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Park SC, Lee YS, Cho KA, Kim SY, Lee YI, Lee SR, Lim IK. What matters in aging is signaling for responsiveness. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 252:108560. [PMID: 37952903 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Biological responsiveness refers to the capacity of living organisms to adapt to changes in both their internal and external environments through physiological and behavioral mechanisms. One of the prominent aspects of aging is the decline in this responsiveness, which can lead to a deterioration in the processes required for maintenance, survival, and growth. The vital link between physiological responsiveness and the essential life processes lies within the signaling systems. To devise effective strategies for controlling the aging process, a comprehensive reevaluation of this connecting loop is imperative. This review aims to explore the impact of aging on signaling systems responsible for responsiveness and introduce a novel perspective on intervening in the aging process by restoring the compromised responsiveness. These innovative mechanistic approaches for modulating altered responsiveness hold the potential to illuminate the development of action plans aimed at controlling the aging process and treating age-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Chul Park
- The Future Life & Society Research Center, Advanced Institute of Aging Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Sam Lee
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; Well Aging Research Center, Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung A Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Jeollanam-do 58128, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Il Lee
- Well Aging Research Center, Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Engineering Major, Department of Interdisciplinary Studies, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Rock Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Jeollanam-do 58128, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Aging and Geriatrics, Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea
| | - In Kyoung Lim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
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Zheng S, Li L, Li N, Du Y, Zhang N. 1, 6-O, O-Diacetylbritannilactone from Inula britannica Induces Anti-Tumor Effect on Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma via miR-1247-3p/LXRα/ABCA1 Signaling. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:11097-11109. [PMID: 33149621 PMCID: PMC7605651 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s263014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent malignancy affecting the oral cavity and is associated with severe morbidity and high mortality. 1, 6-O, O-Diacetylbritannilactone (OODBL) isolated from the medicinal herb of Inula britannica has various biological activities such as anti-inflammation and anti-cancer. However, the effect of OODBL on OSCC progression remains unclear. Here, we were interested in the function of OODBL in the development of OSCC. Methods The effect of OODBL on OSCC progression was analyzed by MTT assays, colony formation assays, transwell assays, apoptosis analysis, cell cycle analysis, and in vivo tumorigenicity analysis. The mechanism investigation was performed by qPCR assays, Western blot analysis, and luciferase reporter gene assays. Results We found that OODBL inhibits the proliferation of OSCC cells in vitro. Moreover, the migration and invasion were attenuated by OODBL treatment in the OSCC cells. OODBL arrested cells at the G0/G1 phase and induced cell apoptosis. OODBL was able to up-regulate the expression of LXRα, ABCA1, and ABCG1 in the system. In addition, OODBL activated LXRα/ABCA1 signaling by targeting miR-1247-3p. Furthermore, the expression levels of cytochrome c in the cytoplasm, cleaved caspase-9, and cleaved caspase-3 were dose-dependently reduced by OODBL. Besides, OODBL increased the expression ratio of Bax to Bcl-2. Moreover, OODBL repressed tumor growth of OSCC cells in vivo. Discussion Thus, we conclude that OODBL inhibits OSCC progression by modulating miR-1247-3p/LXRα/ABCA1 signaling. Our finding provides new insights into the mechanism by which OODBL exerts potent anti-tumor activity against OSCC. OODBL may be a potential anti-tumor candidate, providing a novel clinical treatment strategy of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an City, Shanxi Province, 710061, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Li
- Department of Stomatology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan Province, 637000, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Stomatology, Xi'an Shiyou University Hospital, Xi'an City, Shanxi Province, 710065, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Du
- Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan City, Shandong Province 250001, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian City, Shanxi Province 710061, People's Republic of China
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Abdel-Megeed RM, Abd El-Alim SH, Arafa AF, Matloub AA, Farrag AERH, Darwish AB, Abdel- Hamid AHZ, Kadry MO. Crosslink among phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/Akt, PTEN and STAT-5A signaling pathways post liposomal galactomannan hepatocellular carcinoma therapy. Toxicol Rep 2020; 7:1531-1541. [PMID: 33251120 PMCID: PMC7683274 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2020.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Liposomal drug-delivery systems (LDDs) provide a promising opportunity to precisely target organs, improve drug bioavailability and reduce systemic toxicity. On the other hand, PI3K/Akt signaling pathways control various intracellular functions including apoptosis, invasion and cell growth. Hyper activation of PI3K and Akt is detected in some types of cancer that posses defect in PTEN. Tracking the crosstalk between PI3K/Akt, PTEN and STAT 5A signaling pathways, in cancer could result in identifying new therapeutic agents. The current study, identified an over view on PI3K/Akt, PTEN and STAT-5A networks, in addition to their biological roles in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the current study galactomannan was extracted from Caesalpinia gilliesii seeds then loaded in liposomes. Liposomes were prepared employing phosphatidyl choline and different concentrations of cholesterol. HCC was then induced in Wistar albino rats followed by liposomal galactomannan (700 ± 100 nm) treatment. Liver enzymes as well as antioxidants were assessed and PI3K/Akt, PTEN and STAT-5A gene expression were investigated. The prepared vesicles revealed entrapment efficiencies ranging from 23.55 to 69.17%, and negative zeta potential values. The optimum formulation revealed spherical morphology as well as diffusion controlled in vitro release pattern. Liposomal galactomannan elucidated a significant reduction in liver enzymes and MDA as well as PI3K/Akt, PTEN and STAT 5A gene expression. A significant elevation in GST and GSH were deduced. In conclusion, Liposomal galactomannan revealed a promising candidate for HCC therapy.
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Key Words
- AFP, α-fetoprotein
- ALP, alkaline phasphatase
- ALT, alanine aminotransferase
- AST, aspartate aminotransferase
- Akt, serine/threonine kinase
- Bad, Bcl-2-associated death promoter
- C. gilliesii, Caesalpinia gilliesii
- CCl4, carbon tetrachloride
- DDs, drug-delivery systems
- DEN, diethylnitrosamine
- FOXO1, fork-head box protein O1
- GM, galactomannan
- GSH, glutathione
- GSK3, glycogen synthase kinase
- GST, glutathione S-transferase
- HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma
- Hepatocellular carcinoma
- LDDs, liposomal drug-delivery systems
- LPs, liposomes
- Liposomal galactomannan
- PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase
- PI3K/Akt
- PIP2, phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate
- PIP3, phosphatidylinositol trisphosphate
- PTEN
- PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homolog
- STAT 5A
- STAT-5A, signal transducer and activator of transcription-5A
- TEM, transmission electron microscopy
- VS, vesicle size
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab M. Abdel-Megeed
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Cairo, 12622, Egypt
- Corresponding author at: Therapeutic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth Street, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Sameh H. Abd El-Alim
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Azza F. Arafa
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Azza A. Matloub
- Pharmacognosy D Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | | | - Asmaa B. Darwish
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | | | - Mai O. Kadry
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, El-Buhouth St., Cairo, 12622, Egypt
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Unique protein expression signatures of survival time in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma through a pan-cancer screening. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:678. [PMID: 28984208 PMCID: PMC5629613 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-4026-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In 2016, it is estimated that there will be 62,700 new cases of kidney cancer in the United States, and 14,240 patients will die from the disease. Because the incidence of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), the most common type of kidney cancer, is expected to continue to increase in the US, there is an urgent need to find effective diagnostic biomarkers for KIRC that could help earlier detection of and customized treatment strategies for the disease. Accordingly, in this study we systematically investigated KIRC’s prognostic biomarkers for survival using the reverse phase protein array (RPPA) data and the high throughput sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Results With comprehensive data available in TCGA, we systematically screened protein expression based survival biomarkers in 10 major cancer types, among which KIRC presented many protein prognostic biomarkers of survival time. This is in agreement with a previous report that expression level changes (mRNAs, microRNA and protein) may have a better performance for prognosis of KIRC. In this study, we also identified 52 prognostic genes for KIRC, many of which are involved in cell-cycle and cancer signaling, as well as 15 tumor-stage-specific prognostic biomarkers. Notably, we found fewer prognostic biomarkers for early-stage than for late-stage KIRC. Four biomarkers (the RPPA protein IDs: FASN, ACC1, Cyclin_B1 and Rad51) were found to be prognostic for survival based on both protein and mRNA expression data. Conclusions Through pan-cancer screening, we found that many protein biomarkers were prognostic for patients’ survival in KIRC. Stage-specific survival biomarkers in KIRC were also identified. Our study indicated that these protein biomarkers might have potential clinical value in terms of predicting survival in KIRC patients and developing individualized treatment strategies. Importantly, we found many biomarkers in KIRC at both the mRNA expression level and the protein expression level. These biomarkers shared a significant overlap, indicating that they were technically replicable. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-017-4026-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Systematic identification of an integrative network module during senescence from time-series gene expression. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2017; 11:36. [PMID: 28298218 PMCID: PMC5353876 DOI: 10.1186/s12918-017-0417-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Cellular senescence irreversibly arrests growth of human diploid cells. In addition, recent studies have indicated that senescence is a multi-step evolving process related to important complex biological processes. Most studies analyzed only the genes and their functions representing each senescence phase without considering gene-level interactions and continuously perturbed genes. It is necessary to reveal the genotypic mechanism inferred by affected genes and their interaction underlying the senescence process. Results We suggested a novel computational approach to identify an integrative network which profiles an underlying genotypic signature from time-series gene expression data. The relatively perturbed genes were selected for each time point based on the proposed scoring measure denominated as perturbation scores. Then, the selected genes were integrated with protein-protein interactions to construct time point specific network. From these constructed networks, the conserved edges across time point were extracted for the common network and statistical test was performed to demonstrate that the network could explain the phenotypic alteration. As a result, it was confirmed that the difference of average perturbation scores of common networks at both two time points could explain the phenotypic alteration. We also performed functional enrichment on the common network and identified high association with phenotypic alteration. Remarkably, we observed that the identified cell cycle specific common network played an important role in replicative senescence as a key regulator. Conclusions Heretofore, the network analysis from time series gene expression data has been focused on what topological structure was changed over time point. Conversely, we focused on the conserved structure but its context was changed in course of time and showed it was available to explain the phenotypic changes. We expect that the proposed method will help to elucidate the biological mechanism unrevealed by the existing approaches. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12918-017-0417-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Zhu G, He Y, Yang S, Chen B, Zhou M, Xu XJ. Identification of Gene and MicroRNA Signatures for Oral Cancer Developed from Oral Leukoplakia. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:841956. [PMID: 26064958 PMCID: PMC4433644 DOI: 10.1155/2015/841956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In clinic, oral leukoplakia (OLK) may develop into oral cancer. However, the mechanism underlying this transformation is still unclear. In this work, we present a new pipeline to identify oral cancer related genes and microRNAs (miRNAs) by integrating both gene and miRNA expression profiles. In particular, we find some network modules as well as their miRNA regulators that play important roles in the development of OLK to oral cancer. Among these network modules, 91.67% of genes and 37.5% of miRNAs have been previously reported to be related to oral cancer in literature. The promising results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Zhu
- Department of Mathematics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yuan He
- Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Science and Translational Medicine, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Middle Yanchang Road 399, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Shaofang Yang
- Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Science and Translational Medicine, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Middle Yanchang Road 399, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Beimin Chen
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Middle Yanchang Road 30, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Science and Translational Medicine, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Middle Yanchang Road 399, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Xin-Jian Xu
- Department of Mathematics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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Fu X, Feng Y. QKI-5 suppresses cyclin D1 expression and proliferation of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells via MAPK signalling pathway. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2014; 44:562-7. [PMID: 25457822 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most frequently occurring malignancies in the world. The RNA-binding protein quaking (QKI) is a newly identified tumour suppressor in multiple cancers, but its role in OSCC is currently unknown. The purpose of the present study was to clarify the relationship between QKI expression and OSCC development. We found QKI-5 expression to be significantly decreased in the oral cancer cell line CAL-27. QKI-5 overexpression also reduced the proliferation of CAL-27 cells, which correlated with cyclin D1. This regulative function of QKI-5 occurs by modulating the phosphorylation level of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Therefore this study shows that underexpression of tumour suppressor QKI-5 could activate the MAPK pathway and contribute to uncontrolled cyclin D1 expression, thus resulting in increased proliferation of oral cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Fu
- Department of Orthodontics, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Y Feng
- Department of Orthodontics, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Yedida GR, Nagini S, Mishra R. The importance of oncogenic transcription factors for oral cancer pathogenesis and treatment. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2013; 116:179-88. [PMID: 23619350 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2013.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Revised: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Current experimental evidence shows that most important risk factors for oral cancer include tobacco use and excessive alcohol consumption and less well-defined risks include viral infection and a diet deficient in antioxidants. The positive correlation between various risk/etiologic factors of oral cancer and the activation of various transcription factors (TFs) has been reported in the literature. Although initially, TFs were considered to be very difficult targets for use in clinical treatment, recent technological advances have provided the ability to control these factors of cancer progression. This review focuses on the role of oncogenic transcription factors in oral cancer, their modes of activation through various biological pathways, the promises and pitfalls in viewing them as potent oncotargets, the way they can be controlled based on the current understanding, and the future research to be done in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govinda Raju Yedida
- Centre for Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
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Dasgupta S, Dash R, Das SK, Sarkar D, Fisher PB. Emerging strategies for the early detection and prevention of head and neck squamous cell cancer. J Cell Physiol 2012; 227:467-73. [PMID: 21465466 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Despite significant improvements in therapeutic protocols, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains a major health problem worldwide. The 5-year post-therapeutic survival rate is among the lowest of the major cancers with loco-regional relapse being the main cause of death. Moreover, in most instances, the quality of life of the afflicted patient is severely compromised. The poor prognosis for HNSCC is primarily due to disease detection at advanced stages. Accordingly, development of early detection and preventive strategies are essential. Recent advances in our understanding of the molecular biology and etiology of HNSCC should facilitate development of improved intervention and therapeutic approaches. The present review discusses the potential role of such factors for developing preventive and early diagnostic strategies for HNSCC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Dasgupta
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, VCU Massey Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, USA.
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Macha MA, Matta A, Chauhan SS, Siu KWM, Ralhan R. Guggulsterone targets smokeless tobacco induced PI3K/Akt pathway in head and neck cancer cells. PLoS One 2011; 6:e14728. [PMID: 21383988 PMCID: PMC3044714 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0014728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2010] [Accepted: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Epidemiological association of head and neck cancer with smokeless tobacco (ST) emphasizes the need to unravel the molecular mechanisms implicated in cancer development, and identify pharmacologically safe agents for early intervention and prevention of disease recurrence. Guggulsterone (GS), a biosafe nutraceutical, inhibits the PI3K/Akt pathway that plays a critical role in HNSCC development. However, the potential of GS to suppress ST and nicotine (major component of ST) induced HNSCC remains unexplored. We hypothesized GS can abrogate the effects of ST and nicotine on apoptosis in HNSCC cells, in part by activation of PI3K/Akt pathway and its downstream targets, Bax and Bad. Methods and Results Our results showed ST and nicotine treatment resulted in activation of PI3K, PDK1, Akt, and its downstream proteins - Raf, GSK3β and pS6 while GS induced a time dependent decrease in activation of PI3K/Akt pathway. ST and nicotine treatment also resulted in induction of Bad and Bax phosphorylation, increased the association of Bad with 14-3-3ζresulting in its sequestration in the cytoplasm of head and neck cancer cells, thus blocking its pro-apoptotic function. Notably, GS pre-treatment inhibited ST/nicotine induced activation of PI3K/Akt pathway, and inhibited the Akt mediated phosphorylation of Bax and Bad. Conclusions In conclusion, GS treatment not only inhibited proliferation, but also induced apoptosis by abrogating the effects of ST / nicotine on PI3K/Akt pathway in head and neck cancer cells. These findings provide a rationale for designing future studies to evaluate the chemopreventive potential of GS in ST / nicotine associated head and neck cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzafar A. Macha
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ajay Matta
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Research In Mass Spectrometry, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shyam Singh Chauhan
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - K. W. Michael Siu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Research In Mass Spectrometry, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ranju Ralhan
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Research In Mass Spectrometry, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Alex and Simona Shnaider Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Joseph and Mildred Sonshine Family Centre for Head & Neck Diseases, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Joseph & Wolf Lebovic Health Complex, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Mishra R, Das BR. Cyclin D1 expression and its possible regulation in chewing tobacco mediated oral squamous cell carcinoma progression. Arch Oral Biol 2009; 54:917-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2009.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2009] [Revised: 07/15/2009] [Accepted: 07/16/2009] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Molinolo AA, Amornphimoltham P, Squarize CH, Castilho RM, Patel V, Gutkind JS. Dysregulated molecular networks in head and neck carcinogenesis. Oral Oncol 2009; 45:324-34. [PMID: 18805044 PMCID: PMC2743485 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2008.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Multiple genetic and epigenetic events, including the aberrant expression and function of molecules regulating cell signaling, growth, survival, motility, angiogenesis, and cell cycle control, underlie the progressive acquisition of a malignant phenotype in squamous carcinomas of the head and neck (HNSCC). In this regard, there has been a recent explosion in our understanding on how extracellular components, cell surface molecules, and a myriad of intracellular proteins and second messenger systems interact with each other, and are organized in pathways and networks to control cellular and tissue functions and cell fate decisions. This emerging ability to understand the basic mechanism controlling inter- and intra-cellular communication has provided an unprecedented opportunity to understand how their dysregulation contributes to the growth and dissemination of human cancers. Here, we will discuss the emerging information on how the use of modern technologies, including gene array and proteomic studies, combined with the molecular dissection of aberrant signaling networks, including the EGFR, ras, NFkappaB, Stat, Wnt/beta-catenin, TGF-beta, and PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathways, can help elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying HNSCC progression. Ultimately, we can envision that this knowledge may provide tremendous opportunities for the diagnosis of premalignant squamous lesions, and for the development of novel molecular-targeted strategies for the prevention and treatment of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo A. Molinolo
- Oral & Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Craniofacial and Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Panomwat Amornphimoltham
- Oral & Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Craniofacial and Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Cristiane H. Squarize
- Oral & Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Craniofacial and Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Rogerio M. Castilho
- Oral & Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Craniofacial and Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Vyomesh Patel
- Oral & Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Craniofacial and Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - J. Silvio Gutkind
- Oral & Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Craniofacial and Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
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Brown S, Zeidler MP. Unphosphorylated STATs go nuclear. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2008; 18:455-60. [PMID: 18840523 DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2008.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2008] [Revised: 08/22/2008] [Accepted: 09/05/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The JAK/STAT signal transduction pathway has traditionally been viewed as a cytokine-stimulated activator of gene expression consisting of a straightforward receptor/JAK kinase/STAT transcription factor cascade. Recent studies in Drosophila, have, however consistently identified a range of chromatin-remodelling factors as regulators of in vivo JAK/STAT signalling. Now, the detailed analysis of one of these, heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1), has provided an insight into an unexpected non-canonical in vivo role for STAT. In this model, unphosphorylated STATs associate with and maintain the stability of transcriptionally repressed heterochromatin--an effect countered by the recruitment of STAT to the canonical pathway. We examine the background of this new model and its implications for JAK/STAT pathway requirements in stem cell maintenance and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Brown
- Faculty of Life Science, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
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