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Zhong M, Fan G, An Z, Chen C, Dong L. Research progress on long non-coding RNAs for spinal cord injury. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:520. [PMID: 37480035 PMCID: PMC10362720 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03989-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury is a complex central nervous system disease with an unsatisfactory prognosis, often accompanied by multiple pathological processes. However, the underlying mechanisms of action of this disease are unclear, and there are no suitable targeted therapeutic options. Long non-coding RNA mediates a variety of neurological diseases and regulates various biological processes, including apoptosis and autophagy, inflammatory response, microenvironment, and oxidative stress. It is known that long non-coding RNAs have significant differences in gene expression in spinal cord injury. To further understand the mechanism of long non-coding RNA action in spinal cord injury and develop preventive and therapeutic strategies regarding spinal cord injury, this review outlines the current status of research between long non-coding RNAs and spinal cord injury and potential long non-coding RNAs targeting spinal cord injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musen Zhong
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guangya Fan
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhongcheng An
- Orthopedic Traumatology II, The Sceond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Orthopedic Traumatology II, The Sceond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liqiang Dong
- Orthopedic Traumatology II, The Sceond Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
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Wang S, He X, Bao N, Chen M, Ding X, Zhang M, Zhao L, Wang S, Jiang G. Potentials of miR-9-5p in promoting epileptic seizure and improving survival of glioma patients. ACTA EPILEPTOLOGICA 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s42494-022-00097-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Epilepsy affects over 70 million people worldwide; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have essential functions in epilepsy. miRNA-9, a brain-specific/enriched miRNA, plays a role in various nervous system diseases and tumors, but whether miRNA-9 is involved in epilepsy and glioma-associated epilepsy remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to explore the potential role of miR-9-5p in seizures and its effect on the survival of glioma patients, in order to provide new targets for the treatment of epilepsy and glioma.
Methods
The YM500v2 database was used to validate the expression of hsa-miR-9-5p in tissues. Moreover, qRT-PCR was performed to investigate the expression of miR-9-5p in temporal lobe epilepsy patients and rats with lithium-pilocarpine-induced seizures. Recombinant adeno-associated virus containing miR-9-5p was constructed to overexpress miR-9-5p in vivo. The effects of miR-9-5p on the behavior and electroencephalographic activities of the lithium-pilocarpine rat model of epilepsy were tested. Bioinformatics analysis was used to predict the targets of miR-9-5p and explore its potential role in epilepsy and glioma-associated epilepsy.
Results
The expression of miR-9-5p increased at 6 h and 7 days after lithium-pilocarpine-induced seizures in rats. Overexpression of miR-9-5p significantly shortened the latency of seizures and increased seizure intensity at 10 min and 20 min after administration of pilocarpine (P < 0.05). Predicted targets of miR-9-5p were abundant and enriched in the brain, and affected various pathways related to epilepsy and tumor. Survival analysis revealed that overexpression of miR-9-5p significantly improved the survival of patients from with low-grade gliomas and glioblastomas. The involvement of miR-9-5p in the glioma-associated epileptic seizures and the improvement of glioma survival may be related to multiple pathways, including the Rho GTPases and hub genes included SH3PXD2B, ARF6, and ANK2.
Conclusions
miR-9-5p may play a key role in promoting epileptic seizures and improving glioma survival, probably through multiple pathways, including GTPases of the Rho family and hub genes including SH3PXD2B, ARF6 and ANK2. Understanding the roles of miR-9-5p in epilepsy and glioma and the underlying mechanisms may provide a theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with epilepsy and glioma.
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Ferreira NDR, Sanz CK, Raybolt A, Pereira CM, DosSantos MF. Action of Hyaluronic Acid as a Damage-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecule and Its Function on the Treatment of Temporomandibular Disorders. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2022; 3:852249. [PMID: 35369538 PMCID: PMC8971669 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2022.852249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The temporomandibular joint is responsible for fundamental functions. However, mechanical overload or microtraumas can cause temporomandibular disorders (TMD). In addition to external factors, it is known that these conditions are involved in complex biological mechanisms, such as activation of the immune system, activation of the inflammatory process, and degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components. The ECM is a non-cellular three-dimensional macromolecular network; its most studied components is hyaluronic acid (HA). HA is naturally found in many tissues, and most of it has a high molecular weight. HA has attributed an essential role in the viscoelastic properties of the synovial fluid and other tissues. Additionally, it has been shown that HA molecules can contribute to other mechanisms in the processes of injury and healing. It has been speculated that the degradation product of high molecular weight HA in healthy tissues during injury, a low molecular weight HA, may act as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). DAMPs are multifunctional and structurally diverse molecules that play critical intracellular roles in the absence of injury or infection. However, after cellular damage or stress, these molecules promote the activation of the immune response. Fragments from the degradation of HA can also act as immune response activators. Low molecular weight HA would have the ability to act as a pro-inflammatory marker, promoting the activation and maturation of dendritic cells, the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). It also increases the expression of chemokines and cell proliferation. Many of the pro-inflammatory effects of low molecular weight HA are attributed to its interactions with the activation of toll-like receptors (TLRs 2 and 4). In contrast, the high molecular weight HA found in healthy tissues would act as an anti-inflammatory, inhibiting cell growth and differentiation, decreasing the production of inflammatory cytokines, and reducing phagocytosis by macrophages. These anti-inflammatory effects are mainly attributed to the interaction of high-weight HA with the CD44 receptor. In this study, we review the action of the HA as a DAMP and its functions on pain control, more specifically in orofacial origin (e.g., TMD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália dos Reis Ferreira
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Occlusion and Orofacial Pain, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carolina Kaminski Sanz
- Laboratório de Propriedades Mecânicas e Biologia Celular (PropBio), Departamento de Prótese e Materiais Dentários, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Programa de Engenharia Metalúrgica e de Materiais, COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Aline Raybolt
- Laboratório de Propriedades Mecânicas e Biologia Celular (PropBio), Departamento de Prótese e Materiais Dentários, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Maria Pereira
- Laboratório de Propriedades Mecânicas e Biologia Celular (PropBio), Departamento de Prótese e Materiais Dentários, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcos Fabio DosSantos
- Laboratório de Propriedades Mecânicas e Biologia Celular (PropBio), Departamento de Prótese e Materiais Dentários, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociência Translacional, Instituto Nacional de Neurociência Translacional (INNT-UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia (PPGO), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Marcos Fabio DosSantos ;
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Qiu Y, Zhao Z, Chen Q, Zhang B, Yang C. MiR-495 regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis in H 2O 2 stimulated rat spinal cord neurons through targeting signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:461. [PMID: 33850858 PMCID: PMC8039649 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background MicroRNA-495 (miR-495) is a post-translational modulator that performs several functions, and it is involved in several disease states. On the other hand, the physiological functions of miR-495 in H2O2 stimulated mouse spinal cord neuronal dysfunction have not yet been fully understood. Methods In this study, we speculated that miR-495 may regulate the expression of STAT3 in the processes of neuronal proliferation and apoptosis following spinal cord injury (SCI). Cell viability was assessed with methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Caspase-3 activity was assayed with ELISA. Cellular apoptotic changes were measured with TUNEL assay. Intracellular ROS production was determined by measuring uptake of dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA; PCR was used to assay the mRNA expression of STAT3 gene bearing predicted targeting positions for miR-495, while qRT-PCR was used to measure miR-495 mRNA. Results The results demonstrated that treatment of SCNs with H2O2 led to a significant decrease in cell survival, while it enhanced apoptosis. The H2O2 treatment induced cell membrane dysfunction, and increased ROS levels and DNA damage. Interestingly, the expression of miR-495 was markedly suppressed when SCNs were exposed to H2O2. However, miR-495 overexpression reversed H2O2-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in SCNs. Moreover, H2O2 exposure elevated protein and mRNA concentrations of STAT3 in SCNs. Bioinformatics analysis showed likely binding domains of miR-495 in the 3'-untranslated regions of STAT3 in SCNs. MiR-495 loss-of-function and gain-of-function significantly up-regulated and down-regulated both STAT3 mRNA and protein expressions, respectively, in SCNs. Conclusions miR-495 overexpression inhibited H2O2-induced SCN dysfunction. This mechanism was mediated through the down-regulation of STAT3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Qiu
- Department of Orthopedic, Luhe Hospital Affiliated of Yangzhou University Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Ziru Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuanjun Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Anting Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Zhang Y, Wang S, Li H, Xu X. miR-495 reduces neuronal cell apoptosis and relieves acute spinal cord injury through inhibiting PRDM5. J Mol Histol 2021; 52:385-396. [PMID: 33630203 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-021-09959-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the role of miR-495 in neuronal cell apoptosis after acute spinal cord injury (ASCI). The ASCI rat model was established and the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) score was assessed. miR-495, PR domain containing 5 (PRDM5), and Bcl-2 expressions were measured by qRT-PCR or western blotting. Neuronal cell line PC-12 was subjected to hypoxia condition to simulate the in vitro ASCI model. PC-12 cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry, and the interaction between miR-495 and PRDM5 was confirmed by dual luciferase reporter assay. Results showed that BBB score was significantly decreased in ASCI rats compared with sham rats. miR-495 expression was down-regulated in spinal cord tissue of ASCI rats and hypoxia-induced PC-12 cells, and PRDM5 protein level was up-regulated in spinal cord tissue of ASCI rats and hypoxia-induced PC-12 cells. miR-495 overexpression could reduce apoptosis of PC-12 cells, and up-regulated anti-apoptosis protein Bcl-2 protein level. Moreover, PRDM5 was a target of miR-495, and mRNA and protein levels of PRDM5 were negatively regulated by miR-495. miR-495 overexpression could reduce the hypoxia-induced PC-12 cell apoptosis, while PRDM5 overexpression abolished this inhibiting effect. The agomir-495 was injected into ASCI rats, and Bcl-2 protein level and BBB score were increased, but the PRDM5 overexpression reversed these results. Overall, we concluded that miR-495 could inhibit neuronal cell apoptosis and relieve acute spinal cord injury through inhibiting PRDM5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, 115 Ximen Street, Kaifeng, 475000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshan Wang
- Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, 115 Ximen Street, Kaifeng, 475000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongli Li
- Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, 115 Ximen Street, Kaifeng, 475000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Xu
- Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, 115 Ximen Street, Kaifeng, 475000, People's Republic of China.
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Lithium alleviated spinal cord injury (SCI)-induced apoptosis and inflammation in rats via BDNF-AS/miR-9-5p axis. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 384:301-312. [PMID: 33464390 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03298-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a major cause of paralysis, disability and even death in severe cases. Lithium has neuroprotective effects on SCI, while the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. In the present study, we established a SCI rat model, which subsequently received lithium treatment. Results displayed that lithium treatment improved the locomotor function recovery and reduced apoptosis by increasing anti-apoptotic molecule expression and decreasing pro-apoptotic factor expression in SCI rats. Furthermore, lithium treatment alleviated the inflammatory response by inactivating the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway and inhibited the expression of lncRNA brain-derived neurotrophic factor antisense (BDNF-AS) in SCI rats. Subsequent researches indicated that miR-9-5p was targeted and regulated by BDNF-AS. Lithium treatment rescued the upregulation of BDNF-AS expression and downregulation of miR-9-5p expression induced by H2O2 in SH-SY5Y cells. BDNF-AS overexpression or miR-9-5p interference attenuated the anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects of lithium chloride in SH-SY5Y cells that was damaged by H2O2 induction, revealing that lithium might act through the BDNF-AS/miR-9-5p axis. In vivo studies showed that the injection of BDNF-AS adenovirus vector or miR-9-5p inhibitor reversed the effects of lithium on the histologic morphology of spinal cord, motor function, inflammatory reaction and apoptosis in SCI rats, which was consistent with the results of in vitro studies. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that lithium reduced SCI-induced apoptosis and inflammation in rats via the BDNF-AS/miR-9-5p axis.
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Jiang J, Wang G. Matrine protects PC12 cells from lipopolysaccharide-evoked inflammatory injury via upregulation of miR-9. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:314-320. [PMID: 32297823 PMCID: PMC7178860 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1719165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Context: Matrine is a well-known anti-inflammatory quinolizidine alkaloid derived from leguminous plant Sophora flavescens Ait. (Leguminosae).Objective: This study was designed to uncover the potential application of matrine in treating spinal cord injury (SCI).Materials and methods: Neuron-like PC12 cells in experimental groups were pre-treated with/without matrine (200 μM) for 24 h and then stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 5 μg/mL) for 12 h. PC12 cells in control group were cultured in complete medium. CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, western blot and ELISA were performed to evaluate cell damage. Moreover, after cells were transfected with miR-9 inhibitor for 48 h, above indicators were tested again. qRT-PCR and western blot were also conducted to uncover the downstream effectors and signalling pathways for matrine.Results: LPS (5 μg/mL) decreased cell viability about 50%. Matrine (200 μM) decreased cell viability about 0%, 13.8% and 30% at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, respectively. The loss of viability, stimulation of apoptosis, and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) evoked by LPS were attenuated by the pre-treatment of matrine partly. Meanwhile, LPS reduced miR-9 expression about 60%, but matrine completely reversed LPS-decreased miR-9 level. By silencing miR-9 expression, the protective properties of matrine towards PC12 cells were impeded. Besides, matrine inhibited the activation of JNK and NF-κB pathways even under the condition of LPS. And the impact of matrine on the signalling were attenuated by miR-9 silencing.Discussion and Conclusion: This paper provided in vitro evidence that matrine was able to protect PC12 cells against LPS-evoked damage. The neuroprotective properties of matrine may be due to its regulation of miR-9 expression as well as JNK and NF-κB pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Jiang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Yuncheng Central Hospital, Yuncheng, China
| | - Guangji Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
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Ding SQ, Chen YQ, Chen J, Wang SN, Duan FX, Shi YJ, Hu JG, Lü HZ. Serum exosomal microRNA transcriptome profiling in subacute spinal cord injured rats. Genomics 2020; 112:5086-5100. [PMID: 32919018 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in a series of pathology of spinal cord injury (SCI). Although, locally expressed miRNAs have advantages in studying the pathological mechanism, they cannot be used as biomarkers. The "free circulation" miRNAs can be used as biomarkers, but they have low concentration and poor stability in body fluids. Exosomal miRNAs in body fluids have many advantages comparing with free miRNAs. Therefore, we hypothesized that the specific miRNAs in the central nervous system might be transported to the peripheral circulation and concentrated in exosomes after injury. Using next-generation sequencing, miRNA profiles in serum exosomes of sham and subactue SCI rats were analyzed. The results showed that SCI can lead to changes of serum exosomal miRNAs. These changed miRNAs and their associated signaling pathways may explain the pathological mechanism of suacute SCI. More importantly, we found some valuable serum exosomal miRNAs for diagnosis and prognosis of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Qin Ding
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China
| | - Yu-Qing Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China
| | - Sai-Nan Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China
| | - Fei-Xiang Duan
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China
| | - Yu-Jiao Shi
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China
| | - Jian-Guo Hu
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China.
| | - He-Zuo Lü
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China.
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Bache S, Rasmussen R, Wolcott Z, Rossing M, Møgelvang R, Tolnai D, Hassager C, Forman JL, Køber L, Nielsen FC, Kimberly WT, Møller K. Elevated miR-9 in Cerebrospinal Fluid Is Associated with Poor Functional Outcome After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Transl Stroke Res 2020; 11:1243-1252. [PMID: 32248435 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-020-00793-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated microRNA (miRNA) changes in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and their association with the occurrence of delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) and poor functional outcome after SAH. Forty-three selected miRNAs were measured in daily CSF samples from a discovery cohort of SAH patients admitted to Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark, and compared with neurologically healthy patients. Findings were validated in CSF from a replication cohort of SAH patients admitted to Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. The CSF levels of miRNA over time were compared with the occurrence of DCI, and functional outcome after 3 months. miRNAs were quantified in 427 CSF samples from 63 SAH patients in the discovery cohort, in 104 CSF samples from 63 SAH patients in the replication cohort, and in 11 CSF samples from 11 neurologically healthy patients. The miRNA profile changed remarkably immediately after SAH. Elevated miR-9-3p was associated with a poor functional outcome in the discovery cohort (p < 0.0001) after correction for multiple testing (q < 0.01) and in the replication cohort (p < 0.01). Furthermore, elevated miR-9-5p was associated with a poor functional outcome in the discovery cohort (p < 0.01) after correction for multiple testing (q < 0.05). No miRNA was associated with DCI in both cohorts. miR-9-3p and miR-9-5p are elevated in the CSF following SAH and this elevation is associated with a poor functional outcome. These elevations have potential roles in the progression of cerebral injury and could add to early prognostication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Søren Bache
- Department of Neuroanaesthesiology, The Neuroscience Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Centre for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Rune Rasmussen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Neuroscience Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zoe Wolcott
- Department of Neurology & Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria Rossing
- Centre for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Møgelvang
- Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Daniel Tolnai
- Department of Radiology, The Diagnostic Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Hassager
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Julie L Forman
- Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Køber
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Cardiology, The Heart Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Finn Cilius Nielsen
- Centre for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - William T Kimberly
- Department of Neurology & Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kirsten Møller
- Department of Neuroanaesthesiology, The Neuroscience Centre, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Ding SQ, Chen YQ, Chen J, Wang SN, Duan FX, Shi YJ, Hu JG, Lü HZ. Serum exosomal microRNA transcriptome profiling in subacute spinal cord injured rats. Genomics 2019; 112:2092-2105. [PMID: 31830526 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in a series of pathology of spinal cord injury (SCI). Although, locally expressed miRNAs have advantages in studying the pathological mechanism, they cannot be used as biomarkers. The "free circulation" miRNAs can be used as biomarkers, but they have low concentration and poor stability in body fluids. Exosomal miRNAs in body fluids have many advantages comparing with free miRNAs. Therefore, we hypothesized that the specific miRNAs in the central nervous system might be transported to the peripheral circulation and concentrated in exosomes after injury. Using next-generation sequencing, miRNA profiles in serum exosomes of sham and subactue SCI rats were analyzed. The results showed that SCI can lead to changes of serum exosomal miRNAs. These changed miRNAs and their associated signaling pathways may explain the pathological mechanism of suacute SCI. More importantly, we found some valuable serum exosomal miRNAs for diagnosis and prognosis of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Qin Ding
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China
| | - Yu-Qing Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China
| | - Sai-Nan Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China
| | - Fei-Xiang Duan
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China
| | - Yu-Jiao Shi
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China
| | - Jian-Guo Hu
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China.
| | - He-Zuo Lü
- Clinical Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233004, PR China; Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui 233030, PR China.
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Zhou ZB, Du D, Chen KZ, Deng LF, Niu YL, Zhu L. Differential Expression Profiles and Functional Predication of Circular Ribonucleic Acid in Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury of Rats. J Neurotrauma 2019; 36:2287-2297. [PMID: 30681027 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2018.6366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Bin Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Du
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai-Zhe Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lian-Fu Deng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Long Niu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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12
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Zhang Y, Huang T, Jiang L, Gao J, Yu D, Ge Y, Lin S. MCP-induced protein 1 attenuates sepsis-induced acute lung injury by modulating macrophage polarization via the JNK/c-Myc pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 75:105741. [PMID: 31323531 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a potentially fatal systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by infection. In this study, we evaluated the effects of MCP-induced protein 1 (MCPIP1), a recently discovered inflammation-related ribonuclease, on sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) and investigated the underlying mechanisms. Cecal ligation puncture and lipopolysaccharide induction were performed on Sprague-Dawley rats and RAW264.7 cells, respectively, to establish sepsis-induced ALI models. The proteasome inhibitor MG132 used as an activator of MCPIP1 overexpression, and we showed that MG132 can indeed increase the expression of MCPIP1. MCPIP1 overexpression induced by MG132 alleviated sepsis-induced pathologic changes, water content and protein leakage in the lungs, and induction of systemic inflammatory mediators, and improved the 7-day mortality rate in the model rats. We also showed that MCPIP1 p showed romoted macrophage polarization from the M1 to the M2 type in sepsis-induced ALI. Furthermore, MCPIP1-enhanced M2 polarization was inhibited by an MCPIP1-targeting small interfering RNA (siMCPIP1) in RAW264.7 cells. Further mechanistic studies showed that the promotive effect of MCPIP1 on M2 polarization was related to the inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and its downstream transcription factor c-Myc in the in vitro model. Conversely, siMCPIP1 transfection resulted in the recovery of JNK and c-Myc expression in LPS-treated cells. Taken together, these findings indicate that MCPIP1 plays a protective role in sepsis-induced ALI by modulating macrophage polarization through inhibition of the JNK/c-Myc signaling pathway. Our study presents a potentially novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of lung injury involving the inflammatory cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesia, Emergency and Critical Care, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University,China
| | - Tianfeng Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesia, Emergency and Critical Care, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lulu Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesia, Emergency and Critical Care, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University,China
| | - Ju Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesia, Emergency and Critical Care, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Dapeng Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesia, Emergency and Critical Care, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University,China
| | - Yali Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesia, Emergency and Critical Care, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University,China
| | - Shunyan Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Institute of Anesthesia, Emergency and Critical Care, Subei People's Hospital of Jiangsu Province, China
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13
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Extracellular RNAs as Biomarkers of Sporadic Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Other Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133148. [PMID: 31252669 PMCID: PMC6651127 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent progress in the research for underlying mechanisms in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer disease (AD), Parkinson disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has led to the development of potentially effective treatment, and hence increased the need for useful biomarkers that may enable early diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring. The deposition of abnormal proteins is a pathological hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases, including β-amyloid in AD, α-synuclein in PD, and the transactive response DNA/RNA binding protein of 43kDa (TDP-43) in ALS. Furthermore, progression of the disease process accompanies the spreading of abnormal proteins. Extracellular proteins and RNAs, including mRNA, micro RNA, and circular RNA, which are present as a composite of exosomes or other forms, play a role in cell–cell communication, and the role of extracellular molecules in the cell-to-cell spreading of pathological processes in neurodegenerative diseases is now in the spotlight. Therefore, extracellular proteins and RNAs are considered potential biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases, in particular ALS, in which RNA dysregulation has been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis. Here, we review extracellular proteins and RNAs that have been scrutinized as potential biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases, and discuss the possibility of extracellular RNAs as diagnostic and therapeutic monitoring biomarkers of sporadic ALS.
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14
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Han S, Li Z, Ji P, Jia Y, Bai X, Cai W, Li X, Yang C, Yang Y, Yang K, Wu G, Zhang W, Hu D. MCPIP1 alleviated lipopolysaccharide‐induced liver injury by regulating SIRT1 via modulation of microRNA‐9. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:22450-22462. [PMID: 31099043 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shichao Han
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Peng Ji
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Yanhui Jia
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Xiaozhi Bai
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Weixia Cai
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Xiaoqiang Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Yunshu Yang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Kuan Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Gaofeng Wu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Wanfu Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi China
| | - Dahai Hu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical University Xi'an Shaanxi China
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15
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Li F, Zhou MW. MicroRNAs in contusion spinal cord injury: pathophysiology and clinical utility. Acta Neurol Belg 2019; 119:21-27. [PMID: 30790223 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-019-01076-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) in humans is a common central nervous system trauma. Pathophysiologically, SCI involves both primary and secondary damages. Therapeutically, targeting secondary damage including inflammation, neuropathic pain, apoptosis, demyelination, and glial reaction to promote functional benefits for SCI patients has long been considered a potential treatment strategy by neuroscientists and clinicians. As a type of small non-coding RNA, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to play essential roles in the regulation of pathophysiologic processes of SCI and are considered to be an effective treatment method for SCI. Dysregulated expression of miRNAs is observed in SCI patients and animal models of SCI. Furthermore, miRNAs might also be used as biomarkers for diagnostic and prognostic purposes in SCI. Given contusion injury is the most clinically relevant type of SCI, this review mainly focuses on the role of miRNAs in the pathophysiology of contusion SCI and the putative utilization of miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for contusion SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Mou-Wang Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Li R, Bao L, Hu W, Liang H, Dang X. Expression of miR-210 mediated by adeno-associated virus performed neuroprotective effects on a rat model of acute spinal cord injury. Tissue Cell 2019; 57:22-33. [PMID: 30947960 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Acute spinal cord injuries (ASCI) are common neural disorders in traumatology medicine. MicroRNA-210 (miR-210) plays a crucial role in cell survival, endothelial cell migration and cell regeneration. This paper is aim to validate the pathophysiological function of miR-210 on ASCI. We built a rat model of ASCI and utilized an adeno-associated virus (rAAV)-expressing miR-210 for stable over-expression of miR-210. We tested in vivo miR-210 gain of function on ASCI by microinjected rAAV-miR-210 into the rat spinal cord. We further screened the targeting genes of miR-210 by PCR array and detected related signal proteins by Western Blot and qPCR. Over-expression of miR-210 protected neurons while neurologic function scores were improved. We further identified less TUNEL-positive cells, few features of apoptosis under electron microscopy, decreased activities of caspase-3 and 8 and increased vessel count in the spinal cord from rAAV-miR-210 group. We also found rAAV-miR-210 promoted expression of angiogenesis and metastasis-related protein (VEGF and Glut1) and regulated serum levels of inflammation-related cytokines. PCR screen array showed PTP1B, target of miR-210, was significantly down-regulated and Akt phosphorylation was significantly increased in rAAV-miR-210 group. The current data suggest that over-expression of miR-210 may target PTP1B and plays a neuroprotective role on rats after ASCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruofei Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, China; Department of Orthopaedics, The Central Hospital of Xianyang, No. 78, Renming East Road, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712000, China.
| | - Lizhong Bao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Central Hospital of Xianyang, No. 78, Renming East Road, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712000, China.
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Central Hospital of Xianyang, No. 78, Renming East Road, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712000, China.
| | - Huiping Liang
- Department of Dermatology, The Central Hospital of Xianyang, No. 78, Renming East Road, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712000, China.
| | - Xiaoqian Dang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 157, Xiwu Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710004, China.
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17
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Zhang J, Liu Y, Lu L. Emerging role of MicroRNAs in peripheral nerve system. Life Sci 2018; 207:227-233. [PMID: 29894714 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury is one of the most common clinical diseases. Although the regeneration of the peripheral nerve is better than that of the nerves of the central nervous system, because of its growth rate restrictions after damage. Hence, the outcome of repair after injury is not favorable. Small RNA, a type of non-coding RNA, has recently been gaining attention in neural injury. It is widely distributed in the nervous system in vivo and a significant change in the expression of small RNAs has been observed in a neural injury model. This suggests that MicroRNAs (miRNAs) may serve as a potential target for resolving the challenges of peripheral nerve repair. This review summarizes the current challenges in peripheral nerve injury repair, systematically expounds the mechanism of miRNAs in the process of nerve injury and repair and attempts to determine the possible treatment of peripheral nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Zhang
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Laijin Lu
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
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18
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miR-411 suppresses acute spinal cord injury via downregulation of Fas ligand in rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 501:501-506. [PMID: 29738767 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the role of miR-411/FasL in acute spinal cord injury (ASCI). METHODS The ASCI rat model was established, and expression of miR-411 and Fas ligand (FasL) was examined. Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan (BBB) score was used to evaluate the rats' neurological function. PC12 oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) model was also established. Gene manipulation (including miR-411 mimic or inhibitor) was used to modulate gene expression. Luciferase reporter assay was conducted to confirm the targeting relationship between miR-411 and FasL. Flow cytometry was applied in the measurement of PC12 cell apoptosis. Finally, the miR-411 mimic was injected into the vertebral canal of ASCI rats to determine the effects of miR-411 in vivo. RESULTS Compared with sham group, the expression of miR-411 and FasL was significantly decreased and increased in ASCI group, respectively (P < 0.05). Similarly, the expression of miR-411 and FasL was significantly lower and higher in OGD group than that in control group, respectively (P < 0.05). miR-411 directly controlled the FasL expression. miR-411 mimic can dramatically reduce the increased percentage of apoptosis cells caused by OGD when comparing to mimic control, which was greatly reversed by the overexpression of FasL (P < 0.05). Further, the BBB score was significantly elevated in the miR-411 mimic group when comparing to mimic control group, with decreased FasL expression (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION miR-411 mimic suppressed PC12 cell apoptosis via FasL, and relieved ASCI in rats.
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19
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Suppression of miR-127 protects PC-12 cells from LPS-induced inflammatory injury by downregulation of PDCD4. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 96:1154-1162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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20
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Magri F, Vanoli F, Corti S. miRNA in spinal muscular atrophy pathogenesis and therapy. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 22:755-767. [PMID: 29160009 PMCID: PMC5783860 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease characterized by the selective death of lower motor neurons in the brain stem and spinal cord. SMA is caused by mutations in the survival motor neuron 1 gene (SMN1), leading to the reduced expression of the full-length SMN protein. microRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNAs that regulate post-transcriptional gene expression. Recent findings have suggested an important role for miRNAs in the pathogenesis of motor neuron diseases, including SMA. Motor neuron-specific miRNA dysregulation in SMA might be implicated in their selective vulnerability. In this study, we discuss recent findings regarding the consequences of SMN defects on miRNAs and their target mRNAs in motor neurons. Taken together, these data suggest that cell-specific changes in miRNAs are not only involved in the SMA motor neuron phenotype but can also be used as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Magri
- Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Fiammetta Vanoli
- Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Neurological Sciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Corti
- Dino Ferrari Center, Neuroscience Section, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), Neurology Unit, IRCCS Foundation Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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21
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Tian Y, He Y, Song W, Zhang E, Xia X. Neuroprotective effect of deferoxamine on N-methyl-d-aspartate-induced excitotoxicity in RGC-5 cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2017; 49:827-834. [PMID: 28910980 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmx082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Many N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists have been used to treat neurodegenerative diseases induced by glutamate excitotoxicity in clinics. However, the universality of the glutamic acid neurotransmitter system makes the glutamic acid receptor blockers inefficient and unsafe. Thus, regulating the downstream signaling pathway in the excitotoxicity of glutamic acid may be a more effective and safer way to antagonize the glutamic acid receptor. In this study, we investigated the effect of deferoxamine (DFO), an iron chelator, on the NMDA-induced excitotoxicity. RGC-5 cells were cultured and identified in vitro, and the NMDA-induced injury was assessed. Then the MTT assay was used to estimate the cell survival and JC-1 staining was performed to detect changes in mitochondrial membrane potential. Immunofluorescent staining and western blot analysis were used to analyze the expressions of respiratory chain proteins. It was found that DFO increased the survival rate of RGC-5 cells and that this effect was positively correlated with the concentration of DFO and the treatment time. The mitochondrial membrane potential and the expression levels of succinate dehydrogenase subunit A and cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV were also increased after DFO treatment, while NMDA reduced their expression levels. These data demonstrate that DFO has significant neuroprotective activity against NMDA-induced excitotoxicity in RGC-5 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Tian
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Ye He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Weitao Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Endong Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xiaobo Xia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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22
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A causal relationship between the neurotherapeutic effects of miR182/7a and decreased expression of PRDM5. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 490:1-7. [PMID: 28552531 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.05.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spinal cord injury (SCI) is terrible damage resulting in the deficiencies and necrosis of neurology and causes infinite inconvenience to sufferers. The therapy of SCI still meets a larger number of problems. Therefore, the underlying mechanism and novel therapy of acute SCI (ASCI) are urgent to explore. MATERIALS AND METHODS The SCI model was established in rats. The expression of miR-182/miR-7a and PRDM5 at mRNA level was detected by quantitative real-time PCR and the protein expression of PRDM5 and c-caspase 3 was assessed by western blotting assays. The apoptosis of spinal cord neurons (SCN) was assessed on flow cytometry. The transfection of cells was performed by Lipofectamine 2000 kit. The relationship between PRDM5 and miR-182/miR-7a was examined by Luciferase assay. RESULTS The expression of PRDM5 was up-regulated at either mRNA (2.212 folds) or protein level after SCI in rats, and knockdown of PRDM5 in SCN declined the c-caspase3 expression. In addition, the expression of miR-182 and miR-7a was decreased by 44.6% and 39.3% after SCI in rats. Moreover, the expression of miR-182 and miR-7a were negatively correlated with the level of PRDM5 expression, and the expression of PRDM5 was inhibited due to the increase of miR-182 and/or miR-7a expression. Moreover, both miR-182 and miR-7a could regulate PRDM5 to control SCN apoptosis. According to the BBB score increased 2 folds, the intrathecal injection of miR-182 and miR-7a improved the neurological function of rats. CONCLUSION Inhibition of PRDM5 which was apparently negative correlation with miR-182 and miR-7a could suppress the neurons apoptosis to attenuate acute spinal cord injury in rats.
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23
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Hawley ZCE, Campos-Melo D, Droppelmann CA, Strong MJ. MotomiRs: miRNAs in Motor Neuron Function and Disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:127. [PMID: 28522960 PMCID: PMC5415563 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MiRNAs are key regulators of the mammalian transcriptome that have been increasingly linked to degenerative diseases of the motor neurons. Although many of the miRNAs currently incriminated as participants in the pathogenesis of these diseases are also important to the normal development and function of motor neurons, at present there is no knowledge of the complete miRNA profile of motor neurons. In this review, we examine the current understanding with respect to miRNAs that are specifically required for motor neuron development, function and viability, and provide evidence that these should be considered as a functional network of miRNAs which we have collectively termed MotomiRs. We will also summarize those MotomiRs currently known to be associated with both amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), and discuss their potential use as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary C E Hawley
- Molecular Medicine Group, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western UniversityLondon, ON, Canada
| | - Danae Campos-Melo
- Molecular Medicine Group, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western UniversityLondon, ON, Canada
| | - Cristian A Droppelmann
- Molecular Medicine Group, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western UniversityLondon, ON, Canada
| | - Michael J Strong
- Molecular Medicine Group, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western UniversityLondon, ON, Canada.,Department of Pathology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western UniversityLondon, ON, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western UniversityLondon, ON, Canada
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24
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Mao R, Yang R, Chen X, Harhaj EW, Wang X, Fan Y. Regnase-1, a rapid response ribonuclease regulating inflammation and stress responses. Cell Mol Immunol 2017; 14:412-422. [PMID: 28194024 PMCID: PMC5423090 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2016.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are central players in post-transcriptional regulation and immune homeostasis. The ribonuclease and RBP Regnase-1 exerts critical roles in both immune cells and non-immune cells. Its expression is rapidly induced under diverse conditions including microbial infections, treatment with inflammatory cytokines and chemical or mechanical stimulation. Regnase-1 activation is transient and is subject to negative feedback mechanisms including proteasome-mediated degradation or mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue 1 (MALT1) mediated cleavage. The major function of Regnase-1 is promoting mRNA decay via its ribonuclease activity by specifically targeting a subset of genes in different cell types. In monocytes, Regnase-1 downregulates IL-6 and IL-12B mRNAs, thus mitigating inflammation, whereas in T cells, it restricts T-cell activation by targeting c-Rel, Ox40 and Il-2 transcripts. In cancer cells, Regnase-1 promotes apoptosis by inhibiting anti-apoptotic genes including Bcl2L1, Bcl2A1, RelB and Bcl3. Together with up-frameshift protein-1 (UPF1), Regnase-1 specifically cleaves mRNAs that are active during translation by recognizing a stem-loop (SL) structure within the 3'UTRs of these genes in endoplasmic reticulum-bound ribosomes. Through this mechanism, Regnase-1 rapidly shapes mRNA profiles and associated protein expression, restricts inflammation and maintains immune homeostasis. Dysregulation of Regnase-1 has been described in a multitude of pathological states including autoimmune diseases, cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Here, we provide a comprehensive update on the function, regulation and molecular mechanisms of Regnase-1, and we propose that Regnase-1 may function as a master rapid response gene for cellular adaption triggered by microenvironmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renfang Mao
- Basic Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Riyun Yang
- Basic Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Chen
- Basic Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Edward W Harhaj
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihui Fan
- Basic Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, People's Republic of China
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, People's Republic of China
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25
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Martirosyan NL, Carotenuto A, Patel AA, Kalani MYS, Yagmurlu K, Lemole GM, Preul MC, Theodore N. The Role of microRNA Markers in the Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outcome Prediction of Spinal Cord Injury. Front Surg 2016; 3:56. [PMID: 27878119 PMCID: PMC5099153 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2016.00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition that affects many people worldwide. Treatment focuses on controlling secondary injury cascade and improving regeneration. It has recently been suggested that both the secondary injury cascade and the regenerative process are heavily regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs). The measurement of specific biomarkers could improve our understanding of the disease processes, and thereby provide clinicians with the opportunity to guide treatment and predict clinical outcomes after SCI. A variety of miRNAs exhibit important roles in processes of inflammation, cell death, and regeneration. These miRNAs can be used as diagnostic tools for predicting outcome after SCI. In addition, miRNAs can be used in the treatment of SCI and its symptoms. Significant laboratory and clinical evidence exist to show that miRNAs could be used as robust diagnostic and therapeutic tools for the treatment of patients with SCI. Further clinical studies are warranted to clarify the importance of each subtype of miRNA in SCI management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay L Martirosyan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Division of Neurosurgery, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Arpan A Patel
- College of Medicine - Phoenix, University of Arizona , Phoenix, AZ , USA
| | - M Yashar S Kalani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center , Phoenix, AZ , USA
| | - Kaan Yagmurlu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center , Phoenix, AZ , USA
| | - G Michael Lemole
- Division of Neurosurgery, University of Arizona , Tucson, AZ , USA
| | - Mark C Preul
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center , Phoenix, AZ , USA
| | - Nicholas Theodore
- Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center , Phoenix, AZ , USA
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26
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Downregulation of miR-199b promotes the acute spinal cord injury through IKKβ-NF-κB signaling pathway activating microglial cells. Exp Cell Res 2016; 349:60-67. [PMID: 27693495 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory response played an important role in the progression of spinal cord injury (SCI). Several miRNAs were associated with the pathology of SCI. However, the molecular mechanism of miRNA involving in inflammatory response in acute SCI (ASCI) was poorly understood. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into 2 groups: control group (n=6) and acute SCI (ASCI) group (n=6). The expression of miR-199b and IκB kinase β-nuclear factor-kappa B (IKKβ-NF-κB) signaling pathway were evaluated by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) in rats with ASCI and in primary microglia activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We found that downregulation of miR-199b and activation of IKKβ/NF-κB were observed in rats after ASCI and in activated microglia. miR-199b negatively regulated IKKβ by targeting its 3'- untranslated regions (UTR) through using luciferase reporter assay. Overexpression of miR-199b reversed the up-regulation of IKKβ, p-p65, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in LPS-treated BV2 cells assessed by western blotting analysis. In addition, BMS-345541 reversed the up-regulation effects of miR-199b inhibitor on the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β. In the SCI rats, overexpression of miR-199b attenuated ASCI and decreased the expression of IKKβ-NF-κB signaling pathway and TNF-α and IL-1β. These results indicated that miR-199b attenuated ASCI at least partly through IKKβ-NF-κB signaling pathway and affecting the function of microglia. Our findings suggest that miR-199b may be employed as therapeutic for spinal cord injury.
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27
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Hao J, Chen X, Fu T, Liu J, Yu M, Han W, He S, Qian R, Zhang F. The Expression of VHL (Von Hippel-Lindau) After Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury and Its Role in Neuronal Apoptosis. Neurochem Res 2016; 41:2391-400. [PMID: 27324785 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-1952-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Revised: 05/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The VHL (Von Hippel-Lindau) gene is a tumor suppressor gene, which is best known as an E3 ubiquitin ligase that negatively regulates the hypoxia inducible factor. The inactivation of VHL gene could result in the abnormal synthesis of VHL protein, which is in contact with the development and occurrence of renal clear cell carcinoma. However, the expression and possible function of VHL in central nervous system (CNS) is still unclear. To examine the function of VHL in CNS injury and repair, we used an acute spinal cord injury (SCI) model in adult rats. Western blot analysis showed an important upregulation of VHL protein, reaching a peak at day 3 and then declined during the following days. Double immunofluorescence staining showed that VHL was co-expressed with neurons, but not with astrocytes and microglia. Moreover, we detected that active caspase-3 had co-localized with VHL in neurons after SCI. Additionally in vitro, VHL depletion, by short interfering RNA, significantly reduced neuronal apoptosis. In conclusion, these data suggested that the change of VHL protein expression was related to neuronal apoptosis after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Hao
- Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Fu
- School of Nursing, Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingchen Yu
- Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Han
- Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang He
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong Qian
- Medical College, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, People's Republic of China.,Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, 226001, People's Republic of China.
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