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Khoramipour K, Rezaei MH, Moslemizadeh A, Hosseini MS, Ebrahimnezhad N, Bashiri H. Changes in the hippocampal level of tau but not beta-amyloid may mediate anxiety-like behavior improvement ensuing from exercise in diabetic female rats. BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN FUNCTIONS : BBF 2024; 20:9. [PMID: 38702776 PMCID: PMC11067136 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-024-00235-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the present study, we investigated the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on cognitive behaviors in female rats with a high-fat diet + streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetes. METHODS Twenty-four female rats were divided into four groups randomly (n = 6): control (C), control + exercise (Co + EX), diabetes mellitus (type 2) (T2D), and diabetes mellitus + exercise (T2D + EX). Diabetes was induced by a two-month high-fat diet and a single dose of STZ (35 mg/kg) in the T2D and T2D + EX groups. The Co + EX and T2D + EX groups performed HIIT for eight weeks (five sessions per week, running on a treadmill at 80-100% of VMax, 4-10 intervals). Elevated plus maze (EPM) and open field test (OFT) were used for assessing anxiety-like behaviors, and passive avoidance test (PAT) and Morris water maze (MWM) were applied for evaluating learning and memory. The hippocampal levels of beta-amyloid (Aβ) and Tau were also assessed using Western blot. RESULTS An increase in fasting blood glucose (FBG), hippocampal level of Tau, and a decrease in the percentage of open arm time (%OAT) as an index of anxiety-like behavior were seen in the female diabetic rats which could be reversed by HIIT. In addition, T2D led to a significant decrease in rearing and grooming in the OFT. No significant difference among groups was seen for the latency time in the PAT and learning and memory in the MWM. CONCLUSIONS HIIT could improve anxiety-like behavior at least in part through changes in hippocampal levels of Tau.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Female
- Hippocampus/metabolism
- tau Proteins/metabolism
- Rats
- Physical Conditioning, Animal/physiology
- Physical Conditioning, Animal/methods
- Physical Conditioning, Animal/psychology
- Anxiety/therapy
- Anxiety/psychology
- Anxiety/metabolism
- Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/psychology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/therapy
- High-Intensity Interval Training/methods
- Maze Learning/physiology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/psychology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy
- Behavior, Animal/physiology
- Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayvan Khoramipour
- Student Research Committee, School of medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Hossein Rezaei
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, Shahid Bahonar University, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Mahdieh Sadat Hosseini
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Narjes Ebrahimnezhad
- Department of Sports Science, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Sistan and Baluchestan University, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Hamideh Bashiri
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Bécam J, Ropars G, Dwiri FA, Brunaud C, Toutain J, Chazalviel L, Naveau M, Valable S, Bernaudin M, Touzani O, Pérès EA. Physical Activity Attenuates Brain Irradiation-Associated Skeletal Muscle Damage in the Rat. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2024; 118:1081-1093. [PMID: 37866760 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radiation therapy for brain tumors increases patient survival. Nonetheless, side effects are increasingly reported such as cognitive deficits and fatigue. The etiology of fatigue remains poorly described. Our hypothesis is that the abscopal effects of radiation therapy on skeletal muscle may be involved in fatigue. The present study aims to assess the effect of brain irradiation on skeletal muscles and its relationship with fatigue and to analyze whether physical activity could counteract brain radiation-induced side effects. METHODS AND MATERIALS Adult Wistar rats were randomly distributed between 4 groups: control (CTL), irradiated (IR), nonirradiated with physical activity (PA), and irradiated with physical activity (IR+PA). IR rats were exposed to a whole-brain irradiation (WBI) of 30 Gy (3 × 10 Gy). Rats subjected to PA underwent sessions of running on a treadmill, 3 times/week for 6 months. The effects of WBI on muscles were evaluated by complementary approaches: behavioral tests (fatigue, locomotion activity), magnetic resonance imaging, and histologic analyses. RESULTS IR rats displayed a significant fatigue and a reduced locomotor activity at short term compared with the CTL group, which were attenuated with PA at 6 months after WBI. The IR rat's gastrocnemius mass decreased compared with CTL rats, which was reversed by physical activity at 14 days after WBI. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging of the skeletal muscle highlighted an alteration of the fiber organization in IR rats as demonstrated by a significant decrease of the mean diffusivity in the gastrocnemius at short term. Alteration of fibers was confirmed by histologic analyses: the number of type I fibers was decreased, whereas that of type IIa fibers was increased in IR animals but not in the IR+PA group. CONCLUSIONS The data show that WBI induces skeletal muscle damage, which is attenuated by PA. This muscle damage may explain, at least in part, the fatigue of patients treated with radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Bécam
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Université, ISTCT, UMR6030, GIP Cyceron, F-14000 Caen, France
| | - Gwenn Ropars
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Université, ISTCT, UMR6030, GIP Cyceron, F-14000 Caen, France
| | - Fatima-Azzahra Dwiri
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Université, ISTCT, UMR6030, GIP Cyceron, F-14000 Caen, France
| | - Carole Brunaud
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Université, ISTCT, UMR6030, GIP Cyceron, F-14000 Caen, France
| | - Jérôme Toutain
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Université, ISTCT, UMR6030, GIP Cyceron, F-14000 Caen, France
| | - Laurent Chazalviel
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Université, ISTCT, UMR6030, GIP Cyceron, F-14000 Caen, France
| | - Mikaël Naveau
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, INSERM, CEA, Normandie Université, UAR3408/US50, Cyceron, GIP Cyceron, F-14000 Caen, France
| | - Samuel Valable
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Université, ISTCT, UMR6030, GIP Cyceron, F-14000 Caen, France
| | - Myriam Bernaudin
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Université, ISTCT, UMR6030, GIP Cyceron, F-14000 Caen, France
| | - Omar Touzani
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Université, ISTCT, UMR6030, GIP Cyceron, F-14000 Caen, France
| | - Elodie Anne Pérès
- Université de Caen Normandie, CNRS, Normandie Université, ISTCT, UMR6030, GIP Cyceron, F-14000 Caen, France.
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Gasparyan A, Maldonado Sanchez D, Navarrete F, Sion A, Navarro D, García-Gutiérrez MS, Rubio Valladolid G, Jurado Barba R, Manzanares J. Cognitive Alterations in Addictive Disorders: A Translational Approach. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1796. [PMID: 37509436 PMCID: PMC10376598 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The cognitive decline in people with substance use disorders is well known and can be found during both the dependence and drug abstinence phases. At the clinical level, cognitive decline impairs the response to addiction treatment and increases dropout rates. It can be irreversible, even after the end of drug abuse consumption. Improving our understanding of the molecular and cellular alterations associated with cognitive decline could be essential to developing specific therapeutic strategies for its treatment. Developing animal models to simulate drug abuse-induced learning and memory alterations is critical to continue exploring this clinical situation. The main aim of this review is to summarize the most recent evidence on cognitive impairment and the associated biological markers in patients addicted to some of the most consumed drugs of abuse and in animal models simulating this clinical situation. The available information suggests the need to develop more studies to further explore the molecular alterations associated with cognitive impairment, with the ultimate goal of developing new potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ani Gasparyan
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Avda de Ramón y Cajal s/n, 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientada a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Adicciones (RIAPAd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Francisco Navarrete
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Avda de Ramón y Cajal s/n, 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientada a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Adicciones (RIAPAd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Ana Sion
- Instituto de Investigación i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniela Navarro
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Avda de Ramón y Cajal s/n, 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientada a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Adicciones (RIAPAd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - María Salud García-Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Avda de Ramón y Cajal s/n, 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientada a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Adicciones (RIAPAd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
| | - Gabriel Rubio Valladolid
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientada a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Adicciones (RIAPAd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Jurado Barba
- Instituto de Investigación i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Health, Universidad Camilo José Cela, 28001 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Manzanares
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Avda de Ramón y Cajal s/n, 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientada a Resultados en Salud (RICORS), Red de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Adicciones (RIAPAd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
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Sumizono M, Yoshizato Y, Yamamoto R, Imai T, Tani A, Nakanishi K, Nakakogawa T, Matsuoka T, Matsuzaki R, Tanaka T, Sakakima H. Mechanisms of Neuropathic Pain and Pain-Relieving Effects of Exercise Therapy in a Rat Neuropathic Pain Model. J Pain Res 2022; 15:1925-1938. [PMID: 35860420 PMCID: PMC9289275 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s367818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Pain disrupts the daily and social lives of patients with neuropathic pain. Effective treatment of neuropathic pain is difficult. Pharmacological treatments for neuropathic pain are limited, and 40–60% of patients do not achieve even partial relief of their pain. This study created a chronic constriction injury (CCI) model in rats to examine the effects of regular exercise on neuropathic pain relief, elucidate the mechanism, and determine the effects of neuropathic pain in the hippocampus. Methods CCI model rats were randomly divided into exercise (Ex) and no exercise (No-Ex) groups. Normal rats (Normal group) were used as controls. The Ex group exercised on a treadmill at 20 m/min for 30 min, 5 days per week for 5 weeks post-CCI. The 50% pain response threshold was assessed by mechanical stimulation. Using immunohistochemistry, we examined activation of glial cells (microglia and astrocytes) by CCR2 and TRAF6 expression in the spinal cord dorsal horn and DCX and PROX1 expression in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Results The 50% pain response threshold was significantly lower in the Ex than in the No-Ex group at 5 weeks post-CCI, indicating pain relief. In the spinal cord dorsal horn, IBA1, CCR2, and TRAF6 expression was markedly lower in the Ex group than in the No-Ex group at 3 weeks post-CCI. IBA1, GFAP, CCR2, and TRAF6 expression was markedly lower in the Ex group than in the No-Ex group at 5 weeks post-CCI. In the hippocampus, DCX, but not PROX1, expression was significantly higher in the Ex group than in the No-Ex group at 3 weeks post-CCI. At 5 weeks post-CCI, both DCX and PROX1 expression was markedly increased in the Ex group compared to the No-Ex group. Conclusion Our findings suggest that regular exercise can improve the neuropathic pain-induced neurogenic dysfunction in the hippocampal dentate gyrus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Sumizono
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kyushu University of Nursing and Social Welfare, Kumamoto, Japan.,Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yushin Yoshizato
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kyushu University of Nursing and Social Welfare, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ryohei Yamamoto
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kyushu University of Nursing and Social Welfare, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takaki Imai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kyushu University of Nursing and Social Welfare, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Akira Tani
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nakanishi
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tomomi Nakakogawa
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Teruki Matsuoka
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ryoma Matsuzaki
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Tanaka
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kumamoto Health Science University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Harutoshi Sakakima
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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Bayassi-Jakowicka M, Lietzau G, Czuba E, Patrone C, Kowiański P. More than Addiction—The Nucleus Accumbens Contribution to Development of Mental Disorders and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052618. [PMID: 35269761 PMCID: PMC8910774 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress and negative emotions evoked by social relationships and working conditions, frequently accompanied by the consumption of addictive substances, and metabolic and/or genetic predispositions, negatively affect brain function. One of the affected structures is nucleus accumbens (NAc). Although its function is commonly known to be associated with brain reword responses and addiction, a growing body of evidence also suggests its role in some mental disorders, such as depression and schizophrenia, as well as neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s, and Parkinson’s. This may result from disintegration of the extensive connections based on numerous neurotransmitter systems, as well as impairment of some neuroplasticity mechanisms in the NAc. The consequences of NAc lesions are both morphological and functional. They include changes in the NAc’s volume, cell number, modifications of the neuronal dendritic tree and dendritic spines, and changes in the number of synapses. Alterations in the synaptic plasticity affect the efficiency of synaptic transmission. Modification of the number and structure of the receptors affects signaling pathways, the content of neuromodulators (e.g., BDNF) and transcription factors (e.g., pCREB, DeltaFosB, NFκB), and gene expression. Interestingly, changes in the NAc often have a different character and intensity compared to the changes observed in the other parts of the basal ganglia, in particular the dorsal striatum. In this review, we highlight the role of the NAc in various pathological processes in the context of its structural and functional damage, impaired connections with the other brain areas cooperating within functional systems, and progression of the pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Bayassi-Jakowicka
- Division of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (M.B.-J.); (E.C.)
| | - Grazyna Lietzau
- Division of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (M.B.-J.); (E.C.)
- Correspondence: (G.L.); (P.K.); Tel.: +48-58-349-14-01 (G.L. & P.K.)
| | - Ewelina Czuba
- Division of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (M.B.-J.); (E.C.)
| | - Cesare Patrone
- Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset, Internal Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Sjukhusbacken 17, 11883 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Przemysław Kowiański
- Division of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland; (M.B.-J.); (E.C.)
- Correspondence: (G.L.); (P.K.); Tel.: +48-58-349-14-01 (G.L. & P.K.)
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Tunca U, Saygin M, Ozmen O, Aslankoc R, Yalcin A. The impact of moderate-intensity swimming exercise on learning and memory in aged rats: The role of Sirtuin-1. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 24:1413-1420. [PMID: 35096300 PMCID: PMC8769519 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2021.58145.12920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Objective(s): The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of moderate-intensity swimming exercise on learning and memory by the Morris water maze test. Changes in the expressions of cyclic AMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) proteins alternative pathway which were activated by sirtuin-1 (SIRT-1) were investigated. Materials and Methods: The study included thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats (350-500 g, 11-12 and 15–16 months old). The rats were randomly divided into four groups with 8 rats in each group. The groups were designed as follows: Control-1 (11-12 months), Exercise-1 (11-12 months), Control-2 (15-16 months), Exercise-2 (15-16 months). Moderate-intensity exercise was assigned for 30 min/day, 5 days/week, for the whole training period of 8 weeks. Results: There were statistically significant differences between the groups on the third day (P=0.005) when swim speeds increased in the exercise groups. There was a statistically significant difference between Exercise 1 and Exercise 2 groups, the entries in the platform zone decreased in Exercise 2 group (P=0.026). While there were no histopathological findings observed in any group, increased SIRT-1, BNDF, and CREB expressions were seen in exercise groups compared with control groups. Conclusion: In aged rats exercising at moderate intensity, increased expression of CREB and BDNF, and SIRT-1 could improve hippocampal-dependent memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulker Tunca
- Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Saygin
- Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Ozmen
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Rahime Aslankoc
- Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Arzu Yalcin
- Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Isparta, Turkey
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Marrero-Cristobal G, Gelpi-Dominguez U, Morales-Silva R, Alvarado-Torres J, Perez-Torres J, Perez-Perez Y, Sepulveda-Orengo M. Aerobic exercise as a promising nonpharmacological therapy for the treatment of substance use disorders. J Neurosci Res 2021; 100:1602-1642. [PMID: 34850988 PMCID: PMC9156662 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite the prevalence and public health impact of substance use disorders (SUDs), effective long-term treatments remain elusive. Aerobic exercise is a promising, nonpharmacological treatment currently under investigation as a strategy for preventing drug relapse. Aerobic exercise could be incorporated into the comprehensive treatment regimens for people with substance abuse disorders. Preclinical studies of SUD with animal models have shown that aerobic exercise diminishes drug-seeking behavior, which leads to relapse, in both male and female rats. Nevertheless, little is known regarding the effects of substance abuse-induced cellular and physiological adaptations believed to be responsible for drug-seeking behavior. Accordingly, the overall goal of this review is to provide a summary and an assessment of findings to date, highlighting evidence of the molecular and neurological effects of exercise on adaptations associated with SUD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ursula Gelpi-Dominguez
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA
| | - Roberto Morales-Silva
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA
| | - John Alvarado-Torres
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA
| | - Joshua Perez-Torres
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA
| | - Yobet Perez-Perez
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA
| | - Marian Sepulveda-Orengo
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR, USA
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Liu J, Chen C, Liu M, Zhuang S. Effects of Aerobic Exercise on Cognitive Function in Women With Methamphetamine Dependence in a Detoxification Program in Tianjin, China: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Nurs Res 2021; 29:e164. [PMID: 34183568 DOI: 10.1097/jnr.0000000000000440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment is prevalent among individuals, especially women, with methamphetamine dependence. Although aerobic exercise has been shown to affect cognitive function in humans and animals, few related studies have focused on subjects with methamphetamine dependence. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess the detoxification-related effects of aerobic exercise on cognitive function in women with methamphetamine dependence. METHODS A randomized controlled trial was used with 98 women with methamphetamine dependence undergoing a detoxification program at a mental hospital. The women were distributed using a computer-generated grouping random method into either the study or control group. The investigator conducting the baseline questionnaire, the neuropsychologist assessing the cognitive function, and the data analyst were blinded to group assignment. In addition to hospital routine care, the study group received an aerobic exercise intervention for 3 months. The control group only received hospital routine care. Attention and working memory were measured using the Trail Making Test and Digit Span Test, verbal memory was measured using Logical Memory (LM) and Memory for Persons Data (MPD), and executive function was measured using the Color-Word Stroop Test. RESULTS Forty-nine participants were randomized into each group, and the valid data of 43 participants in the study group and 46 in the control group were analyzed. The study group showed significantly more improvement over time in terms of Digit Span Test, Trail Making Test, LM-delayed, MPD-5 minutes delayed, MPD-30 minutes delayed, and Color-Word Stroop Test than the control group (p < .05). LM-immediate and MPD-immediate scores showed that the effects of time and the interaction between time and group were significant but that the main effect of group was not. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Women undergoing detoxification for methamphetamine dependence may practice aerobic exercise to improve attention, working memory, executive function, and parts of verbal memory. Aerobic exercise may be incorporated into detoxification treatment programs to facilitate the recovery of cognitive functions in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Liu
- BSN, RN, Graduate Student, School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Chen Chen
- BSN, RN, Graduate Student, School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Maojie Liu
- BSN, RN, Graduate Student, School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, China
| | - Shumei Zhuang
- PhD, RN, Associate Professor, School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, China
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Qiao X, Zhu Y, Dang W, Wang R, Sun M, Chen Y, Shi Y, Zhang L. Dual-specificity phosphatase 15 (DUSP15) in the nucleus accumbens is a novel negative regulator of morphine-associated contextual memory. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e12884. [PMID: 32043707 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Drug relapse among addicts often occurs due to the learned association between drug-paired cues and the rewarding effects of these drugs, such as morphine. Contextual memory associated with morphine has a central role in maintenance and relapse. We showed that morphine-conditioned place preference (CPP) activates extracellular-regulated protein kinase (ERK) in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). The main enzymes that mediate ERK dephosphorylation are members of the dual-specificity phosphatase (DUSP) superfamily. It is unclear which members regulate the morphine CPP-induced activation of ERK. After screening, DUSP15 was found to be decreased during both morphine CPP expression and the reinstatement period. Intra-NAc infusions of AAV-DUSP15 (overexpression) not only prevented the expression of morphine-induced CPP but also facilitated extinction, inhibited reinstatement, and abolished ERK activation. However, after repeated morphine exposure and withdrawal in mice, there was no change in the expression of p-ERK and DUSP15, and the overexpression of DUSP15 in the NAc did not improve the impaired spatial memory or anxiety-like behaviour induced by morphine. Together, these findings indicate that DUSP15 not only prevents the expression of drug-paired contextual memory but also promotes the extinction of existing addiction memories, thus providing a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of drug addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Qiao
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences Zhengzhou University China
| | - Yongsheng Zhu
- College of Forensic Science, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University China
| | - Wei Dang
- The Sixth Ward, Xi'an Mental Health Center China
| | - Runzhi Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences Zhengzhou University China
| | - Mizhu Sun
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences Zhengzhou University China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- College of Forensic Science, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University China
| | - Yuhui Shi
- College of Forensic Science, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University China
| | - Lirong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences Zhengzhou University China
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10
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BDNF receptor antagonism during the induction of morphine dependence exacerbates the severity of physical dependence and ameliorates psychological dependence in rats. Neurosci Lett 2020; 737:135332. [PMID: 32860885 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of systemic administration of the TrkB receptor antagonist (ANA-12) during induction of morphine dependence on the severity of physical and psychological dependence and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) BDNF levels in morphine-dependent and withdrawn rats. Rats became morphine-dependent by increasing daily doses of morphine for 7 days, along with ANA-12 injection. Then, rats were tested for the severity of physical dependence on morphine (spontaneous withdrawal signs), anxiety-like (the elevated plus maze), depressive-like (sucrose preference test) behaviors after spontaneous morphine withdrawal. Also, the CSF BDNF levels were assessed 2 h after the last dose of morphine and day 13 after morphine withdrawal in morphine-dependent and withdrawn rats. We found that the morphine withdrawal signs were significantly higher in morphine dependent rats receiving ANA-12 on days of 5-7 after morphine withdrawal, also ANA-12 exacerbated overall dependence severity. While, the percentage of time spent in the open arms and sucrose preference were higher in morphine-dependent rats receiving ANA-12 than morphine-dependent rats receiving saline. Also, the ANA-12 injection decreased the CSF BDNF levels following morphine dependence, while increased it after morphine withdrawal. We conclude that the ANA-12 exacerbated the severity of physical morphine dependence but attenuated the anxiety/depressive-like behaviors in morphine-dependent and withdrawn rats. Also, ANA-12 injection was able to reverse the changes in the CSF BDNF levels. Therefore, ANA-12 is not more likely to complete treatment for opiate addiction.
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11
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Kashefi A, Rashidy-Pour A, Vafaei AA, Haghparast A, Tomaz C, Ahmadalipour A. Corticosterone impairs contextual fear recall after reactivation in the ovariectomized rat model of menopause. Behav Brain Res 2020; 394:112817. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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12
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Wu Y, Deng F, Wang J, Liu Y, Zhou W, Qu L, Cheng M. Intensity-dependent effects of consecutive treadmill exercise on spatial learning and memory through the p-CREB/BDNF/NMDAR signaling in hippocampus. Behav Brain Res 2020; 386:112599. [PMID: 32184158 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.112599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Exercise is the most recommended non-pharmacological intervention to improve neurocognitive functions under physiological and pathological conditions. However, it remains to be elucidated concerning the influence and the underlying neurological molecular mechanism of different exercise intensity on cognitive function. In this study, we aimed to explore the effects of exercise intensity on spatial learning and memory, as well as the regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/p-CREB/NMDAR signal. In the research, low-intensity consecutive treadmill (LICT) and high-intensity consecutive treadmill (HICT) were implied to rats for 8 weeks. We found that the performances in the Morris water maze were improved in the LICT group, while reduced in the HICT group as compared with the sedentary rats. Moreover, the expression of BDNF mRNA, phosphorylation cAMP-response-element binding protein (p-CREB), mature BDNF (mBDNF), tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), and NR2B proteins was increased, whereas the expression of precursor BDNF (proBDNF) and pan-neurotrophin receptor 75 (p75NTR) proteins was decreased in the hippocampus of LICT group compared with the sedentary rats. On the contrary, the expression of proteins and mRNA aforementioned in the LICT group showed a reversed tendency in the hippocampus of HICT rats. These findings suggest that the consecutive low-intensity exercise and high-intensity exercise exert different effects on spatial learning and memory by oppositely regulating the mutual stimulation of p-CREB and BDNF mRNA feedback loop, as well as the t-PA/BDNF/NMDAR which is the post-translation cascades of BDNF signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Wu
- College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Guanhai Road 346, 264003 Yantai, China
| | - Fangfang Deng
- Institute of Health and Disease Management, Binzhou Medical University, Guanhai Road 346, 264003 Yantai, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Huanghe Road 661, 256603 Binzhou, China
| | - Yaping Liu
- Institute of Health and Disease Management, Binzhou Medical University, Guanhai Road 346, 264003 Yantai, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Institute of Health and Disease Management, Binzhou Medical University, Guanhai Road 346, 264003 Yantai, China
| | - Lei Qu
- College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Guanhai Road 346, 264003 Yantai, China
| | - Mei Cheng
- Institute of Health and Disease Management, Binzhou Medical University, Guanhai Road 346, 264003 Yantai, China.
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13
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Kim TW, Baek KW, Yu HS, Ko IG, Hwang L, Park JJ. High-intensity exercise improves cognitive function and hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression in obese mice maintained on high-fat diet. J Exerc Rehabil 2020; 16:124-131. [PMID: 32509696 PMCID: PMC7248433 DOI: 10.12965/jer.2040050.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We wanted to find the intensity of exercise that could increase brain- derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression and improve spatial learning and memory without dietary control. C57BL/6 mice were fed a 60% high-fat diet (HFD) for 6 weeks to induce obesity. Obesity-induced mice were exercised on a treadmill for 8 weeks at various exercise in-tensities: HFD-control (n=7), HFD-low-intensity exercise (HFD-LIE, n= 7, 12 m/min for 75 min), HFD-middle intensity exercise (HFD-MIE, n=7, 15 m/min for 60 min) and HFD-high-intensity exercise (HFD-HIE, n=7, 18 m/min for 50 min). One week before sacrificing mice, the Morris wa-ter maze test was performed, and the hippocampus was immediately removed after sacrifice. The expression levels of BDNF (encoded by the gene Bdnf) and tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) in the hippo-campus were analyzed by quantitative real-time reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction and western blot. In the last probe test of the Morris water maze test, occupancy in the target quadrant was sig-nificantly higher in the HFD-HIE group (P<0.05) than in the other groups. In addition, mRNA expression from the Bdnf promoter region was found to be significantly higher in the HFD-HIE group than in the other groups (P<0.001). Although there were some differences in the levels of signifi-cance, the expression levels of both BDNF and TrkB were significantly higher in the HFD-HIE group than in the other groups. Therefore, rela-tively high-intensity aerobic exercise can resist the adverse effects of a high-fat diet on the brain without dietary control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Won Kim
- Division of Sport Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Kyung-Wan Baek
- Division of Sport Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Hak Sun Yu
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Il-Gyu Ko
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Lakkyong Hwang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Jun Park
- Division of Sport Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
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Abstract
This paper is the fortieth consecutive installment of the annual anthological review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system, summarizing articles published during 2017 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides and receptors as well as effects of opioid/opiate agonists and antagonists. The review is subdivided into the following specific topics: molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors (1), the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia in animals (2) and humans (3), opioid-sensitive and opioid-insensitive effects of nonopioid analgesics (4), opioid peptide and receptor involvement in tolerance and dependence (5), stress and social status (6), learning and memory (7), eating and drinking (8), drug abuse and alcohol (9), sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology (10), mental illness and mood (11), seizures and neurologic disorders (12), electrical-related activity and neurophysiology (13), general activity and locomotion (14), gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions (15), cardiovascular responses (16), respiration and thermoregulation (17), and immunological responses (18).
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, CUNY, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, NY, 11367, United States.
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15
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Treadmill exercise restores memory and hippocampal synaptic plasticity impairments in ovalbumin-sensitized juvenile rats: Involvement of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Neurochem Int 2020; 135:104691. [PMID: 31982414 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Studies demonstrate that asthma, especially during childhood, affects the functions of the brain including learning and memory. Exercise is well known for its neuroprotective functions and for its beneficial effects on asthma. We aimed to assess the effects of exercise on cognitive function, synaptic plasticity, and hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in ovalbumin (OVA) sensitized juvenile rats. Rats were sensitized by intraperitoneal administration and inhaled OVA. Animals were subjected to treadmill running exercise during the OVA-challenged period. T-helper type 2 (Th2) cytokine [interleukin (IL)-4], Th1 cytokine (INF-γ) levels, and INF-γ/IL-4 (Th1/Th2) ratio in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and tracheal response to methacholine and OVA were measured. Further, memory behaviors and BDNF levels were measured in the hippocampus as well as long-term potentiation (LTP) was assessed by recording field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) in the hippocampus. The levels of IL-4 and TGF-β were decreased but INF-γ level and INF-γ/IL-4 ratio increased in the BALF due to exercise in the OVA-sensitized animals. In addition, exercise improved OVA-sensitization induced cognitive impairments, increased BDNF levels, and enhanced hippocampal LTP in OVA-sensitized rats. Exercise is not only effective in the alleviation of airway inflammation by restoring Th1/Th2 cytokines balance, but also is a candidate for improvement of memory and synaptic plasticity deficits partially through increasing the levels of hippocampal BDNF in OVA-sensitized rats.
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16
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Caliskan H, Akat F, Omercioglu G, Bastug G, Ficicilar H, Bastug M. Aerobic exercise has an anxiolytic effect on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2020. [DOI: 10.21307/ane-2020-022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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17
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Shahroodi A, Mohammadi F, Vafaei AA, Miladi-Gorji H, Bandegi AR, Rashidy-Pour A. Impact of different intensities of forced exercise on deficits of spatial and aversive memory, anxiety-like behavior, and hippocampal BDNF during morphine abstinence period in male rats. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:135-147. [PMID: 31773433 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00518-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Forced exercise can alleviate cognitive-behavioral deficits in an experimental model of addiction. However, the effects of different intensities of forced exercise in improving behavioral, cognitive and biochemical deficits during morphine abstinence period are not well investigated. Thus, the current work examined the effects of different loads of forced exercise on cognition functions, anxiety behavior and BDNF changes in the hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex (PFC), and also serum levels of BDNF and corticosterone during the abstinent period in male rats. Animals received morphine injections (10 mg/kg, twice a day) for 10 consecutive days. Then, the animals were exposed to a 4-week forced exercise training program under low, moderate or high intensities (30 min per session on 5 days a week), which accompanied by behavioral and biochemical tests. In Experiment 1, anxiety-like behaviors using elevated plus maze (EPM), and light/dark box (L/D box) were examined. In Experiment 2, cognitive functions using T-maze alteration and passive avoidance tasks were tested, which accompanied by BDNF measurements in the hippocampus and PFC. In Experiment 3, serum levels of BDNF and corticosterone following the termination of forced exercise regimen were measured. Morphine-abstinent animals exhibited anxiogenic -like behaviors in the EPM, but not L/D box. They also exhibited impaired T-maze alternation performance and passive avoidance memory, and a decline in hippocampal BDNF, but not PFC. Forced exercise at a moderate intensity alleviated anxiety, cognitive and BDNF defects in morphine-abstinent animals. The high load exercise enhanced serum levels of corticosterone in both saline and morphine groups. Thus, regular moderate forced exercise may be beneficial in preserving cognitive and mood functions in male addicts during the abstinent period and drug rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Shahroodi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, 15131-38111, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mohammadi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, 15131-38111, Iran
| | - Abbas Ali Vafaei
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, 15131-38111, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Hossein Miladi-Gorji
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, 15131-38111, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Bandegi
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, 15131-38111, Iran
- Laboratory of Endocrine Research, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ali Rashidy-Pour
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, 15131-38111, Iran.
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
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18
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Caliskan H, Akat F, Tatar Y, Zaloglu N, Dursun AD, Bastug M, Ficicilar H. Effects of exercise training on anxiety in diabetic rats. Behav Brain Res 2019; 376:112084. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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19
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Mohammadian J, Miladi-Gorji H. Age- and sex-related changes in the severity of physical and psychological dependence in morphine-dependent rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2019; 187:172793. [PMID: 31639387 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2019.172793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gender- and age-dependent effects on the severity of morphine dependence are still controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of age and sex on the severity of physical and psychological dependence in morphine-dependent rats. The adult/aged male and female Wistar rats were chronically treated with bi-daily doses (10 mg/kg, at 12 h intervals) of morphine for 14 days. Then, rats were tested for the severity of physical dependence on morphine (spontaneous withdrawal signs), anxiety-like (the elevated plus maze), depressive-like (sucrose preference test) and grooming behaviors after spontaneous morphine withdrawal. We found that the morphine withdrawal signs decreased after 3 and 7 days of withdrawal in female and male rats respectively, while there was no significant difference in overall dependence severity between the two sexes or ages. Also, we found that the withdrawal of morphine led to increased anxiety, depression and obsessive-compulsive behavior in the D (dependent)/Adult male and female rats. Also, the D/aged female and male rats exhibited a reduction in depressive-like behavior than the D/Adult rats. Moreover, the D/female rats exhibited a decreased obsessive-compulsive behavior in both age groups than male rats. We conclude that age has no effect on the duration of withdrawal from morphine and overall dependence severity. While, the duration of withdrawal from morphine was lower in female than male rats. Our results showed a sex difference on the duration of morphine withdrawal and an age difference in the expression of psychological dependence on morphine. Thus, therapeutic strategies may be different for opiate-dependent individuals in physical and psychological dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Mohammadian
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Semnan, Semnan, Iran
| | - Hossein Miladi-Gorji
- Laboratory of Animal Addiction Models, Research Center of Physiology, Semnan, University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
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20
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Moradi-Kor N, Ghanbari A, Rashidipour H, Yousefi B, Bandegi AR, Rashidy-Pour A. Beneficial effects of Spirulina platensis, voluntary exercise and environmental enrichment against adolescent stress induced deficits in cognitive functions, hippocampal BDNF and morphological remolding in adult female rats. Horm Behav 2019; 112:20-31. [PMID: 30917909 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to stress during adolescent period has been demonstrated to impair cognitive functions and the dendritic morphology of pyramidal neurons in the rat hippocampal CA3 area. The present study investigated the combined protective effects of Spirulina platensis (SP), a supplement made from blue-green algae with neuroprotective properties, voluntary exercise (EX) and environmental enrichment (EE) against cognitive deficits, alternations in hippocampal BDNF levels, and abnormal neuronal remodeling in adult female rats (PND 60) induced by exposure to chronic restraint stress during adolescent period (PND 30-40). Rats were exposed to restraint stress (2 h/day for 10 days, PND 30-40). Then, the animals were subjected to treatment with SP (200 mg/kg/day), EX, EE and the combined treatments (SP + EX, and SP + EE) between PND 41 and 55 of age. Following the interventions, spatial learning and memory, passive avoidance performance, hippocampal dendritic morphology and BDNF levels were assessed. Results showed that plasma corticosterone levels increased at PND 40 and remained elevated at PND 55 and 70 in the stressed rats. Stressed rats showed deficits in spatial learning and memory and passive avoidance performance, decreased BDNF levels in the hippocampus, and reduced apical dendritic length and branch points of the CA3 pyramidal neurons. These deficits were alleviated by the SP, EX and EE, and the combined treatments, which accompanied with a decline in serum corticosterone in stressed animals. Some treatments even enhanced cognitive functions, and BDNF levels and neuroanatomical remodeling in the hippocampus of non-stressed animals. Our findings provide important evidences that physical activity, exposure to EE, and the SP treatment during adolescent period can protect against adolescent stress induced behavioral, biochemical and neuroanatomical impairments in adulthood.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Avoidance Learning/drug effects
- Avoidance Learning/physiology
- Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism
- Cell Extracts/pharmacology
- Cognition/drug effects
- Cognition/physiology
- Cognition Disorders/etiology
- Cognition Disorders/pathology
- Cognition Disorders/physiopathology
- Cognition Disorders/prevention & control
- Conditioning, Psychological/drug effects
- Conditioning, Psychological/physiology
- Female
- Hippocampus/drug effects
- Hippocampus/metabolism
- Hippocampus/pathology
- Hippocampus/physiopathology
- Memory/drug effects
- Memory/physiology
- Neuronal Plasticity/drug effects
- Physical Conditioning, Animal/physiology
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Restraint, Physical/physiology
- Restraint, Physical/psychology
- Sexual Maturation/drug effects
- Sexual Maturation/physiology
- Social Environment
- Spatial Learning/drug effects
- Spirulina/chemistry
- Stress, Psychological/complications
- Stress, Psychological/metabolism
- Stress, Psychological/pathology
- Stress, Psychological/psychology
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasroallah Moradi-Kor
- Student Research Committee, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran; Laboratory of Learning and Memory, Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ali Ghanbari
- Laboratory of Learning and Memory, Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Hadi Rashidipour
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar Branch, Garmsar, Iran
| | - Behpour Yousefi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Bandegi
- Laboratory of Endocrine Research, Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ali Rashidy-Pour
- Laboratory of Learning and Memory, Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
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21
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Positive effect of moderate-intensity aerobic activity on pentylenetetrazol-induced epileptic behaviors in pregnant mice and cognitive performance in adult male offspring. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-018-0485-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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22
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Jahangiri Z, Gholamnezhad Z, Hosseini M. Neuroprotective effects of exercise in rodent models of memory deficit and Alzheimer's. Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:21-37. [PMID: 30443769 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0343-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a fastest growing neurodegenerative condition with no standard treatment. There are growing evidence about the beneficial effects of exercise in brain health promotion and slowing the cognitive decline. The aim of this study was to review the protective mechanisms of treadmill exercise in different models of rodent memory deficits. Online literature database, including PubMed-Medline, Scopus, Google scholar were searched from 2003 till 2017. Original article with English language were chosen according to following key words in the title: (exercise OR physical activity) AND (memory OR learning). Ninety studies were finally included in the qualitative synthesis. The results of these studies showed the protective effects of exercise on AD induced neurodegerative and neuroinflammatory process. Neuroperotective effects of exercise on the hippocampus seem to be increasing in immediate-early gene c-Fos expression in dentate gyrus; enhancing the Wnt3 expression and inhibiting glycogen synthase kinase-3β expression; increasing the 5-bro-mo-2'-deoxyridine-positive and doublecortin-positive cells (dentate gyrus); increasing the level of astrocytes glial fibrillary acidic protein and decrease in S100B protein, increasing in blood brain barrier integrity; prevention of oxidative stress injury, inducing morphological changes in astrocytes in the stratum radiatum of cornu ammonis 1(CA1) area; increase in cell proliferation and suppress apoptosis in dentate gyrus; increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor and tropomyosin receptor kinase B expressions; enhancing the glycogen levels and normalizing the monocarboxylate transporter 2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Jahangiri
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Gholamnezhad
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran.
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mahmoud Hosseini
- Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, 9177948564, Iran
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23
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Song MK, Kim EJ, Kim JK, Park HK, Lee SG. Effect of regular swimming exercise to duration-intensity on neurocognitive function in cerebral infarction rat model. Neurol Res 2018; 41:37-44. [PMID: 30311868 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2018.1524087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This study investigated the effect of regular swimming exercise according to the duration-intensity on neurocognitive function in a cerebral infarction rat model. Methods: Forty male Sprague-Dawley 10-week-old rats, weighing 300 ± 50 g, were subjected to photothrombotic cerebral infarction. The remaining 36 rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 9 per group: non-exercise (group A); swimming exercise of short duration-intensity (5 min/day, group B); swimming exercise of moderate duration-intensity (10 min/day, group C); and swimming exercise of long duration-intensity (20 min/day, group D). Exercise was performed five times a week for 4 weeks, beginning the day after cerebral infarction. Neurocognitive function was evaluated with the Morris water maze test. Immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis examined brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) at 4 weeks postinfarction. Results: At 4 weeks postinfarction, escape latency was found to be shorter in group C than in any of groups A, B, or D. Immunohistochemistry revealed the most significant immunoreactivity for BDNF and VEGF in group C. Western blot analysis demonstrated that BDNF and VEGF proteins were markedly expressed in group C. Conclusions: Regular swimming exercise of moderate duration-intensity may be the most effective exercise protocol for the recovery of neurocognitive function in cerebral infarction rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Keun Song
- a Department of Physical & Rehabilitation Medicine , Chonnam National University Hospital & Medical School , Gwangju , Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jong Kim
- a Department of Physical & Rehabilitation Medicine , Chonnam National University Hospital & Medical School , Gwangju , Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kook Kim
- a Department of Physical & Rehabilitation Medicine , Chonnam National University Hospital & Medical School , Gwangju , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeng-Kyu Park
- a Department of Physical & Rehabilitation Medicine , Chonnam National University Hospital & Medical School , Gwangju , Republic of Korea
| | - Sam-Gyu Lee
- a Department of Physical & Rehabilitation Medicine , Chonnam National University Hospital & Medical School , Gwangju , Republic of Korea
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Rahimi R, Akhavan MM, Kamyab K, Ebrahimi SA. Maternal voluntary exercise ameliorates learning deficit in rat pups exposed, in utero, to valproic acid; role of BDNF and VEGF and their receptors. Neuropeptides 2018; 71:43-53. [PMID: 30144942 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In utero exposure to therapeutic doses of valproic acid (VPA) during pregnancy can produce physical malformation and CNS abnormalities in the offspring. There is evidence indicating that even lower doses of VPA during pregnancy could cause cognitive impairment in offspring. It has been demonstrated that maternal exercise has positive effects on offspring's cognitive function. In this study we evaluated the preventive potential of maternal voluntary exercise on cognitive deficits induced by in utero exposure to VPA, in rat pups. Furthermore, the alteration of hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and their respective receptors were measured. In treatment groups, pregnant rats received VPA (10 and 20 mg/kg) daily on the gestation days (GD) 7 for twelve days with or without access to a running wheel. In control groups, rats received saline with or without access to a running wheel. On postnatal day (PND) 30, learning and memory of rat pups were assessed using the Morris Water Maze (MWM) task. Also, on PND 30, hippocampal BDNF and VEGF were measured by ELISA and western blot analysis respectively. VEGFR (VEGF receptor) and TrkB (Tyrosine receptor kinase B, the receptor for BDNF) expressions were assessed using immunofluorescence staining. Results revealed that maternal voluntary exercise enhanced learning in offspring but had little effect on memory retention. Exposure to VPA during pregnancy disturbed learning and memory in rat pups. Maternal voluntary exercise could ameliorate some aspects of cognitive deficit induced by VPA. TrkB and VEGFR2 expression were enhanced in pups from running mothers. VPA, at both doses, suppressed exercise induced expression of these two receptors. Voluntary exercise and to a much greater extent VPA administration increased hippocampal BDNF. Voluntary exercise of mothers caused an enhance expression of VEGF in rat pups as did VPA administration, although to a smaller amount.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rahimi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University for Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M M Akhavan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University for Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - K Kamyab
- Department of Pathology, Razi Skin Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - S A Ebrahimi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Iran University for Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran..
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Alizadeh M, Zahedi-Khorasani M, Miladi-Gorji H. Treadmill exercise attenuates the severity of physical dependence, anxiety, depressive-like behavior and voluntary morphine consumption in morphine withdrawn rats receiving methadone maintenance treatment. Neurosci Lett 2018; 681:73-77. [PMID: 29859324 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to examine whether treadmill exercise would attenuate the severity of physical dependence, methadone-induced anxiety, depression and voluntary morphine consumption in morphine withdrawn rats receiving methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). The rats were chronically treated with bi-daily doses (10 mg/kg, at 12 h intervals) of morphine for 14 days. The exercising rats receiving MMT were forced to run on a motorized treadmill for 30 days during morphine withdrawal. Then, rats were tested for the severity of morphine dependence, the elevated plus-maze (EPM), sucrose preference test (SPT) and voluntary morphine consumption using a two-bottle choice (TBC) paradigm. The results showed that naloxone- precipitated opioid withdrawal signs were decreased in exercising morphine-dependent rats receiving MMT than sedentary rats. Also, the exercising morphine-dependent rats receiving MMT exhibited an increased time on open arms, preference for sucrose and a lower morphine preference ratio than sedentary rats. We conclude that treadmill exercise decreased the severity of physical dependence, anxiety/depressive-like behaviors and also the voluntary morphine consumption in morphine withdrawn rats receiving MMT. Thus, exercise may benefit in the treatment of addicts during MMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Alizadeh
- Laboratory of Animal Addiction Models, Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran; Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Zahedi-Khorasani
- Laboratory of Animal Addiction Models, Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Hossein Miladi-Gorji
- Laboratory of Animal Addiction Models, Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.
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Chronic Swimming Exercise Ameliorates Low-Soybean-Oil Diet-Induced Spatial Memory Impairment by Enhancing BDNF-Mediated Synaptic Potentiation in Developing Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:1047-1057. [PMID: 29574667 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2515-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Exercise and low-fat diets are common lifestyle modifications used for the treatment of hypertension besides drug therapy. However, unrestrained low-fat diets may result in deficiencies of low-unsaturated fatty acids and carry contingent risks of delaying neurodevelopment. While aerobic exercise shows positive neuroprotective effects, it is still unclear whether exercise could alleviate the impairment of neurodevelopment that may be induced by certain low-fat diets. In this research, developing spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were treated with chronic swimming exercise and/or a low-soybean-oil diet for 6 weeks. We found that performance in the Morris water maze was reduced and long-term potentiation in the hippocampus was suppressed by the diet, while a combination treatment of exercise and diet alleviated the impairment induced by the specific low-fat diet. Moreover, the combination treatment effectively increased the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR), which were both down-regulated by the low-soybean-oil diet in the hippocampus of developing SHR. These findings suggest that chronic swimming exercise can ameliorate the low-soybean-oil diet-induced learning and memory impairment in developing SHR through the up-regulation of BDNF and NMDAR expression.
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Ahmadalipour A, Ghodrati-Jaldbakhan S, Samaei SA, Rashidy-Pour A. Deleterious effects of prenatal exposure to morphine on the spatial learning and hippocampal BDNF and long-term potentiation in juvenile rats: Beneficial influences of postnatal treadmill exercise and enriched environment. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2018; 147:54-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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