery vehicle for biotechnological or therapeutic applications.
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Challenges and Potential in Increasing Lutein Content in Microalgae. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9051068. [PMID: 34063406 PMCID: PMC8156089 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9051068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Research on enhancing lutein content in microalgae has made significant progress in recent years. However, strategies are needed to address the possible limitations of microalgae as practical lutein producers. The capacity of lutein sequestration may determine the upper limit of cellular lutein content. The preliminary estimation presented in this work suggests that the lutein sequestration capacity of the light-harvesting complex (LHC) of microalgae is most likely below 2% on the basis of dry cell weight (DCW). Due to its nature as a structural pigment, higher lutein content might interfere with the LHC in fulfilling photosynthetic functions. Storing lutein in a lipophilic environment is a mechanism for achieving high lutein content but several critical barriers must be overcome such as lutein degradation and access to lipid droplet to be stored through esterification. Understanding the mechanisms underlying lipid droplet biogenesis in chloroplasts, as well as carotenoid trafficking through chloroplast membranes and carotenoid esterification, may provide insight for new approaches to achieve high lutein contents in algae. In the meantime, building the machinery for esterification and sequestration of lutein and other hydroxyl-carotenoids in model microorganisms, such as yeast, with synthetic biology technology provides a promising option.
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Rostamabadi H, Falsafi SR, Jafari SM. Nanoencapsulation of carotenoids within lipid-based nanocarriers. J Control Release 2019; 298:38-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Properties and bioavailability assessment of shrimp astaxanthin loaded liposomes. Food Sci Biotechnol 2018; 28:529-537. [PMID: 30956865 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-018-0495-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of phospholipid composition on the properties and bioavailability of astaxanthin-loaded liposomes using cell culture. Two mixtures of phospholipids with different proportions of phosphatidylcholine (PC, 23% and 70%) were used at various concentrations (0.8, 1.6, and 2.0% w/v) to prepare astaxanthin-loaded liposomes, which were investigated for entrapment efficiency (EE), antioxidant activity, morphology and changes in astaxanthin properties during a storage period of 8 weeks at 4 °C. Furthermore, Caco-2 human colon adenocarcinoma cells were employed to examine the cellular uptake of astaxanthin-loaded liposomes. The highest EE was observed with astaxanthin-loaded liposomes containing 70% PC, and used at the concentration of 2.0% w/v. Liposomes maintained the antioxidant activity of astaxanthin. All liposomal preparations were non-toxic. Cellular uptake of astaxanthin-loaded liposomes containing 70% PC was significantly higher than that of 23% PC-containing liposomes (p < 0.05).
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Zhao Q, Miriyala N, Su Y, Chen W, Gao X, Shao L, Yan R, Li H, Yao X, Cao D, Wang Y, Ouyang D. Computer-Aided Formulation Design for a Highly Soluble Lutein-Cyclodextrin Multiple-Component Delivery System. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:1664-1673. [PMID: 29505718 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cyclodextrin (CD) complexation is widely used for the solubilization of poorly soluble drugs in the pharmaceutical industry. Current research was to develop a highly soluble lutein-cyclodextrin multiple-component delivery system (lutein-CD-MCDS) by combined modeling and experimental approaches. Both phase solubility diagram and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation results revealed that the interactions between lutein and CDs were very weak, which confirmed the insignificant solubility improvement of lutein-CD binary system. On the basis of theoretical calculation and preliminary CD studies, lutein-CD-MCDS was developed with over 400-fold solubility improvement after formulation screening. MD simulation indicated that the auxiliary polymers of TWEEN 80 and poloxamer 188 in the lutein-CD-MCDS introduced bridged interaction between lutein and γ-CD to increase the solubility, dissolution rate, and stability of the complex. The lutein-CD-MCDS was characterized by in vitro dissolution test, differential scanning colorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD). Moreover, lutein-CD-MCDS had significantly higher uptake in Caco-2 cells than free lutein. The relative bioavailability of the lutein-CD-MCDS increased to 6.6-fold compared to pure lutein, and to 1.2-fold compared with commercial lutein soft capsules. In conclusion, the highly soluble lutein-CD-MCDS with significant improvement in both the solubility and bioavailability was developed and characterized by combined modeling and experimental approaches. Our research indicates that computer-aided formulation design is a promising approach for future formulation development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences (ICMS) , University of Macau , Macau , China
| | - Nikhila Miriyala
- Aston Pharmacy School, School of Life and Health Sciences , Aston University , Birmingham B4 7ET , United Kingdom
| | - Yan Su
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences (ICMS) , University of Macau , Macau , China
| | - Weijie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences (ICMS) , University of Macau , Macau , China
| | - Xuejiao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences (ICMS) , University of Macau , Macau , China
| | - Ling Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences (ICMS) , University of Macau , Macau , China
| | - Ru Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences (ICMS) , University of Macau , Macau , China
| | - Haifeng Li
- Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering , University of Macau , Macau , China
| | - Xiaojun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health , Macau University of Science and Technology , Macau , China
| | - Dongsheng Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Science , Central South University , Changsha 410013 , P. R. China
| | - Yitao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences (ICMS) , University of Macau , Macau , China
| | - Defang Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences (ICMS) , University of Macau , Macau , China
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Wen X, Hempel J, Schweiggert RM, Ni Y, Carle R. Carotenoids and Carotenoid Esters of Red and Yellow Physalis (Physalis alkekengi L. and P. pubescens L.) Fruits and Calyces. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:6140-6151. [PMID: 28696106 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoid profiles of fruits and calyces of red (Physalis alkekengi L.) and yellow (P. pubescens L.) Physalis were characterized by HPLC-DAD-APCI-MSn. Altogether 69 carotenoids were detected in red Physalis, thereof, 45 were identified. In yellow Physalis, 40 carotenoids were detected and 33 were identified. Zeaxanthin esters with various fatty acids were found to be the most abundant carotenoids in red Physalis, accounting for 51-63% of total carotenoids, followed by β-cryptoxanthin esters (16-24%). In yellow Physalis, mainly free carotenoids such as lutein and β-carotene were found. Total carotenoid contents ranged between 19.8 and 21.6 mg/100 g fresh red Physalis fruits and 1.28-1.38 mg/100 g fresh yellow Physalis fruits, demonstrating that Physalis fruits are rich sources of dietary carotenoids. Yellow Physalis calyces contained only 153-306 μg carotenoids/g dry weight, while those of red Physalis contained substantially higher amounts (14.6-17.6 mg/g dry weight), thus possibly exhibiting great potential as a natural source for commercial zeaxanthin extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wen
- Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim , 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University , 100083 Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing , 100083 Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture , 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Judith Hempel
- Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim , 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ralf M Schweiggert
- Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim , 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Yuanying Ni
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University , 100083 Beijing, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing , 100083 Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture , 100083 Beijing, China
| | - Reinhold Carle
- Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim , 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
- Biological Science Department, King Abdulaziz University , P.O. Box 80257, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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9
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Encapsulation of lutein in liposomes using supercritical carbon dioxide. Food Res Int 2017; 100:168-179. [PMID: 28873676 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.06.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Liposomes loaded with lutein were prepared utilizing supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2). The effects of pressure, depressurization rate, temperature and lutein-to-lipid ratio on particle size distribution, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency (EE), bioactive loading, morphology, phase transition and crystallinity were investigated. Liposomes prepared by the SC-CO2 method had a particle size of 147.6±1.9nm-195.4±2.3nm, an encapsulation efficiency of 56.7±0.7%-97.0±0.8% and a zeta potential of -54.5±1.2mV to -61.7±0.6mV. A higher pressure (200-300bar) and depressurization rate (90-200bar/min) promoted a higher encapsulation of lutein whereas the lutein-to-lipid ratio had the dominant effect on the morphology of vesicles along with size distribution and EE. X-ray diffraction data implied a substantial drop in the crystallinity of lutein upon its redistribution in the liposome membranes. Differential scanning calorimetry indicated a broadened phase transition upon the simultaneous rearrangement of lutein and phospholipid molecules into liposomal vesicles. The SC-CO2 method resulted in particle characteristics highly associated with the ability of CO2 to disperse phospholipids and lutein molecules. It offers a promising approach to use dense phase CO2 to homogenize hydrophobic or amphiphilic aggregates suspended in an aqueous medium and regulate the vesicular characteristics via pressure and depressurization rate. The SC-CO2 method has potential for scalable production of liposomal nanovesicles with desirable characteristics and free of organic solvents.
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Carvalho JMP, Toniazzo T, Cavalcanti LP, Moraes ICF, Oliveira CLP, Pinho SC. Physico-chemical stability and structural characterization of thickened multilamellar beta-carotene-loaded liposome dispersions produced using a proliposome method. Colloid Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-015-3594-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Modulating effect of lipid bilayer-carotenoid interactions on the property of liposome encapsulation. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 128:172-180. [PMID: 25747311 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Liposomes have become an attractive alternative to encapsulate carotenoids to improve their solubility, stability and bioavailability. The interaction mechanism of carotenoid with lipid bilayer is one of the major concerns in improving the delivery efficiency of liposomes. In this study, the microstructure and carotenoid encapsulation efficiency of liposomes composed of native phospholipid (egg yolk phosphatidylcholine, EYPC) and nonionic surfactant Tween 80 were investigated by atomic force microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. Subsequently, the effects of carotenoid incorporation on the physical properties of liposomal membrane were performed by Raman spectroscopy, fluorescence polarization, and electron paramagnetic resonance. Results showed that the incorporation of carotenoids affected the liposomes morphology, size and size distribution to various extents. Analysis on the Raman characteristic peaks of carotenoids revealed that lutein exhibited the strongest incorporating ability into liposomes, followed by β-carotene, lycopene, and canthaxanthin. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that carotenoids modulated the dynamics, structure and hydrophobicity of liposomal membrane, highly depending on their molecular structures and incorporated concentration. These modulations were closely correlated with the stabilization of liposomes, including mediating particle aggregation and fusion. These findings should guide the rationale designing for liposomal encapsulation technology to efficiently deliver carotenoids in pharmaceutics, nutraceuticals and functional foods.
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Toniazzo T, Berbel IF, Cho S, Fávaro-Trindade CS, Moraes IC, Pinho SC. β-carotene-loaded liposome dispersions stabilized with xanthan and guar gums: Physico-chemical stability and feasibility of application in yogurt. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2014.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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13
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García-de Blas E, Mateo R, Alonso-Alvarez C. Accumulation of dietary carotenoids, retinoids and tocopherol in the internal tissues of a bird: a hypothesis for the cost of producing colored ornaments. Oecologia 2014; 177:259-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-014-3163-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Tan C, Xue J, Abbas S, Feng B, Zhang X, Xia S. Liposome as a delivery system for carotenoids: comparative antioxidant activity of carotenoids as measured by ferric reducing antioxidant power, DPPH assay and lipid peroxidation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:6726-6735. [PMID: 24745755 DOI: 10.1021/jf405622f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to understand how carotenoids exerted antioxidant activity after encapsulation in a liposome delivery system, for food application. Three assays were selected to achieve a wide range of technical principles, including 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging, ferric reducing antioxidant powder (FRAP), and lipid peroxidation inhibition capacity (LPIC) during liposome preparation, auto-oxidation, or when induced by ferric iron/ascorbate. The antioxidant activity of carotenoids was measured either after they were mixed with preformed liposomes or after their incorporation into the liposomal system. Whatever the antioxidant model was, carotenoids displayed different antioxidant activities in suspension and in liposomes. The encapsulation could enhance the DPPH scavenging and FRAP activities of carotenoids. The strongest antioxidant activity was observed with lutein, followed by β-carotene, lycopene, and canthaxanthin. Furthermore, lipid peroxidation assay revealed a mutually protective relationship: the incorporation of either lutein or β-carotene not only exerts strong LPIC, but also protects them against pro-oxidation elements; however, the LPIC of lycopene and canthaxanthin on liposomes was weak or a pro-oxidation effect even appeared, concomitantly leading to the considerable depletion of these encapsulated carotenoids. The antioxidant activity of carotenoids after liposome encapsulation was not only related to their chemical reactivity, but also to their incorporation efficiencies into liposomal membrane and modulating effects on the membrane properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University , Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, People's Republic of China
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Tan C, Xue J, Lou X, Abbas S, Guan Y, Feng B, Zhang X, Xia S. Liposomes as delivery systems for carotenoids: comparative studies of loading ability, storage stability and in vitro release. Food Funct 2014; 5:1232-40. [DOI: 10.1039/c3fo60498e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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16
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García-de Blas E, Mateo R, Viñuela J, Pérez-Rodríguez L, Alonso-Alvarez C. Free and Esterified Carotenoids in Ornaments of an Avian Species: The Relationship to Color Expression and Sources of Variability. Physiol Biochem Zool 2013; 86:483-98. [DOI: 10.1086/671812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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17
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Tan C, Xia S, Xue J, Xie J, Feng B, Zhang X. Liposomes as vehicles for lutein: preparation, stability, liposomal membrane dynamics, and structure. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:8175-8184. [PMID: 23906192 DOI: 10.1021/jf402085f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Lutein was loaded into liposomes, and their stability against environmental stress was investigated. Subsequently, these findings were correlated with the interactions between lutein and lipid bilayer. Results showed that the liposomes with loaded lutein at concentrations of 1 and 2% remained stable during preparation, heating, storage, and surfactant dissolution. However, with further increase in the loading concentration to 5 and 10%, the stabilization role of lutein on membrane was not pronounced or even opposite. Membrane fluidity demonstrated that at 1 and 2%, lutein displayed less fluidizing properties both in the headgroup region and in the hydrophobic core of the liposome, whereas this effect was not significant at 5 and 10%. Raman spectra demonstrated that lutein incorporation greatly affected the lateral packing order between acyl chains and longitudinal packing order of lipid acyl chains. These results may guide the potential application of liposomes as carriers for lutein in nutraceuticals and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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Moraes M, Carvalho JMP, Silva CR, Cho S, Sola MR, Pinho SC. Liposomes encapsulating beta-carotene produced by the proliposomes method: characterisation and shelf life of powders and phospholipid vesicles. Int J Food Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2012.03184.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marília Moraes
- Department of Food Engineering; Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering; University of São Paulo (USP); Av. Duque de Caxias Norte 225 - Jd Elite; Pirassununga; SP; 13635-900; Brazil
| | - José Mário P. Carvalho
- Department of Food Engineering; Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering; University of São Paulo (USP); Av. Duque de Caxias Norte 225 - Jd Elite; Pirassununga; SP; 13635-900; Brazil
| | - Cíntia R. Silva
- Department of Food Engineering; Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering; University of São Paulo (USP); Av. Duque de Caxias Norte 225 - Jd Elite; Pirassununga; SP; 13635-900; Brazil
| | - Stefany Cho
- Department of Food Engineering; Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering; University of São Paulo (USP); Av. Duque de Caxias Norte 225 - Jd Elite; Pirassununga; SP; 13635-900; Brazil
| | - Mirella R. Sola
- Department of Food Engineering; Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering; University of São Paulo (USP); Av. Duque de Caxias Norte 225 - Jd Elite; Pirassununga; SP; 13635-900; Brazil
| | - Samantha C. Pinho
- Department of Food Engineering; Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering; University of São Paulo (USP); Av. Duque de Caxias Norte 225 - Jd Elite; Pirassununga; SP; 13635-900; Brazil
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Differential effects of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone and estradiol on carotenoid deposition in an avian sexually selected signal. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol 2010; 197:1-13. [PMID: 20824278 PMCID: PMC3016205 DOI: 10.1007/s00359-010-0579-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2010] [Revised: 08/21/2010] [Accepted: 08/23/2010] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that carotenoid-based traits are under the control of testosterone (T) by up-regulation of carotenoid carriers (lipoproteins) and/or tissue-specific uptake of carotenoids. T can be converted to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and estradiol (E2), and variation in conversion rate may partly explain some contradictory findings in the literature. Moreover, most studies on the effect of T on sexual signals have focused on the male sex only, while in many species females show the same signal, albeit to a lesser extent. We studied the effects of T, DHT, and E2 treatment in male and female diamond doves Geopelia cuneata in which both sexes have an enlarged red eye ring, which is more pronounced in males. We first showed that this periorbital ring contains very high concentration of carotenoids, of which most are lutein esters. Both T and DHT were effective in enhancing hue, UV-chroma and size in both sexes, while E2 was ineffective. However, E2 dramatically increased the concentration of circulating lipoproteins. We conclude that in both sexes both color and size of the secondary sexual trait are androgen dependent. The action of androgens is independent of lipoproteins regulation. Potential mechanisms and their consequences for trade-off are discussed.
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Peng CH, Chang CH, Peng RY, Chyau CC. Improved membrane transport of astaxanthine by liposomal encapsulation. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2010; 75:154-61. [PMID: 20226858 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2010.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2009] [Revised: 03/02/2010] [Accepted: 03/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Astaxanthine (3,3'-dihydroxy-beta,beta'-caroten-4,4'-dione) (AST), a red-colored carotenoid pigment, possesses extremely powerful antioxidative activity. However, its drawbacks reside in poor solubility in aqueous system, resulting in extremely low bioavailability. To ameliorate such defects, we prepared AST encapsulated within liposomes (AST-L) and tested with Hep3B and HepG2 cell lines. AST-L had size 251+/-23 nm with AST content 89.0+/-8.6 mg/g. AST-L apparently showed improved stability and transportability. The overall transport time was 7.55 h and 6.00 h for free AST and AST-L, respectively. AST-L more effectively activated antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione S-transferase than free AST. Hep3B consumed AST more rapidly than HepG2 cell lines. Moreover, AST-L when combined with gamma radiation (10 Gy) therapy potentially triggered subG(1) arrest in Hep3B and HepG2 cell lines in a dose-responsive manner (p<0.05). To conclude, the poor bioavailability of AST can be improved by liposomal encapsulation, which can be a good adjuvant remedy in gamma radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiung-Huei Peng
- Research Institute of Biotechnology, Hungkuang University, Taichung Hsien, Taiwan
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Stasiuk M, Kozubek A. Membrane perturbing properties of natural phenolic and resorcinolic lipids. FEBS Lett 2008; 582:3607-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2008.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2008] [Revised: 09/16/2008] [Accepted: 09/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Shafaa MWI, Diehl HA, Socaciu C. The solubilisation pattern of lutein, zeaxanthin, canthaxanthin and β-carotene differ characteristically in liposomes, liver microsomes and retinal epithelial cells. Biophys Chem 2007; 129:111-9. [PMID: 17566630 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2007.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2006] [Revised: 05/09/2007] [Accepted: 05/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The incorporation efficiencies of lutein, zeaxanthin, canthaxanthin and beta-carotene into Retinal Pigment Epithelial (RPE) cells (the human RPE cell line D 407), liver microsomes and EYPC liposomes are investigated. In RPE cells the efficiency ratio of lutein and zeaxanthin compared to canthaxanthin and beta-carotene is higher than in the other membranes. The preferential interactions of lutein and zeaxanthin with RPE cells are discussed considering special protein binding properties. Incorporation yields were obtained from the UV-Vis spectra of the carotenoids. Membrane modulating effects of the carotenoids were obtained from the fluorescence spectra of co-incorporated Laurdan (6-dodecanoyl-2-dimethylaminonaphtalene). The Laurdan fluorescence quenching efficiencies of the membrane bound carotenoids offer an access to direct determinations of membrane carotenoid concentrations. Fetal calf serum as carrier for carotenoid incorporation appears superior to tetrahydrofuran.
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