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Duffy EP, Bachtell RK, Ehringer MA. Opioid trail: Tracking contributions to opioid use disorder from host genetics to the gut microbiome. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 156:105487. [PMID: 38040073 PMCID: PMC10836641 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a worldwide public health crisis with few effective treatment options. Traditional genetics and neuroscience approaches have provided knowledge about biological mechanisms that contribute to OUD-related phenotypes, but the complexity and magnitude of effects in the brain and body remain poorly understood. The gut-brain axis has emerged as a promising target for future therapeutics for several psychiatric conditions, so characterizing the relationship between host genetics and the gut microbiome in the context of OUD will be essential for development of novel treatments. In this review, we describe evidence that interactions between host genetics, the gut microbiome, and immune signaling likely play a key role in mediating opioid-related phenotypes. Studies in humans and model organisms consistently demonstrated that genetic background is a major determinant of gut microbiome composition. Furthermore, the gut microbiome is susceptible to environmental influences such as opioid exposure. Additional work focused on gene by microbiome interactions will be necessary to gain improved understanding of their effects on OUD-related behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eamonn P Duffy
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA; Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.
| | - Ryan K Bachtell
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA; Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Marissa A Ehringer
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA; Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
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2
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Amohashemi E, Reisi P, Alaei HA. Low Current Intensity Plus an Ineffective Dose of Morphine Affect Conditioning Place Preference Through Different Pathways in the Lateral Habenula. Adv Biomed Res 2023; 12:161. [PMID: 37564447 PMCID: PMC10410425 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_126_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The involvement of lateral habenula and the ineffective dose of morphine on reward-related learning and memory is less well-known. This study looked into the effects of electrical stimulation, GABAB receptor blockade, and a combination of both with morphine on conditioned place preference. Materials and Methods In this experiment, male rats were anesthetized with ketamine/xylazine (six rats in each group). A 5-day biased conditioned place preference paradigm was used for the behavioral test. The effects of electrical stimulation and phaclofen plus a low dose of morphine on the acquisition and expression phases were examined during conditioning sessions and before the test phase, respectively. Results The conditioning scores were reduced by antagonist injection during the acquisition phase. Interestingly, different intensities exhibited opposite effects on the acquisition phase. Conditioned place preference scores during the acquisition phase were significantly induced by 25 μA electrical stimulation, while conditioning scores were suppressed by electrical stimulation at 150 μA. Phaclofen (2 μg/rat) combined with high intensity induced aversion during the acquisition phase, while inhibiting expression. In contrast, high intensity with phaclofen (1 μg/rat) inhibited only the acquisition session. However, low intensity during the acquisition phase had an additive effect that was prevented by pretreatment with phaclofen (2 μg/rat), but this response was modified by the antagonist's low dose. Conclusions A behavioral technique called conditioned place preference is frequently used to evaluate learning that is related to rewards. Therefore, lateral habenula electrical stimulation and phaclofen plus morphine could affect place preference through the involvement of the reward system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Amohashemi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parham Reisi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hojjat Allah Alaei
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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3
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Involvement of GABAA receptors of lateral habenula in the acquisition and expression phases of morphine-induced place preference in male rats. Behav Pharmacol 2022; 33:452-465. [PMID: 36148835 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The lateral habenula (LHb) is a critical brain structure involved in the aversive response to drug abuse. It has been determined that the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic system plays the main role in morphine dependency. The role of GABA type A receptors (GABAARs) in LHb on morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) remains unknown. In this study, the effect of bilateral intra-LHb microinjection of GABAAR agonist and antagonist on the acquisition and expression phases of CPP, utilizing a 5-day CPP paradigm in male rats, was evaluated. Subcutaneous administration of different doses of morphine caused a dose-dependent CPP. Intra-LHb microinjection of the GABAAR agonist, muscimol, in combination with morphine (5 mg/kg; subcutaneously) enhanced CPP scores in the acquisition phase of morphine CPP, whereas the GABAAR antagonist, bicuculline, significantly reduced the conditioning scores in the acquisition phase. Furthermore, pretreatment with a high dose of bicuculline reversed the additive effect of muscimol during the acquisition phase, yet the low dose of antagonist had no significant effect on agonist-induced CPP scores. On the other hand, muscimol (3 µg/rat) significantly increased CPP scores in the expression phase but bicuculline did not induce a significant effect on CPP scores. Bicuculline and muscimol microinjections did not affect locomotor activity in the testing sessions. Our results confirm that GABAARs in LHb play an active role in morphine reward. In addition, microinjections of bicuculline/muscimol may alter the morphine response through the GABAergic system.
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Crawford LC, Kim S, Karelia D, Sepulveda DE, Morgan DJ, Lü J, Henderson-Redmond AN. Decursinol-mediated antinociception and anti-allodynia in acute and neuropathic pain models in male mice: Tolerance and receptor profiling. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:968976. [PMID: 36249788 PMCID: PMC9558739 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.968976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Korean scientists have shown that oral administration of Angelica gigas Nakai (AGN) root alcoholic extract and the metabolite of its pyranocoumarins, decursinol, have antinociceptive properties across various thermal and acute inflammatory pain models. The objectives of this study were 1) to assess whether tolerance develops to the antinociceptive effects of once-daily intraperitoneally administered decursinol (50 mg/kg) in acute thermal pain models, 2) to establish its anti-allodynic efficacy and potential tolerance development in a model of chemotherapy-evoked neuropathic pain (CENP) and 3) to probe the involvement of select receptors in mediating the pain-relieving effects with antagonists. The results show that decursinol induced antinociception in both the hot plate and tail-flick assays and reversed mechanical allodynia in mice with cisplatin-evoked neuropathic pain. Tolerance was detected to the antinociceptive effects of decursinol in the hot plate and tail-flick assays and to the anti-allodynic effects of decursinol in neuropathic mice. Pretreatment with either the 5-HT2 antagonist methysergide, the 5-HT2A antagonist volinanserin, or the 5-HT2C antagonist SB-242084 failed to attenuate decursinol-induced antinociception in the tail-flick assay. While pretreatment with the cannabinoid inverse agonists rimonabant and SR144528 failed to modify decursinol-induced anti-allodynia, pretreatment with the opioid antagonist naloxone partially attenuated the anti-allodynic effects of decursinol. In conclusion, our data support decursinol as an active phytochemical of AGN having both antinociceptive and anti-allodynic properties. Future work warrants a more critical investigation of potential receptor mechanisms as they are likely more complicated than initially reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- LaTaijah C. Crawford
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - Sangyub Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Deepkamal Karelia
- Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Diana E. Sepulveda
- Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Daniel J. Morgan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, United States
| | - Junxuan Lü
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
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Prefrontal Cortex Response to Prenatal Insult and Postnatal Opioid Exposure. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13081371. [PMID: 36011282 PMCID: PMC9407090 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of proinflammatory challenges, such as maternal immune activation (MIA) or postnatal exposure to drugs of abuse, on brain molecular pathways has been reported. On the other hand, the simultaneous effects of MIA and drugs of abuse have been less studied and sometimes offered inconsistent results. The effects of morphine exposure on a pig model of viral-elicited MIA were characterized in the prefrontal cortex of males and females using RNA-sequencing and gene network analysis. Interacting and main effects of morphine, MIA, and sex were detected in approximately 2000 genes (false discovery rate-adjusted p-value < 0.05). Among the enriched molecular categories (false discovery rate-adjusted p-value < 0.05 and −1.5 > normalized enrichment score > 1.5) were the cell adhesion molecule pathways associated with inflammation and neuronal development and the long-term depression pathway associated with synaptic strength. Gene networks that integrate gene connectivity and expression profiles displayed the impact of morphine-by-MIA interaction effects on the pathways. The cell adhesion molecules and long-term depression networks presented an antagonistic effect between morphine and MIA. The differential expression between the double-challenged group and the baseline saline-treated Controls was less extreme than the individual challenges. The previous findings advance the knowledge about the effects of prenatal MIA and postnatal morphine exposure on the prefrontal cortex pathways.
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Reed B, Kreek MJ. Genetic Vulnerability to Opioid Addiction. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2021; 11:cshperspect.a039735. [PMID: 32205416 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a039735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Opioid addiction, also referred to as opioid use disorder, continues to be a devastating problem throughout the world. Familial relation and twin studies have revealed opioid addiction, like other addictive diseases, to be profoundly influenced by genetics. Genetics studies of opioid addiction have affirmed the importance of genetics contributors in susceptibility to develop opioid addiction, and also have important implications on treatment for opioid addiction. But the complexity of the interactions of multiple genetic variants across diverse genes, as well as substantial differences in allelic frequencies across populations, thus far limits the predictive value of individual genetics variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Reed
- The Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
| | - Mary Jeanne Kreek
- The Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
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The Impact of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism in the ABCB1 Gene on Opioid Dependence in an Egyptian Sample. ADDICTIVE DISORDERS & THEIR TREATMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1097/adt.0000000000000197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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8
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Saad Z, Hibar D, Fedgchin M, Popova V, Furey ML, Singh JB, Kolb H, Drevets WC, Chen G. Effects of Mu-Opiate Receptor Gene Polymorphism rs1799971 (A118G) on the Antidepressant and Dissociation Responses in Esketamine Nasal Spray Clinical Trials. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2020; 23:549-558. [PMID: 32367114 PMCID: PMC7710914 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyaa030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background At ketamine and esketamine doses at which antidepressant doses are achieved, these agents are relatively selective, noncompetitive, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists. However, at substantially higher doses, ketamine has shown mu-opioid receptor (MOR–gene symbol: OPRM1) agonist effects. Preliminary clinical studies showed conflicting results on whether naltrexone, a MOR antagonist, blocks the antidepressant action of ketamine. We examined drug-induced or endogenous MOR involvement in the antidepressant and dissociative responses to esketamine by assessing the effects of a functional single nucleotide polymorphism rs1799971 (A118G) of OPRM1, which is known to alter MOR agonist-mediated responses. Methods Participants with treatment-resistant depression from 2 phase III, double-blind, controlled trials of esketamine (or placebo) nasal spray plus an oral antidepressant were genotyped for rs1799971. Participants received the experimental agents twice weekly for 4 weeks. Antidepressant responses were rated using the change in Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) score on days 2 and 28 post-dose initiation, and dissociative side effects were assessed using the Clinician-Administered Dissociative-States Scale at 40 minutes post-dose on days 1 and 25. Results In the esketamine + antidepressant arm, no significant genotype effect of single nucleotide polymorphism rs1799971 (A118G) on MADRS score reductions was detected on either day 2 or 28. By contrast, in the antidepressant + placebo arm, there was a significant genotype effect on MADRS score reductions on day 2 and a nonsignificant trend on day 28 towards an improvement in depression symptoms in G-allele carriers. No significant genotype effects on dissociative responses were detected. Conclusions Variation in rs1799971 (A118G) did not affect the antidepressant response to esketamine + antidepressant. Antidepressant response to antidepressant + placebo was increased in G-allele carriers, compatible with previous reports that release of endorphins/enkephalins may play a role in mediating placebo effect. Trial Registration NCT02417064 and NCT02418585; www.clinicaltrials.gov
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziad Saad
- Janssen Research & Development, San Diego, California
| | | | | | | | - Maura L Furey
- Janssen Research & Development, San Diego, California
| | | | - Hartmuth Kolb
- Janssen Research & Development, San Diego, California
| | | | - Guang Chen
- Janssen Research & Development, San Diego, California
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c-Jun N terminal kinase signaling pathways mediate cannabinoid tolerance in an agonist-specific manner. Neuropharmacology 2019; 164:107847. [PMID: 31758947 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.107847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tolerance to the antinociceptive effects of cannabinoids represents a significant limitation to their clinical use in managing chronic pain. Tolerance likely results from desensitization and down-regulation of the cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1R), with CB1R desensitization occurring via phosphorylation of CB1Rs by a G protein-coupled receptor kinase and subsequent association with an arrestin protein. Previous studies have shown that (1) desensitization-resistant S426A/S430A mice exhibit a modest delay in tolerance for Δ9-THC and (-)-CP55,940 but a more pronounced disruption in tolerance for WIN 55,212-2 and (2) that c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling may selectively mediate antinociceptive tolerance to morphine compared to other opioid analgesics. In the current study, we found that pretreatment with the JNK inhibitor SP600125 (3 mg/kg) attenuates tolerance to the antinociceptive in the formalin test and to the anti-allodynic effects of Δ9-THC (6 mg/kg) in cisplatin-evoked neuropathic pain using wild-type mice. We also find that SP600125 causes an especially robust reduction in tolerance to the antinociceptive effects of Δ9-THC (30 mg/kg), but not WIN 55,212-2 (10 mg/kg) in the tail-flick assay using S426A/S430A mice. Interestingly, SP600125 pretreatment accelerated tolerance to the antinociceptive and anti-allodynic effects of (-)-CP55,940 (0.3 mg/kg) in mice with acute and neuropathic pain. These results demonstrate that inhibition of JNK signaling pathways delay tolerance to Δ9-THC, but not to CP55,940 or WIN55,212-2, demonstrating that the mechanisms of cannabinoid tolerance are agonist-specific.
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10
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Abstract
Drug addiction is a worldwide societal problem and public health burden, and results from recreational drug use that develops into a complex brain disorder. The opioid system, one of the first discovered neuropeptide systems in the history of neuroscience, is central to addiction. Recently, opioid receptors have been propelled back on stage by the rising opioid epidemics, revolutions in G protein-coupled receptor research and fascinating developments in basic neuroscience. This Review discusses rapidly advancing research into the role of opioid receptors in addiction, and addresses the key questions of whether we can kill pain without addiction using mu-opioid-receptor-targeting opiates, how mu- and kappa-opioid receptors operate within the neurocircuitry of addiction and whether we can bridge human and animal opioid research in the field of drug abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Darcq
- Douglas Mental Health Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Brigitte Lina Kieffer
- Douglas Mental Health Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. .,Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, INSERM, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
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Yuill MB, Hale DE, Guindon J, Morgan DJ. Anti-nociceptive interactions between opioids and a cannabinoid receptor 2 agonist in inflammatory pain. Mol Pain 2018; 13:1744806917728227. [PMID: 28879802 PMCID: PMC5593227 DOI: 10.1177/1744806917728227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The cannabinoid 1 receptor and cannabinoid 2 receptor can both be targeted in the treatment of pain; yet, they have some important differences. Cannabinoid 1 receptor is expressed at high levels in the central nervous system, whereas cannabinoid 2 receptor is found predominantly, although not exclusively, outside the central nervous system. The objective of this study was to investigate potential interactions between cannabinoid 2 receptor and the mu-opioid receptor in pathological pain. The low level of adverse side effects and lack of tolerance for cannabinoid 2 receptor agonists are attractive pharmacotherapeutic traits. This study assessed the anti-nociceptive effects of a selective cannabinoid 2 receptor agonist (JWH-133) in pathological pain using mice subjected to inflammatory pain using the formalin test. Furthermore, we examined several ways in which JWH-133 may interact with morphine. JWH-133 produces dose-dependent anti-nociception during both the acute and inflammatory phases of the formalin test. This was observed in both male and female mice. However, a maximally efficacious dose of JWH-133 (1 mg/kg) was not associated with somatic withdrawal symptoms, motor impairment, or hypothermia. After eleven once-daily injections of 1 mg/JWH-133, no tolerance was observed in the formalin test. Cross-tolerance for the anti-nociceptive effects of JWH-133 and morphine were assessed to gain insight into physiologically relevant cannabinoid 2 receptor and mu-opioid receptor interaction. Mice made tolerant to the effects of morphine exhibited a lower JWH-133 response in both phases of the formalin test compared to vehicle-treated morphine-naïve animals. However, repeated daily JWH-133 administration did not cause cross-tolerance for morphine, suggesting opioid and cannabinoid 2 receptor cross-tolerance is unidirectional. However, preliminary data suggest co-administration of JWH-133 with morphine modestly attenuates morphine tolerance. Isobolographic analysis revealed that co-administration of JWH-133 and morphine has an additive effect on anti-nociception in the formalin test. Overall these findings show that cannabinoid 2 receptor may functionally interact with mu-opioid receptor to modulate anti-nociception in the formalin test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew B Yuill
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,2 Department of Pharmacology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,3 Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - David E Hale
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Josée Guindon
- 4 Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Daniel J Morgan
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,2 Department of Pharmacology, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA.,3 Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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12
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Alterations in nociception and morphine antinociception in mice fed a high-fat diet. Brain Res Bull 2018; 138:64-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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13
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Belzeaux R, Lalanne L, Kieffer BL, Lutz PE. Focusing on the Opioid System for Addiction Biomarker Discovery. Trends Mol Med 2018; 24:206-220. [PMID: 29396147 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Substance use disorders (SUD) and behavioral addictions are devastating conditions that impose a severe burden on all societies, and represent difficult challenges for clinicians. Therefore, biomarkers are urgently needed to help predict vulnerability, clinical course, and response to treatment. Here, we elaborate on the potential for addiction biomarker discovery of the opioid system, particularly within the emerging framework aiming to probe opioid function in peripheral tissues. Mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors all critically regulate neurobiological and behavioral processes that define addiction, and are also targeted by major pharmacotherapies used in the management of patients with SUD. We propose that opioid biomarkers may have the potential to improve and guide diagnosis and therapeutic decisions in the addiction field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raoul Belzeaux
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Hospital Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Pôle de Psychiatrie, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France; INT-UMR7289,CNRS Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France; These authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Laurence Lalanne
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University Hospital of Strasbourg and Medical School of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, University Hospital of Strasbourg and Medical School of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; INSERM 1114, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; These authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Brigitte L Kieffer
- Douglas Hospital Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre-Eric Lutz
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Hospital Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Current address: Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, CNRS UPR 3212, Strasbourg, France.
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Kong X, Deng H, Gong S, Alston T, Kong Y, Wang J. Lack of associations of the opioid receptor mu 1 (OPRM1) A118G polymorphism (rs1799971) with alcohol dependence: review and meta-analysis of retrospective controlled studies. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2017; 18:120. [PMID: 29070014 PMCID: PMC5657079 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-017-0478-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Studies have sought associations of the opioid receptor mu 1 (OPRM1) A118G polymorphism (rs1799971) with alcohol-dependence, but findings are inconsistent. We summarize the information as to associations of rs1799971 (A > G) and the alcohol-dependence. Methods Systematically, we reviewed related literatures using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. Embase, PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases were searched using select medical subject heading (MeSH) terms to identify all researches focusing on the present topic up to September 2016. Odds ratios (ORs) along with the 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were estimated in allele model, homozygote model, heterozygote model, dominant model and recessive model. Ethnicity-specific subgroup-analysis, sensitivity analysis, heterogeneity description, and publication-bias assessment were also analyzed. Results There were 17 studies, including 9613 patients in the present meta-analysis. The ORs in the 5 genetic-models were 1.037 (95% CI: 0.890, 1.210; p = 0.64), 1.074 (95% CI: 0.831, 1.387; p = 0.586), 1.155 (95% CI: 0.935, 1.427; p = 0.181), 1.261 (95% CI: 1.008, 1.578; p = 0.042), 0.968 (95% CI: 0.758, 1.236; p = 0.793), respectively. An association is significant in the dominant model, but there is no statistical significance upon ethnicity-specific subgroup analysis. Conclusion The rs1799971 (A > G) is not strongly associated with alcohol-dependence. However, there are study heterogeneities and limited sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyi Kong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan Hutong, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.,Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114-3117, USA.,Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, China National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chaoyangqu, Panjiayuan, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Deng
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114-3117, USA
| | - Shun Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Institute of Neurosurgery, PLA Institute of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China.,Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 1249 Boylston St, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Theodore Alston
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114-3117, USA
| | - Yanguo Kong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan Hutong, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingping Wang
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114-3117, USA.
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Freet CS, Alexander DN, Imperio CG, Ruiz-Velasco V, Grigson PS. Heroin-induced suppression of saccharin intake in OPRM1 A118G mice. Brain Res Bull 2017; 138:73-79. [PMID: 28939474 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The single nucleotide polymorphism of the μ-opioid receptor, OPRM1 A118G, has been associated with greater drug and alcohol use, increased sensitivity to pain, and reduced sensitivity to the antinociceptive effects of opiates. In the present studies, we employed a 'humanized' mouse model containing the wild-type (118AA) or variant (118GG) allele to examine behavior in a model of heroin-induced devaluation of an otherwise palatable saccharin cue when repeated saccharin-heroin pairings occurred every 24h (Experiment 1) or every 48h (Experiment 2). The results showed that, while both the 118AA and 118GG mice demonstrated robust avoidance of the heroin-paired saccharin cue following daily taste-drug pairings, only the 118AA mice suppressed intake of the heroin-paired saccharin cue when 48h elapsed between each taste-drug pairing. Humanized 118GG mice, then, defend their intake of the sweet cue despite saccharin-heroin pairings and this effect is illuminated by the use of spaced, rather than massed, trials. Given that this pattern of strain difference is not evident with saccharin-cocaine pairings (Freet et al., 2015), reduced avoidance of the heroin-paired saccharin cue by the 118GG mice may be due to an interaction between the opiate and the subjects' drive for the sweet or, alternatively, to differential downstream sensitivity to the aversive kappa mediated properties of the drug. These alternative hypotheses are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S Freet
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, United States.
| | - Danielle N Alexander
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
| | - Caesar G Imperio
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
| | - Victor Ruiz-Velasco
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
| | - Patricia S Grigson
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, United States
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Sweeney CG, Rando JM, Panas HN, Miller GM, Platt DM, Vallender EJ. Convergent Balancing Selection on the Mu-Opioid Receptor in Primates. Mol Biol Evol 2017; 34:1629-1643. [PMID: 28333316 PMCID: PMC6279279 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msx105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The mu opioid receptor is involved in many natural processes including stress response, pleasure, and pain. Mutations in the gene also have been associated with opiate and alcohol addictions as well as with responsivity to medication targeting these disorders. Two common and mutually exclusive polymorphisms have been identified in humans, A118G (N40D), found commonly in non-African populations, and C17T (V6A), found almost exclusively in African populations. Although A118G has been studied extensively for associations and in functional assays, C17T is much less well understood. In addition to a parallel polymorphism previously identified in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta), C77G (P26R), resequencing in additional non-human primate species identifies further common variation: C140T (P47L) in cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis), G55C (D19H) in vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops sabeus), A111T (L37F) in marmosets (Callithrix jacchus), and C55T (P19S) in squirrel monkeys (Saimiri boliviensis peruviensis). Functional effects on downstream signaling are observed for each of these variants following treatment with the endogenous agonist β-endorphin and the exogenous agonists morphine, DAMGO ([d-Ala2, N-Me-Phe4, Gly5-ol]-enkephalin), and fentanyl. In addition to demonstrating the importance of functional equivalency in reference to population variation for minority health, this also shows how common evolutionary pressures have produced similar phenotypes across species, suggesting a shared response to environmental needs and perhaps elucidating the mechanism by which these organism-environment interactions are mediated physiologically and molecularly. These studies set the stage for future investigations of shared functional polymorphisms across species as a new genetic tool for translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn G. Sweeney
- Division of Neuroscience, New England Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Southborough, MA
| | - Juliette M. Rando
- Division of Neuroscience, New England Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Southborough, MA
| | - Helen N. Panas
- Division of Neuroscience, New England Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Southborough, MA
| | - Gregory M. Miller
- Division of Neuroscience, New England Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Southborough, MA
| | - Donna M. Platt
- Division of Neuroscience, New England Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Southborough, MA
| | - Eric J. Vallender
- Division of Neuroscience, New England Primate Research Center, Harvard Medical School, Southborough, MA
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Reed B, Butelman ER, Kreek MJ. Endogenous opioid system in addiction and addiction-related behaviors. Curr Opin Behav Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Emam AH, Hajesfandiari N, Shahidi S, Komaki A, Ganji M, Sarihi A. Modulation of nociception by medial pre-optic area orexin a receptors and its relation with morphine in male rats. Brain Res Bull 2016; 127:141-147. [PMID: 27641968 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent studies have shown that medial pre-optic area (MPOA) of hypothalamus are involved in nociception. Orexin A (hypocretin 1) has been found to have numerous applications including pain modulation. However, the role of orexin A receptors in the MPOA on the nociception has not been yet studied. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of orexin A microinjection on MPOA on the nociception transmission and morphine induced analgesia in adult male rats. METHODS Using stereotaxic surgery, a cannula was implanted at a site 1mm above the MPOA in the anesthetized rats. After the recovery period, tail-flick (TF) latency was measured as 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60min following the onset of two experimental protocols. Two experiments were carried out. Experiment 1: The male rats received intra-MPOA of 25, 100, 1000, 10000pmol/0.5μl orexin A or 0.5μl of aCSF (control, just 5min before the TF assay. Experiment 2: The aim of this experiment was to examine the effect of orexin microinjection into MPOA on morphine analgesia (3mg/kg,s.c). Morphine was administered 30min before orexin A intra-MPOA microinjection (four doses similar to experiment 1) or aCSF, then TF latency was measured. RESULTS The results indicated that microinjection of orexin A into the MPOA showed anti-nociceptive effect in a time-dependent manner. Dose response curve results also revealed that the maximum effective dose of orexin A injection into MPOA for pain inhibition is 1000pmol/0.5μl. Co-administration of systemic morphine and orexin into the MPOA has additive analgesia with different time course compared morphine or orexin alone. CONCLUSION It can be concluded that MPOA OrexinA receptors play an important role in the modulation of pain in normal and morphine treated male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Emam
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Naeimeh Hajesfandiari
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Siamak Shahidi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alireza Komaki
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Maziar Ganji
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Abdolrahman Sarihi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Grigson PS. Addiction: A preclinical and clinical analysis. Brain Res Bull 2016; 123:1-4. [PMID: 27005437 PMCID: PMC5676458 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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