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Krause J, Nickel A, Madsen A, Aitken-Buck HM, Stoter AMS, Schrapers J, Ojeda F, Geiger K, Kern M, Kohlhaas M, Bertero E, Hofmockel P, Hübner F, Assum I, Heinig M, Müller C, Hansen A, Krause T, Park DD, Just S, Aïssi D, Börnigen D, Lindner D, Friedrich N, Alhussini K, Bening C, Schnabel RB, Karakas M, Iacoviello L, Salomaa V, Linneberg A, Tunstall-Pedoe H, Kuulasmaa K, Kirchhof P, Blankenberg S, Christ T, Eschenhagen T, Lamberts RR, Maack C, Stenzig J, Zeller T. An arrhythmogenic metabolite in atrial fibrillation. J Transl Med 2023; 21:566. [PMID: 37620858 PMCID: PMC10464005 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04420-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-chain acyl-carnitines (ACs) are potential arrhythmogenic metabolites. Their role in atrial fibrillation (AF) remains incompletely understood. Using a systems medicine approach, we assessed the contribution of C18:1AC to AF by analysing its in vitro effects on cardiac electrophysiology and metabolism, and translated our findings into the human setting. METHODS AND RESULTS Human iPSC-derived engineered heart tissue was exposed to C18:1AC. A biphasic effect on contractile force was observed: short exposure enhanced contractile force, but elicited spontaneous contractions and impaired Ca2+ handling. Continuous exposure provoked an impairment of contractile force. In human atrial mitochondria from AF individuals, C18:1AC inhibited respiration. In a population-based cohort as well as a cohort of patients, high C18:1AC serum concentrations were associated with the incidence and prevalence of AF. CONCLUSION Our data provide evidence for an arrhythmogenic potential of the metabolite C18:1AC. The metabolite interferes with mitochondrial metabolism, thereby contributing to contractile dysfunction and shows predictive potential as novel circulating biomarker for risk of AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Krause
- University Center of Cardiovascular Science, Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Nickel
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Madsen
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hamish M Aitken-Buck
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - A M Stella Stoter
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jessica Schrapers
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Francisco Ojeda
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kira Geiger
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Kern
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Kohlhaas
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Edoardo Bertero
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Hofmockel
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Florian Hübner
- Institute of Food Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ines Assum
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Informatics, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Matthias Heinig
- Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany
- Department of Informatics, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Müller
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Arne Hansen
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Krause
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Deung-Dae Park
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Steffen Just
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Dylan Aïssi
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Börnigen
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Diana Lindner
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Faculty of Medicine, University Heart Center Freiburg-Bad Krozingen, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nele Friedrich
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Khaled Alhussini
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Constanze Bening
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Renate B Schnabel
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mahir Karakas
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Licia Iacoviello
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Research Center in Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine (EPIMED), University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Veikko Salomaa
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Allan Linneberg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hugh Tunstall-Pedoe
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Kari Kuulasmaa
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paulus Kirchhof
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Stefan Blankenberg
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Torsten Christ
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Regis R Lamberts
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Christoph Maack
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Clinic Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Justus Stenzig
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Zeller
- University Center of Cardiovascular Science, Department of Cardiology, University Heart and Vascular Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany.
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Aitken-Buck HM, Krause J, van Hout I, Davis PJ, Bunton RW, Parry DJ, Williams MJA, Coffey S, Zeller T, Jones PP, Lamberts RR. Long-chain acylcarnitine 18:1 acutely increases human atrial myocardial contractility and arrhythmia susceptibility. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 321:H162-H174. [PMID: 34085842 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00184.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Long-chain acylcarnitines (LCACs) are known to directly alter cardiac contractility and electrophysiology. However, the acute effect of LCACs on human cardiac function is unknown. We aimed to determine the effect of LCAC 18:1, which has been associated with cardiovascular disease, on the contractility and arrhythmia susceptibility of human atrial myocardium. Additionally, we aimed to assess how LCAC 18:1 alters Ca2+ influx and spontaneous Ca2+ release in vitro. Human right atrial trabeculae (n = 32) stimulated at 1 Hz were treated with LCAC 18:1 at a range of concentrations (1-25 µM) for a 45-min period. Exposure to the LCAC induced a dose-dependent positive inotropic effect on myocardial contractility (maximal 1.5-fold increase vs. control). At the 25 µM dose (n = 8), this was paralleled by an enhanced propensity for spontaneous contractions (50% increase). Furthermore, all LCAC 18:1 effects on myocardial function were reversed following LCAC 18:1 washout. In fluo-4-AM-loaded HEK293 cells, LCAC 18:1 dose dependently increased cytosolic Ca2+ influx relative to vehicle controls and the short-chain acylcarnitine C3. In HEK293 cells expressing ryanodine receptor (RyR2), this increased Ca2+ influx was linked to an increased propensity for RyR2-mediated spontaneous Ca2+ release events. Our study is the first to show that LCAC 18:1 directly and acutely alters human myocardial function and in vitro Ca2+ handling. The metabolite promotes proarrhythmic muscle contractions and increases contractility. The exploratory findings in vitro suggest that LCAC 18:1 increases proarrhythmic RyR2-mediated spontaneous Ca2+ release propensity. The direct effects of metabolites on human myocardial function are essential to understand cardiometabolic dysfunction.NEW & NOTEWORTHY For the first time, the fatty acid metabolite, long-chain acylcarnitine 18:1, is shown to acutely increase the arrhythmia susceptibility and contractility of human atrial myocardium. In vitro, this was linked to an influx of Ca2+ and an enhanced propensity for spontaneous RyR2-mediated Ca2+ release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamish M Aitken-Buck
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Julia Krause
- University Heart and Vascular Centre, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Isabelle van Hout
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Philip J Davis
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Otago Medical School-Dunedin Campus, Dunedin Hospital, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Richard W Bunton
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Otago Medical School-Dunedin Campus, Dunedin Hospital, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Dominic J Parry
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Otago Medical School-Dunedin Campus, Dunedin Hospital, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Michael J A Williams
- Department of Medicine, Heart Otago, Otago Medical School-Dunedin Campus, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Sean Coffey
- Department of Medicine, Heart Otago, Otago Medical School-Dunedin Campus, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Tanja Zeller
- University Heart and Vascular Centre, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter P Jones
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Regis R Lamberts
- Department of Physiology, HeartOtago, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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