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Xue L, Du R, Bi N, Xiao Q, Sun Y, Niu R, Tan Y, Chen L, Liu J, Wang T, Xiong L. Transplantation of human placental chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells for repair of neurological damage in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:2027-2035. [PMID: 38227532 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.390952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202409000-00035/figure1/v/2024-01-16T170235Z/r/image-tiff Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is often associated with permanent cerebral palsy, neurosensory impairments, and cognitive deficits, and there is no effective treatment for complications related to hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. The therapeutic potential of human placental chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells for various diseases has been explored. However, the potential use of human placental chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy has not yet been investigated. In this study, we injected human placental chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells into the lateral ventricle of a neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy rat model and observed significant improvements in both cognitive and motor function. Protein chip analysis showed that interleukin-3 expression was significantly elevated in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy model rats. Following transplantation of human placental chorionic plate-derived mesenchymal stem cells, interleukin-3 expression was downregulated. To further investigate the role of interleukin-3 in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, we established an in vitro SH-SY5Y cell model of hypoxic-ischemic injury through oxygen-glucose deprivation and silenced interleukin-3 expression using small interfering RNA. We found that the activity and proliferation of SH-SY5Y cells subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation were further suppressed by interleukin-3 knockdown. Furthermore, interleukin-3 knockout exacerbated neuronal damage and cognitive and motor function impairment in rat models of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. The findings suggest that transplantation of hpcMSCs ameliorated behavioral impairments in a rat model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, and this effect was mediated by interleukin-3-dependent neurological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Xue
- Transformation Research Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ruolan Du
- Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ning Bi
- Department of Animal Zoology, Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Qiuxia Xiao
- Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yifei Sun
- Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ruize Niu
- Department of Animal Zoology, Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yaxin Tan
- Department of Pediatrics, the People's Liberation Army Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Animal Zoology, Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Tinghua Wang
- Transformation Research Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Animal Zoology, Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Liulin Xiong
- Transformation Research Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
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Yang F, Lian Q, Zhang X, Sun F, Jia S, Zhao W. Aucubin provides protection against cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury by suppressing neuronal apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation through the modulation of the AKT-GSK-3β-Nrf2 signal cascade. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 483:116829. [PMID: 38246288 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Aucubin (AU) is a naturally occurring iridoid glycoside known to possess a wide range of pharmacological properties and exhibit a notable protective effect against various pathological conditions. Studies have shown that AU has neuroprotective properties in different neurological diseases. However, its potential protective effects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CIR) injury have not been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed to investigate the impact of AU on CIR injury and explore the underlying mechanism. Cultured neurons treated with AU showed a significant reduction in apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation caused by oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R). In a rat model of CIR, treatment with AU resulted in a significant decrease in cerebral infarct size and neurological deficits. AU treatment also reversed the increased apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation in the brains of CIR rats. Furthermore, AU was found to enhance the activation of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), accompanied by increased phosphorylation of serine/threonine-protein kinase AKT and glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β). The activation of Nrf2 induced by AU was reversed when the AKT-GSK-3β cascade was blocked. Additionally, the neuroprotective effect of AU was significantly reduced when Nrf2 was pharmacologically suppressed. In conclusion, these findings suggest that AU exerts a neuroprotective effect on CIR injury, and this effect is mediated by the activation of Nrf2 through the AKT-GSK-3β axis. This work highlights the potential of AU as a drug candidate for the treatment of CIR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xianyang Hospital of Yan'an University, Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Qiufang Lian
- Department of Cardiology, Xianyang Hospital of Yan'an University, Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Feng Sun
- Department of Scientific Research, Xianyang Hospital of Yan'an University, Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Shuaiyun Jia
- Department of Pharmacy, Xianyang Hospital of Yan'an University, Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Xianyang Hospital of Yan'an University, Xianyang 712000, Shaanxi Province, China
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Wang Z, Zhu P, Liao B, You H, Cai Y. Effects and action mechanisms of individual cytokines contained in PRP on osteoarthritis. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:713. [PMID: 37735688 PMCID: PMC10515001 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04119-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is defined as a degenerative joint disease that can affect all tissues of the joint, including the articular cartilage, subchondral bone, ligaments capsule, and synovial membrane. The conventional nonoperative treatments are ineffective for cartilage repair and induce only symptomatic relief. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a platelet concentrate derived from autologous whole blood with a high concentration of platelets, which can exert anti-inflammatory and regenerative effects by releasing multiple growth factors and cytokines. Recent studies have shown that PRP exhibits clinical benefits in patients with OA. However, high operational and equipment requirements greatly limit the application of PRP to OA treatment. Past studies have indicated that high-concentration PRP growth factors and cytokines may be applied as a commercial replacement for PRP. We reviewed the relevant articles to summarize the feasibility and mechanisms of PRP-based growth factors in OA. The available evidence suggests that transforming growth factor-α and β, platelet-derived growth factors, epidermal growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-1, and connective tissue growth factors might benefit OA, while vascular endothelial growth factor, tumor necrosis factor-α, angiopoietin-1, and stromal cell derived factor-1α might induce negative effects on OA. The effects of fibroblast growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor, platelet factor 4, and keratinocyte growth factor on OA remain uncertain. Thus, it can be concluded that not all cytokines released by PRP are beneficial, although the therapeutic action of PRP has a valuable potential to improve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengchao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengfei Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cardiovascular, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bokai Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongbo You
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University and Technology, Jiefang Avenue No.1095, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Yu Cai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Hanzheng Street No.473, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, 430000, Hubei Province, China.
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Dan QQ, Chen L, Shi LL, Zhou X, Wang TH, Liu H. Urine-derived mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes enhances survival and proliferation of aging retinal ganglion cells. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2023; 24:8. [PMID: 36879194 PMCID: PMC9990288 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-023-00467-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was designed to investigate to test the effect of exosomes from urine-derived mesenchymal stem cells (USCs) on the survival and viability of aging retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), and explored the preliminary related mechanisms. METHODS Primary USCs were cultured and identified by immunofluorescence staining. Aging RGCs models were established by D-galactose treatment and identified by β-Galactosidase staining. After treatment with USCs conditioned medium (with USCs removal), flow cytometry was performed to examine the apoptosis and cell cycle of RGCs. Cell viability of RGCs was detected by Cell-counting Kit 8 (CCK8) assay. Moreover, gene sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were applied to analyze the genetic variation after medium treatment in RGCs along with the biological functions of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). RESULTS The number of apoptotic aging RGCs was significantly reduced in USCs medium-treated RGCs. Besides, USCs-derived exosomes exert significant promotion on the cell viability and proliferation of aging RGCs. Further, sequencing data analyzed and identified DEGs expressed in aging RGCs and aging RGCs treated with USCs conditioned medium. The sequencing outcomes demonstrated 117 upregulated genes and 186 downregulated genes in normal RGCs group vs aging RGCs group, 137 upregulated ones and 517 downregulated ones in aging RGCs group vs aging RGCs + USCs medium group. These DEGs involves in numerous positive molecular activities to promote the recovery of RGCs function. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, the therapeutic potentials of USCs-derived exosomes include suppression on cell apoptosis, enhancement on cell viability and proliferation of aging RGCs. The underlying mechanism involves multiple genetic variation and changes of transduction signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Qin Dan
- Institute of Neurological Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 88 Keyuan South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Neurological Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 88 Keyuan South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lan-Lan Shi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Tissue Embryology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xiu Zhou
- Laboratory Animal Department, Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Ting-Hua Wang
- Institute of Neurological Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 88 Keyuan South Road, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Eyes, Jinzhou Medical University, No.40, Section 3, Songpo Road, Linghe District, JinzhouLiaoning, 121001, China.
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Urine-derived stem cells ameliorates the aging of retinal pigment epithelial cells. Tissue Cell 2022; 79:101926. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2022.101926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Zhu P, Wang Z, Sun Z, Liao B, Cai Y. Recombinant platelet-derived growth factor-BB alleviates osteoarthritis in a rat model by decreasing chondrocyte apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:7472-7484. [PMID: 34250725 PMCID: PMC8335691 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease that mainly affects the diarthrodial joints. Treatments for OA include non‐pharmacological interventions, topical and oral therapies, intra‐articular therapies and joint surgery. However, all the treatments mentioned above mainly aim to control the symptoms instead of improving or reversing the joint condition. In this research, we observed the effect of recombinant platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF)‐BB on OA in a monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)–induced rat model and revealed the possible mechanisms. In vitro, the level of inflammation in the chondrocytes was gradually alleviated, and the apoptosis rate was gradually decreased by PDGF‐BB at increasing concentrations. The levels of p‐p38, Bax and caspase‐3 decreased, and the level of p‐Erk increased with increasing PDGF‐BB concentration. In vivo, PDGF‐BB could significantly reverse chondrocyte and matrix loss. Furthermore, high concentrations of PDGF‐BB could alleviate cartilage hyperplasia to remodel the tissue. The level of collagen II was up‐regulated, and the levels of collagen X and apoptosis were down‐regulated by increasing concentrations of PDGF‐BB. In conclusion, recombinant PDGF‐BB alleviated OA by down‐regulating caspase‐3‐dependent apoptosis. The effects of PDGF‐BB on OA mainly include inhibiting chondrocyte loss, reducing cartilage hyperplasia and osteophyte formation, and regulating collagen anabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengchao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenxing Sun
- Department of Ultrasound, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bokai Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Cai
- Department of Rehabilitation, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Blood Plasma Metabolic Profile of Newborns with Hypoxic-Ischaemic Encephalopathy by GC-MS. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6677271. [PMID: 34258280 PMCID: PMC8249136 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6677271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Early diagnosis of hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) is crucial in preventing neurodevelopmental disabilities and reducing morbidity and mortality. The study was to investigate the plasma metabolic signatures in the peripheral blood of HIE newborns and explore the potential diagnostic biomarkers. Method In the present study, 24 newborns with HIE and 24 healthy controls were recruited. The plasma metabolites were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the raw data was standardized by the EigenMS method. Significantly differential metabolites were identified by multivariate statistics. Pathway enrichment was performed by bioinformatics analysis. Meanwhile, the diagnostic value of candidate biomarkers was evaluated. Result The multivariate statistical models showed a robust capacity to distinguish the HIE cases from the controls. 52 metabolites were completely annotated. 331 significantly changed pathways were enriched based on seven databases, including 33 overlapped pathways. Most of them were related to amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, neurotransmitter biosynthesis, pyrimidine metabolism, the regulation of HIF by oxygen, and GPCR downstream signaling. 14 candidate metabolites showed great diagnostic potential on HIE. Among them, alpha-ketoglutaric acid has the potential to assess the severity of HIE in particular. Conclusion The blood plasma metabolic profile could comprehensively reflect the metabolic disorders of the whole body under hypoxia-ischaemic injury. Several candidate metabolites may serve as promising biomarkers for the early diagnosis of HIE. Further validation based on large clinical samples and the establishment of guidelines for the clinical application of mass spectrometry data standardization methods are imperative in the future.
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Xue LL, Du RL, Hu Y, Xiong LL, Su ZY, Ma Z, Tan YX, Liu J, Hu Q, Zhu ZQ, Liu XZ, Wang TH. BDNF promotes neuronal survival after neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy by up-regulating Stx1b and suppressing VDAC1. Brain Res Bull 2021; 174:131-140. [PMID: 34058286 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2021.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), is a major cause of neurologic disorders in terms of neonates, with the unclear underlying mechanisms. In the study, triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and Zea-longa score were performed to examine the neurologic damage in hypoxia and ischemia (HI) rats. The results showed that HI induced obviously infarct and serious neurologic impairment in neonatal rats. Then, protein chip was applied to detect the differential expression genes in cortex and hippocampus and found the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) down-regulated both in cortex and hippocampus. Moreover, low expression of BDNF after HI in right cortex and hippocampus was validate by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western Blotting (WB). Afterwards, overexpressing and interfering HSV vector were produced, then verified by immunofluorescent staining and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The results of Tuj1 staining indicated that overexpression of BDNF could promote axonal regeneration and inhibit neuron swelling, whereas BDNF interference take an opposite effect after Oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) injury. Finally, the interaction network among BDNF and associated proteins as examined by Genemania and confirmed by qRT-PCR. We found that the expression of VDAC1 was decreased and Stx1b was increased when BDNF overexpressing, which indicated that BDNF promoted neurite regrowth after OGD might be related to downregulation of VDAC1 and upregulation of Stx1b. Our results might provide novel strategy for the treatment of neurological defects induced by cerebral ischemia and hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu Xue
- Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Animal Zoology Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Ruo-Lan Du
- Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shuangliu District People's Hospital, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Liu-Lin Xiong
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia; Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Zhang-Yu Su
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base and Western Medicine Translational Medicine Research Center, Department of Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Zheng Ma
- Institute of Neuroscience, Animal Zoology Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Ya-Xin Tan
- Institute of Neuroscience, Animal Zoology Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Animal Zoology Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Qiao Hu
- Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhao-Qiong Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Xue-Zheng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Ting-Hua Wang
- Institute of Neurological Disease, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Animal Zoology Department, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China; Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China.
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Lan Y, Ng CT, Ong CN, Yu LE, Bay BH. Transcriptomic analysis identifies dysregulated genes and functional networks in human small airway epithelial cells exposed to ambient PM 2.5. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111702. [PMID: 33396033 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cellular models exhibiting human physiological features of pseudostratified columnar epithelia, provide a more realistic approach for elucidating detailed mechanisms underlying PM2.5-induced pulmonary toxicity. In this study, we characterized the barrier and mucociliary functions of differentiated human small airway epithelial cells (SAECs), cultured at the air-liquid interface (ALI). Due to the presence of mucociliary protection, particle internalization was reduced, with a concomitant decrease in cytotoxicity in differentiated S-ALI cells, as compared to conventional submerged SAEC cultures. After 24-hour exposure to PM2.5 surrogates, 117 up-regulated genes and 156 down-regulated genes were detected in S-ALI cells, through transcriptomic analysis using the Affymetrix Clariom™ S Human Array. Transcription-level changes in >60 signaling pathways, were revealed by functional annotation of the 273 differentially expressed genes, using the PANTHER Gene List Analysis. These pathways are involved in multiple cellular processes, that include inflammation and apoptosis. Exposure to urban PM2.5 led to complex responses in airway epithelia, including a net induction of downstream pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic responses. Collectively, this study highlights the importance of using the more advanced ALI model rather than the undifferentiated submerged model, to avoid over-assessment of inhaled particle toxicity in human. The results of our study also suggest that reduction of ambient PM2.5 concentrations would have a protective effect on respiratory health in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
| | - Cheng Teng Ng
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore; NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Choon Nam Ong
- NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore
| | - Liya E Yu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore; NUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117411, Singapore
| | - Boon Huat Bay
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore.
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Zhao Y, Yang J, Li C, Zhou G, Wan H, Ding Z, Wan H, Zhou H. Role of the neurovascular unit in the process of cerebral ischemic injury. Pharmacol Res 2020; 160:105103. [PMID: 32739425 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemic injury exhibits both high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Traditional research of the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemic injury has focused on separate analyses of the involved cell types. In recent years, the neurovascular unit (NVU) mechanism of cerebral ischemic injury has been proposed in modern medicine. Hence, more effective strategies for the treatment of cerebral ischemic injury may be provided through comprehensive analysis of brain cells and the extracellular matrix. However, recent studies that have investigated the function of the NVU in cerebral ischemic injury have been insufficient. In addition, the metabolism and energy conversion of the NVU depend on interactions among multiple cell types, which make it difficult to identify the unique contribution of each cell type. Therefore, in the present review, we comprehensively summarize the regulatory effects and recovery mechanisms of four major cell types (i.e., astrocytes, microglia, brain-microvascular endothelial cells, and neurons) in the NVU under cerebral ischemic injury, as well as discuss the interactions among these cell types in the NVU. Furthermore, we discuss the common signaling pathways and signaling factors that mediate cerebral ischemic injury in the NVU, which may help to provide a theoretical basis for the comprehensive elucidation of cerebral ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhao
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, PR China
| | - Jiehong Yang
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, PR China
| | - Chang Li
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, PR China
| | - Guoying Zhou
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, PR China
| | - Haofang Wan
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, PR China
| | - Zhishan Ding
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, PR China
| | - Haitong Wan
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, PR China.
| | - Huifen Zhou
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, PR China.
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Jiang Y, Bai X, Li TT, Al-Hawwas M, Jin Y, Zou Y, Hu Y, Liu LY, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Yang H, Ma J, Wang TH, Liu J, Xiong LL. COX5A over-expression protects cortical neurons from hypoxic ischemic injury in neonatal rats associated with TPI up-regulation. BMC Neurosci 2020; 21:18. [PMID: 32349668 PMCID: PMC7191708 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-020-00565-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) represents as a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms in brain damage are still not fully elucidated. This study was conducted to determine the specific potential molecular mechanism in the hypoxic-ischemic induced cerebral injury. METHODS Here, hypoxic-ischemic (HI) animal models were established and primary cortical neurons were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) to mimic HIE model in vivo and in vitro. The HI-induced neurological injury was evaluated by Zea-longa scores, Triphenyte-trazoliumchloride (TTC) staining the Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferased Utp Nick End Labeling (TUNEL) and immunofluorescent staining. Then the expression of Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5a (COX5A) was determined by immunohistochemistry, western blotting (WB) and quantitative real time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) techniques. Moreover, HSV-mediated COX5A over-expression virus was transducted into OGD neurons to explore the role of COX5A in vitro, and the underlying mechanism was predicted by GeneMANIA, then verified by WB and qRT-PCR. RESULTS HI induced a severe neurological dysfunction, brain infarction, and cell apoptosis as well as obvious neuron loss in neonatal rats, in corresponding to the decrease on the expression of COX5A in both sides of the brain. What's more, COX5A over-expression significantly promoted the neuronal survival, reduced the apoptosis rate, and markedly increased the neurites length after OGD. Moreover, Triosephosephate isomerase (TPI) was predicted as physical interactions with COX5A, and COX5A over-expression largely increased the expressional level of TPI. CONCLUSIONS The present findings suggest that COX5A plays an important role in promoting neurological recovery after HI, and this process is related to TPI up-regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Jiang
- Laboratory Zoology Department, Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xue Bai
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base and Western Medicine Translational Medicine Research Center, Department of Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Ting-Ting Li
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base and Western Medicine Translational Medicine Research Center, Department of Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Mohammed Al-Hawwas
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, 5000, South Australia
| | - Yuan Jin
- Laboratory Zoology Department, Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yu Zou
- Laboratory Zoology Department, Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Laboratory Zoology Department, Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Lin-Yi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Zhaotong, Zhaotong, 657000, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base and Western Medicine Translational Medicine Research Center, Department of Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Qing Liu
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base and Western Medicine Translational Medicine Research Center, Department of Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Laboratory Zoology Department, Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First People's Hospital of Zhaotong, Zhaotong, 657000, China
| | - Ting-Hua Wang
- Laboratory Zoology Department, Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
| | - Jia Liu
- Laboratory Zoology Department, Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
| | - Liu-Lin Xiong
- Laboratory Zoology Department, Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, 5000, South Australia.
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base and Western Medicine Translational Medicine Research Center, Department of Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
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