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Jungmann L, Hoffmann SL, Lang C, De Agazio R, Becker J, Kohlstedt M, Wittmann C. High-efficiency production of 5-hydroxyectoine using metabolically engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum. Microb Cell Fact 2022; 21:274. [PMID: 36578077 PMCID: PMC9798599 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-02003-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extremolytes enable microbes to withstand even the most extreme conditions in nature. Due to their unique protective properties, the small organic molecules, more and more, become high-value active ingredients for the cosmetics and the pharmaceutical industries. While ectoine, the industrial extremolyte flagship, has been successfully commercialized before, an economically viable route to its highly interesting derivative 5-hydroxyectoine (hydroxyectoine) is not existing. RESULTS Here, we demonstrate high-level hydroxyectoine production, using metabolically engineered strains of C. glutamicum that express a codon-optimized, heterologous ectD gene, encoding for ectoine hydroxylase, to convert supplemented ectoine in the presence of sucrose as growth substrate into the desired derivative. Fourteen out of sixteen codon-optimized ectD variants from phylogenetically diverse bacterial and archaeal donors enabled hydroxyectoine production, showing the strategy to work almost regardless of the origin of the gene. The genes from Pseudomonas stutzeri (PST) and Mycobacterium smegmatis (MSM) worked best and enabled hydroxyectoine production up to 97% yield. Metabolic analyses revealed high enrichment of the ectoines inside the cells, which, inter alia, reduced the synthesis of other compatible solutes, including proline and trehalose. After further optimization, C. glutamicum Ptuf ectDPST achieved a titre of 74 g L-1 hydroxyectoine at 70% selectivity within 12 h, using a simple batch process. In a two-step procedure, hydroxyectoine production from ectoine, previously synthesized fermentatively with C. glutamicum ectABCopt, was successfully achieved without intermediate purification. CONCLUSIONS C. glutamicum is a well-known and industrially proven host, allowing the synthesis of commercial products with granted GRAS status, a great benefit for a safe production of hydroxyectoine as active ingredient for cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications. Because ectoine is already available at commercial scale, its use as precursor appears straightforward. In the future, two-step processes might provide hydroxyectoine de novo from sugar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Jungmann
- grid.11749.3a0000 0001 2167 7588Institute of Systems Biotechnology, Saarland University, Campus A1.5, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Sarah Lisa Hoffmann
- grid.11749.3a0000 0001 2167 7588Institute of Systems Biotechnology, Saarland University, Campus A1.5, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Caroline Lang
- grid.11749.3a0000 0001 2167 7588Institute of Systems Biotechnology, Saarland University, Campus A1.5, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Raphaela De Agazio
- grid.11749.3a0000 0001 2167 7588Institute of Systems Biotechnology, Saarland University, Campus A1.5, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Judith Becker
- grid.11749.3a0000 0001 2167 7588Institute of Systems Biotechnology, Saarland University, Campus A1.5, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Michael Kohlstedt
- grid.11749.3a0000 0001 2167 7588Institute of Systems Biotechnology, Saarland University, Campus A1.5, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Christoph Wittmann
- grid.11749.3a0000 0001 2167 7588Institute of Systems Biotechnology, Saarland University, Campus A1.5, Saarbrücken, Germany
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Influence of Humectants on the Thermotropic Behaviour and Nanostructure of Fully Hydrated Lecithin Bilayers. Chem Phys Lipids 2021; 243:105165. [PMID: 34971600 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2021.105165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Humectants are used widely in topical formulations as they provide cosmetic and health benefits to skin. Of particular interest to our laboratories is the interaction of humectants in phospholipid based topical skin care formulations. This study probed the effects of three exemplary humectants on a fully hydrated lecithin system (DPPC) by use of X-ray scattering and differential scanning calorimetry. While the three humectants affected the nanostructure of 1, 2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, DPPC, bilayers in a similar manner; leading to an increased membrane order, differences in the effect on the thermal behaviour of DPPC suggest that betaine and sarcosine interacted via a different mechanism compared to acetic monoethanolamide, AMEA. At concentrations above 0.4M, betaine and sarcosine stabilised the gel phase by depletion of the interfacial water via the preferential exclusion mechanism. At the same time, a slight increase in the rigidity of the membrane was observed with an increase in the membrane thickness. Overall, the addition of betaine or sarcosine resulted in an increase in the pre- and main transition temperatures of DPPC. AMEA, on the other hand, decreases both transition temperatures and although the interlamellar water layer was also decreased, there was evidence from the altered lipid chain packing, that AMEA molecules are present also at the bilayer interface, at least at high concentrations. Above the melting point in the fluid lamellar phase, none of the humectants induced significant structural changes, neither concerning the bilayer stacking order nor its overall membrane fluidity.
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Keller F, Heuer A, Galla HJ, Smiatek J. Stabilization of DPPC lipid bilayers in the presence of co-solutes: molecular mechanisms and interaction patterns. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:22936-22946. [PMID: 34622252 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03052c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We study the interactions between dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) lipid bilayers in the gel and the fluid phase with ectoine, amino ectoine and water molecules by means of atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and conceptual density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Our results reveal a pronounced preferential exclusion of both co-solutes from the DPPC lipid bilayer which is stronger for the fluid phase. The corresponding outcomes can be brought into relation with the Kirkwood-Buff theory of solutions in order to provide a thermodynamic rationale for the experimentally observed stabilization of the gel phase. Closely related to preferential exclusion of both co-solutes, our simulations also highlight a preferential hydration behavior as manifested by an increased number of hydrogen bonds between water and DPPC molecules. All results are rationalized by conceptual DFT calculations with regard to differences in the electronic properties between ectoine and amino ectoine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Keller
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Andreas Heuer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Galla
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jens Smiatek
- Institute for Computational Physics, University of Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
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4
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Maiti A, Daschakraborty S. Effect of TMAO on the Structure and Phase Transition of Lipid Membranes: Potential Role of TMAO in Stabilizing Cell Membranes under Osmotic Stress. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:1167-1180. [PMID: 33481606 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c08335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Extremophiles adopt strategies to deal with different environmental stresses, some of which are severely damaging to their cell membrane. To combat high osmotic stress, deep-sea organisms synthesize osmolytes, small polar organic molecules, like trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), and incorporate them in the cell. TMAO is known to protect cells from high osmotic or hydrostatic pressure. Several experimental and simulation studies have revealed the roles of such osmolytes on stabilizing proteins. In contrast, the effect of osmolytes on the lipid membrane is poorly understood and broadly debated. A recent experiment has found strong evidence of the possible role of TMAO in stabilizing lipid membranes. Using the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation technique, we have demonstrated the effect of TMAO on two saturated fully hydrated lipid membranes in their fluid and gel phases. We have captured the impact of TMAO's concentration on the membrane's structural properties along with the fluid/gel phase transition temperatures. On increasing the concentration of TMAO, we see a substantial increase in the packing density of the membrane (estimated by area, thickness, and volume) and enhancement in the orientational order of lipid molecules. Having repulsive interaction with the lipid head group, the TMAO molecules are expelled away from the membrane surface, which induces dehydration of the lipid head groups, increasing the packing density. The addition of TMAO also increases the fluid/gel phase transition temperature of the membrane. All of these results are in close agreement with the experimental observations. This study, therefore, provides a molecular-level understanding of how TMAO can influence the cell membrane of deep-sea organisms and help in combating the osmotic stress condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archita Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, Bihar 801106, India
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5
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Bethlehem L, van Echten-Deckert G. Ectoines as novel anti-inflammatory and tissue protective lead compounds with special focus on inflammatory bowel disease and lung inflammation. Pharmacol Res 2020; 164:105389. [PMID: 33352226 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The compatible solute ectoine is one of the most abundant and powerful cytoprotectant in the microbial world. Due to its unique ability to stabilize biological membranes and macromolecules it has been successfully commercialized as ingredient of various over-the-counter drugs, achieving primarily epithelial protection. While trying to elucidate the mechanism of its cell protective properties in in-vitro studies, a significant anti-inflammatory effect was documented for the small molecule. The tissue protective potential of ectoine considerably improved organ quality during preservation. In addition, ectoine and derivatives have been demonstrated to significantly decrease inflammatory cytokine production, thereby alleviating the inflammatory response following organ transplantation, and launching new therapeutic options for pathologies such as Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). In this review, we aim to summarize the knowledge of this fairly nascent field of the anti-inflammatory potential of diverse ectoines. We also point out that this promising field faces challenges in its biochemical and molecular substantiations, including defining the molecular mechanisms of the observed effects and their regulation. However, based on their potent cytoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and non-toxic properties we believe that ectoines represent promising candidates for risk free interventions in inflammatory pathologies with steeply increasing demands for new therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Bethlehem
- Institute for Microbiology & Biotechnology, University Bonn, Germany.
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6
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Solomun T, Hahn MB, Smiatek J. Raman Spectroscopic Signature of Ectoine Conformations in Bulk Solution and Crystalline State. Chemphyschem 2020; 21:1945-1950. [PMID: 32628316 PMCID: PMC7540454 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Recent crystallographic results revealed conformational changes of zwitterionic ectoine upon hydration. By means of confocal Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations, we present a detailed study of this transformation process as part of a Fermi resonance analysis. The corresponding findings highlight that all resonant couplings are lifted upon exposure to water vapor as a consequence of molecular binding processes. The importance of the involved molecular groups for water binding and conformational changes upon hydration is discussed. Our approach further shows that the underlying rapid process can be reversed by carbon dioxide saturated atmospheres. For the first time, we also confirm that the conformational state of ectoine in aqueous bulk solution coincides with crystalline ectoine in its dihydrate state, thereby highlighting the important role of a few bound water molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tihomir Solomun
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)12205BerlinGermany
| | - Marc Benjamin Hahn
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM)12205BerlinGermany
- Freie Universität BerlinInstitut für Experimentalphysik14195BerlinGermany
| | - Jens Smiatek
- Institut für ComputerphysikUniversität Stuttgart70569StuttgartGermany
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7
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Michalowsky J, Schäfer LV, Holm C, Smiatek J. A refined polarizable water model for the coarse-grained MARTINI force field with long-range electrostatic interactions. J Chem Phys 2018; 146:054501. [PMID: 28178817 DOI: 10.1063/1.4974833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a refined version of the polarizable Martini water model - coined refPOL - designed specifically for the use with long-range electrostatics. The refPOL model improves the agreement with the experimentally measured dielectric constant and the mass density of water at room temperature compared to the original polarizable Martini water force field when particle mesh Ewald electrostatics are employed. Our study reveals that the model remains applicable with various commonly used settings for the non-bonded interactions, including reaction field electrostatics. The oil/water partitioning behavior of uncharged Martini bead types is thoroughly investigated: Lennard-Jones interactions between the refPOL model and the remaining Martini beads are adjusted to reproduce the hydration free energies obtained with the original polarizable water model, while free energies of solvation in apolar media remain unchanged. The cross-interactions with charged bead types are parameterized to agree with the experimentally observed area per lipid of a fully solvated dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine bilayer. We additionally verify the model by analyzing the potentials of mean force between different sample pairs in refPOL water and comparing the results to reference data obtained using the original polarizable Martini water model as well as fully atomistic simulations. Based on the results, we suggest to replace the original polarizable Martini water model with the new refPOL model for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Michalowsky
- Institute for Computational Physics, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Lars V Schäfer
- Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University, Universitätsstrasse 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Christian Holm
- Institute for Computational Physics, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jens Smiatek
- Institute for Computational Physics, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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8
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Czech L, Hermann L, Stöveken N, Richter AA, Höppner A, Smits SHJ, Heider J, Bremer E. Role of the Extremolytes Ectoine and Hydroxyectoine as Stress Protectants and Nutrients: Genetics, Phylogenomics, Biochemistry, and Structural Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9040177. [PMID: 29565833 PMCID: PMC5924519 DOI: 10.3390/genes9040177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluctuations in environmental osmolarity are ubiquitous stress factors in many natural habitats of microorganisms, as they inevitably trigger osmotically instigated fluxes of water across the semi-permeable cytoplasmic membrane. Under hyperosmotic conditions, many microorganisms fend off the detrimental effects of water efflux and the ensuing dehydration of the cytoplasm and drop in turgor through the accumulation of a restricted class of organic osmolytes, the compatible solutes. Ectoine and its derivative 5-hydroxyectoine are prominent members of these compounds and are synthesized widely by members of the Bacteria and a few Archaea and Eukarya in response to high salinity/osmolarity and/or growth temperature extremes. Ectoines have excellent function-preserving properties, attributes that have led to their description as chemical chaperones and fostered the development of an industrial-scale biotechnological production process for their exploitation in biotechnology, skin care, and medicine. We review, here, the current knowledge on the biochemistry of the ectoine/hydroxyectoine biosynthetic enzymes and the available crystal structures of some of them, explore the genetics of the underlying biosynthetic genes and their transcriptional regulation, and present an extensive phylogenomic analysis of the ectoine/hydroxyectoine biosynthetic genes. In addition, we address the biochemistry, phylogenomics, and genetic regulation for the alternative use of ectoines as nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Czech
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Department of Biology, Philipps-University Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch Str. 8, D-35043 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Lucas Hermann
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Department of Biology, Philipps-University Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch Str. 8, D-35043 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Nadine Stöveken
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Department of Biology, Philipps-University Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch Str. 8, D-35043 Marburg, Germany.
- LOEWE-Center for Synthetic Microbiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein Str. 6, D-35043 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Alexandra A Richter
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Department of Biology, Philipps-University Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch Str. 8, D-35043 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Astrid Höppner
- Center for Structural Studies, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitäts Str. 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Sander H J Smits
- Center for Structural Studies, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitäts Str. 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitäts Str. 1, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Johann Heider
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Department of Biology, Philipps-University Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch Str. 8, D-35043 Marburg, Germany.
- LOEWE-Center for Synthetic Microbiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein Str. 6, D-35043 Marburg, Germany.
| | - Erhard Bremer
- Laboratory for Microbiology, Department of Biology, Philipps-University Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch Str. 8, D-35043 Marburg, Germany.
- LOEWE-Center for Synthetic Microbiology, Philipps-University Marburg, Hans-Meerwein Str. 6, D-35043 Marburg, Germany.
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9
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Hahn MB, Uhlig F, Solomun T, Smiatek J, Sturm H. Combined influence of ectoine and salt: spectroscopic and numerical evidence for compensating effects on aqueous solutions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 18:28398-28402. [PMID: 27722327 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp05417j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ectoine is an important osmolyte, which allows microorganisms to survive in extreme environmental salinity. The hygroscopic effects of ectoine in pure water can be explained by a strong water binding behavior whereas a study on the effects of ectoine in salty solution is yet missing. We provide Raman spectroscopic evidence that the influence of ectoine and NaCl are opposing and completely independent of each other. The effect can be explained by the formation of strongly hydrogen-bonded water molecules around ectoine which compensate the influence of the salt on the water dynamics. The mechanism is corroborated by first principles calculations and broadens our understanding of zwitterionic osmolytes in aqueous solution. Our findings allow us to provide a possible explanation for the relatively high osmolyte concentrations in halotolerant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Benjamin Hahn
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, D-12205 Berlin, Germany. and Free University Berlin, Department of Physics, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Uhlig
- Institute for Computational Physics, University of Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Tihomir Solomun
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, D-12205 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Jens Smiatek
- Institute for Computational Physics, University of Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Heinz Sturm
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, D-12205 Berlin, Germany. and Technical University Berlin, D-10587 Berlin, Germany
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10
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Oprzeska-Zingrebe EA, Meyer S, Roloff A, Kunte HJ, Smiatek J. Influence of compatible solute ectoine on distinct DNA structures: thermodynamic insights into molecular binding mechanisms and destabilization effects. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:25861-25874. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp03543a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We study ectoine-induced destabilization effects on DNA hairpins by a combination of atomistic molecular dynamics simulations, experiments, and theoretical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susann Meyer
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM)
- D-12205 Berlin
- Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology
- University of Potsdam
| | - Alexander Roloff
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM)
- D-12489 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Kunte
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM)
- D-12205 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Jens Smiatek
- Institute for Computational Physics
- University of Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
- Helmholtz Institute Münster: Ionics in Energy Storage (HI MS IEK-12)
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11
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Sahle CJ, Schroer MA, Jeffries CM, Niskanen J. Hydration in aqueous solutions of ectoine and hydroxyectoine. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:27917-27923. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05308a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We explore the influence of the two osmolytes ectoine and hydroxyectoine on the structure of pure water and aqueous NaCl solutions using non-resonant X-ray Raman scattering spectroscopy at the oxygen K-edge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph J. Sahle
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs
- 38000 Grenoble
- France
| | - Martin A. Schroer
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL)
- Hamburg Outstation c/o DESY
- 22607 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Cy M. Jeffries
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL)
- Hamburg Outstation c/o DESY
- 22607 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Johannes Niskanen
- University of Turku
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- FI-20014 Turun yliopisto
- Finland
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12
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Kratochvílová I, Golan M, Pomeisl K, Richter J, Sedláková S, Šebera J, Mičová J, Falk M, Falková I, Řeha D, Elliott KW, Varga K, Follett SE, Šimek D. Theoretical and experimental study of the antifreeze protein AFP752, trehalose and dimethyl sulfoxide cryoprotection mechanism: correlation with cryopreserved cell viability. RSC Adv 2016; 7:352-360. [PMID: 28936355 PMCID: PMC5602551 DOI: 10.1039/c6ra25095e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work the physico-chemical properties of selected cryoprotectants (antifreeze protein TrxA-AFP752, trehalose and dimethyl sulfoxide) were correlated with their impact on the constitution of ice and influence on frozen/thawed cell viability. The freezing processes and states of investigated materials solutions were described and explained from a fundamental point of view using ab-initio modelling (molecular dynamics, DFT), Raman spectroscopy, Differential Scanning Calorimetry and X-Ray Diffraction. For the first time, in this work we correlated the microscopic view (modelling) with the description of the frozen solution states and put these results in the context of human skin fibroblast viability after freezing and thawing. DMSO and AFP had different impacts on their solution's freezing process but in both cases the ice crystallinity size was considerably reduced. DMSO and AFP treatment in different ways improved the viability of frozen/thawed cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Kratochvílová
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Na Slovance 2, CZ-182 21, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Golan
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Na Slovance 2, CZ-182 21, Prague 8, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University in Prague, Ke Karlovu 5, CZ-121 16 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Pomeisl
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Na Slovance 2, CZ-182 21, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Richter
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Na Slovance 2, CZ-182 21, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Silvia Sedláková
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Na Slovance 2, CZ-182 21, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Šebera
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Na Slovance 2, CZ-182 21, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Júlia Mičová
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Na Slovance 2, CZ-182 21, Prague 8, Czech Republic
- Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska cesta 9,845 38 Bratislava 4, Slovak Republic
| | - Martin Falk
- Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Kralovopolska 135, CZ-612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Iva Falková
- Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Kralovopolska 135, CZ-612 65 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - David Řeha
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Zámek 136, CZ-373 33 Nové Hrady, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Sciences, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zamek 136, 373 33 Nove Hrady, Czech Republic
| | - K Wade Elliott
- Deparment of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, 46 College Road, Durham, NH, 03824, USA
| | - Krisztina Varga
- Deparment of Molecular, Cellular, and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, 46 College Road, Durham, NH, 03824, USA
| | - Shelby E Follett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Ave, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Daniel Šimek
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Na Slovance 2, CZ-182 21, Prague 8, Czech Republic
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13
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Micciulla S, Michalowsky J, Schroer MA, Holm C, von Klitzing R, Smiatek J. Concentration dependent effects of urea binding to poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) brushes: a combined experimental and numerical study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:5324-35. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp07544k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The concentration-dependent binding of urea to PNIPAM influences the chain conformation as a result of the subtle interplay between hydration properties and urea repartition around the polymer surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Micciulla
- Stranski-Laboratorium
- Institut für Chemie
- Technische Universität Berlin
- D-10623 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Julian Michalowsky
- Institut für Computerphysik
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Martin A. Schroer
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
- D-22607 Hamburg
- Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging (CUI)
- D-22761 Hamburg
| | - Christian Holm
- Institut für Computerphysik
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Regine von Klitzing
- Stranski-Laboratorium
- Institut für Chemie
- Technische Universität Berlin
- D-10623 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Jens Smiatek
- Institut für Computerphysik
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
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14
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Schroer MA, Michalowsky J, Fischer B, Smiatek J, Grübel G. Stabilizing effect of TMAO on globular PNIPAM states: preferential attraction induces preferential hydration. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:31459-31470. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp05991k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
We study the effect of the organic co-solute trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) on the volume phase transition of microgel particles made from poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin A. Schroer
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
- 22607 Hamburg
- Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging (CUI)
- 22761 Hamburg
| | | | - Birgit Fischer
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie
- Universität Hamburg
- 20146 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Jens Smiatek
- Institut für Computerphysik
- Universität Stuttgart
- 70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Gerhard Grübel
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY
- 22607 Hamburg
- Germany
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging (CUI)
- 22761 Hamburg
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15
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Hahn MB, Solomun T, Wellhausen R, Hermann S, Seitz H, Meyer S, Kunte HJ, Zeman J, Uhlig F, Smiatek J, Sturm H. Influence of the Compatible Solute Ectoine on the Local Water Structure: Implications for the Binding of the Protein G5P to DNA. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:15212-20. [PMID: 26555929 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b09506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms accumulate molar concentrations of compatible solutes like ectoine to prevent proteins from denaturation. Direct structural or spectroscopic information on the mechanism and about the hydration shell around ectoine are scarce. We combined surface plasmon resonance (SPR), confocal Raman spectroscopy, molecular dynamics simulations, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations to study the local hydration shell around ectoine and its influence on the binding of a gene-5-protein (G5P) to a single-stranded DNA (dT25). Due to the very high hygroscopicity of ectoine, it was possible to analyze the highly stable hydration shell by confocal Raman spectroscopy. Corresponding molecular dynamics simulation results revealed a significant change of the water dielectric constant in the presence of a high molar ectoine concentration as compared to pure water. The SPR data showed that the amount of protein bound to DNA decreases in the presence of ectoine, and hence, the protein-DNA dissociation constant increases in a concentration-dependent manner. Concomitantly, the Raman spectra in terms of the amide I region revealed large changes in the protein secondary structure. Our results indicate that ectoine strongly affects the molecular recognition between the protein and the oligonucleotide, which has important consequences for osmotic regulation mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Benjamin Hahn
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing , D-12205 Berlin, Germany.,Department of Physics, Free University Berlin , D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tihomir Solomun
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing , D-12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert Wellhausen
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Branch Bioanalytic and Bioprocesses , D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Sabrina Hermann
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Branch Bioanalytic and Bioprocesses , D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Harald Seitz
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Branch Bioanalytic and Bioprocesses , D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Susann Meyer
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing , D-12205 Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam , D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Kunte
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing , D-12205 Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Zeman
- Institute for Computational Physics, University of Stuttgart , D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Frank Uhlig
- Institute for Computational Physics, University of Stuttgart , D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jens Smiatek
- Institute for Computational Physics, University of Stuttgart , D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Heinz Sturm
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing , D-12205 Berlin, Germany.,Technical University Berlin , D-10587 Berlin, Germany
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16
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Lesch V, Heuer A, Tatsis VA, Holm C, Smiatek J. Peptides in the presence of aqueous ionic liquids: tunable co-solutes as denaturants or protectants? Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:26049-53. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp03838c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We studied the stability of a small β-hairpin peptide under the influence of an aqueous 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate solution via all-atom molecular dynamics simulations. A significant structure dependent binding of ACE to the peptide was identified as the main reason for the denaturation of the native conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Lesch
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- D-48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Andreas Heuer
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- D-48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Vasileios A. Tatsis
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
- D-48149 Münster
- Germany
| | - Christian Holm
- Institut für Computerphysik
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
| | - Jens Smiatek
- Institut für Computerphysik
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
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17
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Narayanan Krishnamoorthy A, Holm C, Smiatek J. Local Water Dynamics around Antifreeze Protein Residues in the Presence of Osmolytes: The Importance of Hydroxyl and Disaccharide Groups. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:11613-21. [DOI: 10.1021/jp507062r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christian Holm
- Institut für Computerphysik, Universität Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jens Smiatek
- Institut für Computerphysik, Universität Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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18
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Noninterventional open-label trial investigating the efficacy and safety of ectoine containing nasal spray in comparison with beclomethasone nasal spray in patients with allergic rhinitis. J Allergy (Cairo) 2014; 2014:297203. [PMID: 24976831 PMCID: PMC4058123 DOI: 10.1155/2014/297203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives. The current study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of a classical anti-inflammatory beclomethasone nasal spray in comparison to a physic-chemical stabilizing ectoine containing nasal spray in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Design and Methods. This was a noninterventional, open-label, observational trial investigating the effects of beclomethasone or ectoine nasal spray on nasal symptoms and quality of life. Over a period of 14 days, patients were asked to daily document their symptoms. Efficacy and tolerability were assessed by both physicians and patients. Results. Both treatments resulted in a significant decrease of TNSS values. An equivalence test could not confirm the noninferiority of ectoine treatment in comparison with beclomethasone treatment. Although clear symptom reduction was achieved with the ectoine products, the efficacy judgment showed possible advantages for the beclomethasone group. Importantly, tolerability results were comparably good in both groups, and a very low number of adverse events supported this observation. Both treatments resulted in a clear improvement in the quality of life as assessed by a questionnaire answered at the beginning and at the end of the trial. Conclusion. Taken together, it was shown that allergic rhinitis can be safely and successfully treated with beclomethasone and also efficacy and safety were shown for ectoine nasal spray.
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19
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Smiatek J. Osmolyte Effects: Impact on the Aqueous Solution around Charged and Neutral Spheres. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:771-82. [DOI: 10.1021/jp410261k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Smiatek
- Institut für
Computerphysik, Universität Stuttgart, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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20
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Busch S, Pardo LC, O'Dell WB, Bruce CD, Lorenz CD, McLain SE. On the structure of water and chloride ion interactions with a peptide backbone in solution. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:21023-33. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp53831a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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