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Gaghan LJ, Sluder IT, Sampath A, Wood J, Brondon J, Blatt J, Miedema J, Nieman E. Spontaneous multifocal pyogenic granulomas. Pediatr Dermatol 2024. [PMID: 38967954 DOI: 10.1111/pde.15672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Cutaneous pyogenic granulomas (PGs) are common, benign vascular tumors of uncertain pathogenesis; however, a growing body of literature suggests that the formation of PGs may be secondary to genetic alterations in both the Ras/Raf/MAPK and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways. We present three cases of spontaneous multifocal PGs that first presented in infancy, were not associated with other vascular anomalies or discernable etiology, harbored somatic genetic variants in the Ras/Raf/MAPK pathway (NRAS n = 2, FGFR1 n = 1), were refractory to treatment with beta-blockers and mTOR inhibitors, and responded best to pulsed dye laser. We propose the term "spontaneous multifocal PGs" to describe this entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey J Gaghan
- Department of Dermatology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Isaac T Sluder
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ashwath Sampath
- Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jeyhan Wood
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of North Carolina School, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jennifer Brondon
- Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Julie Blatt
- Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jayson Miedema
- Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Dermatopathology, Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Elizabeth Nieman
- Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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The Effects of Genistein at Different Concentrations on MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells and BJ Dermal Fibroblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012360. [PMID: 36293214 PMCID: PMC9604460 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the safety and potential use of soy isoflavones in the treatment of skin problems, difficult-to-heal wounds and postoperative scars in women after the oncological treatment of breast cancer. The effects of different concentrations of genistein as a representative of soy isoflavonoids on MCF-7 tumor cells and BJ skin fibroblasts cultured in vitro were assessed. Genistein affects both healthy dermal BJ fibroblasts and cancerous MCF-7 cells. The effect of the tested isoflavonoid is closely related to its concentration. High concentrations of genistein destroy MCF-7 cancer cells, regardless of the exposure time, with a much greater effect on reducing cancer cell numbers at longer times (48 h). Lower concentrations of genistein (10 and 20 μM) increase the abundance of dermal fibroblasts. However, higher concentrations of genistein (50 μM and higher) are detrimental to fibroblasts at longer exposure times (48 h). Our studies indicate that although genistein shows high potential for use in the treatment of skin problems, wounds and surgical scars in women during and after breast cancer treatment, it is not completely safe. Introducing isoflavonoids to treatment requires further research into their mechanisms of action at the molecular level, taking into account genetic and immunological aspects. It is also necessary to conduct research in in vivo models, which will allow for eliminating adverse side effects of therapy.
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Cai Y, Xiao M, Li X, Zhou S, Sun Y, Yu W, Zhao T. BMS‐202, a PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitor, decelerates the pro‑fibrotic effects of fibroblasts derived from scar tissues via ERK and TGFβ1/Smad signaling pathways. Immun Inflamm Dis 2022; 10:e693. [PMID: 36169254 PMCID: PMC9449589 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hypertrophic scar (HS), a fibroproliferative disorder of the skin with some tumor‐like properties, is closely related to dysregulated inflammation. PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitor is a promising medication for cancer therapy as its potent functions on adaptive immune response; whether it could be a candidate for HS therapy has aroused our interest. This study aimed to explore the effect and the mechanism of BMS‐202, a PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitor, in HS. Methods Ten HS and adjacent normal skin tissues collected from HS patients were used to detect α‐SMA, collagen I, and PD‐L1 expression by Quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction and western blot (WB) analysis. Fibroblasts derived from HS tissues (HFBs) were exposed to diverse concentrations of BMS‐202, of which proliferation, migration, apoptosis, and collagen synthesis were evaluated by Cell Counting Kit‐8, wound healing, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP Nick‐End labeling, and [3H]‑proline incorporation assays, respectively. The effect of BMS‐202 on α‐SMA and collagen I expression, and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1)/Smad signaling in HFBs was also determined by WB and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Results The expression level of PD‐L1 was significantly elevated in both HS tissues and HFBs, which was positively correlated with α‐SMA and collagen I expressions. BMS‐202 exerted a significant suppression effect on the cell proliferation, migration, collagen synthesis, and α‐SMA and collagen I expression of HFBs in a concentration‐dependent way; but did not affect apoptosis. Finally, BMS‐202 could reduce the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, Smad2, and Smad3, and the TGFβ1 expression once its concentration reached 2.5 nM. Conclusion BMS‐202 effectively suppressed proliferation, migration, and extracellular matrix deposition of HFBs, potentially through the regulation of the ERK and TGFβ1/Smad signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Cai
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Soochow Jiangsu China
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital Changzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Min Xiao
- Department of Oncology Changzhou Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University Changzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Xinqing Li
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital Changzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Shanyu Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital Changzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Yangyang Sun
- Department of Pathology Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital Changzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Wenyuan Yu
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Soochow Jiangsu China
| | - Tianlan Zhao
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Soochow Jiangsu China
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Kaňuchová M, Urban L, Melegová N, Čoma M, Dvořánková B, Smetana K, Gál P. Genistein does not inhibit TGF-beta1-induced conversion of human dermal fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. Physiol Res 2021; 70:815-820. [PMID: 34505520 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1) is a pro-fibrotic cytokine with a key role in wound repair and regeneration, including induction of fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition. Genistein is a naturally occurring selective estrogen receptor modulator with promising anti-fibrotic properties. In the present study we aimed to investigate whether genistein modulates TGF-beta1 (canonical and non-canonical) signaling in normal dermal fibroblasts at the protein level (Western blot and immunofluorescence). We demonstrated that TGF-beta1 induces the myofibroblast-like phenotype in the studied fibroblast signaling via canonical (SMAD) and non-canonical (AKT, ERK1/2, ROCK) pathways. Genistein induced only ERK1/2 expression, whereas the combination of TGF-beta1 and genistein attenuated the ERK1/2 and ROCK signaling. Of note, the other studied pathways remained almost unaffected. From this point of view, genistein does not impair conversion of normal fibroblasts to myofibroblast-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kaňuchová
- Department of Pharmacology, MediPark and East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Košice, Slovak Republic. or
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Nazari-Khanamiri F, Ghasemnejad-Berenji M. Cellular and molecular mechanisms of genistein in prevention and treatment of diseases: An overview. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13972. [PMID: 34664285 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Genistein is the simplest secondary metabolite in soybeans and belongs to a group of compounds called isoflavones. It is a phytoestrogen and it makes up more than 60% of soy isoflavones. Studies have shown the anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and anti-angiogenic effects of genistein in addition to its modulatory effects on steroidal hormone receptors. In this review, we discuss the pharmacologic and therapeutic effects of genistein on various diseases. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: In this review, we have discussed the therapeutic effects of genistein as the main constituent of soybeans on health conditions. Its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and, anti-angiogenic effects need more attention. The pharmacological properties of genistein make this natural isoflavone a potential treatment for various diseases such as postmenopausal symptoms, cancer, bone, brain, and heart diseases. Special emphasis should be given to it, resulting in using it in clinical as a safe, potent, and bioactive molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Morteza Ghasemnejad-Berenji
- Experimental and Applied Pharmaceutical Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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Čoma M, Lachová V, Mitrengová P, Gál P. Molecular Changes Underlying Genistein Treatment of Wound Healing: A Review. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 43:127-141. [PMID: 34067763 PMCID: PMC8929053 DOI: 10.3390/cimb43010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Estrogen deprivation is one of the major factors responsible for many age-related processes including poor wound healing in postmenopausal women. However, the reported side-effects of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) have precluded broad clinical administration. Therefore, selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) have been developed to overcome the detrimental side effects of ERT on breast and/or uterine tissues. The use of natural products isolated from plants (e.g., soy) may represent a promising source of biologically active compounds (e.g., genistein) as efficient alternatives to conventional treatment. Genistein as natural SERM has the unique ability to selectively act as agonist or antagonist in a tissue-specific manner, i.e., it improves skin repair and simultaneously exerts anti-cancer and chemopreventive properties. Hence, we present here a wound healing phases-based review of the most studied naturally occurring SERM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matúš Čoma
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia;
- Department of Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Inc., 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Veronika Lachová
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.L.); (P.M.)
| | - Petra Mitrengová
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.L.); (P.M.)
| | - Peter Gál
- Department of Biomedical Research, East-Slovak Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Inc., 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.L.); (P.M.)
- Laboratory of Cell Interactions, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
- Prague Burn Center, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 34 Prague, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +421-55-789-1613
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Minaev SV, Grigorova AN, Vladimirova OV, Timofeev SI, Sirak AG, Vladimirov VI, Pogosyan AA, Zelenskaya MV. [Influence of connective tissue differentiation on scar tissue formation in children]. Khirurgiia (Mosk) 2021:72-77. [PMID: 33977701 DOI: 10.17116/hirurgia202105172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the immunohistochemical features of various scar tissues in children without connective tissue pathology and with undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia syndrome. MATERIAL AND METHODS Tissue biopsy was performed in 217 children who underwent surgical treatment for various lesions, such as injuries, burns, as well as other procedures. There were 127 boys (58.5%) and 90 (41.5%) girls. The main group consisted of 98 (48.2%) children with scar tissue; group of UCTD syndrome - 65 (30.0%) children; control group - 43 (24.8%) patients without pathological scars. Histological examination of scar tissue and intact skin was carried out during primary or redo reconstructive surgery. Immunohistochemical study of antibodies against CD34, CD105, CD140b, PDGFs, COL types I, III and IV was performed. RESULTS The study showed a quantitative characteristic of expression of COL type I in hypertrophic scar with predominance in the main group (77.5±5.4%; p<0.05), and decrease in COL type IV. Keloid form was associated with predominance of granulation tissue in all layers of dermis and high levels of all types of collagen. In the group of UCTD, COL type III prevailed in all pathological forms of the scar. We determined quantitative indicators of expression of vascularization factors (CD34; CD105) and fibroblastic activity (CD140b; PDGFs). CONCLUSION Understanding the process of fibrinogenesis and analysis of stages of triggering mechanisms are essential for development of preventive algorithms. Individualized approach should be considered in the treatment. These studies are especially important in children with UCTD syndrome as high-risk group for pathological scarring. Thus, further research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Minaev
- Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Russia
| | - A N Grigorova
- Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Russia
| | | | - S I Timofeev
- Magadan Regional Children's Hospital, Magadan, Russia
| | - A G Sirak
- Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Russia
| | - V I Vladimirov
- Pyatigorsk Interdistrict Oncology Dispensary, Pyatigorsk, Russia
| | - A A Pogosyan
- Stavropol State Medical University, Stavropol, Russia
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Zagórska-Dziok M, Kleczkowska P, Olędzka E, Figat R, Sobczak M. Poly(chitosan-ester-ether-urethane) Hydrogels as Highly Controlled Genistein Release Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073339. [PMID: 33805204 PMCID: PMC8037816 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymeric hydrogels play an increasingly important role in medicine, pharmacy and cosmetology. They appear to be one of the most promising groups of biomaterials due to their favorable physicochemical properties and biocompatibility. The objective of the presented study was to synthesize new poly(chitosan-ester-ether-urethane) hydrogels and to study the kinetic release of genistein (GEN) from these biomaterials. In view of the above, six non-toxic hydrogels were synthesized via the Ring-Opening Polymerization (ROP) and polyaddition processes. The poly(ester-ether) components of the hydrogels have been produced in the presence of the enzyme as a biocatalyst. In some cases, the in vitro release rate of GEN from the obtained hydrogels was characterized by near-zero-order kinetics, without “burst release” and with non-Fickian transport. It is important to note that developed hydrogels have been shown to possess the desired safety profile due to lack of cytotoxicity to skin cells (keratinocytes and fibroblasts). Taking into account the non-toxicity of hydrogels and the relatively highly controlled release profile of GEN, these results may provide fresh insight into polymeric hydrogels as an effective dermatological and/or cosmetological tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Zagórska-Dziok
- Department of Technology of Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Medicine, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, 2 Sucharskiego St., 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Patrycja Kleczkowska
- Centre for Preclinical Research (CBP), Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Warsaw, 1B Banacha St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
- Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 4 Kozielska St., 01-163 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Olędzka
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw,1 Banacha St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Ramona Figat
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw,1 Banacha St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Marcin Sobczak
- Department of Technology of Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Medicine, University of Information Technology and Management in Rzeszow, 2 Sucharskiego St., 35-225 Rzeszow, Poland;
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Biomaterials, Department of Biomaterials Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw,1 Banacha St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-572-07-55
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Zhong C, Nong Q, Feng W, Pan Y, Wu Y, Zeng X, Li H, Zhong X, Li F, Luan Z, Huang X, Luo K, Liu D, Yao J. Polyphyllin VII induces fibroblasts apoptosis via the ERK/JNK pathway. Burns 2020; 47:140-149. [PMID: 33279335 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2020.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a pathological scar that often occurs in burn patients. Its histology is characterized by the excessive proliferation of fibroblasts (FB) and excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM). Inhibition of proliferation and activation of FB is essential for the treatment of HS. The crude extracts of traditional Chinese medicines have beneficial therapeutic effects on HS besides possessing fewer side effects and being easily available. Polyphyllin VII (PP7) is an isoprene saponin isolated from Rhizoma paridis. It has a pro-apoptotic effect on cancer cells. In the present study, we demonstrate that PP7 exerts a significant inhibitory effect on hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFs) in vitro. We also demonstrate that PP7 considerably induces the apoptosis of HSFs and inhibits their activity. Our data show that the PP7-induced HSFs cell apoptosis was mainly due to the enhanced expression of apoptotic genes (Bax, Caspase-3, Caspase-9) and decreased expression of Bcl-2. Moreover, PP7 treatment also enhances the expression of JNK, but that of extracellular protein kinases (ERK) was reduced, and induces apoptosis through ERK/JNK pathways. Thus, PP7 can be used as a drug to prevent the formation of HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyi Zhong
- Departments of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qingwen Nong
- Departments of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wenyu Feng
- Departments of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yugu Pan
- Departments of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yajun Wu
- Departments of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xianmin Zeng
- Departments of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hanwen Li
- Departments of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xueran Zhong
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Feicui Li
- Departments of General Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhiwei Luan
- Departments of Bone and Joint surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xing Huang
- Departments of Bone and Joint surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Kai Luo
- Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Daen Liu
- Departments of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
| | - Jun Yao
- Departments of Bone and Joint surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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Chuang YC, Cheng MC, Lee CC, Chiou TY, Tsai TY. Effect of ethanol extract from Lactobacillus plantarum TWK10-fermented soymilk on wound healing in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat. AMB Express 2019; 9:163. [PMID: 31605256 PMCID: PMC6789050 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-019-0886-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a highly dynamic phenomenon comprising numerous coordinated steps including homeostasis/coagulation, inflammation, migration, proliferation, and remodeling. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a multisystem chronic epidemic that prolongs inflammation in wounds and is associated with impaired healing. This study aimed to investigate the effect of an ethanol extract from Lactobacillus plantarum TWK10 (TWK10)-fermented soymilk on wound healing. The anti-inflammatory effects of the ethanol extract of TWK10-fermented soymilk on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells were examined. The ethanol extract of TWK10-fermented soymilk (100 µg/mL) significantly decreased nitric oxide production from 11.34 ± 0.74 μM to 8.24 ± 2.02 µM (p < 0.05) and enhanced proliferation in Detroit 551 cells cultured in high-glucose medium; the cell number peaked at 128.44 ± 7.67% (compared to the untreated control) at 600 µg/mL. An ethanol extract of TWK10-fermented soymilk + vaseline-treated rat model of streptozotocin-induced diabetic wounds was generated herein, and the following groups were formed herein: normal control (NC), blank control (BC), low dose group (LD, 0.24 mg/wound), intermediate dose (MD, 0.48 mg/wound), and high dose (HD, 2.40 mg/wound). On day 14 after wound infliction, the wound area in the LD, MD, and HD groups was significantly decreased to 10.2, 8.4, and 8.5% respectively (p < 0.05). Moreover, in the LD, MD, and, HD groups, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin 6, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 were downregulated in the wounded skin. These results show that the topical application of the ethanol extract of TWK10-fermented soymilk is beneficial for enhancing wound healing and for the closure of diabetic wounds.
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Cao C, Wang W, Lu L, Wang L, Chen X, Guo R, Li S, Jiang J. Inactivation of Beclin-1-dependent autophagy promotes ursolic acid-induced apoptosis in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts. Exp Dermatol 2018; 27:58-63. [PMID: 28767174 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A hypertrophic scar (HS) is caused by abnormal proliferation of dermal fibroblasts. Thus, promoting hypertrophic scar fibroblast (HSFB) apoptosis is an effective strategy for HS therapy. Ursolic acid (UA) has been widely used as an inducer of apoptosis in diverse cancers. However, whether UA plays an inhibitory role in HS formation is still unknown. In our study, UA was used to treat HSFBs and the cell viability, apoptosis, and collagen synthesis were determined by a Cell Counting Kit 8 assay, flow cytometry, and an H3 -proline incorporation assay, respectively. Autophagy activity was detected by LC3 immunoblotting and electron microscopy, and siRNAs targeting Beclin-1 were used to inhibit autophagy. Western blotting was performed to investigate the molecular changes in HSFBs after various treatments. We found that UA inhibited collagen synthesis and induced cell apoptosis in HSFBs, evidenced by the deregulated expression of Bim, Bcl-2 and Cyto C. Furthermore, we demonstrated that UA induced autophagy and inactivation of autophagy promoted UA-induced apoptosis and collagen synthesis inhibition in HSFBs. Molecular investigation indicated that UA-induced autophagy through upregulation of Beclin-1 and knockdown of Beclin-1 prevent UA-induced autophagy. Overexpression of Bcl-2 prevents UA-induced autophagy, Beclin-1 upregulation, apoptosis and collagen synthesis inhibition in HSFBs. Collectively, our study demonstrated that UA is a novel agent for inhibiting HS formation by promoting apoptosis, especially in combination with an autophagy inhibitor. Our results provide strong evidence of the application of UA in clinical HS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Cao
- Plastic Surgery Department of Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenping Wang
- Plastic Surgery Department of Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Lele Lu
- Plastic Surgery Department of Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Plastic Surgery Department of Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - XiaoSong Chen
- Plastic Surgery Department of Concord Hospital of the Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Rui Guo
- Plastic Surgery Department of Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Shirong Li
- Plastic Surgery Department of Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Junzi Jiang
- Plastic Surgery Department of Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, China
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Abstract
In women, aging and declining estrogen levels are associated with several cutaneous changes, many of which can be reversed or improved by estrogen supplementation. Two estrogen receptors—α and β—have been cloned and found in various tissue types. Epidermal thinning, declining dermal collagen content, diminished skin moisture, decreased laxity, and impaired wound healing have been reported in postmenopausal women. Experimental and clinical studies in postmenopausal conditions indicate that estrogen deprivation is associated with dryness, atrophy, fine wrinkling, and poor wound healing. The isoflavone genistein binds to estrogen receptor β and has been reported to improve skin changes. This review article will focus on the effects of genistein on skin health.
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13
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Myasoedova VA, Kirichenko TV, Melnichenko AA, Orekhova VA, Ravani A, Poggio P, Sobenin IA, Bobryshev YV, Orekhov AN. Anti-Atherosclerotic Effects of a Phytoestrogen-Rich Herbal Preparation in Postmenopausal Women. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17081318. [PMID: 27529226 PMCID: PMC5000715 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17081318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The risk of cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis progression is significantly increased after menopause, probably due to the decrease of estrogen levels. The use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for prevention of cardiovascular disease in older postmenopausal failed to meet expectations. Phytoestrogens may induce some improvements in climacteric symptoms, but their effect on the progression of atherosclerosis remains unclear. The reduction of cholesterol accumulation at the cellular level should lead to inhibition of the atherosclerotic process in the arterial wall. The inhibition of intracellular lipid deposition with isoflavonoids was suggested as the effective way for the prevention of plaque formation in the arterial wall. The aim of this double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study was to investigate the effect of an isoflavonoid-rich herbal preparation on atherosclerosis progression in postmenopausal women free of overt cardiovascular disease. One hundred fifty-seven healthy postmenopausal women (age 65 ± 6) were randomized to a 500 mg isoflavonoid-rich herbal preparation containing tannins from grape seeds, green tea leaves, hop cone powder, and garlic powder, or placebo. Conventional cardiovascular risk factors and intima-media thickness of common carotid arteries (cIMT) were evaluated at the baseline and after 12 months of treatment. After 12-months follow-up, total cholesterol decreased by 6.3% in isoflavonoid-rich herbal preparation recipients (p = 0.011) and by 5.2% in placebo recipients (p = 0.020); low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol decreased by 7.6% in isoflavonoid-rich herbal preparation recipients (p = 0.040) and by 5.2% in placebo recipients (non-significant, NS); high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol decreased by 3.4% in isoflavonoid-rich herbal preparation recipients (NS) and by 4.5% in placebo recipients (p = 0.038); triglycerides decreased by 6.0% in isoflavonoid-rich herbal preparation recipients (NS) and by 7.1% in placebo recipients (NS). The differences between lipid changes in the isoflavonoid-rich herbal preparation and placebo recipients did not reach statistical significance (p > 0.05). Nevertheless, the mean cIMT progression was significantly lower in isoflavonoid-rich herbal preparation recipients as compared to the placebo group (6 μm, or <1%, versus 100 μm, or 13%; p < 0.001 for the difference). The growth of existing atherosclerotic plaques in isoflavonoid-rich herbal preparation recipients was inhibited by 1.5-fold (27% versus 41% in the placebo group). The obtained results demonstrate that the use of isoflavonoid-rich herbal preparation in postmenopausal women may suppress the formation of new atherosclerotic lesions and reduce the progression of existing ones, thus promising new drug for anti-atherosclerotic therapy. Nevertheless, further studies are required to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika A Myasoedova
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan I-20138, Italy.
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow 125315, Russia.
| | - Tatyana V Kirichenko
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, Moscow 143025, Russia.
| | | | - Varvara A Orekhova
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, Moscow 143025, Russia.
- Russian Cardiology Research and Production Complex, Moscow 121552, Russia.
| | - Alessio Ravani
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan I-20138, Italy.
| | - Paolo Poggio
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan I-20138, Italy.
| | - Igor A Sobenin
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow 125315, Russia.
- Russian Cardiology Research and Production Complex, Moscow 121552, Russia.
| | - Yuri V Bobryshev
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow 125315, Russia.
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
- School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia.
| | - Alexander N Orekhov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow 125315, Russia.
- Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Center, Moscow 143025, Russia.
- Department of Biophysics, Biological Faculty, Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.
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Medicinal plants for the treatment of hypertrophic scars. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:101340. [PMID: 25861351 PMCID: PMC4377450 DOI: 10.1155/2015/101340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Revised: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hypertrophic scar is a complication of wound healing and has a high recurrence rate which can lead to significant abnormity in aesthetics and functions. To date, no ideal treatment method has been established. Meanwhile, the underlying mechanism of hypertrophic scarring has not been clearly defined. Although a large amount of scientific research has been reported on the use of medicinal plants as a natural source of treatment for hypertrophic scarring, it is currently scattered across a wide range of publications. Therefore, a systematic summary and knowledge for future prospects are necessary to facilitate further medicinal plant research for their potential use as antihypertrophic scar agents. A bibliographic investigation was accomplished by focusing on medicinal plants which have been scientifically tested in vitro and/or in vivo and proved as potential agents for the treatment of hypertrophic scars. Although the chemical components and mechanisms of action of medicinal plants with antihypertrophic scarring potential have been investigated, many others remain unknown. More investigations and clinical trials are necessary to make use of these medical plants reasonably and phytotherapy is a promising therapeutic approach against hypertrophic scars.
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Chen JY, Zhang L, Zhang H, Su L, Qin LP. Triggering of p38 MAPK and JNK Signaling is Important for Oleanolic Acid-Induced Apoptosis via the Mitochondrial Death Pathway in Hypertrophic Scar Fibroblasts. Phytother Res 2014; 28:1468-78. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Yu Chen
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy; Second Military Medical University; Shanghai 200433 PR China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, School of Pharmacy; Second Military Medical University; Shanghai 200433 PR China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, School of Pharmacy; Second Military Medical University; Shanghai 200433 PR China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, School of Pharmacy; Second Military Medical University; Shanghai 200433 PR China
| | - Li Su
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Center, School of Pharmacy; Second Military Medical University; Shanghai 200433 PR China
| | - Lu-Ping Qin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy; Second Military Medical University; Shanghai 200433 PR China
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16
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Liu BH, Chen L, Li SR, Wang ZX, Cheng WG. Smac/DIABLO regulates the apoptosis of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts. Int J Mol Med 2013; 32:615-22. [PMID: 23857156 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In abnormal skin wound healing, hypertrophic scars (HS) are characterized by excessive fibroblast hypercellularity and an overproduction of collagen, leading to atypical extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. Although the exact mechanisms of HS remain unclear, decreased HS fibroblast (HSFB) apoptosis and increased proliferation are evident in the development of HS. In this study, the contribution of the second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases/direct inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP)-binding protein with a low isoelectric point (pI) (Smac/DIABLO), an apoptosis-promoting protein released from the mitochondria, was investigated in human normal skin and HSFB cultures. The expression of Smac/DIABLO is usually decreased in many malignant tumors compared with normal tissues. Immunohistochemical analysis of skin tissues and the western blot analyses of fibroblasts revealed that the expression of Smac/DIABLO was lower in HS tissues compared with normal skin tissues. Of note, adenovirus-mediated Smac/DIABLO overexpression in the cultured HSFBs significantly reduced cell proliferation, as detected by the cell counting kit-8, and increased caspase-3 and -9 activity, as detected by spectrofluorimetry. In addition, it increased apoptosis, as detected by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Furthermore, we found that the silencing of Smac with siRNA in the HSFBs induced a noticeable decrease in caspase-3 and -9 activity, leading to a significant reduction in apoptosis. In addition, the mRNA expression of type I and III pro-collagen detected in the HSFBs was significantly increased following the silencing of Smac with siRNA and was inhibited following Smac/DIABLO overexpression, as shown by real-time RT-PCR. In conclusion, Smac/DIABLO decreases the proliferation and increases the apoptosis of HSFBs. To our knowledge, the data from our study suggest for the first time that Smac/DIABLO is a novel therapeutic target for HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Heng Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
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Gencel VB, Benjamin MM, Bahou SN, Khalil RA. Vascular effects of phytoestrogens and alternative menopausal hormone therapy in cardiovascular disease. Mini Rev Med Chem 2012; 12:149-74. [PMID: 22070687 DOI: 10.2174/138955712798995020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2011] [Revised: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 08/05/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Phytoestrogens are estrogenic compounds of plant origin classified into different groups including isoflavones, lignans, coumestans and stilbenes. Isoflavones such as genistein and daidzein are the most studied and most potent phytoestrogens, and are found mainly in soy based foods. The effects of phytoestrogens are partly mediated via estrogen receptors (ERs): ERα, ERβ and possibly GPER. The interaction of phytoestrogens with ERs is thought to induce both genomic and non-genomic effects in many tissues including the vasculature. Some phytoestrogens such as genistein have additional non-ER-mediated effects involving signaling pathways such as tyrosine kinase. Experimental studies have shown beneficial effects of phytoestrogens on endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle, and extracellular matrix. Phytoestrogens may also affect other pathophysiologic vascular processes such as lipid profile, angiogenesis, inflammation, tissue damage by reactive oxygen species, and these effects could delay the progression of atherosclerosis. As recent clinical trials showed no vascular benefits or even increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CV events with conventional menopausal hormone therapy (MHT), phytoestrogens are being considered as alternatives to pharmacologic MHT. Epidemiological studies in the Far East population suggest that dietary intake of phytoestrogens may contribute to the decreased incidence of postmenopausal CVD and thromboembolic events. Also, the WHO-CARDIAC study supported that consumption of high soybean diet is associated with lower mortalities from coronary artery disease. However, as with estrogen, there has been some discrepancy between the experimental studies demonstrating the vascular benefits of phytoestrogens and the data from clinical trials. This is likely because the phytoestrogens clinical trials have been limited in many aspects including the number of participants enrolled, the clinical end points investigated, and the lack of long-term follow-up. Further investigation of the cellular mechanisms underlying the vascular effects of phytoestrogens and careful evaluation of the epidemiological evidence and clinical trials of their potential vascular benefits would put forward the use of phytoestrogens as an alternative MHT for the relief of menopausal symptoms and amelioration of postmenopausal CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- V B Gencel
- Vascular Surgery Research Laboratory, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Pawlikowska-Pawlęga B, Misiak LE, Zarzyka B, Paduch R, Gawron A, Gruszecki WI. Localization and interaction of genistein with model membranes formed with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC). BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2012; 1818:1785-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Revised: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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19
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Xu JX, Zhang Y, Zhang XZ, Ma YY. [Anti-angiogenic effects of genistein on synovium in a rat model of type II collagen-induced arthritis]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 9:186-93. [PMID: 21288455 DOI: 10.3736/jcim20110212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the anti-angiogenic effects of genistein on synovium in a rat model of type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). METHODS Forty SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, genistein group, methotrexate (MTX) group and Gen plus MTX group with 8 rats in each group. Arthritis in rats was induced by subcutaneous injection of type II collagen combined with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA). On the second day after the injection, 1 mL of suspension liquid of genistein (30 mg/kg body weight, once daily) and MTX (0.2 mg/kg body weight, once a week) were administered by oral gavage respectively. The rats in normal group and model group were administered with normal saline in the same volume. Synovium of knee joints and peripheral serum were collected from the CIA rats. Microvessel density in synovium (MVD) was detected by immunohistochemical method and serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metallopeptidase (MMP)-1, 2 and 9 levels were detected by using Western blotting. RESULTS Arthritis index score, paw volume of rats in the model group were significantly higher than those in the normal group (P<0.05), which suggested that a model of CIA induced by injection of type II collagen and CFA was successfully constructed. The arthritis index scores of rats in the treatment groups were decreased compared with the model group. The results of Western blotting showed that genistein obviously attenuate the levels of VEGF and MMP-1, 2 and 9 in serum (P<0.05). Immunohistochemical method showed that MVDs in the treatment groups were reduced as compared with the model group. CONCLUSION The expressions of VEGF and MMP-1, 2 and 9 are related to the synovial pannus formation in CIA rats. The anti-angiogenic activity of genistein may correlate to its inhibitory effect on the expressions of VEGF and MMP-1, 2 and 9 in serum of CIA rats; genistein plus MTX are superior to single agents in treating rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-xin Xu
- Department of Hematopathy and Rheumatism, Clinical Medicine College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
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20
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PTEN inhibits proliferation and functions of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts. Mol Cell Biochem 2011; 361:161-8. [PMID: 21989717 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-011-1100-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hypertrophic scar (HS) remains a major problem in plastic surgery. In order to explore the regulative effect of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) on HS, PTEN and AKT expression was detected by reverse transcription PCR, immunohistochemistry and western blot. Adenovirus-mediated PTEN overexpression in cultured hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFBs) and normal skin fibroblasts was also introduced to evaluate its biological function. Our results showed that PTEN expression was significantly decreased in HS whereas p-Akt level was significantly higher in HS compared with normal skin (P < 0.01). Furthermore, we found that adenovirus-mediated PTEN overexpression led to decreased AKT activation, and significantly reduced cell proliferation and collagen synthesis of HSFBs, while increased the apoptosis. Taken together, these data suggest that PTEN inhibits proliferation and function of HSFBs through AKT pathway. Our results reveal a novel biological role for PTEN/AKT pathway in HS and suggest PTEN as a potential therapeutic target for HS treatment.
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Botulinum toxin type a inhibits connective tissue growth factor expression in fibroblasts derived from hypertrophic scar. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2011; 35:802-7. [PMID: 21455826 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-011-9690-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Botulinum toxin type A (BTXA) can inhibit the growth of hypertrophic scars, but the molecular mechanism for this action is unknown. In addition to reducing the tension around the wound by stimulating temporary denervation, a growing body of evidence suggests that BTXA is involved in regulating the cell cycle and decreasing transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expression in the fibroblasts of hypertrophic scars. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a downstream regulator of TGF-β1 function and an independent mediator of scarring and fibrosis. The effects of BTXA on CTGF in hypertrophic scar still are unknown. This study aimed to explore the effect of BTXA on CTGF in fibroblasts derived from hypertrophic scar and to elucidate its actual mechanism further. METHODS Fibroblasts isolated from tissue specimens of hypertrophic scar were treated with BTXA. The difference in proliferation between treated and nontreated fibroblasts was analyzed by flow cytometry. Proteins of CTGF were checked using Western blot in fibroblasts with and without BTXA. RESULTS The proliferation of the fibroblasts treated with BTXA was slower than that of the fibroblasts that had no BTXA treatment (p < 0.01), which showed that BTXA effectively inhibited the growth of fibroblasts. Compared with fibroblasts that received no BTXA treatment, BTXA at 1 U/10(6) cells decreased the expression of CTGF by 49.2% ± 12.5% (p < 0.01), and BTXA at 2.5 U/10(6) cells decreased the expression of CTGF by 56.9% (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION These results suggest that BTXA effectively inhibited the growth of fibroblasts derived from hypertrophic scar and in turn caused a decrease in CTGF protein, providing theoretical support for the application of BTXA to control hypertrophic scarring.
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Doillon CJ, Lehance F, Bordeleau LJ, Laplante-Campbell MP, Drouin R. Modulatory effect of a complex fraction derived from colostrum on fibroblast contractibility and consequences on repair tissue. Int Wound J 2011; 8:280-90. [PMID: 21401885 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-481x.2011.00783.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A complex compound (immune ('IM') fraction) from colostrum-derived whey was investigated for its potential wound healing properties. One of its most intriguing in vitro abilities was to significantly inhibit the contraction of collagen gel while fibroblast density remained as in control gels. This antagonist effect was dose dependent and fibroblasts in these gels did not exhibit any stress fibres. Subsequently, in vivo studies have been conducted in two wound models in guinea pigs. Daily application on full-thickness wounds of a liquid formulation of the IM fraction (first model) significantly delayed wound closure by contraction compared to what normally occurred in control wounds. In another wound model, a gel formulation of the IM fraction was applied on scar tissues, which resulted in a minimised residual scar on 5/8 wounds compared to corresponding wound areas seen prior to treatment. Conversely, most control wounds exhibited scar tissue from which 3/8 resembled hypertrophic scar tissue. Wound tissue treated with IM fraction covered a significantly larger area than in the control wounds, whereas the collagen deposition was unchanged as in the presence of α-smooth muscle actin. Thus, IM fraction may act by modulating the contraction rate and wound remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles J Doillon
- Oncology and Molecular Endocrinology Research Center, CHUL Research Center, CHUQ, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
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Formononetin accelerates wound repair by the regulation of early growth response factor-1 transcription factor through the phosphorylation of the ERK and p38 MAPK pathways. Int Immunopharmacol 2011; 11:46-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2010.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2010] [Revised: 09/30/2010] [Accepted: 10/01/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Yuan-Jing F, Nan-Shan H, Lian X. Genistein synergizes with RNA interference inhibiting survivin for inducing DU-145 of prostate cancer cells to apoptosis. Cancer Lett 2009; 284:189-97. [PMID: 19433345 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2009.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2009] [Revised: 04/15/2009] [Accepted: 04/16/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
To further investigate the effect of a combination of genistein with survivin of RNA interference on the proliferation and apoptosis of DU-145 cells, the effect of genistein on the proliferation of DU-145 cells was detected by the MTT method and cytometry, and the apoptosis of cells was observed with fluorescence microscopy. In order to test combined genistein with transfection of small interfering RNA (siRNA) against survivin, a survivin siRNA plasmid was constructed and transfected into DU-145 cells. Genistein inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of cancerous DU-145 and Hela cells, whereas genistein had minimal effects for normal L-O2 cells. The stable transfected cell lines of DU-145, knockdown survivin by siRNA, displayed stronger apoptotic than untransfected DU-145, the transfected cell of DU-145 treated with genistein demonstrated the inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis significantly; it showed genistein synergistic effect with RNAi in survivin for inhibition of prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yuan-Jing
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
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