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Caballero-Sánchez U, Román-López TV, Silva-Pereyra JF, Polo-Romero AY, Romero-Hidalgo S, Méndez-Díaz M, Prospéro-García OE, Ruiz-Contreras AE. Brain electrophysiological responses associated with the retrieval of temporal and spatial contexts in episodic memory. Behav Brain Res 2022; 435:114057. [PMID: 35970253 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Episodic memory allows us to remember three main elements regarding an event: what (it is), where (it is in space), and when (it appears). The brain's electrical activity signaling the occurrence of these processes has been studied separately, revealing different patterns of ERP components and changes in the EEG theta band amplitude. However, how these patterns signal the retrieval of the temporal and spatial contexts of the same episode is unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ERP components and the EEG theta band in association to the retrieval of the what, where, and when of the same episode through a source memory task. Three types of trials were identified here: total retrieval (what, where, and when), spatial retrieval (what and where), and correct rejections (correctly identified as new items). Attentional components, N200 and P300, and theta band were sensitive to the amount of information retrieved from episodic memory. Total retrieval and spatial trials elicited higher mean amplitude of FN400 and LPC, familiarity and recollection markers, respectively, than correct rejections. Our results suggest that early attention mechanisms can discern the strength of retrieval; in turn, familiarity and recollection mechanisms participate in the retrieval of the main contexts of episodic memory, but not in a cumulative way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulises Caballero-Sánchez
- Lab. Neurogenómica Cognitiva, Coord. Psicobiología y Neurociencias, Fac. Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Talía V Román-López
- Lab. Neurogenómica Cognitiva, Coord. Psicobiología y Neurociencias, Fac. Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Juan F Silva-Pereyra
- Unidad de Investigación Interdisciplinaria en Ciencias de la Salud y la Educación, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Angela Y Polo-Romero
- Lab. Neurogenómica Cognitiva, Coord. Psicobiología y Neurociencias, Fac. Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Sandra Romero-Hidalgo
- Departamento de Genómica Computacional, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico
| | - Mónica Méndez-Díaz
- Lab. Cannabinoides, Depto. Fisiología, Fac. Medicina, UNAM, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | - Alejandra E Ruiz-Contreras
- Lab. Neurogenómica Cognitiva, Coord. Psicobiología y Neurociencias, Fac. Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Berkes M, Friesen DC, Bialystok E. Cultural Context as a Biasing Factor for Language Activation in Bilinguals. LANGUAGE, COGNITION AND NEUROSCIENCE 2018; 33:1032-1048. [PMID: 30899766 PMCID: PMC6424497 DOI: 10.1080/23273798.2018.1446541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Two studies investigated how cultural context and familiarity impact lexical access in Korean-English bilingual and English monolingual adults. ERPs were recorded while participants decided whether a word and picture matched or not. Pictures depicted versions of objects that were prototypically associated with North American or Korean culture and named in either English or Korean, creating culturally congruent and incongruent trials. For bilinguals, culturally congruent trials facilitated responding but ERP results showed that images from both cultures were processed similarly. For monolinguals, culturally incongruent pairs produced longer RTs and larger N400s than congruent items, indicating more effortful processing. Thus, an unfamiliar culture impeded linguistic processing for monolinguals but facilitated it for bilinguals familiar with that culture. Study 2 presented images that were more or less familiar and both groups replicated the pattern for monolinguals in Study 1. Therefore, in Study 1 monolinguals responded to familiarity but bilinguals responded to culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Berkes
- Department of Psychology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Deanna C. Friesen
- Department of Psychology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
- Faculty of Education, University of Western Ontario, 1137 Western Road, London, ON, M6G 1G7, Canada
| | - Ellen Bialystok
- Department of Psychology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
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Manelis A, Popov V, Paynter C, Walsh M, Wheeler ME, Vogt KM, Reder LM. Cortical Networks Involved in Memory for Temporal Order. J Cogn Neurosci 2017; 29:1253-1266. [PMID: 28294716 PMCID: PMC5653970 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
We examined the neurobiological basis of temporal resetting, an aspect of temporal order memory, using a version of the delayed-match-to-multiple-sample task. While in an fMRI scanner, participants evaluated whether an item was novel or whether it had appeared before or after a reset event that signified the start of a new block of trials. Participants responded "old" to items that were repeated within the current block and "new" to both novel items and items that had last appeared before the reset event (pseudonew items). Medial-temporal, prefrontal, and occipital regions responded to absolute novelty of the stimulus-they differentiated between novel items and previously seen items, but not between old and pseudonew items. Activation for pseudonew items in the frontopolar and parietal regions, in contrast, was intermediate between old and new items. The posterior cingulate cortex extending to precuneus was the only region that showed complete temporal resetting, and its activation reflected whether an item was new or old according to the task instructions regardless of its familiarity. There was also a significant Condition (old/pseudonew) × Familiarity (second/third presentations) interaction effect on behavioral and neural measures. For pseudonew items, greater familiarity decreased response accuracy, increased RTs, increased ACC activation, and increased functional connectivity between ACC and the left frontal pole. The reverse was observed for old items. On the basis of these results, we propose a theoretical framework in which temporal resetting relies on an episodic retrieval network that is modulated by cognitive control and conflict resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vencislav Popov
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Christopher Paynter
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | | | - Keith M. Vogt
- University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Lynne M. Reder
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA
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Zhang Q, Walsh MM, Anderson JR. The Effects of Probe Similarity on Retrieval and Comparison Processes in Associative Recognition. J Cogn Neurosci 2017; 29:352-367. [DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the information processing stages underlying associative recognition. We recorded EEG data while participants performed a task that involved deciding whether a probe word triple matched any previously studied triple. We varied the similarity between probes and studied triples. According to a model of associative recognition developed in the Adaptive Control of Thought-Rational cognitive architecture, probe similarity affects the duration of the retrieval stage: Retrieval is fastest when the probe is similar to a studied triple. This effect may be obscured, however, by the duration of the comparison stage, which is fastest when the probe is not similar to the retrieved triple. Owing to the opposing effects of probe similarity on retrieval and comparison, overall RTs provide little information about each stage's duration. As such, we evaluated the model using a novel approach that decomposes the EEG signal into a sequence of latent states and provides information about the durations of the underlying information processing stages. The approach uses a hidden semi-Markov model to identify brief sinusoidal peaks (called bumps) that mark the onsets of distinct cognitive stages. The analysis confirmed that probe type has opposite effects on retrieval and comparison stages.
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