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Ahmadi S, Majidi M, Koraei M, Vasef S. The Inflammation/NF-κB and BDNF/TrkB/CREB Pathways in the Cerebellum Are Implicated in the Changes in Spatial Working Memory After Both Morphine Dependence and Withdrawal in Rat. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:6721-6733. [PMID: 38347284 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03993-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
We aimed to explore the impact of the cerebellum on the decline in spatial working memory following morphine dependence and withdrawal. Two groups of male Wistar rats received intraperitoneal injections of either saline (1 ml/kg) or morphine (10 mg/kg) twice daily for 10 days, serving as the control and dependent groups. Additionally, a withdrawal group underwent a 30-day withdrawal period after the dependence phase. Spatial working memory was assessed using a Y maze test. ELISA and western blot were used to assess protein levels in the cerebellum. On day 1, morphine impaired spatial working memory, deteriorated further after 10 days of morphine use, and nearly returned to its initial level following a 30-day withdrawal period. On day 10, significant increases in TNF-α, IL-1β, and CXCL12 and a notable decrease in IL-10 levels were detected in the morphine-dependent group, which did not completely restore in the withdrawal group. The protein levels of CXCR4, TLR4, P2X7R, and NF-κB sharply increased in the morphine-dependent group. However, these levels almost returned to normal after withdrawal. In the morphine-dependent group, BDNF decreased, while TrkB and CREB1 increased noticeably. Nevertheless, after withdrawal, TrkB and CREB1 but not BDNF levels returned to normal. In the morphine-dependent group, both CACNA1 and KCNMA1 decreased significantly and after withdrawal, only KCNMA1 showed partial restoration, while CACNA1 did not. It can be concluded that inflammation/NF-κB and BDNF/TrkB/CREB pathways play key roles in neural adaptation within the cerebellum, contributing to the decline in spatial working memory after both morphine dependence and withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamseddin Ahmadi
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Kurdistan, P.O. Box 416, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Majidi
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Kurdistan, P.O. Box 416, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Maryam Koraei
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Kurdistan, P.O. Box 416, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Samira Vasef
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Kurdistan, P.O. Box 416, Sanandaj, Iran
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Nomiya H, Sakurai K, Miyamoto Y, Oka M, Yoneda Y, Hikida T, Yamada M. A Kpna1-deficient psychotropic drug-induced schizophrenia model mouse for studying gene-environment interactions. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3376. [PMID: 38336912 PMCID: PMC10858057 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53237-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
KPNA1 is a mediator of nucleocytoplasmic transport that is abundantly expressed in the mammalian brain and regulates neuronal differentiation and synaptic function. De novo mutations in Kpna1 have been identified using genome-wide association studies in humans with schizophrenia; however, it remains unclear how KPNA1 contributes to schizophrenia pathogenesis. Recent studies have suggested a complex combination of genetic and environmental factors that are closely related to psychiatric disorders. Here, we found that subchronic administration of phencyclidine, a psychotropic drug, induced vulnerability and behavioral abnormalities consistent with the symptoms of schizophrenia in Kpna1-deficient mice. Microarray assessment revealed that the expression levels of dopamine d1/d2 receptors, an RNA editing enzyme, and a cytoplasmic dynein component were significantly altered in the nucleus accumbens brain region in a gene-environment (G × E) interaction-dependent manner. Our findings demonstrate that Kpna1-deficient mice may be useful as a G × E interaction mouse model for psychiatric disorders and for further investigation into the pathogenesis of such diseases and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Nomiya
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan
| | - Koki Sakurai
- Laboratory for Advanced Brain Functions, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoichi Miyamoto
- Laboratory of Nuclear Transport Dynamics, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Masahiro Oka
- Laboratory of Nuclear Transport Dynamics, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Yoneda
- The Research Foundation for Microbial Diseases Osaka University, Integrated Life Science Building, Osaka University, 3-1 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Hikida
- Laboratory for Advanced Brain Functions, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Department of Research and Drug Discovery, Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 53 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8397, Japan.
| | - Masami Yamada
- Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuoka Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui, 910-1193, Japan.
- Life Science Innovation Center, University of Fukui, 3-9-1, Bunkyo, Fukui-City, Fukui, 910-8507, Japan.
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Identification of Morphine and Heroin-Treatment in Mice Using Metabonomics. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11090607. [PMID: 34564423 PMCID: PMC8467231 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11090607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although heroin and morphine are structural analogues and morphine is a metabolite of heroin, it is not known how the effect of each substance on metabolites in vivo differs. Heroin and morphine were administered to C57BL/6J mice in increasing doses from 2 to 25 and 3 to 9 mg kg−1 (twice a day, i.p.), respectively, for 20 days. The animals underwent withdrawal for 5 days and were readministered the drugs after 10 days. Serum and urine analytes were profiled using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and metabolic patterns were evaluated based on metabonomics data. Metabonomics data showed that heroin administration changed metabolic pattern, and heroin withdrawal did not quickly restore it to baseline levels. A relapse of heroin exposure changed metabolic pattern again. In contrast, although the administration of morphine changed metabolic pattern, whether from morphine withdrawal or relapse, metabolic pattern was similar to control levels. The analysis of metabolites showed that both heroin and morphine interfered with lipid metabolism, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and amino acid metabolism. In addition, both heroin and morphine increased the levels of 3-hydroxybutyric acid and citric acid but decreased the serum levels of 2-ketoglutaric acid and tryptophan. Moreover, heroin and morphine reduced the levels of aconitic acid, cysteine, glycine, and oxalic acid in urine. The results show 3-Hydroxybutyric acid, tryptophan, citric acid and 2-ketoglutaric acid can be used as potential markers of opiate abuse in serum, while oxalic acid, aconitic acid, cysteine, and glycine can be used as potential markers in urine.
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Malboosi N, Nasehi M, Hashemi M, Vaseghi S, Zarrindast MR. The neuroprotective effect of NeuroAid on morphine-induced amnesia with respect to the expression of TFAM, PGC-1α, ΔfosB and CART genes in the hippocampus of male Wistar rats. Gene 2020; 742:144601. [PMID: 32198124 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Morphine is a natural alkaloid which derived from the opium poppy Papaver somniferum. Many studies have reported the effect of morphine on learning, memory and gene expression. CART (cocaine-amphetamine regulated transcript)is an important neuropeptide which has a critical role in physiological processes including drug dependence and antioxidant activity. ΔfosB is a transcription factor which modulates synaptic plasticity and affects learning and memory. TFAM (the mitochondrial transcription factor A) and PGC-1α (Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α) are critically involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant pathways. NeuroAid is a Chinese medicine that induces neuroprotective and anti-apoptotic effects. In this research, we aimed to investigate the effect of NeuroAid on morphine-induced amnesia with respect to the expression of TFAM, PGC-1α, ΔfosB and CART in the rat's hippocampus. In this study, Morphine sulfate (at increasing doses), Naloxone hydrochloride (2.5 mg/kg) and NeuroAid (2.5 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneal and real-time PCR reactions were done to assess gene expression. The results showed, morphine impaired memory of step-through passive avoidance, while NeuroAid had no effect. NeuroAid attenuated (but not reversed) morphine-induced memory impairment in morphine-addicted rats. Morphine increased the expression of PGC-1α and decreased the expression of CART. However, NeuroAid increased the expression of TFAM, PGC-1α, ΔfosB and CART. NeuroAid restored the effect of morphine on the expression of CART and PGC-1α. In conclusion, morphine impaired memory of step-through passive avoidance and NeuroAid attenuated this effect. The effect of NeuroAid on morphine-induced memory impairment/gene expression may be related to its anti-apoptotic and neuroprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Malboosi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nasehi
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salar Vaseghi
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neuroendocrinology, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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