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Kim U, Shin YK, Park J, Seol GH. Codonopsis lanceolata Extract Restores Smooth Muscle Vasorelaxation in Rat Carotid Arteries Even under High Extracellular K + Concentrations. Nutrients 2023; 15:3791. [PMID: 37686823 PMCID: PMC10489809 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies showed that Codonopsis lanceolata (CL) has antihypertensive effects. However, to date, no study has examined the effects of CL on vascular tone under a high extracellular K+ concentration ([K+]o). Thus, the present study examined the effect of an extract of Codonopsis lanceolata (ECL) on the vascular tension of rat carotid arteries exposed to high [K+]o. We used myography to investigate the effect of an ECL on the vascular tension of rat carotid arteries exposed to high [K+]o and the underlying mechanism of action. In arteries with intact endothelia, the ECL (250 μg/mL) had no effect on vascular tension in arteries exposed to normal or high [K+]o. In contrast, the ECL significantly increased vasorelaxation in endothelium-impaired arteries exposed to a physiologically normal or high [K+]o compared with control arteries exposed to the same [K+]o conditions in the absence of ECL. This vasorelaxing action was unaffected by a broad-spectrum K+ channel blocker and an ATP-sensitive K+ channel blocker. The ECL significantly inhibited the vasoconstriction induced by Ca2+ influx through voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (VDCCs) but not Ca2+ influx induced via receptor-operated Ca2+ channels or the release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in the vascular smooth muscle. In summary, our study reveals that the ECL acts through VDCCs in vascular smooth muscle to promote the recovery of vasorelaxation even in arteries exposed to high [K+]o in the context of endothelial dysfunction and provides further evidence of the vascular-protective effects of ECL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uihwan Kim
- Department of Basic Nursing Science, College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- FOUR Program of Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health Systems, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - You Kyoung Shin
- Department of Basic Nursing Science, College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jubin Park
- Department of Basic Nursing Science, College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- FOUR Program of Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health Systems, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun Hee Seol
- Department of Basic Nursing Science, College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- FOUR Program of Transdisciplinary Major in Learning Health Systems, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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Gutowska I, Żwierełło W, Piorun K, Skórka-Majewicz M, Maciejewska-Markiewicz D, Kupnicka P, Baranowska-Bosiacka I, Dalewski B, Chlubek D. The Extent of Burn Injury Significantly Affects Serum Micro- and Macroelement Concentrations in Patients on the First Day of Hospitalisation. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204248. [PMID: 36296932 PMCID: PMC9610650 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Burns exceeding 30% of total body surface area (TBSA) result in considerable hypovolemia coupled with the formation and release of inflammatory mediators, leading to subsequent systemic effects known as burn shock. Because of plasma exudation and the associated losses of large quantities of minerals, severe burns can lead to nutritional deficiencies and consequently disrupt homeostasis and metabolism of the entire body. The study group comprised 62 patients, who were divided into 3 groups according to the severity of burns. Serum samples were tested for concentrations of Ca, Mg, Mn, P, K, Zn, Cu, Fe, Se, Na, Cr, Ni, and Al. The mineral concentrations in serum of patients with burn injuries differ significantly from reference values, but this is not affected by the extent of the body burn. There are statistically significant decreases in serum concentrations of elements important for antioxidant protection (Zn, Cu, Se), and significant increases in the concentrations of toxic elements (Al and Ni), which may aggravate the effects associated with the state of burn shock. The Spearman rank correlation analysis did not reveal any statistically significant relationships between the serum concentrations of Mn, Ni, Al, K, Na, P, Mg, Zn, Se, Cr and the affected body surface area and severity of the burn—the values were at the lower end of the reference range. The obtained results indicate that proper nutrition, including elements replenishment, is extremely important in the recovery process of burn patients and time to nutrition is an important factor affecting patient survival after severe burn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Gutowska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 71 Street, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Wojciech Żwierełło
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 71 Street, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Piorun
- West Pomeranian Center of Treating Severe Burns and Plastic Surgery, Niechorska 27 Street, 72-300 Gryfice, Poland
| | - Marta Skórka-Majewicz
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 71 Street, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dominika Maciejewska-Markiewicz
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomic, Pomeranian Medical University, Broniewskiego 24 Street, 71-460 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Patrycja Kupnicka
- Department of Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Street, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
- Department of Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Street, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Bartosz Dalewski
- Department of Dental Prosthetics, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Street, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp. 72 Street, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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Lindner G, Burdmann EA, Clase CM, Hemmelgarn BR, Herzog CA, Małyszko J, Nagahama M, Pecoits-Filho R, Rafique Z, Rossignol P, Singer AJ. Acute hyperkalemia in the emergency department: a summary from a Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes conference. Eur J Emerg Med 2020; 27:329-337. [PMID: 32852924 PMCID: PMC7448835 DOI: 10.1097/mej.0000000000000691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hyperkalemia is a common electrolyte disorder observed in the emergency department. It is often associated with underlying predisposing conditions, such as moderate or severe kidney disease, heart failure, diabetes mellitus, or significant tissue trauma. Additionally, medications, such as inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, potassium-sparing diuretics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, succinylcholine, and digitalis, are associated with hyperkalemia. To this end, Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) convened a conference in 2018 to identify evidence and address controversies on potassium management in kidney disease. This review summarizes the deliberations and clinical guidance for the evaluation and management of acute hyperkalemia in this setting. The toxic effects of hyperkalemia on the cardiac conduction system are potentially lethal. The ECG is a mainstay in managing hyperkalemia. Membrane stabilization by calcium salts and potassium-shifting agents, such as insulin and salbutamol, is the cornerstone in the acute management of hyperkalemia. However, only dialysis, potassium-binding agents, and loop diuretics remove potassium from the body. Frequent reevaluation of potassium concentrations is recommended to assess treatment success and to monitor for recurrence of hyperkalemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Lindner
- Department of Internal and Emergency Medicine, Bürgerspital Solothurn, Solothurn, Switzerland
| | - Emmanuel A. Burdmann
- LIM 12, Division of Nephrology, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Brenda R. Hemmelgarn
- Departments of Community Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Charles A. Herzog
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare/University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jolanta Małyszko
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Internal Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, Poland
| | - Masahiko Nagahama
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Luke’s International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Roberto Pecoits-Filho
- Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil and Arbor Research Collaborative for Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Zubaid Rafique
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Patrick Rossignol
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Centre d’Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique 14-33 and Inserm U1116, CHRU, F-CRIN INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists), Nancy, France
| | - Adam J. Singer
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
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Franco J, Vizcaya D. Availability of secondary healthcare data for conducting pharmacoepidemiology studies in Colombia: A systematic review. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2020; 8:e00661. [PMID: 32965783 PMCID: PMC7510335 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Real-world evidence (RWE) is emerging as a fundamental component of the post-marketing evaluation of medicinal products. Even though the focus on RWE studies has increased in Colombia, the availability of secondary data sources to perform this type of research is not well documented. Thus, we aimed at identifying and characterizing secondary data sources available in Colombia. We performed a systematic literature review on PubMed, EMBASE, and VHL using a combination of controlled vocabulary and keywords for the concepts of electronic health records, epidemiologic studies and Colombia. A total of 323 publications were included. These comprised 123 identified secondary data sources including pharmacy dispensing databases, government datasets, disease registries, insurance databases, and electronic heath records, among others. These data sources were mostly used for cross-sectional studies focused on disease epidemiology in a specific population. Almost all databases (95%) contained demographic information, followed by pharmacological treatment (44%) and diagnostic tests (39%). Even though the database owner was identifiable in 94%, access information was only available in 44% of the articles. Only a pharmacy-dispensing database, local cancer registries, and government databases included a description regarding the quality of the information available. The diversity of databases identified shows that Colombia has a high potential to continue enhancing its RWE strategy. Greater efforts are required to improve data quality and accessibility. The linkage between databases will expand data pooling and integration to boost the translational potential of RWE.
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Yang G, Ge Y, Zha X, Mao H, Wang N, Xing C. Peritoneal dialysis can alleviate the clinical course of hungry bone syndrome after parathyroidectomy in dialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism. Int Urol Nephrol 2019; 51:535-542. [PMID: 30689179 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-019-02076-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE It is unclear whether clinical courses of hungry bone syndrome (HBS) after parathyroidectomy (PTX) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD) patients are different. The present study aimed to investigate the possible differences of postoperative hypocalcemia and hyperkalemia between PD and HD patients. METHODS We performed retrospectively 29 PD patients as the PD group and 169 HD patients as the HD group undergoing successful total PTX with autotransplantation. Calcium supplement after surgery was recorded. Higher levels of serum potassium during and immediately after surgery were recorded as K+d0. K+d3 was recorded as peak pre-dialysis serum potassium level 3 days post-surgery. RESULTS There were 157 (92.90%) patients in HD group and 22 (75.86%) patients in PD group suffered from HBS after surgery, with significant difference between the groups (P = 0.004). Patients in PD group had significantly shorter intravenous calcium supplement duration (P = 0.037) and significantly smaller intravenous calcium supplement dosage (P = 0.042) and total calcium supplement dosage during hospitalization (P = 0.012) than patients in HD group. The levels of serum K+d0 (P < 0.001) and K+d3 (P < 0.001) were both significantly lower in PD group than those in HD group. Peritoneal dialysis was one of the independent influencing factors with negative correlation for calcium supplement, serum K+d0 and serum K+d3. CONCLUSIONS Compared with HD patients, the clinical course of HBS after PTX in PD patients was alleviated. Efforts should be devoted to individual perioperative management for PD patients undergoing PTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300# Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yifei Ge
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300# Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaoming Zha
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huijuan Mao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300# Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ningning Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300# Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Changying Xing
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300# Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China.
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