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Nirogi R, Mohammed AR, Shinde AK, Gagginapally SR, Kancharla DM, Ravella SR, Bogaraju N, Middekadi VR, Subramanian R, Palacharla RC, Benade V, Muddana N, Abraham R, Medapati RB, Thentu JB, Mekala VR, Petlu S, Lingavarapu BB, Yarra S, Kagita N, Goyal VK, Pandey SK, Jasti V. Discovery and Preclinical Characterization of Usmarapride (SUVN-D4010): A Potent, Selective 5-HT 4 Receptor Partial Agonist for the Treatment of Cognitive Deficits Associated with Alzheimer's Disease. J Med Chem 2021; 64:10641-10665. [PMID: 34251799 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of oxadiazole derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as 5-hydroxytryptamine-4 receptor (5-HT4R) partial agonists for the treatment of cognitive deficits associated with Alzheimer's disease. Starting from a reported 5-HT4R antagonist, a systematic structure-activity relationship was conducted, which led to the discovery of potent and selective 5-HT4R partial agonist 1-isopropyl-3-{5-[1-(3-methoxypropyl) piperidin-4-yl]-[1,3,4]oxadiazol-2-yl}-1H-indazole oxalate (Usmarapride, 12l). It showed balanced physicochemical-pharmacokinetic properties with robust nonclinical efficacy in cognition models. It also showed disease-modifying potential, as it increased neuroprotective soluble amyloid precursor protein alpha levels, and dose-dependent target engagement and correlation of efficacy with oral exposures. Phase 1 clinical studies have been completed and projected efficacious concentration was achieved without any major safety concerns. Phase 2 enabling long-term safety studies have been completed with no concerns for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramakrishna Nirogi
- Suven Life Sciences Limited, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Abdul Rasheed Mohammed
- Suven Life Sciences Limited, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Anil Karbhari Shinde
- Suven Life Sciences Limited, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | | | | | - Srinivasa Rao Ravella
- Suven Life Sciences Limited, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Narsimha Bogaraju
- Suven Life Sciences Limited, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Vanaja Reddy Middekadi
- Suven Life Sciences Limited, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Ramkumar Subramanian
- Suven Life Sciences Limited, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | | | - Vijay Benade
- Suven Life Sciences Limited, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Nageswararao Muddana
- Suven Life Sciences Limited, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Renny Abraham
- Suven Life Sciences Limited, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Rajesh Babu Medapati
- Suven Life Sciences Limited, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Jagadeesh Babu Thentu
- Suven Life Sciences Limited, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Venkat Reddy Mekala
- Suven Life Sciences Limited, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Surendra Petlu
- Suven Life Sciences Limited, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Bujji Babu Lingavarapu
- Suven Life Sciences Limited, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Sivasekhar Yarra
- Suven Life Sciences Limited, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Narendra Kagita
- Suven Life Sciences Limited, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Vinod Kumar Goyal
- Suven Life Sciences Limited, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Pandey
- Suven Life Sciences Limited, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
| | - Venkat Jasti
- Suven Life Sciences Limited, Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500 034, India
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Song Q, Bolsius YG, Ronzoni G, Henckens MJAG, Roozendaal B. Noradrenergic enhancement of object recognition and object location memory in mice. Stress 2021; 24:181-188. [PMID: 32233890 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2020.1747427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive evidence indicates that noradrenergic activation is essentially involved in mediating the enhancing effects of emotional arousal on memory consolidation. Our current understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the memory-modulatory effects of the noradrenergic system is primarily based on pharmacological studies in rats, employing targeted administration of noradrenergic drugs into specific brain regions. However, the further delineation of the specific neural circuitry involved would benefit from experimental tools that are currently more readily available in mice. Previous studies have not, as yet, investigated the effect of noradrenergic enhancement of memory in mice, which show different cognitive abilities and higher endogenous arousal levels induced by a training experience compared to rats. In the present study, we investigated the effect of posttraining noradrenergic activation in male C57BL/6J mice on the consolidation of object recognition and object location memory. We found that the noradrenergic stimulant yohimbine (0.3 or 1.0 mg/kg) administered systemically immediately after an object training experience dose-dependently enhanced 24-h memory of both the identity and location of the object. Thus, these findings indicate that noradrenergic activation also enhances memory consolidation processes in mice, paving the way for a systematic investigation of the neural circuitry underlying these emotional arousal effects on memory.LAY SUMMARY: The current study successfully validated the effect of noradrenergic activation on both object recognition and object location memory in mice. This study thereby provides a fundamental proof-of-principle for the investigation of the neural circuitry underlying noradrenergic and arousal effects on long-term memory in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Song
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Youri G Bolsius
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Giacomo Ronzoni
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marloes J A G Henckens
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Benno Roozendaal
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Rossi Daré L, Garcia A, Neves BH, Mello-Carpes PB. One physical exercise session promotes recognition learning in rats with cognitive deficits related to amyloid beta neurotoxicity. Brain Res 2020; 1744:146918. [PMID: 32485172 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.146918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative pathological process that causes memory loss and cognitive impairment. One of the pathological characteristics of Alzheimer's disease is the amyloid-β protein aggregation on the brain. The regular practice of physical exercise is a consolidated strategy on the prevention of cognitive deficits; however, little is known about the effects of acute exercise on memory. We hypothesize that one physical exercise session could act as a modulator of learning. Here we investigated the effects of one single session of running (aerobic) or strength (anaerobic) exercise on memory deficits related to neurotoxicity induced by amyloid-β. Male Wistar rats were submitted to stereotaxic surgery to intrahippocampal infusion of amyloid-β protein or saline (control). Ten days after the surgery the rats were submitted to the object recognition (OR) memory task. Immediately after the OR learning session, some rats were submitted to one treadmill running or strength exercise session. Then, the animals were submitted to memory tests 24 h, 7, and 14 days after the OR learning. We demonstrated that one physical exercise session, both aerobic as anaerobic, performed after learning improves learning and memory, promoting memory persistence in control rats and memory consolidation in rats submitted to amyloid-β neurotoxicity model. Notably, the effects of the aerobic exercise session seem to be more prominent, since they also reflect in an improvement of object discrimination index for 7 days in control animals. We verified that the mechanisms involved in the effects of aerobic exercise include the dopaminergic system activation. The mechanisms involved in the anaerobic exercise effects seem to be others since no alterations on hippocampal dopamine or noradrenaline levels were detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Rossi Daré
- Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Garcia
- Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Ben-Hur Neves
- Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Pâmela B Mello-Carpes
- Physiology Research Group, Stress, Memory and Behavior Lab, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil.
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Vargas LS, Ramires Lima K, Piaia Ramborger B, Roehrs R, Izquierdo I, Mello-Carpes PB. Catecholaminergic hippocampal activation is necessary for object recognition memory persistence induced by one-single physical exercise session. Behav Brain Res 2019; 379:112356. [PMID: 31730785 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Previously we demonstrated that a single physical exercise session promotes the persistence of object recognition (OR) memory and this effect involves the activation of the noradrenergic system. Here, using adult male Wistar rats (3 months old) we confirm that an aerobic single physical exercise session (30 min of treadmill running at an intensity of 60-70 % of indirect VO2 max.) after OR learning promotes memory persistence. We also demonstrate that this effect involves the dopaminergic system, since it is blocked when a D1-family receptor antagonist (SCH-23390, 1μg/μl) is infused into the hippocampus after the physical exercise session. Additionally, through HPLC experiments we demonstrate that a physical exercise session increases the hippocampal dopamine levels. Taken together, our results demonstrate that acute post-learning physical exercise is able to promote the persistence of OR memory, inducing the release of dopamine in hippocampus, which is necessary for the modulation of memory persistence. This work brings new evidences on the benefit of a single physical exercise session to memory, as well as suggests that catecholaminergic mechanisms are behind this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liane S Vargas
- Physiology Research Group, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Karine Ramires Lima
- Physiology Research Group, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Bruna Piaia Ramborger
- Interdisciplinary Group of Research in Teaching Practice, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Roehrs
- Interdisciplinary Group of Research in Teaching Practice, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Iván Izquierdo
- Memory Center, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; National Institute of Translational Neuroscience/CNPq, Brazil
| | - Pâmela B Mello-Carpes
- Physiology Research Group, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Physiology Research Group, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil.
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Nirogi R, Mohammed AR, Shinde AK, Gagginapally SR, Kancharla DM, Middekadi VR, Bogaraju N, Ravella SR, Singh P, Birangal SR, Subramanian R, Palacharla RC, Benade V, Muddana N, Jayarajan P. Synthesis, Structure-Activity Relationships, and Preclinical Evaluation of Heteroaromatic Amides and 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives as 5-HT 4 Receptor Partial Agonists. J Med Chem 2018; 61:4993-5008. [PMID: 29763304 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that has a higher prevalence and incidence in people older than 60 years. The need for improved AD therapies is unmet as the current therapies are symptomatic with modest efficacy. Partial agonists of the 5-HT4 receptor (5-HT4R) offer both symptomatic and disease-modifying treatments as they shift amyloid-precursor-protein (APP) processing from the amyloidogenic pathway to the nonamyloidogenic pathway by activating the α-secretase enzyme. In addition, they also offer symptomatic treatment by increasing levels of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the brain. Because of this fascinating dual mechanism of action, several chemical scaffolds having 5-HT4R pharmacophores were designed and evaluated. Most of the synthesized compounds showed potent in vitro affinities and in vivo efficacies. Upon analysis of focused structure-activity relationships, compound 4o was identified as a potent 5-HT4R partial agonist with favorable ADME properties and good in vivo efficacy. GR-125487, a selective 5-HT4R antagonist, attenuated the activity of compound 4o in the novel-object-recognition-test cognition model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramakrishna Nirogi
- Discovery Research , Suven Life Sciences Limited , Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills , Hyderabad 500 034 , India
| | - Abdul Rasheed Mohammed
- Discovery Research , Suven Life Sciences Limited , Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills , Hyderabad 500 034 , India
| | - Anil K Shinde
- Discovery Research , Suven Life Sciences Limited , Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills , Hyderabad 500 034 , India
| | - Shankar Reddy Gagginapally
- Discovery Research , Suven Life Sciences Limited , Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills , Hyderabad 500 034 , India
| | - Durga Malleshwari Kancharla
- Discovery Research , Suven Life Sciences Limited , Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills , Hyderabad 500 034 , India
| | - Vanaja Reddy Middekadi
- Discovery Research , Suven Life Sciences Limited , Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills , Hyderabad 500 034 , India
| | - Narsimha Bogaraju
- Discovery Research , Suven Life Sciences Limited , Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills , Hyderabad 500 034 , India
| | - Srinivasa Rao Ravella
- Discovery Research , Suven Life Sciences Limited , Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills , Hyderabad 500 034 , India
| | - Pooja Singh
- Discovery Research , Suven Life Sciences Limited , Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills , Hyderabad 500 034 , India
| | - Sumit Raosaheb Birangal
- Discovery Research , Suven Life Sciences Limited , Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills , Hyderabad 500 034 , India
| | - Ramkumar Subramanian
- Discovery Research , Suven Life Sciences Limited , Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills , Hyderabad 500 034 , India
| | - Raghava Choudary Palacharla
- Discovery Research , Suven Life Sciences Limited , Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills , Hyderabad 500 034 , India
| | - Vijay Benade
- Discovery Research , Suven Life Sciences Limited , Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills , Hyderabad 500 034 , India
| | - Nageswararao Muddana
- Discovery Research , Suven Life Sciences Limited , Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills , Hyderabad 500 034 , India
| | - Pradeep Jayarajan
- Discovery Research , Suven Life Sciences Limited , Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills , Hyderabad 500 034 , India
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Xiao LY, Wang XR, Yang JW, Ye Y, Zhu W, Cao Y, Ma SM, Liu CZ. Acupuncture Prevents the Impairment of Hippocampal LTP Through β1-AR in Vascular Dementia Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:7677-7690. [PMID: 29435917 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-0943-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It is widely accepted that the synaptic dysfunction and synapse loss contribute to the cognitive deficits of vascular dementia (VD) patients. We have previously reported that acupuncture improved cognitive function in rats with VD. However, the mechanisms involved in acupuncture improving cognitive ability remain to be elucidated. The present study aims to investigate the pathways and molecules involved in the neuroprotective effect of acupuncture. We assessed the effects of acupuncture on hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), the most prominent cellular model of memory formation. Acupuncture enhanced LTP and norepinephrine (NE) levels in the hippocampus. Inhibition of the β-adrenergic receptor (AR), but not the α-AR, was able to block the effects of acupuncture on hippocampal LTP. Furthermore, inhibition of β1-AR, not β2-AR, abolished the enhanced LTP induced by acupuncture. The expression analysis revealed a significant upregulation of β1-AR and unchanged β2-AR with acupuncture, which supported the above findings. Specifically, increased β1-ARs in the dentate gyrus were expressed on neurons exclusively. Taken together, the present data supports a beneficial role of acupuncture in synaptic plasticity challenged with VD. A likely mechanism is the increase of NE and activation of β1-AR in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yong Xiao
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Capital Medical University, 23 Meishuguanhou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China.,Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 6 Fangxingyuan 1st Block, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100078, China
| | - Xue-Rui Wang
- Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Capital Medical University, 23 Meishuguanhou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Wen Yang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Capital Medical University, 23 Meishuguanhou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Ye
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 6 Fangxingyuan 1st Block, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100078, China
| | - Wen Zhu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Capital Medical University, 23 Meishuguanhou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Cao
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Capital Medical University, 23 Meishuguanhou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Si-Ming Ma
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Capital Medical University, 23 Meishuguanhou Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Cun-Zhi Liu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 6 Fangxingyuan 1st Block, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100078, China.
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One-single physical exercise session after object recognition learning promotes memory persistence through hippocampal noradrenergic mechanisms. Behav Brain Res 2017; 329:120-126. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Lopes LT, Patrone LGA, Li KY, Imber AN, Graham CD, Gargaglioni LH, Putnam RW. Anatomical and functional connections between the locus coeruleus and the nucleus tractus solitarius in neonatal rats. Neuroscience 2016; 324:446-68. [PMID: 27001176 PMCID: PMC4841468 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate brain connections among chemosensitive areas in newborn rats. Rhodamine beads were injected unilaterally into the locus coeruleus (LC) or into the caudal part of the nucleus tractus solitarius (cNTS) in Sprague-Dawley rat pups (P7-P10). Rhodamine-labeled neurons were patched in brainstem slices to study their electrophysiological responses to hypercapnia and to determine if chemosensitive neurons are communicating between LC and cNTS regions. After 7-10 days, retrograde labeling was observed in numerous areas of the brainstem, including many chemosensitive regions, such as the contralateral LC, cNTS and medullary raphe. Whole-cell patch clamp was done in cNTS. In 4 of 5 retrogradely labeled cNTS neurons that projected to the LC, firing rate increased in response to hypercapnic acidosis (15% CO2), even in synaptic blockade medium (SNB) (high Mg(2+)/low Ca(2+)). In contrast, 2 of 3 retrogradely labeled LC neurons that projected to cNTS had reduced firing rate in response to hypercapnic acidosis, both in the presence and absence of SNB. Extensive anatomical connections among chemosensitive brainstem regions in newborn rats were found and at least for the LC and cNTS, the connections involve some CO2-sensitive neurons. Such anatomical and functional coupling suggests a complex central respiratory control network, such as seen in adult rats, is already largely present in neonatal rats by at least day P7-P10. Since the NTS and the LC play a major role in memory consolidation, our results may also contribute to the understanding of the development of memory consolidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L T Lopes
- Dept of Animal Morphology and Physiology. São Paulo State University, FCAV, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - L G A Patrone
- Dept of Animal Morphology and Physiology. São Paulo State University, FCAV, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - K-Y Li
- Dept of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Physiology, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - A N Imber
- Dept of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Physiology, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - C D Graham
- Dept of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Physiology, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - L H Gargaglioni
- Dept of Animal Morphology and Physiology. São Paulo State University, FCAV, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - R W Putnam
- Dept of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and Physiology, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA.
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The effects of prolonged administration of norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors on long-term potentiation in dentate gyrus, and on tests of spatial and object recognition memory in rats. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2016; 128:92-102. [PMID: 26774023 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Phasic norepinephrine (NE) release events are involved in arousal, novelty detection and in plasticity processes underlying learning and memory in mammalian systems. Although the effects of phasic NE release events on plasticity and memory are prevalently documented, it is less understood what effects chronic NE reuptake inhibition and sustained increases in noradrenergic tone, might have on plasticity and cognitive processes in rodent models of learning and memory. This study investigates the effects of chronic NE reuptake inhibition on hippocampal plasticity and memory in rats. Rats were administered NE reuptake inhibitors (NRIs) desipramine (DMI; 0, 3, or 7.5mg/kg/day) or nortriptyline (NTP; 0, 10 or 20mg/kg/day) in drinking water. Long-term potentiation (LTP; 200 Hz) of the perforant path-dentate gyrus evoked potential was examined in urethane anesthetized rats after 30-32 days of DMI treatment. Short- (4-h) and long-term (24-h) spatial memory was tested in separate rats administered 0 or 7.5mg/kg/day DMI (25-30 days) using a two-trial spatial memory test. Additionally, the effects of chronically administered DMI and NTP were tested in rats using a two-trial, Object Recognition Test (ORT) at 2- and 24-h after 45 and 60 days of drug administration. Rats administered 3 or 7.5mg/kg/day DMI had attenuated LTP of the EPSP slope but not the population spike at the perforant path-dentate gyrus synapse. Short- and long-term memory for objects is differentially disrupted in rats after prolonged administration of DMI and NTP. Rats that were administered 7.5mg/kg/day DMI showed decreased memory for a two-trial spatial task when tested at 4-h. In the novel ORT, rats receiving 0 or 7.5mg/kg/day DMI showed a preference for the arm containing a Novel object when tested at both 2- and 24-h demonstrating both short- and long-term memory retention of the Familiar object. Rats that received either dose of NTP or 3mg/kg/day DMI showed impaired memory at 2-h, however this impairment was largely reversed at 24-h. Animals in the high-dose NTP (20mg/kg/day) group were impaired at both short- and long-term intervals. Activity levels, used as an index of location memory during the ORT, demonstrated that rats receiving DMI were again impaired at retaining memory for location. DMI dose-dependently disrupts LTP in the dentate gyrus of anesthetized rats and also disrupts memory for tests of spatial memory when administered for long periods.
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Mello-Carpes PB, da Silva de Vargas L, Gayer MC, Roehrs R, Izquierdo I. Hippocampal noradrenergic activation is necessary for object recognition memory consolidation and can promote BDNF increase and memory persistence. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2015; 127:84-92. [PMID: 26691781 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2015.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Previously we showed that activation of the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract (NTS)-Nucleus Paragigantocellularis (PGi)-Locus coeruleus (LC) pathway, which theoretically culminates with norepinephrine (NE) release in dorsal hippocampus (CA1 region) and basolateral amygdala (BLA) is necessary for the consolidation of object recognition (OR) memory. Here we show that, while the microinjection of the beta-noradrenergic receptor blocker timolol into CA1 impairs OR memory consolidation, the microinjection of norepinephrine (NE) promotes the persistence of this type of memory. Further, we show that OR consolidation is attended by an increase of norepinephrine (NE) levels and of the expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in hippocampus, which are impaired by inactivation of the NTS-PGi-LC pathway by the infusion of muscimol into the NTS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mateus Cristofari Gayer
- Grupo Interdisciplinar de Pesquisa em Prática de Ensino, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Roehrs
- Grupo Interdisciplinar de Pesquisa em Prática de Ensino, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Ivan Izquierdo
- Centro de Memória, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Neurociência Translacional/CNPq, Brazil.
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Nirogi R, Mohammed AR, Shinde AK, Bogaraju N, Gagginapalli SR, Ravella SR, Kota L, Bhyrapuneni G, Muddana NR, Benade V, Palacharla RC, Jayarajan P, Subramanian R, Goyal VK. Synthesis and SAR of Imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine derivatives as 5-HT4 receptor partial agonists for the treatment of cognitive disorders associated with Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 103:289-301. [PMID: 26363507 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease which has a higher prevalence and incidence in older people. The need for improved AD therapies is unmet. The 5-hydroxytryptamine4 receptor (5-HT4R) partial agonists may be of benefit for both the symptomatic and disease-modifying treatment of cognitive disorders associated with AD. Herein, we report the design, synthesis and SAR of imidazo[1,5-a] pyridine derivatives as 5-HT4R partial agonists. The focused SAR, optimization of ADME properties resulted the discovery of compound 5a as potent, selective, brain penetrant 5-HT4 partial agonist as a lead compound with good ADME properties and efficacy in both symptomatic and disease modifying animal models of cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramakrishna Nirogi
- Discovery Research, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500 034, India.
| | - Abdul Rasheed Mohammed
- Discovery Research, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500 034, India
| | - Anil K Shinde
- Discovery Research, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500 034, India
| | - Narsimha Bogaraju
- Discovery Research, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500 034, India
| | - Shankar Reddy Gagginapalli
- Discovery Research, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500 034, India
| | - Srinivasa Rao Ravella
- Discovery Research, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500 034, India
| | - Laxman Kota
- Discovery Research, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500 034, India
| | - Gopinadh Bhyrapuneni
- Discovery Research, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500 034, India
| | - Nageswara Rao Muddana
- Discovery Research, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500 034, India
| | - Vijay Benade
- Discovery Research, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500 034, India
| | - Raghava Chowdary Palacharla
- Discovery Research, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500 034, India
| | - Pradeep Jayarajan
- Discovery Research, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500 034, India
| | - Ramkumar Subramanian
- Discovery Research, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500 034, India
| | - Vinod Kumar Goyal
- Discovery Research, Suven Life Sciences Ltd., Serene Chambers, Road-5, Avenue-7, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad, 500 034, India
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Hippocampal and prefrontal dopamine D1/5 receptor involvement in the memory-enhancing effect of reboxetine. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2013; 16:2041-51. [PMID: 23672849 DOI: 10.1017/s1461145713000370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine modulates cognitive functions through regulation of synaptic transmission and plasticity in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC). Thus, dopamine dysfunction in depression may be particularly relevant for the cognitive symptoms. The norepinephrine transporter inhibitor reboxetine facilitates memory processing in both healthy volunteers and in depressed patients and increases dopamine release in both the hippocampus and PFC. We investigated the potential involvement of the hippocampal and PFC dopamine D1/5 receptors in the cognitive effects of reboxetine using the object recognition test in rats. Infusion of the D1/5 antagonist SCH23390 into the dorsal hippocampus or medial PFC prior to the exploration of the objects impaired memory. Conversely, infusion of the D1/5 agonist SKF81297 into the dorsal hippocampus or medial PFC facilitated memory. Reboxetine similarly facilitated recognition memory in healthy rats and the D1/5 antagonist SCH23390 reversed this effect when infused into the dorsal PFC, but not when infused into the hippocampus. Moreover, systemic reboxetine increased the levels of the NMDA subunit GluN2A in the PFC but not in the hippocampus. Finally, we demonstrate that a single dose of reboxetine does not affect immobility in the forced swim test but improves recognition memory in the Flinders sensitive line (FSL) rat model for depression. The present data in rats are in line with effects of reboxetine on memory formation in healthy volunteers and depressed patients and indicate the involvement of PFC dopamine D1/5 receptors.
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Potential effects of yohimbine and sildenafil on erectile dysfunction in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 700:127-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2012] [Revised: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kawai H, Ishibashi T, Kudo N, Kawashima Y, Mitsumoto A. Behavioral and biochemical characterization of rats treated chronically with thioacetamide: proposal of an animal model for hepatic encephalopathy associated with cirrhosis. J Toxicol Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.2131/jts.37.1165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kawai
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University
| | - Takuya Ishibashi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University
| | - Naomi Kudo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
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