1
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Andrilli LHS, Sebinelli HG, Cominal JG, Bolean M, Hayann L, Millán JL, Ramos AP, Ciancaglini P. Differential effects of the lipidic and ionic microenvironment on NPP1's phosphohydrolase and phosphodiesterase activities. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2024; 1866:184292. [PMID: 38342362 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2024.184292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (NPP1) is an enzyme present in matrix vesicles (MV). NPP1 participates on the regulation of bone formation by producing pyrophosphate (PPi) from adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Here, we have used liposomes bearing dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), sphingomyelin (SM), and cholesterol (Chol) harboring NPP1 to mimic the composition of MV lipid rafts to investigate ionic and lipidic influence on NPP1 activity and mineral propagation. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed that DPPC-liposomes had spherical and smooth surface. The presence of SM and Chol elicited rough and smooth surface, respectively. NPP1 insertion produced protrusions in all the liposome surface. Maximum phosphodiesterase activity emerged at 0.082 M ionic strength, whereas maximum phosphomonohydrolase activity arose at low ionic strength. Phosphoserine-Calcium Phosphate Complex (PS-CPLX) and amorphous calcium-phosphate (ACP) induced mineral propagation in DPPC- and DPPC:SM-liposomes and in DPPC:Chol-liposomes, respectively. Mineral characterization revealed the presence of bands assigned to HAp in the mineral propagated by NPP1 harbored in DPPC-liposomes without nucleators or in DPPC:Chol-liposomes with ACP nucleators. These data show that studying how the ionic and lipidic environment affects NPP1 properties is important, especially for HAp obtained under controlled conditions in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz H S Andrilli
- Department of Chemistry, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Heitor G Sebinelli
- Department of Chemistry, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Juçara G Cominal
- Department of Chemistry, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Maytê Bolean
- Department of Chemistry, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Larwsk Hayann
- Department of Chemistry, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - José Luís Millán
- Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ana P Ramos
- Department of Chemistry, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Pietro Ciancaglini
- Department of Chemistry, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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2
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Monti M, Milanetti E, Frans MT, Miotto M, Di Rienzo L, Baranov MV, Gosti G, Somavarapu AK, Nagaraj M, Golbek TW, Rossing E, Moons SJ, Boltje TJ, van den Bogaart G, Weidner T, Otzen DE, Tartaglia GG, Ruocco G, Roeters SJ. Two Receptor Binding Strategy of SARS-CoV-2 Is Mediated by Both the N-Terminal and Receptor-Binding Spike Domain. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:451-464. [PMID: 38190651 PMCID: PMC10801686 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c06258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
It is not well understood why severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 spreads much faster than other β-coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-CoV. In a previous publication, we predicted the binding of the N-terminal domain (NTD) of SARS-CoV-2 spike to sialic acids (SAs). Here, we experimentally validate this interaction and present simulations that reveal a second possible interaction between SAs and the spike protein via a binding site located in the receptor-binding domain (RBD). The predictions from molecular-dynamics simulations and the previously-published 2D-Zernike binding-site recognition approach were validated through flow-induced dispersion analysis (FIDA)─which reveals the capability of the SARS-CoV-2 spike to bind to SA-containing (glyco)lipid vesicles, and flow-cytometry measurements─which show that spike binding is strongly decreased upon inhibition of SA expression on the membranes of angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2)-expressing HEK cells. Our analyses reveal that the SA binding of the NTD and RBD strongly enhances the infection-inducing ACE2 binding. Altogether, our work provides in silico, in vitro, and cellular evidence that the SARS-CoV-2 virus utilizes a two-receptor (SA and ACE2) strategy. This allows the SARS-CoV-2 spike to use SA moieties on the cell membrane as a binding anchor, which increases the residence time of the virus on the cell surface and aids in the binding of the main receptor, ACE2, via 2D diffusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Monti
- RNA
Systems Biology, Centre for Human Technologies (CHT), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Enrico Melen, 83, 16152 Genova, Italy
- Center
for Life Nanoscience, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Edoardo Milanetti
- Center
for Life Nanoscience, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Department
of Physics, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Myrthe T. Frans
- Molecular
Immunology—Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mattia Miotto
- Center
for Life Nanoscience, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Di Rienzo
- Center
for Life Nanoscience, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Maksim V. Baranov
- Molecular
Immunology—Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Giorgio Gosti
- Center
for Life Nanoscience, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
- DHILab,
Istituto di Scienze del Patrimonio Culturale, Sede di Roma, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Salaria km, 29300, 00010 Rome, Italy
| | - Arun Kumar Somavarapu
- Interdisciplinary
Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Madhu Nagaraj
- Interdisciplinary
Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Thaddeus W. Golbek
- Department
of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Emiel Rossing
- Synthetic
Organic Chemistry, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sam J. Moons
- Synthetic
Organic Chemistry, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas J. Boltje
- Synthetic
Organic Chemistry, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Geert van den Bogaart
- Molecular
Immunology—Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tobias Weidner
- Department
of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Daniel E. Otzen
- Interdisciplinary
Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Gian Gaetano Tartaglia
- RNA
Systems Biology, Centre for Human Technologies (CHT), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Enrico Melen, 83, 16152 Genova, Italy
- Center
for Life Nanoscience, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Ruocco
- Center
for Life Nanoscience, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
- Department
of Physics, Sapienza University, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Steven J. Roeters
- Department
of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Amsterdam
UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Department of Anatomy
and Neurosciences, De
Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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3
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Veschi EA, Bolean M, da Silva Andrilli LH, Sebinelli HG, Strzelecka-Kiliszek A, Bandorowicz-Pikula J, Pikula S, Granjon T, Mebarek S, Magne D, Millán JL, Ramos AP, Buchet R, Bottini M, Ciancaglini P. Mineralization Profile of Annexin A6-Harbouring Proteoliposomes: Shedding Light on the Role of Annexin A6 on Matrix Vesicle-Mediated Mineralization. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168945. [PMID: 36012211 PMCID: PMC9409191 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The biochemical machinery involved in matrix vesicles-mediated bone mineralization involves a specific set of lipids, enzymes, and proteins. Annexins, among their many functions, have been described as responsible for the formation and stabilization of the matrix vesicles′ nucleational core. However, the specific role of each member of the annexin family, especially in the presence of type-I collagen, remains to be clarified. To address this issue, in vitro mineralization was carried out using AnxA6 (in solution or associated to the proteoliposomes) in the presence or in the absence of type-I collagen, incubated with either amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) or a phosphatidylserine-calcium phosphate complex (PS–CPLX) as nucleators. Proteoliposomes were composed of 1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), 1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine: 1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylserine (DPPC:DPPS), and DPPC:Cholesterol:DPPS to mimic the outer and the inner leaflet of the matrix vesicles membrane as well as to investigate the effect of the membrane fluidity. Kinetic parameters of mineralization were calculated from time-dependent turbidity curves of free Annexin A6 (AnxA6) and AnxA6-containing proteoliposomes dispersed in synthetic cartilage lymph. The chemical composition of the minerals formed was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Free AnxA6 and AnxA6-proteoliposomes in the presence of ACP were not able to propagate mineralization; however, poorly crystalline calcium phosphates were formed in the presence of PS–CPLX, supporting the role of annexin-calcium-phosphatidylserine complex in the formation and stabilization of the matrix vesicles’ nucleational core. We found that AnxA6 lacks nucleation propagation capacity when incorporated into liposomes in the presence of PS–CPLX and type-I collagen. This suggests that AnxA6 may interact either with phospholipids, forming a nucleational core, or with type-I collagen, albeit less efficiently, to induce the nucleation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekeveliny Amabile Veschi
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FFCLRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Maytê Bolean
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FFCLRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Henrique da Silva Andrilli
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FFCLRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Heitor Gobbi Sebinelli
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FFCLRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Slawomir Pikula
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Thierry Granjon
- University of Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5246, ICBMS, F-69622 Lyon, France
| | - Saida Mebarek
- University of Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5246, ICBMS, F-69622 Lyon, France
| | - David Magne
- University of Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5246, ICBMS, F-69622 Lyon, France
| | | | - Ana Paula Ramos
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FFCLRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
| | - Rene Buchet
- University of Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5246, ICBMS, F-69622 Lyon, France
| | - Massimo Bottini
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FFCLRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (P.C.); Tel.: +55-16-3315-3753 (P.C.); Fax: +55-16-3315-4838 (P.C.)
| | - Pietro Ciancaglini
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FFCLRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (P.C.); Tel.: +55-16-3315-3753 (P.C.); Fax: +55-16-3315-4838 (P.C.)
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4
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Andrilli LHS, Sebinelli HG, Favarin BZ, Cruz MAE, Ramos AP, Bolean M, Millán JL, Bottini M, Ciancaglini P. NPP1 and TNAP hydrolyze ATP synergistically during biomineralization. Purinergic Signal 2022:10.1007/s11302-022-09882-2. [DOI: 10.1007/s11302-022-09882-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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5
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Bartlett CL, Cave EM, Crowther NJ, Ferris WF. A new perspective on the function of Tissue Non-Specific Alkaline Phosphatase: from bone mineralization to intra-cellular lipid accumulation. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:2093-2106. [PMID: 35471716 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04429-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) is one of four isozymes, which include germ cell, placental and intestinal alkaline phosphatases. The TNAP isozyme has 3 isoforms (liver, bone and kidney) which differ by tissue expression and glycosylation pattern. Despite a long history of investigation, the exact function of TNAP in many tissues is largely unknown. Only the bone isoform has been well characterised during mineralization where the enzyme hydrolyses pyrophosphate to inorganic phosphate, which combines with calcium to form hydroxyapatite crystals deposited as new bone. The inorganic phosphate also increases gene expression of proteins that support tissue mineralization. Recent studies have shown that TNAP is expressed in preadipocytes from several species, and that inhibition of TNAP activity causes attenuation of intracellular lipid accumulation in these and other lipid-storing cells. The mechanism by which TNAP stimulates lipid accumulation is not known; however, proteins that are important for controlling phosphate levels in bone are also expressed in adipocytes. This review examines the evidence that inorganic phosphate generated by TNAP promotes transcription that enhances the expression of the regulators of lipid storage and consequently, that TNAP has a major function of lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara-Lesley Bartlett
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Eleanor Margaret Cave
- Department of Chemical Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Nigel John Crowther
- Department of Chemical Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa.,Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - William Frank Ferris
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
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6
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Favarin BZ, Bolean M, Ramos AP, Magrini A, Rosato N, Millán JL, Bottini M, Costa-Filho AJ, Ciancaglini P. Lipid composition modulates ATP hydrolysis and calcium phosphate mineral propagation by TNAP-harboring proteoliposomes. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 691:108482. [PMID: 32710882 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Bone biomineralization is mediated by a special class of extracellular vesicles, named matrix vesicles (MVs), released by osteogenic cells. The MV membrane is enriched in sphingomyelin (SM), cholesterol (Chol) and tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) compared with the parent cells' plasma membrane. TNAP is an ATP phosphohydrolase bound to cell and MV membranes via a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor. Previous studies have shown that the lipid microenvironment influences the catalytic activity of enzymes incorporated into lipid bilayers. However, there is a lack of information about how the lipid microenvironment controls the ability of MV membrane-bound enzymes to induce mineral precipitation. Herein, we used TNAP-harboring proteoliposomes made of either pure dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) or DMPC mixed with either Chol, SM or both of them as MV biomimetic systems to evaluate how the composition modulates the lipid microenvironment and, in turn, TNAP incorporation into the lipid bilayer by means of calorimetry. These results were correlated with the proteoliposomes' catalytic activity and ability to induce the precipitation of amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) in vitro. DMPC:SM proteoliposomes displayed the highest efficiency of mineral propagation, apparent affinity for ATP and substrate hydrolysis efficiency, which correlated with their highest degree of membrane organization (highest ΔH), among the tested proteoliposomes. Results obtained from turbidimetry and Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed that the tested proteoliposomes induced ACP precipitation with the order DMPC:SM>DMPC:Chol:SM≈DMPC:Chol>DMPC which correlated with the lipid organization and the presence of SM in the proteoliposome membrane. Our study arises important insights regarding the physical properties and role of lipid organization in MV-mediated mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Z Favarin
- Department of Chemistry, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil; Department of Physics, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - M Bolean
- Department of Chemistry, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - A P Ramos
- Department of Chemistry, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - A Magrini
- Department of Biopathology and Imaging Diagnostics, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - N Rosato
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - J L Millán
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - M Bottini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - A J Costa-Filho
- Department of Physics, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - P Ciancaglini
- Department of Chemistry, FFCLRP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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7
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Bolean M, Izzi B, van Kerckhoven S, Bottini M, Ramos AP, Millán JL, Hoylaerts MF, Ciancaglini P. Matrix vesicle biomimetics harboring Annexin A5 and alkaline phosphatase bind to the native collagen matrix produced by mineralizing vascular smooth muscle cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2020; 1864:129629. [PMID: 32360152 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGOUND Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) transdifferentiated ectopically trigger vascular calcifications, contributing to clinical cardiovascular disease in the aging population. AnxA5 and TNAP play a crucial role in (patho)physiological mineralization. METHODS We performed affinity studies between DPPC and 9:1 DPPC:DPPS-proteoliposomes carrying AnxA5 and/or TNAP and different types of collagen matrix: type I, II, I + III and native collagenous extracellular matrix (ECM) produced from VSMCs with or without differentiation, to simulate ectopic calcification conditions. RESULTS AnxA5-proteoliposomes had the highest affinity for collagens, specially for type II. TNAP-proteoliposomes bound poorly and the simultaneous presence of TNAP in the AnxA5-proteoliposomes disturbed interactions between AnxA5 and collagen. DPPC AnxA5-proteoliposomes affinities for ECM from transdifferentiating cells went up 2-fold compared to that from native VSMCs. The affinities of DPPC:DPPS-proteoliposomes were high for ECM from VSMCs with or without differentiation, underscoring a synergistic effect between AnxA5 and DPPS. Co-localization studies uncovered binding of proteoliposomes harboring AnxA5 or TNAP+AnxA5 to various regions of the ECM, not limited to type II collagen. CONCLUSION AnxA5-proteoliposomes showed the highest affinities for type II collagen, deposited during chondrocyte mineralization in joint cartilage. TNAP in the lipid/protein microenvironment disturbs interactions between AnxA5 and collagen. These findings support the hypothesis that TNAP is cleaved from the MVs membrane just before ECM binding, such facilitating MV anchoring to ECM via AnxA5 interaction. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Proteoliposomes as MV biomimetics are useful in the understanding of mechanisms that regulate the mineralization process and may be essential for the development of novel therapeutic strategies to prevent or inhibit ectopic mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maytê Bolean
- Department of Chemistry, FFCLRP-USP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Benedetta Izzi
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS NEUROMED, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Bottini
- University of Rome Tor Vergata, Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Roma, Italy; Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ana Paula Ramos
- Department of Chemistry, FFCLRP-USP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - José Luis Millán
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marc F Hoylaerts
- Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pietro Ciancaglini
- Department of Chemistry, FFCLRP-USP, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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8
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Veschi EA, Bolean M, Strzelecka-Kiliszek A, Bandorowicz-Pikula J, Pikula S, Granjon T, Mebarek S, Magne D, Ramos AP, Rosato N, Millán JL, Buchet R, Bottini M, Ciancaglini P. Localization of Annexin A6 in Matrix Vesicles During Physiological Mineralization. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1367. [PMID: 32085611 PMCID: PMC7072960 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Annexin A6 (AnxA6) is the largest member of the annexin family of proteins present in matrix vesicles (MVs). MVs are a special class of extracellular vesicles that serve as a nucleation site during cartilage, bone, and mantle dentin mineralization. In this study, we assessed the localization of AnxA6 in the MV membrane bilayer using native MVs and MV biomimetics. Biochemical analyses revealed that AnxA6 in MVs can be divided into three distinct groups. The first group corresponds to Ca2+-bound AnxA6 interacting with the inner leaflet of the MV membrane. The second group corresponds to AnxA6 localized on the surface of the outer leaflet. The third group corresponds to AnxA6 inserted in the membrane's hydrophobic bilayer and co-localized with cholesterol (Chol). Using monolayers and proteoliposomes composed of either dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) to mimic the outer leaflet of the MV membrane bilayer or a 9:1 DPPC:dipalmitoylphosphatidylserine (DPPS) mixture to mimic the inner leaflet, with and without Ca2+, we confirmed that, in agreement with the biochemical data, AnxA6 interacted differently with the MV membrane. Thermodynamic analyses based on the measurement of surface pressure exclusion (πexc), enthalpy (ΔH), and phase transition cooperativity (Δt1/2) showed that AnxA6 interacted with DPPC and 9:1 DPPC:DPPS systems and that this interaction increased in the presence of Chol. The selective recruitment of AnxA6 by Chol was observed in MVs as probed by the addition of methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD). AnxA6-lipid interaction was also Ca2+-dependent, as evidenced by the increase in πexc in negatively charged 9:1 DPPC:DPPS monolayers and the decrease in ΔH in 9:1 DPPC:DPPS proteoliposomes caused by the addition of AnxA6 in the presence of Ca2+ compared to DPPC zwitterionic bilayers. The interaction of AnxA6 with DPPC and 9:1 DPPC:DPPS systems was distinct even in the absence of Ca2+ as observed by the larger change in Δt1/2 in 9:1 DPPC:DPPS vesicles as compared to DPPC vesicles. Protrusions on the surface of DPPC proteoliposomes observed by atomic force microscopy suggested that oligomeric AnxA6 interacted with the vesicle membrane. Further work is needed to delineate possible functions of AnxA6 at its different localizations and ways of interaction with lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekeveliny Amabile Veschi
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FFCLRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-900, Brazil
| | - Maytê Bolean
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FFCLRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-900, Brazil
| | | | | | - Slawomir Pikula
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Thierry Granjon
- Universite Lyon 1, UFR Chimie Biochimie, CEDEX, 69 622 Villeurbanne, France
- ICBMS UMR 5246 CNRS, CEDEX, 69 622 Villeurbanne, France
- INSA, Lyon, CEDEX, 69 622 Villeurbanne, France
- CPE, Lyon, CEDEX, 69 622 Villeurbanne, France
- Université de Lyon, CEDEX, 69 622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Saida Mebarek
- Universite Lyon 1, UFR Chimie Biochimie, CEDEX, 69 622 Villeurbanne, France
- ICBMS UMR 5246 CNRS, CEDEX, 69 622 Villeurbanne, France
- INSA, Lyon, CEDEX, 69 622 Villeurbanne, France
- CPE, Lyon, CEDEX, 69 622 Villeurbanne, France
- Université de Lyon, CEDEX, 69 622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - David Magne
- Universite Lyon 1, UFR Chimie Biochimie, CEDEX, 69 622 Villeurbanne, France
- ICBMS UMR 5246 CNRS, CEDEX, 69 622 Villeurbanne, France
- INSA, Lyon, CEDEX, 69 622 Villeurbanne, France
- CPE, Lyon, CEDEX, 69 622 Villeurbanne, France
- Université de Lyon, CEDEX, 69 622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Ana Paula Ramos
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FFCLRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-900, Brazil
| | - Nicola Rosato
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - José Luis Millán
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Rene Buchet
- Universite Lyon 1, UFR Chimie Biochimie, CEDEX, 69 622 Villeurbanne, France
- ICBMS UMR 5246 CNRS, CEDEX, 69 622 Villeurbanne, France
- INSA, Lyon, CEDEX, 69 622 Villeurbanne, France
- CPE, Lyon, CEDEX, 69 622 Villeurbanne, France
- Université de Lyon, CEDEX, 69 622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Massimo Bottini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Pietro Ciancaglini
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FFCLRP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-900, Brazil
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9
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Derradi R, Bolean M, Simão A, Caseli L, Millán J, Bottini M, Ciancaglini P, Ramos A. Cholesterol Regulates the Incorporation and Catalytic Activity of Tissue-Nonspecific Alkaline Phosphatase in DPPC Monolayers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:15232-15241. [PMID: 31702926 PMCID: PMC7105399 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Matrix vesicles (MVs) are a special class of extracellular vesicles that drive bone and dentin mineralization by providing the essential enzymes and ions for the nucleation and propagation of mineral crystals. Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) is an integral protein of MV membrane and participates in biomineralization by hydrolyzing extracellular pyrophosphate (PPi), a strong mineralization inhibitor, and forming inorganic phosphate (Pi), necessary for the growth of mineral crystals inside MVs and their propagation once released in the extracellular matrix. MV membrane is enriched in cholesterol (CHOL), which influences the incorporation and activity of integral proteins in biologic membranes; however, how CHOL controls the incorporation and activity of TNAP in MV membrane has not yet been elucidated. In the present study, Langmuir monolayers were used as a MV membrane biomimetic model to assess how CHOL affects TNAP incorporation and activity. Surface pressure-area (π-A) isotherms of binary dipalmitoilphosphatidylcholine (DPPC)/CHOL monolayers showed that TNAP incorporation increases with CHOL concentration. Infrared spectroscopy showed that CHOL influences the conformation and orientation of the enzyme. Optical-fluorescence micrographs of the monolayers revealed the tendency of TNAP to incorporate into CHOL-rich microdomains. These data suggest that TNAP penetrates more efficiently and occupies a higher surface area into monolayers with a lower CHOL concentration due to the higher membrane fluidity. However, the quantity of enzyme transferred to solid supports as well as the enzymatic activity were higher using monolayers with a higher CHOL concentration due to increased rigidity that changes the enzyme orientation at the air-solid interface. These data provide new insights regarding the interfacial behavior of TNAP and CHOL in MVs and shed light on the biochemical and biophysical processes occurring in the MV membrane during biomineralization at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Derradi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirao Preto, Department of Chemistry, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil, 14040-901
| | - M. Bolean
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirao Preto, Department of Chemistry, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil, 14040-901
| | - A.M.S. Simão
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirao Preto, Department of Chemistry, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil, 14040-901
| | - L. Caseli
- Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Rua Sao Nicolau, 210, Centro, Diadema, SP, Brazil, 09913-030
| | - J.L. Millán
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - M. Bottini
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - P. Ciancaglini
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirao Preto, Department of Chemistry, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil, 14040-901
| | - A.P. Ramos
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirao Preto, Department of Chemistry, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil, 14040-901
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10
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Cave E, Crowther NJ. Tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase mediates the accumulation of cholesterol esters in the murine Y1 adrenal cortex cell line. Ann Anat 2019; 227:151420. [PMID: 31563571 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2019.151420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cholesterol esters (CEs) accumulate in the cells of the adrenal cortex and are used for the synthesis of steroid hormones. The full molecular pathways involved in mediating the accumulation of CEs within the adrenal cortex are yet to be elucidated. Tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) is needed for intracellular lipid accumulation of triglycerides in adipocytes and is also expressed in the cortical cells of the adrenal gland. Therefore we aimed to determine if TNAP is needed for the accumulation of CEs within the murine Y1 adrenal cortex cell line. METHODS Y1 cells were induced to accumulate lipids. Lipid accumulation and TNAP activity and expression were determined throughout intracellular lipid accumulation. The location of TNAP within the cell was determined through immunohistochemical analysis. Lipid accumulation in the cells was associated with a rise in TNAP activity and TNAP was localised to lipid droplets within the Y1 cells. Inhibition of TNAP with a specific inhibitor (levamisole) resulted in the cessation of CE accumulation. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that TNAP plays a role in the control of lipid accumulation in this adrenal cortex cell line. Therefore, in both triglyceride and CE storing cell types TNAP would seem to be essential for intra-cellular lipid storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Cave
- Department of Chemical Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand Faculty of Health Sciences, National Health Laboratory Service, School of Pathology, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Nigel J Crowther
- Department of Chemical Pathology, University of the Witwatersrand Faculty of Health Sciences, National Health Laboratory Service, School of Pathology, Johannesburg, South Africa
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11
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Simão AMS, Bolean M, Favarin BZ, Veschi EA, Tovani CB, Ramos AP, Bottini M, Buchet R, Millán JL, Ciancaglini P. Lipid microenvironment affects the ability of proteoliposomes harboring TNAP to induce mineralization without nucleators. J Bone Miner Metab 2019; 37:607-613. [PMID: 30324534 PMCID: PMC6465158 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-018-0962-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP), a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored ectoenzyme present on the membrane of matrix vesicles (MVs), hydrolyzes the mineralization inhibitor inorganic pyrophosphate as well as ATP to generate the inorganic phosphate needed for apatite formation. Herein, we used proteoliposomes harboring TNAP as MV biomimetics with or without nucleators of mineral formation (amorphous calcium phosphate and complexes with phosphatidylserine) to assess the role of the MVs' membrane lipid composition on TNAP activity by means of turbidity assay and FTIR analysis. We found that TNAP-proteoliposomes have the ability to induce mineralization even in the absence of mineral nucleators. We also found that the addition of cholesterol or sphingomyelin to TNAP-proteoliposomes composed of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine reduced the ability of TNAP to induce biomineralization. Our results suggest that the lipid microenvironment is essential for the induction and propagation of minerals mediated by TNAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maria Sper Simão
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FFCLRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Maytê Bolean
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FFCLRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Bruno Zoccaratto Favarin
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FFCLRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Ekeveliny Amabile Veschi
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FFCLRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Camila Bussola Tovani
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FFCLRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Ramos
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FFCLRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Massimo Bottini
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Rene Buchet
- UFR Chimie Biochimie, Universite Lyon 1, 69 622, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
- ICBMS, UMR 5246, CNRS, 69 622, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
- INSA, Lyon, 69 622, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
- CPE, Lyon, 69 622, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
- Universite de Lyon, 69 622, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - José Luis Millán
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Pietro Ciancaglini
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo (FFCLRP-USP), Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-901, Brazil.
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12
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Sebinelli HG, Borin IA, Ciancaglini P, Bolean M. Topographical and mechanical properties of liposome surfaces harboring Na,K-ATPase by means of atomic force microscopy. SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:2737-2745. [PMID: 30868144 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm00040b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we obtained unprecedented AFM images of the Na,K-ATPase (NKA) pump after being reconstituted into DPPC and DPPC:DPPE liposomes. The mechanical properties observed in the phase images were associated with protrusions correlated to NKA microdomains, which are the darker areas seen in the AFM phase images. Protrusions in the DPPC-NKA proteoliposomes ranged from 38 to 115 nm, with 74 ± 21 nm diameter and 2.1 ± 1.4 nm height. DPPC:DPPE-NKA proteoliposomes showed protrusions from 21 to 78 nm, with 38 ± 16 nm diameter and 0.7 ± 0.5 nm height. We have estimated the presence of annular lipids in the microdomains considering that the areas of the protrusions should contain αβ oligomers and annular phospholipids. For DPPC-NKA proteoliposomes, we hypothesize that 40 phospholipids surround an (αβ)2 dimer and 46 phospholipids are present for the DPPC:DPPE-NKA proteoliposomes in an αβ monomer. Catalytic activity measurements of both lipid compositions of proteoliposomes harboring NKA provide strong evidence regarding the protein orientation in the biomembrane. AFM data suggest that DPPC-NKA proteoliposomes are also rightside-out protein orientated, where the protrusions have an average height of 2.1 nm, while for DPPC:DPPE-NKA proteoliposomes, the majority of the protein reconstituted should be inside-out orientated, where the protrusions' average height is 0.5 nm. This result corroborates with the enzymatic analysis, where 61% and 91% of the enzymatic activity was recovered, respectively. Thus, a new application of AFM as a tool for the determination of topological features of protrusions in proteoliposomes has been brought to the scientific community, in addition to revealing the distinct catalytic orientation of enzymes present in the biomembranes model.
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Affiliation(s)
- H G Sebinelli
- Universidade de São Paulo, FFCLRP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - I A Borin
- Universidade de São Paulo, FFCLRP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - P Ciancaglini
- Universidade de São Paulo, FFCLRP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M Bolean
- Universidade de São Paulo, FFCLRP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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13
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Andrade MAR, Derradi R, Simão AMS, Millán JL, Ramos AP, Ciancaglini P, Bolean M. Is alkaline phosphatase biomimeticaly immobilized on titanium able to propagate the biomineralization process? Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 663:192-198. [PMID: 30659801 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) is a key enzyme in the biomineralization process as it produces phosphate from a number of phospho-substrates stimulating mineralization while it also inactivates inorganic pyrophosphate, a potent mineralization inhibitor. We have previously reported on the reconstitution of TNAP on Langmuir monolayers as well as proteoliposomes. In the present study, thin films composed of dimyristoylphosphatidic acid (DMPA) were deposited on titanium supports by the Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique, and we determined preservation of TNAP's phosphohydrolytic activity after incorporation into the LB films. Increased mineralization was observed after exposing the supports containing the DMPA:TNAP LB films to solutions of phospho-substrates, thus evidencing the role of TNAP on the growth of calcium phosphates after immobilization. These coatings deposited on metallic supports can be potentially applied as osteoconductive materials, aiming at the optimization of bone-substitutes integration in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A R Andrade
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Derradi
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana M S Simão
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Luis Millán
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Ana P Ramos
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pietro Ciancaglini
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maytê Bolean
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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14
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Bottini M, Mebarek S, Anderson KL, Strzelecka-Kiliszek A, Bozycki L, Simão AMS, Bolean M, Ciancaglini P, Pikula JB, Pikula S, Magne D, Volkmann N, Hanein D, Millán JL, Buchet R. Matrix vesicles from chondrocytes and osteoblasts: Their biogenesis, properties, functions and biomimetic models. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1862:532-546. [PMID: 29108957 PMCID: PMC5801150 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Matrix vesicles (MVs) are released from hypertrophic chondrocytes and from mature osteoblasts, the cells responsible for endochondral and membranous ossification. Under pathological conditions, they can also be released from cells of non-skeletal tissues such as vascular smooth muscle cells. MVs are extracellular vesicles of approximately 100-300nm diameter harboring the biochemical machinery needed to induce mineralization. SCOPE OF THE REVIEW The review comprehensively delineates our current knowledge of MV biology and highlights open questions aiming to stimulate further research. The review is constructed as a series of questions addressing issues of MVs ranging from their biogenesis and functions, to biomimetic models. It critically evaluates experimental data including their isolation and characterization methods, like lipidomics, proteomics, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and proteoliposome models mimicking MVs. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS MVs have a relatively well-defined function as initiators of mineralization. They bind to collagen and their composition reflects the composition of lipid rafts. We call attention to the as yet unclear mechanisms leading to the biogenesis of MVs, and how minerals form and when they are formed. We discuss the prospects of employing upcoming experimental models to deepen our understanding of MV-mediated mineralization and mineralization disorders such as the use of reconstituted lipid vesicles, proteoliposomes and, native sample preparations and high-resolution technologies. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE MVs have been extensively investigated owing to their roles in skeletal and ectopic mineralization. MVs serve as a model system for lipid raft structures, and for the mechanisms of genesis and release of extracellular vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Bottini
- University of Rome Tor Vergata, Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, 00133 Roma, Italy; Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Saida Mebarek
- Universite Lyon 1, UFR Chimie Biochimie, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; ICBMS UMR 5246 CNRS, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; INSA, Lyon, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; CPE, Lyon, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; Universite de Lyon, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Karen L Anderson
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Agnieszka Strzelecka-Kiliszek
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lukasz Bozycki
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ana Maria Sper Simão
- Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Departamento de Química, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Maytê Bolean
- Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Departamento de Química, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Pietro Ciancaglini
- Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Departamento de Química, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Joanna Bandorowicz Pikula
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Slawomir Pikula
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - David Magne
- Universite Lyon 1, UFR Chimie Biochimie, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; ICBMS UMR 5246 CNRS, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; INSA, Lyon, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; CPE, Lyon, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; Universite de Lyon, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Niels Volkmann
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Dorit Hanein
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - José Luis Millán
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Rene Buchet
- Universite Lyon 1, UFR Chimie Biochimie, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; ICBMS UMR 5246 CNRS, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; INSA, Lyon, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; CPE, Lyon, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France; Universite de Lyon, 69 622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
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15
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Bolean M, Borin IA, Simão AMS, Bottini M, Bagatolli LA, Hoylaerts MF, Millán JL, Ciancaglini P. Topographic analysis by atomic force microscopy of proteoliposomes matrix vesicle mimetics harboring TNAP and AnxA5. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2017; 1859:1911-1920. [PMID: 28549727 PMCID: PMC5793902 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is one of the most commonly used scanning probe microscopy techniques for nanoscale imaging and characterization of lipid-based particles. However, obtaining images of such particles using AFM is still a challenge. The present study extends the capabilities of AFM to the characterization of proteoliposomes, a special class of liposomes composed of lipids and proteins, mimicking matrix vesicles (MVs) involved in the biomineralization process. To this end, proteoliposomes were synthesized, composed of 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-l-serine (DPPS), with inserted tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) and/or annexin V (AnxA5), both characteristic proteins of osteoblast-derived MVs. We then aimed to study how TNAP and AnxA5 insertion affects the proteoliposomes' membrane properties and, in turn, interactions with type II collagen, thus mimicking early MV activity during biomineralization. AFM images of these proteoliposomes, acquired in dynamic mode, revealed the presence of surface protrusions with distinct viscoelasticity, thus suggesting that the presence of the proteins induced local changes in membrane fluidity. Surface protrusions were measurable in TNAP-proteoliposomes but barely detectable in AnxA5-proteoliposomes. More complex surface structures were observed for proteoliposomes harboring both TNAP and AnxA5 concomitantly, resulting in a lower affinity for type II collagen fibers compared to proteoliposomes harboring AnxA5 alone. The present study achieved the topographic analysis of lipid vesicles by direct visualization of structural changes, resulting from protein incorporation, without the need for fluorescent probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maytê Bolean
- Depto. Química, FFCLRP-USP, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Ivana A Borin
- Depto. Química, FFCLRP-USP, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana M S Simão
- Depto. Química, FFCLRP-USP, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Massimo Bottini
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Inflammatory and Infectious Disease Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Luis A Bagatolli
- MEMPHYS - Center for Biomembrane Physics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Marc F Hoylaerts
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - José L Millán
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pietro Ciancaglini
- Depto. Química, FFCLRP-USP, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Abstract
During the process of endochondral bone formation, chondrocytes and osteoblasts mineralize their extracellular matrix (ECM) by promoting the synthesis of hydroxyapatite (HA) seed crystals in the sheltered interior of membrane-limited matrix vesicles (MVs). Several lipid and proteins present in the membrane of the MVs mediate the interactions of MVs with the ECM and regulate the initial mineral deposition and posterior propagation. Among the proteins of MV membranes, ion transporters control the availability of phosphate and calcium needed for initial HA deposition. Phosphatases (orphan phosphatase 1, ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 and tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase) play a crucial role in controlling the inorganic pyrophosphate/inorganic phosphate ratio that allows MV-mediated initiation of mineralization. The lipidic microenvironment can help in the nucleation process of first crystals and also plays a crucial physiological role in the function of MV-associated enzymes and transporters (type III sodium-dependent phosphate transporters, annexins and Na+/K+ ATPase). The whole process is mediated and regulated by the action of several molecules and steps, which make the process complex and highly regulated. Liposomes and proteoliposomes, as models of biological membranes, facilitate the understanding of lipid-protein interactions with emphasis on the properties of physicochemical and biochemical processes. In this review, we discuss the use of proteoliposomes as multiple protein carrier systems intended to mimic the various functions of MVs during the initiation and propagation of mineral growth in the course of biomineralization. We focus on studies applying biophysical tools to characterize the biomimetic models in order to gain an understanding of the importance of lipid-protein and lipid-lipid interfaces throughout the process.
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17
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Effect of the presence of cholesterol in the interfacial microenvironment on the modulation of the alkaline phosphatase activity during in vitro mineralization. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 155:466-476. [PMID: 28472750 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Mineralization of the skeleton starts within cell-derived matrix vesicles (MVs); then, minerals propagate to the extracellular collagenous matrix. Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) degrades inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi), a potent inhibitor of mineralization, and contributes Pi (Phosphate) from ATP to initiate mineralization. Compared to the plasma membrane, MVs are rich in Cholesterol (Chol) (∼32%) and TNAP, but how Chol influences TNAP activity remains unclear. We have reconstituted TNAP in liposomes of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) or dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC) combined with Chol or its derivatives Cholestenone (Achol) and Ergosterol (Ergo). DPPC plus 36% sterols in liposome increased the catalytic activity of TNAP toward ATP. The presence of Chol also increased the propagation of minerals by 3.4-fold. The catalytic efficiency of TNAP toward ATP was fourfold lower in DOPC proteoliposomes as compared to DPPC proteoliposomes. DOPC proteoliposomes also increased biomineralization by 2.8-fold as compared to DPPC proteoliposomes. TNAP catalyzed the hydrolysis of ATP more efficiently in the case of the proteoliposome consisting of DOPC with 36% Chol. The same behavior emerged with Achol and Ergo. The organization of the lipid and the structure of the sterol influenced the surface tension (γ), the TNAP phosphohydrolytic activity in the monolayer, and the TNAP catalytic efficiency in the bilayers. Membranes in the Lα phase (Achol) provided better kinetic parameters as compared to membranes in the Lo phase (Chol and Ergo). In conclusion, the physical properties and the lateral organization of lipids in proteoliposomes are crucial to control mineral propagation mediated by TNAP activity during mineralization.
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Ramos AP, Cruz MAE, Tovani CB, Ciancaglini P. Biomedical applications of nanotechnology. Biophys Rev 2017; 9:79-89. [PMID: 28510082 PMCID: PMC5425815 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-016-0246-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability to investigate substances at the molecular level has boosted the search for materials with outstanding properties for use in medicine. The application of these novel materials has generated the new research field of nanobiotechnology, which plays a central role in disease diagnosis, drug design and delivery, and implants. In this review, we provide an overview of the use of metallic and metal oxide nanoparticles, carbon-nanotubes, liposomes, and nanopatterned flat surfaces for specific biomedical applications. The chemical and physical properties of the surface of these materials allow their use in diagnosis, biosensing and bioimaging devices, drug delivery systems, and bone substitute implants. The toxicology of these particles is also discussed in the light of a new field referred to as nanotoxicology that studies the surface effects emerging from nanostructured materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Ramos
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - Marcos A E Cruz
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila B Tovani
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Pietro Ciancaglini
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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19
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Garcia AF, Simão AMS, Bolean M, Hoylaerts MF, Millán JL, Ciancaglini P, Costa-Filho AJ. Effects of GPI-anchored TNAP on the dynamic structure of model membranes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 17:26295-301. [PMID: 26389140 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp02377g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) plays a crucial role during skeletal mineralization, and TNAP deficiency leads to the soft bone disease hypophosphatasia. TNAP is anchored to the external surface of the plasma membranes by means of a GPI (glycosylphosphatidylinositol) anchor. Membrane-anchored and solubilized TNAP displays different kinetic properties against physiological substrates, indicating that membrane anchoring influences the enzyme function. Here, we used Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) measurements along with spin labeled phospholipids to probe the possible dynamic changes prompted by the interaction of GPI-anchored TNAP with model membranes. The goal was to systematically analyze the ESR data in terms of line shape changes and of alterations in parameters such as rotational diffusion rates and order parameters obtained from non-linear least-squares simulations of the ESR spectra of probes incorporated into DPPC liposomes and proteoliposomes. Overall, the presence of TNAP increased the dynamics and decreased the ordering in the three distinct regions probed by the spin labeled lipids DOPTC (headgroup), and 5- and 16-PCSL (acyl chains). The largest change was observed for 16-PCSL, thus suggesting that GPI-anchored TNAP can give rise to long reaching modifications that could influence membrane processes halfway through the bilayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Garcia
- Laboratório de Biofísica Molecular, Departamento de Física, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Simão AMS, Bolean M, Cury TAC, Stabeli RG, Itri R, Ciancaglini P. Liposomal systems as carriers for bioactive compounds. Biophys Rev 2015; 7:391-397. [PMID: 28510100 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-015-0180-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the revolutionary discovery that phospholipids can form closed bilayered structures in aqueous systems, the study of liposomes has become a very interesting area of research. The versatility and amazing biocompatibility of liposomes has resulted in their wide-spread use in many scientific fields, and many of their applications, especially in medicine, have yielded breakthroughs in recent decades. Specifically, their easy preparation and various structural aspects have given rise to broadly usable methodologies to internalize different compounds, with either lipophilic or hydrophilic properties. The study of compounds with potential biotechnological application(s) is generally related to evaluation and risk assessment of the possible cytotoxic or therapeutic effects of the compound under study. In most cases, undesirable side-effects are associated with an interaction of the liposome with the cell membrane and/or its absorption and subsequent interaction with a cellular biomolecule. Liposomal carrier systems have an unprecedented potential for delivering bioactive substances to specific molecular targets due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability and low toxicity. Liposomes are therefore considered to be an invaluable asset in applied biotechnology studies due to their potential for interaction with both hydrophilic and lipophilic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maria Sper Simão
- Departmento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Maytê Bolean
- Departmento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Thuanny Alexandra Campos Cury
- Departmento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Guerino Stabeli
- Centro de Nanotecnologia Aplicada a Saúde-Nanosus, Presidência da Fiocruz, Rua Prof. Algacyr Munhoz Mader, 3775, 81350-010, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.,Brasil e Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil
| | - Rosangela Itri
- Depto. Física Aplicada, Instituto de Física, IF-USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Pietro Ciancaglini
- Departmento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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21
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Bolean M, Simão AMS, Kiffer-Moreira T, Hoylaerts MF, Millán JL, Itri R, Ciancaglini P. Proteoliposomes with the ability to transport Ca(2+) into the vesicles and hydrolyze phosphosubstrates on their surface. Arch Biochem Biophys 2015; 584:79-89. [PMID: 26325078 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2015.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We describe the production of stable DPPC and DPPC:DPPS-proteoliposomes harboring annexin V (AnxA5) and tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) and their use to investigate whether the presence of AnxA5 impacts the kinetic parameters for hydrolysis of TNAP substrates at physiological pH. The best catalytic efficiency was achieved in DPPS 10%-proteoliposomes (molar ratio), conditions that also increased the specificity of TNAP hydrolysis of PPi. Melting behavior of liposomes and proteoliposomes was analyzed via differential scanning calorimetry. The presence of 10% DPPS in DPPC-liposomes causes a broadening of the transition peaks, with AnxA5 and TNAP promoting a decrease in ΔH values. AnxA5 was able to mediate Ca(2+)-influx into the DPPC and DPPC:DPPS 10%-vesicles at physiological Ca(2+) concentrations (∼2 mM). This process was not affected by the presence of TNAP in the proteoliposomes. However, AnxA5 significantly affects the hydrolysis of TNAP substrates. Studies with GUVs confirmed the functional reconstitution of AnxA5 in the mimetic systems. These proteoliposomes are useful as mimetics of mineralizing cell-derived matrix vesicles, known to be responsible for the initiation of endochondral ossification, as they successfully transport Ca(2+) and possess the ability to hydrolyze phosphosubstrates in the lipid-water interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maytê Bolean
- Depto. Química, FFCLRP-USP, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria S Simão
- Depto. Química, FFCLRP-USP, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Tina Kiffer-Moreira
- Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marc F Hoylaerts
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - José Luis Millán
- Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Rosangela Itri
- Depto. Física Aplicada, Instituto de Física, IF-USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Pietro Ciancaglini
- Depto. Química, FFCLRP-USP, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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Wang J, Sun R, Hao C. Mixed alkaline phosphatase/sphingomyelin monolayer at the air-buffer interface: phase behavior and morphology. Sci China Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-014-5124-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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23
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Ciancaglini P, Simão AMS, Bolean M, Millán JL, Rigos CF, Yoneda JS, Colhone MC, Stabeli RG. Proteoliposomes in nanobiotechnology. Biophys Rev 2012; 4:67-81. [PMID: 28510001 PMCID: PMC5418368 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-011-0065-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteoliposomes are systems that mimic lipid membranes (liposomes) to which a protein has been incorporated or inserted. During the last decade, these systems have gained prominence as tools for biophysical studies on lipid-protein interactions as well as for their biotechnological applications. Proteoliposomes have a major advantage when compared with natural membrane systems, since they can be obtained with a smaller number of lipidic (and protein) components, facilitating the design and interpretation of certain experiments. However, they have the disadvantage of requiring methodological standardization for incorporation of each specific protein, and the need to verify that the reconstitution procedure has yielded the correct orientation of the protein in the proteoliposome system with recovery of its functional activity. In this review, we chose two proteins under study in our laboratory to exemplify the steps necessary for the standardization of the reconstitution of membrane proteins in liposome systems: (1) alkaline phosphatase, a protein with a glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor, and (2) Na,K-ATPase, an integral membrane protein. In these examples, we focus on the production of the specific proteoliposomes, as well as on their biochemical and biophysical characterization, with emphasis on studies of lipid-protein interactions. We conclude the chapter by highlighting current prospects of this technology for biotechnological applications, including the construction of nanosensors and of a multi-protein nanovesicular biomimetic to study the processes of initiation of skeletal mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ciancaglini
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo - USP, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
| | - A M S Simão
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo - USP, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - M Bolean
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo - USP, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - J L Millán
- Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford - Burnham Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - C F Rigos
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo - USP, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - J S Yoneda
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo - USP, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - M C Colhone
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto da (FFCLRP), Universidade de São Paulo - USP, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - R G Stabeli
- Centro de Estudos de Biomoléculas Aplicadas a Medicina, Núcleo de Saúde (NUSAU), Universidade Federal de Rondônia (UNIR), 76800-000, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz-Rondonia), Ministério da Saúde, 76812-245, Porto Velho, RO, Brazil
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