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Moser T, Evans JE. Inactivation of Fluorescent Lipid Bilayers by Irradiation With 300 keV Electrons Using Liquid Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2022.772469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid cell transmission electron microscopy allows for imaging of samples in a fully hydrated state at high resolution and has the potential for visualizing static or dynamic biological structures. However, the ionizing nature of the electron beam makes it difficult to discern real physiological dynamics from radiation induced artifacts within liquid cell samples. Electron flux thresholds for achieving high resolution structures from biological samples frozen in ice have been described extensively by the cryo-electron microscopy field, while electron flux thresholds which do not result in a functional change for biological samples within the hydrated environment of a transmission electron microscope liquid cell is less clear. Establishing these functional thresholds for biologically relevant samples is important for accurate interpretation of results from liquid cell experiments. Here we demonstrate the electron damage threshold of fluorescently tagged lipid bilayers by quantifying the change in fluorescence before and after electron exposure. We observe the reduction of fluorescent signal in bilayers by 25% after only 0.0005 e−/Å2 and a reduction of over 90% after 0.01 e−/Å2. These results indicate that the loss of function occurs at irradiation thresholds far below a typical single high resolution (scanning) transmission electron microscopy image and orders of magnitude below fluxes used for preserving structural features with cryo-electron microscopy.
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Smith JW, Chen Q. Liquid-phase electron microscopy imaging of cellular and biomolecular systems. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:8490-8506. [DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01300e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Liquid-phase electron microscopy, a new method for real-time nanoscopic imaging in liquid, makes it possible to study cells or biomolecules with a singular combination of spatial and temporal resolution. We review the state of the art in biological research in this growing and promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W. Smith
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign
- Urbana
- USA
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign
- Urbana
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign
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Besztejan S, Keskin S, Manz S, Kassier G, Bücker R, Venegas-Rojas D, Trieu HK, Rentmeister A, Miller RJD. Visualization of Cellular Components in a Mammalian Cell with Liquid-Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2017; 23:46-55. [PMID: 28137345 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927616012708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present liquid-cell transmission electron microscopy (liquid-cell TEM) imaging of fixed and non-fixed prostate cancer cells (PC3 and LNCaP) with high resolution in a custom developed silicon nitride liquid cell. Fixed PC3 cells were imaged for 90-120 min without any discernable damage. High contrast on the cellular structures was obtained even at low electron doses (~2.5 e-/nm2 per image). The images show distinct structures of cell compartments (nuclei and nucleoli) and cell boundaries without any further sample embedding, dehydration, or staining. Furthermore, we observed dynamics of vesicles trafficking from the cell membrane in consecutive still frames in a non-fixed cell. Our findings show that liquid-cell TEM, operated at low electron dose, is an excellent tool to investigate dynamic events in non-fixed cells with enough spatial resolution (few nm) and natural amplitude contrast to follow key intracellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Besztejan
- 1Chemistry Department,Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,University of Hamburg,Martin-Luther-King Platz 6,20146 Hamburg,Germany
| | - Sercan Keskin
- 3Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter,Luruper Chaussee 149,Geb. 99 (CFEL),22761 Hamburg,Germany
| | - Stephanie Manz
- 3Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter,Luruper Chaussee 149,Geb. 99 (CFEL),22761 Hamburg,Germany
| | - Günther Kassier
- 3Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter,Luruper Chaussee 149,Geb. 99 (CFEL),22761 Hamburg,Germany
| | - Robert Bücker
- 3Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter,Luruper Chaussee 149,Geb. 99 (CFEL),22761 Hamburg,Germany
| | - Deybith Venegas-Rojas
- 4Institute of Microsystems Technology,Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH),Eißendorfer Straße 42,21073 Hamburg,Germany
| | - Hoc K Trieu
- 4Institute of Microsystems Technology,Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH),Eißendorfer Straße 42,21073 Hamburg,Germany
| | - Andrea Rentmeister
- 5Institute of Biochemistry,Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster,Wilhelm-Klemm-Strasse 2,48149 Muenster,Germany
| | - R J Dwayne Miller
- 2The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging,University of Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149,22761 Hamburg,Germany
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Mirsaidov U, Zheng H, Casana Y, Matsudaira P. Response to “Electron Microscopy of Biological Specimens in Liquid Water”. Biophys J 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2012.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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