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Horst EN, Bregenzer ME, Mehta P, Snyder CS, Repetto T, Yang-Hartwich Y, Mehta G. Personalized models of heterogeneous 3D epithelial tumor microenvironments: Ovarian cancer as a model. Acta Biomater 2021; 132:401-420. [PMID: 33940195 PMCID: PMC8969826 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intractable human diseases such as cancers, are context dependent, unique to both the individual patient and to the specific tumor microenvironment. However, conventional cancer treatments are often nonspecific, targeting global similarities rather than unique drivers. This limits treatment efficacy across heterogeneous patient populations and even at different tumor locations within the same patient. Ultimately, this poor efficacy can lead to adverse clinical outcomes and the development of treatment-resistant relapse. To prevent this and improve outcomes, it is necessary to be selective when choosing a patient's optimal adjuvant treatment. In this review, we posit the use of personalized, tumor-specific models (TSM) as tools to achieve this remarkable feat. First, using ovarian cancer as a model disease, we outline the heterogeneity and complexity of both the cellular and extracellular components in the tumor microenvironment. Then we examine the advantages and disadvantages of contemporary cancer models and the rationale for personalized TSM. We discuss how to generate precision 3D models through careful and detailed analysis of patient biopsies. Finally, we provide clinically relevant applications of these versatile personalized cancer models to highlight their potential impact. These models are ideal for a myriad of fundamental cancer biology and translational studies. Importantly, these approaches can be extended to other carcinomas, facilitating the discovery of new therapeutics that more effectively target the unique aspects of each individual patient's TME. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this article, we have presented the case for the application of biomaterials in developing personalized models of complex diseases such as cancers. TSM could bring about breakthroughs in the promise of precision medicine. The critical components of the diverse tumor microenvironments, that lead to treatment failures, include cellular- and extracellular matrix- heterogeneity, and biophysical signals to the cells. Therefore, we have described these dynamic components of the tumor microenvironments, and have highlighted how contemporary biomaterials can be utilized to create personalized in vitro models of cancers. We have also described the application of the TSM to predict the dynamic patterns of disease progression, and predict effective therapies that can produce durable responses, limit relapses, and treat any minimal residual disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric N Horst
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Michael E Bregenzer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Pooja Mehta
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Catherine S Snyder
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Taylor Repetto
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Yang Yang-Hartwich
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, United States
| | - Geeta Mehta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Macromolecular Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States; Precision Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States.
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2
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Ali AMEA, Ahmed AS, El-Yasergy DF, Abousarie MA, Elsayed RM, Mohammed YE, Mohammed RA. Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells for peripheral artery disease in a rat model of hindlimb ischemia. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 24:805-814. [PMID: 34630958 PMCID: PMC8487602 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2021.55861.12491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mesenchymal stem cells are viewed as the first choice in regenerative medicine. This study aimed to elucidate the influence of BM-MSCs transplantation on angiogenesis in a rat model of unilateral peripheral vascular disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-one rats were arbitrarily allocated into three groups (7/group). Group I: control sham-operated rats, Group II: control ischemic group: Rats were subjected to unilateral surgical ligation of the femoral artery, and Group III: ischemia group: Rats were induced as in group II, 24 hr after ligation, they were intramuscularly injected with BM-MSCs. After scarification, gastrocnemius muscle gene expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), von Willebrand factor (vWF), and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. Muscle regeneration and angiogenesis evaluation was assessed through H&E staining of the tissue. Furthermore, Pax3 and Pax7 nuclear expression was immunohistochemically assessed. RESULTS Rats treated with BM-MSCs showed significantly raised gene expression levels of SDF-1, CXCR4, VEGFR2, and vWF compared with control and ischemia groups. H&E staining of the gastrocnemius showed prominent new vessel formation. Granulation tissue within muscles of the ischemic treated group by BM-MSCs showed cells demonstrating nuclear expression of Pax3 and Pax7. CONCLUSION BM-MSCs transplantation has an ameliorating effect on muscle ischemia through promoting angiogenesis, detected by normal muscle architecture restoration and new blood vessel formations observed by H&E, confirmed by increased gene expression levels of SDF-1, CXCR4, VEGFR2, and vWF, decreased HIF-1α gene expression, and increased myogenic Pax7 gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani M. El Amin Ali
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Amira S. Ahmed
- Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Dina F. El-Yasergy
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Ramadan M. Elsayed
- Department of Medical Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Yasmin E. Mohammed
- Department of Medical Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Rahab A. Mohammed
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
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Bagheri-Mohammadi S, Moradian-Tehrani R, Noureddini M, Alani B. Novel application of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells via producing antiangiogenic factor TSP-1 in lung metastatic melanoma animal model. Biologicals 2020; 68:9-18. [PMID: 33032882 DOI: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAD-MSCS) with suppressive immunogenicity, homing to injury, inflammatory, and cancer sites can be suitable for gene therapy. PiggyBac (PB) is a type of transposon vector applied in mammalian systems and could overcome some limitations of other transposon and viral vectors. In this study, the therapeutic potential hAD-MSCs expressing thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) is assessed through tail vein injection in C57BL/6 models bearing melanoma mice. Twenty days after injection, antiangiogenic effects and number of activated T. cells are assessed by Immunohistochemistry (IHC) method. Apoptosis value is analyzed by tunnel assay. Mice survival and numbers of nodules in mice lungs also are assessed. By western blotting, value of TSP-1, Bax and Bcl2 expression are assessed. The result revealed that hAD-MSCs.TSP-1 can inhibit angiogenesis and induce apoptosis and activated T. cells in a significant manner in C57BL/6 mice models bearing melanoma. Survival also significantly increased and number of nodules decreased, value of Bax and TSP-1 expression increased and value of Bcl2 expression decreased. In conclusion, our result showed that hAD-MSC. TSP-1 can be applied as an effective delivery vehicle in lung metastatic melanoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Bagheri-Mohammadi
- Department of Physiology and Neurophysiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Departments of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Rana Moradian-Tehrani
- Departments of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Noureddini
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Departments of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Behrang Alani
- Departments of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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4
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Wang Q, Li T, Wu W, Ding G. Interplay between mesenchymal stem cell and tumor and potential application. Hum Cell 2020; 33:444-458. [PMID: 32378164 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-020-00369-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess the capabilities of self-renewal and multipotent differentiation. Firstly isolated from bone marrow, MSCs are subsequently identified from various post-natal tissue types. Based the differentiation into tissue-specific cells, MSCs were capable of replacing damaged and diseased tissues. In addition, MSCs have been demonstrated to possess important immunomodulatory properties. Increasing data showed that MSCs exhibited tropism for sites of the tumor microenvironment and interacted with tumor cells closely through paracrine signaling. Therefore, better understanding of crosstalk between MSCs and tumor cells will be able to develop potential strategies in the treatment of tumors in the future. Herein, we summarize the research progress of the influence of MSCs on tumor cells and the prospect of their application in tumor therapy in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- Department of Dentistry, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, 261000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ti Li
- Department of Dentistry, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, 261000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Dentistry, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, 261000, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Ding
- Department of Stomatology, Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Linglongshan South Road No. 4138, Qingzhou, 262500, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Fathi E, Valipour B, Sanaat Z, Nozad Charoudeh H, Farahzadi R. Interleukin-6, -8, and TGF-β Secreted from Mesenchymal Stem Cells Show Functional Role in Reduction of Telomerase Activity of Leukemia Cell Via Wnt5a/β-Catenin and P53 Pathways. Adv Pharm Bull 2020; 10:307-314. [PMID: 32373501 PMCID: PMC7191235 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2020.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on the immortality features of malignant cells, such as hematologic cancerous cells, are controversial, and the associated mechanisms are yet to be well understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the in vitro effect of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) on the chronic myeloid leukemia cell line K562 through telomere length measurements, telomerase activity assessments, and hTERT gene expression. The possible signaling pathways involved in this process, including Wnt-5a/β-catenin and P53, were also evaluated. Methods: Two cell populations (BMSCs and K562 cell line) were co-cultured on transwell plates for 7 days. Next, K562 cells were collected and subjected to quantitative real-time PCR, PCR-ELISA TRAP assay, and the ELISA sandwich technique for telomere length, hTERT gene expression, telomerase activity assay, and cytokine measurement, respectively. Also, the involvement of the mentioned signaling pathways in this process was reported by real-time PCR and Western blotting through gene and protein expression, respectively. Results: The results showed that BMSCs caused significant decreases in telomere length, telomerase activity, and the mRNA level of hTERT as a regulator of telomerase activity. The significant presence of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) was obvious in the co-cultured media. Also, BMSCs significantly decreased and increased the gene and protein expression of β-catenin and P53, respectively. Conclusion: It was concluded that the mentioned effects of IL-6, IL-8, and TGF-β cytokines secreted from MSCs on K562 cells as therapeutic agents were applied by Wnt-5a/β-catenin and P53 pathways
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezzatollah Fathi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behnaz Valipour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zohreh Sanaat
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Raheleh Farahzadi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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6
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Fathi E, Farahzadi R, Valipour B, Sanaat Z. Cytokines secreted from bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells promote apoptosis and change cell cycle distribution of K562 cell line as clinical agent in cell transplantation. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215678. [PMID: 31009502 PMCID: PMC6476492 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are of special interest due their potential clinical use in cell-based therapy. Therapies engaging MSCs are showing increasing promise in the cancer treatment and anticancer drug screening applications. A multitude of growth factors and cytokines secreted from these cells are known to give such multifunctional properties, but details of their role are yet to be absolutely demonstrated. In this study, we have evaluated the influence of BMSCs on K562 cell line as chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells, with the use of a cytokine antibody array recognizing 34 cytokines. For this purpose, BMSCs were isolated and co-cultured with K562 cells; thereafter, cultured K562 alone and co-cultured K562 with BMSCs (10:1) were collected at day 7 and subjected to cell cycle distribution assay as well as annexin/PI analysis and Ki/caspase-3 assay for apoptosis assessment. In the following, the gene and protein expression levels of BAX and BCL-2 as pro- and anti-apoptotic agents were investigated. Furthermore, after 7 days' treatment, culture medium was collected from both control and experimental groups for cytokine antibody array. It was found that BMSCs resulted in a robust increase in the number of cells at G0/G1 phase and arrest the G0/G1 phase as well as significantly inducing late apoptosis in K562 cells. The significant presence of TIMP-1 (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1), and moderate elevated signals for CINC-1 (cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1) were obvious in the co-cultured conditioned media, but no significant increase was found in 32 other cytokines. It is concluded that co-culture of BMSCs with K562 cells could secrete a substantial amount of TIMP-1 and CINC-1. These cytokines could be involved in the inhibition of the K562 cell proliferation via BAX and caspase-3 cascade pathways.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Bone Marrow Cells/cytology
- Bone Marrow Cells/metabolism
- Cell Cycle
- Cells, Cultured
- Chemokine CXCL1/metabolism
- Coculture Techniques
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Humans
- K562 Cells
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/cytology
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism
- Rats
- Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1/metabolism
- bcl-2-Associated X Protein/genetics
- bcl-2-Associated X Protein/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezzatollah Fathi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Raheleh Farahzadi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behnaz Valipour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zohreh Sanaat
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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7
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Jin X, Su R, Li R, Cheng L, Li Z. Crucial role of pro-inflammatory cytokines from respiratory tract upon PM 2.5 exposure in causing the BMSCs differentiation in cells and animals. Oncotarget 2018; 9:1745-1759. [PMID: 29416728 PMCID: PMC5788596 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fine particulate matter exposure may cause health risk, including cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC), a typical model for evaluating pollutant toxicity, has been closely linked to these diseases, due to its characteristics of differentiation. We therefore studied the BMSCs differentiation and its roles in inflammatory activation in the respiratory tract upon PM2.5 exposure using both in vitro and in vivo models. BMSCs differentiation into endothelial-like cells (ELCs) and cancer-associated fibroblasts cells (CAFs) was enhanced in response to conditioned medium from PM2.5-treated 16HBE cells. PM2.5 elevated inflammatory cytokines' expression and secretion in 16HBE cells. However, induction of differentiation markers was reduced when IL-1β, IL-6 and COX-2 neutralizing antibodies were added to the conditioned medium. Furthermore, PM2.5 induced ROS formation and NADPH oxidase (NOX) expression in 16HBE cells. DPI (inhibitor of ROS from NOX) or NAC (inhibitor of ROS) supplement reduced PM2.5-induced inflammatory activation and BMSCs differentiation. Likewise, a concomitant disorder of mitochondrial morphology and respiratory chain was observed. In addition, Rot or AA (inhibitor of mitochondrial complex I or III) supplement restored PM2.5-induced toxic effects. Moreover, the results coincided with the in vitro data obtained from SD rats post-exposed to different doses of PM2.5 for 30 days. PM2.5 enhanced the BMSCs differentiation and inflammatory cytokines' expression in respiratory organs of SD rats, including lung and trachea tissue. This study uncovers that PM2.5 promotes the BMSCs differentiation via inflammatory activation mediated by ROS induction from NOX and mitochondria in the respiratory tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Jin
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ruijun Su
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ruijin Li
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Long Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
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8
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Clement E, Lazar I, Muller C, Nieto L. Obesity and melanoma: could fat be fueling malignancy? Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2017; 30:294-306. [PMID: 28222242 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, it has become increasingly clear that adipose tissue, and particularly adipocytes, contributes to tumor progression. Obesity, an ever-increasing worldwide phenomenon, exacerbates this effect. The influence of obesity on melanoma remains poorly studied, although recent data do underline an association between the two diseases in both humans and murine models. Herein, we review the impact of obesity on melanoma incidence and progression and discuss the underlying mechanisms known to be involved. Adipose tissue favors the proliferation and aggressiveness of melanoma cells through a direct dialog, mediated by soluble factors and by exosomes, and through remodeling of the tumor microenvironment. This knowledge could, in the future, help to design new personalized therapeutic options for obese melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Clement
- Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Ikrame Lazar
- Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Catherine Muller
- Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Laurence Nieto
- Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Toulouse Cedex, France
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9
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Abstract
Cancer development is often associated with chronic inflammation. To date, research into inflammation-induced cancer has largely focused on chemokines, cytokines, and their downstream targets. These inflammatory mediators may promote tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and facilitate angiogenesis. However, the exact mechanisms by which inflammation promotes neoplasia remain unclear. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by recurrent, idiopathic intestinal inflammation, the complications of which are potentially fatal. IBD incidence in Australia is 24.2 per 100,000 and its peak onset is in people aged 15 to 24 years. Symptoms include abdominal pain, cramps, bloody stool, and persistent diarrhoea or constipation and so seriously compromise quality of life. However, due to its unknown etiology, current treatment strategies combat the symptoms rather than the disease and are limited by inefficacy, toxicity, and adverse side-effects. IBD is also associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer, for which treatment options are similarly limited. In recent years, there has been much interest in the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). However, whether MSCs suppress or promote tumor development is still contentious within the literature. Many studies indicate that MSCs exert anti-tumor effects and suppress tumor growth, whereas other studies report pro-tumor effects. Studies using MSCs as treatment for IBD have shown promising results in both animal models and human trials. However, as MSC treatment is still novel, the long-term risks remain unknown. This review aims to summarize the current literature on MSC treatment of inflammation-induced cancer, with a focus on colorectal cancer resulting from IBD.
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10
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Qin Y, Zhang Q, Lee S, Zhong WL, Liu YR, Liu HJ, Zhao D, Chen S, Xiao T, Meng J, Jing XS, Wang J, Sun B, Dai TT, Yang C, Sun T, Zhou HG. Doxycycline reverses epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and suppresses the proliferation and metastasis of lung cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:40667-79. [PMID: 26512779 PMCID: PMC4747360 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The gelatinase inhibitor doxycycline is the prototypical antitumor antibiotic. We investigated the effects of doxycycline on the migration, invasion, and metastasis of human lung cancer cell lines and in a mouse model. We also measured the effect of doxycycline on the transcription of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, and used immunohistochemistry to determine whether EMT reversal was associated with doxycycline inhibition. Doxycycline dose-dependently inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion of NCI-H446 human small cell lung cancer cells. It also suppressed tumor growth from NCI-H446 and A549 lung cancer cell xenografts without altering body weight, inhibited Lewis lung carcinoma cell migration, and prolonged survival. The activities of the transcription factors Twist1/2, SNAI1/2, AP1, NF-κB, and Stat3 were suppressed by doxycycline, which reversed EMT and inhibited signal transduction, thereby suppressing tumor growth and metastasis. Our data demonstrate functional targeting of transcription factors by doxycycline to reverse EMT and suppress tumor proliferation and metastasis. Thus, doxycycline selectively targets malignant tumors and reduces its metastatic potential with less cytotoxicity in lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shan Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei-Long Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan-Rong Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui-Juan Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Dong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ting Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue-Shuang Jing
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Ting-Ting Dai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Tao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong-Gang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin, China
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11
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Karmani L, Levêque P, Bouzin C, Bol A, Dieu M, Walrand S, Vander Borght T, Feron O, Grégoire V, Bonifazi D, Michiels C, Lucas S, Gallez B. Biodistribution of (125)I-labeled anti-endoglin antibody using SPECT/CT imaging: Impact of in vivo deiodination on tumor accumulation in mice. Nucl Med Biol 2016; 43:415-23. [PMID: 27179250 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Radiolabeled antibodies directed against endoglin (CD105) are promising tools for imaging and antiangiogenic cancer therapy. To validate iodinated antibodies as reliable tracers, we investigated the influence of the radiolabeling method (direct or indirect) on their in vivo stability. METHODS Anti-CD105 mAbs were radioiodinated directly using chloramine-T ((125)I-anti-CD105-mAbs) or indirectly using D-KRYRR peptide as a linker ((125)I-KRYRR-anti-CD105-mAbs). The biodistribution was studied in B16 tumor-bearing mice via SPECT/CT imaging. RESULTS Radioiodinated mAbs were stable in vitro. In vivo, thyroid showed the most important increase of uptake after 24h for (125)I-anti-CD105-mAbs (91.9±4.0%ID/ml) versus(125)I-KRYRR-anti-CD105-mAbs (4.4±0.6%ID/ml). Tumor uptake of (125)I-anti-CD105-mAbs (0.9±0.3%ID/ml) was significantly lower than that of (125)I-KRYRR-anti-CD105-mAbs (4.7±0.2%ID/ml). CONCLUSIONS An accurate characterization of the in vivo stability of radioiodinated mAbs and the choice of an appropriate method for the radioiodination are required, especially for novel targets. The indirect radioiodination of internalizing anti-CD105 mAbs leads to more stable tracer by decreasing in vivo deiodination and improves the tumor retention of radioiodinated mAbs. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PATIENT CARE To date, the only antiangiogenic antibody approved for clinical indications is bevacizumab. There is a need to develop more antibodies that have targets highly expressed on tumor endothelium. CD105 represents a promising marker of angiogenesis, but its therapeutic relevance in cancer needs to be further investigated. In this context, this study suggests the potential use of indirectly iodinated anti-CD105 mAbs for tumor imaging and for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Karmani
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group (REMA), Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 73, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe Levêque
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group (REMA), Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 73, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Caroline Bouzin
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics Unit (FATH), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 53, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anne Bol
- Centre for Molecular Imaging, Radiotherapy and Oncology (MIRO), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 54, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marc Dieu
- Unité de Recherche en Biologie Cellulaire (URBC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Stephan Walrand
- Centre for Molecular Imaging, Radiotherapy and Oncology (MIRO), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 54, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thierry Vander Borght
- Centre for Molecular Imaging, Radiotherapy and Oncology (MIRO), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 54, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Feron
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics Unit (FATH), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 53, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Grégoire
- Centre for Molecular Imaging, Radiotherapy and Oncology (MIRO), Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate 54, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Davide Bonifazi
- Namur Research College and Department of Chemistry (NARC), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Carine Michiels
- Unité de Recherche en Biologie Cellulaire (URBC), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Lucas
- Research Centre for the Physics of Matter and Radiation (PMR), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Bernard Gallez
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group (REMA), Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 73, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
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Páll E, Florea A, Soriţău O, Cenariu M, Petruţiu AS, Roman A. Comparative Assessment of Oral Mesenchymal Stem Cells Isolated from Healthy and Diseased Tissues. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2015; 21:1249-1263. [PMID: 26315895 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927615014749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to isolate human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from palatal connective and periodontal granulation tissues and to comparatively evaluate their properties. MSCs were isolated using the explant culture method. Adherence to plastic, specific antigen makeup, multipotent differentiation potential, functionality, and ultrastructural characteristics were investigated. The frequency of colony-forming unit fibroblasts for palatal-derived mesenchymal stem cells (pMSCs) was significantly higher than that of granulation tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (gtMSCs). A significantly higher population doubling time and lower migration potential were recorded for gtMSCs than for pMSCs. Both cell lines were positive for CD105, CD73, CD90, CD44, and CD49f, and negative for CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR, but the level of expression was different. MSCs from both sources were relatively uniform in their ultrastructure. Generally, both cell lines possessed a large, irregular-shaped euchromatic nucleus, and cytoplasm rich in mitochondria, lysosomes, and endoplasmic reticulum. The periphery of the plasma membrane displayed many small filopodia. MSCs from both cell lines were successfully differentiated into osteogenic, adiopogenic, and chondrogenic lineages. Both healthy and diseased tissues may be considered as valuable sources of MSCs for regenerative medicine owing to the high acceptance and fewer complications during harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emöke Páll
- 1Department of Reproduction,Obstetrics and Veterinary Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine,3-5 Mănăştur St.,400372 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Adrian Florea
- 3Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine,"Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy,6 L. Pasteur St.,400349 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Olga Soriţău
- 4Laboratory of Radiotherapy, Tumor and Radiobiology,Prof. Dr. "Ion Chiricuţă" Oncology Institute,34-36 I. Creangă St.,400015 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Mihai Cenariu
- 1Department of Reproduction,Obstetrics and Veterinary Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine,3-5 Mănăştur St.,400372 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Adrian S Petruţiu
- 2Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine,"Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy,15 V. Babeş St.,400012 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
| | - Alexandra Roman
- 2Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine,"Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy,15 V. Babeş St.,400012 Cluj-Napoca,Romania
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Migration mechanism of mesenchymal stem cells studied by QD/NSOM. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2014; 1848:859-68. [PMID: 25534714 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 12/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The migration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) plays a key role in tumor-targeted delivery vehicles and tumor-related stroma formation. However, there so far has been no report on the distribution of cell surface molecules during the VEGF-induced migration of MSCs. Here, we have utilized near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) combined with fluorescent quantum dot (QD)-based nano-technology to capture the functional relationship between CD44 and CD29 adhesion molecules on MSCs and the effect of their spatial rearrangements. Before VEGF-induced migration of MSCs, both CD44 and CD29 formed 200-220 nm nano-domains respectively, with little co-localization between the two types of domains. Surprisingly, the size of the CD44 nano-domain rapidly increased in size to 295 nm and apparently larger aggregates were formed following MSC treatment with VEGF for 10 min, while the area of co-localization increased to 0.327 μm2. Compared with CD44, CD29 was activated obviously later, for the fact that CD29 aggregation didn't appear until 30 min after VEGF treatment. Consistently, its co-localization area increased to 0.917 μm2. The CD44 and CD29 nano-domains further aggregated into larger nano-domains or even formed micro-domains on the membrane of activated MSCs. The aggregation and co-localization of these molecules promoted FAK formation and cytoskeleton rearrangement. All of the above changes induced by VEGF contributed to MSC migration. Taken together, our data of NSOM-based dual color fluorescent imaging demonstrated for the first time that CD44, together with CD29, involved in VEGF-induced migration of MSCs through the interaction between CD44 and its co-receptor of VEGFR-2.
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Karmani L, Bouchat V, Bouzin C, Levêque P, Labar D, Bol A, Deumer G, Marega R, Bonifazi D, Haufroid V, Michiels C, Grégoire V, Feron O, Lucas S, Vander Borght T, Gallez B. (89)Zr-labeled anti-endoglin antibody-targeted gold nanoparticles for imaging cancer: implications for future cancer therapy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2014; 9:1923-37. [PMID: 24547782 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.13.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Antibody-labeled gold nanoparticles represent an attractive tool for cancer imaging and therapy. In this study, the anti-CD105 antibody was conjugated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for the first time. The antibody biodistribution in mice before and after conjugation to AuNPs was studied, with a focus on tumor targeting. MATERIALS & METHODS Antibodies were radiolabeled with 89Zr before conjugation to AuNPs (5 nm). Immunonanoconjugates were characterized in vitro in terms of size, stability in plasma and binding to the target. Quantitative PET imaging and ICP-MS analysis assessed in vivo distribution and specific tumor targeting of tracers. RESULTS The tumor uptake of immunoconjugates was preserved up to 24 h after injection, with high tumor contrast and selective tumor targeting. No major tracer accumulation was observed over time in nonspecific organs. ICP-MS analysis confirmed the antibody specificity after nanoparticle conjugation. CONCLUSION The anti-CD105 antibody conjugation to AuNPs did not greatly affect CD105-dependent tumor uptake and the efficacy of tumor targeting for cancer detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Karmani
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Group (REMA), Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 73, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
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Muñoz R, Arias Y, Ferreras JM, Jiménez P, Langa C, Rojo MA, Gayoso MJ, Córdoba-Díaz D, Bernabéu C, Girbés T. In vitro and in vivo effects of an anti-mouse endoglin (CD105)-immunotoxin on the early stages of mouse B16MEL4A5 melanoma tumours. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2013; 62:541-51. [PMID: 23076642 PMCID: PMC11029560 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-012-1357-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
TGF-beta superfamily co-receptors are emerging as targets for cancer therapy, acting both directly on cells and indirectly on the tumour neovasculature. Endoglin (CD105), an accessory component of the TGF-beta receptor complex, is expressed in certain melanoma cell lines and the endothelial cells of tumour neovessels. Targeting endoglin with immunotoxins is an attractive approach for actively suppressing the blood supply to tumours. Here, we report evidence indicating that endoglin is expressed in mouse melanoma B16MEL4A5 and mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines. We prepared an immunotoxin to target endoglin by coupling the rat anti-mouse MJ7/18 (IgG2a) monoclonal antibody (mAb) to the non-toxic type 2 ribosome-inactivating protein nigrin b (Ngb) with N-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio)-propionate (SPDP) as a linker with a molar nigrin b at a MJ7/18 stoichiometry of 2:1. The MJ7-Ngb immunotoxin generated killed both cell lines, with IC50 values of 4.2 × 10(-9) M for B16MEL4A5 and 7.7 × 10(-11) M for L929 cells. For in vivo assays of the immunotoxin, B16MEL4A5 cells were injected subcutaneously into the right flanks of 6-week-old C57BL/6 J mice. When the animals developed palpable solid tumours, they were subjected to treatment with the immunotoxin. While treatment with either MJ7/18 mAb or Ngb did not affect tumour development, treatment with the immunotoxin completely and steadily blocked tumour growth up to 7 days, after which some tumours re-grew. Thus, vascular-targeting therapy with this anti-vascular immunotoxin could promote the destruction of newly created tumour vessels at early stages of B16MEL4A5 tumour development and readily accessible CD105+ B16MEL4A5 melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Muñoz
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Yolanda Arias
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - José Miguel Ferreras
- Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Pilar Jiménez
- Nutrición y Bromatología-Facultad de Medicina y Centro de Investigación en Nutrición, Alimentación y Dietética (CINAD), Universidad de Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Carmen Langa
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Angeles Rojo
- Escuela Politécnica, Universidad Europea Miguel de Cervantes, 47012 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Manuel José Gayoso
- Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Biología Celular, Histología y Farmacología, Universidad de Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Damián Córdoba-Díaz
- Facultad de Farmacia, Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmelo Bernabéu
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tomás Girbés
- Nutrición y Bromatología-Facultad de Medicina y Centro de Investigación en Nutrición, Alimentación y Dietética (CINAD), Universidad de Valladolid, 47005 Valladolid, Spain
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Promoting melanoma growth and metastasis by enhancing VEGF expression. Contemp Oncol (Pozn) 2013; 16:526-31. [PMID: 23788940 PMCID: PMC3687460 DOI: 10.5114/wo.2012.32486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2012] [Revised: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis plays an essential role in tumor growth and metastasis and is a promising target for cancer therapy. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key regulator of angiogenesis. The present study was designed to determine the role of VEGF in tumor growth and metastasis. The sequences for the VEGF gene were cloned into expression plasmids and then transfected into melanoma B16 cells. Overexpression of VEGF transfected with expression plasmids or given exogenous VEGF and epidermal growth factor (EGF) significantly enhanced tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Tumor growth and metastasis of melanoma B16 cells transfected with VEGF plasmid were significantly promoted compared with those of cells administered with exogenous VEGF or EGF. These results indicated that VEGF can be an effective antiangiogenic strategy for melanoma.
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Components in melanoma cytoplasm might induce murine BMSCs transformation and expression of Melan-A. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 31:663. [PMID: 22038357 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-011-0578-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
This study explored the possibility that the components in melanoma cytoplasm induce murine BMSCs transformation and expression of Melan-A by morphologically observing the changes of BMSCs and immunocytochemically detecting Melan-A in the cells after culturing BMSCs in medium containing melanoma cytoplasm components (MCC). MCC of B16 melanoma cells was prepared and BMSCs were cultured and induced by adding the MCC into culture medium. The cells were morphologically observed and Melan-A was immunohistochemically detected to confirm BMSCs transformation. MCC-induced BMSCs underwent morphological changes. A number of melanin granules appeared in the cytoplasm of the cells and some were released into surrounding areas. Several cells that might come from one cell formed a cluster, and their granules, together with those secreted by other induced BMSCs, formed a so-called "sphere-formed structure". The induced BMSCs expressed Melan-A. We are led to conclude that there might be some factors in the cytoplasm of melanoma cells that might induce BMSCs transformation toward melanogenic cell, or even melanoma.
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Liu D, Liu F, Liu Z, Wang L, Zhang N. Tumor Specific Delivery and Therapy by Double-Targeted Nanostructured Lipid Carriers with Anti-VEGFR-2 Antibody. Mol Pharm 2011; 8:2291-301. [DOI: 10.1021/mp200402e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Donghua Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Ji’nan 250012, China
| | - Fengxi Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Ji’nan 250012, China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Ji’nan 250012, China
| | - Lili Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Ji’nan 250012, China
| | - Na Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Ji’nan 250012, China
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Tian LLH, Yue W, Zhu F, Li S, Li W, Li W. Human mesenchymal stem cells play a dual role on tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo. J Cell Physiol 2011; 226:1860-7. [PMID: 21442622 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, some evidences demonstrate that human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) favor tumor growth; however, others show that hMSCs can suppress tumorigenesis and tumor growth. With the indeterminateness of the effect of hMSCs on tumors, we investigated the effect of hMSCs on lung cancer cell line A549 and esophageal cancer cell line Eca-109 in vitro and in vivo. Our results revealed that hMSCs inhibited the proliferation and invasion of A549 and Eca-109 cells, arrested tumor cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and induced the apoptosis of tumor cells in vitro by using a co-culture system and the hMSCs-conditioned medium. However, animal study showed that hMSCs enhanced tumor formation and growth in vivo. Western blotting and immunoprecipitation data showed that the expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Cyclin E, phospho-retinoblastoma protein (pRb), B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-xL, and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) were downregulated and the formation of Cyclin E-cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) complexes was inhibited in the tumor cells treated with the hMSCs-conditioned medium. According to the observation of tumor mass and the result of microvessel density (MVD), we found that the promoting role of hMSCs on tumor growth was related with the increase of tumor vessel formation. Our present study suggests that hMSCs have a contradictory effect on tumor cell growth between in vitro and in vivo, and therefore, the exploitation of hMSCs in new therapeutic strategies should be cautious under the malignant conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li Hui Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, PR China.
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Zhang W, Peng X, Cheng T, Zhang X. Vascular endothelial growth factor gene silencing suppresses wear debris-induced inflammation. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2011; 35:1883-8. [PMID: 21475978 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-011-1252-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2011] [Accepted: 03/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aseptic loosening is the most common complication of total joint replacement, which most likely results from an inflammatory response to wear debris shed from the implant. In this study we aimed to investigate whether the lentivirus-mediated microRNA (miRNA) targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) could inhibit wear debris-induced inflammation in a murine model. METHODS Titanium alloy particles were introduced into established air pouches on BALB/c mice, followed by implantation of calvarial bone from a syngeneic mouse. After treatment by locally delivered lentivirus-mediated VEGF miRNA, inflammatory tissues were collected for histology and molecular analysis. RESULTS We found that (1) locally delivered miRNA inhibited titanium alloy particle-induced tissue inflammation, including the diminished pouch membrane thickness and reduced inflammatory cellular infiltration and that (2) locally delivered miRNA inhibited expressions of the inflammatory cytokines VEGF, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that local VEGF inhibition might be a promising therapeutic candidate to alleviate particle-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Sixth Affiliated People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Liu X, Sun H, Yan D, Zhang L, Lv X, Liu T, Zhang W, Liu W, Cao Y, Zhou G. In vivo ectopic chondrogenesis of BMSCs directed by mature chondrocytes. Biomaterials 2010; 31:9406-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2010] [Accepted: 08/23/2010] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Berretta R, Moscato P. Cancer biomarker discovery: the entropic hallmark. PLoS One 2010; 5:e12262. [PMID: 20805891 PMCID: PMC2923618 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0012262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2009] [Accepted: 06/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is a commonly accepted belief that cancer cells modify their transcriptional state during the progression of the disease. We propose that the progression of cancer cells towards malignant phenotypes can be efficiently tracked using high-throughput technologies that follow the gradual changes observed in the gene expression profiles by employing Shannon's mathematical theory of communication. Methods based on Information Theory can then quantify the divergence of cancer cells' transcriptional profiles from those of normally appearing cells of the originating tissues. The relevance of the proposed methods can be evaluated using microarray datasets available in the public domain but the method is in principle applicable to other high-throughput methods. Methodology/Principal Findings Using melanoma and prostate cancer datasets we illustrate how it is possible to employ Shannon Entropy and the Jensen-Shannon divergence to trace the transcriptional changes progression of the disease. We establish how the variations of these two measures correlate with established biomarkers of cancer progression. The Information Theory measures allow us to identify novel biomarkers for both progressive and relatively more sudden transcriptional changes leading to malignant phenotypes. At the same time, the methodology was able to validate a large number of genes and processes that seem to be implicated in the progression of melanoma and prostate cancer. Conclusions/Significance We thus present a quantitative guiding rule, a new unifying hallmark of cancer: the cancer cell's transcriptome changes lead to measurable observed transitions of Normalized Shannon Entropy values (as measured by high-througput technologies). At the same time, tumor cells increment their divergence from the normal tissue profile increasing their disorder via creation of states that we might not directly measure. This unifying hallmark allows, via the the Jensen-Shannon divergence, to identify the arrow of time of the processes from the gene expression profiles, and helps to map the phenotypical and molecular hallmarks of specific cancer subtypes. The deep mathematical basis of the approach allows us to suggest that this principle is, hopefully, of general applicability for other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Berretta
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Biomarker Discovery and Information-Based Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Information Based Medicine Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Pablo Moscato
- Centre for Bioinformatics, Biomarker Discovery and Information-Based Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Information Based Medicine Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Bioinformatics, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- * E-mail:
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Kucerova L, Matuskova M, Hlubinova K, Altanerova V, Altaner C. Tumor cell behaviour modulation by mesenchymal stromal cells. Mol Cancer 2010; 9:129. [PMID: 20509882 PMCID: PMC2890609 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-9-129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2009] [Accepted: 05/28/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) hold a promise for future cell-based therapies due to their immunomodulatory properties and/or secretory activity. Nevertheless non-neoplastic tumor compartment could also originate from MSC. We aimed to show whether multipotent MSC derived from human adipose tissue (AT-MSC) could create tumor cell-protective milieu and affect tumor cell behaviour in vitro and in vivo. Results Here we have demonstrated tumor-promoting effect of AT-MSC on human melanoma A375 cells. AT-MSC coinjection mediated abrogation of tumor latency and supported subcutaneous xenotransplant growth from very low melanoma cell doses. Tumor incidence was also significantly increased by AT-MSC-derived soluble factors. AT-MSC supported proliferation, suppressed apoptosis and modulated melanoma cell responses to cytotoxic drugs in vitro. Expression and multiplex cytokine assays confirmed synergistic increase in VEGF that contributed to the AT-MSC-mediated support of A375 xenotransplant growth. Production of G-CSF and other factors implicated in formation of supportive proinflammatory tumor cell microenvironment was also confirmed. SDF-1α/CXCR4 signalling contributed to tumor-promoting effect of systemic AT-MSC administration on A375 xenotransplants. However, no support was observed for human glioblastoma cells 8MGBA co-injected along with AT-MSC that did not sustain tumor xenotransplant growth in vivo. Tumor-inhibiting response could be attributed to the synergistic action of multiple cytokines produced by AT-MSC on glioblastoma cells. Conclusions Herein we provide experimental evidence for MSC-mediated protective effect on melanoma A375 cells under nutrient-limiting and hostile environmental conditions resulting from mutual crosstalk between neoplastic and non-malignant cells. This tumor-favouring effect was not observed for the glioblastoma cells 8MGBA. Collectively, our data further strengthen the need for unravelling mechanisms underlying MSC-mediated modulation of tumor behaviour for possible future MSC clinical use in the context of malignant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Kucerova
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Research Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Protective role of adipose-derived stem cells and their soluble factors in photoaging. Arch Dermatol Res 2009; 301:329-36. [DOI: 10.1007/s00403-009-0951-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2008] [Revised: 03/11/2009] [Accepted: 03/24/2009] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Valtieri M, Sorrentino A. The mesenchymal stromal cell contribution to homeostasis. J Cell Physiol 2008; 217:296-300. [PMID: 18615579 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.21521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adult mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are undifferentiated multi-potent cells predominantly residing in the bone marrow (BM), but also present with similar but not identical features in many other tissues such as blood, placenta, dental pulp, and adipose tissue. MSCs have the potential to differentiate into multiple skeletal phenotypes like osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, stromal cells, fibroblasts, and possibly tendons. MSCs differentiation potential, ex vivo expansion capacity, nurturing and immunomodulatory proficiencies oriented these versatile cells in several areas of ongoing clinical applications. However, the absence of MSC-specific markers for isolation and characterization together with the lack of a comprehensive view of the molecular pathways governing their particular biological properties, remains a primary obstacle to their research and application. In this review we discuss some areas of growing interest in MSCs biology: their contribution to the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niche, to regenerative medicine, their role in cancer and in therapy as delivery tools and their micro-RNA (miRNA) signatures. Despite rapid progress in the MSC field, it is generally thought that only a fraction of their full potential has been realized thus far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Valtieri
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
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