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Barkizatova G, Turgumbayeva A, Zhakipbekov K, Bekesheva K, Arystanov Z, Arystanova T, Kayupova F, Zhumalina K, Toxanbayeva Z, Ibragimova A, Blinova O, Utegenova G, Iztileu N, Shynykul Z. Exploring the Pharmacological Potential of Lithospermum officinale L.: A Review of Phytochemicals and Ethnomedicinal Uses. Molecules 2024; 29:1856. [PMID: 38675676 PMCID: PMC11055044 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Exploring phytochemicals from ethnomedicinal plants for pharmacological applications is a promising research area. By studying ethnomedicine, researchers can identify plants used for centuries to treat ailments and investigate their phytochemicals. Consequently, phytochemicals can be isolated, characterized, and tested for pharmacological activities, leading to new drug development. This research also helps preserve traditional knowledge and biodiversity. Lithospermum officinale L., found in Eurasia, Argentina (South), Colombia, and the United States, is valued for its medicinal properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects. The current review emphasizes L. officinale L. as a significant reservoir of bioactive phytochemicals, with alkaloids, quinones, glucosides, phenolics, flavonoids, and lipids identified as the principal metabolites. It also unveils the unexplored potential of this plant for future research endeavors. Continued research on L. officinale L. can unlock its full potential, providing insights into its medicinal uses and contributing to biodiversity preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulzhanat Barkizatova
- School of Pharmacy, S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Tole Bi St. 94, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Aknur Turgumbayeva
- Higher School of Medicine, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Kairat Zhakipbekov
- Department of Organization, Management and Economics of Pharmacy and Clinical Pharmacy, Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Tole Bi St. 94, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Kuralay Bekesheva
- JSC “Scientific Centre for Anti-Infectious Drug”, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Zhalgaskali Arystanov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Disciplines, Astana Medical University, Beibitshilik Street 49/A, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan; (Z.A.); (T.A.); (N.I.)
| | - Tanagul Arystanova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Disciplines, Astana Medical University, Beibitshilik Street 49/A, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan; (Z.A.); (T.A.); (N.I.)
| | - Farida Kayupova
- Department of Pharmacy, Kazakh-Russian Medical University, Abylai Khan St. 51/53, Almaty 050004, Kazakhstan; (F.K.); (K.Z.)
| | - Klara Zhumalina
- Department of Pharmacy, Kazakh-Russian Medical University, Abylai Khan St. 51/53, Almaty 050004, Kazakhstan; (F.K.); (K.Z.)
| | - Zhanat Toxanbayeva
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Clinical Pharmacology, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, Al Farabi Sq. 1, Shymkent 160019, Kazakhstan; (Z.T.); (A.I.)
| | - Aigul Ibragimova
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Clinical Pharmacology, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, Al Farabi Sq. 1, Shymkent 160019, Kazakhstan; (Z.T.); (A.I.)
| | - Olga Blinova
- Department of Organization and Management of Pharmaceutical Business, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, Alfarabi Sq. 1, Shymkent 160000, Kazakhstan; (O.B.); (G.U.)
| | - Gulnara Utegenova
- Department of Organization and Management of Pharmaceutical Business, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, Alfarabi Sq. 1, Shymkent 160000, Kazakhstan; (O.B.); (G.U.)
| | - Nurzhan Iztileu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Disciplines, Astana Medical University, Beibitshilik Street 49/A, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan; (Z.A.); (T.A.); (N.I.)
| | - Zhanserik Shynykul
- Higher School of Medicine, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
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Jayawickreme K, Świstak D, Ozimek E, Reszczyńska E, Rysiak A, Makuch-Kocka A, Hanaka A. Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids-Pros and Cons for Pharmaceutical and Medical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16972. [PMID: 38069294 PMCID: PMC10706944 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterocyclic organic compounds named pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) belong to a group of alkaloids and are synthesized by either plants or microorganisms. Therefore, they are naturally occurring secondary metabolites. They are found in species applied in the pharmaceutical and food industries, thus a thorough knowledge of their pharmacological properties and toxicology to humans is of great importance for their further safe employment. This review is original because it synthesizes knowledge of plant and microbial PAs, which is unusual in the scientific literature. We have focused on the Boraginaceae family, which is unique due to the exceptional richness and diversity of its PAs in plant species. We have also presented the microbial sources of PAs, both from fungi and bacteria. The structure and metabolism of PAs have been discussed. Our main aim was to summarize the effects of PAs on humans, including both negative, toxic ones, mainly concerning hepatotoxicity and carcinogenicity, as well as potentially positive ones for pharmacological and medical applications. We have collected the results of studies on the anticancer activity of PAs from plant and microbial sources (mainly Streptomyces strains) and on the antimicrobial activity of PAs on different strains of microorganisms (bacteria and fungi). Finally, we have suggested potential applications and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavindi Jayawickreme
- Student Scientific Club of Phytochemists, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Dawid Świstak
- Student Scientific Club of Phytochemists, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewa Ozimek
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Emilia Reszczyńska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki St. 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Rysiak
- Department of Botany, Mycology, and Ecology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Makuch-Kocka
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, Radziwiłłowska St. 11, 20-080 Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Hanaka
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka St. 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
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Yan Y, Wei X, Qiu B, Wang G, Zhou B, Zhang M, Liu Y, Li S, Gao B, Li M. Exploring pharmaphylogeny from multiple perspectives: a case study on Lithospermeae. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7636. [PMID: 37169837 PMCID: PMC10175555 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34830-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Lithospermeae Dumort., a tribe under the subfamily Boraginoidae, is a perennial herb containing approximately 470 species under 26 genera, primarily distributed in temperate and tropical regions. To gain a deeper understanding of the medicinal plants of Lithospermeae and better protect and develop plant medicinal resources, the phytochemistry, pharmacology, and traditional use of Lithospermeae with medicinal value were analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis was carried out based on the internal transcribed spacer sequence. Through spatial analysis and the species distribution model, the spatial distribution pattern of Lithospermeae medicinal plants was analyzed. Meanwhile, the relevant targets and pathways involved in the pharmacological effects of commonly used medicinal plants were predicted using network pharmacology to further explore the genetic origin of Lithospermeae and enrich the pharmaphylogeny of medicinal plants. In this study, the chemical composition, traditional efficacy, and modern pharmacological activity of Lithospermeae were collected for the first time and analyzed in combination with the geographical distribution model, molecular phylogeny, and network pharmacology. Based on our findings, the pharmaphylogeny of Lithospermeae was preliminarily discussed, providing the scientific basis for basic research regarding Lithospermeae. Concurrently, this study explored the relationship between the development of the regional medicinal plant industry and the protection of biodiversity. Furthermore, our findings provide direction and theoretical guidance for the study of the phylogenetic relationships in medicinal plants and the development of Lithospermeae medicinal plant resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, 014040, China
- Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Inner Mongolia Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Xinxin Wei
- Department College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Bin Qiu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650000, China
| | - Guoping Wang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Chinese Materia Medica and Ethnic Materia Medica, Xinjiang Institute of Chinese Materia Medica and Ethnical Materia, Xinjiang, 830000, China
| | - Baochang Zhou
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Mingxu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, 014040, China
| | - Yibo Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Siqi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, 014040, China
| | - Bowen Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, 014040, China
| | - Minhui Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Baotou, 014040, China.
- Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Inner Mongolia Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hohhot, 010000, China.
- Department College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010000, China.
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010000, China.
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Xu Y, Li J, Mao H, You W, Chen J, Xu H, Wu J, Gong Y, Guo L, Liu T, Li W, Xu B, Xie J. Structural annotation, semi-quantification and toxicity prediction of pyrrolizidine alkaloids from functional food: In silico and molecular networking strategy. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 176:113738. [PMID: 37003509 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.113738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Many traditional Chinese herbs contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs), which have been reported to be toxic to livestock and humans. However, the lack of PAs standards makes it difficult to effectively conduct a risk assessment in the varied components of traditional Chinese medicine. It is necessary to propose a suitable strategy to obtain the representative occurrence data of PAs in complex systems. A comprehensive approach for annotating the structures, concentration, and mutagenicity of PAs in three Chinese herbs has been proposed in this article. First, feature-based molecular networking (FBMN) combined with network annotation propagation (NAP) on the Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking web platform speeds up the process of annotating PAs found in Chinese herbs. Second, a semi-quantitative prediction model based on the quantitative structures and ionization intensity relationship (QSIIR) is used to forecast the amounts of PAs in complex substrates. Finally, the T.E.S.T. was used to provide predictions regarding the mutagenicity of annotated PAs. The goal of this study was to develop a strategy for combining the results of several computer models for PA screening to conduct a comprehensive analysis of PAs, which is a crucial step in risk assessment of unknown PAs in traditional Chinese herbal preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huajian Mao
- Scientific Research Support Center, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei You
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianfeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Wuju Li
- Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Jianwei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Laboratory of Toxicant Analysis, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Zan K, Wang Z, Hu XW, Li YL, Wang Y, Jin HY, Zuo TT, Ma SC. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids and health risk of three Boraginaceae used in TCM. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1075010. [PMID: 37033649 PMCID: PMC10076571 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1075010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to systematically explore the pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) type, content and risk assessment in the three Boraginaceae used in TCM, involving Arnebia euchroma (AE), A. guttata (AG), and Lithospermum erythrorhizon (LE). Method: A UHPLC-MS/MS method was established to simultaneously determine eight pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs), namely intermedine, lycopsamine, intermedine N-oxide, lycopsamine N-oxide, 7-acetyllycopsamine, 7-acetyllycopsamine N-oxide, echimidine N-oxide, and echimidine in the three herbs. Based on these results, the risk assessment was explored using the routine margin of exposure (MOE) combined with relative potency (REP) for oral and external usage, respectively. Results and Conclusion: Imermedine and imermedine N-oxide were common components in the eight tested PAs. 7-acetyllycopsamine and its N-oxide were not detected in AE; echimidine and its N-oxide were not detected in AG; lycopsamine and its N-oxide, 7-acetyllycopsamine and its N-oxide were not detected in LE. The total contents of 8 PAs in 11 batches of AG was341.56-519.51 μg/g; the content in 15 batches of LE was 71.16-515.73 μg/g, and the content in 11 batches of AE was 23.35-207.13 μg/g. Based on these results, the risk assessment was explored using MOE combined with REP for oral and external usage, respectively. The findings of the risk assessment method of PAs based on MOE combined with the REP factor were consistent with the clinical toxicity results. As an oral herb, AE had low risk or no risk due to its low PA contents, and individual batches of LE were medium risk, while attention should be paid to their clinical use.AG was also low risk. The external use of the three Boraginaceae used in TCM was not associated with any risk. This study systematically explored the PA type and content of the three Boraginaceae used in TCM. Additionally, the refined risk assessment of PAs based on REP provided a more scientific basis for quality evaluation and rational use of the medicinal Boraginaceae used in TCM to improve public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zan
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Hu
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Yao-Lei Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Yu Jin
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Tian-Tian Zuo
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Tian-Tian Zuo, ; Shuang-Cheng Ma,
| | - Shuang-Cheng Ma
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Tian-Tian Zuo, ; Shuang-Cheng Ma,
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Noroozi M, Ghahremaninejad F, Bogler D, Witherspoon JM, Ryan GL, Miller JS, Riahi M, Cohen JI. Parsing a plethora of pollen: the role of pollen size and shape in the evolution of Boraginaceae. Cladistics 2021; 38:204-226. [DOI: 10.1111/cla.12488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Noroozi
- Department of Plant Sciences Faculty of Biological Sciences Kharazmi University Tehran 15719‐14911 Iran
| | - Farrokh Ghahremaninejad
- Department of Plant Sciences Faculty of Biological Sciences Kharazmi University Tehran 15719‐14911 Iran
| | - David Bogler
- Missouri Botanical Garden 4344 Shaw Blvd. St Louis MO 63110 USA
| | | | - Gillian L. Ryan
- Department of Physics Carnegie Mellon University 5000 Forbes Ave. Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA
| | - James S. Miller
- Missouri Botanical Garden 4344 Shaw Blvd. St Louis MO 63110 USA
| | - Mehrshid Riahi
- Department of Plant Sciences Faculty of Biological Sciences Kharazmi University Tehran 15719‐14911 Iran
| | - James I. Cohen
- Department of Botany and Plant Ecology Weber State University 1415 Edvalson St., Dept. 2504 Ogden UT 84408 USA
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Luo Z, Chen G, Li X, Wang L, Shu H, Cui X, Chang C, Zeng A, Fu Q. Molecularly imprinted polymer solid‐phase microextraction coupled with ultra high performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry for rapid analysis of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in herbal medicine. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:3352-3362. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Luo
- School of PharmacyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine ResearchNorthwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Xining P. R. China
| | - Guoning Chen
- School of PharmacyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an P. R. China
| | - Xuan Li
- School of PharmacyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an P. R. China
| | - Lu Wang
- School of PharmacyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an P. R. China
| | - Hua Shu
- School of PharmacyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an P. R. China
| | - Xia Cui
- School of PharmacyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an P. R. China
| | - Chun Chang
- School of PharmacyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an P. R. China
| | - Aiguo Zeng
- School of PharmacyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an P. R. China
| | - Qiang Fu
- School of PharmacyXi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an P. R. China
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