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Xu W, Cheng Y, An N, Jiang M. Elevated serum miR-142-5p correlates with ischemic lesions and both NSE and S100β in ischemic stroke patients. Open Med (Wars) 2024; 19:20241015. [PMID: 39669376 PMCID: PMC11635425 DOI: 10.1515/med-2024-1015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 12/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study aims to evaluate the correlation between miRNAs and known nerve injury markers neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100β in ischemic stroke (IS) patients, exploring its efficacy. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 86 IS patients and 32 healthy controls. Clinical and neurological examinations were performed in the admitted patients and the severity of neurological deficits was assessed by National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Plasma extraction and serum isolation were performed on all subjects before and 2 weeks after admission. miR-142-5p in serum, and NSE and S100β contents were measured by RT-qPCR and ELISA. Results Ischemic lesions were more severe in IS patients, and NSE and S100β were abnormally elevated. miR-142-5p in the serum of IS patients was 2.85 times higher. After 2 weeks of treatment, serum miR-142-5, NSE, and S100β decreased. Patients' serum levels of miR-142-5p were 57.5% lower. Serum miR-142-5, NSE, and S100β were lower in patients with disease improvement than in patients with poor recovery. Additionally, miR-142-5 was positively correlated with NSE (P < 0.0001) and S100β (P = 0.0147), and also with the NIHSS score (P = 0.0004). Conclusions miR-142-5p, NSE, and S100β in peripheral blood (PB) of IS patients are elevated, and miR-142-5p is positively correlated with NSE and S100β.
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Affiliation(s)
- WeiWei Xu
- Department of Neurology 3, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, 157011, China
| | - YongXia Cheng
- Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, 157011, China
| | - Ning An
- Department of Neurology 2, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, 157011, China
| | - MeiLing Jiang
- Department of Neurology 2, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical College, No. 5,
Tongxiang Road, Aimin District, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, 157011, China
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2
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Verma S, Sivanandam TM. Analysis of Differential microRNA Expression in the Hippocampus of Scopolamine-Induced Amnesic Mouse Model. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04573-y. [PMID: 39495226 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04573-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 10/21/2024] [Indexed: 11/05/2024]
Abstract
Amnesia is characterized by memory deficits linked to various neurodegenerative pathologies and can be induced by the administration of scopolamine, a cholinergic antagonist. Scopolamine-induced amnesia is a well-studied pharmacological animal model that simulates memory impairment caused by aging, brain illnesses, neuropathologies, and trauma. However, the molecular mechanism of amnesia, more importantly in terms of microRNA (miRNA) regulation, is not well understood. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze miRNA profiles in the hippocampus of both control mice and those treated with scopolamine (amnesic mice). Initially, a short cDNA library was prepared for each sample and then sequenced on the Illumina platform. Among the total differentially expressed miRNAs, 113 were significantly upregulated and 96 were downregulated in the scopolamine group in comparison to the control group. Ten upregulated and ten downregulated miRNAs were validated to confirm the reliability of the sequencing results using qRT-PCR (quantitative real-time PCR). Furthermore, we performed a target prediction analysis intersecting the results from TargetScan, miRDB (miRNA database), and Miranda to analyze the targets of the dysregulated miRNAs. We also conducted a pathway analysis to investigate the molecular, cellular, and biological functions of these targets. miRNA‒target interactions were found to play roles in various signaling pathways during amnesia. These results provide an initial insight for the contribution of miRNAs to scopolamine-induced amnesia, as well as their possible application as markers of disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samita Verma
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Thamil Mani Sivanandam
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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3
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Puranik N, Song M. Insights into the Role of microRNAs as Clinical Tools for Diagnosis, Prognosis, and as Therapeutic Targets in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9936. [PMID: 39337429 PMCID: PMC11431957 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25189936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are a diverse group of neurological disorders characterized by alterations in the structure and function of the central nervous system. Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by impaired memory and cognitive abilities, is the most prevalent type of senile dementia. Loss of synapses, intracellular aggregation of hyperphosphorylated tau protein, and extracellular amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) plaques are the hallmarks of AD. MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules that bind to the 3' and 5' untranslated regions of target genes to cause post-transcriptional gene silencing. The brain expresses over 70% of all experimentally detected miRNAs, and these miRNAs are crucial for synaptic function and particular signals during memory formation. Increasing evidence suggests that miRNAs play a role in AD pathogenesis and we provide an overview of the role of miRNAs in synapse formation, Aβ synthesis, tau protein accumulation, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor-associated AD pathogenesis. We further summarize and discuss the role of miRNAs as potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers for AD detection and differentiation between early- and late-stage AD, based on recent research. In conclusion, altered expression of miRNAs in the brain and peripheral circulation demonstrates their potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Puranik
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseok Song
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
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4
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Zhang H, Li Y, Liu Y. An updated review of the pharmacological effects and potential mechanisms of hederagenin and its derivatives. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1374264. [PMID: 38962311 PMCID: PMC11220241 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1374264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Hederagenin (HG) is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoid that can be isolated from various medicinal herbs. By modifying the structure of HG, multiple derivatives with superior biological activities and safety profiles have been designed and synthesized. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that HG and its derivatives display multiple pharmacological activities against cancers, inflammatory diseases, infectious diseases, metabolic diseases, fibrotic diseases, cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, and depression. Previous studies have confirmed that HG and its derivatives combat cancer by exerting cytotoxicity, inhibiting proliferation, inducing apoptosis, modulating autophagy, and reversing chemotherapy resistance in cancer cells, and the action targets involved mainly include STAT3, Aurora B, KIF7, PI3K/AKT, NF-κB, Nrf2/ARE, Drp1, and P-gp. In addition, HG and its derivatives antagonize inflammation through inhibiting the production and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory mediators by regulating inflammation-related pathways and targets, such as NF-κB, MAPK, JAK2/STAT3, Keap1-Nrf2/HO-1, and LncRNA A33/Axin2/β-catenin. Moreover, anti-pathogen, anti-metabolic disorder, anti-fibrosis, neuroprotection, and anti-depression mechanisms of HG and its derivatives have been partially elucidated. The diverse pharmacological properties of HG and its derivatives hold significant implications for future research and development of new drugs derived from HG, which can lead to improved effectiveness and safety profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huize Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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5
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Li L, Jin M, Tan J, Xiao B. NcRNAs: A synergistically antiapoptosis therapeutic tool in Alzheimer's disease. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14476. [PMID: 37735992 PMCID: PMC11017435 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this review is to systematically summarize and analyze the noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), especially microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), in the cell apoptosis among Alzheimer's disease (AD) in recent years to demonstrate their value in the diagnosis and treatment of AD. METHODS We systematically summarized in vitro and in vivo studies focusing on the ncRNAs in the regulation of cell apoptosis among AD in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. RESULTS We discover three patterns of ncRNAs (including 'miRNA-mRNA', 'lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA', and 'circRNA-miRNA-mRNA') form the ncRNA-based regulatory networks in regulating cell apoptosis in AD. CONCLUSIONS This review provides a future diagnosis and treatment strategy for AD patients based on ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangxian Li
- Laboratory of Respiratory DiseaseAffiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical UniversityGuilinChina
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive NeuroscienceGuilin Medical UniversityGuilinChina
| | - Mingyue Jin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive NeuroscienceGuilin Medical UniversityGuilinChina
| | - Jie Tan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive NeuroscienceGuilin Medical UniversityGuilinChina
| | - Bo Xiao
- Laboratory of Respiratory DiseaseAffiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical UniversityGuilinChina
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive NeuroscienceGuilin Medical UniversityGuilinChina
- Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseasesEducation Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionGuilinChina
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6
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Llera-Oyola J, Carceller H, Andreu Z, Hidalgo MR, Soler-Sáez I, Gordillo F, Gómez-Cabañes B, Roson B, de la Iglesia-Vayá M, Mancuso R, Guerini FR, Mizokami A, García-García F. The role of microRNAs in understanding sex-based differences in Alzheimer's disease. Biol Sex Differ 2024; 15:13. [PMID: 38297404 PMCID: PMC10832236 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-024-00588-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD)-the most frequent cause of dementia-is expected to increase as life expectancies rise across the globe. While sex-based differences in AD have previously been described, there remain uncertainties regarding any association between sex and disease-associated molecular mechanisms. Studying sex-specific expression profiles of regulatory factors such as microRNAs (miRNAs) could contribute to more accurate disease diagnosis and treatment. METHODS A systematic review identified six studies of microRNA expression in AD patients that incorporated information regarding the biological sex of samples in the Gene Expression Omnibus repository. A differential microRNA expression analysis was performed, considering disease status and patient sex. Subsequently, results were integrated within a meta-analysis methodology, with a functional enrichment of meta-analysis results establishing an association between altered miRNA expression and relevant Gene Ontology terms. RESULTS Meta-analyses of miRNA expression profiles in blood samples revealed the alteration of sixteen miRNAs in female and 22 miRNAs in male AD patients. We discovered nine miRNAs commonly overexpressed in both sexes, suggesting a shared miRNA dysregulation profile. Functional enrichment results based on miRNA profiles revealed sex-based differences in biological processes; most affected processes related to ubiquitination, regulation of different kinase activities, and apoptotic processes in males, but RNA splicing and translation in females. Meta-analyses of miRNA expression profiles in brain samples revealed the alteration of six miRNAs in female and four miRNAs in male AD patients. We observed a single underexpressed miRNA in female and male AD patients (hsa-miR-767-5p); however, the functional enrichment analysis for brain samples did not reveal any specifically affected biological process. CONCLUSIONS Sex-specific meta-analyses supported the detection of differentially expressed miRNAs in female and male AD patients, highlighting the relevance of sex-based information in biomedical data. Further studies on miRNA regulation in AD patients should meet the criteria for comparability and standardization of information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Llera-Oyola
- Computational Biomedicine Laboratory, Príncipe Felipe Research Center (CIPF), C/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain
- Carlos Simon Foundation-INCLIVA Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Valencia, Spain
| | - Héctor Carceller
- Neurobiology Unit, Program in Neurosciences and Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Spanish National Network for Research in Mental Health, Madrid, Spain
- Joint Unit in Biomedical Imaging FISABIO-CIPF, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region, València, Spain
| | - Zoraida Andreu
- Foundation Valencian Institute of Oncology (FIVO), 46009, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta R Hidalgo
- Computational Biomedicine Laboratory, Príncipe Felipe Research Center (CIPF), C/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - Irene Soler-Sáez
- Computational Biomedicine Laboratory, Príncipe Felipe Research Center (CIPF), C/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - Fernando Gordillo
- Computational Biomedicine Laboratory, Príncipe Felipe Research Center (CIPF), C/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - Borja Gómez-Cabañes
- Computational Biomedicine Laboratory, Príncipe Felipe Research Center (CIPF), C/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain
| | - Beatriz Roson
- Carlos Simon Foundation-INCLIVA Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria de la Iglesia-Vayá
- Joint Unit in Biomedical Imaging FISABIO-CIPF, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region, València, Spain
| | - Roberta Mancuso
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, 20148, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Akiko Mizokami
- Oral Health/Brain Health/Total Health (OBT) Research Center, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Francisco García-García
- Computational Biomedicine Laboratory, Príncipe Felipe Research Center (CIPF), C/ Eduardo Primo Yúfera, 3, 46012, Valencia, Spain.
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7
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Li K, Wang Y, Ni H. Hederagenin Upregulates PTPN1 Expression in Aβ-Stimulated Neuronal Cells, Exerting Anti-Oxidative Stress and Anti-Apoptotic Activities. J Mol Neurosci 2023; 73:932-945. [PMID: 37882913 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-023-02160-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalently neurodegenerative disease characterized by neuronal damage which is associated with amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation. Hederagenin is a triterpenoid saponin, exerting anti-apoptotic, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumoral, and neuroprotective activities. However, its role in AD progression is still obscure. The aim of this study was to explore the influences of hederagenin on Aβ-caused neuronal injury in vitro. Neuronal cells were treated with Aβ25-35 (Aβ) to establish a cellular model of AD. Cell viability was assessed using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). Oxidative stress was evaluated by detecting reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Apoptosis was investigated using TUNEL staining and caspase-3 activity assays. Protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 1 (PTPN1) was screened by bioinformatics analysis. Protein levels of PTPN1 and protein kinase B (Akt) were measured by western blotting. Hederagenin (2.5, 5, and 10 μM) alone did not affect viability of neuronal cells, but relieved Aβ-induced viability reduction. Hederagenin mitigated Aβ-induced increase in ROS accumulation and decrease in SOD activity. Hederagenin attenuated Aβ-induced increase in apoptotic rate and caspase-3 activity. PTPN1 was screened as a target of hederagenin against AD by bioinformatics analysis. Hederagenin treatment resisted Aβ-induced decrease in PTPN1 mRNA and protein levels in neuronal cells. PTPN1 silencing attenuated the suppressive functions of hederagenin in Aβ-stimulated oxidative stress and apoptosis. Hederagenin mitigated Aβ-induced Akt signaling inactivation by upregulating PTPN1 expression. In conclusion, hederagenin attenuates oxidative stress and apoptosis in neuronal cells stimulated with Aβ by promoting PTPN1/Akt signaling activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Department of Neurology, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang, 473004, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanshi Hospital of Nanyang, Nanyang, 473010, China
| | - Hongzao Ni
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an Second People's Hospital, #62 Huaihai South Road, Huai'an, 223300, China.
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Ma YM, Zhao L. Mechanism and Therapeutic Prospect of miRNAs in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Behav Neurol 2023; 2023:8537296. [PMID: 38058356 PMCID: PMC10697780 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8537296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are the smallest class of noncoding RNAs, which widely exist in animals and plants. They can inhibit translation or overexpression by combining with mRNA and participate in posttranscriptional regulation of genes, resulting in reduced expression of target proteins, affecting the development, growth, aging, metabolism, and other physiological and pathological processes of animals and plants. It is a powerful negative regulator of gene expression. It mediates the information exchange between different cellular pathways in cellular homeostasis and stress response and regulates the differentiation, plasticity, and neurotransmission of neurons. In neurodegenerative diseases, in addition to the complex interactions between genetic susceptibility and environmental factors, miRNAs can serve as a promising diagnostic tool for diseases. They can also increase or reduce neuronal damage by regulating the body's signaling pathways, immune system, stem cells, gut microbiota, etc. They can not only affect the occurrence of diseases and exacerbate disease progression but also promote neuronal repair and reduce apoptosis, to prevent and slow down the development of diseases. This article reviews the research progress of miRNAs on the mechanism and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in the nervous system. This trial is registered with NCT01819545, NCT02129452, NCT04120493, NCT04840823, NCT02253732, NCT02045056, NCT03388242, NCT01992029, NCT04961450, NCT03088839, NCT04137926, NCT02283073, NCT04509271, NCT02859428, and NCT05243017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Min Ma
- Acupuncture and Massage Department of Nanyang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Wo Long District, Nanyang City 473000, China
| | - Lan Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiqing District, Tianjin 300381, China
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Filippenkov IB, Khrunin AV, Mozgovoy IV, Dergunova LV, Limborska SA. Are Ischemic Stroke and Alzheimer's Disease Genetically Consecutive Pathologies? Biomedicines 2023; 11:2727. [PMID: 37893101 PMCID: PMC10604604 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Complex diseases that affect the functioning of the central nervous system pose a major problem for modern society. Among these, ischemic stroke (IS) holds a special place as one of the most common causes of disability and mortality worldwide. Furthermore, Alzheimer's disease (AD) ranks first among neurodegenerative diseases, drastically reducing brain activity and overall life quality and duration. Recent studies have shown that AD and IS share several common risk and pathogenic factors, such as an overlapping genomic architecture and molecular signature. In this review, we will summarize the genomics and RNA biology studies of IS and AD, discussing the interconnected nature of these pathologies. Additionally, we highlight specific genomic points and RNA molecules that can serve as potential tools in predicting the risks of diseases and developing effective therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Svetlana A. Limborska
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, Kurchatov Sq. 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia (A.V.K.); (I.V.M.); (L.V.D.)
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