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Teder T, Haeggström JZ, Airavaara M, Lõhelaid H. Cross-talk between bioactive lipid mediators and the unfolded protein response in ischemic stroke. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2023; 168:106760. [PMID: 37331425 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2023.106760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic cerebral stroke is a severe medical condition that affects about 15 million people every year and is the second leading cause of death and disability globally. Ischemic stroke results in neuronal cell death and neurological impairment. Current therapies may not adequately address the deleterious metabolic changes and may increase neurological damage. Oxygen and nutrient depletion along with the tissue damage result in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, including the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR), and neuroinflammation in the affected area and cause cell death in the lesion core. The spatio-temporal production of lipid mediators, either pro-inflammatory or pro-resolving, decides the course and outcome of stroke. The modulation of the UPR as well as the resolution of inflammation promotes post-stroke cellular viability and neuroprotection. However, studies about the interplay between the UPR and bioactive lipid mediators remain elusive and this review gives insights about the crosstalk between lipid mediators and the UPR in ischemic stroke. Overall, the treatment of ischemic stroke is often inadequate due to lack of effective drugs, thus, this review will provide novel therapeutical strategies that could promote the functional recovery from ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarvi Teder
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jesper Z Haeggström
- Division of Physiological Chemistry II, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikko Airavaara
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Finland; Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Helike Lõhelaid
- Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Finland; Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Finland.
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2
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Abstract
Astrocyte endfeet enwrap the entire vascular tree within the central nervous system, where they perform important functions in regulating the blood-brain barrier (BBB), cerebral blood flow, nutrient uptake, and waste clearance. Accordingly, astrocyte endfeet contain specialized organelles and proteins, including local protein translation machinery and highly organized scaffold proteins, which anchor channels, transporters, receptors, and enzymes critical for astrocyte-vascular interactions. Many neurological diseases are characterized by the loss of polarization of specific endfoot proteins, vascular dysregulation, BBB disruption, altered waste clearance, or, in extreme cases, loss of endfoot coverage. A role for astrocyte endfeet has been demonstrated or postulated in many of these conditions. This review provides an overview of the development, composition, function, and pathological changes of astrocyte endfeet and highlights the gaps in our knowledge that future research should address.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Díaz-Castro
- UK Dementia Research Institute and Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK;
| | - Stefanie Robel
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA;
| | - Anusha Mishra
- Department of Neurology Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research and Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA;
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Chen YP, Wang KX, Cai JQ, Li Y, Yu HL, Wu Q, Meng W, Wang H, Yin CH, Wu J, Huang MB, Li R, Guan DG. Detecting Key Functional Components Group and Speculating the Potential Mechanism of Xiao-Xu-Ming Decoction in Treating Stroke. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:753425. [PMID: 35646921 PMCID: PMC9136080 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.753425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a cerebrovascular event with cerebral blood flow interruption which is caused by occlusion or bursting of cerebral vessels. At present, the main methods in treating stroke are surgical treatment, statins, and recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA). Relatively, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has widely been used at clinical level in China and some countries in Asia. Xiao-Xu-Ming decoction (XXMD) is a classical and widely used prescription in treating stroke in China. However, the material basis of effect and the action principle of XXMD are still not clear. To solve this issue, we designed a new system pharmacology strategy that combined targets of XXMD and the pathogenetic genes of stroke to construct a functional response space (FRS). The effective proteins from this space were determined by using a novel node importance calculation method, and then the key functional components group (KFCG) that could mediate the effective proteins was selected based on the dynamic programming strategy. The results showed that enriched pathways of effective proteins selected from FRS could cover 99.10% of enriched pathways of reference targets, which were defined by overlapping of component targets and pathogenetic genes. Targets of optimized KFCG with 56 components can be enriched into 166 pathways that covered 80.43% of 138 pathways of 1,012 pathogenetic genes. A component potential effect score (PES) calculation model was constructed to calculate the comprehensive effective score of components in the components-targets-pathways (C-T-P) network of KFCGs, and showed that ferulic acid, zingerone, and vanillic acid had the highest PESs. Prediction and docking simulations show that these components can affect stroke synergistically through genes such as MEK, NFκB, and PI3K in PI3K-Akt, cAMP, and MAPK cascade signals. Finally, ferulic acid, zingerone, and vanillic acid were tested to be protective for PC12 cells and HT22 cells in increasing cell viabilities after oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD). Our proposed strategy could improve the accuracy on decoding KFCGs of XXMD and provide a methodologic reference for the optimization, mechanism analysis, and secondary development of the formula in TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-peng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke-xin Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, National Key Clinical Specialty/Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Neurosurgery Institute, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie-qi Cai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Radiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-lang Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Burns, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Meng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Handuo Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuan-hui Yin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mian-bo Huang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Mian-bo Huang, ; Rong Li, ; Dao-gang Guan,
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Mian-bo Huang, ; Rong Li, ; Dao-gang Guan,
| | - Dao-gang Guan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Mian-bo Huang, ; Rong Li, ; Dao-gang Guan,
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Houeiss P, Njeim R, Tamim H, Hamdy AF, Azar TS, Azar WS, Noureldein M, Zeidan YH, Rashid A, Azar ST, Eid AA. Urinary 20-HETE: A prospective Non-Invasive prognostic and diagnostic marker for diabetic kidney disease. J Adv Res 2022; 44:109-117. [PMID: 36725183 PMCID: PMC9936418 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The identification and validation of a non-invasive prognostic marker for early detection of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) can lead to substantial improvement in therapeutic decision-making. OBJECTIVES The main objective of this study is to assess the potential role of the arachidonic acid (AA) metabolite 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic (20-HETE) in predicting the incidence and progression of DKD. METHODS Healthy patients and patients with diabetes were recruited from the Hamad General Hospital in Qatar, and urinary 20-HETE levels were measured. Data analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). RESULTS Our results show that urinary 20-HETE-to-creatinine (20-HETE/Cr) ratios were significantly elevated in patients with DKD when compared to patients with diabetes who did not exhibit clinical signs of kidney injury (p < 0.001). This correlation was preserved in the multivariate linear regression accounting for age, diabetes, family history of kidney disease, hypertension, dyslipidemia, stroke and metabolic syndrome. Urinary 20-HETE/Cr ratios were also positively correlated with the severity of kidney injury as indicated by albuminuria levels (p < 0.001). A urinary 20-HETE/Cr ratio of 4.6 pmol/mg discriminated between the presence and absence of kidney disease with a sensitivity of 82.2 % and a specificity of 67.1%. More importantly, a 10-unit increase in urinary 20-HETE/Cr ratio was tied to a 10-fold increase in the risk of developing DKD, suggesting a 20-HETE prognostic efficiency. CONCLUSION Taken together, our results suggest that urinary 20-HETE levels can potentially be used as non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic markers for DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Houeiss
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon,AUB Diabetes Program, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Rachel Njeim
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon,AUB Diabetes Program, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hani Tamim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ahmed F. Hamdy
- Department of Nephrology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Tanya S. Azar
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon,AUB Diabetes Program, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - William S. Azar
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon,AUB Diabetes Program, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Mohamed Noureldein
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon,AUB Diabetes Program, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Youssef H. Zeidan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Awad Rashid
- Department of Nephrology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sami T. Azar
- AUB Diabetes Program, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon,Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Assaad A. Eid
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon,AUB Diabetes Program, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon,Corresponding author at: American University of Beirut, Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, Bliss Street, 11-0236, Riad El- Solh 1107-2020, Lebanon.
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5
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Li Z, McConnell HL, Stackhouse TL, Pike MM, Zhang W, Mishra A. Increased 20-HETE Signaling Suppresses Capillary Neurovascular Coupling After Ischemic Stroke in Regions Beyond the Infarct. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:762843. [PMID: 34819839 PMCID: PMC8606525 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.762843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurovascular coupling, the process by which neuronal activity elicits increases in the local blood supply, is impaired in stroke patients in brain regions outside the infarct. Such impairment may contribute to neurological deterioration over time, but its mechanism is unknown. Using the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model of stroke, we show that neuronal activity-evoked capillary dilation is reduced by ∼75% in the intact cortical tissue outside the infarct border. This decrease in capillary responsiveness was not explained by a decrease in local neuronal activity or a loss of vascular contractility. Inhibiting synthesis of the vasoconstrictive molecule 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), either by inhibiting its synthetic enzyme CYP450 ω-hydroxylases or by increasing nitric oxide (NO), which is a natural inhibitor of ω-hydroxylases, rescued activity-evoked capillary dilation. The capillary dilation unmasked by inhibiting 20-HETE was dependent on PGE2 activation of endoperoxide 4 (EP4) receptors, a vasodilatory pathway previously identified in healthy animals. Cortical 20-HETE levels were increased following MCAO, in agreement with data from stroke patients. Inhibition of ω-hydroxylases normalized 20-HETE levels in vivo and increased cerebral blood flow in the peri-infarct cortex. These data identify 20-HETE-dependent vasoconstriction as a mechanism underlying capillary neurovascular coupling impairment after stroke. Our results suggest that the brain's energy supply may be significantly reduced after stroke in regions previously believed to be asymptomatic and that ω-hydroxylase inhibition may restore healthy neurovascular coupling post-stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhou Li
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Heather L. McConnell
- Department of Neurology, Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Teresa L. Stackhouse
- Department of Neurology, Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Martin M. Pike
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Wenri Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Anusha Mishra
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
- Department of Neurology, Jungers Center for Neurosciences Research, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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Zhang J, Xiong Q, Yang L, Xue Y, Ke M, Li Z. Cytochrome P450 2J2 inhibits the proliferation and angiogenesis of retinal vascular endothelial cells by regulating the Notch signaling pathway in a hypoxia-induced retinopathy model. Bioengineered 2021; 12:10878-10890. [PMID: 34666595 PMCID: PMC8809993 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1994722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP), a type of retinal neovascularization in premature infants, has become a serious problem that drastically affects the quality of life of premature infants. ROP is associated with angiogenesis and neovascularization. Here, we aimed to explain the function and latent roles of Cytochrome P450 2J2 (CYP2J2) in hypoxia-induced retinopathy in retinal vascular endothelial cells (HRVECs). HRVECs were stimulated with hypoxia for 24 h to establish an in vitro retinopathy model. Cell viability and migration were evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Transwell assays, respectively. Protein and gene expression was determined by reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot analysis. We observed that pcDNA3.1(+)-CYP2J2 promoted CYP2J2 and Jagged1 expression, while Dll4 was down-regulated in hypoxia-stimulated HRVECs. Additionally, pcDNA3.1(+)-CYP2J2 inhibited HRVEC viability, reduced PCNA expression, and inhibited the migration of HRVECs. Further, the Notch pathway was inhibited in the Hypoxia+pcDNA3.1(+)-CYP2J2 group. Opposite results were observed upon Terfenadone treatment in hypoxia induced HRVECs. Finally, our findings further verified that DAPT promotes the effects of CYP2J2 on cell viability, migration, and Notch signaling in hypoxia-induced HRVECs, while EDTA reversed the inhibitory effects of CYP2J2 on hypoxia-induced HRVECs. In conclusions, CYP2J2 was found to inhibit the viability and angiogenesis of HRVECs by inhibiting Notch signaling in a hypoxia-induced retinopathy model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Xiong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanni Xue
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Ke
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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7
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Cheng G, Zhao W, Xin Y, Huang G, Liu Y, Li Z, Zhan M, Li Y, Lu L, van Leyen K, Liu Y. Effects of ML351 and tissue plasminogen activator combination therapy in a rat model of focal embolic stroke. J Neurochem 2021; 157:586-598. [PMID: 33481248 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Thrombolytic stroke therapy with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is limited by risks of hemorrhagic transformation (HT). We have reported that a new 12/15-lipoxygenase (12/15-LOX) inhibitor ML351 reduced tPA related HT in mice subjected to experimental stroke under anticoagulation. In this study, we asked whether ML351 can ameliorate tPA induced HT in an embolic stroke model. Rats were subjected to embolic middle cerebral artery occlusion with 2 or 3 hr ischemia and tPA infusion, with or without ML351. Regional cerebral blood flow was monitored 2 hr after ischemia and continuously monitored for 1 hr after treatment for determining reperfusion. Hemoglobin was determined in brain homogenates and infarct volume was quantified at 24 hr after stroke.12/15-LOX, cluster of differentiation 68(CD68), immunoglobulin G (IgG), and tight junction proteins expression was detected by immunohistochemistry. ML351 significantly reduced tPA related hemorrhage after stroke without affecting its thrombolytic efficacy. ML351 also reduced blood-brain barrier disruption and improved preservation of junction proteins. ML351 and tPA combination improved neurological deficit of rats even though ML351 did not further reduce the infarct volume compared to tPA alone treated animals. Pro-inflammatory cytokines were suppressed by ML351 both in vivo and in vitro experiments. We further showed that ML351 suppressed the expression of c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) in brains and microglia cultures, whereas exogenous 12-HETE attenuated this effect in vitro. In conclusion, ML351 and tPA combination therapy is beneficial in ameliorating HT after ischemic stroke. This protective effect is probably because of 12/15-LOX inhibition and suppression of JNK-mediated microglia/macrophage activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangsen Cheng
- Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai People's Hospital of Jinan University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai People's Hospital of Jinan University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yongjie Xin
- Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai People's Hospital of Jinan University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Guomin Huang
- Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai People's Hospital of Jinan University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yongkang Liu
- Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai People's Hospital of Jinan University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Zhongliang Li
- Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai People's Hospital of Jinan University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Meixiao Zhan
- Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai People's Hospital of Jinan University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Yong Li
- Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai People's Hospital of Jinan University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Ligong Lu
- Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai People's Hospital of Jinan University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Klaus van Leyen
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Yu Liu
- Zhuhai Interventional Medical Center, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Zhuhai People's Hospital of Jinan University, Zhuhai, China
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Wu SP, Wang N, Zhao L. Network Pharmacology Reveals the Mechanism of Activity of Tongqiao Huoxue Decoction Extract Against Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion-Induced Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:572624. [PMID: 33519437 PMCID: PMC7844429 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.572624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Several clinical therapies such as tissue repair by replacing injured tissues with functional ones have been reported; however, there is great potential for exploring traditional herbal-induced regeneration with good safety. Tongqiao Huoxue Decoction (TQHXD), a well-known classical traditional Chinese medicinal formula, has been widely used for clinical treatment of stroke. However, biological activity and mechanisms of action of its constituents toward conferring protection against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury remain unclear. In this present study, we evaluated TQHXD quality using HPLC; then, it was screened for its potential active ingredients using a series of indices, such as their drug-likeness and oral bioavailability. Subsequently, we analyzed the potential mechanisms of TQHXD anti-I/R using gene ontology functional enrichment analyses. The network pharmacological approach enabled us to screen 265 common targets associated with I/R, indicating that TQHXD had remarkable protective effects on infarction volume, neurological function scores, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) injury. In addition, TQHXD significantly promoted the recovery of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) 7 days after reperfusion compared to rats in the vehicle group. Immunofluorescence results revealed a significantly higher CD34 expression in TQHXD-treated rats 7 days after reperfusion. TQHXD is not merely effective but eventually develops a secretory profile composed of VEGF and cerebral blood flow, a typical signature termed the angiogenesis-associated phenotype. Mechanistically, our data revealed that TQHXD (6 g/kg) treatment resulted in a marked increase in expression of p-focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and p-Paxillin proteins. However, Ki8751-mediated inhibition of VEGFR2 activity repealed its angiogenesis and protective effects and decreased both p-FAK and p-Paxillin protein levels. Taken together, these findings affirmed the potential of TQHXD as a drug for the management of stroke, which might be exerted by increasing the angiogenesis via the VEGF pathway. Therefore, these results provide proof-of-concept evidence that angiogenesis is a major contributor to TQHXD-treated I/R and that TQHXD is a promising traditional ethnic medicine for the management of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Peng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula of Anhui Province, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula of Anhui Province, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Institute for Pharmacodynamics and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula of Anhui Province, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Institute for Pharmacodynamics and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
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9
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Kloska A, Malinowska M, Gabig-Cimińska M, Jakóbkiewicz-Banecka J. Lipids and Lipid Mediators Associated with the Risk and Pathology of Ischemic Stroke. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103618. [PMID: 32443889 PMCID: PMC7279232 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a severe neurological disorder in humans that results from an interruption of the blood supply to the brain. Worldwide, stoke affects over 100 million people each year and is the second largest contributor to disability. Dyslipidemia is a modifiable risk factor for stroke that is associated with an increased risk of the disease. Traditional and non-traditional lipid measures are proposed as biomarkers for the better detection of subclinical disease. In the central nervous system, lipids and lipid mediators are essential to sustain the normal brain tissue structure and function. Pathways leading to post-stroke brain deterioration include the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids. A variety of lipid mediators are generated from fatty acids and these molecules may have either neuroprotective or neurodegenerative effects on the post-stroke brain tissue; therefore, they largely contribute to the outcome and recovery from stroke. In this review, we provide an overview of serum lipids associated with the risk of ischemic stroke. We also discuss the role of lipid mediators, with particular emphasis on eicosanoids, in the pathology of ischemic stroke. Finally, we summarize the latest research on potential targets in lipid metabolic pathways for ischemic stroke treatment and on the development of new stroke risk biomarkers for use in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kloska
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Marcelina Malinowska
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Magdalena Gabig-Cimińska
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.K.); (M.M.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kładki 24, 80-822 Gdańsk, Poland
- Correspondence: (M.G.-C.); (J.J.-B.); Tel.: +48-585-236-046 (M.G.-C.); +48-585-236-043 (J.J.-B.)
| | - Joanna Jakóbkiewicz-Banecka
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; (A.K.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.G.-C.); (J.J.-B.); Tel.: +48-585-236-046 (M.G.-C.); +48-585-236-043 (J.J.-B.)
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Wu X, Zhang X, Li D, Zhu Z. Plasma level of miR-99b may serve as potential diagnostic and short-term prognostic markers in patients with acute cerebral infarction. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34:e23093. [PMID: 31967688 PMCID: PMC7083409 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of the present study is to explore the potential diagnostic and prognostic value of plasma levels of miR‐99 family for patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI). Methods A total of 112 patients who have been diagnosed with ACI were enrolled in this study, and 112 healthy volunteers were served as the controls. The plasma of the patients and controls were collected, and total RNAs were isolated, and the expression levels of miR‐99a, miR‐99b, and miR‐100 in the plasma of patients and controls were compared determined by RT‐qPCR methods; moreover, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve has been drawn to determine whether the plasma levels of miR‐99b can distinguish patients with ACI from the controls; furthermore, the short‐term prognosis of the patients was evaluated by glasgow outcome scale (GOS), and the correlation between the plasma levels of miR‐99b and the GOS of the patients was evaluated. Finally, the correlation between the plasma level of miR‐99 and VEGF of ACI patients was analyzed. Results It was observed that miR‐99b was significantly decreased in the plasma of ACI patients compared with the healthy controls (P < .01), while the plasma levels of miR‐99a and miR‐100 showed no significant differences between the patients with ACI and the healthy controls; moreover, the area under the curve (AUC) of miR‐99b for the diagnosis of ACI was 0.8882 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.8451‐0.9313), suggesting that plasma level of miR‐99b is a sensitive marker to distinguish patients with ACI from the healthy volunteers; furthermore, the serum level of miR‐99b was negatively correlated with GOS score of the patients (r = −.56, P < .001); finally, the plasma level of miR‐99b was negatively correlated with the levels of VEGF (r = −.3013, P = .0012). Conclusion miR‐99b was down‐regulated in plasma of patients with ACI, and plasma level of miR‐99b may be a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker for the diagnosis and treatment of ACI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomu Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan No. 6 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongqing Li
- Department of Neurology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Ziyang Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Critical, Wuhan No. 6 Hospital, Wuhan, China
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TGF-β2/Smad3 Signaling Pathway Activation Through Enhancing VEGF and CD34 Ameliorates Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury After Isoflurane Post-conditioning in Rats. Neurochem Res 2019; 44:2606-2618. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-019-02880-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Zhang B, Zhu X, Wang L, Hao S, Xu X, Niu F, He W, Liu B. Dexamethasone impairs neurofunctional recovery in rats following traumatic brain injury by reducing circulating endothelial progenitor cells and angiogenesis. Brain Res 2019; 1725:146469. [PMID: 31541641 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The administration of glucocorticoids (GCs) after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is controversial. Clinical evidence reveals the deleterious effects of GCs, but the mechanism remains unclear. Previous studies indicate that GCs impair wound healing by affecting endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) function and inhibiting angiogenesis after skin injury. Thus, we hypothesize that the central deleterious effect of GCs is associated with reduced EPCs and angiogenesis after TBI. Using a controlled cortical impact model, we examined the dynamic changes in circulating EPCs and in the regional microcirculation within 14 days of TBI by flow cytometry analysis and contrast-enhanced ultrasound, respectively. The modified neurological severity score (mNSS) and Morris water maze assay were used to assess neurological recovery. Angiogenesis and hippocampal neuron counts were assessed using immunohistochemistry analysis and hematoxylin and eosin staining 14 days after TBI. Compared with the TBI control group, dexamethasone treatment significantly reduced the number of circulating EPCs on days 1, 3, 7 and 14 (P < 0.05); decreased the number of CD31+ cells, the peak intensity and the number of hippocampal neurons on day 14 (P < 0.05); increased the latency on days 12 and 13 (P < 0.05); and reduced the percentage of time spent in the goal quadrant (P < 0.05) on day 14. Similarly, dexamethasone increased the mNSS on days 7 and 14 (P < 0.05). A strong correlation was observed between these results at 14 days after TBI (r = 0.815-0.892, P < 0.05). These data indicate that DEX inhibits the mobilization of EPC levels and angiogenesis around the lesion after TBI, which may contribute to neuronal cell loss and impaired neurofunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueli Zhu
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Fifth Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuyu Hao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojian Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Niu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen He
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Baiyun Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Nerve Injury and Repair Center of Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China; China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China.
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Conflicting Roles of 20-HETE in Hypertension and Stroke. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184500. [PMID: 31514409 PMCID: PMC6770042 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is the most common modifiable risk factor for stroke, and understanding the underlying mechanisms of hypertension and hypertension-related stroke is crucial. 20-hydroxy-5, 8, 11, 14-eicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), which plays an important role in vasoconstriction, autoregulation, endothelial dysfunction, angiogenesis, inflammation, and blood-brain barrier integrity, has been linked to hypertension and stroke. 20-HETE can promote hypertension by potentiating the vascular response to vasoconstrictors; it also can reduce blood pressure by inhibition of sodium transport in the kidney. The production of 20-HETE is elevated after the onset of both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes; on the other hand, subjects with genetic variants in CYP4F2 and CYP4A11 that reduce 20-HETE production are more susceptible to stroke. This review summarizes recent genetic variants in CYP4F2, and CYP4A11 influencing 20-HETE production and discusses the role of 20-HETE in hypertension and the susceptibility to the onset, progression, and prognosis of ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes.
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Huang J, Zhao Q, Li M, Duan Q, Zhao Y, Zhang H. The effects of endothelium-specific CYP2J2 overexpression on the attenuation of retinal ganglion cell apoptosis in a glaucoma rat model. FASEB J 2019; 33:11194-11209. [PMID: 31295013 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900756r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Vascular factors play a substantial role in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. Expressed in the vascular endothelium, cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2J2 is one of the CYP epoxygenases that metabolize arachidonic acid to produce epoxyeicosatrienoic acids and exert pleiotropic protective effects on the vasculature. In the present study, we investigated whether endothelium-specific overexpression of CYP2J2 (tie2-CYP2J2-Tr) protects against retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss induced by glaucoma and in what way retinal vessels are involved in this process. We used a glaucoma model of retinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats and found that endothelium-specific overexpression of CYP2J2 attenuated RGC loss induced by retinal I/R. Moreover, retinal I/R triggered retinal vascular senescence, indicated by up-regulated senescence-related proteins p53, p16, and β-galactosidase activity. The senescent endothelial cells resulted in pericyte loss and increased endothelial secretion of matrix metallopeptidase 9, which further contributed to RGC loss. CYP2J2 overexpression alleviated vascular senescence, pericyte loss, and matrix metallopeptidase 9 secretion. CYP2J2 suppressed endothelial senescence by down-regulating senescence-associated proteins p53 and p16. These 2 proteins were positively regulated by microRNA-128-3p, which was inhibited by CYP2J2. These results suggest that CYP2J2 protects against endothelial senescence and RGC loss in glaucoma, a discovery that may lead to the development of a potential treatment strategy for glaucoma.-Huang, J., Zhao, Q., Li, M., Duan, Q., Zhao, Y., Zhang, H. The effects of endothelium-specific CYP2J2 overexpression on the attenuation of retinal ganglion cell apoptosis in a glaucoma rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqiu Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qinshuo Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mu Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiming Duan
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yin Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, University of California-San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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