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Hassan HM, Cai Q, Liang X, Xin J, Ren K, Jiang J, Shi D, Lu Y, Li T, Shang Y, He L, Chen X, Sun S, Li P, Guo B, Chen J, Yang H, Hu W, Chen X, Li J. Transcriptomics reveals immune-metabolism disorder in acute-on-chronic liver failure in rats. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 5:5/3/e202101189. [PMID: 34853163 PMCID: PMC8645333 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver tissue transcriptomics of liver cirrhosis (LC)–based acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) rats reveal immune-metabolism disorder as the core mechanism underlying ACLF development and prognosis. Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is clinical syndrome with high mortality rate. This study aimed to perform detailed transcriptomic analysis in liver cirrhosis–based ACLF rats to elucidate ACLF pathogenesis. ACLF was induced by combined porcine serum with D-galactosamine and lipopolysaccharide. Gene expression profile of liver tissues from ACLF rats was generated by transcriptome sequencing to reveal the molecular mechanism. ACLF rats successfully developed with typical characteristics. Total of 2,354/3,576 differentially expressed genes were identified when ACLF was compared to liver cirrhosis and normal control, separately. The functional synergy analysis revealed prominent immune dysregulation at ACLF stage, whereas metabolic disruption was significantly down-regulated. Relative proportions of innate immune–related cells showed significant elevation of monocytes and macrophages, whereas adaptive immune–related cells were reduced. The seven differentially expressed genes underlying the ACLF molecular mechanisms were externally validated, among them THBS1, IL-10, and NR4A3 expressions were confirmed in rats, patient transcriptomics, and liver biopsies, verifying their potential value in the ACLF pathogenesis. This study indicates immune-metabolism disorder in ACLF rats, which may provide clinicians new targets for improving intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hozeifa M Hassan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qun Cai
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xi Liang
- Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Jiaojiao Xin
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Keke Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Dongyan Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Yingyan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy Combining Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuxin Shang
- Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK
| | - Lulu He
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Shanghai Pinghe School, Shanghai, China
| | - Suwan Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Beibei Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxian Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and The First Affiliated Hospital Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Joint Institute for Genetics and Genome Medicine Between Zhejiang University and University of Toronto, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China .,Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
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Kovalevа VA, Zhevnerova NS, Antonova TV. [Disorders of carbohydrate-lipid metabolism and galectin-3 level as factors of liver fibrosis progression in chronic hepatitis C]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2021; 93:164-168. [PMID: 36286630 DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2021.02.200623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess the effect of metabolic disorders and galectin-3 levels on the progression of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C. MATERIALS AND METHODS 106 patients with HCV without decompensated liver cirrhosis were examined. EXCLUSION CRITERIA age younger than 20 and older than 65 years, diabetes, coronary heart disease, hypertension, alcoholism, drug addiction. Laboratory examination (biochemical blood test, enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) with determination of HCV-Ab antibodies, viral load) was supplemented with liver elastometry (Fibroscan) with fibrosis assessment (kPa, METAVIR scale). The body mass index of Quetelet (kg/m2), the presence of abdominal obesity, insulin resistance were evaluated. Serum levels of insulin and galectin-3 were determined by ELISA. RESULTS In 45% of patients, an increase in ITM was revealed, in 44% abdominal obesity, in 62% insulin resistance. In 75% abdominal obesity was determined in patients with liver fibrosis F3F4. Insulin resistance was found more often in patients with fibrosis F01 56.7%. Significant correlations between the level of galectin-3 and the degree of liver fibrosis (in kPa) [r=0,206, p=0,034], as well as the stage of liver fibrosis (on the METAVIR scale) [r=0,247, p=0,01] were obtained. The level of galectin-3 in liver cirrhosis was 6.32 (4.57; 9.64) ng/ml, which is significantly higher than in F0 3.96 (1.45; 5.30) ng/ml (p=0.002) and F1 3.85 (2.20; 5.83) ng/ml (p=0.002). By calculating the specificity and sensitivity of isolated for F4 stage of liver fibrosis (ROC-curve, the level of galectin-3 is 5.21 ng/ml), the level of specificity of 74.7%, sensitivity of 74% was established. CONCLUSION We found a significant relationship between the disturbances of carbohydrate-lipid metabolism and liver fibrosis, the level of galectin-3 and fibrosis stage of the liver. The prognostic value of increasing the level of galectin-3 for predicting the cirrhotic stage of liver fibrosis is substantiated.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Kovalevа
- Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University
| | | | - T V Antonova
- Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University
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KAAN D, TOPRAK G, YAY A, BAŞKOL G, ERTEKİN T, ÜLGER H. Karaciğer Fibrozis Modellerinde Sık Kullanılan Kimyasal Ajanların Farklı Doz ve Zaman Dilimindeki Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi. ACTA MEDICA ALANYA 2020. [DOI: 10.30565/medalanya.775667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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PDGFA gene rs9690350 polymorphism increases biliary atresia risk in Chinese children. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:225782. [PMID: 32662506 PMCID: PMC7374268 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Biliary atresia (BA) is a genetic and severe fibro-inflammatory obliterative cholangiopathy of neonates. Platelet-derived growth factor subunit A (PDGFA), as one of participants in liver fibrosis, the overexpression of PDGFA through DNA hypomethylation may lead to the development of BA, but the pathogenesis is still unclear. We conducted a large case-control cohort to investigate the association of genetic variants in PDGFA with BA susceptibility in the Southern Chinese population (506 cases and 1473 controls). We observed that the G allele of rs9690350(G>C) in PDGFA was significantly associated with an increased risk of BA (OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.04-1.49, P=0.02). Additionally, the rs9690350 G allele increased the risk of non-cystic biliary atresia (OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.04-1.52, P=0.02) and was a genetic biomarker of severe manifestations after surgery. These findings indicate that the rs9690350 G allele is a PDGFA polymorphism associated with the risk of BA that may confer increased disease susceptibility.
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Effects of Deoxynivalenol and Zearalenone on the Histology and Ultrastructure of Pig Liver. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12070463. [PMID: 32698427 PMCID: PMC7404993 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12070463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of single and combined administrations of deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) on the histology and ultrastructure of pig liver. The study was performed on immature gilts, which were divided into four equal groups. Animals in the experimental groups received DON at a dose of 12 μg/kg body weight (BW) per day, ZEN at 40 μg/kg BW per day, or a mixture of DON (12 μg/kg BW per day) and ZEN (40 μg/kg BW). The control group received vehicle. The animals were killed after 1, 3, and 6 weeks of experiment. Treatment with mycotoxins resulted in several changes in liver histology and ultrastructure, including: (1) an increase in the thickness of the perilobular connective tissue and its penetration to the lobules in gilts receiving DON and DON + ZEN; (2) an increase in the total microscopic liver score (histology activity index (HAI)) in pigs receiving DON and DON + ZEN; (3) dilatation of hepatic sinusoids in pigs receiving ZEN, DON and DON + ZEN; (4) temporary changes in glycogen content in all experimental groups; (5) an increase in iron accumulation in the hepatocytes of gilts treated with ZEN and DON + ZEN; (6) changes in endoplasmic reticulum organization in the hepatocytes of pigs receiving toxins; (7) changes in morphology of Browicz-Kupffer cells after treatment with ZEN, DON, and DON + ZEN. The results show that low doses of mycotoxins used in the present study, even when applied for a short period, affected liver morphology.
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Li H, Wang X, Liu Y, Pan D, Wang Y, Yang N, Xiang L, Cai X, Feng Y. Hepatoprotection and hepatotoxicity of Heshouwu , a Chinese medicinal herb: Context of the paradoxical effect. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 108:407-418. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Saberi B, Dadabhai AS, Jang YY, Gurakar A, Mezey E. Current Management of Alcoholic Hepatitis and Future Therapies. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2016; 4:113-22. [PMID: 27350941 PMCID: PMC4913072 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2016.00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol is one of the most common etiologies of liver disease, and alcoholic liver disease overall is the second most common indication for liver transplantation in the United States. It encompasses a spectrum of disease, including fatty liver disease, alcoholic hepatitis (AH), and alcoholic cirrhosis. AH can range from mild to severe disease, with severe disease being defined as: Discriminant Function (DF) ≥ 32, or Model for End-stage Liver Disease (MELD) ≥ 21, or presence of hepatic encephalopathy. Management of the mild disease consists mainly of abstinence and supportive care. Severe AH is associated with significant mortality. Currently, there is no ideal medical treatment for this condition. Besides alcohol cessation, corticosteroids have been used with conflicting results and are associated with an inherent risk of infection. Overall steroids have shown short term benefit when compared to placebo, but they have no obvious long term benefits. Pentoxifylline does not improve survival in patients with severe AH and is no longer recommended based on the results of the STOPAH (Steroid Or Pentoxifylline for Alcoholic Hepatitis) trial. Anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) agents are associated with increased risk of life threatening infections and death. Currently, early stage trials are underway, mainly targeting novel pathways based on disease pathogenesis, including modulation of innate immune system, inhibition of gut-liver axis and cell death pathways, and activation of transcription factor farnesyl X receptor (FXR). Future treatment may lie in human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology, which is currently under investigation for the study of pathogenesis, drug discovery, and stem cell transplantation. Liver transplantation has been reported with good results in highly selected patients but is controversial due to limited organ supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Saberi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- *Correspondence to: Behnam Saberi, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. Tel: +1-410-614-2543, Fax: +1-410-614-7340, E-mail:
| | - Alia S. Dadabhai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yoon-Young Jang
- Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ahmet Gurakar
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Esteban Mezey
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Tian L, Prasad N, Jang YY. In Vitro Modeling of Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury Using Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1353:271-83. [PMID: 25520290 PMCID: PMC5881111 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2014_168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption has long been associated with a majority of liver diseases and has been found to influence both fetal and adult liver functions. In spite of being one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the world, currently, there are no effective strategies that can prevent or treat alcoholic liver disease (ALD), due to a lack of human-relevant research models. Recent success in generation of functionally active mature hepatocyte-like cells from human-induced pluripotent cells (iPSCs) enables us to better understand the effects of alcohol on liver functions. Here, we describe the method and effect of alcohol exposure on multistage hepatic cell types derived from human iPSCs, in an attempt to recapitulate the early stages of liver tissue injury associated with ALD. We exposed different stages of iPSC-induced hepatic cells to ethanol at a pathophysiological concentration. In addition to stage-specific molecular markers, we measured several key cellular parameters of hepatocyte injury, including apoptosis, proliferation, and lipid accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng Tian
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Neha Prasad
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Yoon-Young Jang
- Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
- Cellular and Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1550 Orleans Street, CRB2 Rm552, Baltimore, MD, 21231, USA.
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Wang L, He FL, Liu FQ, Yue ZD, Zhao HW. Establishment of a hepatic cirrhosis and portal hypertension model by hepatic arterial perfusion with 80% alcohol. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:9544-9553. [PMID: 26327762 PMCID: PMC4548115 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i32.9544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Revised: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To determine the feasibility and safety of establishing a porcine hepatic cirrhosis and portal hypertension model by hepatic arterial perfusion with 80% alcohol.
METHODS: Twenty-one healthy Guizhou miniature pigs were randomly divided into three experimental groups and three control groups. The pigs in the three experimental groups were subjected to hepatic arterial perfusion with 7, 12 and 17 mL of 80% alcohol, respectively, while those in the three control groups underwent hepatic arterial perfusion with 7, 12 and 17 mL of saline, respectively. Hepatic arteriography and direct portal phlebography were performed on all animals before and after perfusion, and the portal venous pressure and diameter were measured before perfusion, immediately after perfusion, and at 2, 4 and 6 wk after perfusion. The following procedures were performed at different time points: routine blood sampling, blood biochemistry, blood coagulation and blood ammonia tests before surgery, and at 2, 4 and 6 wk after surgery; hepatic biopsy before surgery, within 6 h after surgery, and at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 wk after surgery; abdominal enhanced computed tomography examination before surgery and at 6 wk after surgery; autopsy and multi-point sampling of various liver lobes for histological examination at 6 wk after surgery.
RESULTS: In experimental group 1, different degrees of hepatic fibrosis were observed, and one pig developed hepatic cirrhosis. In experimental group 2, there were cases of hepatic cirrhosis, different degrees of increased portal venous pressure, and intrahepatic portal venous bypass, but neither extrahepatic portal-systemic bypass circulation nor death occurred. In experimental group 3, two animals died and three animals developed hepatic cirrhosis, and different degrees of increased portal venous pressure and intrahepatic portal venous bypass were also observed, but there was no extrahepatic portal-systemic bypass circulation.
CONCLUSION: It is feasible to establish an animal model of hepatic cirrhosis and portal hypertension by hepatic arterial perfusion with 80% alcohol, however, the safety of this model depends on a suitable perfusion dose.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Biomarkers/blood
- Biopsy
- Blood Coagulation
- Ethanol
- Feasibility Studies
- Female
- Hepatic Artery/diagnostic imaging
- Hypertension, Portal/blood
- Hypertension, Portal/chemically induced
- Hypertension, Portal/diagnostic imaging
- Hypertension, Portal/physiopathology
- Liver Circulation
- Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic/blood
- Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic/diagnostic imaging
- Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic/etiology
- Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic/physiopathology
- Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/blood
- Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/chemically induced
- Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/diagnostic imaging
- Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental/physiopathology
- Male
- Perfusion/methods
- Phlebography
- Portal Pressure
- Portal Vein/diagnostic imaging
- Portal Vein/physiopathology
- Swine
- Swine, Miniature
- Time Factors
- Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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Ji YR, Kim HJ, Bae KB, Lee S, Kim MO, Ryoo ZY. Hepatic serum amyloid A1 aggravates T cell-mediated hepatitis by inducing chemokines via Toll-like receptor 2 in mice. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:12804-11. [PMID: 25847238 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.635763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Serum amyloid A is a proinflammatory molecule that induces leukocyte infiltration and promotes neutrophil adhesion to endothelial cells under inflammatory conditions. The aim of this study was to examine whether Saa1 aggravates T cell-mediated hepatitis by inducing chemokines in a liver-specific, Saa1-overexpressing, transgenic (TG) mouse model. We generated TG mice in which Saa1 was overexpressed specifically in liver tissue. The chemokines monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP1), MIP1α, MIP1β, interferon γ-induced protein 10 (IP-10), and eotaxin were induced in Saa1 TG mice. After concanavalin A treatment, Saa1 expression was higher in Saa1 TG mice than in WT mice. More severe liver injury, increased hepatocyte apoptosis, and higher levels of hepatic enzymes were observed in Saa1 TG mice than in WT mice. Liver infiltration of CD4(+) T cells and macrophages increased after inducing hepatitis. Activation of T cells was higher in Saa1 TG mice than in WT mice, and the populations of Th17 cells and regulatory T cells were altered by overexpressing Saa1 in TG mice. Secretion of various cytokines, such as interferon γ, tumor necrosis factor α, and interleukin 6, increased in Saa1 TG mice. Injecting a Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) antagonist in vivo inhibited chemokine expression and IκBα phosphorylation and showed that the induction of chemokines by Saa1 was dependent on TLR2. Hepatic Saa1 accelerated T cell-mediated hepatitis by inducing chemokine production and activating T cells by TLR2. Therefore, Saa1 might be a novel inflammatory factor that acts as a chemokine modulator in hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Rae Ji
- From the School of Life Science, KNU Creative BioResearch Group (BK21 Plus Project), Kyungpook National University, Buk-gu, Daegu 702-701, Korea and
| | - Hei Jung Kim
- From the School of Life Science, KNU Creative BioResearch Group (BK21 Plus Project), Kyungpook National University, Buk-gu, Daegu 702-701, Korea and
| | - Ki Beom Bae
- From the School of Life Science, KNU Creative BioResearch Group (BK21 Plus Project), Kyungpook National University, Buk-gu, Daegu 702-701, Korea and
| | - Sanggyu Lee
- From the School of Life Science, KNU Creative BioResearch Group (BK21 Plus Project), Kyungpook National University, Buk-gu, Daegu 702-701, Korea and
| | - Myoung Ok Kim
- the Department of Animal Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 742-711, Korea
| | - Zae Young Ryoo
- From the School of Life Science, KNU Creative BioResearch Group (BK21 Plus Project), Kyungpook National University, Buk-gu, Daegu 702-701, Korea and
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Prediction of hepatic fibrosis in patients coinfected with HIV and hepatitis C virus based on genetic markers. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2014; 64:434-42. [PMID: 23797694 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0b013e3182a06eb6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the ability of the cirrhosis risk score (CRS) to predict liver fibrosis progression in HIV/hepatitis C virus (HCV)-coinfected patients. DESIGN Retrospective follow-up study. METHODS Based on a minimum follow-up time of 10 years with HCV infection, 190 HIV/HCV-coinfected patients were classified according to their METAVIR score: (1) 25 nonprogressor patients who did not develop fibrosis (F0) and (2) 165 progressor patients who developed fibrosis (F ≥ 1). Seven polymorphisms of CRS signature and IL28B genotype were performed using the GoldenGate assay. The CRS signature was calculated by naive Bayes formula as previously described. RESULTS Nonprogressors had CRS values significantly lower than progressors (0.61 versus 0.67; P = 0.043). Among the progressors, we observed similar CRS values through all the fibrosis stages (F1/F2/F3/F4). The percentage of patients with CRS > 0.70 (high risk of developing fibrosis) was higher in progressors than in nonprogressors; but the percentages with values between 0.50 and 0.70 (intermediate risk) and <0.50 (low risk) were quite similar for each of the fibrosis stages (P = 0.047). The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve of CRS for discriminating nonprogressor versus progressor was 0.625 (P = 0.043). When clinical variables were considered (age at HCV infection, intravenous drug use, gender, IL28B, and HCV genotype), the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve of CRS improved up to 0.739 (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS CRS itself seems not to be a good marker for identifying HIV/HCV-coinfected patients who are at high risk of developing liver fibrosis. However, CRS score coupled with clinical factors might help to distinguish between nonprogressors and progressors patients.
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Walkin L, Herrick SE, Summers A, Brenchley PE, Hoff CM, Korstanje R, Margetts PJ. The role of mouse strain differences in the susceptibility to fibrosis: a systematic review. FIBROGENESIS & TISSUE REPAIR 2013; 6:18. [PMID: 24294831 PMCID: PMC3849643 DOI: 10.1186/1755-1536-6-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In humans, a number of genetic factors have been linked to the development of fibrosis in a variety of different organs. Seeking a wider understanding of this observation in man is ethically important. There is mounting evidence suggesting that inbred mouse strains with different genetic backgrounds demonstrate variable susceptibility to a fibrotic injury. We performed a systematic review of the literature describing strain and organ specific response to injury in order to determine whether genetic susceptibility plays a role in fibrogenesis. Data were collected from studies that were deemed eligible for analysis based on set inclusion criteria, and findings were assessed in relation to strain of mouse, type of injury and organ of investigation. A total of 44 studies were included covering 21 mouse strains and focusing on fibrosis in the lung, liver, kidney, intestine and heart. There is evidence that mouse strain differences influence susceptibility to fibrosis and this appears to be organ specific. For instance, C57BL/6J mice are resistant to hepatic, renal and cardiac fibrosis but susceptible to pulmonary and intestinal fibrosis. However, BALB/c mice are resistant to pulmonary fibrosis but susceptible to hepatic fibrosis. Few studies have assessed the effect of the same injury stimulus in different organ systems using the same strains of mouse. Such mouse strain studies may prove useful in elucidating the genetic as well as epigenetic factors in humans that could help determine why some people are more susceptible to the development of certain organ specific fibrosis than others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Walkin
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
- 3.107 Blond McIndoe Laboratory, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Sarah E Herrick
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
| | - Angela Summers
- Manchester Institute of Nephrology and Transplantation, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Grafton St, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Paul E Brenchley
- Manchester Institute of Nephrology and Transplantation, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Grafton St, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Catherine M Hoff
- Baxter Healthcare, Renal Division Scientific Affairs, Baxter Healthcare Corporation, McGaw Park, Chicago, Illinois, 60015-4625, USA
| | - Ron Korstanje
- The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main St, Bar Harbor, Maine 04609, USA
| | - Peter J Margetts
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine and Division of Nephrology, McMaster University, 1200 Main St West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S4L8, Canada
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13
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do O NT, Eurich D, Schmitz P, Schmeding M, Heidenhain C, Bahra M, Trautwein C, Neuhaus P, Neumann UP, Wasmuth HE. A 7-gene signature of the recipient predicts the progression of fibrosis after liver transplantation for hepatitis C virus infection. Liver Transpl 2012; 18:298-304. [PMID: 22139994 DOI: 10.1002/lt.22475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis recurrence after liver transplantation (LT) for hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a universal event and strongly determines a patient's prognosis. The recipient risk factors for fibrosis recurrence are still poorly defined. Here we assess a genetic risk score as a predictor of fibrosis after LT. The cirrhosis risk score (CRS), which comprises allele variants in 7 genes (adaptor-related protein complex 3 S2, aquaporin 2, antizyme inhibitor 1, degenerative spermatocyte homolog 1 lipid desaturase, syntaxin binding protein 5-like, toll-like receptor 4, and transient receptor potential cation channel M5), was calculated for 137 patients who underwent LT for HCV infection and experienced HCV reinfection of the graft. The patients were stratified into 3 CRS categories: <0.5, 0.5 to 0.7, and >0.7. All patients underwent protocol biopsy after LT (median follow-up = 5 years), and liver fibrosis was assessed according to the Desmet and Scheuer score. The data were analyzed with univariate and multivariate analyses. The results showed that the highest CRS category was strongly associated with the presence of F2 or F3 fibrosis in protocol biopsy samples 1, 3, and 5 years after LT (P = 0.006, P = 0.001, and P = 0.02, respectively). Overall, 75.0% of the patients with a CRS > 0.7 developed at least F2 fibrosis, whereas 51.5% developed F3 fibrosis during follow-up. The predictive value of the CRS for fibrosis progression was independent of known clinical risk factors, including the age of the donor, the sex of the recipient, and the occurrence of acute rejection. A Kaplan-Meier analysis confirmed the prognostic value of the CRS with respect to the recurrence of severe liver fibrosis in HCV-infected patients after LT (log rank = 6.23, P = 0.03). In conclusion, the genetic signature of the recipient predicts the likelihood of severe liver fibrosis in the graft after HCV recurrence. The CRS might help with early clinical decision making (eg, the selection of patients for antiviral therapy after LT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole T do O
- Medical Department III, Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
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14
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Prediction of fibrosis progression in hepatitis C infection: are genetics ready for clinical use? J Hepatol 2011; 55:3-4. [PMID: 21334397 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2011.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2010] [Revised: 02/09/2011] [Accepted: 02/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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15
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Abstract
Chronic liver diseases lead to the accumulation of fibrosis in the liver with eventual progression to cirrhosis and its complications. However, there is a wide range of inter-individual variation in the liver fibrogenesis process, thus posing a challenge to physicians to identify patients with poor prognosis. As demographic and environmental factors only account for a small portion of fibrogenesis variability, host genetic factors have been suggested as playing an important role. Due to technical limitations, the first genetic studies were restricted to the evaluation of candidate genes having a known or supposed function in liver fibrogenesis. Recently, technological improvements have made it possible to study the whole human genome in a single scan. Genome-wide association studies have considerably heightened the interest in genetics as part of the study of liver fibrogenesis through their identification of previously unsuspected genes that are statistically associated with liver fibrosis. It is thus possible to determine new diagnostic or prognostic genetic markers for the management of patients with chronic liver diseases. Moreover, functional analyses of these genes may provide new insights into the pathophysiology of liver fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Boursier
- Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers et Laboratoire HIFIH, UPRES 3859, IFR 132, 4 rue Larrey 49933 Angers Cedex 9, France.
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16
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Zimmer V, Lammert F. Genetics and epigenetics in the fibrogenic evolution of chronic liver diseases. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2011; 25:269-80. [PMID: 21497744 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2011.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2011] [Accepted: 02/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Recent years have seen unprecedented progress in the identification and characterization of genetic information related to chronic liver diseases (CLDs). However, despite the conceptual benefit in early recognition of at-risk populations amenable to pre-emptive treatment and/or surveillance strategies, recent genomic research in the field has placed focus on unravelling the genetic architecture of disease susceptibility, while data on genetic markers anticipating an accelerated fibrogenesis in an individual are still limited. Likewise, sequence variation assigning rapid fibrogenic evolution common to CLDs irrespective of etiology are poorly defined aside from PNPLA3 (adiponutrin) as a prominent exception. The emerging field of epigenetics in hepatology has mostly been studied under the perspective of gene regulation, less so as a heritable alteration in gene activity. In this article we will critically discuss recent findings in genomic hepatology with special focus on the (epi)genetic contribution to the fibrogenic evolution of CLDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Zimmer
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Hospital, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str., 66421 Homburg, Germany.
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