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Huang JF, Li SQ, Xu R, Peng YQ. East‒West genetic differentiation across the Indo-Burma hotspot: evidence from two closely related dioecious figs. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:321. [PMID: 37322436 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04324-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding biodiversity patterns and their underlying mechanisms is of interest to ecologists, biogeographers and conservationists and is critically important for conservation efforts. The Indo-Burma hotspot features high species diversity and endemism, yet it also faces significant threats and biodiversity losses; however, few studies have explored the genetic structure and underlying mechanisms of Indo-Burmese species. Here, we conducted a comparative phylogeographic analysis of two closely related dioecious Ficus species, F. hispida and F. heterostyla, based on wide and intensive population sampling across Indo-Burma ranges, using chloroplast (psbA-trnH, trnS-trnG) and nuclear microsatellite (nSSR) markers, as well as ecological niche modeling. RESULTS The results indicated large numbers of population-specific cpDNA haplotypes and nSSR alleles in the two species. F. hispida showed slightly higher chloroplast diversity but lower nuclear diversity than F. heterostyla. Low-altitude mountainous areas of northern Indo-Burma were revealed to have high genetic diversity and high habitat suitability, suggesting potential climate refugia and conservation priority areas. Strong phylogeographic structure and a marked east‒west differentiation pattern were observed in both species, due to the interactions between biotic and abiotic factors. Interspecific dissimilarities at fine-scale genetic structure and asynchronized historical dynamics of east‒west differentiation between species were also detected, which were attributed to different species-specific traits. CONCLUSIONS We confirm hypothesized predictions that interactions between biotic and abiotic factors largely determine the patterns of genetic diversity and phylogeographic structure of Indo-Burmese plants. The east‒west genetic differentiation pattern observed in two targeted figs can be generalized to some other Indo-Burmese plants. The results and findings of this work will contribute to the conservation of Indo-Burmese biodiversity and facilitate targeted conservation efforts for different species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Feng Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecoloy, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, 666303, China.
| | - Shu-Qiong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecoloy, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, 666303, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Yunnan Academy of Biodiversity/College of Biodiversity and Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
| | - Yan-Qiong Peng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecoloy, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, 666303, China.
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Zoologist, traveller and explorer: celebrating the 60th anniversary of Alexei Vladimirovich Abramov. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF THERIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.15298/rusjtheriol.21.2.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Bannikova AA, Yuzefovich AP, Stefen C, Lebedev VS, Abramov AV. Genetic variability in the Crocidura kegoensis–C. zaitsevi group (Mammalia, Eulipotyphla) and re-evaluation of C. zaitsevi from Vietnam. Mamm Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s42991-022-00320-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Balakirev AE, Abramov AV, Phuong BX, Rozhnov VV. Natural Diversity and Phylogeny of Asian Red-Cheeked Squirrels (Rodentia, Sciuridae, Dremomys) in Eastern Indochina. BIOL BULL+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359022010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Based on new molecular data for mitochondrial (Cyt b) and nuclear (IRBP, RAG1) genes, as well as an extensive analysis of morphological material, we accessed actual species taxonomy and relationships among Asian red-cheeked squirrels Dremomys distributed in eastern Indochina and southern China. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that Asian red-cheeked squirrels, which are currently attributed to D. rufigenis, are not homogenic but instead consisted of two independent species-level clades—northern and south-central. The latter clade was additionally subdivided into two highly divergent clades based on Cyt b gene phylogeny. In spite of multidimensional statistics approach applied (PCA) only minor cranial differences were found between populations of study what lay a basis to treat it as cryptic species. Based on our findings, red-cheeked squirrels inhabit northern Vietnam and southern China, which are usually attributed to D. rufigenis, should be treated as distinct genetic species D. ornatus Thomas, 1914. In ones turn, based on its peculiar external morphology we can attribute the specimens from southern and central Vietnam to D. rufigenis proper and treat them as D. rufigenisfuscus Bonhote, 1907 and D. r. laomache Bonhote, 1921, respectively.
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Homogenized Phylogeographic Structure across the Indo-Burma Ranges of a Large Monoecious Fig, Ficus altissima Blume. DIVERSITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/d13120654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As well as bountiful natural resources, the Indo-Burma biodiversity hotspot features high rates of habitat destruction and fragmentation due to increasing human activity; however, most of the Indo-Burma species are poorly studied. The exploration of plants closely associated with human activity will further assist us to understand our influence in the context of the ongoing extinction events in the Anthropocene. This study, based on widely and intensively sampled F. altissima across Indo-Burma and the adjacent south China ranges, using both the chloroplast psbA-trnH spacer and sixteen newly developed nuclear microsatellite markers (nSSRs), aims to explore its spatial genetic structure. The results indicated low chloroplast haplotype diversity and a moderate level of nuclear genetic diversity. Although limited seed flow was revealed by psbA-trnH, no discernible phylogeographic structure was shown due to the low resolution of cpDNA markers and dominance of an ancestral haplotype. From the nSSRs data set, phylogeographic structure was homogenized, most likely due to extensive pollen flow mediated by pollinating fig wasps. Additionally, human cultivation and human-mediated transplanting further confounded the analyses of population structure. No geographic barriers are evident across the large study range, with F. altissima constituting a single population, and extensive human cultivation is likely to have had beneficial consequences for protecting the genetic diversity of F. altissima.
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Nguyen A, Tilker A, Le D, Le HV, Le SV, Luu TH, Tran BV, Wilting A. New records and southern range extension of the Annamite striped rabbit Nesolagus timminsi in Vietnam. MAMMALIA 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/mammalia-2020-0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The Annamite striped rabbit Nesolagus timminsi is a little-known and Endangered lagomorph endemic to the Annamites ecoregion of Vietnam and Laos. The species’ known distribution extends from the northern to central Annamites. Here, we report the first records of the species from the southern Annamites. We recorded camera-trap photographs of Annamite striped rabbit in Bidoup – Nui Ba National Park, located in Lam Dong province, Vietnam. The photographs represent the first records of the species from the southern Annamites, and a significant southern range extension. We discuss the implications of this finding for Annamite striped rabbit conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Nguyen
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research , 10315 Berlin , Germany
- Global Wildlife Conservation , 500 Capital of Texas HWY , Austin , TX 76787 , USA
| | - Andrew Tilker
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research , 10315 Berlin , Germany
- Global Wildlife Conservation , 500 Capital of Texas HWY , Austin , TX 76787 , USA
| | - Duy Le
- Southern Institute of Ecology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology , Ho Chi Minh City , Vietnam
| | - Huong Van Le
- Bidoup – Nui Ba National Park , Dalat , Lam Dong Province , Vietnam
| | - Son Van Le
- Bidoup – Nui Ba National Park , Dalat , Lam Dong Province , Vietnam
| | - Truong Hong Luu
- Southern Institute of Ecology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology , Ho Chi Minh City , Vietnam
| | - Bang Van Tran
- Southern Institute of Ecology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology , Ho Chi Minh City , Vietnam
| | - Andreas Wilting
- Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research , 10315 Berlin , Germany
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Balakirev AE, Abramov AV, Rozhnov VV. Distribution pattern and phylogeography of tree rats Chiromyscus (Rodentia, Muridae) in eastern Indochina. ZOOSYST EVOL 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/zse.97.57490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The study combines available data on species distribution in eastern Indochina to investigate the phylogeographical genetic and morphological diversity of tree rats (Chiromyscus, Rodentia, Muridae) and to specify their natural ranges. We examined the diversity and distribution of tree rats over its range, based on recent molecular data for mitochondrial (Cyt b, COI) and nuclear (IRBP, RAG1 and GHR) genes. The study presents the most complete and up-to-date data on the distribution and phylogeography of the genus in eastern Indochina. As revealed by mitochondrial genes, C. langbianis splits into at least four coherent geographically-distributed clades, whereas C. thomasi and C. chiropus form two distinctive mitochondrial clades each. Chiromyscus langbianis and C. chiropus show significant inconsistency in nuclear genes, whereas C. thomasi shows the same segregation pattern as can be traced by mitochondrial markers. The Northern and Southern phylogroups of C. thomasi appear to be distributed sympatrically with northern phylogroups of C. langbianis in most parts of eastern Indochina. The mitochondrial clades discovered are geographically subdivided and divergent enough to suspect independent subspecies within C. langbianis and C. thomasi. However, due to the insufficiency of obvious morphological traits, a formal description is not carried out here. The processes of recent fauna formation, species distribution patterns, dispersion routes and possible natural history in Indochina are discussed.
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Hartvig I, So T, Changtragoon S, Tran HT, Bouamanivong S, Theilade I, Kjær ED, Nielsen LR. Population genetic structure of the endemic rosewoods Dalbergia cochinchinensis and D. oliveri at a regional scale reflects the Indochinese landscape and life-history traits. Ecol Evol 2017; 8:530-545. [PMID: 29321891 PMCID: PMC5756888 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Indochina is a biodiversity hot spot and harbors a high number of endemic species, most of which are poorly studied. This study explores the genetic structure and reproductive system of the threatened endemic timber species Dalbergia cochinchinensis and Dalbergia oliveri using microsatellite data from populations across Indochina and relates it to landscape characteristics and life‐history traits. We found that the major water bodies in the region, Mekong and Tonle Sap, represented barriers to gene flow and that higher levels of genetic diversity were found in populations in the center of the distribution area, particularly in Cambodia. We suggest that this pattern is ancient, reflecting the demographic history of the species and possible location of refugia during earlier time periods with limited forest cover, which was supported by signs of old genetic bottlenecks. The D. oliveri populations had generally high levels of genetic diversity (mean He = 0.73), but also strong genetic differentiation among populations (global GST = 0.13), while D. cochinchinensis had a moderate level of genetic diversity (mean He = 0.55), and an even stronger level of differentiation (global GST = 0.25). These differences in genetic structure can be accounted for by a higher level of gene flow in D. oliveri due to a higher dispersal capacity, but also by the broader distribution area for D. oliveri, and the pioneer characteristics of D. cochinchinensis. This study represents the first detailed analysis of landscape genetics for tree species in Indochina, and the found patterns might be common for other species with similar ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida Hartvig
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg C Denmark
| | - Thea So
- Institute of Forest and Wildlife Research and Development, Forestry Administration Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Phnom Penh Cambodia
| | - Suchitra Changtragoon
- Forest and Plant Conservation Research Office Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Chatuchak, Bangkok Thailand
| | - Hoa Thi Tran
- Forest Genetics and Conservation Center for Biodiversity and Biosafety Institute of Agricultural Genetics Vietnam Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Somsanith Bouamanivong
- National Herbarium of Laos Biotechnology and Ecology Institute Ministry of Science and Technology Vientiane Laos
| | - Ida Theilade
- Department of Food and Resource Economics University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg C Denmark
| | - Erik Dahl Kjær
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg C Denmark
| | - Lene Rostgaard Nielsen
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg C Denmark
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Abramov AV, Balakirev AE, Rozhnov VV. New data on the distribution and intraspecific variation of the Millard’s giant rat Dacnomys millardi (Mammalia, Rodentia) from Vietnam. MAMMAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13364-017-0320-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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