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Kumar Nelson V, Jha NK, Nuli MV, Gupta S, Kanna S, Gahtani RM, Hani U, Singh AK, Abomughaid MM, Abomughayedh AM, Almutary AG, Iqbal D, Al Othaim A, Begum SS, Ahmad F, Mishra PC, Jha SK, Ojha S. Unveiling the impact of aging on BBB and Alzheimer's disease: Factors and therapeutic implications. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 98:102224. [PMID: 38346505 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a highly prevalent neurodegenerative condition that has devastating effects on individuals, often resulting in dementia. AD is primarily defined by the presence of extracellular plaques containing insoluble β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein (P-tau). In addition, individuals afflicted by these age-related illnesses experience a diminished state of health, which places significant financial strain on their loved ones. Several risk factors play a significant role in the development of AD. These factors include genetics, diet, smoking, certain diseases (such as cerebrovascular diseases, obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia), age, and alcohol consumption. Age-related factors are key contributors to the development of vascular-based neurodegenerative diseases such as AD. In general, the process of aging can lead to changes in the immune system's responses and can also initiate inflammation in the brain. The chronic inflammation and the inflammatory mediators found in the brain play a crucial role in the dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Furthermore, maintaining BBB integrity is of utmost importance in preventing a wide range of neurological disorders. Therefore, in this review, we discussed the role of age and its related factors in the breakdown of the blood-brain barrier and the development of AD. We also discussed the importance of different compounds, such as those with anti-aging properties, and other compounds that can help maintain the integrity of the blood-brain barrier in the prevention of AD. This review builds a strong correlation between age-related factors, degradation of the BBB, and its impact on AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar Nelson
- Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Anantapur, India.
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India; School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India; Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India.
| | - Mohana Vamsi Nuli
- Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Anantapur, India
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sandeep Kanna
- Department of pharmaceutics, Chalapathi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chalapathi Nagar, Guntur 522034, India
| | - Reem M Gahtani
- Departement of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Umme Hani
- Department of pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arun Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mosleh Mohammad Abomughaid
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, Bisha 61922, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali M Abomughayedh
- Pharmacy Department, Aseer Central Hospital, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmajeed G Almutary
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 59911, United Arab Emirates
| | - Danish Iqbal
- Department of Health Information Management, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Buraydah Private Colleges, Buraydah 51418, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayoub Al Othaim
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia.
| | - S Sabarunisha Begum
- Department of Biotechnology, P.S.R. Engineering College, Sivakasi 626140, India
| | - Fuzail Ahmad
- Respiratory Care Department, College of Applied Sciences, Almaarefa University, Diriya, Riyadh, 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prabhu Chandra Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Zoology, Kalindi College, University of Delhi, 110008, India.
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
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Maache S, Laaroussi H, Soulo N, Nouioura G, Boucetta N, Bouslamti M, Saghrouchni H, A Bin Jardan Y, Ibenmoussa S, Bourhia M, Lyoussi B, Elarabi I. The antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antihyperlipidemic effects of the polyphenolic extract from Salvia blancoana subsp. mesatlantica on induced diabetes in rats. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2024; 11:62. [PMID: 38926327 PMCID: PMC11208370 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-024-00769-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, several studies have demonstrated the benefits of medicinal plants in managing type 2 diabetes. In this work, we evaluated the beneficial effects of the polyphenolic extract (PESB) from Salvia blancoana subsp. mesatlantica in the management of hypercaloric-feeding and small-dose alloxan-brought type 2 diabetes in rats. We analyzed the chemical constituents of the extract, including flavones and flavonols content, to understand its biological action. The antioxidant activities were evaluated by total antioxidant action, scavenging effect of the free radical DPPH, and reducing power. The obtained results showed that the value of TFC was estimated at 31.90 ± 0.34 mgEQ/g in the PESB extract. The total antioxidant capacity was estimated at 593.51 ± 4.09 mg (EAA)/g, the value of DPPH IC50 was 7.3 ± 0.00 μg/mL, and the value of EC50 of reducing power was estimated at 6.43 ± 0.01 μg/mL. In total, 14 phenolic compounds were identified and the naringin was the most dominant (63.19%) while the vanillin was the less recorded (0.10%). Serum glucose decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in rats given PESB (100 mg/kg) after four weeks. Glibenclamide (GLB) and PESB reduced HbA1c and increased plasma insulin in diabetic rats, restoring HOMA-β and HOMA-IR levels to near-normal. Additionally, diabetic rats treated with GLB or PESB showed statistically equivalent results to those of non-diabetic rats regarding hepatic enzymes, renal and lipid markers, as well as cardiovascular indices. The weight loss was significantly lower in diabetic rats receiving a dose of PESB (100 mg/kg), and GLB compared to corresponding untreated diabetic rats (p < 0.01). PESB and GLB showed a prominent protective function in the pancreas, liver, and kidney tissues. This investigation demonstrates the capacity of extracts from leaves of S. blancoana subsp. mesatlantica to manage diabetes mellitus due to their richness in a wide range of bioactive compounds. Therefore, more investigations are required to estimate the safety of the plant use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Souad Maache
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health, and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Hassan Laaroussi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health, and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Najoua Soulo
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health, and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Ghizlane Nouioura
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health, and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | | | - Mohammed Bouslamti
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health, and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Hamza Saghrouchni
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Çukurova University, 01250, Balcalı, Adana, Türkiye.
| | - Yousef A Bin Jardan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samir Ibenmoussa
- Laboratory of Therapeutic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montpellier, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Mohammed Bourhia
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Natural Resources Valorization , Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, 80060, Agadir, Morocco
- Laboratory of Chemistry-Biochemistry, Environment, Nutrition, and Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Hassan II, B. P. 5696, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Badiaa Lyoussi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health, and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Ilham Elarabi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health, and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
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Ren X, Li YF, Pei TW, Wang HS, Wang YH, Chen T. Rosiglitazone regulates astrocyte polarization and neuroinflammation in a PPAR-γ dependent manner after experimental traumatic brain injury. Brain Res Bull 2024; 209:110918. [PMID: 38432497 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of high mortality and disability worldwide. Overactivation of astrocytes and overexpression of inflammatory responses in the injured brain are characteristic pathological features of TBI. Rosiglitazone (ROS) is a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) agonist known for its anti-inflammatory activity. However, the relationship between the inflammatory response involved in ROS treatment and astrocyte A1 polarization remains unclear. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate whether ROS treatment improves dysfunction and astrocyte A1 polarization induced after TBI and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of these functions. METHODS SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, TBI group, TBI+ROS group, and TBI+ PPAR-γ antagonist group (GW9662 + TBI). The rat TBI injury model was prepared by the CCI method; brain water content test and wire grip test scores suggested the prognosis; FJB staining showed the changes of ROS on the morphology and number of neurons in the peripheral area of cortical injury; ELISA, immunofluorescence staining, and western blotting analysis revealed the effects of ROS on inflammatory response and astrocyte activation with the degree of A1 polarization after TBI. RESULTS Brain water content, inflammatory factor expression, and astrocyte activation in the TBI group were higher than those in the sham-operated group (P < 0.05); compared with the TBI group, the expression of the above indexes in the ROS group was significantly lower (P < 0.05). Compared with the TBI group, PPAR-γ content was significantly higher and C3 content was considerably lower in the ROS group (P < 0.05); compared with the TBI group, PPAR-γ content was significantly lower and C3 content was substantially higher in the inhibitor group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION ROS can exert neuroprotective effects by inhibiting astrocyte A1 polarization through the PPAR-γ pathway based on the reduction of inflammatory factors and astrocyte activation in the brain after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Ren
- Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214044, China; The Fifth Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214044, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi Taihu Hosptial, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214044, China
| | - Yun-Fei Li
- Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214044, China; The Fifth Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214044, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi Taihu Hosptial, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214044, China
| | - Tian-Wei Pei
- Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214044, China; The Fifth Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214044, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi Taihu Hosptial, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214044, China
| | - Hao-Sheng Wang
- Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214044, China; The Fifth Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214044, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi Taihu Hosptial, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214044, China
| | - Yu-Hai Wang
- Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214044, China; The Fifth Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214044, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi Taihu Hosptial, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214044, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Wuxi Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214044, China; The Fifth Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214044, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi Taihu Hosptial, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, 214044, China.
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Pu X, Bu W, Qin Y, Wang C, Xu L, Fang M, Ji Q, Wang H, Shao M. Activation and functional modification of mucosal-associated invariant T cells in patients with intracranial infection following craniotomy. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111699. [PMID: 38377855 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Intracranial infections are among the most common complications of neurosurgery, with their incidence remaining high despite advancements in current neurosurgical techniques and aseptic technology. While the role of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, a subset of innate-like T lymphocytes, in bacterial defense is well-established, their involvement in intracranial infections remains unclear. In this study, we utilized flow cytometry to assess the phenotype and function of circulating and CSF MAIT cells. Our findings revealed that MAIT cells were higher in the CSF compared to blood. Notably, a higher percentage of IL-17A + MAIT cells was detected in the CSF of patients with intracranial infections. Moreover, markers indicating activation and exhaustion were significantly upregulated in CSF MAIT cells. Furthermore, elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-12, and IL-18, were detected in the CSF supernatants. We hypothesized that the elevated levels of IL-1β, IL-12, and IL-18 in the inflammatory milieu synergistically activate MAIT cells in the CSF. In particular, CD25 and Tim-3 expression of MAIT cells was increased by stimulation with IL-1β, IL-12, and IL-18 or CSF supernatants of intracranial infection patients. Collectively, these findings provide important information underlying the innate immune response of patients with intracranial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexue Pu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Wei Bu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Yu Qin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Cui Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Lunbing Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Ming Fang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Qiang Ji
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Min Shao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
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Zheng X, Zhang X, Dong L, Zhao J, Zhang C, Chen R. Neuroprotective mechanism of salvianolic acid B against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice through downregulation of TLR4, p-p38MAPK, p-JNK, NF-κB, and IL-1β. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e1030. [PMID: 37904689 PMCID: PMC10549825 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tissue injury and inflammation are two potential outcomes of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Salvianolic acid B (Sal B), isolated from the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza, is one of the major water-soluble compounds with a wide range of pharmacological effects including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and neuroprotective effects. In the present study, we explored the neuroprotective effects and potential mechanisms of Sal B after I/R injury. METHODS We induced cerebral ischemia in male CD-1 mice through transient (60 min) middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO), and then injected Sal B (30 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. Neurological deficits, infarct volumes, and brain edema were assessed at 24 and 72 h after tMCAO. We detected the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), phosphorylated-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (P-p38 MAPK), phosphorylated c-Jun amino (N)-terminal kinases (p-JNK), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the brain tissue. RESULTS Compared with the tMCAO group, Sal B significantly improved neurological deficits, reduced infarct size, attenuated cerebral edema, and downregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators TLR4, p-p38MAPK, p-JNK, nuclear NF-κB, and IL-1β in brain tissue after I/R injury. CONCLUSION We found that Sal B protects brain tissues from I/R injury by activating its anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu‐fen Zheng
- Department of NeurologySecond Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiPR China
- Department of PediatricsTangshan Central HospitalTangshanHebeiPR China
| | - Xiang‐jian Zhang
- Department of NeurologySecond Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiPR China
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio‐cerebrovascular DiseaseShijiazhuangHebeiPR China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular HomeostasisShijiazhuangHebeiPR China
| | - Li‐peng Dong
- Department of NeurologySecond Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiPR China
- Department of NeurologyHebei General HospitalShijiazhuangHebeiPR China
| | - Jing‐ru Zhao
- Department of NeurologySecond Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiPR China
- Department of NeurologyHebei General HospitalShijiazhuangHebeiPR China
| | - Cong Zhang
- Department of NeurologySecond Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiPR China
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of NeurologySecond Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiPR China
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardio‐cerebrovascular DiseaseShijiazhuangHebeiPR China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Vascular HomeostasisShijiazhuangHebeiPR China
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Ahmed S, Keniry M, Padilla V, Anaya-Barbosa N, Javed MN, Gilkerson R, Gomez K, Ashraf A, Narula AS, Lozano K. Development of pullulan/chitosan/salvianolic acid ternary fibrous membranes and their potential for chemotherapeutic applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:126187. [PMID: 37558036 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the feasibility of centrifugal spinning for producing fibrous membranes containing pullulan, chitosan, and danshen extract. The danshen extract is composed of 20 wt% salvianolic acid B (SA). Citric acid was added to the mixture as a crosslinking agent to promote its use in the aqueous medium. The influence of the danshen concentration (25 wt% and 33 wt%) on fiber morphology, thermal behavior, and the biochemical effect was analyzed. Developed fiber-based membranes consist of long, continuous, and uniform fibers with a sparse scattering of beads. Fiber diameter analysis shows values ranging from 384 ± 123 nm to 644 ± 141 nm depending on the concentration of danshen. The nanofibers show adequate aqueous stability after crosslinking. Thermal analysis results prove that SA is loaded into nanofibers without compromising their structural integrity. Cell-based results indicate that the developed nanofiber membranes promote cell growth and are not detrimental to fibroblast cells. Anticancer studies reveal a promising inhibition to the proliferation of HCT116 colon cancer cells. The developed systems show potential as innovative systems to be used as a bioactive chemotherapeutic drug that could be placed on the removed tumor site to prevent development of colon cancer microdeposits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salahuddin Ahmed
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Megan Keniry
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Victoria Padilla
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Narcedalia Anaya-Barbosa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Md Noushad Javed
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Robert Gilkerson
- Department of Biology, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Kithzia Gomez
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | - Ali Ashraf
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | | | - Karen Lozano
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, USA.
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Tian S, Li Y, Xu J, Zhang L, Zhang J, Lu J, Xu X, Luan X, Zhao J, Zhang W. COIMMR: a computational framework to reveal the contribution of herbal ingredients against human cancer via immune microenvironment and metabolic reprogramming. Brief Bioinform 2023; 24:bbad346. [PMID: 37816138 PMCID: PMC10564268 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbad346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune evasion and metabolism reprogramming have been regarded as two vital hallmarks of the mechanism of carcinogenesis. Thus, targeting the immune microenvironment and the reprogrammed metabolic processes will aid in developing novel anti-cancer drugs. In recent decades, herbal medicine has been widely utilized to treat cancer through the modulation of the immune microenvironment and reprogrammed metabolic processes. However, labor-based herbal ingredient screening is time consuming, laborious and costly. Luckily, some computational approaches have been proposed to screen candidates for drug discovery rapidly. Yet, it has been challenging to develop methods to screen drug candidates exclusively targeting specific pathways, especially for herbal ingredients which exert anti-cancer effects by multiple targets, multiple pathways and synergistic ways. Meanwhile, currently employed approaches cannot quantify the contribution of the specific pathway to the overall curative effect of herbal ingredients. Hence, to address this problem, this study proposes a new computational framework to infer the contribution of the immune microenvironment and metabolic reprogramming (COIMMR) in herbal ingredients against human cancer and specifically screen herbal ingredients targeting the immune microenvironment and metabolic reprogramming. Finally, COIMMR was applied to identify isoliquiritigenin that specifically regulates the T cells in stomach adenocarcinoma and cephaelin hydrochloride that specifically targets metabolic reprogramming in low-grade glioma. The in silico results were further verified using in vitro experiments. Taken together, our approach opens new possibilities for repositioning drugs targeting immune and metabolic dysfunction in human cancer and provides new insights for drug development in other diseases. COIMMR is available at https://github.com/LYN2323/COIMMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saisai Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yanan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jia Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- College of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- The Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine
| | - Jinbo Zhang
- Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China Department of Pharmacy, Tianjin Rehabilitation Center of Joint Logistics Support Force, Tianjin, 300110, China
| | - Jinyuan Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Xike Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xin Luan
- The Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine
| | - Jing Zhao
- The Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine
| | - Weidong Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- The Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine
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8
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Basu P, Maier C, Averitt DL, Basu A. NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes and peripheral neuropathic pain - Emphasis on microRNAs (miRNAs) as important regulators. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 955:175901. [PMID: 37451423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is caused by the lesion or disease of the somatosensory system and can be initiated and/or maintained by both central and peripheral mechanisms. Nerve injury leads to neuronal damage and apoptosis associated with the release of an array of pathogen- or damage-associated molecular patterns to activate inflammasomes. The activation of the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome contributes to neuropathic pain and may represent a novel target for pain therapeutic development. In the current review, we provide an up-to-date summary of the recent findings on the involvement of NLRP3 inflammasome in modulating neuropathic pain development and maintenance, focusing on peripheral neuropathic conditions. Here we provide a detailed review of the mechanisms whereby NLRP3 inflammasomes contribute to neuropathic pain via (1) neuroinflammation, (2) apoptosis, (3) pyroptosis, (4) proinflammatory cytokine release, (5) mitochondrial dysfunction, and (6) oxidative stress. We then present the current research literature reporting on the antinociceptive effects of several natural products and pharmacological interventions that target activation, expression, and/or regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Furthermore, we emphasize the effects of microRNAs as another regulator of NLRP3 inflammasome. In conclusion, we summarize the possible caveats and future perspectives that might provide successful therapeutic approaches against NLRP3 inflammasome for treating or preventing neuropathic pain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramita Basu
- Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, The Pittsburgh Project to End Opioid Misuse, Department of Anesthesiology & Perioperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Camelia Maier
- Division of Biology, School of the Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX, 76204-5799, USA.
| | - Dayna L Averitt
- Division of Biology, School of the Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX, 76204-5799, USA.
| | - Arpita Basu
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, School of Integrated Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV, 89154, USA.
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Lu JD, Sun ML, Pei-Li, Wang XP. Butylphthalide protects against ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats via reducing neuron ferroptosis and oxidative stress. J Investig Med 2023; 71:623-633. [PMID: 37073509 DOI: 10.1177/10815589231167358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Local ischemia in the cerebra leads to vascular injury and necrosis. Ferroptosis is involved in the pathophysiological process of many diseases and widely exists when ischemia-reperfusion injury occurs in many organs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Butylphthalide (NBP) on middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rats model-caused neuron injury. Sprague Dawley Rats were randomly allocated to receive sham and MCAO operation. NBP low-dose (40 mg/kg b.w), and high-dose (80 mg/kg b.w) were administrated in MACO rats. Results showed NBP improves infarct volume, attenuates neuronal apoptosis in the brain tissue of MCAO rats. The tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), IL-6, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels decreased after NBP administration, while the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the ratio of GSH/GSSG in MACO rats increased. MACO caused non-heme iron accumulation in the brain tissue and Perl's staining confirmed NBP attenuates ferroptosis in MACO rats. The protein expressions of SCL7A11 and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) decreased following MCAO, and NBP treatment subsequently increased the expression of SCL7A11 and GPX4. In vitro analysis in cortical neuron cells indicated that the GPX4 inhibitor reverses the inhibition of ferroptosis by NBP, which suggested that the SCL7A11/GPX4 pathway majorly contributed to the NBP ferroptosis protection effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Dong Lu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Mei-Lin Sun
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Pei-Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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10
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Xia D, Yuan J, Wu D, Dai H, Zhuang Z. Salvianolic acid B ameliorates neuroinflammation and neuronal injury via blocking NLRP3 inflammasome and promoting SIRT1 in experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1159958. [PMID: 37564636 PMCID: PMC10410262 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1159958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-mediated immuno-inflammatory response plays a critical role in exacerbating early brain injury (EBI) after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Salvianolic acid B (SalB) has previously been shown to suppress neuroinflammatory responses in many disorders. Meanwhile, a previous study has demonstrated that SalB mitigated oxidative damage and neuronal degeneration in a prechiasmatic injection model of SAH. However, the therapeutic potential of SalB on immuno-inflammatory responses after SAH remains unclear. In the present study, we explored the therapeutic effects of SalB on neuroinflammatory responses in an endovascular perforation SAH model. We observed that SalB ameliorated SAH-induced functional deficits. Additionally, SalB significantly mitigated microglial activation, pro-inflammatory cytokines release, and neuronal injury. Mechanistically, SalB inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation and increased sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression after SAH. Administration of EX527, an inhibitor of SIRT1, abrogated the anti-inflammatory effects of SalB against SAH and further induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In contrast, MCC950, a potent and selective NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor, reversed the detrimental effects of SIRT1 inhibition by EX527 on EBI. These results indicated that SalB effectively repressed neuroinflammatory responses and neuronal damage after SAH. The action of SalB appeared to be mediated by blocking NLRP3 inflammasome and promoting SIRT1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayong Xia
- The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders of Wannan Medical College, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, China
| | - Jinlong Yuan
- The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders of Wannan Medical College, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, China
| | - Degang Wu
- The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders of Wannan Medical College, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, China
| | - Haibin Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zong Zhuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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11
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Neuroprotective Effects of Geopung-Chunghyuldan Based on Its Salvianolic Acid B Content Using an In Vivo Stroke Model. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:1613-1626. [PMID: 36826049 PMCID: PMC9955915 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45020104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Geopung-Chunghyuldan (GCD) has neuroprotective properties. Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix plays an essential role in GCD's effect. The Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix marker compound is salvianolic acid B; however, its content is not uniform among samples. This study aimed to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of GCD based on salvianolic acid B content. METHODS The neuroprotective effects of GCD based on the salvianolic acid B content were evaluated by measuring infarct volume 24 h after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion in an in vivo stroke model. For the experimental group, each GCD was administered immediately before surgery. The control groups were administered distilled water and aspirin (30 mg/kg) in the same way. The salvianolic acid B content in five types of Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix (two Chinese and three Korean regions) based on different cultivation regions was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS Three samples met the Korean and Chinese Pharmacopeia standards for salvianolic acid B. However, two samples did not. GCDs with high salvianolic acid B showed marked neuroprotective effects compared to the control groups, whereas GCDs with low salvianolic acid B did not. CONCLUSIONS The salvianolic acid B content of Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix affects the neuroprotection effect of GCD. Stable, raw Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix is essential for GCD homogenization.
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12
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Kip E, Parr-Brownlie LC. Healthy lifestyles and wellbeing reduce neuroinflammation and prevent neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1092537. [PMID: 36875655 PMCID: PMC9975355 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1092537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the mid-20th century, Western societies have considered productivity and economic outcomes are more important than focusing on people's health and wellbeing. This focus has created lifestyles with high stress levels, associated with overconsumption of unhealthy foods and little exercise, which negatively affect people's lives, and subsequently lead to the development of pathologies, including neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Prioritizing a healthy lifestyle to maintain wellbeing may slow the onset or reduce the severity of pathologies. It is a win-win for everyone; for societies and for individuals. A balanced lifestyle is increasingly being adopted globally, with many doctors encouraging meditation and prescribing non-pharmaceutical interventions to treat depression. In psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, the inflammatory response system of the brain (neuroinflammation) is activated. Many risks factors are now known to be linked to neuroinflammation such as stress, pollution, and a high saturated and trans fat diet. On the other hand, many studies have linked healthy habits and anti-inflammatory products with lower levels of neuroinflammation and a reduced risk of neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. Sharing risk and protective factors is critical so that individuals can make informed choices that promote positive aging throughout their lifespan. Most strategies to manage neurodegenerative diseases are palliative because neurodegeneration has been progressing silently for decades before symptoms appear. Here, we focus on preventing neurodegenerative diseases by adopting an integrated "healthy" lifestyle approach. This review summarizes the role of neuroinflammation on risk and protective factors of neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Kip
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brain Health Research Centre, Brain Research New Zealand, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Louise C Parr-Brownlie
- Department of Anatomy, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brain Health Research Centre, Brain Research New Zealand, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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13
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Arora K, Vats V, Kaushik N, Sindhawani D, Saini V, Arora DM, Kumar Y, Vashisht E, Singh G, Verma PK. A Systematic Review on Traumatic Brain Injury Pathophysiology and Role of Herbal Medicines in its Management. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:2487-2504. [PMID: 36703580 PMCID: PMC10616914 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230126151208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a worldwide problem. Almost about sixtynine million people sustain TBI each year all over the world. Repetitive TBI linked with increased risk of neurodegenerative disorder such as Parkinson, Alzheimer, traumatic encephalopathy. TBI is characterized by primary and secondary injury and exerts a severe impact on cognitive, behavioral, psychological and other health problem. There were various proposed mechanism to understand complex pathophysiology of TBI but still there is a need to explore more about TBI pathophysiology. There are drugs present for the treatment of TBI in the market but there is still need of more drugs to develop for better and effective treatment of TBI, because no single drug is available which reduces the further progression of this injury. OBJECTIVE The main aim and objective of structuring this manuscript is to design, develop and gather detailed data regarding about the pathophysiology of TBI and role of medicinal plants in its treatment. METHOD This study is a systematic review conducted between January 1995 to June 2021 in which a consultation of scientific articles from indexed periodicals was carried out in Science Direct, United States National Library of Medicine (Pubmed), Google Scholar, Elsvier, Springer and Bentham. RESULTS A total of 54 studies were analyzed, on the basis of literature survey in the research area of TBI. CONCLUSION Recent studies have shown the potential of medicinal plants and their chemical constituents against TBI therefore, this review targets the detailed information about the pathophysiology of TBI and role of medicinal plants in its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushal Arora
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Vishal Vats
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Nalin Kaushik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chaudhary Bansi Lal University, Bhiwani, Haryana, 127031, India
| | - Deepanshu Sindhawani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Vaishali Saini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Divy Mohan Arora
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, 125001, India
| | - Yogesh Kumar
- Sat Priya College of Pharmacy, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Etash Vashisht
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Govind Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Prabhakar Kumar Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
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14
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Shen Y, Shen X, Wang S, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Ding Y, Shen J, Zhao J, Qin H, Xu Y, Zhou Q, Wang X, Shen J. Protective effects of Salvianolic acid B on rat ferroptosis in myocardial infarction through upregulating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 112:109257. [PMID: 36174419 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has highlighted the role of ferroptosis, a novel type of programmed cell death involved in the pathological process of myocardial infarction (MI). However, the underlying mechanism of ferroptosis in mediating MI is complicated that needs to be further investigated. Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) herb Salvia miltiorrhiza possesses pharmacological function against MI, which provides us with a new direction to explore the effect of Sal B on ferroptosis after myocardial ischemic injury. In the present study, iron accumulation and expression levels of ferroptosis-related proteins in MI rats altered in a time-dependent manner. Importantly, treatment of ferroptosis inhibitors ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) or deferoxamine (DFO) reversed typical changes of ferroptosis, including iron overload, lipid peroxide accumulation, mitochondrial damage, and specific expression levels of ferroptosis-related proteins, thereby alleviating myocardial injury in rats. Similar results were observed in Sal B-treated MI rats in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, NFE2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was strongly activated by the treatment of Sal B. In vivo knockdown of Nrf2 in MI rats enhanced ferroptosis and damaged the protective effect of Sal B on MI. Furthermore, Sal B administration was unable to significantly reverse expression levels of target genes of Nrf2 that were associated with iron homeostasis and oxidative stress (e.g., HO-1, xCT, Gpx4, Fth1, and Fpn1) in MI rats after knockdown of Nrf2. Taken together, Sal B contributed to protecting MI by inhibiting ferroptosis via activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuehong Shen
- School of Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nangjing 210023, China
| | - Xinyu Shen
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Global Public Health, New York University, NY, USA
| | - Shulin Wang
- Zhenjiang Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (Zhenjiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Zhenjiang 212008, China
| | - Yunyun Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nangjing 210028, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nangjing 210028, China
| | - Ye Ding
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nangjing 210028, China
| | - Jiayun Shen
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nangjing 210028, China
| | - Jianqiao Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nangjing 210028, China
| | - Huahan Qin
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nangjing 210028, China
| | - Yijiao Xu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nangjing 210028, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nangjing 210028, China.
| | - Xindong Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nangjing 210028, China.
| | - Jianping Shen
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nangjing 210028, China.
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15
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Chaperone-Mediated Autophagy in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms and Pharmacological Opportunities. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142250. [PMID: 35883693 PMCID: PMC9323300 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) is a protein degradation mechanism through lysosomes. By targeting the KFERQ motif of the substrate, CMA is responsible for the degradation of about 30% of cytosolic proteins, including a series of proteins associated with neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). The fact that decreased activity of CMA is observed in NDs, and ND-associated mutant proteins, including alpha-synuclein and Tau, directly impair CMA activity reveals a possible vicious cycle of CMA impairment and pathogenic protein accumulation in ND development. Given the intrinsic connection between CMA dysfunction and ND, enhancement of CMA has been regarded as a strategy to counteract ND. Indeed, genetic and pharmacological approaches to modulate CMA have been shown to promote the degradation of ND-associated proteins and alleviate ND phenotypes in multiple ND models. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the mechanism of CMA with a focus on its relationship with NDs and discusses the therapeutic potential of CMA modulation for ND.
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16
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Ou S, Huang S, Lin M, Chen W, Huang C, Lin H. Effects of Chinese herbal medicine in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: A nationwide cohort study in Taiwan. Int J Urol 2022; 29:623-630. [PMID: 35486019 DOI: 10.1111/iju.14853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shi‐Chen Ou
- Department of Chinese Medicine China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan, Republic of China
- School of Post Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Sheng‐Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan, Republic of China
- School of Chinese Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan, Republic of China
- Cancer Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan, Republic of China
- An‐Nan Hospital China Medical University Tainan Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Mei‐Chen Lin
- Management Office for Health Data China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wen‐Chi Chen
- Department of Urology China Medical University Hospital Taichung Republic of China
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chi‐Ping Huang
- Department of Urology China Medical University Hospital Taichung Republic of China
- School of Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hung‐Jen Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan, Republic of China
- School of Post Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine China Medical University Taichung Taiwan, Republic of China
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17
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Li Z, Xu C, Wang Y. Poly d,l-(lactic-co-glycolic) Acid PEGylated Isoliquiritigenin Alleviates Traumatic Brain Injury by Reversing Cyclooxygenase 2 Level. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2022; 18:909-916. [PMID: 35715911 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2022.3284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
As a severe neurological disease of trauma, traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to other disorders, such as depression, dementia and epilepsy. This study investigated whether poly d,l-(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) PEGylated isoliquiritigenin could alleviate TBI. One hundred and eighty-three patients with clinical brain trauma were divided into two groups with or without intracranial injury in magnetic resonance imaging. The clinical results showed that serum cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) levels were obviously increased in the TBI patients compared to the patients with head trauma only or healthy individuals. Intracranial injection of isoliquiritigenin in TBI rats reversed TBI induced increase of COX-2 level, significantly reduced water content and contusion volume. Our findings suggest that PLGA PEG nanoparticles loaded with isoliquiritigenin can achieve the same effects as intracranial administration of isoliquiritigenin in reducing serum COX-2 level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyang Li
- Department of Radiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16 Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, 061001, Hebei, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Department of Radiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16 Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, 061001, Hebei, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Radiology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16 Xinhua West Road, Cangzhou, 061001, Hebei, China
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18
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Chen XQ, Peng B, Jiang HM, Zhang CX, Li HY, Li ZY. Effect of salvianolic acid B on NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD pyrolysis pathway in NASH cells. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2022; 30:69-76. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v30.i2.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have proved that salvianolic acid B (Sal B) has a therapeutic effect on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Cell pyrolysis plays an important role in the onset of NAFLD and its progression to NASH. By studying the regulatory effect of Sal B on the main proteins related to cell pyrolysis in NASH, it was found that Sal B has the advantages of multiple approaches and multiple targets in the treatment of NAFLD.
AIM To establish a non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) cell model by treating HepG2 cells with palmitic acid (PA), and explore the effect of Sal B on cell pyrolysis and the pyrolysis-related GSDMD/NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway.
METHODS HepG2 cells in logarithmic growth phase were collected, and the optimal drug intervention concentration and intervention time for PA were assessed by MTT assay. The cells were randomly divided into a control group, a model group (PA), a treatment group (Sal B + PA), and a pyrolysis inhibitor group (VX-765 + PA). The cells of each group were stained with oil red O to observe the lipid accumulation in the cells under an inverted phase-contrast microscope. The cell supernatant was collected to measure the OD value with a microplate reader. The immunofluorescence probe DCFH-DA was used to determine the intracellular ROS content. The expression of interleukin 18 (IL-18) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) in cell supernatant was determined by ELISA. The expression of NLRP3 and pyrolysis-related proteins caspase-1, GSDMD, and GSDMD-N was detected by Western blot.
RESULTS Compared with the control group, the model group had obvious accumulation of lipids and ROS, increased secretion of inflammatory factors IL-1β and IL-18 (P < 0.05), and increased protein expression of NLRP3, caspase-1, GSDMD, and GSDMD-N (P < 0.05). Sal B or VX-765 inhibitor treatment can reverse the accumulation of lipids and ROS caused by PA, decreased the secretion of IL-1β and IL-18, and down-regulated the protein expression of NLRP3, caspase-1, GSDMD, and GSDMD-N (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION PA can induce pyrolysis of liver cells. Sal B can reduce inflammation and alleviate the progression of NASH by inhibiting the NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Chen
- Wuhan Third Hospital, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Bo Peng
- Wuhan Third Hospital, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hong-Mei Jiang
- Wuhan Third Hospital, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chang-Xu Zhang
- Wuhan Third Hospital, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hai-Yan Li
- Wuhan Third Hospital, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zi-Yin Li
- Wuhan Third Hospital, Wuhan 430000, Hubei Province, China
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19
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Attenuation of Oxidative Stress-Induced Cell Apoptosis and Pyroptosis in RSC96 Cells by Salvianolic Acid B. Chin J Integr Med 2022; 28:243-248. [PMID: 35084700 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-021-3507-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether salvianolic acid B (Sal B) exerts protective effects on diabetic peripheral neuropathy by attenuating apoptosis and pyroptosis. METHODS RSC96 cells were primarily cultured with DMEM (5.6 mmol/L glucose), hyperglycemia (HG, 125 mmol/L glucose) and Sal B (0.1, 1, and 10 µ mol/L). Cells proliferation was measured by 3-(4, 5-cimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-dilphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and apoptosis rate were detected by flow cytometry analysis. Western blot was performed to analyze the expressions of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP), cleaved-caspase 3, cleaved-caspase 9, Bcl-2, Bax, NLRP3, ASC, and interleukin (IL)-1 β. RESULTS Treatment with HG at a concentration of 125 mmol/L attenuated cellular proliferation, while Sal B alleviated this injury (P<0.05). In addition, Sal B inhibited HG-induced ROS production and apoptosis rate (P<0.05). Furthermore, treatment with Sal B down-regulated HG-induced PARP, cleaved-caspase 3, cleaved-caspase 9, Bax, NLRP3, ASC, and IL-1 β expression, but mitigated HG-mediated down-regulation of Bcl-2 expression (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Sal B may protect RSC96 cells against HG-induced cellular injury via the inhibition of apoptosis and pyroptosis activated by ROS.
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Liu JX, Zheng XY, Zhang YH, Song WT, Chang D. Research progress on the pharmacological mechanisms of chinese medicines that tonify Qi and activate blood against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. WORLD JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_21_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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21
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Hu Y, Tao W. Microenvironmental Variations After Blood-Brain Barrier Breakdown in Traumatic Brain Injury. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:750810. [PMID: 34899180 PMCID: PMC8662751 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.750810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is linked to several pathologies. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown is considered to be one of the initial changes. Further, the microenvironmental alteration following TBI-induced BBB breakdown can be multi-scaled, constant, and dramatic. The microenvironmental variations after disruption of BBB includes several pathological changes, such as cerebral blood flow (CBF) alteration, brain edema, cerebral metabolism imbalances, and accumulation of inflammatory molecules. The modulation of the microenvironment presents attractive targets for TBI recovery, such as reducing toxic substances, inhibiting inflammation, and promoting neurogenesis. Herein, we briefly review the pathological alterations of the microenvironmental changes following BBB breakdown and outline potential interventions for TBI recovery based on microenvironmental modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- School of Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiwei Tao
- School of Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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22
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Controlled Decompression Attenuates Compressive Injury following Traumatic Brain Injury via TREK-1-Mediated Inhibition of Necroptosis and Neuroinflammation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:4280951. [PMID: 34790287 PMCID: PMC8592713 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4280951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Decompressive craniectomy is an effective strategy to reduce intracranial hypertension after traumatic brain injury (TBI), but it is related to many postoperative complications, such as delayed intracranial hematoma and diffuse brain swelling. Our previous studies have demonstrated that controlled decompression (CDC) surgery attenuates brain injury and reduces the rate of complications after TBI. Here, we investigated the potential molecular mechanisms of CDC in experimental models. The in vitro experiments were performed in a traumatic neuronal injury (TNI) model following compression treatment in primary cultured cortical neurons. We found that compression aggravates TNI-induced neuronal injury, which was significantly attenuated by CDC for 2 h or 3 h. The results of immunocytochemistry showed that CDC reduced neuronal necroptosis and activation of RIP3 induced by TNI and compression, with no effect on RIP1 activity. These protective effects were associated with decreased levels of inflammatory cytokines and preserved intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. In addition, the expression of the two-pore domain K+ channel TREK-1 and its activity was increased by compression and prolonged by CDC. Treatment with the TREK-1 blockers, spadin or SID1900, could partially prevent the effects of CDC on intracellular Ca2+ metabolism, necroptosis, and neuronal injury following TNI and compression. Using a traumatic intracranial hypertension model in rats, we found that CDC for 20 min or 30 min was effective in alleviating brain edema and locomotor impairment in vivo. CDC significantly inhibited neuronal necroptosis and neuroinflammation and increased TREK-1 activation, and the CDC-induced protection in vivo was attenuated by spadin and SID1900. In summary, CDC is effective in alleviating compressive neuronal injury both in vitro and in vivo, which is associated with the TREK-1-mediated attenuation of intracellular Ca2+ overload, neuronal necroptosis, and neuroinflammation.
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Feinberg C, Carr C, Zemek R, Yeates KO, Master C, Schneider K, Bell MJ, Wisniewski S, Mannix R. Association of Pharmacological Interventions With Symptom Burden Reduction in Patients With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review. JAMA Neurol 2021; 78:596-608. [PMID: 33464290 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.5079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Importance Mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) is experienced by 55.9 million people globally each year. The symptoms of mild TBI are diverse and sometimes long-lasting, requiring frequent use of pharmacological interventions to mitigate them. A thorough understanding of the data supporting pharmacological interventions is important for decision-making among clinicians treating this common injury. Objective To systematically review studies of pharmacological interventions and their associations with symptom burden reduction among patients with mild TBI and to use an evidence-based model to identify potential directions for future research that may aid in clinical decision-making. Evidence Review A systematic review was performed in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Search strings modified for the advanced search interfaces of each search engine were developed in consultation with a librarian and included combinations of search terms, such as brain concussion, post-concussion syndrome, mild traumatic brain injury, and pharmacological treatment. Articles published between January 1, 2000, and July 1, 2020, were analyzed. Studies were included if (1) they were clinical studies with discrete analyses of participants with mild TBI or complicated mild TBI, (2) they were assessments of a pharmacological intervention, (3) they included human participants, and (4) they were published in a peer-reviewed journal in the English language. Studies were excluded if the severity of TBI among participants could not be ascertained (ie, inadequate definition of mild TBI) and the inclusion criteria for the study required intracranial hemorrhage. A total of 23 studies examining 20 pharmacological interventions met the inclusion criteria. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias for Randomized Trials (for randomized clinical trials) and the Cochrane Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions (for all other studies). Data were analyzed from June to September 2020. Findings A total of 1495 articles were identified; of those, 131 articles were excluded as duplicates. Titles and abstracts were screened for inclusion and exclusion criteria among the remaining 1364 articles, and 134 of those articles received a full-text review. After exclusions, 23 studies (11 randomized clinical trials, 7 prospective observational studies, 3 retrospective observational studies, and 2 case studies) examining 20 pharmacological interventions were identified for inclusion in the systematic review. Studies included 22 distinct participant populations comprising 8277 participants with mild TBI and 45 participants without TBI. Among 23 total studies, 8 studies specifically addressed the pediatric population, 9 studies had a low risk of bias, and 16 studies reported symptom burden reduction. Of the 20 pharmacological interventions examined in the studies, methylphenidate, sertraline hydrochloride, ondansetron, amitriptyline, and melatonin were the only medications included in multiple studies. Conclusions and Relevance This systematic review found a limited number of high-quality, clinically meaningful studies, particularly among children and individuals in the acute stage of injury; therefore, performing an evidence-based analysis that would inform clinical decision-making was not possible. Future studies are needed to focus on standardizing measures and increasing sample sizes (including large multicenter clinical trials) to generate a body of research that may provide additional options for the treatment of patients with mild TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Roger Zemek
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Keith Owen Yeates
- Department of Psychology, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christina Master
- Sports Medicine and Performance Center, Center for Injury Research and Prevention, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Division of Orthopaedics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Kathryn Schneider
- Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Faculty of Kinesiology, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael J Bell
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Children's National Hospital, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Stephen Wisniewski
- Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Rebekah Mannix
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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24
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Yang CC, Yang CM. Chinese Herbs and Repurposing Old Drugs as Therapeutic Agents in the Regulation of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Pulmonary Diseases. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:657-687. [PMID: 33707963 PMCID: PMC7940992 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s293135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Several pro-inflammatory factors and proteins have been characterized that are involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, including acute respiratory distress syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and asthma, induced by oxidative stress, cytokines, bacterial toxins, and viruses. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as secondary messengers and are products of normal cellular metabolism. Under physiological conditions, ROS protect cells against oxidative stress through the maintenance of cellular redox homeostasis, which is important for proliferation, viability, cell activation, and organ function. However, overproduction of ROS is most frequently due to excessive stimulation of either the mitochondrial electron transport chain and xanthine oxidase or reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) by pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor α. NADPH oxidase activation and ROS overproduction could further induce numerous inflammatory target proteins that are potentially mediated via Nox/ROS-related transcription factors triggered by various intracellular signaling pathways. Thus, oxidative stress is considered important in pulmonary inflammatory processes. Previous studies have demonstrated that redox signals can induce pulmonary inflammatory diseases. Thus, therapeutic strategies directly targeting oxidative stress may be effective for pulmonary inflammatory diseases. Therefore, drugs with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties may be beneficial to these diseases. Recent studies have suggested that traditional Chinese medicines, statins, and peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor agonists could modulate inflammation-related signaling processes and may be beneficial for pulmonary inflammatory diseases. In particular, several herbal medicines have attracted attention for the management of pulmonary inflammatory diseases. Therefore, we reviewed the pharmacological effects of these drugs to dissect how they induce host defense mechanisms against oxidative injury to combat pulmonary inflammation. Moreover, the cytotoxicity of oxidative stress and apoptotic cell death can be protected via the induction of HO-1 by these drugs. The main objective of this review is to focus on Chinese herbs and old drugs to develop anti-inflammatory drugs able to induce HO-1 expression for the management of pulmonary inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Chung Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Tao-Yuan, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, 33302, Taiwan.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, 33302, Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Mao Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.,Ph.D. Program for Biotech Pharmaceutical Industry, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.,Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan
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25
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Wang Z, Ma K, Liu C, Hu X, Que W, Ito H, Takahashi K, Nakajima M, Tanaka T, Ren K, Guo WZ, Yi SQ, Li XK. 5-Aminolevulinic acid combined with sodium ferrous citrate (5-ALA/SFC) ameliorated liver injury in a murine acute graft-versus-host disease model by reducing inflammation responses through PGC1-α activation. Drug Discov Ther 2021; 14:304-312. [PMID: 33390570 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2020.03112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD) remains lethal as a life-threatening complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Inflammatory responses play an important role in aGvHD. 5-Aminolevulinic acid combined with sodium ferrous citrate (5-ALA/SFC) has been widely reported to have a major effect on the anti-inflammatory response; however, these effects in aGvHD models have never been reported. In this study, a murine aGvHD model was developed by transferring spleen cells from donor B6/N (H-2kb) mice into recipient B6D2F1 (H-2kb/d) mice. In addition to evaluating manifestations in aGvHD mice, we analyzed the serum ALT/AST levels, liver pathological changes, infiltrating cells and mRNA expression of inflammation-related cytokines and chemokines. 5-ALA/SFC treatment significantly ameliorated liver injury due to aGvHD and decreased the population of liver-infiltrating T cells, resulting in a reduced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Furthermore, the mRNA expression proliferator-activated receptor-γcoactivator (PGC-1α) was enhanced, which might explain why 5-ALA/SFC treatment downregulates inflammatory signaling pathways. Our results indicated that 5-ALA/SFC can ameliorate liver injury induced by aGvHD through the activation of PGC-1α and modulation of the liver mRNA expression of inflammatory-related cytokines and chemokines. This may be a novel strategy for treating this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidan Wang
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory of Functional Morphology Graduate School of Human Health Sciences Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kuai Ma
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chi Liu
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xin Hu
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Weitao Que
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Ke Ren
- Project Division for Healthcare Innovation, Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wen-Zhi Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuang-Qin Yi
- Laboratory of Functional Morphology Graduate School of Human Health Sciences Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xiao-Kang Li
- Division of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
- Project Division for Healthcare Innovation, Graduate School of Human Health Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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26
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Sleep deprivation aggravates brain injury after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage via TLR4-MyD88 pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:3101-3111. [PMID: 33479186 PMCID: PMC7880348 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a life-threatening cerebrovascular disease, and most of the SAH patients experience sleep deprivation during their hospital stay. It is well-known that sleep deprivation is one of the key components of developing several neurological disorders, but its effect on brain damage after SAH has not been determined. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of sleep deprivation using an experimental SAH model in rats. Induction of sleep deprivation for 24 h aggravated the SAH-induced brain damage, as evidenced by brain edema, neuronal apoptosis and activation of caspase-3. Sleep deprivation also worsened the neurological impairment and cognitive deficits after SAH. The results of immunostaining and western blot showed that sleep deprivation increased the activation of microglial cells. In addition, sleep deprivation differently regulated the expression of anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory cytokines. The results of immunofluorescence staining and western blot showed that sleep deprivation markedly increased the activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88 (MyD88). Mechanically, treatment with the TLR4 inhibitor TAK-242 or the MyD88 inhibitor ST2825 significantly attenuated the brain damage and neuroinflammation induced by sleep deprivation after SAH. In conclusion, our results indicate that sleep deprivation aggravates brain damage and neurological dysfunction following experimental SAH in rats. These effects were mediated by the activation of the TLR4-MyD88 cascades and regulation of neuroinflammation.
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27
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Wang Y, Duo D, Yan Y, He R, Wang S, Wang A, Wu X. Bioactive constituents of Salvia przewalskii and the molecular mechanism of its antihypoxia effects determined using quantitative proteomics. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:469-477. [PMID: 32476549 PMCID: PMC7336993 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1762668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Context: Environmental hypobaric hypoxia induces several physiological or pathological responses in individuals in high-altitude regions. Salvia przewalskii Maxim (Labiatae) (SPM) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine and has known antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-thrombotic, and anti-depressant activities.Objective: This study examined the antihypoxia effects of SPM in vivo.Materials and methods: The dried and pulverised of SPM was extracted from root crude drug with 70% ethanol with ultrasound. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups (n = 10): normal group, hypoxia group (altitude of 4260 m), and hypoxia + SPM group (altitude of 4260 m, SPM of 1.0 g/kg/day). The experiment persisted for 4 weeks. The mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) mRNA, and lung pathology were analysed using pulmonary artery pressure recorder, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and histopathological analysis. Moreover, the effects of SPM on lung proteomes during hypoxia were observed by a TMT-based proteomic approach.Results: Pre-treatment with SPM decreased mPAP (24.86%) and HIF-1α (31.24%), and attenuated the pathological changes in lung tissues. In addition, a total of 28 proteins were differentially expressed in lung of hypoxia + SPM group (fold change > ± 1.2 and p < 0.05). The differentially altered proteins were primarily associated with antioxidative stress, as evidenced by the downregulated expression of Adh7, Cyp2d1, Plod2, Selenow, ND3, and Fabp1, and fructose metabolism, as evidenced by the downregulated expression of Khk and Aldob.Discussion and conclusions: These results suggested that SPM is a promising drug for antihypoxia. The mechanism of action might be related to increasing antioxidant capacity and inhibiting fructose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafeng Wang
- People’s Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Delong Duo
- People’s Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Yingjun Yan
- People’s Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Rongyue He
- People’s Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | | | - Aixia Wang
- People’s Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Xinan Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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28
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Xiao Z, Liu W, Mu YP, Zhang H, Wang XN, Zhao CQ, Chen JM, Liu P. Pharmacological Effects of Salvianolic Acid B Against Oxidative Damage. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:572373. [PMID: 33343348 PMCID: PMC7741185 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.572373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) is one of the main active ingredients of Salvia miltiorrhiza, with strong antioxidant effects. Recent findings have shown that Sal B has anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, anti-fibrotic effects and can promote stem cell proliferation and differentiation, and has a beneficial effect on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, aging, and liver fibrosis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) include oxygen free radicals and oxygen-containing non-free radicals. ROS can regulate cell proliferation, survival, death and differentiation to regulate inflammation, and immunity, while Sal B can scavenge oxygen free radicals by providing hydrogen atoms and reduce the production of oxygen free radicals and oxygen-containing non-radicals by regulating the expression of antioxidant enzymes. The many pharmacological effects of Sal B may be closely related to its elimination and inhibition of ROS generation, and Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2/Kelch-like ECH-related protein 1 may be the core link in its regulation of the expression of antioxidant enzyme to exert its antioxidant effect. What is confusing and interesting is that Sal B exhibits the opposite mechanisms in tumors. To clarify the specific target of Sal B and the correlation between its regulation of oxidative stress and energy metabolism homeostasis will help to further understand its role in different pathological conditions, and provide a scientific basis for its further clinical application and new drug development. Although Sal B has broad prospects in clinical application due to its extensive pharmacological effects, the low bioavailability is a serious obstacle to further improving its efficacy in vivo and promoting clinical application. Therefore, how to improve the availability of Sal B in vivo requires the joint efforts of many interdisciplinary subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhun Xiao
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Ping Mu
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Ning Wang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang-Qing Zhao
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Mei Chen
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Liver Diseases, Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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29
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Doxycycline improves traumatic brain injury outcomes in a murine survival model. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2020; 89:435-440. [DOI: 10.1097/ta.0000000000002801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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30
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Dimitrova-Shumkovska J, Krstanoski L, Veenman L. Potential Beneficial Actions of Fucoidan in Brain and Liver Injury, Disease, and Intoxication-Potential Implication of Sirtuins. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E242. [PMID: 32380741 PMCID: PMC7281157 DOI: 10.3390/md18050242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased interest in natural antioxidants has brought to light the fucoidans (sulfated polysaccharides present in brown marine algae) as highly valued nutrients as well as effective and safe therapeutics against several diseases. Based on their satisfactory in vitro antioxidant potency, researchers have identified this molecule as an efficient remedy for neuropathological as well as metabolic disorders. Some of this therapeutic activity is accomplished by upregulation of cytoprotective molecular pathways capable of restoring the enzymatic antioxidant activity and normal mitochondrial functions. Sirtuin-3 has been discovered as a key player for achieving the neuroprotective role of fucoidan by managing these pathways, whose ultimate goal is retrieving the entirety of the antioxidant response and preventing apoptosis of neurons, thereby averting neurodegeneration and brain injuries. Another pathway whereby fucoidan exerts neuroprotective capabilities is by interactions with P-selectin on endothelial cells, thereby preventing macrophages from entering the brain proper. Furthermore, beneficial influences of fucoidan have been established in hepatocytes after xenobiotic induced liver injury by decreasing transaminase leakage and autophagy as well as obtaining optimal levels of intracellular fiber, which ultimately prevents fibrosis. The hepatoprotective role of this marine polysaccharide also includes a sirtuin, namely sirtuin-1 overexpression, which alleviates obesity and insulin resistance through suppression of hyperglycemia, reducing inflammation and stimulation of enzymatic antioxidant response. While fucoidan is very effective in animal models for brain injury and neuronal degeneration, in general, it is accepted that fucoidan shows somewhat limited potency in liver. Thus far, it has been used in large doses for treatment of acute liver injuries. Thus, it appears that further optimization of fucoidan derivatives may establish enhanced versatility for treatments of various disorders, in addition to brain injury and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmina Dimitrova-Shumkovska
- Department of Experimental Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University Ss Cyril and Methodius, Arhimedova 6, P.O. Box 162, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia;
| | - Ljupcho Krstanoski
- Department of Experimental Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University Ss Cyril and Methodius, Arhimedova 6, P.O. Box 162, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia;
| | - Leo Veenman
- Israel Institute of Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Rappaport Institute of Medical Research, 1 Efron Street, P.O. Box 9697, Haifa 31096, Israel
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31
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Ardah MT, Ghanem SS, Abdulla SA, Lv G, Emara MM, Paleologou KE, Vaikath NN, Lu JH, Li M, Vekrellis K, Eliezer D, El-Agnaf OMA. Inhibition of alpha-synuclein seeded fibril formation and toxicity by herbal medicinal extracts. BMC Complement Med Ther 2020; 20:73. [PMID: 32143619 PMCID: PMC7076823 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-2849-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies indicated that seeded fibril formation and toxicity of α-synuclein (α-syn) play a main role in the pathogenesis of certain diseases including Parkinson’s disease (PD), multiple system atrophy, and dementia with Lewy bodies. Therefore, examination of compounds that abolish the process of seeding is considered a key step towards therapy of several synucleinopathies. Methods Using biophysical, biochemical and cell-culture-based assays, assessment of eleven compounds, extracted from Chinese medicinal herbs, was performed in this study for their effect on α-syn fibril formation and toxicity caused by the seeding process. Results Salvianolic acid B and dihydromyricetin were the two compounds that strongly inhibited the fibril growth and neurotoxicity of α-syn. In an in-vitro cell model, these compounds decreased the insoluble phosphorylated α-syn and aggregation. Also, in primary neuronal cells, these compounds showed a reduction in α-syn aggregates. Both compounds inhibited the seeded fibril growth with dihydromyricetin having the ability to disaggregate preformed α-syn fibrils. In order to investigate the inhibitory mechanisms of these two compounds towards fibril formation, we demonstrated that salvianolic acid B binds predominantly to monomers, while dihydromyricetin binds to oligomeric species and to a lower extent to monomers. Remarkably, these two compounds stabilized the soluble non-toxic oligomers lacking β-sheet content after subjecting them to proteinase K digestion. Conclusions Eleven compounds were tested but only two showed inhibition of α-syn aggregation, seeded fibril formation and toxicity in vitro. These findings highlight an essential beginning for development of new molecules in the field of synucleinopathies treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa T Ardah
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Simona S Ghanem
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Education City, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 5825, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sara A Abdulla
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Education City, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 5825, Doha, Qatar
| | - Guohua Lv
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mohamed M Emara
- Basic Medical Sciences Department, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Katerina E Paleologou
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Nishant N Vaikath
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Education City, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 5825, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jia-Hong Lu
- State Key Lab of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Min Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Konstantinos Vekrellis
- Center of Basic Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - David Eliezer
- Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Omar M A El-Agnaf
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Education City, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 5825, Doha, Qatar.
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32
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Du G, Song J, Du L, Zhang L, Qiang G, Wang S, Yang X, Fang L. Chemical and pharmacological research on the polyphenol acids isolated from Danshen: A review of salvianolic acids. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2020; 87:1-41. [PMID: 32089230 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2019.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Danshen, the dried root of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge, is a common medicinal herb in Traditional Chinese Medicine, which has been used for the treatment of a number of diseases for thousands of years. More than 2000 years ago, the Chinese early pharmacy monograph "Shennong Materia Medica" recorded that Danshen could be used for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, cardiovascular diseases, certain gynecological diseases, etc. Since then, Danshen has been widely used clinically in many different prescriptions for many different diseases, especially for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Nowadays, many pharmacological studies about the water-soluble components from Danshen have been reported, especially salvianolic acids. It turned out that salvianolic acids showed strong anti-lipid peroxidation and anti-thrombic activities, and among them, SalAA and SalAB were the most potent. This review focused on the achievements in research of salvianolic acids regarding their bioactivities and pharmacological effects. These studies not only shed light on the water-soluble active components of Danshen and their mechanisms at the molecular level, but also provided theoretical information for the development of new medicines from Danshen for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, inflammatory diseases, metabolic diseases, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanhua Du
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Junke Song
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lida Du
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Li Zhang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guifen Qiang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shoubao Wang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuying Yang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lianhua Fang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Si L, Wang H, Wang L. Suppression of miR-193a alleviates neuroinflammation and improves neurological function recovery after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 523:527-534. [PMID: 31924304 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.11.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the world, and is tightly associated with microglia-regulated neuroinflammation. However, the activation profile of microglia during the pathophysiological responses is still not fully understood. Micro-RNAs (miRs), as noncoding RNAs, are involved in the progression of TBI. In this study, we attempted to explore the effects of miR-193a on TBI using the in vivo and in vitro studies. Following experimental TBI in mice, we found that miR-193a expression was significantly up-regulated in ipsilateral cortical tissues and in the microglia/macrophages isolated from the ipsilateral cortical tissues, which was accompanied with markedly enhanced expression of pro-inflammatory factors. We then found that miR-193a hairpin inhibitor (antagomir) markedly reduced lesion volume, brain water contents and neuron death in TBI mice induced by the controlled cortical impact (CCI). In addition, cognitive dysfunction in TBI mice was markedly improved after miR-193a antagomir injection. Of note, CCI-induced activation of microglia was repressed by miR-193a inhibition, along with significantly reduced expression of neuroinflammatory markers, which were associated with the blockage of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. The anti-neuroinflammation effects of miR-193a suppression were verified in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-incubated microglial cells transfected with miR-193a inhibitor. In contrast, LPS-induced activation of microglial cells and the expression of pro-inflammatory factors was markedly further accelerated by the transfection of miR-193a mimic. Taken together, TBI resulted in a robust neuroinflammatory response that was closely associated with the up-regulated miR-193a expression mainly in microglia/macrophages; however, miR-193a suppression significantly alleviated post-traumatic neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction. Therefore, miR-193a might be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of TBI-associated neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Si
- Department of Neurology, Guangrao County People's Hospital, Dongying City, Shandong Province, 257300, China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Putuo District, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Leyuan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Changle People's Hospital, Shandong, 262400, China.
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Zhou P, Hua F, Wang X, Huang JL. Therapeutic potential of IKK-β inhibitors from natural phenolics for inflammation in cardiovascular diseases. Inflammopharmacology 2020; 28:19-37. [PMID: 31894515 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00680-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVDs) is a chronic disease with the highest morbidity and mortality in the world. Previous studies have suggested that preventing inflammation serves an efficient role in protection against cardiovascular diseases. Modulation of IKK-β activity can be used to treat and control CVDs associated with chronic inflammation, which targets the phosphorylation of IκB following the release of the RelA complex, and then translocates to the nucleus, eventually triggering the transcription of several genes that induce chemokines, cytokines, and adhesion molecules. Most importantly, the IκB kinase (IKK) complex is involved in transcriptional activation by phosphorylating the inhibitory molecule IkBα, enabling activation of NF-κB. Phenolic compounds possess cardioprotective potential that may be related to modulating inflammatory responses involved in CVDs. The SystemsDock analysis was used to explore whether 38 active compounds inhibit IKK-β activity based on literature. Docking results showed that the top docking score of three chemical compounds were icariin, salvianolic acid B, and plantainoside D in all compounds. Icariin, salvianolic acid B, and plantainoside D are the most promising IKKβ inhibitors. These phytochemicals could be helpful to find the lead compounds on designing and developing novel cardioprotective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhou
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China. .,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fang Hua
- Pharmacy School, Anhui Xinhua University, Hefei, 230088, People's Republic of China.,Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Wang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Ling Huang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China. .,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.
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Wang Y, Duo D, Yan Y, He R, Wang S, Wang A, Wu X. Extract of Salvia przewalskii Repair Tissue Damage in Chronic Hypoxia Maybe through the RhoA-ROCK Signalling Pathway. Biol Pharm Bull 2019; 43:432-439. [PMID: 31875579 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b19-00775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Salvia przewalskii Maxim is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine and is known to have antibacterial, antiviral, anti-oxidant, anti-thrombotic and anti-depressant properties. However, the major active components of S. przewalskii and its anti-hypoxic effects are still unclear. This study probed the major active component and anti-hypoxic activity of S. przewalskii. The major active components of S. przewalskii were detected by HPLC. The anti-hypoxic effects of S. przewalskii were detected in mice and a rat model of hypoxic preconditioning. The results showed that there are eight active components, including sodium danshensu, rosmarinic acid, lithospermic acid, salvianolic acid B, dihydrotanshinone I, cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I and tanshinone IIA, and each component showed a certain anti-hypoxic effect. Moreover, S. przewalskii enhanced anti-hypoxia in mice, which was manifested as prolonged survival time in acute hypoxic preconditioning and the amelioration of acute hypoxia-induced changes in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). In addition, S. przewalskii also repaired tissue damage in chronic hypoxia by downregulating hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Bcl-2, CDK4, CyclinD1 and P27Kip1 and inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines and the RhoA-Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) signalling pathway. Our findings provide new insight into the anti-hypoxic effect of S. przewalskii as a promising agent for high-altitude pulmonary hypertension treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafeng Wang
- Department of pharmacy, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Delong Duo
- Department of pharmacy, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Yingjun Yan
- Department of pharmacy, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Rongyue He
- Department of pharmacy, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Shengbiao Wang
- Department of pharmacy, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Aixia Wang
- Department of pharmacy, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital
| | - Xinan Wu
- Department of pharmacy, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University
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Rjeibi I, Ben Saad A, Ncib S, Souid S, Allagui MS, Hfaiedh N. Brachychiton populneus as a novel source of bioactive ingredients with therapeutic effects: antioxidant, enzyme inhibitory, anti-inflammatory properties and LC-ESI-MS profile. Inflammopharmacology 2019; 28:563-574. [PMID: 31792766 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00672-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Brachychiton populneus is one of the unexploited Tunisian plants, traditionally eaten as food and used for medicinal purposes. The present study aimed to investigate the phytochemical components of the seeds, leaves and flowers from B. populneus using three different solvents and to explore their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. Further, this study was focused on the identification of phenolic compounds from the most active extract. In vitro, all extracts showed strong antioxidant property by DPPH, ferrous ion chelating and lipid peroxidation-inhibiting assays, noticeable anti-inflammatory activity by protein denaturation and membrane stabilization methods and important neuroprotective effects by acetylcholinesterase inhibitory test. In vivo, B. populneus (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, i.p.) showed significant dose-response anti-inflammatory effects against carrageenan-induced paw edema. With respect to the phenolic profile, the leaf methanol extract presented eight phenolic acids, one flavone and four flavonoids, with salvianolic acid B (820.3 mg/kg), caffeic acid (224.03 mg/kg), syringic acid (100.2 mg/kg) and trans-ferulic acid (60.02 mg/kg) as the major compounds. The results of the current study suggested that B. populneus could be a precious source of health-benefitting biomolecules and may be developed as new antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and AChE inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilhem Rjeibi
- Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, 2112, Gafsa, Tunisia.
| | - Anouar Ben Saad
- Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, University of Gafsa, 2112, Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Sana Ncib
- Unit of Common Services, Faculty of Sciences Gafsa, University of Gafsa, 2112, Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Sami Souid
- Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, 2112, Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Salah Allagui
- Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Science of Sfax, University of Sfax, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Najla Hfaiedh
- Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, 2112, Gafsa, Tunisia
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Chen T, Zhu J, Hang CH, Wang YH. The Potassium SK Channel Activator NS309 Protects Against Experimental Traumatic Brain Injury Through Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Mechanisms. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1432. [PMID: 31849677 PMCID: PMC6895208 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation plays important roles in neuronal cell death and functional deficits after TBI. Small conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels (SK) have been shown to be potential therapeutic targets for treatment of neurological disorders, such as stroke and Parkinson’s disease (PD). The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of SK channels in an animal model of TBI induced by controlled cortical impact (CCI). The SK channels activator NS309 at a concentration of 2 mg/kg was administered by intraperitoneal injection, and no obviously organ-related toxicity of NS309 was found in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Treatment with NS309 significantly reduced brain edema after TBI, but had no effect on contusion volume. This protection can be observed even when the administration was delayed by 4 h after injury. NS309 attenuated the TBI-induced deficits in neurological function, which was accompanied by the reduced neuronal apoptosis. The results of immunohistochemistry showed that NS309 decreased the number of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and microglia cells, with no effect on astrocytes. In addition, NS309 markedly decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α) and chemokines (MCP-1, MIP-2, and RANTES), but increased the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-β1) after TBI. The results of RT-PCR and western blot showed that NS309 increased TSG-6 expression and inhibited NF-κB activation. Furthermore, knockdown of TSG-6 using in vivo transfection with TSG-6 specific shRNA partially reversed the protective and anti-inflammatory effects of NS309 against TBI. In summary, our results indicate that the SK channel activator NS309 could modulate inflammation-associated immune cells and cytokines via regulating the TSG-6/NF-κB pathway after TBI. The present study offers a new sight into the mechanisms responsible for SK channels activation with implications for the treatment of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 904th Hospital of PLA, School of Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 904th Hospital of PLA, School of Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chun-Hua Hang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Hai Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The 904th Hospital of PLA, School of Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Wuxi, China
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Wound Healing and the Use of Medicinal Plants. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:2684108. [PMID: 31662773 PMCID: PMC6778887 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2684108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous wound healing is the process by which skin repairs itself. It is generally accepted that cutaneous wound healing can be divided into 4 phases: haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodelling. In humans, keratinocytes re-form a functional epidermis (reepithelialization) as rapidly as possible, closing the wound and reestablishing tissue homeostasis. Dermal fibroblasts migrate into the wound bed and proliferate, creating “granulation tissue” rich in extracellular matrix proteins and supporting the growth of new blood vessels. Ultimately, this is remodelled over an extended period, returning the injured tissue to a state similar to that before injury. Dysregulation in any phase of the wound healing cascade delays healing and may result in various skin pathologies, including nonhealing, or chronic ulceration. Indigenous and traditional medicines make extensive use of natural products and derivatives of natural products and provide more than half of all medicines consumed today throughout the world. Recognising the important role traditional medicine continues to play, we have undertaken an extensive survey of literature reporting the use of medical plants and plant-based products for cutaneous wounds. We describe the active ingredients, bioactivities, clinical uses, formulations, methods of preparation, and clinical value of 36 medical plant species. Several species stand out, including Centella asiatica, Curcuma longa, and Paeonia suffruticosa, which are popular wound healing products used by several cultures and ethnic groups. The popularity and evidence of continued use clearly indicates that there are still lessons to be learned from traditional practices. Hidden in the myriad of natural products and derivatives from natural products are undescribed reagents, unexplored combinations, and adjunct compounds that could have a place in the contemporary therapeutic inventory.
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Yu X, Guan Q, Wang Y, Shen H, Zhai L, Lu X, Jin Y. Anticonvulsant and anti-apoptosis effects of salvianolic acid B on pentylenetetrazole-kindled rats via AKT/CREB/BDNF signaling. Epilepsy Res 2019; 154:90-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Keshavarzi Z, Shakeri F, Barreto GE, Bibak B, Sathyapalan T, Sahebkar A. Medicinal plants in traumatic brain injury: Neuroprotective mechanisms revisited. Biofactors 2019; 45:517-535. [PMID: 31206893 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the most prevalent health problem affecting all age groups, and leads to many secondary problems in other organs especially kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, and heart function. In this review, the search terms were TBI, fluid percussion injury, cold injury, weight drop impact acceleration injury, lateral fluid percussion, cortical impact injury, and blast injury. Studies with Actaea racemosa, Artemisia annua, Aframomum melegueta, Carthamus tinctorius, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Crocus sativus, Cnidium monnieri, Curcuma longa, Gastrodia elata, Malva sylvestris, Da Chuanxiong Formula, Erigeron breviscapus, Panax ginseng, Salvia tomentosa, Satureja khuzistanica, Nigella sativa, Drynaria fortune, Dracaena cochinchinensis, Polygonum cuspidatum, Rosmarinus officinalis, Rheum tanguticum, Centella asiatica, and Curcuma zedoaria show a significant decrease in neuronal injury by different mechanisms such as increasing superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, suppressing nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), interleukin 1 (IL-1), glial fibrillary acidic protein, and IL-6 expression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of medicinal plants in central nervous system pathologies by reviewing the available literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakieh Keshavarzi
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Shakeri
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - George E Barreto
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Bahram Bibak
- Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Department of Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull HU3 2JZ, UK
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Current Progress of Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases of Salvianolic Acid B. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:3281260. [PMID: 31341529 PMCID: PMC6612994 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3281260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Lamiaceae), one of the most commonly used traditional Chinese herbs, is widely used for the treatment of cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease in clinical practice. Salvianolic acid B (Sal B, C36H30O16, FW = 718.62) is the main water-soluble active ingredient of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, which performs prophylactic and therapeutic activities against neurodegenerative diseases. So far, numerous studies have proved that multiple factors and mechanisms are involved in the pathological process of neurodegenerative diseases, including amyloid β (Aβ) aggregation and fibril formation, hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, neuroinflammation, oxidative-stress damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuron apoptosis. This study is aimed at reviewing experimental studies and describing the possible mechanisms of Sal B on neurodegenerative diseases.
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Wu JZ, Ardah M, Haikal C, Svanbergsson A, Diepenbroek M, Vaikath NN, Li W, Wang ZY, Outeiro TF, El-Agnaf OM, Li JY. Dihydromyricetin and Salvianolic acid B inhibit alpha-synuclein aggregation and enhance chaperone-mediated autophagy. Transl Neurodegener 2019; 8:18. [PMID: 31223479 PMCID: PMC6570948 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-019-0159-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progressive accumulation of α-synuclein is a key step in the pathological development of Parkinson's disease. Impaired protein degradation and increased levels of α-synuclein may trigger a pathological aggregation in vitro and in vivo. The chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) pathway is involved in the intracellular degradation processes of α-synuclein. Dysfunction of the CMA pathway impairs α-synuclein degradation and causes cytotoxicity. RESULTS In the present study, we investigated the effects on the CMA pathway and α-synuclein aggregation using bioactive ingredients (Dihydromyricetin (DHM) and Salvianolic acid B (Sal B)) extracted from natural medicinal plants. In both cell-free and cellular models of α-synuclein aggregation, after administration of DHM and Sal B, we observed significant inhibition of α-synuclein accumulation and aggregation. Cells were co-transfected with a C-terminal modified α-synuclein (SynT) and synphilin-1, and then treated with DHM (10 μM) and Sal B (50 μM) 16 hours after transfection; levels of α-synuclein aggregation decreased significantly (68% for DHM and 75% for Sal B). Concomitantly, we detected increased levels of LAMP-1 (a marker of lysosomal homeostasis) and LAMP-2A (a key marker of CMA). Immunofluorescence analyses showed increased colocalization between LAMP-1 and LAMP-2A with α-synuclein inclusions after treatment with DHM and Sal B. We also found increased levels of LAMP-1 and LAMP-2A both in vitro and in vivo, along with decreased levels of α-synuclein. Moreover, DHM and Sal B treatments exhibited anti-inflammatory activities, preventing astroglia- and microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in BAC-α-syn-GFP transgenic mice. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that DHM and Sal B are effective in modulating α-synuclein accumulation and aggregate formation and augmenting activation of CMA, holding potential for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Zhen Wu
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning China
- Key Laboratory of Maternal-Fetal Medicine of Liaoning Province and Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mustafa Ardah
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, PO Box 17666, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Caroline Haikal
- Neural Plasticity and Repair Unit, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC A10, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Alexander Svanbergsson
- Neural Plasticity and Repair Unit, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC A10, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Meike Diepenbroek
- Neural Plasticity and Repair Unit, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC A10, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Nishant N. Vaikath
- Neural Plasticity and Repair Unit, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC A10, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Education City, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 5825, Doha, Qatar
| | - Wen Li
- Neural Plasticity and Repair Unit, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC A10, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Zhan-You Wang
- Institute of Heath Sciences, China Medical University, 110112 Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tiago F. Outeiro
- Department of Experimental Neurodegeneration, Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain, Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Omar M. El-Agnaf
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute (QBRI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Education City, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 5825, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jia-Yi Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning China
- Neural Plasticity and Repair Unit, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Department of Experimental Medical Science, BMC A10, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
- Institute of Heath Sciences, China Medical University, 110112 Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
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Salvianolic acid B ameliorates liver injury in a murine aGvHD model by decreasing inflammatory responses via upregulation of HO-1. Transpl Immunol 2019; 55:101203. [PMID: 30904623 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD) remains lethal, even after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Inflammatory responses play an important role in aGvHD. Salvianolic acid B (Sal B) has been widely reported to have a major effect on the anti-inflammatory response, but these effects in an aGvHD model have never been reported. B6 donor splenocytes were transplanted into unirradiated BDF1 recipients and liver and serum were collected on day 14 after transplantation with or without Sal B administration. We measured the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and other manifestations in aGvHD mice after Sal B treatment. Sal B ameliorated liver injury in aGvHD and promoted survival in mice. Sal B treatment resulted in decreased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines whose expressions in liver are normally elevated by aGvHD. Furthermore, Sal B treatment also enhanced PGC-1α expression in liver tissue and HO-1 expression in nonparenchymal cells. In addition, HO-1 inhibitor abrogated the improvement of survival rate of mice with aGvHD. These results indicated that the protective effect of Sal B relies on suppressing the inflammatory response phase in the aGvHD model, presumably by inducing HO-1. Taken together our data showed that Sal B ameliorates liver injury in aGvHD by decreasing inflammatory responses via upregulation of HO-1. It may provide a novel way to deal with this disease.
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Zhang G, Cui G, Tong S, Cao Q. Salvianolic acid A alleviates the renal damage in rats with chronic renal failure1. Acta Cir Bras 2019; 34:e201900204. [PMID: 30843937 PMCID: PMC6585911 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-8650201900204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the protective effects of salvianolic acid A (SAA) on renal
damage in rats with chronic renal failure (CRF). Methods The five-sixth nephrectomy model of CRF was successfully established in
group CRF (10 rats) and group CRF+SAA (10 rats). Ten rats were selected as
sham-operated group (group S), in which only the capsules of both kidneys
were removed. The rats in group CRF+SAA were intragastrically administrated
with 10 mg/kg SAA for 8 weeks. The blood urine nitrogen (BUN), urine
creatinine (Ucr), creatinine clearance rate (Ccr), and serum uperoxide
dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were tested. The expressions of
transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7)
and Smad6 protein in renal tissue were determined. Results After treatment, compared with group CRF, in group CRF+SAA the BUN, Scr,
serum MDA and kidney/body weight ratio were decreased, the Ccr and serum SOD
were increased, the TGF-β1 protein expression level in renal tissue was
decreased, and the BMP-7 and Smad6 protein levels were increased (all P <
0.05). Conclusion SAA can alleviate the renal damage in CRF rats through anti-oxidant stress,
down-regulation of TGF-β1 signaling pathway and up-regulation of BMP-7/Smad6
signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangming Zhang
- Master, Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital, Beihua University, China. Technical procedures, final approval
| | - Guanghua Cui
- Bachelor, Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, China. Acquisition of data, statistics analysis, final approval
| | - Shuangxi Tong
- Master, Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital, Beihua University, China. Manuscript preparation, final approval
| | - Qingxian Cao
- Master, Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital, Beihua University, China. Design of the study, critical revision, final approval
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45
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Ma L, Tang L, Yi Q. Salvianolic Acids: Potential Source of Natural Drugs for the Treatment of Fibrosis Disease and Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:97. [PMID: 30842735 PMCID: PMC6391314 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvianolic acids, the most effective and abundant compounds extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen), are well known for its good anti-oxidative activity. Danshen has been extensively used as a traditional medicine to treat cardiovascular-related diseases in China and other Asian countries for hundreds of years. Recently, more and more studies have demonstrated that salvianolic acids also have a good effect on the alleviation of fibrosis disease and the treatment of cancer. In vivo and in vitro experiments have demonstrated that salvianolic acids can modulate signal transduction within fibroblasts and cancer cells. It is discovered that the cancer treatment of salvianolic acids is not only because salvianolic acids promote the apoptosis of cancer cells, but also due to the inhibition of cancer-associated epithelial-mesenchymal transition processes. In this article, we review a variety of studies focusing on the comprehensive roles of salvianolic acids in the treatment of fibrosis disease and cancer. These perspectives on the therapeutic potential of salvianolic acids highlight the importance of these compounds, which could be the novel and attractive drugs for fibrosis disease and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lunkun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liling Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Yi
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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46
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Quan G, Chen W, Wen Y, Yan Y, Gu M, Pan Y. Chemoprotective Efficacy of Salvianolic Acid B via Triggering Apoptosis in MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells. INT J PHARMACOL 2018. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2019.110.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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47
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Jin Q, Hu X, Deng Y, Hou J, Lei M, Ji H, Zhou J, Qu H, Wu W, Guo D. Four New Depsides Isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza and Their Significant Nerve-Protective Activities. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23123274. [PMID: 30544925 PMCID: PMC6320994 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
By investigating of the roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza, which is one of the most widely used Chinese herbs, we used phytochemical methods successfully to obtain twelve depsides: four depsides (1⁻4) that were previously undescribed, along with eight known ones (5⁻12). Their structure characteristics were assessed by HR-ESIMS, CD, NMR (¹H, 13C, HSQC, HMBC) data analyses. These four newly isolated compounds (1⁻4), as well as the other eight compounds (5⁻12), show extraordinary protective effects on hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in HS-SY5Y cells. Among them, depside 4 and depside 6 displayed more obviously protective effects than others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghao Jin
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Road #501, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Xinyi Hu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Road #501, Shanghai 201203, China.
- Institute of Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
| | - Yanping Deng
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Road #501, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Jinjun Hou
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Road #501, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Min Lei
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Road #501, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Hongjian Ji
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Road #501, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Jing Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Road #501, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Hua Qu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Road #501, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Wanying Wu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Road #501, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Dean Guo
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haike Road #501, Shanghai 201203, China.
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48
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Chen W, Wang N, Li RC, Xu GF, Bao G, Jiang HT, Wang MD. Salvianolic acid B renders glioma cells more sensitive to radiation via Fis-1-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:1230-1236. [PMID: 30257337 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.08.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma remains the leading cause of brain tumor-related death worldwide, and radiation is a standard adjuvant therapy with proven efficacy. Salvianolic acid B (SalB), a bioactive compound isolated from Radix Salviae, has been shown to exert anti-cancer effects in many cancer cell lines, including glioma. This study aimed to investigate whether SalB could affect response to radiation in human glioma cells. We found that SalB decreased cell viability of U87 cells in a-dose-dependent manner. A subthreshold dose of SalB at 0.5 μM, which had no effect on cell viability and apoptosis, significantly increased radiation sensitivity of U87 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner, but had no effect on sensitivity to temozolomide (TMZ). Similar results were also observed in human glioma U373 cells. In addition, SalB aggravated the radiation-induced apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction, as measured by mitochondrial Ca2+ buffering capacity and mitochondrial swelling. SalB treatment markedly promoted mitochondrial fission and differently regulated the expression of fission proteins. Furthermore, downregulation of the fission protein Fis-1 using siRNA was found to partially reversed the SalB-induced effects on cell viability, apoptosis and mitochondrial fission in U87 cells. In conclusion, our results suggest that a subthreshold dose of SalB renders glioma cells more sensitive to radiation via Fis-1-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction, and radiotherapy combined with SalB might be a novel treatment for glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Rui-Chun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Gao-Feng Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Gang Bao
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Hai-Tao Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Mao-De Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
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49
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Zhang X, Wu Q, Lu Y, Wan J, Dai H, Zhou X, Lv S, Chen X, Zhang X, Hang C, Wang J. Cerebroprotection by salvianolic acid B after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage occurs via Nrf2- and SIRT1-dependent pathways. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 124:504-516. [PMID: 29966698 PMCID: PMC6286712 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Salvianolic acid B (SalB), a natural polyphenolic compound extracted from the herb of Salvia miltiorrhiza, possesses antioxidant and neuroprotective properties and has been shown to be beneficial for diseases that affect vasculature and cognitive function. Here we investigated the protective effects of SalB against subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)-induced oxidative damage, and the involvement of underlying molecular mechanisms. In a rat model of SAH, SalB inhibited SAH-induced oxidative damage. The reduction in oxidative damage was associated with suppressed reactive oxygen species generation; decreased lipid peroxidation; and increased glutathione peroxidase, glutathione, and superoxide dismutase activities. Concomitant with the suppressed oxidative stress, SalB significantly reduced neurologic impairment, brain edema, and neural cell apoptosis after SAH. Moreover, SalB dramatically induced nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) nuclear translocation and increased expression of heme oxygenase-1 and NADPH: quinine oxidoreductase-1. In a mouse model of SAH, Nrf2 knockout significantly reversed the antioxidant effects of SalB against SAH. Additionally, SalB activated sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) expression, whereas SIRT1-specific inhibitor sirtinol pretreatment significantly suppressed SalB-induced SIRT1 activation and Nrf2 expression. Sirtinol pretreatment also reversed the antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of SalB. In primary cultured cortical neurons, SalB suppressed oxidative damage, alleviated neuronal degeneration, and improved cell viability. These beneficial effects were associated with activation of the SIRT1 and Nrf2 signaling pathway and were reversed by sirtinol treatment. Taken together, these in vivo and in vitro findings suggest that SalB provides protection against SAH-triggered oxidative damage by upregulating the Nrf2 antioxidant signaling pathway, which may be modulated by SIRT1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangsheng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jieru Wan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Haibin Dai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, School of Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengyin Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Chunhua Hang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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50
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Hwang SH, Kim SB, Jang SP, Wang Z, Suh HW, Lim SS. Anti-Nociceptive Effect and Standardization from Mixture of Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge Extracts. J Med Food 2018; 21:596-604. [PMID: 29847228 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2017.4077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb has been previously reported to produce an anti-nociceptive effect in ICR mice in both tail-flick and hot-plate tests. Studies have shown that Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, also renowned in traditional Chinese medicine, is an effective anti-inflammatory treatment. Among the extraction solvents investigated, a 50% ethanol (EtOH) extract of A. pilosa produced the highest anti-nociceptive effect in monosodium uric acid-induced gout pain models and the greatest yield. The 80% EtOH extract of S. miltiorrhiza moderately inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide release from RAW 264.7 murine macrophages and exhibited outstanding yield. The mixture of optimized A. pilosa and S. miltiorrhiza extracts were evaluated for enhanced anti-nociceptive effects in gout arthritis treatment. To control extract quality, four marker compounds were determined using an HPLC-DAD method. A 1:1 mixture of A. pilosa 50 and S. miltiorrhiza 80% EtOH extracts of produced better results than when the extracts were administered individually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hwan Hwang
- 1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University , Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Set Byeol Kim
- 1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University , Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Sang-Pil Jang
- 2 Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University , Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Korea.,3 Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Hallym University , Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- 1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University , Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Korea.,4 College of Public Health, Hebei University , Baoding, China
| | - Hong-Won Suh
- 2 Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University , Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Korea.,3 Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Hallym University , Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Korea
| | - Soon Sung Lim
- 1 Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Hallym University , Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Korea.,2 Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University , Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Korea
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