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Pei H, He Z, Du R, Yang Y, Wu S, Li W, Sheng J, Han C. Polypeptide-PNP2 in Corn Cervi Pantotrichum Ameliorates Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer's Disease Mice by Inhibiting Microglial Cell Activation. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04300-7. [PMID: 38884701 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04300-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
We isolated a polypeptide PNP2 from Corn Cervi Pantotrichum and investigated its effect and mechanism on cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease (AD) mice. Morris water maze was used to assess the degree of cognitive impairment in mice. Histopathological changes were detected by H&E staining; the expressions of inflammatory cytokines were assayed by ELISA. Western blotting was employed to detect the protein expressions. PNP2 could improve cognitive impairment, central inflammatory response, and NLRP3 signaling in AD mice. In vitro experiments revealed that PNP2 could suppress the inflammatory response of microglial cells and reduce the activation of NLRP3 in microglial cells, while MCC950 could antagonize the effects of PNP2. Polypeptide component PNP2 in Corn Cervi Pantotrichum can ameliorate central nervous inflammation and cognitive impairment in AD mice by suppressing NLRP3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Pei
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Zhongmie He
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Rui Du
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Shasha Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Wenyan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Jian Sheng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Chenyang Han
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314001, China.
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Arozal W, Purwoningsih E, Lee HJ, Barinda AJ, Munim A. Effects of Moringa oleifera in Two Independents Formulation and as Neuroprotective Agent Against Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment in Mice. Front Nutr 2022; 9:799127. [PMID: 35299766 PMCID: PMC8922057 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.799127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The cognitive deficit has frequently been found in the elderly population. Several studies have shown that every single part of Moringa oleifera, including leaves, roots, and seeds, has abundant micronutrients, such as flavonoids, which improve the neurobehavioral capacity. However, herb parts that display optimal neuropharmacological properties remain unknown. Objective We investigate whether M. oleifera seed oil (MOO) or aqueous M. oleifera leaves extracts (MOEs) may ameliorate memory impairment in mice induced with scopolamine (Sco). Additionally, the phytochemical analyses of those two independent formulations were analyzed. Methods In this study, 2 ml/kg body weight (BW) of MOO and 500 mg/kg BW of MOE were orally administered to the mice for 28 days, followed by intraperitoneal injection of Sco (1 mg/kg) at the day 22–28 to induce cognitive impairment in those mice. Results The Sco group showed memory retention impairment represented by the Y-maze and novel object recognition tests, significant enhancement of acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity in hippocampus tissue (p < 0.0001), and increased the level of total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) in serum. Interestingly, the Sco-induced memory defect was improved and completely blunted the AChE exacerbation in Sco+MOO-treated mice (p < 0.0001), although the TAOC level was comparable among the groups. Mechanistically, both tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), as a brain-derived neurotrophic factor-receptor, and nuclear factor-kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) protein expressions were enhanced with the hippocampus isolated from the Sco group. Nonetheless, pretreatment with MOO only, but not with MOE, ameliorated the enhanced protein expression levels of TrkB and NF-κB (p < 0.05 and p = 0.09, respectively). Conclusion Our data reveal that MOO is preferable to MOE as a neuroprotective as evidenced by improving memory impairment. This effect, at least in part, through inhibiting the AChE and NF-κB activities and modulating the TrkB expression level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wawaimuli Arozal
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- *Correspondence: Wawaimuli Arozal ;
| | - Emni Purwoningsih
- Doctoral Program in Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia
| | - Hee Jae Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Agian Jeffilano Barinda
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
- Metabolic disorder, Cardiovascular, and Aging Cluster, Faculty of Medicine, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Abdul Munim
- Department of Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
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Liu EYL, Mak S, Kong X, Xia Y, Kwan KKL, Xu ML, Tsim KWK. Tacrine Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum-Stressed Apoptosis via Disrupting the Proper Assembly of Oligomeric Acetylcholinesterase in Cultured Neuronal Cells. Mol Pharmacol 2021; 100:456-469. [PMID: 34531295 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.121.000269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs), the most developed treatment strategies for Alzheimer's disease (AD), will be used in clinic for, at least, the next decades. Their side effects are in highly variable from drug to drug with mechanisms remaining to be fully established. The withdrawal of tacrine (Cognex) in the market makes it as an interesting case study. Here, we found tacrine could disrupt the proper trafficking of proline-rich membrane anchor-linked tetrameric acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). The exposure of tacrine in cells expressing AChE, e.g., neurons, caused an accumulation of the misfolded AChE in the ER. This misfolded enzyme was not able to transport to the Golgi/plasma membrane, which subsequently induced ER stress and its downstream signaling cascade of unfolded protein response. Once the stress was overwhelming, the cooperation of ER with mitochondria increased the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. Eventually, the tacrine-exposed cells lost homeostasis and underwent apoptosis. The ER stress and apoptosis, induced by tacrine, were proportional to the amount of AChE. Other AChEIs (rivastigmine, bis(3)-cognitin, daurisoline, and dauricine) could cause the same problem as tacrine by inducing ER stress in neuronal cells. The results provide guidance for the drug design and discovery of AChEIs for AD treatment. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) are the most developed treatment strategies for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and will be used in clinic for at least the next decades. This study reports that tacrine and other AChEIs disrupt the proper trafficking of acetylcholinesterase in the endoplasmic reticulum. Eventually, the apoptosis of neurons and other cells are induced. The results provide guidance for drug design and discovery of AChEIs for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etta Y L Liu
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China (E.Y.L.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Chinese Medicine Master Studio of Wang Shimin, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, China (X.K.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, SRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen, China (S.M., X.K., Y.X., K.K.L.K., M.L.X., K.W.K.T.); and Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China (E.Y.L.L., S.M., Y.X., K.K.L.K., M.L.X., K.W.K.T.)
| | - Shinghung Mak
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China (E.Y.L.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Chinese Medicine Master Studio of Wang Shimin, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, China (X.K.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, SRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen, China (S.M., X.K., Y.X., K.K.L.K., M.L.X., K.W.K.T.); and Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China (E.Y.L.L., S.M., Y.X., K.K.L.K., M.L.X., K.W.K.T.)
| | - Xiangpeng Kong
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China (E.Y.L.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Chinese Medicine Master Studio of Wang Shimin, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, China (X.K.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, SRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen, China (S.M., X.K., Y.X., K.K.L.K., M.L.X., K.W.K.T.); and Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China (E.Y.L.L., S.M., Y.X., K.K.L.K., M.L.X., K.W.K.T.)
| | - Yingjie Xia
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China (E.Y.L.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Chinese Medicine Master Studio of Wang Shimin, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, China (X.K.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, SRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen, China (S.M., X.K., Y.X., K.K.L.K., M.L.X., K.W.K.T.); and Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China (E.Y.L.L., S.M., Y.X., K.K.L.K., M.L.X., K.W.K.T.)
| | - Kenneth K L Kwan
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China (E.Y.L.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Chinese Medicine Master Studio of Wang Shimin, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, China (X.K.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, SRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen, China (S.M., X.K., Y.X., K.K.L.K., M.L.X., K.W.K.T.); and Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China (E.Y.L.L., S.M., Y.X., K.K.L.K., M.L.X., K.W.K.T.)
| | - Miranda L Xu
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China (E.Y.L.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Chinese Medicine Master Studio of Wang Shimin, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, China (X.K.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, SRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen, China (S.M., X.K., Y.X., K.K.L.K., M.L.X., K.W.K.T.); and Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China (E.Y.L.L., S.M., Y.X., K.K.L.K., M.L.X., K.W.K.T.)
| | - Karl W K Tsim
- Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety of Guangdong Province, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China (E.Y.L.L.); Institute of Pharmaceutical & Food Engineering, Chinese Medicine Master Studio of Wang Shimin, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, China (X.K.); Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, SRI, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen, China (S.M., X.K., Y.X., K.K.L.K., M.L.X., K.W.K.T.); and Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China (E.Y.L.L., S.M., Y.X., K.K.L.K., M.L.X., K.W.K.T.)
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Mak S, Li W, Fu H, Luo J, Cui W, Hu S, Pang Y, Carlier PR, Tsim KW, Pi R, Han Y. Promising tacrine/huperzine A-based dimeric acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for neurodegenerative disorders: From relieving symptoms to modifying diseases through multitarget. J Neurochem 2021; 158:1381-1393. [PMID: 33930191 PMCID: PMC8458250 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, are devastating diseases in the elderly world, which are closely associated with progressive neuronal loss induced by a variety of genetic and/or environmental factors. Unfortunately, currently available treatments for neurodegenerative disorders can only relieve the symptoms but not modify the pathological processes. Over the past decades, our group by collaborating with Profs. Yuan-Ping Pang and Paul R. Carlier has developed three series of homo/hetero dimeric acetylcholinesterase inhibitors derived from tacrine and/or huperzine A. The representative dimers bis(3)-Cognitin (B3C), bis(12)-hupyridone, and tacrine(10)-hupyridone might possess disease-modifying effects through the modulation of N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptors, the activation of myocyte enhancer factor 2D gene transcription, and the promotion of neurotrophic factor secretion. In this review, we summarize that the representative dimers, such as B3C, provide neuroprotection against a variety of neurotoxins via multiple targets, including the inhibitions of N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptor with pathological-activated potential, neuronal nitric oxide synthase, and β-amyloid cascades synergistically. More importantly, B3C might offer disease-modifying potentials by activating myocyte enhancer factor 2D transcription, inducing neuritogenesis, and promoting the expressions of neurotrophic factors in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, the novel dimers might offer synergistic disease-modifying effects, proving that dimerization might serve as one of the strategies to develop new generation of therapeutics for neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinghung Mak
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wenming Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hongjun Fu
- Department of Neuroscience, Chronic Brain Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jialie Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Center for the Study of Itch and Sensory Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Wei Cui
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shengquan Hu
- Shenzhen Institute of Geriatrics, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuanping Pang
- Mayo Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Karl Wahkeung Tsim
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- Division of Life Science and Center for Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rongbiao Pi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Han
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Institute of Modern Medicine, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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Hentati F, Tounsi L, Djomdi D, Pierre G, Delattre C, Ursu AV, Fendri I, Abdelkafi S, Michaud P. Bioactive Polysaccharides from Seaweeds. Molecules 2020; 25:E3152. [PMID: 32660153 PMCID: PMC7397078 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25143152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive compounds with diverse chemical structures play a significant role in disease prevention and maintenance of physiological functions. Due to the increase in industrial demand for new biosourced molecules, several types of biomasses are being exploited for the identification of bioactive metabolites and techno-functional biomolecules that are suitable for the subsequent uses in cosmetic, food and pharmaceutical fields. Among the various biomasses available, macroalgae are gaining popularity because of their potential nutraceutical and health benefits. Such health effects are delivered by specific diterpenes, pigments (fucoxanthin, phycocyanin, and carotenoids), bioactive peptides and polysaccharides. Abundant and recent studies have identified valuable biological activities of native algae polysaccharides, but also of their derivatives, including oligosaccharides and (bio)chemically modified polysaccharides. However, only a few of them can be industrially developed and open up new markets of active molecules, extracts or ingredients. In this respect, the health and nutraceutical claims associated with marine algal bioactive polysaccharides are summarized and comprehensively discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiez Hentati
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (F.H.); (L.T.); (G.P.); (C.D.); (A.V.U.)
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et Microbiologie, Équipe de Biotechnologie des Algues, Département Génie Biologique, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisie;
| | - Latifa Tounsi
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (F.H.); (L.T.); (G.P.); (C.D.); (A.V.U.)
| | - Djomdi Djomdi
- Department of Renewable Energy, National Advanced School of Engineering of Maroua, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 46 Maroua, Cameroon;
| | - Guillaume Pierre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (F.H.); (L.T.); (G.P.); (C.D.); (A.V.U.)
| | - Cédric Delattre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (F.H.); (L.T.); (G.P.); (C.D.); (A.V.U.)
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 1 rue Descartes, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Alina Violeta Ursu
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (F.H.); (L.T.); (G.P.); (C.D.); (A.V.U.)
| | - Imen Fendri
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie des Plantes Appliquée à l’Amélioration des Cultures, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisie;
| | - Slim Abdelkafi
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et Microbiologie, Équipe de Biotechnologie des Algues, Département Génie Biologique, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisie;
| | - Philippe Michaud
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (F.H.); (L.T.); (G.P.); (C.D.); (A.V.U.)
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Zuo X, Hu S, Tang Y, Zhan L, Sun W, Zheng J, Han Y, Xu E. Attenuation of secondary damage and Aβ deposits in the ipsilateral thalamus of dMCAO rats through reduction of cathepsin B by bis(propyl)-cognitin, a multifunctional dimer. Neuropharmacology 2020; 162:107786. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.107786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Sánchez-Vidaña DI, Chow JKW, Hu SQ, Lau BWM, Han YF. Molecular Targets of Bis (7)-Cognitin and Its Relevance in Neurological Disorders: A Systematic Review. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:445. [PMID: 31143096 PMCID: PMC6521802 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The exact mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative conditions are not fully known. The design of drugs that act on multiple targets represents a promising approach that should be explored for more effective clinical options for neurodegenerative disorders. B7C is s synthetic drug that has been studied for over 20 years and represents a promising multi-target drug for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, such as AD. Aims: The present systematic review, thus, aims at examining existing studies on the effect of B7C on different molecular targets and at discussing the relevance of B7C in neurological disorders. Methods: A list of predefined search terms was used to retrieve relevant articles from the databases of Embase, Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The selection of articles was done by two independent authors, who were considering articles concerned primarily with the evaluation of the effect of B7C on neurological disorders. Only full-text articles written in English were included; whereas, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, book chapters, conference subtracts, and computational studies were excluded. Results: A total of 2,266 articles were retrieved out of which 41 articles were included in the present systematic review. The effect of B7C on molecular targets, including AChE, BChE, BACE-1, NMDA receptor, GABA receptor, NOS, and Kv4.2 potassium channels was evaluated. Moreover, the studies that were included assessed the effect of B7C on biological processes, such as apoptosis, neuritogenesis, and amyloid beta aggregation. The animal studies examined in the review focused on the effect of B7C on cognition and memory. Conclusions: The beneficial effects observed on different molecular targets and biological processes relevant to neurological conditions confirm that B7C is a promising multi-target drug with the potential to treat neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jason Ka Wing Chow
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sheng Quan Hu
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Benson Wui Man Lau
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi-Fan Han
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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Astaxanthin ameliorates scopolamine-induced spatial memory deficit via reduced cortical-striato-hippocampal oxidative stress. Brain Res 2019; 1710:74-81. [PMID: 30552898 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is characterized by progressive disruption of cholinergic neurotransmission and impaired cognitive functions. In rodents, scopolamine has been used to induce cholinergic dysfunction resulting in cognitive impairments and an increment of oxidative stress in the brain. Here we tested whether oxidative stress can be attenuated via an antioxidant (astaxanthin) to rescue scopolamine-induced spatial memory. For this purpose, we administered either 0.9% saline (control), or scopolamine (SCP), or scopolamine plus astaxanthin (SCP + AST) to Swiss albino mice (ten weeks old; n = 20) for 28 consecutive days and subsequently examined animals' locomotor activity, spatial learning, and memory performance. The mice were then euthanized and prefrontal cortex (PFC), striatum (ST), hippocampus (HP), and liver tissues were assayed for antioxidant enzymes, glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and nitric oxide (NO). The SCP group exhibited impaired spatial learning and significantly altered levels of antioxidant enzymes and NO in the PFC, ST, and HP. In contrast, SCP + AST treatment did not cause spatial learning deficits. Furthermore, this condition also showed unaltered levels of SOD and NO in the ST and HP. Taken together, our results show that scopolamine may interrupt the striatal-hippocampal cholinergic activity resulting in impaired spatial memory. At the same time, these impairments are extinguished with astaxanthin by preventing oxidative damage in the striatal-hippocampal cholinergic neurons. Therefore, we suggest astaxanthin as a potential treatment to slow the onset or progression of cognitive dysfunctions that are elicited by abnormal cholinergic neurotransmission in Alzheimer's disease.
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Chen H, Wu X, Gu X, Zhou Y, Ye L, Zhang K, Pan H, Wang J, Wei H, Zhu B, Naman CB, Mak S, Carlier PR, Cui W, Han Y. Tacrine(10)-Hupyridone Prevents Post-operative Cognitive Dysfunction via the Activation of BDNF Pathway and the Inhibition of AChE in Aged Mice. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:396. [PMID: 30483056 PMCID: PMC6243707 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Post-operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) could cause short-term or long-term cognitive disruption lasting weeks or months after anesthesia and surgery in elderly. However, no effective treatment of POCD is currently available. Previous studies indicated that the enhancement of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression, and the elevation the cholinergic system, might be effective to prevent POCD. In this study, we have discovered that tacrine(10)-hupyridone (A10E), a novel acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor derived from tacrine and huperzine A, could prevent surgery-induced short-term and long-term impairments of recognition and spatial cognition, as evidenced by the novel object recognition test and Morris water maze (MWM) tests, in aged mice. Moreover, A10E significantly increased the expression of BDNF and activated the downstream Akt and extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) signaling in the surgery-treated mice. Furthermore, A10E substantially enhanced choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-positive area and decreased AChE activity, in the hippocampus regions of surgery-treated mice, indicating that A10E could prevent surgery-induced dysfunction of cholinergic system, possibly via increasing the synthesis of acetylcholine and the inhibition of AChE. In conclusion, our results suggested that A10E might prevent POCD via the activation of BDNF pathway and the inhibition of AChE, concurrently, in aged mice. These findings also provided a support that A10E might be developed as a potential drug lead for POCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixin Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiang Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Department of Anesthesia, Ningbo University Medical School Affiliated Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Xinmei Gu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yiying Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Luying Ye
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Hanbo Pan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jialing Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Hua Wei
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Binbin Zhu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Department of Anesthesia, Ningbo University Medical School Affiliated Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - C Benjamin Naman
- Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Shinghung Mak
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Applied Biology and Chemistry Technology, Institute of Modern Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Paul R Carlier
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Wei Cui
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.,Li Dak Sum Yip Yio Chin Kenneth Li Marine Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yifan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine and Molecular Pharmacology (Incubation), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Applied Biology and Chemistry Technology, Institute of Modern Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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10
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Chen H, Xiang S, Huang L, Lin J, Hu S, Mak SH, Wang C, Wang Q, Cui W, Han Y. Tacrine(10)-hupyridone, a dual-binding acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, potently attenuates scopolamine-induced impairments of cognition in mice. Metab Brain Dis 2018; 33:1131-1139. [PMID: 29564727 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0221-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Tacrine(10)-hupyridone (A10E) was designed as a dual-binding acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor from the modification of tacrine and a fragment of huperzine A. We have found that A10E effectively inhibited AChE in a mixed competitive manner, with an IC50 of 26.4 nM, which is more potent than those of tacrine and huperzine A. Most importantly, we have shown, for the first time that A10E attenuated scopolamine-induced cognitive impairments without affecting motor function in mice. A10E effectively attenuated impairments of learning and memory to a similar extent as donepezil, an inhibitor of AChE used for treating Alzheimer's disease (AD). In addition, A10E significantly decreased AChE activity in the brain of mice, suggesting that A10E might cross the brain blood-barrier. Taken together, our results demonstrated that A10E, a designed dual-binding AChE inhibitor, could effectively reverse cognitive impairments, indicating that A10E might provide therapeutic efficacy for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixin Chen
- Research Center of Behavioural Science, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Siying Xiang
- Research Center of Behavioural Science, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Research Center of Behavioural Science, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Jiajia Lin
- Research Center of Behavioural Science, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Shengquan Hu
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemistry Technology, Institute of Modern Chinese Medicine, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shing-Hung Mak
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemistry Technology, Institute of Modern Chinese Medicine, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chuang Wang
- Research Center of Behavioural Science, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Qinwen Wang
- Research Center of Behavioural Science, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Research Center of Behavioural Science, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
| | - Yifan Han
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemistry Technology, Institute of Modern Chinese Medicine, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China.
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11
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Pahaye DB, Bum EN, Taïwé GS, Ngoupaye GT, Sidiki N, Moto FCO, Kouemou N, Njapdounke SJK, Nkantchoua G, Kandeda A, Omam JPO, Mairaira V, Ojong JL. Neuroprotective and Antiamnesic Effects of Mitragyna inermis Willd (Rubiaceae) on Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment in Mice. Behav Neurol 2017; 2017:5952897. [PMID: 28386162 PMCID: PMC5366228 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5952897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim. To assess memory improvement and neuroprotective and antioxidant effects of Mitragyna inermis (M. inermis) leaf decoction on the central nervous system. Methodology. Leaf decoction of M. inermis was tested on learning and memory in normal and scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in mice using memory behavioral tests such as the Morris water maze, object recognition task, and elevated plus maze. Oxidative stress enzymes-catalase, superoxide dismutase, and the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, a product of lipid peroxidation-were quantified. In each test, mice 18 to 25 g were divided into groups of 5. Results. The extract reversed the effects of scopolamine in mice. The extract significantly increased discrimination index in the object recognition task test and inflexion ratio in the elevated plus maze test. The times spent in target quadrant in MWM increased while the transfer latency decreased in mice treated by M. inermis at the dose of 196.5 mg/kg. The activity levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase were significantly increased, whereas the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance was significantly decreased after 8 consecutive days of treatment with M. inermis at the dose of 393 mg/kg. Conclusion. These results suggest that M. inermis leaf extract possess potential antiamnesic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bougolla Pahaye
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
| | - Elisabeth Ngo Bum
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
- Institute of Mines and Petroleum Industries, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 46, Maroua, Cameroon
| | - Germain Sotoing Taïwé
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Gwladys Temkou Ngoupaye
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Neteydji Sidiki
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
| | | | - Nadège Kouemou
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
| | | | - Gisele Nkantchoua
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
| | - Antoine Kandeda
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Jean Pierre Omam Omam
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
- Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 47, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Veronique Mairaira
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
| | - Josiane Lucie Ojong
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon
- Center of Medical Research, Institute of Medical Research and Medical Plants Studies, P.O. Box 6163, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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12
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Wen RJ, Huang D, Zhang Y, Liu YW. Bis(3)-tacrine inhibits the sustained potassium current in cultured rat hippocampal neurons. Physiol Res 2017; 66:539-544. [PMID: 28248535 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bis(3)-tacrine is a dimeric AChE inhibitor derived from tacrine with a potential to treat Alzheimer's disease. It was recently been reported to act as a fast off-rate antagonist of NMDA receptors with moderate affinity. In the present study, we aimed to explore whether bis(3)-tacrine could modulate the function of native sustained potassium current in cultured rat hippocampal neurons using whole-cell patch-clamp technique. We found that bis(3)-tacrine inhibited the amplitude of sustained potassium current in a reversible and concentration-dependent manner, with a potency two orders of magnitude higher than that of tacrine. The inhibition was voltage-independent between 0 to +60 mV. The IC(50) values for bis(3)-tacrine and tacrine inhibition of sustained potassium current were 0.45+/-0.07 and 50.5+/-4.8 microM, respectively. I-V curves showed a more potent inhibition of sustained potassium current by bis(3)-tacrine (1 microM) compared to tacrine at the same concentration. Bis(3)-tacrine hyperpolarized the activation curve of the current by 11.2 mV, albeit leaving the steady-state inactivation of the current unaffected.
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Affiliation(s)
- R-J Wen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China; Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Neuroprotective Effects of the Herbal Formula B401 in Both Cell and Mouse Models of Alzheimer's Disease. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:1939052. [PMID: 27761145 PMCID: PMC5059538 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1939052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we have reported the herbal formula B401 that has neuroprotective effects via multifunction, multitarget characteristics. It is possible that the herbal formula B401 may also provide new insights for AD. Here, we studied protective effects in the Tet-On Aβ42-GFP SH-SY5Y cell model and the APP/PS1/Tau triple transgenic mouse model by the herbal formula B401. In in vitro experiments, we showed that the herbal formula B401 treatment effectively reduces glutamate-induced excitotoxicity and acetylcholinesterase activity in Tet-On Aβ42-GFP SH-SY5Y cells. In in vivo experiments, we found that oral B401 treatment effectively ameliorates neurocognitive dysfunctions of 3× Tg-AD mice via motor and cognitive behavior tests. By using magnetic resonance imaging, moorFLPI instruments, and chemiluminescence methods, we reported that oral B401 treatment effectively alleviates brain atrophy, improves subcutaneous blood flow, and reduces blood ROS in 3× Tg-AD mice. As observed from results of immunohistochemistry staining and western blotting, we found that oral B401 treatment significantly enhances expressions of neuroprotective proteins, while reducing expressions of AD derived proteins such as amyloid beta, phosphorylated Tau, neurofibrillary tangles, and 3-nitrotyrosine in the brain of 3× Tg-AD mice. Thus, the herbal formula B401 may have the potential to be developed into optimum TCM for AD patients.
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14
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Zheng CY, Guo BJ, Cai W, Cui W, Mak SH, Wang YQ, Lee SMY, Han YF, Zhang ZJ. No synergism between bis(propyl)-cognitin and rasagiline on protecting dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease mice. Neural Regen Res 2016; 11:1339-46. [PMID: 27651784 PMCID: PMC5020835 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.189201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Rasagiline, a monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor, and bis(propyl)-cognitin (B3C), a novel dimer are reported to be neuroprotective. Herein, the synergistical neuroprotection produced by rasagiline and B3C was investigated in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced mice of Parkinsonism. By using neurobehavioural tests, high-performance liquid chromatography and western blot assay, we showed that B3C at 0.3 mg/kg, rasagiline at 0.02 mg/kg, as well as co-treatment with B3C and rasagiline prevented MPTP-induced behavioural abnormities, increased the concentrations of dopamine and its metabolites in the striatum, and up-regulated the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase in the substantia nigra. However, the neuroprotective effects of co-treatment were not significantly improved when compared with those of B3C or rasagiline alone. Collectively, we have demonstrated that B3C at 0.3 mg/kg and rasagline at 0.02 mg/kg could not produce synergistic neuroprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-You Zheng
- Institute of New Drug Research and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardiocerebrovascular Diseases, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bao-Jian Guo
- Institute of New Drug Research and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardiocerebrovascular Diseases, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei Cai
- Institute of New Drug Research and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardiocerebrovascular Diseases, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Wei Cui
- School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shing-Hung Mak
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Institute of Modern Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Yu-Qiang Wang
- Institute of New Drug Research and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardiocerebrovascular Diseases, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Simon Ming-Yuen Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research of Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Yi-Fan Han
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Institute of Modern Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Zai-Jun Zhang
- Institute of New Drug Research and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardiocerebrovascular Diseases, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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15
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Huang L, Lin J, Xiang S, Zhao K, Yu J, Zheng J, Xu D, Mak S, Hu S, Nirasha S, Wang C, Chen X, Zhang J, Xu S, Wei X, Zhang Z, Zhou D, Zhou W, Cui W, Han Y, Hu Z, Wang Q. Sunitinib, a Clinically Used Anticancer Drug, Is a Potent AChE Inhibitor and Attenuates Cognitive Impairments in Mice. ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:1047-56. [PMID: 27046396 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.5b00329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sunitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is clinically used for the treatment of cancer. In this study, we found for the first time that sunitinib inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE) at submicromolar concentrations in vitro. In addition, sunitinib dramatically decreased the hippocampal and cortical activity of AChE in a time-dependent manner in mice. Molecular docking analysis further demonstrates that sunitinib might interact with both the catalytic anion and peripheral anionic sites within AChE, which is in accordance with enzymatic activity results showing that sunitinib inhibits AChE in a mixed pattern. Most importantly, we evaluated the effects of sunitinib on scopolamine-induced cognitive impairments in mice by using novel object recognition and Morris water maze tests. Surprisingly, sunitinib could attenuate cognitive impairments to a similar extent as donepezil, a marketed AChE inhibitor used for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. In summary, our results have shown that sunitinib could potently inhibit AChE and attenuate cognitive impairments in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Huang
- Ningbo
Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key
Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
- Ningbo Kangning
Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315200, China
| | - Jiajia Lin
- Ningbo
Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key
Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Siying Xiang
- Ningbo
Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key
Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Kangrong Zhao
- Ningbo
Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key
Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Ningbo
Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key
Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Jiacheng Zheng
- Ningbo
Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key
Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Daping Xu
- Department
of Applied Biology and Chemistry Technology, Institute of Modern Chinese
Medicine, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shinghung Mak
- Department
of Applied Biology and Chemistry Technology, Institute of Modern Chinese
Medicine, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shengquan Hu
- Department
of Applied Biology and Chemistry Technology, Institute of Modern Chinese
Medicine, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shehani Nirasha
- Ningbo
Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key
Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Chuang Wang
- Ningbo
Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key
Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Ningbo
Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key
Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Junfang Zhang
- Ningbo
Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key
Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Shujun Xu
- Ningbo
Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key
Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Xiaofei Wei
- Ningbo
Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key
Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Zaijun Zhang
- Institute of New Drug Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic, Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine & New Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Dongsheng Zhou
- Ningbo Kangning
Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315200, China
| | - Wenhua Zhou
- Ningbo
Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key
Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Ningbo
Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key
Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Yifan Han
- Department
of Applied Biology and Chemistry Technology, Institute of Modern Chinese
Medicine, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zhenyu Hu
- Ningbo Kangning
Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315200, China
| | - Qinwen Wang
- Ningbo
Key Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Zhejiang Provincial Key
Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
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16
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Wolf A, Bauer B, Abner EL, Ashkenazy-Frolinger T, Hartz AMS. A Comprehensive Behavioral Test Battery to Assess Learning and Memory in 129S6/Tg2576 Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147733. [PMID: 26808326 PMCID: PMC4726499 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Transgenic Tg2576 mice overexpressing human amyloid precursor protein (hAPP) are a widely used Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse model to evaluate treatment effects on amyloid beta (Aβ) pathology and cognition. Tg2576 mice on a B6;SJL background strain carry a recessive rd1 mutation that leads to early retinal degeneration and visual impairment in homozygous carriers. This can impair performance in behavioral tests that rely on visual cues, and thus, affect study results. Therefore, B6;SJL/Tg2576 mice were systematically backcrossed with 129S6/SvEvTac mice resulting in 129S6/Tg2576 mice that lack the rd1 mutation. 129S6/Tg2576 mice do not develop retinal degeneration but still show Aβ accumulation in the brain that is comparable to the original B6;SJL/Tg2576 mouse. However, comprehensive studies on cognitive decline in 129S6/Tg2576 mice are limited. In this study, we used two dementia mouse models on a 129S6 background--scopolamine-treated 129S6/SvEvTac mice (3-5 month-old) and transgenic 129S6/Tg2576 mice (11-13 month-old)-to establish a behavioral test battery for assessing learning and memory. The test battery consisted of five tests to evaluate different aspects of cognitive impairment: a Y-Maze forced alternation task, a novel object recognition test, the Morris water maze, the radial arm water maze, and a Y-maze spontaneous alternation task. We first established this behavioral test battery with the scopolamine-induced dementia model using 129S6/SvEvTac mice and then evaluated 129S6/Tg2576 mice using the same testing protocol. Both models showed distinctive patterns of cognitive impairment. Together, the non-invasive behavioral test battery presented here allows detecting cognitive impairment in scopolamine-treated 129S6/SvEvTac mice and in transgenic 129S6/Tg2576 mice. Due to the modular nature of this test battery, more behavioral tests, e.g. invasive assays to gain additional cognitive information, can easily be added.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Wolf
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN 55812, United States of America
| | - Björn Bauer
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN 55812, United States of America
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, United States of America
| | - Erin L. Abner
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, United States of America
| | - Tal Ashkenazy-Frolinger
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, United States of America
| | - Anika M. S. Hartz
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MN 55812, United States of America
- Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, United States of America
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, United States of America
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17
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Zhang RS, Xu HJ, Jiang JH, Han RW, Chang M, Peng YL, Wang Y, Wang R. Endomorphin-1 attenuates Aβ42 induced impairment of novel object and object location recognition tasks in mice. Brain Res 2015; 1629:210-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Hu SQ, Wang R, Cui W, Mak SH, Li G, Hu YJ, Lee MY, Pang YP, Han YF. Dimeric bis (heptyl)-Cognitin Blocks Alzheimer's β-Amyloid Neurotoxicity Via the Inhibition of Aβ Fibrils Formation and Disaggregation of Preformed Fibrils. CNS Neurosci Ther 2015; 21:953-61. [PMID: 26507365 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Fibrillar aggregates of β-amyloid protein (Aβ) are the main constituent of senile plaques and considered to be one of the causative events in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Compounds that could inhibit Aβ fibrils formation, disaggregate preformed Aβ fibrils as well as reduce their associated neurotoxicity might have therapeutic values for treating AD. In this study, the inhibitory effects of bis (heptyl)-cognitin (B7C), a multifunctional dimer derived from tacrine, on aggregation and neurotoxicity of Aβ1-40 were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. METHODS Thioflavin T fluorescence assay was carried out to evaluate Aβ aggregation, MTT and Hoechst-staining assays were performed to investigate Aβ-associated neurotoxicity. Fluorescent probe DCFH-DA was used to estimate the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen stress (ROS). Morris water maze was applied to determine learning and memory deficits induced by intracerebroventricular infusion of Aβ in rats. RESULTS B7C (0.1-10 μM), but not tacrine, effectively inhibited Aβ fibrils formation and disaggregated preformed Aβ fibrils following co-incubation of B7C and Aβ monomers or preformed fibrils, respectively. In addition, B7C markedly reduced Aβ fibrils-associated neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cell line, as evidenced by the increase in cell survival, the decrease in Hoechst-stained nuclei and in intracellular ROS. Most encouragingly, B7C (0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg), 10 times more potently than tacrine (1 and 2 mg/kg), inhibited memory impairments after intracerebroventricular infusion of Aβ in rats, as evidenced by the decrease in escape latency and the increase in the spatial bias in Morris water maze test along with upregulation of choline acetyltransferase activity and downregulation of acetylcholinesterase activity. CONCLUSION These findings provide not only novel molecular insight into the potential application of B7C in treating AD, but also an effective approach for screening anti-AD agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Quan Hu
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China.,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China.,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shing-Hung Mak
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China.,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Gang Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Jia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Ming-Yuen Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Yuan-Ping Pang
- Computer-Aided Molecular Design Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Yi-Fan Han
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China.,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
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19
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Hu S, Cui W, Mak S, Xu D, Hu Y, Tang J, Choi C, Lee M, Pang Y, Han Y. Substantial Neuroprotective and Neurite Outgrowth-Promoting Activities by Bis(propyl)-cognitin via the Activation of Alpha7-nAChR, a Promising Anti-Alzheimer's Dimer. ACS Chem Neurosci 2015; 6:1536-45. [PMID: 26147504 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.5b00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD) could be ascribed to the progressive loss of functional neurons in the brain, and hence, agents with neuroprotection and neurite outgrowth-promoting activities that allow for the replacement of lost neurons may have significant therapeutic value. In the current study, the neuroprotective and the neurite outgrowth-promoting activities and molecular mechanisms of bis(propyl)-cognitin (B3C), a multifunctional anti-AD dimer, were investigated. Briefly, B3C (24 h pretreatment) fully protected against glutamate-induced neuronal death in primary cerebellar granule neurons with an IC50 value of 0.08 μM. The neuroprotection of B3C could be abrogated by methyllycaconitine, a specific antagonist of alpha7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR). In addition, B3C significantly promoted neurite outgrowth in both PC12 cells and primary cortical neurons, as evidenced by the increase in the percentage of cells with extended neurites as well as the up-regulation of neuronal markers growth-associated protein-43 and β-III-tubulin. Furthermore, B3C rapidly upregulated the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), a critical signaling molecule in neurite outgrowth that is downstream of the α7-nAChR signal pathway. Specific inhibitors of ERK and α7-nAChR, but not those of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase, blocked the neurite outgrowth as well as ERK activation in PC12 cells induced by B3C. Most importantly, genetic depletion of α7-nAChR significantly abolished B3C-induced neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells. Taken together, our results suggest that B3C provided neuroprotection and neurite outgrowth-promoting activities through the activation of α7-nAChR, which offers a novel molecular insight into the potential application of B3C in AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengquan Hu
- Department
of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Institute of Modern Chinese
Medicine, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
- Institute of New Drug Research, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic, Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine & New Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangdong, China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen
Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute
of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department
of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Institute of Modern Chinese
Medicine, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen
Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shinghung Mak
- Department
of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Institute of Modern Chinese
Medicine, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen
Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Daping Xu
- Department
of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Institute of Modern Chinese
Medicine, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen
Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuanjia Hu
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute
of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Jing Tang
- Mayo
Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Chunglit Choi
- Department
of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Institute of Modern Chinese
Medicine, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mingyuen Lee
- State
Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute
of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Yuanping Pang
- Mayo
Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Yifan Han
- Department
of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Institute of Modern Chinese
Medicine, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen
Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
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20
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Xu T, Shen X, Yu H, Sun L, Lin W, Zhang C. Water-soluble ginseng oligosaccharides protect against scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment by functioning as an antineuroinflammatory agent. J Ginseng Res 2015; 40:211-9. [PMID: 27635118 PMCID: PMC5005308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2015.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panax ginseng root is used in traditional oriental medicine for human health. Its main active components such as saponins and polysaccharides have been widely evaluated for treating diseases, but secondary active components such as oligosaccharides have been rarely studied. This study aimed to assess the impact of water-soluble ginseng oligosaccharides (WGOS), which were isolated from the warm-water extract of Panax ginseng root, on scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in mice and its antineuroinflammatory mechanisms. METHODS We investigated the impact of WGOS on scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in mice by using Morris water maze and novel object recognition task. We also analyzed the impact of WGOS on scopolamine-induced inflammatory response (e.g., the hyperexpression of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 and astrocyte activation) by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS WGOS pretreatment protected against scopolamine-induced learning and memory deficits in the Morris water maze and in the novel object recognition task. Furthermore, WGOS pretreatment downregulated scopolamine-induced hyperexpression of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 mRNA and astrocyte activation in the hippocampus. These results indicate that WGOS can protect against scopolamine-induced alterations in learning and memory and inflammatory response. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that WGOS may be beneficial as a medicine or functional food supplement to treat disorders with cognitive deficits and increased inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xu
- Physiology Department, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiangfeng Shen
- Physiology Department, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Huali Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lili Sun
- Physiology Department, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Weihong Lin
- Department of Neurology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chunxiao Zhang
- Physiology Department, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Jiang L, Huang M, Xu S, Wang Y, An P, Feng C, Chen X, Wei X, Han Y, Wang Q. Bis(propyl)-cognitin Prevents β-amyloid-induced Memory Deficits as Well as Synaptic Formation and Plasticity Impairments via the Activation of PI3-K Pathway. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:3832-3841. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9317-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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22
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Cholinergic receptor blockade by scopolamine and mecamylamine exacerbates global cerebral ischemia induced memory dysfunction in C57BL/6J mice. Nitric Oxide 2014; 43:62-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2014.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 08/16/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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23
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Hu SQ, Cui W, Xu DP, Mak SH, Tang J, Choi CL, Pang YP, Han YF. Substantial neuroprotection against K+ deprivation-induced apoptosis in primary cerebellar granule neurons by novel dimer bis(propyl)-cognitin via the activation of VEGFR-2 signaling pathway. CNS Neurosci Ther 2013; 19:764-72. [PMID: 23826635 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Revised: 05/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuronal loss via apoptosis in CNS is the fundamental mechanism underlying various neurodegenerative diseases. Compounds with antiapoptotic property might have therapeutic effects for these diseases. In this study, bis(propyl)-cognitin (B3C), a novel dimer that possesses anti-AChE and anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor activities, was investigated for its neuroprotective effect on K(+) deprivation-induced apoptosis in cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs). METHODS Cerebellar granule neurons were switched to K(+) deprived medium with or without B3C. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium assay, fluorescein diacetate (FDA)/propidium iodide (PI) staining, Hoechst staining, and DNA laddering assays were applied to detect cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Additionally, the expression of p-VEGFR-2, p-Akt, p-glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), and p-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) was examined in CGNs. RESULTS Switching CGNs to K(+) deprived medium resulted in remarkable apoptosis, which could be substantially blocked by B3C treatment (IC50 , 0.37 μM). Moreover, a rapid decrease in p-Tyr1054-VEGFR-2 was observed after the switch. B3C significantly reversed the inhibition of p-Tyr1054-VEGFR-2 as well as Akt and ERK pathways. VEGFR-2 inhibitor PTK787/ZK222584, as well as PI3-K inhibitor LY294002 and MEK inhibitor PD98059, each abolished the neuroprotective effect of B3C. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that B3C blocks K(+) deprivation-induced apoptosis in CGNs through regulating VEGFR-2/Akt/GSK3β and VEGFR-2/ERK signaling pathways, providing a molecular insight into the therapeutic potential of B3C for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Quan Hu
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Institute of Modern Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, China; The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
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24
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Hu S, Cui W, Mak S, Tang J, Choi C, Pang Y, Han Y. Bis(propyl)-cognitin protects against glutamate-induced neuro-excitotoxicity via concurrent regulation of NO, MAPK/ERK and PI3-K/Akt/GSK3β pathways. Neurochem Int 2013; 62:468-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2013.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Revised: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 01/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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25
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Han RW, Zhang RS, Xu HJ, Chang M, Peng YL, Wang R. Neuropeptide S enhances memory and mitigates memory impairment induced by MK801, scopolamine or Aβ₁₋₄₂ in mice novel object and object location recognition tasks. Neuropharmacology 2013; 70:261-7. [PMID: 23454528 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Revised: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptide S (NPS), the endogenous ligand of NPSR, has been shown to promote arousal and anxiolytic-like effects. According to the predominant distribution of NPSR in brain tissues associated with learning and memory, NPS has been reported to modulate cognitive function in rodents. Here, we investigated the role of NPS in memory formation, and determined whether NPS could mitigate memory impairment induced by selective N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist MK801, muscarinic cholinergic receptor antagonist scopolamine or Aβ₁₋₄₂ in mice, using novel object and object location recognition tasks. Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of 1 nmol NPS 5 min after training not only facilitated object recognition memory formation, but also prolonged memory retention in both tasks. The improvement of object recognition memory induced by NPS could be blocked by the selective NPSR antagonist SHA 68, indicating pharmacological specificity. Then, we found that i.c.v. injection of NPS reversed memory disruption induced by MK801, scopolamine or Aβ₁₋₄₂ in both tasks. In summary, our results indicate that NPS facilitates memory formation and prolongs the retention of memory through activation of the NPSR, and mitigates amnesia induced by blockage of glutamatergic or cholinergic system or by Aβ₁₋₄₂, suggesting that NPS/NPSR system may be a new target for enhancing memory and treating amnesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Wen Han
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, 222 Tian Shui South Road, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
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