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Wang Z, Peng C, Zhang Y, Wang L, Yu L, Wang C. Characteristics of Zn Content and Localization, Cu-Zn SOD, and MT Levels in the Tissues of Marginally Zn-Deficient Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:262-271. [PMID: 35064869 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03119-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is an important trace element in the human body, and Zn deficiency affects the Zn content of major tissues. Marginal Zn deficiency is more common than severe Zn deficiency in humans. The objective of the present study was to compare the content and distribution of Zn and the change in the copper (Cu)-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) and metallothionein (MT) levels of soft tissues. Mice were fed with 30 mg/kg (control) or 10 mg/kg (marginally Zn-deficient, MZD) Zn diet for 35 days. We observed that only the Zn contents of serum, bones, and muscles in the control group were higher than those in the MZD group. Autometallography (AMG) was used as a method for staining Zn ions, and the semi-quantitative result indicated that the AMG products of the liver, duodenum, heart, lung, testes, and epididymis in the control group were higher than those in the MZD group. Furthermore, the contents of MT and the activities of Cu-Zn SOD in the testes, brain, duodenum, and liver were higher in the control group than those in the MZD group. However, the AMG products and the activities of Cu-Zn SOD of the kidney in the MZD group were more/higher than those in the control group. These results indicated that a change in the total Zn content of soft tissues may be not obvious and insensitive, and thus, more attention should be given to the distribution and localization of Zn ions. The functional indicators, MT and Cu-Zn SOD, are suitable biomarkers for evaluating zinc nutritional status. The brain, testes, duodenum, and liver are susceptive organs to Zn deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiong Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Yu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhong Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People's Republic of China.
- Hubei Biomass-Resource Chemistry and Environmental Biotechnology Key Laboratory, Wuhan University, 115# Donghu Road, Wuhan, China.
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2
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Wang M, Wang WX. Meeting Zn Needs during Medaka Eye Development: Nanoscale Visualization of Retina by Expansion Microscopy. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:15780-15790. [PMID: 36266765 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c06479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fish eyes require high Zn levels to support their early development. Although numerous studies have been conducted on the nutritional and toxic effects of Zn on the eye, the Zn requirement for retinal cell development is still debatable. Moreover, due to the complexity of the retinal structure, it is difficult to clearly visualize each retinal layer and accurately separate cell morphology in vivo by conventional methods. In the present study, we for the first time have achieved nanoscale imaging of retinal anatomy affected by dietary and waterborne Zn exposure by novel expansion microscopy. We demonstrated that the fish retina showed different developmental strategies in response to dietary and aqueous Zn exposures. Excess dietary Zn produced toxicity to retinal photoreceptor cells, resulting in a reduction in cell number and cell area, and this toxicity became severe with biological development. In contrast, waterborne Zn in the natural environment probably failed to meet the Zn requirements of retinal development. Overall, our results indicated that during early development, the Zn requirement of the fish eyes was sensitive, and oversupplementation led to impaired photoreceptor cell development. Our study has provided new perspectives using the powerful and novel expansion microscopy technique in toxicity assessment, enabling ultra-clear visualization of small but complex organ development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Wang
- School of Energy and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 518057, China
- Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- School of Energy and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 518057, China
- Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
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3
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Wu A, Bai S, Ding X, Wang J, Zeng Q, Peng H, Wu B, Zhang K. The Systemic Zinc Homeostasis Was Modulated in Broilers Challenged by Salmonella. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 196:243-251. [PMID: 31641975 PMCID: PMC7289780 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-01921-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Salmonella challenge leads to systemic responses that induce the hypozincaemia in mice, which is considered a vital strategy against Salmonella invasion. However, it is not yet known if this phenomenon occurs in broilers. To investigate the change in zinc homeostasis of broilers against Salmonella challenge, 1-day-old male broilers were fed with the basal diet for 7 days. Afterwards, broilers were orally inoculated with either 0 or 0.5 × 108 CFU Salmonella Typhimurium (ST). The serum and selected tissues of Salmonella-challenged and non-challenged broilers were collected at 1, 3 and 7 days post-challenge for zinc homeostasis analysis. Our results showed that Salmonella challenge results in hypozincaemia (serum zinc decrease and liver zinc increase) via modulating the systemic zinc homeostasis of broilers. A profound, zinc transporter-mediated zinc absorption and redistribution affecting zinc homeostasis provided a mechanistic explanation for this phenomenon. In addition, we found that the zinc importers Zip5, Zip10, Zip11, Zip12, Zip13 and Zip14 were mainly downregulated in Salmonella-challenged broilers to reduce zinc absorption in the duodenum, while the Zip14 mRNA expression was upregulated to redistribute zinc into the liver. Collectively, these findings reveal that broilers counteract Salmonella infection via modulating their systemic zinc homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimin Wu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiping Bai
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuemei Ding
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiufeng Zeng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Huanwei Peng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Bing Wu
- Sichuan Chelota Group, Liangshui Village, Jinyu Town, Guanghan City, 618300, Sichuan, China
| | - Keying Zhang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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Gilbert R, Peto T, Lengyel I, Emri E. Zinc Nutrition and Inflammation in the Aging Retina. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 63:e1801049. [PMID: 31148351 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201801049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Zinc is an essential nutrient for human health. It plays key roles in maintaining protein structure and stability, serves as catalytic factor for many enzymes, and regulates diverse fundamental cellular processes. Zinc is important in affecting signal transduction and, in particular, in the development and integrity of the immune system, where it affects both innate and adaptive immune responses. The eye, especially the retina-choroid complex, has an unusually high concentration of zinc compared to other tissues. The highest amount of zinc is concentrated in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) (RPE-choroid, 292 ± 98.5 µg g-1 dry tissue), followed by the retina (123 ± 62.2 µg g-1 dry tissue). The interplay between zinc and inflammation has been explored in other parts of the body but, so far, has not been extensively researched in the eye. Several lines of evidence suggest that ocular zinc concentration decreases with age, especially in the context of age-related disease. Thus, a hypothesis that retinal function could be modulated by zinc nutrition is proposed, and subsequently trialled clinically. In this review, the distribution and the potential role of zinc in the retina-choroid complex is outlined, especially in relation to inflammation and immunity, and the clinical studies to date are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosie Gilbert
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, City Road, London, EC1V 2PD, UK.,UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, Bath Street, London, EC1V 2EL, UK
| | - Tunde Peto
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Ireland
| | - Imre Lengyel
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, Bath Street, London, EC1V 2EL, UK.,School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Ireland
| | - Eszter Emri
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Ireland
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5
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Turan B. A Brief Overview from the Physiological and Detrimental Roles of Zinc Homeostasis via Zinc Transporters in the Heart. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 188:160-176. [PMID: 30091070 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1464-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Zinc (mostly as free/labile Zn2+) is an essential structural constituent of many proteins, including enzymes in cellular signaling pathways via functioning as an important signaling molecule in mammalian cells. In cardiomyocytes at resting condition, intracellular labile Zn2+ concentration ([Zn2+]i) is in the nanomolar range, whereas it can increase dramatically under pathological conditions, including hyperglycemia, but the mechanisms that affect its subcellular redistribution is not clear. Therefore, overall, very little is known about the precise mechanisms controlling the intracellular distribution of labile Zn2+, particularly via Zn2+ transporters during cardiac function under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Literature data demonstrated that [Zn2+]i homeostasis in mammalian cells is primarily coordinated by Zn2+ transporters classified as ZnTs (SLC30A) and ZIPs (SLC39A). To identify the molecular mechanisms of diverse functions of labile Zn2+ in the heart, the recent studies focused on the discovery of subcellular localization of these Zn2+ transporters in parallel to the discovery of novel physiological functions of [Zn2+]i in cardiomyocytes. The present review summarizes the current understanding of the role of [Zn2+]i changes in cardiomyocytes under pathological conditions, and under high [Zn2+]i and how Zn2+ transporters are important for its subcellular redistribution. The emerging importance and the promise of some Zn2+ transporters for targeted cardiac therapy against pathological stimuli are also provided. Taken together, the review clearly outlines cellular control of cytosolic Zn2+ signaling by Zn2+ transporters, the role of Zn2+ transporters in heart function under hyperglycemia, the role of Zn2+ under increased oxidative stress and ER stress, and their roles in cancer are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belma Turan
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
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6
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Pao PJ, Emri E, Abdirahman SB, Soorma T, Zeng HH, Hauck SM, Thompson RB, Lengyel I. The effects of zinc supplementation on primary human retinal pigment epithelium. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018. [PMID: 29523386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Population-based and interventional studies have shown that elevated zinc levels can reduce the progression to advanced age-related macular degeneration. The objective of this study was to assess whether elevated extracellular zinc has a direct effect on retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE), by examining the phenotype and molecular characteristics of increased extracellular zinc on human primary RPE cells. Monolayers of human foetal primary RPE cells were grown on culture inserts and maintained in medium supplemented with increasing total concentrations of zinc (0, 75, 100, 125 and 150 μM) for up to 4 weeks. Changes in cell viability and differentiation as well as expression and secretion of proteins were investigated. RPE cells developed a confluent monolayer with cobblestone morphology and transepithelial resistance (TER) >200 Ω*cm2 within 4 weeks. There was a zinc concentration-dependent increase in TER and pigmentation, with the largest effects being achieved by the addition of 125 μM zinc to the culture medium, corresponding to 3.4 nM available (free) zinc levels. The cells responded to addition of zinc by significantly increasing the expression of Retinoid Isomerohydrolase (RPE65) gene; cell pigmentation; Premelanosome Protein (PMEL17) immunoreactivity; and secretion of proteins including Apolipoprotein E (APOE), Complement Factor H (CFH), and High-Temperature Requirement A Serine Peptidase 1 (HTRA1) without an effect on cell viability. This study shows that elevated extracellular zinc levels have a significant and direct effect on differentiation and function of the RPE cells in culture, which may explain, at least in part, the positive effects seen in clinical settings. The results also highlight that determining and controlling of available, as opposed to total added, zinc will be essential to be able to compare results obtained in different laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Jung Pao
- Department of Ocular Biology and Therapeutics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath St, London EC1 V9EL, United Kingdom; Department of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
| | - Eszter Emri
- Department of Ocular Biology and Therapeutics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath St, London EC1 V9EL, United Kingdom; Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
| | - Safiya Bishar Abdirahman
- Department of Ocular Biology and Therapeutics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath St, London EC1 V9EL, United Kingdom.
| | - Talha Soorma
- Department of Ocular Biology and Therapeutics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath St, London EC1 V9EL, United Kingdom.
| | - Hui-Hui Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States.
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health(GmbH), Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Oberschleißheim, Germany.
| | - Richard B Thompson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 108 N. Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States.
| | - Imre Lengyel
- Department of Ocular Biology and Therapeutics, UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, 11-43 Bath St, London EC1 V9EL, United Kingdom; Centre for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
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7
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Bourassa D, Gleber SC, Vogt S, Shin CH, Fahrni CJ. MicroXRF tomographic visualization of zinc and iron in the zebrafish embryo at the onset of the hatching period. Metallomics 2017; 8:1122-1130. [PMID: 27531414 DOI: 10.1039/c6mt00073h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Transition metals such as zinc, copper, and iron play key roles in cellular proliferation, cell differentiation, growth, and development. Over the past decade, advances in synchrotron X-ray fluorescence instrumentation presented new opportunities for the three-dimensional mapping of trace metal distributions within intact specimens. Taking advantage of microXRF tomography, we visualized the 3D distribution of zinc and iron in a zebrafish embryo at the onset of the hatching period. The reconstructed volumetric data revealed distinct differences in the elemental distributions, with zinc predominantly localized to the yolk and yolk extension, and iron to various regions of the brain as well as the myotome extending along the dorsal side of the embryo. The data set complements an earlier tomographic study of an embryo at the pharyngula stage (24 hpf), thus offering new insights into the trace metal distribution at key stages of embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Bourassa
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
| | - Sophie-Charlotte Gleber
- Advanced Photon Source, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Stefan Vogt
- Advanced Photon Source, X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Chong Hyun Shin
- School of Biological Sciences and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Christoph J Fahrni
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, 901 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
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8
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McAllister BB, Dyck RH. Zinc transporter 3 (ZnT3) and vesicular zinc in central nervous system function. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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9
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Mobile zinc increases rapidly in the retina after optic nerve injury and regulates ganglion cell survival and optic nerve regeneration. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E209-E218. [PMID: 28049831 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1616811114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), the projection neurons of the eye, cannot regenerate their axons once the optic nerve has been injured and soon begin to die. Whereas RGC death and regenerative failure are widely viewed as being cell-autonomous or influenced by various types of glia, we report here that the dysregulation of mobile zinc (Zn2+) in retinal interneurons is a primary factor. Within an hour after the optic nerve is injured, Zn2+ increases several-fold in retinal amacrine cell processes and continues to rise over the first day, then transfers slowly to RGCs via vesicular release. Zn2+ accumulation in amacrine cell processes involves the Zn2+ transporter protein ZnT-3, and deletion of slc30a3, the gene encoding ZnT-3, promotes RGC survival and axon regeneration. Intravitreal injection of Zn2+ chelators enables many RGCs to survive for months after nerve injury and regenerate axons, and enhances the prosurvival and regenerative effects of deleting the gene for phosphatase and tensin homolog (pten). Importantly, the therapeutic window for Zn2+ chelation extends for several days after nerve injury. These results show that retinal Zn2+ dysregulation is a major factor limiting the survival and regenerative capacity of injured RGCs, and point to Zn2+ chelation as a strategy to promote long-term RGC protection and enhance axon regeneration.
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10
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Castro PL, Dominguez D, José Caballero M, Izquierdo M. Histochemical localization of zinc in the retina cells of gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) fed different presentations of zinc. Synapse 2016; 71. [DOI: 10.1002/syn.21947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Luis Castro
- Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura (GIA), IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Crta. Taliarte s/n; Telde 35214 Spain
| | - David Dominguez
- Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura (GIA), IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Crta. Taliarte s/n; Telde 35214 Spain
| | - María José Caballero
- Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura (GIA), IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Crta. Taliarte s/n; Telde 35214 Spain
| | - Marisol Izquierdo
- Grupo de Investigación en Acuicultura (GIA), IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Crta. Taliarte s/n; Telde 35214 Spain
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11
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Ugarte M, Osborne NN. Recent advances in the understanding of the role of zinc in ocular tissues. Metallomics 2014; 6:189-200. [DOI: 10.1039/c3mt00291h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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12
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Ugarte M, Osborne NN, Brown LA, Bishop PN. Iron, zinc, and copper in retinal physiology and disease. Surv Ophthalmol 2013; 58:585-609. [DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2012.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2012] [Revised: 12/09/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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13
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ZnT7 can protect MC3T3-E1 cells from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis via PI3K/Akt and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways. Cell Signal 2013; 25:1126-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Revised: 02/02/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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14
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Bai S, Sheline CR, Zhou Y, Sheline CT. A reduced zinc diet or zinc transporter 3 knockout attenuate light induced zinc accumulation and retinal degeneration. Exp Eye Res 2012; 108:59-67. [PMID: 23274584 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2012.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study on retinal light exposure suggests the involvement of zinc (Zn(2+)) toxicity in the death of RPE and photoreceptors (LD) which could be attenuated by pyruvate and nicotinamide, perhaps through restoration of NAD(+) levels. In the present study, we examined Zn(2+) toxicity, and the effects of NAD(+) restoration in primary retinal cultures. We then reduced Zn(2+) levels in rodents by reducing Zn(2+) levels in the diet, or by genetics and measured LD. Sprague Dawley albino rats were fed 2, or 61 mg Zn(2+)/kg of diet for 3 weeks, and exposed to 18 kLux of white light for 4 h. We light exposed (70 kLux of white light for 50 h) Zn(2+) transporter 3 knockout (ZnT3-KO, no synaptic Zn(2+)), or RPE65 knockout mice (RPE65-KO, lack rhodopsin cycling), or C57/BI6/J controls and determined light damage and Zn(2+) staining. Retinal Zn(2+) staining was examined at 1 h and 4 h after light exposure. Retinas were examined after 7 d by optical coherence tomography and histology. After LD, rats fed the reduced Zn(2+) diet showed less photoreceptor Zn(2+) staining and degeneration compared to a normal Zn(2+) diet. Similarly, ZnT3-KO and RPE65-KO mice showed less Zn(2+) staining, NAD(+) loss, and RPE or photoreceptor death than C57/BI6/J control mice. Dietary or ZnT3-dependent Zn(2+) stores, and intracellular Zn(2+) release from rhodopsin recycling are suggested to be involved in light-induced retinal degeneration. These results implicate novel rhodopsin-mediated mechanisms and therapeutic targets for LD. Our companion manuscript demonstrates that pharmacologic, circadian, or genetic manipulations which maintain NAD(+) levels reduce LD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Bai
- Department of Ophthalmology and The Neuroscience Center of Excellence, LSU Health Sciences Center, 2020 Gravier Street, Suite D, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
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15
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Murgia C, Grosser D, Truong-Tran AQ, Roscioli E, Michalczyk A, Ackland ML, Stoltenberg M, Danscher G, Lang C, Knight D, Perozzi G, Ruffin RE, Zalewski P. Apical localization of zinc transporter ZnT4 in human airway epithelial cells and its loss in a murine model of allergic airway inflammation. Nutrients 2011; 3:910-28. [PMID: 22254085 PMCID: PMC3257720 DOI: 10.3390/nu3110910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Revised: 09/09/2011] [Accepted: 10/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The apical cytoplasm of airway epithelium (AE) contains abundant labile zinc (Zn) ions that are involved in the protection of AE from oxidants and inhaled noxious substances. A major question is how dietary Zn traffics to this compartment. In rat airways, in vivo selenite autometallographic (Se-AMG)-electron microscopy revealed labile Zn-selenium nanocrystals in structures resembling secretory vesicles in the apical cytoplasm. This observation was consistent with the starry-sky Zinquin fluorescence staining of labile Zn ions confined to the same region. The vesicular Zn transporter ZnT4 was likewise prominent in both the apical and basal parts of the epithelium both in rodent and human AE, although the apical pools were more obvious. Expression of ZnT4 mRNA was unaffected by changes in the extracellular Zn concentration. However, levels increased 3-fold during growth of cells in air liquid interface cultures and decreased sharply in the presence of retinoic acid. When comparing nasal versus bronchial human AE cells, there were significant positive correlations between levels of ZnT4 from the same subject, suggesting that nasal brushings may allow monitoring of airway Zn transporter expression. Finally, there were marked losses of both basally-located ZnT4 protein and labile Zn in the bronchial epithelium of mice with allergic airway inflammation. This study is the first to describe co-localization of zinc vesicles with the specific zinc transporter ZnT4 in airway epithelium and loss of ZnT4 protein in inflamed airways. Direct evidence that ZnT4 regulates Zn levels in the epithelium still needs to be provided. We speculate that ZnT4 is an important regulator of zinc ion accumulation in secretory apical vesicles and that the loss of labile Zn and ZnT4 in airway inflammation contributes to AE vulnerability in diseases such as asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Murgia
- INRAN-National Research Institute on Food & Nutrition, Roma 00178, Italy; (C.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Dion Grosser
- Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia 5011, Australia; (D.G.); (A.Q.T.-T.); (E.R.); (C.L.); (R.E.R.)
| | - Ai Q. Truong-Tran
- Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia 5011, Australia; (D.G.); (A.Q.T.-T.); (E.R.); (C.L.); (R.E.R.)
| | - Eugene Roscioli
- Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia 5011, Australia; (D.G.); (A.Q.T.-T.); (E.R.); (C.L.); (R.E.R.)
| | - Agnes Michalczyk
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia; (A.M.); (M.L.A.)
| | - Margaret Leigh Ackland
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia; (A.M.); (M.L.A.)
| | - Meredin Stoltenberg
- Institute of Biomedicine, Neurobiology, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (M.S.); (G.D.)
| | - Gorm Danscher
- Institute of Biomedicine, Neurobiology, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (M.S.); (G.D.)
| | - Carol Lang
- Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia 5011, Australia; (D.G.); (A.Q.T.-T.); (E.R.); (C.L.); (R.E.R.)
| | - Darryl Knight
- James Hogg iCAPTURE Centre for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research, St Paul’s Hospital, 1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada;
| | - Giuditta Perozzi
- INRAN-National Research Institute on Food & Nutrition, Roma 00178, Italy; (C.M.); (G.P.)
| | - Richard E. Ruffin
- Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia 5011, Australia; (D.G.); (A.Q.T.-T.); (E.R.); (C.L.); (R.E.R.)
| | - Peter Zalewski
- Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia 5011, Australia; (D.G.); (A.Q.T.-T.); (E.R.); (C.L.); (R.E.R.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +61-8-8222-7344; Fax: +61-8-8222-6042
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16
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Gao HL, Zheng W, Xin N, Chi ZH, Wang ZY, Chen J, Wang ZY. Zinc deficiency reduces neurogenesis accompanied by neuronal apoptosis through caspase-dependent and -independent signaling pathways. Neurotox Res 2009; 16:416-25. [PMID: 19548052 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-009-9072-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2008] [Revised: 04/13/2009] [Accepted: 04/13/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Dietary zinc deficiency may affect zinc homeostasis in the brain and lead to reductions of neurogenesis and neuronal survival. However, the mechanisms responsible for the effects of zinc deficiency on hippocampal neurogenesis and neuronal death remain obscure. In the present study, young CD-1 mice were fed with zinc-deficient diet (0.85 ppm) for 5 weeks. The vesicular zinc was reduced at CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus in zinc-deficient mice. The significant decreased zinc ions was associated with a reduction in proliferating cells labeled with bromo-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and immature neurons labeled with doublecortin (DCX) immunoreactivity in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. The processes of DCX-positive neurons were shortened, and flexuously went through into the granular cell layer in zinc-deficient hippocampus. There was also a conspicuous increase in the number of TUNEL-positive cells in the hippocampus after zinc-deficient diet treatment. Meanwhile, the apoptosis proteins, including Fas, Fas ligand (FasL), apoptosis inducing factor (AIF), and caspase-3, were significantly activated in zinc-deficient mouse hippocampus. These data suggest that chronic treatment with zinc-deficient diet results in reduction in hippocampal neurogenesis and increases neuronal apoptosis, indicating that zinc deficiency is associated with destroying structural plasticity in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ling Gao
- Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health of China, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, People's Republic of China
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17
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Localization of Taurine Transporter, Taurine, and Zinc in Goldfish Retina. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2009; 643:233-42. [DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-75681-3_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
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18
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Gao HL, Xu H, Wang X, Dahlstrom A, Huang L, Wang ZY. Expression of zinc transporter ZnT7 in mouse superior cervical ganglion. Auton Neurosci 2008; 140:59-65. [PMID: 18499530 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2008.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2007] [Revised: 04/07/2008] [Accepted: 04/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The superior cervical ganglion (SCG) neurons contain a considerable amount of zinc ions, but little is known about the zinc homeostasis in the SCG. It is known that zinc transporter 7 (ZnT7, Slc30a7), a member of the Slc30 ZnT family, is involved in mobilizing zinc ions from the cytoplasm into the Golgi apparatus. In the present study, we examined the expression and localization of ZnT7 and labile zinc ions in the mouse SCG using immunohistochemistry, Western blot and in vivo zinc selenium autometallography (AMG). Our immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the ZnT7 immunoreactivity in the SCG neurons was predominately present in the perinuclear region of the neurons, suggesting an affiliation to the Golgi apparatus. The Western blot results verified that ZnT7 protein was expressed in the mouse SCGs. The AMG reaction product was shown to have a similar distribution as ZnT7 immunoreactivity. These observations support the notion that ZnT7 may participate in zinc transport, storage, and incorporation of zinc into zinc-binding proteins in the Golgi apparatus of mouse SCG neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ling Gao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, PR China
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19
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Lee SC, Zhong YM, Li RX, Yu Z, Yang XL. Localization of zinc in the outer retina of carp: A light- and electron-microscopic study. Synapse 2008; 62:352-7. [DOI: 10.1002/syn.20501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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20
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Sekler I, Sensi SL, Hershfinkel M, Silverman WF. Mechanism and regulation of cellular zinc transport. Mol Med 2007. [PMID: 17622322 DOI: 10.2119/2007-00037.sekler] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc is an essential cofactor for the activity and folding of up to ten percent of mammalian proteins and can modulate the function of many others. Because of the pleiotropic effects of zinc on every aspect of cell physiology, deficits of cellular zinc content, resulting from zinc deficiency or excessive rise in its cellular concentration, can have catastrophic consequences and are linked to major patho-physiologies including diabetes and stroke. Thus, the concentration of cellular zinc requires establishment of discrete, active cellular gradients. The cellular distribution of zinc into organelles is precisely managed to provide the zinc concentration required by each cell compartment. The complexity of zinc homeostasis is reflected by the surprisingly large variety and number of zinc homeostatic proteins found in virtually every cell compartment. Given their ubiquity and importance, it is surprising that many aspects of the function, regulation, and crosstalk by which zinc transporters operate are poorly understood. In this mini-review, we will focus on the mechanisms and players required for generating physiologically appropriate zinc gradients across the plasma membrane and vesicular compartments. We will also highlight some of the unsolved issues regarding their role in cellular zinc homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Sekler
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Science, and The Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, POB 653, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
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21
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Zhang L, Chi ZH, Ren H, Rong M, Dahlstrom A, Huang L, Wang ZY. Imunoreactivity of zinc transporter 7 (ZNT7) in mouse dorsal root ganglia. Brain Res Bull 2007; 74:278-83. [PMID: 17720550 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2007.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2007] [Revised: 06/28/2007] [Accepted: 06/29/2007] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we showed for the first time the localization of ZNT7 immunoreactivity in the mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) by means of immunohistochemistry and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Our results revealed that ZNT7 immunoreactivity was abundantly expressed in the nerve cells of the mouse DRG. Strong ZNT7 immunoreactivity was predominantly distributed in the perinuclear region of positive cells, while the nuclei were devoid of staining. Double immunofluorescence labeling of ZNT7 and TGN38 revealed a colocalization of the two antigens in the Golgi apparatus. In addition, the presence of labile zinc ions was detected with in vivo zinc selenium autometallography (AMG). AMG observations showed that the zinc staining pattern was also predominately located in the perinuclear Golgi area, like the ZNT7 immunostaining pattern in the DRG. These observations strongly suggest that ZNT7 may play an important role in facilitating zinc transport into the Golgi apparatus from the cytosol in the mouse DRG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, PR China
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22
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Sekler I, Sensi SL, Hershfinkel M, Silverman WF. Mechanism and regulation of cellular zinc transport. MOLECULAR MEDICINE (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2007; 13:337-43. [PMID: 17622322 PMCID: PMC1952664 DOI: 10.2119/2007–00037.sekler] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2007] [Accepted: 05/30/2007] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Zinc is an essential cofactor for the activity and folding of up to ten percent of mammalian proteins and can modulate the function of many others. Because of the pleiotropic effects of zinc on every aspect of cell physiology, deficits of cellular zinc content, resulting from zinc deficiency or excessive rise in its cellular concentration, can have catastrophic consequences and are linked to major patho-physiologies including diabetes and stroke. Thus, the concentration of cellular zinc requires establishment of discrete, active cellular gradients. The cellular distribution of zinc into organelles is precisely managed to provide the zinc concentration required by each cell compartment. The complexity of zinc homeostasis is reflected by the surprisingly large variety and number of zinc homeostatic proteins found in virtually every cell compartment. Given their ubiquity and importance, it is surprising that many aspects of the function, regulation, and crosstalk by which zinc transporters operate are poorly understood. In this mini-review, we will focus on the mechanisms and players required for generating physiologically appropriate zinc gradients across the plasma membrane and vesicular compartments. We will also highlight some of the unsolved issues regarding their role in cellular zinc homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Sekler
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Science, and The Zlotowski Center for Neuroscience, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, POB 653, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
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