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Song Y, Yang C. Mechanistic advances of hyperoxia-induced immature brain injury. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30005. [PMID: 38694048 PMCID: PMC11058899 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The impact of hyperoxia-induced brain injury in preterm infants is being increasingly investigated. However, the parameters and protocols used to study this condition in animal models lack consistency. Research is further hampered by the fact that hyperoxia exerts both direct and indirect effects on oligodendrocytes and neurons, with the precise underlying mechanisms remaining unclear. In this article, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the conditions used to induce hyperoxia in animal models of immature brain injury. We discuss what is known regarding the mechanisms underlying hyperoxia-induced immature brain injury, focusing on the effects on oligodendrocytes and neurons, and briefly describe therapies that may counteract the effects of hyperoxia. We also identify further studies required to fully elucidate the effects of hyperoxia on the immature brain as well as discuss the leading therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Song
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Changqiang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan Province, China
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Xue-Jiao H, Jian-Hua F. A review of the effects of early postnatal hyperoxia exposure on the immature brain. Exp Neurol 2023; 370:114550. [PMID: 37774766 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Preterm birth is a public health priority worldwide, with approximately 15 million premature babies born each year. Oxygen supplementation is one of the most common interventions for preterm infants. However, prolonged oxygen inhalation at supraphysiological concentrations can lead to the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). In addition to lifelong pulmonary sequelae, clinical evidence suggests that BPD is associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes, such as motor impairment, cognitive impairment, and behavioral deficits, severely affecting the quality of life of preterm infants. However, the mechanisms underlying the combination of neurodevelopmental impairment with BPD remain unclear. Therefore, in recent years, attention has also been focused on the effects of hyperoxia on brain development in preterm infants. In this review, we outline the pathophysiological mechanisms of brain injury caused by developmental hyperoxia exposure in current animal models and briefly describe the pharmacological therapies that may be applicable to the associated brain injury. Overall, more studies are needed to assess the effects of hyperoxia on the immature brain, particularly combined analyses of the lungs and brain in the same experimental setting, to elucidate the potential causes of combined neurodevelopmental impairment in BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Xue-Jiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fu Jian-Hua
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Li W, Zeng W, Zhang Y, Ma Z, Fang X, Han Y, Sun Y, Jin X, Ma L. A comparative metabolomics analysis of domestic yak ( Bos grunniens) milk with human breast milk. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1207950. [PMID: 37841471 PMCID: PMC10570732 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1207950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Yaks are tough animals living in Tibet's hypoxic stress environment. However, the metabolite composition of yak milk and its role in hypoxic stress tolerance remains largely unexplored. The similarities and differences between yak and human milk in hypoxic stress tolerance are also unclear. This study explored yak colostrum (YC) and yak mature milk (YMM) using GC-MS, and 354 metabolites were identified in yak milk. A comparative metabolomic analysis of yak and human milk metabolites showed that over 70% of metabolites were species-specific. Yak milk relies mainly on essential amino acids- arginine and essential branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs): L-isoleucine, L-leucine, and L-valine tolerate hypoxic stress. To slow hypoxic stress, human breast milk relies primarily on the neuroprotective effects of non-essential amino acids or derivates, such as citrulline, sarcosine, and creatine. In addition, metabolites related to hypoxic stress were significantly enriched in YC than in YMM. These results reveal the unique metabolite composition of yak and human milk and provide practical information for applying yak and human milk to hypoxic stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Weike Zeng
- Center for Genomics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Zhijie Ma
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Xingyan Fang
- Center for Genomics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yingcang Han
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Yonggang Sun
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Xiayang Jin
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Liuyin Ma
- Center for Genomics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Dettman RW, Dizon MLV. How lung injury and therapeutic oxygen could alter white matter development. J Neurosci Res 2022; 100:2127-2137. [PMID: 33687103 PMCID: PMC8426430 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Developmental brain injury describes a spectrum of neurological pathologies resulting from either antenatal or perinatal injury. This includes both cognitive and motor defects that affect patients for their entire lives. Developmental brain injury can be caused by a spectrum of conditions including stroke, perinatal hypoxia-ischemia, and intracranial hemorrhage. Additional risk factors have been identified including very low birth weight, mechanical ventilation, and oxygen (O2 ) supplementation. In fact, infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, an inflammatory disease associated with disrupted lung development, have been shown to have decreased cerebral white matter and decreased intracranial volumes. Thus, there appears to be a developmental link between the lung, O2 , and the brain that leads to proper myelination. Here, we will discuss what is currently known about the link between O2 and myelination and how scientists are exploring mechanisms through which supplemental O2 and/or lung injury can affect brain development. Consideration of a link between the diseased lung and developing brain will allow clinicians to fine tune their approaches in managing preterm lung disease in order to optimize brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W. Dettman
- Perinatal Origins of Disease, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Chicago, IL 60611
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL, 60611
| | - Maria L. V. Dizon
- Perinatal Origins of Disease, Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Chicago, IL 60611
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL, 60611
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Cakir A, Ocalan Esmerce B, Aydin B, Koc C, Cansev M, Gulec Suyen G, Kahveci N. Effects of uridine administration on hippocampal matrix metalloproteinases and their endogenous inhibitors in REM sleep-deprived rats. Brain Res 2022; 1793:148039. [PMID: 35932811 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.148039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is associated with synaptic plasticity which is considered essential for long-term potentiation (LTP). The composition of extracellular matrix (ECM), in part, plays a role in REM sleep-associated synaptic functioning. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of uridine administration on levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their endogenous inhibitors (TIMPs) in rats subjected to REM sleep deprivation (REMSD). REMSD was induced by modified multiple platform method for 96-hour. Rats were randomized to receive either saline or uridine (1 mmol/kg) intraperitoneally twice a day for four days. Rats were then decapitated and their hippocampi were dissected for analyzing the levels of MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9, TIMP-1, TIMP-2 and TIMP-3 by Western-blotting and the activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 by Gelatin zymography. REMSD resulted in reduced levels of MMP-3, MMP-9, TIMP-3 and activity of MMP-9 in saline-treated rats, while uridine treatment significantly enhanced their impairment. TIMP-1 was enhanced following REMSD but uridine treatment had no significant effect on TIMP-1 levels. MMP-2, TIMP-2 levels and MMP-2 activity were not affected by either REMSD or uridine administration. These data show that REMSD significantly affects ECM composition which is ameliorated by uridine administration suggesting a possible use of uridine in sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysen Cakir
- Bursa Uludag University School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Bursa, Turkey.
| | - Busra Ocalan Esmerce
- Bursa Uludag University School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Bursa, Turkey
| | | | - Cansu Koc
- Bursa Uludag University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Cansev
- Bursa Uludag University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Guldal Gulec Suyen
- Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nevzat Kahveci
- Bursa Uludag University School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Bursa, Turkey
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Evaluating Neuroprotective Effects of Uridine, Erythropoietin, and Therapeutic Hypothermia in a Ferret Model of Inflammation-Sensitized Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189841. [PMID: 34576001 PMCID: PMC8469346 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Perinatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury, often in conjunction with an inflammatory insult, is the most common cause of death or disability in neonates. Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is the standard of care for HI encephalopathy in term and near-term infants. However, TH may not always be available or efficacious, creating a need for novel or adjunctive neurotherapeutics. Using a near-term model of inflammation-sensitized HI brain injury in postnatal day (P) 17 ferrets, animals were randomized to either the control group (n = 43) or the HI-exposed groups: saline vehicle (Veh; n = 42), Ur (uridine monophosphate, n = 23), Epo (erythropoietin, n = 26), or TH (n = 24) to test their respective therapeutic effects. Motor development was assessed from P21 to P42 followed by analysis of cortical anatomy, ex vivo MRI, and neuropathology. HI animals took longer to complete the motor assessments compared to controls, which was exacerbated in the Ur group. Injury resulted in thinned white matter tracts and narrowed cortical sulci and gyri, which was mitigated in Epo-treated animals in addition to normalization of cortical neuropathology scores to control levels. TH and Epo treatment also resulted in region-specific improvements in diffusion parameters on ex vivo MRI; however, TH was not robustly neuroprotective in any behavioral or neuropathological outcome measures. Overall, Ur and TH did not provide meaningful neuroprotection after inflammation-sensitized HI brain injury in the ferret, and Ur appeared to worsen outcomes. By comparison, Epo appears to provide significant, though not complete, neuroprotection in this model.
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Tian D, Gao Q, Lin J, Chang Z, Wang Y, Shi Y, Su R, Han Z, Ma D. Uncovering the mechanism of the Shenzhi Jiannao formula against vascular dementia using a combined network pharmacology approach and molecular biology. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 90:153637. [PMID: 34273705 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shenzhi Jiannao formula (SZJNF) is a herbal prescription which is used for detoxification, dredging collaterals, and activating blood circulation and Qi flow in traditional Chinese medicine. SZJNF is a clinical effective prescription for the treatment of vascular dementia (VD) first formulated based on the classical theory of traditional Chinese medicine, but its anti-VD mechanism remains ambiguous. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to elucidate the multi-target mechanisms of SZJNF against VD using a network pharmacology approach and verify its effects through biological experiments. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We utilized network pharmacology-based prediction and molecular docking techniques to uncover the potential micro-mechanism of SZJNF against VD. We identified active components and potential targets, and performed network analysis, functional annotation, and pathway enrichment analysis. Subsequently, glutamate-induced PC12 cells and VD rats were used to verify the molecular mechanisms of SZJNF. RESULTS Seventeen active compounds were identified in SZJNF rat plasma; moreover, 773 predicted targets and 1544 VD-related targets were found. Various networks, including the PPI, herb-compound-target, and compound-target-pathway network were constructed. A total of 188 shared targets were identified by network topological analysis, which were closely associated to the anti-VD effects of SZJNF. They were also enriched in various biological processes through hypoxia reaction, promotion of cell proliferation, inhibition of apoptosis, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, and calcium signaling pathway, as evaluated by the analysis of advanced functions and pathways. SZJNF components docked well with the key targets. Treatment with SZJNF promoted cell proliferation, ameliorated apoptosis and oxidative stress injury, and improved neurological and cognitive abilities. CONCLUSION This study comprehensively demonstrated the multi-target mechanisms of SZJNF in VD using network pharmacology and molecular biology experiments. This provides evidence for further mechanistic studies and for the development of SZJNF as a potential treatment for patients with VD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danfeng Tian
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jingfeng Lin
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ze Chang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuchun Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shi
- Shenzhen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (Longgang), Shenzhen, China; School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Su
- Department of Academic Research, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyun Han
- Shenzhen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine (Longgang), Shenzhen, China.
| | - Dayong Ma
- Department of Neurology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
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Xu P, Ning J, Jiang Q, Li C, Yan J, Zhao L, Gao H, Zheng H. Region-specific metabolic characterization of the type 1 diabetic brain in mice with and without cognitive impairment. Neurochem Int 2020; 143:104941. [PMID: 33333211 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been reported to cause cognitive decline, but brain metabolic changes during this process are still far from being fully understood. Here, we found that streptozotocin (STZ)-induced T1D mice exhibited impaired learning and memory at 11 weeks after STZ treatment but not at 3 weeks. Therefore, we studied metabolic alterations in six different brain regions of T1D mice with and without cognitive decline, and attempted to identify key metabolic pathways related to diabetic cognitive dysfunction. The results demonstrate that lactate had already increased in all brain regions of T1D mice prior to cognitive decline, but a decreased TCA cycle was only observed in hippocampus, cortex and striatum of T1D mice with cognitive impairment. Reduced N-acetylaspartate and choline were found in all brain regions of T1D mice, irrespective of cognitive decline. In addition, disrupted neurotransmitter metabolism was noted to occur in T1D mice before cognitive deficit. Of note, we found that the level of uridine was significantly reduced in cerebellum, cortex, hypothalamus and midbrain of T1D mice when cognitive decline was presented. Therefore, brain region-specific metabolic alterations may comprise possible biomarkers for the early-diagnosis and monitoring of diabetic cognitive decline. Moreover, down-regulated TCA cycle and pyrimidine metabolism could be closely related to T1D-associated cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengtao Xu
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Jie Ning
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Qiaoying Jiang
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Chen Li
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Junjie Yan
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Liangcai Zhao
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Hongchang Gao
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Hong Zheng
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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Truttmann AC, Ginet V, Puyal J. Current Evidence on Cell Death in Preterm Brain Injury in Human and Preclinical Models. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:27. [PMID: 32133356 PMCID: PMC7039819 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite tremendous advances in neonatal intensive care over the past 20 years, prematurity carries a high burden of neurological morbidity lasting lifelong. The term encephalopathy of prematurity (EoP) coined by Volpe in 2009 encompasses all aspects of the now known effects of prematurity on the immature brain, including altered and disturbed development as well as specific lesional hallmarks. Understanding the way cells are damaged is crucial to design brain protective strategies, and in this purpose, preclinical models largely contribute to improve the comprehension of the cell death mechanisms. While neuronal cell death has been deeply investigated and characterized in (hypoxic–ischemic) encephalopathy of the newborn at term, little is known about the types of cell death occurring in preterm brain injury. Three main different morphological cell death types are observed in the immature brain, specifically in models of hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy, namely, necrotic, apoptotic, and autophagic cell death. Features of all three types may be present in the same dying neuron. In preterm brain injury, description of cell death types is sparse, and cell loss primarily concerns immature oligodendrocytes and, infrequently, neurons. In the present review, we first shortly discuss the different main severe preterm brain injury conditions that have been reported to involve cell death, including periventricular leucomalacia (PVL), diffuse white matter injury (dWMI), and intraventricular hemorrhages, as well as potentially harmful iatrogenic conditions linked to premature birth (anesthesia and caffeine therapy). Then, we present an overview of current evidence concerning cell death in both clinical human tissue data and preclinical models by focusing on studies investigating the presence of cell death allowing discriminating between the types of cell death involved. We conclude that, to improve brain protective strategies, not only apoptosis but also other cell death (such as regulated necrotic and autophagic) pathways now need to be investigated together in order to consider all cell death mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of preterm brain damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita C Truttmann
- Clinic of Neonatology, Department of Women, Mother and Child, University Hospital Center of Vaud, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vanessa Ginet
- Clinic of Neonatology, Department of Women, Mother and Child, University Hospital Center of Vaud, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julien Puyal
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,CURML, University Center of Legal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Liu YL, Guo SG, Xie CY, Niu K, De Jonge H, Wu X. Uridine inhibits the stemness of intestinal stem cells in 3D intestinal organoids and mice. RSC Adv 2020; 10:6377-6387. [PMID: 35496025 PMCID: PMC9049648 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra07742a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The activity of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) is foremost in maintaining homeostasis and repair of intestines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process
| | - Song-Ge Guo
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process
| | - Chun-yan Xie
- College of Resources and Environment
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology
- Hunan Agricultural University
- Changsha
- China
| | - Kaimin Niu
- Institute of Biological Resources
- Jiangxi Academy of Sciences
- Nanchang 330096
- China
| | - Hugo De Jonge
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
- Erasmus MC University Medical Center
- Rotterdam
- Netherlands
| | - Xin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process
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Uridine treatment prevents REM sleep deprivation-induced learning and memory impairment. Neurosci Res 2019; 148:42-48. [PMID: 30685492 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that sleep plays an important role in cognitive functions and sleep deprivation impairs learning and memory. Uridine is the main pyrimidine nucleoside found in human blood circulation and has beneficial effects on cognitive functions. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of uridine administration on learning and memory impairment in sleep-deprived rats. Flower pot method was used to induce REM sleep deprivation. Uridine-treated groups received 1 mmol/kg uridine and control groups received 1 ml/kg saline (0.9% NaCl) twice a day for four days and once a day on the 5th day intraperitoneally. Learning and memory performances were measured using Morris water maze (MWM) test. We also measured the ratios of total calcium-calmodulin dependent kinase II (tCaMKII)/β-tubulin and phosphorylated cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element binding protein (pCREB)/β-tubulin, long-term potentiation (LTP) related molecules, using western blot analysis on the hippocampus. The results showed that REM sleep deprivation impaired learning and memory and also decreased the ratios of tCaMKII and pCREB. Uridine treatment enhanced learning and memory parameters in REM sleep-deprived rats. Additionally, decreases in tCaMKII and pCREB were prevented by uridine treatment. These data suggest that administration of uridine for five consecutive days prevents REM sleep deprivation-induced deficits in learning and memory associated with enhanced tCaMKII and pCREB ratios in the hippocampus.
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[Protective effect of prostaglandin E1 against brain injury induced by hyperoxia in neonatal rats]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2018; 20. [PMID: 29530125 PMCID: PMC7389790 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effect of prostaglandin E1 (PGE-1) against brain injury induced by hyperoxia in neonatal rats and observe the changes in the expression of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) and cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP), and to provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of PGE-1 in the treatment of neonatal brain injury induced by hyperoxia. METHODS Sixty neonatal Wistar rats were randomly divided into air control group, hyperoxic brain injury model group, and hyperoxic brain injury+PGE-1 group. All rats except those in the air control group were treated to establish a hyperoxic brain injury model. From the first day of modeling, the rats in the hyperoxia brain injury+PGE-1 group were intraperitoneally injected with PGE-1 2 μg/kg daily for 7 consecutive days, while the other two groups were treated with normal saline instead. The water content of brain tissue was measured; the pathological changes of brain tissue were evaluated by hematoxylin-eosin staining; the apoptosis of brain cells was assessed by nuclear staining combined with TUNEL staining; the protein expression of GRP78 and CHOP in brain tissue was measured by Western blot. RESULTS The water content of brain tissue in the hyperoxic brain injury model group was significantly higher than that in the hyperoxic brain injury+PGE-1 group and air control group (P<0.05); the water content of brain tissue in the hyperoxic brain injury+PGE-1 group was significantly higher than that in the air control group (P<0.05). The pathological section of brain tissue showed inflammatory cell infiltration and mild cerebrovascular edema in the brain parenchyma in the hyperoxic brain injury model group; the periparenchymal inflammation and edema in the hyperoxic brain injury+PGE-1 group were milder than those in the hyperoxic brain injury model group. The apoptosis index of brain tissue in the hyperoxic brain injury model group was significantly higher than that in the hyperoxic brain injury+PGE-1 group and air control group (P<0.05); the apoptosis index of brain tissue in the hyperoxic brain injury+PGE-1 group was significantly higher than that in the air control group (P<0.05). The protein expression of GRP78 and CHOP in brain tissue was significantly higher in the hyperoxic brain injury model group than in the hyperoxic brain injury+PGE-1 group and air control group (P<0.05); the protein expression of GRP78 and CHOP was significantly higher in the hyperoxic brain injury+PGE-1 group than in the air control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS PGE-1 has a protective effect against hyperoxia-induced brain injury in neonatal rats, which may be related to the inhibition of cell apoptosis by down-regulating the expression of GRP78 and CHOP.
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