1
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Ulger O, Eş I, Proctor CM, Algin O. Stroke studies in large animals: Prospects of mitochondrial transplantation and enhancing efficiency using hydrogels and nanoparticle-assisted delivery. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 100:102469. [PMID: 39191353 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
One of the most frequent reasons for mortality and disability today is acute ischemic stroke, which occurs by an abrupt disruption of cerebral circulation. The intricate damage mechanism involves several factors, such as inflammatory response, disturbance of ion balance, loss of energy production, excessive reactive oxygen species and glutamate release, and finally, neuronal death. Stroke research is now carried out using several experimental models and potential therapeutics. Furthermore, studies are being conducted to address the shortcomings of clinical care. A great deal of research is being done on novel pharmacological drugs, mitochondria targeting compounds, and different approaches including brain cooling and new technologies. Still, there are many unanswered questions about disease modeling and treatment strategies. Before these new approaches may be used in therapeutic settings, they must first be tested on large animals, as most of them have been done on rodents. However, there are several limitations to large animal stroke models used for research. In this review, the damage mechanisms in acute ischemic stroke and experimental acute ischemic stroke models are addressed. The current treatment approaches and promising experimental methods such as mitochondrial transplantation, hydrogel-based interventions, and strategies like mitochondria encapsulation and chemical modification, are also examined in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oner Ulger
- Department of Mitochondria and Cellular Research, Gulhane Health Sciences Institute, University of Health Sciences, Ankara 06010, Turkiye; Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara 06010, Turkiye.
| | - Ismail Eş
- Department of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering (IBME), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Christopher M Proctor
- Department of Engineering Science, Institute of Biomedical Engineering (IBME), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Oktay Algin
- Interventional MR Clinical R&D Institute, Ankara University, Ankara 06100, Turkiye; Department of Radiology, Medical Faculty, Ankara University, Ankara 06100, Turkiye; National MR Research Center (UMRAM), Bilkent University, Ankara 06800, Turkiye
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2
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Arakawa M, Sakamoto Y, Miyagawa Y, Nito C, Takahashi S, Nitahara-Kasahara Y, Suda S, Yamazaki Y, Sakai M, Kimura K, Okada T. iPSC-derived mesenchymal stem cells attenuate cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting inflammatory signaling and oxidative stress. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2023; 30:333-349. [PMID: 37637385 PMCID: PMC10448333 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells (iMSCs) hold great promise as a cell source for transplantation into injured tissues to alleviate inflammation. However, the therapeutic efficacy of iMSC transplantation for ischemic stroke remains unknown. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic effects of iMSC transplantation on brain injury after ischemia-reperfusion using a rat transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model and compared its therapeutic efficacy with that of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs). We showed that iMSCs and BMMSCs reduced infarct volumes after reperfusion and significantly improved motor function on days 3, 7, 14, 28, and 56 and cognitive function on days 28 and 56 after reperfusion compared with the vehicle group. Furthermore, immunological analyses revealed that transplantation of iMSCs and BMMSCs inhibited microglial activation and expression of proinflammatory cytokines and suppressed oxidative stress and neuronal cell death in the cerebral cortex at the ischemic border zone. No difference in therapeutic effect was observed between the iMSC and BMMSC groups. Taken together, our results demonstrate that iMSC therapy can be a practical alternative as a cell source for attenuation of brain injury and improvement of neurological function because of the unlimited supply of uniform therapeutic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Arakawa
- Department of Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Sakamoto
- Department of Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Miyagawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chikako Nito
- Department of Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Clinical Research, Collaborative Research Center, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiro Takahashi
- Department of Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Nitahara-Kasahara
- Division of Molecular and Medical Genetics, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Suda
- Department of Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Yamazaki
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mashito Sakai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazumi Kimura
- Department of Neurological Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Okada
- Division of Molecular and Medical Genetics, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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3
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Takemura M, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Kiyose R, Nagahama H, Oka S, Ukai R, Yokoyama T, Kocsis JD, Ueba T, Honmou O. Repeated intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells for enhanced functional recovery in a rat model of chronic cerebral ischemia. J Neurosurg 2022; 137:402-411. [PMID: 34861644 DOI: 10.3171/2021.8.jns21687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Stroke is a major cause of long-term disability, and there are few effective treatments that improve function in patients during the chronic phase of stroke. Previous research has shown that single systemic infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) improves motor function in acute and chronic cerebral ischemia models in rats. A possible mechanism that could explain such an event includes the enhanced neural connections between cerebral hemispheres that contribute to therapeutic effects. In the present study, repeated infusions (3 times at weekly intervals) of MSCs were administered in a rat model of chronic stroke to determine if multiple dosing facilitated plasticity in neural connections. METHODS The authors induced middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats and, 8 weeks thereafter, used them as a chronic stroke model. The rats with MCAO were randomized and intravenously infused with vehicle only (vehicle group); with MSCs at week 8 (single administration: MSC-1 group); or with MSCs at weeks 8, 9, and 10 (3 times, repeated administration: MSC-3 group) via femoral veins. Ischemic lesion volume and behavioral performance were examined. Fifteen weeks after induction of MCAO, the thickness of the corpus callosum (CC) was determined using Nissl staining. Immunohistochemical analysis of the CC was performed using anti-neurofilament antibody. Interhemispheric connections through the CC were assessed ex vivo by diffusion tensor imaging. RESULTS Motor recovery was better in the MSC-3 group than in the MSC-1 group. In each group, there was no change in the ischemic volume before and after infusion. However, both thickness and optical density of neurofilament staining in the CC were greater in the MSC-3 group, followed by the MSC-1 group, and then the vehicle group. The increased thickness and optical density of neurofilament in the CC correlated with motor function at 15 weeks following induction of MCAO. Preserved neural tracts that ran through interhemispheric connections via the CC were also more extensive in the MSC-3 group, followed by the MSC-1 group and then the vehicle group, as observed ex vivo using diffusion tensor imaging. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that repeated systemic administration of MSCs over 3 weeks resulted in greater functional improvement as compared to single administration and/or vehicle infusion. In addition, administration of MSCs is associated with promotion of interhemispheric connectivity through the CC in the chronic phase of cerebral infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Takemura
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
- 3Department of Neurosurgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
- Departments of4Neurology and
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Ryo Kiyose
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
- 2Division of Radioisotope Research, Biomedical Research, Education and Instrumentation Center, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido
| | - Shinichi Oka
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Ryo Ukai
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Takahiro Yokoyama
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Departments of4Neurology and
- 5Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven; and
- 6Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Tetsuya Ueba
- 3Department of Neurosurgery, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
| | - Osamu Honmou
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
- Departments of4Neurology and
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4
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Kouchakian MR, Baghban N, Moniri SF, Baghban M, Bakhshalizadeh S, Najafzadeh V, Safaei Z, Izanlou S, Khoradmehr A, Nabipour I, Shirazi R, Tamadon A. The Clinical Trials of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Therapy. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:1634782. [PMID: 34745268 PMCID: PMC8566082 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1634782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a heterogeneous population of adult stem cells, which are multipotent and possess the ability to differentiate/transdifferentiate into mesodermal and nonmesodermal cell lineages. MSCs display broad immunomodulatory properties since they are capable of secreting growth factors and chemotactic cytokines. Safety, accessibility, and isolation from patients without ethical concern make MSCs valuable sources for cell therapy approaches in autoimmune, inflammatory, and degenerative diseases. Many studies have been conducted on the application of MSCs as a new therapy, but it seems that a low percentage of them is related to clinical trials, especially completed clinical trials. Considering the importance of clinical trials to develop this type of therapy as a new treatment, the current paper is aimed at describing characteristics of MSCs and reviewing relevant clinical studies registered on the NIH database during 2016-2020 to discuss recent advances on MSC-based therapeutic approaches being used in different diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Kouchakian
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Baghban
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Farzaneh Moniri
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mandana Baghban
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shabnam Bakhshalizadeh
- Reproductive Development, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vahid Najafzadeh
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Anatomy & Biochemistry Section, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zahra Safaei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Amir Al Mo'menin Hospital, Amir Al Mo'menin IVF Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Safoura Izanlou
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran
| | - Arezoo Khoradmehr
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Iraj Nabipour
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Reza Shirazi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medical Sciences, Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Amin Tamadon
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
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5
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Liu J, Hou Z, Wu J, Liu K, Li D, Gao T, Liu W, An B, Sun Y, Mo F, Wang L, Wang Y, Hao J, Hu B. Infusion of hESC derived Immunity-and-matrix regulatory cells improves cognitive ability in early-stage AD mice. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e13085. [PMID: 34232542 PMCID: PMC8349653 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives In this study, we administered immunity‐and‐matrix regulatory cells (IMRCs) via tail vein (IV) and intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection to 3‐month‐old 5×FAD transgenic mice to assess the effects of IMRC transplantation on the behaviour and pathology of early‐stage Alzheimer's disease (AD). Materials and methods Clinical‐grade human embryonic stem cell (hESC)‐derived IMRCs were produced under good manufacturing practice (GMP) conditions. Three‐month‐old 5×FAD mice were administered IMRCs via IV and ICV injection. After 3 months, the mice were subjected to behavioural tests and electrophysiological analysis to evaluate their cognitive function, memory ability and synaptic plasticity. The effect of IMRCs on amyloid‐beta (Aβ)‐related pathology was detected by thioflavin‐S staining and Western blot. Quantitative real‐time PCR, ELISA and immunostaining were used to confirm that IMRCs inhibit neuroinflammation. RNA‐seq analysis was performed to measure changes in gene expression and perform a pathway analysis in response to IMRC treatment. Results IMRC administration via tail vein injection significantly ameliorated cognitive deficits in early‐stage AD (5×FAD) mice. However, no significant change was observed in the characteristic pathology of AD in the ICV group. Plaque analysis revealed that IMRCs did not influence either plaque deposition or BACE1 expression. In addition, IMRCs inhibited inflammatory responses and reduced microglial activation in vivo. Conclusions We have shown that peripheral administration of IMRCs can ameliorate AD pathology and associated cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zongren Hou
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kailun Liu
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Da Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.,National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.,National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bin An
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.,National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.,National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yukai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.,National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.,National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baoyang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.,National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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6
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Progress in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Ischemic Stroke. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:9923566. [PMID: 34221026 PMCID: PMC8219421 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9923566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a serious cerebrovascular disease with high morbidity and disability worldwide. Despite the great efforts that have been made, the prognosis of patients with IS remains unsatisfactory. Notably, recent studies indicated that mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) therapy is becoming a novel research hotspot with large potential in treating multiple human diseases including IS. The current article is aimed at reviewing the progress of MSC treatment on IS. The mechanism of MSCs in the treatment of IS involved with immune regulation, neuroprotection, angiogenesis, and neural circuit reconstruction. In addition, nutritional cytokines, mitochondria, and extracellular vesicles (EVs) may be the main mediators of the therapeutic effect of MSCs. Transplantation of MSCs-derived EVs (MSCs-EVs) affords a better neuroprotective against IS when compared with transplantation of MSCs alone. MSC therapy can prolong the treatment time window of ischemic stroke, and early administration within 7 days after stroke may be the best treatment opportunity. The deliver routine consists of intraventricular, intravascular, intranasal, and intraperitoneal. Furthermore, several methods such as hypoxic preconditioning and gene technology could increase the homing and survival ability of MSCs after transplantation. In addition, MSCs combined with some drugs or physical therapy measures also show better neurological improvement. These data supported the notion that MSC therapy might be a promising therapeutic strategy for IS. And the application of new technology will promote MSC therapy of IS.
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7
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Endovascular model of ischemic stroke in swine guided by real-time MRI. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17318. [PMID: 33057149 PMCID: PMC7560864 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74411-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Modeling stroke in animals is essential for testing efficacy of new treatments; however, previous neuroprotective therapies, based on systemic delivery in rodents failed, exposing the need for model with improved clinical relevance. The purpose of this study was to develop endovascular approach for inducing ischemia in swine. To achieve that goal, we used intra-arterial administration of thrombin mixed with gadolinium and visualized the occlusion with real-time MRI. Placement of the microcatheter proximally to rete allowed trans-catheter perfusion of the ipsilateral hemisphere as visualized by contrast-enhanced perfusion MR scans. Dynamic T2*w MRI facilitated visualization of thrombin + Gd solution transiting through cerebral vasculature and persistent hyperintensities indicated occlusion. Area of trans-catheter perfusion dynamically quantified on representative slice before and after thrombin administration (22.20 ± 6.31 cm2 vs. 13.28 ± 4.71 cm2 respectively) indicated significantly reduced perfusion. ADC mapping showed evidence of ischemia as early as 27 min and follow-up T2w scans confirmed ischemic lesion (3.14 ± 1.41 cm2). Animals developed contralateral neurological deficits but were ambulatory. Our study has overcome long lasting challenge of inducing endovascular stroke model in pig. We were able to induce stroke using minimally invasive endovascular approach and observe in real-time formation of the thrombus, blockage of cerebral perfusion and eventually stroke lesion.
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8
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Yao P, Zhou L, Zhu L, Zhou B, Yu Q. Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Potential Therapeutic Strategy for Neurodegenerative Diseases. Eur Neurol 2020; 83:235-241. [PMID: 32690856 DOI: 10.1159/000509268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disease is a kind of chronic, progressive nervous system disease characterized by neuron degeneration or apoptosis. Current treatments cannot prevent the development of the disease. Possible alternative treatments include cell therapy, especially with the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSCs are pluripotent stem cells with capacities for self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation. MSCs may serve as a reliable source of neural cells for potential cell replacement therapy or regenerative medicine treatment. Here, we summarized the therapeutic mechanisms of MSCs and how they can contribute to the development of treatments for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Yao
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liping Zhou
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lujie Zhu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Binjie Zhou
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qin Yu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China,
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9
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Das M, Mayilsamy K, Mohapatra SS, Mohapatra S. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy for the treatment of traumatic brain injury: progress and prospects. Rev Neurosci 2020; 30:839-855. [PMID: 31203262 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2019-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of injury-related mortality and morbidity in the USA and around the world. The survivors may suffer from cognitive and memory deficits, vision and hearing loss, movement disorders, and different psychological problems. The primary insult causes neuronal damage and activates astrocytes and microglia which evokes immune responses causing further damage to the brain. Clinical trials of drugs to recover the neuronal loss are not very successful. Regenerative approaches for TBI using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) seem promising. Results of preclinical research have shown that transplantation of MSCs reduced secondary neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation, promoted neurogenesis and angiogenesis, and improved functional outcome in the experimental animals. The functional improvement is not necessarily related to cell engraftment; rather, immunomodulation by molecular factors secreted by MSCs is responsible for the beneficial effects of this therapy. However, MSC therapy has a few drawbacks including tumor formation, which can be avoided by the use of MSC-derived exosomes. This review has focused on the research works published in the field of regenerative therapy using MSCs after TBI and its future direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahasweta Das
- James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Karthick Mayilsamy
- James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Shyam S Mohapatra
- James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Subhra Mohapatra
- James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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10
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Wang H, Tu WJ, Xiao C, Dong MX, Ye YT, Deng J, Wang Y, Sha H, Liu Q. Nrf2 played an important role in radiation protection effect of low-level laser exposed on umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell. Tissue Cell 2020; 63:101329. [PMID: 32223956 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2019.101329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the protective function of low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) against ionizing irradiation and explore the molecular mechanism of photomodulation of Nrf2 protein, the impact of LLLI (635 nm, 5.7 J/cm2) before 2 Gy gamma ray radiation of radio-sensitive tissue hematopoietic stem cells was evaluated. As a result, reduced levels of reactive oxygen species and increased expression of antioxidant enzymes were detected. Moreover, increased expression of Nrf2 was observed after LLLI, whereas brusatol pretreatment before LLLI abolished this effect. In vivo, transplantation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) was employed for therapy of hematopoietic function in an acute radiation sickness (H-ARS) mouse model, which was induced by 6-Gy ionizing irradiation; different hUC-MSC pretreatments including LLLI and Nrf2 RNAi were accounted for during experimental grouping. LLLI treatment of cells significantly increased the erythrocyte count and number of myelopoiesis clones (P < 0.05), but such improvements were reduced by Nrf2 RNAi pretreatment compared with cells transplanted without intervention. Therefore, LLLI may improve the radiation protection effect through molecular mechanisms related to the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wang
- Geriatric Health Engineering Research Center, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Wen-Jun Tu
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Changyan Xiao
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Ming-Xin Dong
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Yin-Tao Ye
- Cancer Institute & Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Juan Deng
- Geriatric Health Engineering Research Center, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Geriatric Health Engineering Research Center, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Hong Sha
- Geriatric Health Engineering Research Center, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China.
| | - Qiang Liu
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China.
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11
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Namioka T, Namioka A, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Oka S, Nakazaki M, Onodera R, Suzuki J, Sasaki Y, Nagahama H, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells promotes functional recovery in a rat model of chronic cerebral infarction. J Neurosurg 2019; 131:1289-1296. [PMID: 30485210 DOI: 10.3171/2018.5.jns18140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from adult bone marrow improves behavioral function in rat models of cerebral infarction. Although clinical studies are ongoing, most studies have focused on the acute or subacute phase of stroke. In the present study, MSCs derived from bone marrow of rats were intravenously infused 8 weeks after the induction of a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) to investigate whether delayed systemic injection of MSCs improves functional outcome in the chronic phase of stroke in rats. METHODS Eight weeks after induction of the MCAO, the rats were randomized and intravenously infused with either MSCs or vehicle. Ischemic volume and behavioral performance were examined. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity was assessed by quantifying the leakage of Evans blue into the brain parenchyma after intravenous infusion. Immunohistochemical analysis was also performed to evaluate the stability of the BBB. RESULTS Motor recovery was better in the MSC-treated group than in the vehicle-treated group, with rapid improvement (evident at 1 week post-infusion). In MSC-treated rats, reduced BBB leakage and increased microvasculature/repair and neovascularization were observed. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the systemic infusion of MSCs results in functional improvement, which is associated with structural changes in the chronic phase of cerebral infarction, including in the stabilization of the BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Namioka
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ai Namioka
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- 3Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahito Nakazaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Rie Onodera
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Junpei Suzuki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sasaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- 2Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven; and
- 3Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Osamu Honmou
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- 3Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
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12
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Lam PK, Wang KKW, Chin DWC, Tong CSW, Wang Y, Lo KKY, Lai PBS, Ma H, Zheng VZY, Poon WS, Wong GKC. Topically applied adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell treatment in experimental focal cerebral ischemia. J Clin Neurosci 2019; 71:226-233. [PMID: 31431402 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2019.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the neuro-modulation effect of topical mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) was tested in a rodent middle carotid artery occlusion (MCAO) model. Twenty-four hours after MCAO, craniotomy was made and 0.8 × 106 GFP-MSCs were topically applied to the exposed parietal cortex. The MSCs were fixed in position by a thin layer of fibrin glue (N = 30). In the control group, saline were topically applied to the ipsilateral parietal cortex (N = 30). Three days after topical application, few GFP-positive cells were found in the ischemic penumbra. They expressed GFAP and NeuN. Topical MSCs triggered microglial activation, astrocytosis and cellular proliferation at day 3. The recovery of neurological functions were significantly enhanced as determined in Rotarod test and Morris Water Maze test with smaller infarct volume. PCR array showed that expressions of ten genes of neurogenesis were altered in the penumbra region (fold change > 1.25, p < 0.05) in MSCs group: Apoe, Ascl1, Efnb1, Mef2c, Nog, A100a6 and B2m were up-regulated; Pax2, Pax3 and Th were down-regulated. In conclusion, topical application provided a direct and effective transplant method for the delivery of MSCs to the surface of ipsilateral cerebral cortex and the topical MSCs could improve the neurological function from cerebral ischemia resulting from a major cerebral artery occlusion in a rodent experimental model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Kuen Lam
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Chow Tai Fook-Cheng Yu Tung Surgical Stem Cell Research Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Kevin Ka Wang Wang
- Program for Neurotrauma, Neuroproteomics & Biomarkers Research, Departments of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Don Wai Ching Chin
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Chow Tai Fook-Cheng Yu Tung Surgical Stem Cell Research Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Cindy See Wai Tong
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Chow Tai Fook-Cheng Yu Tung Surgical Stem Cell Research Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Yixiang Wang
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Kin Ki Yan Lo
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Chow Tai Fook-Cheng Yu Tung Surgical Stem Cell Research Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Paul Bo San Lai
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Chow Tai Fook-Cheng Yu Tung Surgical Stem Cell Research Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Hui Ma
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Chow Tai Fook-Cheng Yu Tung Surgical Stem Cell Research Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Vera Zhi Yuan Zheng
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Chow Tai Fook-Cheng Yu Tung Surgical Stem Cell Research Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Wai Sang Poon
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Chow Tai Fook-Cheng Yu Tung Surgical Stem Cell Research Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - George Kwok Chu Wong
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region; Chow Tai Fook-Cheng Yu Tung Surgical Stem Cell Research Center, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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13
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Li J, Liu W, Yao W. Immortalized Human Bone Marrow Derived Stromal Cells in Treatment of Transient Cerebral Ischemia in Rats. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 69:871-880. [PMID: 31156178 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianyuan Li
- Neurosurgical Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Neurosurgical Department, Rizhao City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Rizhao, China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Neurosurgical Department, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Weicheng Yao
- Neurosurgical Department, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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14
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Vawda R, Badner A, Hong J, Mikhail M, Lakhani A, Dragas R, Xhima K, Barretto T, Librach CL, Fehlings MG. Early Intravenous Infusion of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Exerts a Tissue Source Age-Dependent Beneficial Effect on Neurovascular Integrity and Neurobehavioral Recovery After Traumatic Cervical Spinal Cord Injury. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:639-649. [PMID: 30912623 PMCID: PMC6591557 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Localized vascular disruption after traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) triggers a cascade of secondary events, including inflammation, gliosis, and scarring, that can further impact recovery. In addition to immunomodulatory and neurotrophic properties, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) possess pericytic characteristics. These features make MSCs an ideal candidate for acute cell therapy targeting vascular disruption, which could reduce the severity of secondary injury, enhance tissue preservation and repair, and ultimately promote functional recovery. A moderately severe cervical clip compression/contusion injury was induced at C7‐T1 in adult female rats, followed by an intravenous tail vein infusion 1 hour post‐SCI of (a) term‐birth human umbilical cord perivascular cells (HUCPVCs); (b) first‐trimester human umbilical cord perivascular cells (FTM HUCPVCs); (c) adult bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells; or (d) vehicle control. Weekly behavioral testing was performed. Rats were sacrificed at 24 hours or 10 weeks post‐SCI and immunohistochemistry and ultrasound imaging were performed. Both term and FTM HUCPVC‐infused rats displayed improved (p < .05) grip strength compared with vehicle controls. However, only FTM HUCPVC‐infusion led to significant weight gain. All cell infusion treatments resulted in reduced glial scarring (p < .05). Cell infusion also led to increased axonal, myelin, and vascular densities (p < .05). Although post‐traumatic cavity volume was reduced with cell infusion, this did not reach significance. Taken together, we demonstrate selective long‐term functional recovery alongside histological improvements with HUCPVC infusion in a clinically relevant model of cervical SCI. Our findings highlight the potential of these cells for acute therapeutic intervention after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reaz Vawda
- Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anna Badner
- Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James Hong
- Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mirriam Mikhail
- Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alam Lakhani
- CReATe Fertility Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rachel Dragas
- Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kristiana Xhima
- Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Michael G Fehlings
- Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Neurosurgery and Spinal Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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15
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Cao Y, Zhao G, Panhwar F, Zhang X, Chen Z, Cheng L, Zang C, Liu F, Zhao Y, He X. The Unusual Properties of Polytetrafluoroethylene Enable Massive-Volume Vitrification of Stem Cells with Low-Concentration Cryoprotectants. ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES 2019; 4:1800289. [PMID: 31448319 PMCID: PMC6707752 DOI: 10.1002/admt.201800289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Injectable stem cell-hydrogel constructs hold great potential for regenerative medicine and cell-based therapies. However, their clinical application is still challenging due to their short shelf-life at ambient temperature and the time-consuming fabrication procedure. Banking the constructs at cryogenic temperature may offer the possibility of "off-the-shelf" availability to end-users. However, ice formation during the cryopreservation process may compromise the construct quality and cell viability. Vitrification, cooling biological samples without apparent ice formation, has been explored to resolve the challenge. However, contemporary vitrification methods are limited to very small volume (up to ~0.25 ml) and/or need highly toxic and high concentration (up to ~8 M) of permeable cryoprotectants (pCPAs). Here, we show that polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE, best known as Teflon for making non-stick cookware) capillary is flexible and unusually stable at a cryogenic temperature. By using the PTFE capillary as a flexible cryopreservation vessel together with alginate hydrogel microencapsulation and Fe3O4 nanoparticle-mediated nanowarming to suppress ice formation, massive-volume (10 ml) vitrification of cell-alginate hydrogel constructs with a low concentration (~2.5 M) of pCPA can be achieved. This may greatly facilitate the use of stem cell-based constructs for tissue regeneration and cell based therapies in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cao
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Fazil Panhwar
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaozhang Zhang
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Zhongrong Chen
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chuanbao Zang
- Yinfeng Cryomedicine Technology Co., LTD, Jinan, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Yinfeng Cryomedicine Technology Co., LTD, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanjin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China
| | - Xiaoming He
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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16
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Incontri Abraham D, Gonzales M, Ibarra A, Borlongan CV. Stand alone or join forces? Stem cell therapy for stroke. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2018; 19:25-33. [PMID: 30477353 DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2019.1551872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stroke is a major cause of mortality and disability with a narrow therapeutic window. Stem cell therapy may enhance the stroke recovery. AREAS COVERE Regenerative medicine via stem cells stands as a novel therapy for stroke. In particular, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties that improve brain function after stroke. Here, we discuss the safety, efficacy, and mechanism of action underlying the therapeutic effects of bone marrow-derived MSCs. We also examine the discrepant transplant protocols between preclinical studies and clinical trials. Laboratory studies show the safety and efficacy of bone marrow-derived MSCs in stroke models. However, while safe, MSCs remain to be fully evaluated as effective in clinical trials. Furthermore, recognizing the multiple cell death processes associated with stroke, we next discuss the potential therapeutic benefits of a combination therapy. With preliminary results and on-going clinical trials, a careful assessment of dosing, timing, and delivery route regimens will further direct the future of stem cell therapy for neurological disorders, including stroke. EXPERT OPINION Bone marrow-derived MSCs appear to be the optimal stem cell source for stroke therapy. Optimizing dosing, timing, and delivery route should guide the clinical application of bone marrow-derived MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Incontri Abraham
- a Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair , University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine , Tampa , FL , USA.,b Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud , Universidad Anáhuac México Campus Norte , Huixquilucan, Edo. de Mexico , México
| | - Melissa Gonzales
- a Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair , University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine , Tampa , FL , USA
| | - Antonio Ibarra
- b Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud (CICSA), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud , Universidad Anáhuac México Campus Norte , Huixquilucan, Edo. de Mexico , México.,c Faculty of Health Sciences , Proyecto CAMINA A.C , Ciudad de México , México
| | - Cesar V Borlongan
- a Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair , University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine , Tampa , FL , USA
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17
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Rosenberg JT, Yuan X, Helsper SN, Bagdasarian FA, Ma T, Grant SC. Effects of labeling human mesenchymal stem cells with superparamagnetic iron oxides on cellular functions and magnetic resonance contrast in hypoxic environments and long-term monitoring. Brain Circ 2018; 4:133-138. [PMID: 30450421 PMCID: PMC6187941 DOI: 10.4103/bc.bc_18_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemia, which involves decreased blood flow to a region and a corresponding deprivation of oxygen and nutrients, can be induced as a consequence of stroke or heart attack. A prevalent disease that affects many individuals worldwide, ischemic stroke results in functional and cognitive impairments, as neural cells in the brain receive inadequate nourishment and encounter inflammation and various other detrimental toxic factors that lead to their death. Given the scarce treatments for this disease in the clinic such as the administration of tissue plasminogen activator, which is only effective in a limited time window after the occurrence of stroke, it will be necessary to develop new strategies to ameliorate or prevent stroke-induced brain damage. Cell-based therapies appear to be a promising solution for treating ischemic stroke and many other ischemia-associated and neurodegenerative maladies. Particularly, human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are of interest for cell transplantation in stroke, given their multipotency, accessibility, and reparative abilities. To determine the fate and survival of hMSC, which will be imperative for successful transplantation therapies, these cells may be monitored using magnetic resonance imaging and transfected with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO), a contrast agent that facilitates the detection of these hMSCs. This review encompasses pertinent research and findings to reveal the effects of SPIO on hMSC functions in the context of transplantation in ischemic environments and over extended time periods. This paper is a review article. Referred literature in this paper has been listed in the references section. The data sets supporting the conclusions of this article are available online by searching various databases, including PubMed. Some original points in this article come from the laboratory practice in our research center and the authors' experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens T Rosenberg
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, Florida, USA.,The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CIMAR, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Xuegang Yuan
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Shannon N Helsper
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, Florida, USA.,The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CIMAR, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - F Andrew Bagdasarian
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, Florida, USA.,The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CIMAR, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Teng Ma
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Samuel C Grant
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, Florida, USA.,The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, CIMAR, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
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18
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Nagahama H, Suzuki J, Sasaki M, Nakazaki M, Honmou O. [8. Evaluation of the Therapeutic Mechanisms in Regeneration Therapy for Cerebral Infarction Using Pre-clinical Magnetic Resonance Imaging]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2018; 74:722-725. [PMID: 30033967 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.2018_jsrt_74.7.722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nagahama
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital.,Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Junpei Suzuki
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sapporo Medical University Hospital.,Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Masahito Nakazaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine
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19
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Qiao Y, Gumin J, MacLellan CJ, Gao F, Bouchard R, Lang FF, Stafford RJ, Melancon MP. Magnetic resonance and photoacoustic imaging of brain tumor mediated by mesenchymal stem cell labeled with multifunctional nanoparticle introduced via carotid artery injection. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:165101. [PMID: 29438105 PMCID: PMC5863233 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aaaf16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility of visualizing bone marrow-derived human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) labeled with a gold-coated magnetic resonance (MR)-active multifunctional nanoparticle and injected via the carotid artery for assessing the extent of MSC homing in glioma-bearing mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nanoparticles containing superparamagnetic iron oxide coated with gold (SPIO@Au) with a diameter of ∼82 nm and maximum absorbance in the near infrared region were synthesized. Bone marrow-derived MSCs conjugated with green fluorescent protein (GFP) were successfully labeled with SPIO@Au at 4 μg ml-1 and injected via the internal carotid artery in six mice bearing orthotopic U87 tumors. Unlabeled MSCs were used as a control. The ability of SPIO@Au-loaded MSCs to be imaged using MR and photoacoustic (PA) imaging at t = 0 h, 2 h, 24 h, and 72 h was assessed using a 7 T Bruker Biospec experimental MR scanner and a Vevo LAZR PA imaging system with a 5 ns laser as the excitation source. Histological analysis of the brain tissue was performed 72 h after MSC injection using GFP fluorescence, Prussian blue staining, and hematoxylin-and-eosin staining. RESULTS MSCs labeled with SPIO@Au at 4 μg ml-1 did not exhibit cell death or any adverse effects on differentiation or migration. The PA signal in tumors injected with SPIO@Au-loaded MSCs was clearly more enhanced post-injection, as compared with the tumors injected with unlabeled MSCs at t = 72 h. Using the same mice, T2-weighted MR imaging results taken before injection and at t = 2 h, 24 h, and 72 h were consistent with the PA imaging results, showing significant hypointensity of the tumor in the presence of SPIO@Au-loaded MSCs. Histological analysis also showed co-localization of GFP fluorescence and iron, thereby confirming that SPIO@Au-labeled MSCs continue to carry their nanoparticle payloads even at 72 h after injection. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated the feasibility of tracking carotid artery-injected SPIO@Au-labeled MSCs in vivo via MR and PA imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Qiao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Texas A&M University College of Medicine, 8447 Riverside Pkwy., Bryan, TX 77807, USA
| | - Joy Gumin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Christopher J. MacLellan
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 6767 Bertner Ave., Houston, TX 77225, USA
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Richard Bouchard
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 6767 Bertner Ave., Houston, TX 77225, USA
| | - Frederick F. Lang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - R. Jason Stafford
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 6767 Bertner Ave., Houston, TX 77225, USA
| | - Marites P. Melancon
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 6767 Bertner Ave., Houston, TX 77225, USA
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20
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Aithal AP, Bairy LK, Seetharam RN. Safety Assessment of Human Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Transplantation in Wistar Rats. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:FF01-FF03. [PMID: 29207730 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/29515.10534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (BM-MSCs) are multipotent stem cells isolated from adult human bone marrow. Properties of MSCs make them potentially ideal candidates for regenerative medicine. The preclinical data available in the literature regarding the safety assessment of MSCs at different dosage group is scanty. Aim To evaluate the safety of BM-MSCs transplantation in Wistar rats. Materials and Methods Eighteen adult female Wistar rats were used in the study. They were randomly divided into normal control, low dose MSCs and high dose MSCs groups. Low dose group received 3.25 million BM-MSCs/kg body weight; high dose group received 9.75 million BM-MSCs/kg body weight intravenously. Body weight, food and water intake of each rat were measured statistically using SPSS version 16.0; animals were observed for changes in behaviour, general clinical signs, presence of any abnormal response, mortality for thirty days. Results Repeated measures ANOVA indicated a significant increase in body weight, food, and water intake of all animals at all weeks of the study period compared to week zero (p<0.05). Between the low dose and high dose MSCs group, increase in absolute body weight was seen at the end of the 30th day which was statistically significant (p=0.01). There was no significant difference in body weights, food and water intake in MSCs group when compared to normal control. All the animals survived for the entire duration of the study. Further, there was no change in the behaviour of the animals, no adverse clinical signs or complications following the MSCs treatment. Conclusion Results indicate that administration of BM-MSCs is safe when given by a slow intravenous infusion as it did not alter the food and water intake behaviour of the animals and did not have any negative effect on its body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini P Aithal
- Senior Grade Lecturer, Department of Anatomy, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Laxminarayana Kurady Bairy
- Professor, Department of Pharmacology, RAK College of Medical Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Raviraja N Seetharam
- Director - Business Development, Stempeutics Research Pvt. Ltd, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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21
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Lu CW, Hsiao JK, Liu HM, Wu CH. Characterization of an iron oxide nanoparticle labelling and MRI-based protocol for inducing human mesenchymal stem cells into neural-like cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3587. [PMID: 28620162 PMCID: PMC5472606 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03863-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to develop an iron oxide nanoparticle (ION) labelling and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based protocol to allow visualization of the differentiation process of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into neural-like cells (NCs) in vitro. Ferucarbotran, a clinically available ION, which can be visualized under MRI, is used for tracking cells implanted in vivo. The NCs were verified morphologically and histologically by light microscopy, and their functions were verified by measuring their action potentials. Conformational conversion of axon-like structures was observed under light microscopy. These NCs exhibited frequent, active action potentials compared with cells that did not undergo neural differentiation. The labelling of ION had no influence on the morphological and functional differentiation capacity of the MSCs. We conclude that the MSCs that were differentiated into NCs exhibited in vitro activity potential firing and may be used to replace damaged neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Wen Lu
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 10677, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Imaging, Taipei TzuChi Hospital, The Buddhist TzuChi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, 23142, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Kai Hsiao
- Department of Medical Imaging, Taipei TzuChi Hospital, The Buddhist TzuChi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, 23142, Taiwan
| | - Hon-Man Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 10048, Taiwan.
| | - Chung-Hsin Wu
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, 10677, Taiwan.
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22
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Effect of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cell Administration and Mild Hypothermia Induction on Delayed Neuronal Death After Transient Global Cerebral Ischemia. Crit Care Med 2017; 45:e508-e515. [PMID: 28252535 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000002289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Global cerebral ischemia is a cause of poor prognosis after resuscitation from cardiac arrest. Various attempts have been made to minimize global cerebral ischemia but none been more effective than mild hypothermia induction. A few studies have shown the effect of mesenchymal stem cells on global cerebral ischemia, but no studies have compared this effect with mild hypothermia or assessed any possible interaction. We aimed to show the effect of mesenchymal stem cells on delayed neuronal death after global cerebral ischemia and to compare this effect with mild hypothermia. DESIGN Experimental study. SETTING Animal research laboratory. SUBJECTS Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250-300 g. INTERVENTIONS Rats were subjected to 7 minutes of transient global cerebral ischemia and randomized into four groups: control, mild hypothermia, injection of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and combined application of mild hypothermia and mesenchymal stem cells, along with four sham groups treated identically. Rats were euthanized 7 days after global cerebral ischemia. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Degree of neuronal death in hippocampus was significantly higher in control than in other groups. The number of activated microglia was higher in control group than in other groups and was higher in mild hypothermia than shams, mesenchymal stem cells, mild hypothermia/mesenchymal stem cells. Degree of blood-brain barrier disruption and the count of infiltrated neutrophils were significantly higher in control than in other groups. Degree of oxidative injury was significantly higher in control than other groups. It was higher in mild hypothermia than sham groups, mesenchymal stem cells, mild hypothermia/mesenchymal stem cells and was higher in mesenchymal stem cells group than sham groups. Significantly, worse functional results were found in control than in other groups. CONCLUSIONS Administration of mesenchymal stem cells after transient global cerebral ischemia has a prominent protective effect on delayed neuron death, even compared with mild hypothermia.
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23
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Park HW, Kim Y, Chang JW, Yang YS, Oh W, Lee JM, Park HR, Kim DG, Paek SH. Effect of Single and Double Administration of Human Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Following Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats. Exp Neurobiol 2017; 26:55-65. [PMID: 28243167 PMCID: PMC5326715 DOI: 10.5607/en.2017.26.1.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Stem cell therapies are administered during the acute phase of stroke to preserve the penumbral tissues from ischemic injury. However, the effect of repeated cell therapy during the acute phase remains unclear. In this study, we investigated and compared the functional outcome of single (two days post-injury) and repeated (two and nine days post-injury) treatment with human umbilical cord derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCB-MSCs) after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The rotarod and limb placement tests were utilized to investigate functional outcomes, while infarct volume and tissue damage were measured by immunofluorescent staining for neovascularization, neurogenesis, apoptosis, and inflammation in the penumbral zones. We observed notable motor dysfunction and a significant decrease in infarcted brain volume, as well as increases in neurons and vessels in both single and repeated hUCB-MSC treatments compared to the control group. Interestingly, repeated administration of hUCB-MSCs was not found to elicit additional or synergistic improvements over monotherapy. This study suggests that a clearer understanding of the therapeutic window after stroke will facilitate the development of more efficient treatment protocols in the clinical application of stem cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Woo Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.; Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Yona Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.; Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Jong Wook Chang
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Center, Research Institute for Future Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea
| | - Yoon Sun Yang
- Biomedical Research Institute, MEDIPOST Co., Ltd, Seoul 13494, Korea
| | - Wonil Oh
- Biomedical Research Institute, MEDIPOST Co., Ltd, Seoul 13494, Korea
| | - Jae Min Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Hye Ran Park
- Department of Neurosurgery, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Seoul 31151, Korea
| | - Dong Gyu Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.; Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
| | - Sun Ha Paek
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.; Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea.; Ischemic/Hypoxic Disease Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Korea
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24
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A Soliman N, Abd-Allah SH, Hussein S, Alaa Eldeen M. Factors enhancing the migration and the homing of mesenchymal stem cells in experimentally induced cardiotoxicity in rats. IUBMB Life 2017; 69:162-169. [PMID: 28083978 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin is an effective anti-neoplastic drug but its use is limited by its cardiotoxicity. Administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for the management of cardiotoxicity was with poor myocardial homing capacity. With the aim of developing novel techniques to improve the migration of MSCs, we tested whether valproate and electric fields (EFs) direct the migration of MSCs towards the damaged myocardium. The study included five groups of female albino rats. The first group included 10 healthy rats as normal control group. The remaining 40 female rats received doxorubicin for induction of acute cardiotoxicity. Four rats were sacrificed for histopathological confirmation of cardiotoxicity. The remaining rats were equally divided into subsequent four groups. The second group included nine rats that did not receive further treatment (positive control group). The third group included nine rats which received intravenous bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) after cardiotoxicity induction. The fourth group included nine rats which received BM-MSCs plus sodium valporate after cardiotoxicity induction. The fifth group included nine rats which received BM-MSCs plus sodium valporate after cardiotoxicity induction and were exposed to an electrical stimulation (ES). Blood samples were taken from all groups at the end of the study to estimate creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), aspartate transaminase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Heart tissues from all rats were used for RNA extraction for assessment of sry gene expression. Homing was tested by PKH26 fluorescence in myocardial tissue sections and by sry gene expression. The best biochemical and histopathological improvement in cardiotoxicity was demonstrated in group 5 (rats that received ES and valporate with MSCs). We concluded that EFs and sodium valproate enhance homing ability of MSCs towards the damaged myocardium in doxorubicin induced carditoxicity model. © 2017 IUBMB Life, 69(3):162-169, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil A Soliman
- Zoology Department, Physiology Section, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Somia H Abd-Allah
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Samia Hussein
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Alaa Eldeen
- Zoology Department, Physiology Section, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Egypt
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25
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Chan HH, Wathen CA, Ni M, Zhuo S. Stem cell therapies for ischemic stroke: current animal models, clinical trials and biomaterials. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra00336f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the facilitation of stem cell therapy in stroke by tissue engineering and applications of biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugh H. Chan
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education & Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350007
- P. R. China
- Department of Neuroscience
| | | | - Ming Ni
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education & Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350007
- P. R. China
| | - Shuangmu Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education & Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology
- Fujian Normal University
- Fuzhou 350007
- P. R. China
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26
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Wu Q, Wang Y, Demaerschalk BM, Ghimire S, Wellik KE, Qu W. Bone marrow stromal cell therapy for ischemic stroke: A meta-analysis of randomized control animal trials. Int J Stroke 2016; 12:273-284. [PMID: 27794139 DOI: 10.1177/1747493016676617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Background Results of animal studies assessing efficacy of bone marrow stromal cell therapy for ischemic stroke remain inconsistent. Aims The aims are to assess efficacy of bone marrow stromal cell therapy for ischemic stroke in animal studies. Methods Randomized controlled animal trials assessing efficacy of bone marrow stromal cell therapy were eligible. Stroke therapy academic industry round table was used to assess methodologic quality of included studies. Primary outcomes were total infarction volume and modified Neurological Severity Score. Multiple prespecified sensitivity analyses and subgroup analyses were conducted. Random effects models were used for meta-analysis. Results Thirty-three randomized animal trials were included with a total of 796 animals. The median quality score was 6 (interquartile range, 5-7). Bone marrow stromal cell therapy decreased total infarction volume (standardized mean difference, 0.897; 95% confidence interval, 0.553-1.241; P < .001) at follow-up. Overall standardized mean difference between animals treated with bone marrow stromal cell and controls was 2.47 (95% confidence interval, 1.84-3.11; P < .001) for modified Neurological Severity Score; 1.27 (95% confidence interval, 0.72-1.82; P < .001) for adhesive removal test; and 2.13 (95% confidence interval, 0.65-3.61; P < .001) for rotarod test. Significant heterogeneity among studies was observed. Effect of all outcomes stayed significant in various sensitivity analyses and subgroup analyses, except in a few subgroup analyses with small sample size or with short time follow-up. No significant difference between groups was observed except for study location, in which significantly larger estimates were found in Asian countries. On the basis of this meta-analysis, larger sample sizes are warranted for future animal studies. Conclusions Bone marrow stromal cell therapy significantly decreased total infarction volume and increased neural functional recovery in randomized controlled animal models of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wu
- 1 Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada USA.,2 Department of Environmental & Occupational Health, School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada USA
| | - Yuexiang Wang
- 3 Division of Pain Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota USA
| | | | - Saruna Ghimire
- 1 Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada USA
| | - Kay E Wellik
- 5 Division of Education Administration, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona USA
| | - Wenchun Qu
- 3 Division of Pain Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota USA.,6 Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota USA
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27
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Rosenberg JT, Yuan X, Grant S, Ma T. Tracking mesenchymal stem cells using magnetic resonance imaging. Brain Circ 2016; 2:108-113. [PMID: 30276283 PMCID: PMC6126273 DOI: 10.4103/2394-8108.192521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent translational studies in the fields of tissue regeneration and cell therapy have characterized mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a potentially effective and accessible measure for treating ischemic cerebral and neurodegenerative disorders such as stroke, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Developing more efficient cell tracking techniques bear the potential to optimize MSC transplantation therapies by providing a more accurate picture of the fate and area of effect of implanted cells. Currently, determining the location of transplanted MSCs involves a histological approach, but magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) presents a noninvasive paradigm that permits repeat evaluations. To visualize MSCs using MRI, the implanted cells must be treated with an intracellular contrast agent. These are commonly paramagnetic compounds, many of which are based on superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) nanoparticles. Recent research has set out characterize the effects of SPIO-uptake on the cellular activity of in vitro human MSCs and the resultant influence that respective SPIO concentration has on MRI sensitivity. As these studies reveal, SPIO-uptake has no effect on the cellular processes of proliferation and differentiation while producing high contrast MRI signals. Moreover, transplantation of SPIO-labeled MSCs in animal models encouragingly showed no loss in MRI contrast, suggesting that SPIO labeling may be an appealing regime for lasting MRI detection. This study is a review article. Referred literature in this study has been listed in the reference part. The datasets supporting the conclusions of this article are available online by searching the PubMed. Some original points in this article come from the laboratory practice in our research centers and the authors’ experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens T Rosenberg
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA.,The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - Xuegang Yuan
- The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - Samuel Grant
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA.,The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
| | - Teng Ma
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA
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28
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Lowrance SA, Fink KD, Crane A, Matyas J, Dey ND, Matchynski JJ, Thibo T, Reinke T, Kippe J, Hoffman C, Sandstrom M, Rossignol J, Dunbar GL. Bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells attenuate cognitive deficits in an endothelin-1 rat model of stroke. Restor Neurol Neurosci 2016; 33:579-88. [PMID: 23902985 DOI: 10.3233/rnn-130329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Stroke is the third leading cause of death and permanent disability in the United States, often producing long-term cognitive impairments, which are not easily recapitulated in animal models. The goals of this study were to assess whether: (1) the endothelin-1 (ET-1) model of chronic stroke produced discernable cognitive deficits; (2) a spatial operant reversal task (SORT) would accurately measure memory deficits in this model; and (3) bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) could reduce any observed deficits. METHODS Rats were given unilateral intracerebral injections of vehicle or ET-1, a stroke-inducing agent, near the middle cerebral artery. Seven days later, they were given intrastriatal injections of BMMSCs or vehicle, near the ischemic penumbra. The cognitive abilities of the rats were assessed on a novel SORT, which was designed to efficiently distinguish cognitive deficits from potential motoric confounds. RESULTS Rats given ET-1 had significantly more cognitive errors at six weeks post-stroke on the SORT, and that these deficits were attenuated by BMMSC transplants. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that: (1) the ET-1 model produces chronic cognitive deficits; (2) the SORT efficiently measures cognitive deficits that are not confounded by motoric impairment; and (3) BMMSCs may be a viable treatment for stroke-induced cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Lowrance
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.,Central Michigan University Program in Neuroscience, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - K D Fink
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.,Central Michigan University Program in Neuroscience, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - A Crane
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.,Central Michigan University Program in Neuroscience, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - J Matyas
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.,Central Michigan University Program in Neuroscience, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - N D Dey
- Field Neurosciences Institute, Saginaw, MI, USA
| | - J J Matchynski
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.,Central Michigan University Program in Neuroscience, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - T Thibo
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.,Central Michigan University Program in Neuroscience, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - T Reinke
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.,Central Michigan University Program in Neuroscience, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - J Kippe
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.,Central Michigan University Program in Neuroscience, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - C Hoffman
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.,Central Michigan University Program in Neuroscience, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - M Sandstrom
- Central Michigan University Program in Neuroscience, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - J Rossignol
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.,Central Michigan University Program in Neuroscience, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.,Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - G L Dunbar
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.,Central Michigan University Program in Neuroscience, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA.,Field Neurosciences Institute, Saginaw, MI, USA
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Moisan A, Favre I, Rome C, De Fraipont F, Grillon E, Coquery N, Mathieu H, Mayan V, Naegele B, Hommel M, Richard MJ, Barbier EL, Remy C, Detante O. Intravenous Injection of Clinical Grade Human MSCs After Experimental Stroke: Functional Benefit and Microvascular Effect. Cell Transplant 2016; 25:2157-2171. [PMID: 26924704 DOI: 10.3727/096368916x691132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is the leading cause of disability in adults. Many current clinical trials use intravenous (IV) administration of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). This autologous graft requires a delay for ex vivo expansion of cells. We followed microvascular effects and mechanisms of action involved after an IV injection of human BM-MSCs (hBM-MSCs) at a subacute phase of stroke. Rats underwent a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) or a surgery without occlusion (sham) at day 0 (D0). At D8, rats received an IV injection of 3 million hBM-MSCs or PBS-glutamine. In a longitudinal behavioral follow-up, we showed delayed somatosensory and cognitive benefits 4 to 7 weeks after hBM-MSC injection. In a separate longitudinal in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study, we observed an enhanced vascular density in the ischemic area 2 and 3 weeks after hBM-MSC injection. Histology and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) revealed an overexpression of angiogenic factors such as Ang1 and transforming growth factor-1 (TGF-1) at D16 in hBM-MSC-treated MCAo rats compared to PBS-treated MCAo rats. Altogether, delayed IV injection of hBM-MSCs provides functional benefits and increases cerebral angiogenesis in the stroke lesion via a release of endogenous angiogenic factors enhancing the stabilization of newborn vessels. Enhanced angiogenesis could therefore be a means of improving functional recovery after stroke.
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30
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Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in the Treatment of Stroke. Transl Neurosci 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4899-7654-3_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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31
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Lee TH. Behavioral assessment of cell transplantation after focal cerebral ischemia in rats. J Exerc Rehabil 2015; 11:140-4. [PMID: 26171379 PMCID: PMC4492423 DOI: 10.12965/jer.150206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We induced middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats using silicone-coated vascular embolus. We transplanted mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells after MCAO. Rats were tested behaviorally using motor and sensory function with neurological assessment. Functional effectiveness of the transplanted mES cells gradually improved the function of sensory and motor neurons. This study demonstrated that the transplanted cells have synaptic connection in the recipient brain. We suggest that stem cell transplantation can have a positive effect on behavioral recovery and reduction of infarct size in focal ischemic rats. Cell transplantation may induce certain functional recovery of the brain tissue by endogenous cell mediated effect. Our study suggests that intracerebrally injected mES cells survived and migrated into the infarct area from inoculation site and neuroglially differentiated in the ischemic brain area of adult rats. Therefore, mES cells may be a useful tool for the treatment in neurological diseases. In conclusion, cell transplantation therapy represents a novel approach that may enhance the efficacy and effectiveness of stem cell transplantation after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Hoon Lee
- Department of Emergency Medical Service, Namseoul University, Cheonan, Korea
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32
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Zhang X, Wang G, Dong F, Wang Z. Application of magnetic resonance imaging for monitoring stem cell transplantation for the treatment of cerebral ischemia. Neural Regen Res 2015; 7:1264-71. [PMID: 25709625 PMCID: PMC4336962 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.16.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To identify global research trends in the application of MRI for monitoring stem cell transplantation using a bibliometric analysis of Web of Science. DATA RETRIEVAL: We performed a bibliometric analysis of studies relating to the application of MRI for detecting stem cell transplantation for the treatment of cerebral ischemia using papers in Web of Science published from 2002 to 2011. SELECTION CRITERIA: The inclusion criteria were: (a) peer-reviewed articles on the application of MRI for detecting transplanted stem cells published and indexed in Web of Science; (b) year of publication between 2002 and 2011. Exclusion criteria were: (a) articles that required manual searching or telephone access; (b) some corrected papers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: (1) Annual publication output; (2) distribution according to journals; (3) distribution according to institution; (4) distribution according to country; (5) top cited authors over the last 10 years. RESULTS: A total of 1 498 studies related to the application of MRI for monitoring stem cell transplantation appeared in Web of Science from 2002 to 2011, almost half of which were derived from American authors and institutes. The number of studies on the application of MRI for detecting stem cell transplantation has gradually increased over the past 10 years. Most papers on this topic appeared in Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. CONCLUSION: This analysis suggests that few experimental studies have been investigated the use of MRI for tracking SPIO-labeled human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells during the treatment of cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglin Zhang
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Furen Dong
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhiming Wang
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, Liaoning Province, China
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33
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Detante O, Jaillard A, Moisan A, Barbieux M, Favre I, Garambois K, Hommel M, Remy C. Biotherapies in stroke. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2014; 170:779-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Chen BK, Staff NP, Knight AM, Nesbitt JJ, Butler GW, Padley DJ, Parisi JE, Dietz AB, Windebank AJ. A safety study on intrathecal delivery of autologous mesenchymal stromal cells in rabbits directly supporting Phase I human trials. Transfusion 2014; 55:1013-20. [PMID: 25413276 DOI: 10.1111/trf.12938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are no effective treatments that slow the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. A major challenge of treatment in neurodegenerative diseases is appropriate delivery of pharmaceuticals into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of affected individuals. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs-either naïve or modified) are a promising therapy in neurodegenerative diseases and may be delivered directly into the CSF where they can reside for months. In this preclinical study, we evaluated the safety of intrathecal autologous MSCs in a rabbit model. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Autologous adipose-derived MSCs (or artificial CSF) were delivered intrathecally, either with single or with repeated injections into the foramen magnum of healthy rabbits and monitored for 4 and 12 weeks, respectively. RESULTS Rabbits tolerated injections well and no definitive MSC-related side effects were observed apart from three rabbits that had delayed death secondary to traumatic foramen magnum puncture. Functional assessments and body weights were equivalent between groups. Gross pathology and histology did not reveal any abnormalities or tumor growth. Complete blood count data were normal and there were no differences in CSF interleukin-6 levels in all groups tested. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that intrathecal delivery of autologous MSCs is safe in a rabbit model. Data from this study have supported two successful investigational new drug applications to the Food and Drug Administration, resulting in the initiation of two clinical trials using autologous MSCs in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and multiple system atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingkun K Chen
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Nathan P Staff
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | | | - Greg W Butler
- Human Cell Therapy Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Douglas J Padley
- Human Cell Therapy Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Joseph E Parisi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Allan B Dietz
- Human Cell Therapy Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Xia L, Peng R, Leng W, Jia R, Zeng X, Yang X, Fan M. TRAIL-expressing gingival-derived mesenchymal stem cells inhibit tumorigenesis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma. J Dent Res 2014; 94:219-28. [PMID: 25391621 DOI: 10.1177/0022034514557815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent research has verified that mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) derived from bone marrow or adipose tissues can migrate toward a variety of tumors. In this study, we explored whether human gingival-derived MSCs (G-MSCs) can migrate toward tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) and evaluated the antitumor effect of engineered G-MSCs in expressing and delivering the tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). An in vitro cell migration assay with Transwell plates showed that human G-MSCs can migrate toward TSCC cell lines (Tca8113 and Cal27). Then, human G-MSCs, as a type of cell-based vehicle, were transduced with full-length TRAIL and enhanced green fluorescent protein reporter genes by the lentivirus (LV) system (G-MSCs with full-length TRAIL; G-MSCFLT). Tca8113 and Cal27 were co-cultured with G-MSCFLT, respectively, to evaluate the function of G-MSCFLT on tumor cells in vitro. This resulted in G-MSCFLT's inducing a great number of tumor cell necrosis and apoptosis. Meanwhile, in vivo antitumor assays were performed by administering G-MSCFLT to nude mice locally and systematically (mixed injection with tumor cells and tail vein injection). This showed that G-MSCFLT can reduce or even inhibit TSCC growth regardless of the method of administration, especially when the mixed injection of tumor cells and G-MSCFLT was at a ratio of 1:1, which showed no tumor formation. Furthermore, this verified that G-MSCFLT migrated toward TSCC in quantity. These data emphasize the effectiveness of G-MSCs as a vehicle for cell-based gene therapy and the antitumor activity of TRAIL-expressing G-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Xia
- The Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Hospital and School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - R Peng
- The Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Hospital and School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - W Leng
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - R Jia
- The Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Hospital and School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - X Zeng
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - X Yang
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - M Fan
- The Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Hospital and School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Sustained effect of bone marrow mononuclear cell therapy in axonal regeneration in a model of optic nerve crush. Brain Res 2014; 1587:54-68. [PMID: 25204691 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.08.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2013] [Revised: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In adult mammals, the regeneration of the optic nerve is very limited and at the moment there are several groups trying different approaches to increase retinal ganglion cell (RGC) survival and axonal outgrowth. One promising approach is cell therapy. In previous work, we performed intravitreal transplantation of bone-marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) after optic nerve crush in adult rats and we demonstrated an increase in RGC survival and axon outgrowth 14 days after injury. In the present work, we investigated if these results could be sustained for a longer period of time. Optic nerve crush was performed in Lister-hooded adult rats and BMMC or saline injections were performed shortly after injury. Neuronal survival and regeneration were evaluated in rats׳ retina and optic nerve after 28 days. We demonstrated an increase of 5.2 fold in the axon outgrowth 28 days after lesion, but the BMMCs had no effect on RGC survival. In an attempt to prolong RGC survival, we established a new protocol with two BMMC injections, the second one 7 days after the injury. Untreated animals received two injections of saline. We observed that although the axonal outgrowth was still increased after the second BMMC injection, the RGC survival was not significantly different from untreated animals. These results demonstrate that BMMCs transplantation promotes neuroregeneration at least until 28 days after injury. However, the effects on RGC survival previously observed by us at 14 days were not sustained at 28 days and could not be prolonged with a second dose of BMMC.
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Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells improve vascular regeneration and reduce leukocyte-endothelium activation in critical ischemic murine skin in a dose-dependent manner. Cytotherapy 2014; 16:1345-60. [PMID: 24972742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2014.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 04/26/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Stem cells participate in vascular regeneration following critical ischemia. However, their angiogenic and remodeling properties, as well as their role in ischemia-related endothelial leukocyte activation, need to be further elucidated. Herein, we investigated the effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) in a critically ischemic murine skin flap model. METHODS Groups received either 1 × 10(5), 5 × 10(5), or 1 × 10(6) BM-MSCs or cell-free conditioned medium (CM). Controls received sodium chloride. Intravital fluorescence microscopy was performed for morphological and quantitative assessment of micro-hemodynamic parameters over 12 days. RESULTS Tortuosity and diameter of conduit-arterioles were pronounced in the MSC groups (P < 0.01), whereas vasodilation was shifted to the end arteriolar level in the CM group (P < 0.01). These effects were accompanied by angiopoietin-2 expression. Functional capillary density and red blood cell velocity were enhanced in all treatment groups (P < 0.01). Although a significant reduction of rolling and sticking leukocytes was observed in the MSC groups with a reduction of diameter in postcapillary venules (P < 0.01), animals receiving CM exhibited a leukocyte-endothelium interaction similar to controls. This correlated with leukocyte common antigen expression in tissue sections (P < 0.01) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase expression from tissue samples. Cytokine analysis from BM-MSC culture medium revealed a 50% reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ) and chemokines (keratinocyte chemoattractant, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) under hypoxic conditions. DISCUSSION We demonstrated positive effects of BM-MSCs on vascular regeneration and modulation of endothelial leukocyte adhesion in critical ischemic skin. The improvements after MSC application were dose-dependent and superior to the use of CM alone.
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Yang Z, Zhu L, Li F, Wang J, Wan H, Pan Y. Bone marrow stromal cells as a therapeutic treatment for ischemic stroke. Neurosci Bull 2014; 30:524-34. [PMID: 24817388 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-013-1431-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia remains the most frequent cause of death and quality-of-life impairments due to neurological deficits, and accounts for the majority of total healthcare costs. However, treatments for cerebral ischemia are limited. Over the last decade, bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) therapy has emerged as a particularly appealing option, as it is possible to help patients even when initiated days or even weeks after the ischemic insult. BMSCs are a class of multipotent, self-renewing cells that give rise to differentiated progeny when implanted into appropriate tissues. Therapeutic effects of BMSC treatment for ischemic stroke, including sensory and motor recovery, have been reported in pre-clinical studies and clinical trials. In this article, we review the recent progress in BMSC-based therapy for ischemic stroke, focusing on the route of delivery and pre-processing of BMSCs. Selecting an optimal delivery route is of particular importance. The ideal approach, as well as the least risky, for translational applications still requires further identification. Appropriate preprocessing of BMSCs or combination therapy has the benefit of achieving the maximum possible restoration. Further pre-clinical studies are required to determine the time-window for transplantation and the appropriate dosage of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zizhen Yang
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital and Clinical College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
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Stem cell-based therapies for ischemic stroke. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:468748. [PMID: 24719869 PMCID: PMC3955655 DOI: 10.1155/2014/468748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, stem cell-based approaches have attracted more attention from scientists and clinicians due to their possible therapeutical effect on stroke. Animal studies have demonstrated that the beneficial effects of stem cells including embryonic stem cells (ESCs), inducible pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), neural stem cells (NSCs), and mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) might be due to cell replacement, neuroprotection, endogenous neurogenesis, angiogenesis, and modulation on inflammation and immune response. Although several clinical studies have shown the high efficiency and safety of stem cell in stroke management, mainly MSCs, some issues regarding to cell homing, survival, tracking, safety, and optimal cell transplantation protocol, such as cell dose and time window, should be addressed. Undoubtably, stem cell-based gene therapy represents a novel potential therapeutic strategy for stroke in future.
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Kamiya F, Ueda M, Nito C, Kamiya N, Inaba T, Suda S, Saito T, Muraga K, Katayama Y. Effect of repeated allogeneic bone marrow mononuclear cell transplantation on brain injury following transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Life Sci 2013; 95:22-8. [PMID: 24368140 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2013.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Transplantation of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMCs) exerts neuroprotection against cerebral ischemia. We examined the therapeutic timepoint of allogeneic BMMC transplantation in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia, and determined the effects of repeated transplantation outside the therapeutic window. MAIN METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 90 minute focal cerebral ischemia, followed by intravenous administration of 1 × 10(7) allogeneic BMMCs or vehicle at 0, 3 or 6 h after reperfusion or 2 × 10(7) BMMCs 6 h after reperfusion. Other rats administered 1 × 10(7) BMMCs at 6 h after reperfusion received additional BMMC transplantation or vehicle 9 h after reperfusion. Infarct volumes, neurological deficit scores and immunohistochemistry were evaluated 24 or 72 h after reperfusion. KEY FINDINGS Infarct volumes at 24 h were significantly decreased in transplantation rats at 0 and 3 h, but not at 6 h, after reperfusion, compared to vehicle-treatment. Even high dose BMMC transplantation at 6h after reperfusion was ineffective. Repeated BMMC transplantation at 6 and 9h after reperfusion reduced infarct volumes and significantly improved neurological deficit scores at 24 and 72 h. Immunohistochemistry showed repeated BMMC transplantation reduced ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine expression at 24 and 72 h after reperfusion. SIGNIFICANCE Intravenous allogeneic BMMCs were neuroprotective following transient focal cerebral ischemia, and the therapeutic time window of BMMC transplantation was >3 h and <6 h after reperfusion in this model. Repeated transplantation at 6 and 9 h after reperfusion suppressed inflammation and oxidative stress in ischemic brains, resulting in improved neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumio Kamiya
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Japan.
| | - Masayuki Ueda
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Japan.
| | - Chikako Nito
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kamiya
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Japan
| | - Toshiki Inaba
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Japan
| | - Satoshi Suda
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Japan
| | - Tomonari Saito
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Japan
| | - Kanako Muraga
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Japan
| | - Yasuo Katayama
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Japan
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Pischiutta F, D'Amico G, Dander E, Biondi A, Biagi E, Citerio G, De Simoni MG, Zanier ER. Immunosuppression does not affect human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell efficacy after transplantation in traumatized mice brain. Neuropharmacology 2013; 79:119-26. [PMID: 24246661 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 11/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The need for immunosuppression after allo/xenogenic mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) transplantation is debated. This study compared the long-term effects of human (h) bone marrow MSC transplant in immunocompetent or immunosuppressed traumatic brain injured (TBI) mice. C57Bl/6 male mice were subjected to TBI or sham surgery followed 24 h later by an intracerebroventricular infusion of phosphate buffer saline (PBS, control) or hMSC (150,000/5 μl). Immunocompetent and cyclosporin A immunosuppressed (CsA) mice were analyzed for gene expression at 72 h, functional deficits and histological analysis at five weeks. Gene expression analysis showed the effectiveness of immunosuppression (INFγ reduction in CsA treated groups), with no evidence of early rejection (no changes of MHCII and CD86 in all TBI groups) and selective induction of T-reg (increase of Foxp3) only in the TBI hMSC group. Five weeks after TBI, hMSC had comparable efficacy, with functional recovery (on both sensorimotor and cognitive deficits) and structural protection (contusion volume, vessel rescue effect, gliotic scar reduction, induction of neurogenesis) in immunosuppressed and immunocompetent mice. Therefore, long-term hMSC efficacy in TBI is not dependent on immunosuppressive treatment. These findings could have important clinical implication since immunosuppression in acute TBI patients may increase their risk of infection and not be tolerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pischiutta
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Department of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna D'Amico
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Clinica Pediatrica, Università Milano-Bicocca, Ospedale San Gerardo/Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Erica Dander
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Clinica Pediatrica, Università Milano-Bicocca, Ospedale San Gerardo/Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Andrea Biondi
- Centro Ricerca Tettamanti, Clinica Pediatrica, Università Milano-Bicocca, Ospedale San Gerardo/Fondazione MBBM, Monza, Italy
| | - Ettore Biagi
- Laboratory for Cell Therapy "Stefano Verri", Paediatric Department, University of Milano-Bicocca, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Citerio
- Neuroanesthesia and Neurointensive Care Unit, Department of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, San Gerardo Hospital, Monza, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia De Simoni
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Department of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy.
| | - Elisa R Zanier
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Department of Neuroscience, Milan, Italy
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Ruan GP, Han YB, Wang TH, Xing ZG, Zhu XB, Yao X, Ruan GH, Wang JX, Pang RQ, Cai XM, He J, Zhao J, Pan XH. Comparative study among three different methods of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation following cerebral infarction in rats. Neurol Res 2013; 35:212-20. [PMID: 23452580 DOI: 10.1179/1743132812y.0000000152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Ping Ruan
- Stem Cell Engineering Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, China
| | - Yi-Bing Han
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infants HospitalTongji University, China
| | - Ting-Hua Wang
- Institute of NeuroscienceKunming Medical University, China
| | - Zhi-Guo Xing
- Stem Cell Engineering Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, China
| | - Xing-Bao Zhu
- Stem Cell Engineering Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, China
| | - Xiang Yao
- Stem Cell Engineering Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, China
| | - Guang-Hong Ruan
- Stem Cell Engineering Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, China
| | - Jin-Xiang Wang
- Stem Cell Engineering Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, China
| | - Rong-Qing Pang
- Stem Cell Engineering Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, China
| | - Xue-Min Cai
- Stem Cell Engineering Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, China
| | - Jie He
- Stem Cell Engineering Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Stem Cell Engineering Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, China
| | - Xing-Hua Pan
- Stem Cell Engineering Laboratory of Yunnan Province, Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Command, China
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Burks SR, Ziadloo A, Kim SJ, Nguyen BA, Frank JA. Noninvasive pulsed focused ultrasound allows spatiotemporal control of targeted homing for multiple stem cell types in murine skeletal muscle and the magnitude of cell homing can be increased through repeated applications. Stem Cells 2013; 31:2551-60. [PMID: 23922277 PMCID: PMC3834159 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Revised: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells are promising therapeutics for cardiovascular diseases, and i.v. injection is the most desirable route of administration clinically. Subsequent homing of exogenous stem cells to pathological loci is frequently required for therapeutic efficacy and is mediated by chemoattractants (cell adhesion molecules, cytokines, and growth factors). Homing processes are inefficient and depend on short-lived pathological inflammation that limits the window of opportunity for cell injections. Noninvasive pulsed focused ultrasound (pFUS), which emphasizes mechanical ultrasound-tissue interactions, can be precisely targeted in the body and is a promising approach to target and maximize stem cell delivery by stimulating chemoattractant expression in pFUS-treated tissue prior to cell infusions. We demonstrate that pFUS is nondestructive to murine skeletal muscle tissue (no necrosis, hemorrhage, or muscle stem cell activation) and initiates a largely M2-type macrophage response. We also demonstrate that local upregulation of chemoattractants in pFUS-treated skeletal muscle leads to enhance homing, permeability, and retention of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and human endothelial precursor cells (EPC). Furthermore, the magnitude of MSC or EPC homing was increased when pFUS treatments and cell infusions were repeated daily. This study demonstrates that pFUS defines transient "molecular zip codes" of elevated chemoattractants in targeted muscle tissue, which effectively provides spatiotemporal control and tunability of the homing process for multiple stem cell types. pFUS is a clinically translatable modality that may ultimately improve homing efficiency and flexibility of cell therapies for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott R. Burks
- Frank Laboratory, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
- Imaging Sciences Training Program, Clinical Center and National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Ali Ziadloo
- Frank Laboratory, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Saejeong J. Kim
- Frank Laboratory, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Ben A. Nguyen
- Frank Laboratory, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Joseph A. Frank
- Frank Laboratory, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, Bethesda, MD 20892
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Nazarov C, Lo Surdo J, Bauer SR, Wei CH. Assessment of immunosuppressive activity of human mesenchymal stem cells using murine antigen specific CD4 and CD8 T cells in vitro. Stem Cell Res Ther 2013; 4:128. [PMID: 24406271 PMCID: PMC3854780 DOI: 10.1186/scrt339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have immunosuppressive activity. They do not induce allospecific T cell responses, making them promising tools for reducing the severity of graft versus host disease (GVHD) as well as treating various immune diseases. Currently, there is a need in the MSC field to develop a robust in vitro bioassay which can characterize the immunosuppressive function of MSCs. Methods Murine clonal CD4 and CD8 T cells were stimulated with cognate peptide antigen and antigen presenting cells (APCs) in the absence or presence of human MSCs, different aspects of T cell activation were monitored and analyzed using flow cytometery, real time RT-PCR and cytokine measurement. Results Human MSCs (hMSCs) can alter multiple aspects of murine T cell activation induced by stimulation with specific antigen, including: reduced proliferation, inhibited or stimulated cell surface marker expression (CD25, CD69, CD44 and CD62L), inhibited mRNA expression of transcription factors (T-bet and GATA-3) and decreased cytokine expression (interferon-gamma, interleukin-10). Disappearance of activation-induced cluster formation and decreased apoptosis of CD8 T cells were also observed. Moreover, the effects are specific to MSCs; incubating the T cells with non-MSC control cell lines had no effect on T cell proliferation and activation. Conclusions Clonal murine T cells can be used to measure, characterize, and quantify the in vitro immunosuppressive activity of human MSCs, representing a promising approach to improve bioassays for immunosuppression.
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Wan H, Li F, Zhu L, Wang J, Yang Z, Pan Y. Update on therapeutic mechanism for bone marrow stromal cells in ischemic stroke. J Mol Neurosci 2013; 52:177-85. [PMID: 24048741 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-013-0119-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the aged population, as well as a tremendous burden on the healthcare system. Despite timely treatment with thrombolysis and percutaneous intravascular interventions, many patients are often left with irreversible neurological deficits. Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), also referred to as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), are a type of nonhematopoietic stem cells which exists in bone marrow mesh, with the potential to self-renew. Unlike cells in the central nervous system, BMSCs differentiate not only into mesodermal cells, but also endodermal and ectodermal cells. Moreover, it has been reported that BMSCs develop into cells with neural and vascular markers and play a role in recovery from ischemic stroke. These findings have fuelled excitement in regenerative medicine for neurological diseases, especially for ischemic stroke. There is now preclinical evidence to suggest that BMSCs grafted into the brain of ischemic models abrogate neurological deficits. Based on the overwhelming evidence from animal studies as well as in clinical trials, BMSC transplantation is considered a promising strategy for treatment of ischemic stroke. The goal of this review is to present an integrated consideration of molecular mechanisms in a chronological fashion and discuss an optimal BMSC delivery route for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wan
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital and Clinical College, Harbin Medical University, Room 501, Building 3, 23 Youzheng, Harbin, 150001, China
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Glavaski-Joksimovic A, Bohn MC. Mesenchymal stem cells and neuroregeneration in Parkinson's disease. Exp Neurol 2013; 247:25-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2013.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Lin QM, Zhao S, Zhou LL, Fang XS, Fu Y, Huang ZT. Mesenchymal stem cells transplantation suppresses inflammatory responses in global cerebral ischemia: contribution of TNF-α-induced protein 6. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2013; 34:784-92. [PMID: 23474707 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2012.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation on rat global cerebral ischemia and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Adult male SD rats underwent asphxial cardiac arrest to induce global cerebral ischemia, then received intravenous injection of 5×10(6) cultured MSCs of SD rats at 2 h after resuscitation. In another group of cardiac arrest rats, tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein 6 (TSG-6, 6 μg) was injected into the right lateral ventricle. Functional outcome was assessed at 1, 3, and 7 d after resuscitation. Donor MSCs in the brains were detected at 3 d after resuscitation. The level of serum S-100B and proinflammatory cytokines in cerebral cortex were assayed using ELISA. The expression of TSG-6 and proinflammatory cytokines in cerebral cortex was assayed using RT-PCR. Western blot was performed to determine the levels of TSG-6 and neutrophil elastase in cerebral cortex. RESULTS MSCs transplantation significantly reduced serum S-100B level, and improved neurological function after global cerebral ischemia compared to the PBS-treated group. The MSCs injected migrated into the ischemic brains, and were observed mainly in the cerebral cortex. Furthermore, MSCs transplantation significantly increased the expression of TSG-6, and reduced the expression of neutrophil elastase and proinflammatory cytokines in the cerebral cortex. Intracerebroventricular injection of TSG-6 reproduced the beneficial effects of MSCs transplantation in rats with global cerebral ischemia. CONCLUSION MSCs transplantation improves functional recovery and reduces inflammatory responses in rats with global cerebral ischemia, maybe via upregulation of TSG-6 expression.
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Manley NC, Caso JR, Works MG, Cutler AB, Zemlyak I, Sun G, Munhoz CD, Chang S, Sorrells SF, Ermini FV, Decker JH, Bertrand AA, Dinkel KM, Steinberg GK, Sapolsky RM. Derivation of injury-responsive dendritic cells for acute brain targeting and therapeutic protein delivery in the stroke-injured rat. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61789. [PMID: 23613937 PMCID: PMC3627911 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Research with experimental stroke models has identified a wide range of therapeutic proteins that can prevent the brain damage caused by this form of acute neurological injury. Despite this, we do not yet have safe and effective ways to deliver therapeutic proteins to the injured brain, and this remains a major obstacle for clinical translation. Current targeted strategies typically involve invasive neurosurgery, whereas systemic approaches produce the undesirable outcome of non-specific protein delivery to the entire brain, rather than solely to the injury site. As a potential way to address this, we developed a protein delivery system modeled after the endogenous immune cell response to brain injury. Using ex-vivo-engineered dendritic cells (DCs), we find that these cells can transiently home to brain injury in a rat model of stroke with both temporal and spatial selectivity. We present a standardized method to derive injury-responsive DCs from bone marrow and show that injury targeting is dependent on culture conditions that maintain an immature DC phenotype. Further, we find evidence that when loaded with therapeutic cargo, cultured DCs can suppress initial neuron death caused by an ischemic injury. These results demonstrate a non-invasive method to target ischemic brain injury and may ultimately provide a way to selectively deliver therapeutic compounds to the injured brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan C Manley
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America.
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Dao M, Tate CC, McGrogan M, Case CC. Comparing the angiogenic potency of naïve marrow stromal cells and Notch-transfected marrow stromal cells. J Transl Med 2013; 11:81. [PMID: 23531336 PMCID: PMC3615967 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-11-81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Angiogenesis is a critical part of the endogenous repair process in brain injury and disease, and requires at least two sequential steps. First, angiogenic sprouting of endothelial cells occurs, which entails the initial proliferation of endothelial cells and remodeling of the surrounding extracellular matrix. Second, vessel stabilization is necessary to prevent vascular regression, which relies on vascular smooth muscle recruitment to surround the young vessels. Marrow stromal cells (MSCs) have been shown to promote revascularization after hindlimb ischemia, cardiac ischemia, and stroke. SB623 cells are derived from marrow stromal cells by transfection with a Notch1 intracellular domain (NICD)-expressing plasmid and are known to elicit functional improvement in experimental stroke. These cells are currently used in human clinical testing for treatment of chronic stroke. In the current study, the angiogenic property of SB623 cells was investigated using cell-based assays. Methods Angiogenic paracrine factors secreted by SB623 cells and the parental MSCs were identified using the Qantibody Human Angiogenesis Array. To measure the angiogenic activity of conditioned medium from SB623 cells and MSCs, endothelial tube formation in the human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) assay and endothelial cell sprouting and branching in the rodent aortic ring assay were quantified. To validate the angiogenic contribution of VEGF in conditioned medium, endothelial cells and aortic rings were treated with SU5416, which inhibits VEGFR2 at low dose. Results Conditioned medium from SB623 cells promoted survival and proliferation of endothelial cells under serum-deprived conditions and supports HUVEC vascular tube formation. In a rodent aortic ring assay, there was enhanced endothelial sprouting and branching in response to SB623-derived conditioned medium. SU5416 treatment partially reversed the effect of conditioned medium on endothelial cell survival and proliferation while completely abrogate HUVEC tube formation and endothelial cell sprouting and branching in aortic ring assays. Conclusions These data indicate that SB623 cell-secreted angiogenic factors promoted several aspects of angiogenesis, which likely contribute to promoting recovery in the injured brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Dao
- SanBio Inc. , 231 South Whisman Road, Mountain View, CA, USA
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Rosenberg JT, Sellgren KL, Sachi-Kocher A, Calixto Bejarano F, Baird MA, Davidson MW, Ma T, Grant SC. Magnetic resonance contrast and biological effects of intracellular superparamagnetic iron oxides on human mesenchymal stem cells with long-term culture and hypoxic exposure. Cytotherapy 2013; 15:307-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2012.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Revised: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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