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Thomas M, Nguyen TH, Drnevich J, D’Souza AM, de Alarcon PA, Gnanamony M. Hu14.18K.322A Causes Direct Cell Cytotoxicity and Synergizes with Induction Chemotherapy in High-Risk Neuroblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2064. [PMID: 38893185 PMCID: PMC11171330 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16112064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The disialoganglioside, GD2, is a promising therapeutic target due to its overexpression in certain tumors, particularly neuroblastoma (NB), with limited expression in normal tissues. Despite progress, the intricate mechanisms of action and the full spectrum of the direct cellular responses to anti-GD2 antibodies remain incompletely understood. In this study, we examined the direct cytotoxic effects of the humanized anti-GD2 antibody hu14.18K322A (hu14) on NB cell lines, by exploring the associated cell-death pathways. Additionally, we assessed the synergy between hu14 and conventional induction chemotherapy drugs. Our results revealed that hu14 treatment induced direct cytotoxic effects in CHLA15 and SK-N-BE1 cell lines, with a pronounced impact on proliferation and colony formation. Apoptosis emerged as the predominant cell-death pathway triggered by hu14. Furthermore, we saw a reduction in GD2 surface expression in response to hu14 treatment. Hu14 demonstrated synergy with induction chemotherapy drugs with alterations in GD2 expression. Our comprehensive investigation provides valuable insights into the multifaceted effects of hu14 on NB cells, shedding light on its direct cytotoxicity, cell-death pathways, and interactions with induction chemotherapy drugs. This study contributes to the evolving understanding of anti-GD2 antibody therapy and its potential synergies with conventional treatments in the context of NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Thomas
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois College of Medicine Peoria, One Illini Drive, Peoria, IL 61605, USA; (M.T.); (T.H.N.); (A.M.D.); (P.A.d.A.)
| | - Thu Hien Nguyen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois College of Medicine Peoria, One Illini Drive, Peoria, IL 61605, USA; (M.T.); (T.H.N.); (A.M.D.); (P.A.d.A.)
| | - Jenny Drnevich
- Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1206 W. Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
| | - Amber M. D’Souza
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois College of Medicine Peoria, One Illini Drive, Peoria, IL 61605, USA; (M.T.); (T.H.N.); (A.M.D.); (P.A.d.A.)
| | - Pedro A. de Alarcon
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois College of Medicine Peoria, One Illini Drive, Peoria, IL 61605, USA; (M.T.); (T.H.N.); (A.M.D.); (P.A.d.A.)
| | - Manu Gnanamony
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois College of Medicine Peoria, One Illini Drive, Peoria, IL 61605, USA; (M.T.); (T.H.N.); (A.M.D.); (P.A.d.A.)
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Bugara B, Durbas M, Kudrycka M, Malinowska A, Horwacik I, Rokita H. Silencing of the PHLDA1 leads to global proteome changes and differentiation pathways of human neuroblastoma cells. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1351536. [PMID: 38495105 PMCID: PMC10941682 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1351536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial pediatric solid tumor originating from the abnormal development of cells of the sympathoadrenal lineage of the neural crest. Targeting GD2 ganglioside (GD2), a glycolipid expressed on neuroblastoma cells, with GD2 ganglioside-recognizing antibodies affects several pivotal signaling routes that drive or influence the malignant phenotype of the cells. Previously performed gene expression profiling helped us to identify the PHLDA1 (pleckstrin homology-like domain family A member 1) gene as the most upregulated gene in the IMR-32 human neuroblastoma cells treated with the mouse 14G2a monoclonal antibody. Mass spectrometry-based proteomic analyses were applied to better characterize a role of PHLDA1 protein in the response of neuroblastoma cells to chimeric ch14.18/CHO antibody. Additionally, global protein expression profile analysis in the IMR-32 cell line with PHLDA1 silencing revealed the increase in biological functions of mitochondria, accompanied by differentiation-like phenotype of the cells. Moreover, mass spectrometry analysis of the proteins co-immunoprecipitated using anti-PHLDA1-specific antibody, selected a group of possible PHLDA1 binding partners. Also, a more detailed analysis suggested that PHLDA1 interacts with the DCAF7/AUTS2 complex, a key component of neuronal differentiation in vitro. Importantly, our results indicate that PHLDA1 silencing enhances the EGF receptor signaling pathway and combinatory treatment of gefitinib and ch14.18/CHO antibodies might be beneficial for neuroblastoma patients. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with the identifier PXD044319.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Bugara
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Durbas
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Maja Kudrycka
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agata Malinowska
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Irena Horwacik
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Hanna Rokita
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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Machy P, Mortier E, Birklé S. Biology of GD2 ganglioside: implications for cancer immunotherapy. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1249929. [PMID: 37670947 PMCID: PMC10475612 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1249929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Part of the broader glycosphingolipid family, gangliosides are composed of a ceramide bound to a sialic acid-containing glycan chain, and locate at the plasma membrane. Gangliosides are produced through sequential steps of glycosylation and sialylation. This diversity of composition is reflected in differences in expression patterns and functions of the various gangliosides. Ganglioside GD2 designates different subspecies following a basic structure containing three carbohydrate residues and two sialic acids. GD2 expression, usually restrained to limited tissues, is frequently altered in various neuroectoderm-derived cancers. While GD2 is of evident interest, its glycolipid nature has rendered research challenging. Physiological GD2 expression has been linked to developmental processes. Passing this stage, varying levels of GD2, physiologically expressed mainly in the central nervous system, affect composition and formation of membrane microdomains involved in surface receptor signaling. Overexpressed in cancer, GD2 has been shown to enhance cell survival and invasion. Furthermore, binding of antibodies leads to immune-independent cell death mechanisms. In addition, GD2 contributes to T-cell dysfunction, and functions as an immune checkpoint. Given the cancer-associated functions, GD2 has been a source of interest for immunotherapy. As a potential biomarker, methods are being developed to quantify GD2 from patients' samples. In addition, various therapeutic strategies are tested. Based on initial success with antibodies, derivates such as bispecific antibodies and immunocytokines have been developed, engaging patient immune system. Cytotoxic effectors or payloads may be redirected based on anti-GD2 antibodies. Finally, vaccines can be used to mount an immune response in patients. We review here the pertinent biological information on GD2 which may be of use for optimizing current immunotherapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stéphane Birklé
- Nantes Université, Univ Angers, INSERM, CNRS, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France
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4
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Lode HN, Ladenstein R, Troschke-Meurer S, Struppe L, Siebert N, Zumpe M, Ehlert K, Huber S, Glogova E, Hundsdoerfer P, Eggert A, Zaniewska-Tekieli A, Balwierz W, Wieczorek A. Effect and Tolerance of N5 and N6 Chemotherapy Cycles in Combination with Dinutuximab Beta in Relapsed High-Risk Neuroblastoma Patients Who Failed at Least One Second-Line Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3364. [PMID: 37444475 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The anti-disialoganglioside (GD2) monoclonal antibody dinutuximab beta is approved for the maintenance treatment of high-risk neuroblastoma. Dinutuximab beta combined with different chemotherapy regimens is being investigated in various clinical settings. We conducted a retrospective clinical chart review of 25 patients with relapsed/refractory neuroblastoma who had failed ≥1 second-line therapy and received compassionate use treatment with dinutuximab beta long-term infusion combined with the induction chemotherapy regimens N5 (cisplatin, etoposide, vindesine) and N6 (vincristine, dacarbazine, ifosfamide, doxorubicin) recommended by the German Pediatric Oncology and Hematology Group [GPOH] guidelines. The treatment did not result in any unexpected severe toxicities or in any major treatment delays. Grade 3/4 pain was reported by 4/25 patients in cycle 1, decreasing to 0/9 patients in cycles 3 and 4. The median follow-up was 0.6 years. The best response in this group was 48% (12/25 patients), which included three patients with minor responses. At 1 year, the estimated event-free survival was 27% (95% confidence interval [CI] 8-47) and overall survival was 44% (95% CI 24-65). Combining long-term infusion of dinutuximab beta with N5 and N6 chemotherapy demonstrated an acceptable safety profile and encouraging objective response rates in heavily pretreated patients with high-risk neuroblastoma, warranting further evaluation in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger N Lode
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ruth Ladenstein
- Department of Paediatrics, St. Anna Children's Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department for Studies and Statistics and Integrated Research and Project, Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung GmbH, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sascha Troschke-Meurer
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Linda Struppe
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Nikolai Siebert
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Maxi Zumpe
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Karoline Ehlert
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stefanie Huber
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Evgenia Glogova
- Department of Paediatrics, St. Anna Children's Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department for Studies and Statistics and Integrated Research and Project, Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), St. Anna Kinderkrebsforschung GmbH, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Angelika Eggert
- Clinic for Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Zaniewska-Tekieli
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008 Krakow, Poland
| | - Walentyna Balwierz
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008 Krakow, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Wieczorek
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008 Krakow, Poland
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Naxitamab Activity in Neuroblastoma Cells Is Enhanced by Nanofenretinide and Nanospermidine. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020648. [PMID: 36839972 PMCID: PMC9966923 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma cells highly express the disialoganglioside GD2, a tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen, which is also expressed in neurons, skin melanocytes, and peripheral nerve fibers. Immunotherapy with monoclonal anti-GD2 antibodies has a proven efficacy in clinical trials and is included in the standard treatment for children with high-risk neuroblastoma. However, the strong neuro-toxicity associated with anti-GD2 antibodies administration has hindered, until now, the possibility for dose-escalation and protracted use, thus restraining their therapeutic potential. Strategies to increase the efficacy of anti-GD2 antibodies are actively sought, with the aim to enable chronic treatments that could eradicate minimal residual disease and subsequent relapses, often occurring after treatment. Here, we report that Nanofenretinide and Nanospermidine improved the expression of GD2 in neuroblastoma cells (CHP-134) and provided different effects in combination with the anti-GD2 antibody naxitamab. In particular, Nanofenretinide significantly increased the cytotoxic effect of naxitamab while Nanospermidine inhibited cell motility at extents proportional to naxitamab concentration. In neuroblastoma cells characterized by a low and heterogeneous basal expression of GD2, such as SH-SY5Y, which may represent the cell heterogeneity in tumors after chemotherapy, both Nanofenretinide and Nanospermidine increased GD2 expression in approximately 50% of cells, thus shifting the tumor population towards improved sensitivity to anti-GD2 antibodies.
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Horwacik I. The Extracellular Matrix and Neuroblastoma Cell Communication-A Complex Interplay and Its Therapeutic Implications. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193172. [PMID: 36231134 PMCID: PMC9564247 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a pediatric neuroendocrine neoplasm. It arises from the sympatho-adrenal lineage of neural-crest-derived multipotent progenitor cells that fail to differentiate. NB is the most common extracranial tumor in children, and it manifests undisputed heterogeneity. Unsatisfactory outcomes of high-risk (HR) NB patients call for more research to further inter-relate treatment and molecular features of the disease. In this regard, it is well established that in the tumor microenvironment (TME), malignant cells are engaged in complex and dynamic interactions with the extracellular matrix (ECM) and stromal cells. The ECM can be a source of both pro- and anti-tumorigenic factors to regulate tumor cell fate, such as survival, proliferation, and resistance to therapy. Moreover, the ECM composition, organization, and resulting signaling networks are vastly remodeled during tumor progression and metastasis. This review mainly focuses on the molecular mechanisms and effects of interactions of selected ECM components with their receptors on neuroblastoma cells. Additionally, it describes roles of enzymes modifying and degrading ECM in NB. Finally, the article gives examples on how the knowledge is exploited for prognosis and to yield new treatment options for NB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Horwacik
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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7
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Inagaki FF, Kato T, Furusawa A, Okada R, Wakiyama H, Furumoto H, Okuyama S, Choyke PL, Kobayashi H. Disialoganglioside GD2-Targeted Near-Infrared Photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) in Tumors of Neuroectodermal Origin. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2037. [PMID: 36297471 PMCID: PMC9612122 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Disialoganglioside (GD2) is a subtype of glycolipids that is highly expressed in tumors of neuroectodermal origins, such as neuroblastoma and osteosarcoma. Its limited expression in normal tissues makes GD2 a potential target for precision therapy. Several anti-GD2 monoclonal antibodies are currently in clinical use and have had moderate success. Near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT) is a cancer therapy that arms antibodies with IRDye700DX (IR700) and then exposes this antibody-dye conjugate (ADC) to NIR light at a wavelength of 690 nm. NIR light irradiation induces a profound photochemical response in IR700, resulting in protein aggregates that lead to cell membrane damage and death. In this study, we examined the feasibility of GD2-targeted NIR-PIT. Although GD2, like other glycolipids, is only located in the outer leaflet of the cell membrane, the aggregates formation exerted sufficient physical force to disrupt the cell membrane and kill target cells in vitro. In in vivo studies, tumor growth was significantly inhibited after GD2-targeted NIR-PIT, resulting in prolonged survival. Following GD2-targeted NIR-PIT, activation of host immunity was observed. In conclusion, GD2-targeted NIR-PIT was similarly effective to the conventional protein-targeted NIR-PIT. This study demonstrates that membrane glycolipid can be a new target of NIR-PIT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Furman WL, McCarville B, Shulkin BL, Davidoff A, Krasin M, Hsu CW, Pan H, Wu J, Brennan R, Bishop MW, Helmig S, Stewart E, Navid F, Triplett B, Santana V, Santiago T, Hank JA, Gillies SD, Yu A, Sondel PM, Leung WH, Pappo A, Federico SM. Improved Outcome in Children With Newly Diagnosed High-Risk Neuroblastoma Treated With Chemoimmunotherapy: Updated Results of a Phase II Study Using hu14.18K322A. J Clin Oncol 2022; 40:335-344. [PMID: 34871104 PMCID: PMC8797508 DOI: 10.1200/jco.21.01375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We evaluated whether combining a humanized antidisialoganglioside monoclonal antibody (hu14.18K322A) throughout therapy improves early response and outcomes in children with newly diagnosed high-risk neuroblastoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a prospective, single-arm, three-stage, phase II clinical trial. Six cycles of induction chemotherapy were coadministered with hu14.18K322A, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and low-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2). The consolidation regimen included busulfan and melphalan. When available, an additional cycle of parent-derived natural killer cells with hu14.18K322A was administered during consolidation (n = 31). Radiation therapy was administered at the end of consolidation. Postconsolidation treatment included hu14.18K322A, GM-CSF, IL-2, and isotretinoin. Early response was assessed after the first two cycles of induction therapy. End-of-induction response, event-free survival (EFS), and overall survival (OS) were evaluated. RESULTS Sixty-four patients received hu14.18K322A with induction chemotherapy. This regimen was well tolerated, with continuous infusion narcotics. Partial responses (PRs) or better after the first two chemoimmunotherapy cycles occurred in 42 of 63 evaluable patients (66.7%; 95% CI, 55.0 to 78.3). Primary tumor volume decreased by a median of 75% (range, 100% [complete disappearance]-5% growth). Median peak hu14.18K322A serum levels in cycle one correlated with early response to therapy (P = .0154, one-sided t-test). Sixty of 62 patients (97%) had an end-of-induction partial response or better. No patients experienced progressive disease during induction. The 3-year EFS was 73.7% (95% CI, 60.0 to 83.4), and the OS was 86.0% (95% CI, 73.8 to 92.8), respectively. CONCLUSION Adding hu14.18K322A to induction chemotherapy improved early objective responses, significantly reduced tumor volumes in most patients, improved end-of-induction response rates, and yielded an encouraging 3-year EFS. These results, if validated in a larger study, may be practice changing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne L. Furman
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | | | | | | | | | - Chia-Wei Hsu
- St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Haitao Pan
- St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | | | - Rachel Brennan
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Michael W. Bishop
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Sara Helmig
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Elizabeth Stewart
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Fariba Navid
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | | | | | - Jacquelyn A. Hank
- Departments of Pediatrics and Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | | | - Alice Yu
- University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou and Chang Gung University, Taiwan
| | - Paul M. Sondel
- Departments of Pediatrics and Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - Wing H. Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Alberto Pappo
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Sara M. Federico
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
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Lin YS, Lin KS, Chen Y, Mdlovu NV. Synthesis, characterization, and application of gene conjugated polymerized nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots carriers for in vivo bio-targeting in neuroblastoma treatment. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2021.104167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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10
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Furman WL. Monoclonal Antibody Therapies for High Risk Neuroblastoma. Biologics 2021; 15:205-219. [PMID: 34135571 PMCID: PMC8200163 DOI: 10.2147/btt.s267278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are part of the standard of care for the treatment of many adult solid tumors. Until recently none have been approved for use in children with solid tumors. Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children. Those with high-risk disease, despite treatment with very intensive multimodal therapy, still have poor overall survival. Results of treatment with an immunotherapy regimen using a chimeric (human/mouse) mAb against a cell surface disialoganglioside (GD2) have changed the standard of care for these children and resulted in the first approval of a mAb for use in children with solid tumors. This article will review the use of the various anti-GD2 mAbs in children with NB, methods that have been or are being evaluated for enhancing their efficacy, as well as review other promising antigenic targets for the therapeutic use of mAbs in children with NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne L Furman
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
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11
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Clinical and Pathological Evidence of Anti-GD2 Immunotherapy Induced Differentiation in Relapsed/Refractory High-Risk Neuroblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061264. [PMID: 33809255 PMCID: PMC7998131 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The anti-tumor activity of anti-GD2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been demonstrated by the capacity to mediate immunological cytotoxicity but also through direct cell death induction. Recently, studies with anti-GD2 mAbs for high-risk (HR)-neuroblastoma (NB) patients with measurable disease, with or without chemotherapy, have reported significant objective responses. In this subgroup of patients, we observed that, while being treated with the mAb naxitamab, some chemorefractory lesions showed long periods of stable disease. Here, we report a comprehensive imaging evaluation of those lesions correlating with histopathological demonstration of naxitamab-induced tissue differentiation. Our results suggest an undescribed mechanism of action for anti-GD2 mAbs. Abstract Background: Neuroblastic tumors (NBTs) originate from a block in the process of differentiation. Histologically, NBTs are classified in neuroblastoma (NB), ganglioneuroblastoma (GNB), and ganglioneuroma (GN). Current therapy for high-risk (HR) NB includes chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy, and anti-GD2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Anti-GD2 mAbs induce immunological cytoxicity but also direct cell death. Methods: We report on patients treated with naxitamab for chemorefractory NB showing lesions with long periods of stable disease. Target lesions with persisting 123I-Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) uptake after 4 cycles of immunotherapy were further evaluated by functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and/or Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET). MIBG avid lesions that became non-restrictive on MRI (apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) > 1) and/or FDG-PET negative (SUV < 2) were biopsied. Results: Twenty-seven relapse/refractory (R/R) HR-NB patients were enrolled on protocol Ymabs 201. Two (7.5%) of the 27 showed persistent bone lesions on MIBG, ADC high, and/or FDG-PET negative. Forty-four R/R HR-NB patients received chemo-immunotherapy. Twelve (27%) of the 44 developed persistent MIBG+ but FDG-PET- and/or high ADC lesions. Twelve (86%) of the 14 cases identified were successfully biopsied producing 16 evaluable samples. Histology showed ganglioneuroma maturing subtype in 6 (37.5%); ganglioneuroma mature subtype with no neuroblastic component in 4 (25%); differentiating NB with no Schwannian stroma in 5 (31%); and undifferentiated NB without Schwannian stroma in one (6%). Overall, 10 (62.5%) of the 16 specimens were histopathologically fully mature NBTs. Conclusions: Our results disclose an undescribed mechanism of action for naxitamab and highlight the limitations of conventional imaging in the evaluation of anti-GD2 immunotherapy clinical efficacy for HR-NB.
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Yu J, Hung JT, Wang SH, Cheng JY, Yu AL. Targeting glycosphingolipids for cancer immunotherapy. FEBS Lett 2020; 594:3602-3618. [PMID: 32860713 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant expression of glycosphingolipids (GSLs) is a unique feature of cancer and stromal cells in tumor microenvironments. Although the impact of GSLs on tumor progression remains largely unclear, anticancer immunotherapies directed against GSLs are attracting growing attention. Here, we focus on GD2, a disialoganglioside expressed in tumors of neuroectodermal origin, and Globo H ceramide (GHCer), the most prevalent cancer-associated GSL overexpressed in a variety of epithelial cancers. We first summarize recent advances on our understanding of GD2 and GHCer biology and then discuss the clinical development of the first immunotherapeutic agent targeting a glycolipid, the GD2-specific antibody dinutuximab, its approved indications, and new strategies to improve its efficacy for neuroblastoma. Next, we review ongoing clinical trials on Globo H-targeted immunotherapeutics. We end with highlighting how these studies provide sound scientific rationales for targeting GSLs in cancer and may facilitate a rational design of new GSL-targeted anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Yu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Tung Hung
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Hung Wang
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Yan Cheng
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Alice L Yu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California in San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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13
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Huang S, Gu S. Targeting autophagy in neuroblastoma. WORLD JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY 2020; 3:e000121. [DOI: 10.1136/wjps-2020-000121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundNeuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracellular solid tumor among children accounting for serious mortality. Macroautophagy, a common housekeeping mechanism to maintain cellular homeostasis in eukaryotic cells, is involved in tumorigenesis and chemoresistance in a spectrum of cancers.Data resourcesBased on the terms of ‘autophagy’ and ‘neuroblastoma’, all the recent literature was searched and reviewed through PubMed.ResultsAutophagy is associated with apoptosis, histone modifications, angiogenesis, metabolism in NB. With those facts we assume that NB is an autophagy-dependent tumor, which means that autophagy inhibition therapy is desirable.ConclusionAutophagy in NB is pro-oncogenic, so inhibiting autophagy in high-risk NB may benefit treatment outcomes.
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14
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Limaye A, Sweta J, Madhavi M, Mudgal U, Mukherjee S, Sharma S, Hussain T, Nayarisseri A, Singh SK. In Silico Insights on GD2 : A Potential Target for Pediatric Neuroblastoma. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 19:2766-2781. [DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666191112115333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background:Originating from the abnormal growth of neuroblasts, pediatric neuroblastoma affects the age group below 15 years. It is an aggressive heterogenous cancer with a high morbidity rate. Biological marker GD2 synthesised by the GD2 gene acts as a powerful predictor of neuroblastoma cells. GD2 gangliosides are sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids. Differential expression during brain development governs the function of the GD2. The present study explains the interaction of the GD2 with its established inhibitors and discovers the compound having a high binding affinity against the target protein. Technically, during the development of new compounds through docking studies, the best drug among all pre-exist inhibitors was filtered. Hence in reference to the best docked compound, the study proceeded further.Methodology:The In silico approach provides a platform to determine and establish potential inhibitor against GD2 in Pediatric neuroblastoma. The 3D structure of GD2 protein was modelled by homology base fold methods using Smith-Watermans’ Local alignment. A total of 18 established potent compounds were subjected to molecular docking and Etoposide (CID: 36462) manifested the highest affinity. The similarity search presented 336 compounds similar to Etoposide.Results:Through virtual screening, the compound having PubChem ID 10254934 showed a better affinity towards GD2 than the established inhibitor. The comparative profiling of the two compounds based on various interactions such as H-bond interaction, aromatic interactions, electrostatic interactions and ADMET profiling and toxicity studies were performed using various computational tools.Conclusion:The docking separated the virtual screened drug (PubChemID: 10254934) from the established inhibitor with a better re-rank score of -136.33. The toxicity profile of the virtual screened drug was also lesser (less lethal) than the established drug. The virtual screened drug was observed to be bioavailable as it does not cross the blood-brain barrier. Conclusively, the virtual screened compound obtained in the present investigation is better than the established inhibitor and can be further augmented by In vitro analysis, pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Limaye
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore – 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Jajoriya Sweta
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore – 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Maddala Madhavi
- Department of Zoology, Nizam College, Osmania University, Hyderabad - 500001, Telangana State, India
| | - Urvy Mudgal
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore – 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sourav Mukherjee
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore – 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Shreshtha Sharma
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore – 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Tajamul Hussain
- Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anuraj Nayarisseri
- In silico Research Laboratory, Eminent Biosciences, Mahalakshmi Nagar, Indore – 452010, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Singh
- Computer Aided Drug Designing and Molecular Modeling Lab, Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Karaikudi-630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
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15
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V Kholodenko I, V Kalinovsky D, V Svirshchevskaya E, I Doronin I, V Konovalova M, V Kibardin A, V Shamanskaya T, S Larin S, M Deyev S, V Kholodenko R. Multimerization through Pegylation Improves Pharmacokinetic Properties of scFv Fragments of GD2-Specific Antibodies. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24213835. [PMID: 31653037 PMCID: PMC6864547 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24213835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antigen-binding fragments of antibodies specific to the tumor-associated ganglioside GD2 are well poised to play a substantial role in modern GD2-targeted cancer therapies, however, rapid elimination from the body and reduced affinity compared to full-length antibodies limit their therapeutic potential. In this study, scFv fragments of GD2-specific antibodies 14.18 were produced in a mammalian expression system that specifically bind to ganglioside GD2, followed by site-directed pegylation to generate mono-, di-, and tetra-scFv fragments. Fractionated pegylated dimers and tetramers of scFv fragments showed significant increase of the binding to GD2 which was not accompanied by cross-reactivity with other gangliosides. Pegylated multimeric di-scFvs and tetra-scFvs exhibited cytotoxic effects in GD2-positive tumor cells, while their circulation time in blood significantly increased compared with monomeric antibody fragments. We also demonstrated a more efficient tumor uptake of the multimers in a syngeneic GD2-positive mouse cancer model. The findings of this study provide the rationale for improving therapeutic characteristics of GD2-specific antibody fragments by multimerization and propose a strategy to generate such molecules. On the basis of multimeric antibody fragments, bispecific antibodies and conjugates with cytotoxic drugs or radioactive isotopes may be developed that will possess improved pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V Kholodenko
- Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10, Pogodinskaya St., Moscow 119121, Russia.
| | - Daniel V Kalinovsky
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117997, Russia.
| | - Elena V Svirshchevskaya
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117997, Russia.
| | - Igor I Doronin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117997, Russia.
- Real Target LLC, Miklukho-Maklaya St., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russia.
| | - Maria V Konovalova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117997, Russia.
| | - Alexey V Kibardin
- D. Rogachev Federal Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, 1, Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117997, Russia.
| | - Tatyana V Shamanskaya
- D. Rogachev Federal Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, 1, Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117997, Russia.
| | - Sergey S Larin
- D. Rogachev Federal Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, 1, Samory Mashela St., Moscow 117997, Russia.
| | - Sergey M Deyev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117997, Russia.
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 8-2, Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119992, Russia.
| | - Roman V Kholodenko
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117997, Russia.
- Real Target LLC, Miklukho-Maklaya St., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russia.
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16
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Furman WL, Federico SM, McCarville MB, Shulkin BL, Davidoff AM, Krasin MJ, Sahr N, Sykes A, Wu J, Brennan RC, Bishop MW, Helmig S, Stewart E, Navid F, Triplett B, Santana VM, Bahrami A, Anthony G, Yu AL, Hank J, Gillies SD, Sondel PM, Leung WH, Pappo AS. A Phase II Trial of Hu14.18K322A in Combination with Induction Chemotherapy in Children with Newly Diagnosed High-Risk Neuroblastoma. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:6320-6328. [PMID: 31601569 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-19-1452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We sought to evaluate whether combining a humanized antidisialoganglioside mAb (hu14.18K322A) with induction chemotherapy improves early responses and outcomes in children with newly diagnosed high-risk neuroblastoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a prospective nonrandomized, single-arm, two-stage, phase II clinical trial. Six courses of induction chemotherapy were coadministered with hu14.18K322A and followed with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and low-dose IL2. Consolidation was performed with a busulfan/melphalan preparative regimen. An additional course of hu14.18K322A was administered with parent-derived natural killer cells, when available, during consolidation. Hu14.18K322A, GM-CSF, IL2, and isotretinoin were then administered. Secondary outcomes included reduced tumor volume and semiquantitative 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine scoring [i.e., Curie scores (CS)] at the end of induction. RESULTS Forty-two patients received hu14.18K322A and induction chemotherapy. This regimen was well tolerated, with continuous-infusion narcotics adjusted to patient tolerance. Partial responses (PR) or better after the first two chemoimmunotherapy courses occurred in 32 patients [76.2%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 60.6-88.0]. This was accompanied by primary tumor volume reductions (median, -76%; range, -100% to 5%). Of 35 patients with stage IV disease who completed induction, 31 had end-of-induction CSs of 2 or less. No patients experienced progression during induction. Two-year event-free survival (EFS) was 85.7% (95% CI, 70.9-93.3). CONCLUSIONS Adding hu14.18K322A to induction chemotherapy produced early PR or better in most patients, reduced tumor volumes, improved CSs at the end of induction, and yielded an encouraging 2-year EFS. These results, if validated in a larger study, may change the standard of care for children with high-risk neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne L Furman
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.
| | - Sara M Federico
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | - Barry L Shulkin
- Diagnostic Imaging, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | - Matthew J Krasin
- Radiation Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Natasha Sahr
- Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - April Sykes
- Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Jianrong Wu
- Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Rachel C Brennan
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | - Sara Helmig
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Elizabeth Stewart
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Fariba Navid
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Brandon Triplett
- Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Victor M Santana
- Clinical Trials Administration, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Armita Bahrami
- Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Gwendolyn Anthony
- Cancer Center Administration, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Alice L Yu
- University of California, San Diego and Moores Cancer Center and Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taiwan
| | - Jacquelyn Hank
- Departments of Pediatrics and Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | | | - Paul M Sondel
- Departments of Pediatrics and Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Wing H Leung
- Department of Hematology Oncology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Duke-NUS, Singapore
| | - Alberto S Pappo
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
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17
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Durbas M, Pabisz P, Wawak K, Wiśniewska A, Boratyn E, Nowak I, Horwacik I, Woźnicka O, Rokita H. GD2 ganglioside-binding antibody 14G2a and specific aurora A kinase inhibitor MK-5108 induce autophagy in IMR-32 neuroblastoma cells. Apoptosis 2019; 23:492-511. [PMID: 30027525 PMCID: PMC6153511 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-018-1472-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The process of autophagy and its role in survival of human neuroblastoma cell cultures was studied upon addition of an anti-GD2 ganglioside (GD2) 14G2a mouse monoclonal antibody (14G2a mAb) and an aurora A kinase specific inhibitor, MK-5108. It was recently shown that combination of these agents significantly potentiates cytotoxicity against IMR-32 and CHP-134 neuroblastoma cells in vitro, as compared to the inhibitor used alone. In this study we gained mechanistic insights on autophagy in the observed cytotoxic effects exerted by both agents using cytotoxicity assays, RT-qPCR, immunoblotting, and autophagy detection methods. Enhancement of the autophagy process in the 14G2a mAb- and MK-5108-treated IMR-32 cells was documented by assessing autophagic flux. Application of a lysosomotropic agent-chloroquine (CQ) affected the 14G2a mAb- and MK-5108-stimulated autophagic flux. It is our conclusion that the 14G2a mAb (40 μg/ml) and MK-5108 inhibitor (0.1 μM) induce autophagy in IMR-32 cells. Moreover, the combinatorial treatment of IMR-32 cells with the 14G2a mAb and CQ significantly potentiates cytotoxic effect, as compared to CQ used alone. Most importantly, we showed that interfering with autophagy at its early and late step augments the 14G2a mAb-induced apoptosis, therefore we can conclude that inhibition of autophagy is the primary mechanism of the CQ-mediated sensitization to the 14G2a mAb-induced apoptosis. Although, there was no virtual stimulation of autophagy in the 14G2a mAb-treated CHP-134 neuroblastoma cells, we were able to show that PHLDA1 protein positively regulates autophagy and this process exists in a mutually exclusive manner with apoptosis in PHLDA1-silenced CHP-134 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Durbas
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Paweł Pabisz
- Departament of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Wawak
- Departament of Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Aneta Wiśniewska
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Boratyn
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Iwona Nowak
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Irena Horwacik
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Olga Woźnicka
- Department of Cell Biology and Imaging, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
| | - Hanna Rokita
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland
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18
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Zoine JT, Knight KA, Fleischer LC, Sutton KS, Goldsmith KC, Doering CB, Spencer HT. Ex vivo expanded patient-derived γδ T-cell immunotherapy enhances neuroblastoma tumor regression in a murine model. Oncoimmunology 2019; 8:1593804. [PMID: 31413905 PMCID: PMC6682349 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2019.1593804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An effective therapy regimen for relapsed/refractory high-risk neuroblastoma (NB) includes the anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody, dinutuximab, in combination with temozolomide and irinotecan, supporting a role for chemo-immunotherapy in NB. γδ T cells are an attractive anti-tumor immunotherapy because of their direct cytotoxic activity mediated through cell surface receptors NKG2D and CD16. NKG2D facilitates the innate recognition of stress-induced ligands whereas CD16 recognizes antibody bound to tumors and activates mechanisms of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). This study demonstrates an efficient method for expanding and storing γδ T cells from NB patient-derived apheresis products at clinically relevant amounts. The expanded patient-derived γδ T cells were cytotoxic against the K562 cell line and multiple NB cell lines. Combining γδ T cells with dinutuximab led to a 30% increase in tumor cell lysis compared to γδ T cells alone. Furthermore, low-dose temozolomide in combination with expanded γδ T cells and dinutuximab resulted in increased IFNγ secretion and increased γδ T-cell surface expression of FasL and CD107a. IMR5 NB cell line xenografts established subcutaneously in NSG mice were treated with a regimen of dinutuximab, temozolomide, and γδ T cells. This combination caused targeted killing of NB xenografts in vivo, reducing tumor burden and prolonging survival. These data support the continued preclinical testing of dinutuximab and temozolomide in conjunction with γδ T-cell immunotherapy for patients with recurrent/refractory NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaquelyn T Zoine
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Cancer Biology Program, Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kristopher A Knight
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lauren C Fleischer
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Molecular and Systems Pharmacology Program, Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kathryn S Sutton
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kelly C Goldsmith
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Christopher B Doering
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - H Trent Spencer
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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19
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Kholodenko RV, Kalinovsky DV, Doronin II, Ponomarev ED, Kholodenko IV. Antibody Fragments as Potential Biopharmaceuticals for Cancer Therapy: Success and Limitations. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:396-426. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170817152554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are an important class of therapeutic agents approved for the therapy of many types of malignancies. However, in certain cases applications of conventional mAbs have several limitations in anticancer immunotherapy. These limitations include insufficient efficacy and adverse effects. The antigen-binding fragments of antibodies have a considerable potential to overcome the disadvantages of conventional mAbs, such as poor penetration into solid tumors and Fc-mediated bystander activation of the immune system. Fragments of antibodies retain antigen specificity and part of functional properties of conventional mAbs and at the same time have much better penetration into the tumors and a greatly reduced level of adverse effects. Recent advantages in antibody engineering allowed to produce different types of antibody fragments with improved structure and properties for efficient elimination of tumor cells. These molecules opened up new perspectives for anticancer therapy. Here, we will overview the structural features of the various types of antibody fragments and their applications for anticancer therapy as separate molecules and as part of complex conjugates or structures. Mechanisms of antitumor action of antibody fragments as well as their advantages and disadvantages for clinical application will be discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman V. Kholodenko
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho- Maklaya St., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Daniel V. Kalinovsky
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho- Maklaya St., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Igor I. Doronin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho- Maklaya St., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Eugene D. Ponomarev
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Brain, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin NT, Hong Kong
| | - Irina V. Kholodenko
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho- Maklaya St., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
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20
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Zhang X, Nie H, Whited J, Wang D, Li Y, Sun XL. Recent approaches for directly profiling cell surface sialoform. Glycobiology 2019; 28:910-924. [PMID: 29800278 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwy046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sialic acids (SAs) are nine-carbon monosaccharides existing at the terminal location of glycan structures on the cell surface and secreted glycoconjugates. The expression levels and linkages of SAs on cells and tissues, collectively known as sialoform, present the hallmark of the cells and tissues of different systems and conditions. Accordingly, detecting or profiling cell surface sialoforms is very critical for understanding the function of cell surface glycans and glycoconjugates and even the molecular mechanisms of their underlying biological processes. Further, it may provide therapeutic and diagnostic applications for different diseases. In the past decades, several kinds of SA-specific binding molecules have been developed for detecting and profiling specific sialoforms of cells and tissues; the experimental materials have expanded from frozen tissue to living cells; and the analytical technologies have advanced from histochemistry to fluorescent imaging, flow cytometry and microarrays. This review summarizes the recent bioaffinity approaches for directly detecting and profiling specific SAs or sialylglycans, and their modifications of different cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 2 Yikuang-jie, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Huan Nie
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 2 Yikuang-jie, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Joshua Whited
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical and Biomedical Engineering and Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease (GRHD), Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical and Biomedical Engineering and Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease (GRHD), Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Yu Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, 2 Yikuang-jie, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xue-Long Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical and Biomedical Engineering and Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease (GRHD), Cleveland State University, 2121 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, USA
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21
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Kholodenko IV, Kalinovsky DV, Doronin II, Deyev SM, Kholodenko RV. Neuroblastoma Origin and Therapeutic Targets for Immunotherapy. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:7394268. [PMID: 30116755 PMCID: PMC6079467 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7394268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a pediatric solid cancer of heterogeneous clinical behavior. The unique features of this type of cancer frequently hamper the process of determining clinical presentation and predicting therapy effectiveness. The tumor can spontaneously regress without treatment or actively develop and give rise to metastases despite aggressive multimodal therapy. In recent years, immunotherapy has become one of the most promising approaches to the treatment of neuroblastoma. Still, only one drug for targeted immunotherapy of neuroblastoma, chimeric monoclonal GD2-specific antibodies, is used in the clinic today, and its application has significant limitations. In this regard, the development of effective and safe GD2-targeted immunotherapies and analysis of other potential molecular targets for the treatment of neuroblastoma represents an important and topical task. The review summarizes biological characteristics of the origin and development of neuroblastoma and outlines molecular markers of neuroblastoma and modern immunotherapy approaches directed towards these markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina V. Kholodenko
- Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Pogodinskaya St., Moscow 119121, Russia
| | - Daniel V. Kalinovsky
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Igor I. Doronin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117997, Russia
- Real Target LLC, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Sergey M. Deyev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117997, Russia
- Institute of Engineering Physics for Biomedicine (PhysBio), National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - Roman V. Kholodenko
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117997, Russia
- Real Target LLC, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117997, Russia
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23
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Ding B, Zhang W, Wu X, Wang J, Xie C, Huang X, Zhan S, Zheng Y, Huang Y, Xu N, Ding X, Gao S. DR5 mAb-conjugated, DTIC-loaded immuno-nanoparticles effectively and specifically kill malignant melanoma cells in vivo. Oncotarget 2018; 7:57160-57170. [PMID: 27494835 PMCID: PMC5302980 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We combined chemo- and immunotherapies by constructing dual therapeutic function immuno-nanoparticles (NPs) consisting of death receptor 5 monoclonal antibody (DR5 mAb)-conjugated nanoparticles loaded with dacarbazine (DTIC) (DTIC-NPs-DR5 mAb). We determined the in vivo targeting specificity of DTIC-NPs-DR5 mAb by evaluating distribution in tumor-bearing nude mice using a real-time imaging system. Therapeutic efficacy was assessed in terms of its effect on tumor volume, survival time, histomorphology, microvessel density (MVD), and apoptotic index (AI). Systemic toxicity was evaluated by measuring white blood cells (WBC) counts, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, and creatinine clearance (CR).In vivo and ex vivo imaging indicates that DR5 mAb modification enhanced the accumulation of NPs within the xenograft tumor. DTIC-NPs-DR5 mAb inhibited tumor growth more effectively than DTIC or DR5 mAb alone, indicating that combining DTIC and DR5 mAb through pharmaceutical engineering achieves a better therapeutic effect. Moreover, the toxicity of DTIC-NPs-DR5 mAb was much lower than that of DTIC, implying that DR5 mAb targeting reduces nonspecific uptake of DTIC into normal tissue and thus decreases toxic side effects. These results demonstrate that DTIC-NPs-DR5 mAb is a safe and effective nanoparticle formulation with the potential to improve the efficacy and specificity of melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyue Ding
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Medical College of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, PR China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xin Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jeffrey Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, USA
| | - Chen Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, USA
| | - Xuan Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Medical College of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, PR China
| | - Shuyu Zhan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Medical College of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, PR China
| | - Yongxia Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Medical College of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, PR China
| | - Yueyan Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Medical College of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, PR China
| | - Ningyin Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Medical College of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, PR China
| | - Xueying Ding
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Shen Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, PR China
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24
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Targeting tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens: a phase I study of a carbohydrate mimetic-peptide vaccine in stage IV breast cancer subjects. Oncotarget 2017; 8:99161-99178. [PMID: 29228761 PMCID: PMC5716801 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) support cell survival that could be interrupted by anti-TACA antibodies. Among TACAs that mediate cell survival signals are the neolactoseries antigen Lewis Y (LeY) and the ganglioside GD2. To induce sustained immunity against both LeY and GD2, we developed a carbohydrate mimicking peptide (CMP) as a surrogate pan-immunogen that mimics both. This CMP, referred to as P10s, is the N-terminal half of a peptide vaccine named P10s-PADRE, the C-terminal half of which (PADRE) is a Pan-T-cell epitope. A Phase I dose-escalation trial of P10s-PADRE plus adjuvant MONTANIDE™ ISA 51 VG was conducted in subjects with metastatic breast cancer to test 300 and 500 μg/injection in two cohorts of 3 subjects each. Doses of the P10s-PADRE vaccine were administered to research participants subcutaneously on weeks 1, 2, 3, 7 and 19. Antibody responses to P10s, GD2, and LeY were measured by ELISA. The P10s-PADRE vaccine induced antibodies specifically reactive with P10s, LeY and GD2 in all 6 subjects. Serum antibodies displayed Caspase-3-dependent apoptotic functionality against LeY or GD2 expressing breast cancer cell lines. Immunization with the P10s-PADRE vaccine was well-tolerated and induced functional antibodies, and the data suggest potential clinical benefit.
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25
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Current therapeutic approaches for high-risk neuroblastoma (HR-NB) include high-dose chemotherapy, surgery and radiotherapy; interventions that are associated with long and short-term toxicities. Effective immunotherapy holds particular promise for improving survival and quality of life by reducing exposure to cytotoxic agents. GD2, a surface glycolipid is the most common target for immunotherapy. Areas covered: We review the status of anti-GD2 immunotherapies currently in clinical use for neuroblastomas and novel GD2-targeted strategies in preclinical development. Expert commentary: Anti-GD2 monoclonal antibodies are associated with improved survival in patients in their first remission and are increasingly being used for chemorefractory and relapsed neuroblastoma. As protein engineering technology has become more accessible, newer antibody constructs are being tested. GD2 is also being targeted by natural killer cells and T-cells. Active immunity can be elicited by anti-GD2 vaccines. The rational combination of currently available and soon-to-emerge immunotherapeutic approaches, and their integration into conventional multimodality therapies will require further investigation to optimize their use for HR-NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Sait
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Shakeel I. Modak
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
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26
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Faraj S, Bahri M, Fougeray S, El Roz A, Fleurence J, Véziers J, Leclair MD, Thébaud E, Paris F, Birklé S. Neuroblastoma chemotherapy can be augmented by immunotargeting O-acetyl-GD2 tumor-associated ganglioside. Oncoimmunology 2017; 7:e1373232. [PMID: 29296527 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2017.1373232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in high-risk neuroblastoma therapy, the prognosis for patients remains poor. In addition, many patients suffer from complications related to available therapies that are highly detrimental to their quality of life. New treatment modalities are, thus, urgently needed to further improve the efficacy and reduce the toxicity of existing therapies. Since antibodies specific for O-acetyl GD2 ganglioside display pro-apoptotic activity against neuroblastoma cells, we hypothesized that combination of immunotherapy could enhance tumor efficacy of neuroblastoma chemotherapy. We demonstrate here that combination of anti-O-acetyl GD2 monoclonal antibody 8B6 with topotecan synergistically inhibited neuroblastoma cell proliferation, as shown by the combination index values. Mechanistically, we evidence that mAb 8B6 induced plasma cell membrane lesions, consistent with oncosis. Neuroblastoma tumour cells treated with mAb 8B6 indeed showed an increased uptake of topotecan by the tumor cells and a more profound tumor cell death evidenced by increased caspase-3 activation. We also found that the combination with topotecan plus monoclonal antibody 8B6 showed a more potent anti-tumor efficacy in vivo than either agent alone. Importantly, we used low-doses of topotecan with no noticeable side effect. Our data suggest that chemo-immunotherapy combinations may improve the clinical efficacy and safety profile of current chemotherapeutic modalities of neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Faraj
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, Loire Atlantique, France.,Service de chirurgie pédiatrique, CHU de Nantes, 38 boulevard Jean Monnet, Nantes, Loire Atlantique, France
| | - M Bahri
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, Loire Atlantique, France
| | - S Fougeray
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, Loire Atlantique, France.,Université de Nantes, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, 9 rue Bias, Nantes, Loire Atlantique, France
| | - A El Roz
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, Loire Atlantique, France.,Université de Nantes, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, 9 rue Bias, Nantes, Loire Atlantique, France
| | - J Fleurence
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, Loire Atlantique, France.,Université de Nantes, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, 9 rue Bias, Nantes, Loire Atlantique, France
| | - J Véziers
- INSERM, UMRS 1229, RMeS "Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton", CHU Nantes, PH4 OTONN, Université de Nantes, UFR Odontologie, SC3M Plateform, UMS INSERM 016 - CNRS 3556, SFR François Bonamy, 1 place Alexis Ricordeau, Nantes, Loire Atlantique, France
| | - M D Leclair
- Service de chirurgie pédiatrique, CHU de Nantes, 38 boulevard Jean Monnet, Nantes, Loire Atlantique, France.,Université de Nantes, UFR de Médecine, 1 rue Gaston Veil, Nantes, Loire Atlantique, France
| | - E Thébaud
- Service d'oncologie pédiatrique, CHU de Nantes, quai Moncousu, Nantes, Loire Atlantique, France
| | - F Paris
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, Loire Atlantique, France
| | - S Birklé
- CRCINA, INSERM, Université d'Angers, Université de Nantes, Nantes, Loire Atlantique, France.,Université de Nantes, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, 9 rue Bias, Nantes, Loire Atlantique, France
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27
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Horwacik I, Rokita H. Modulation of interactions of neuroblastoma cell lines with extracellular matrix proteins affects their sensitivity to treatment with the anti-GD2 ganglioside antibody 14G2a. Int J Oncol 2017; 50:1899-1914. [PMID: 28393238 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.3959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Children diagnosed with high risk neuroblastoma have poor prognosis which stimulates efforts to broaden therapies of the neoplasm. GD2-ganglioside (GD2) marks neuroblastoma cells and is a target for monoclonal antibodies. We have recently shown that some neuroblastoma cell lines are sensitive to direct cytotoxicity of the anti-GD2 mouse monoclonal antibody 14G2a (mAb). For IMR-32 and LA-N-1 cell lines, treatment with the 14G2a mAb induced evident changes in appearance such as cell rounding, aggregation, loose contact with culture plastic, or detachment. Such findings prompted us to investigate whether modulation of attachment of neuroblastoma cells to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins can affect their sensitivity to the 14G2a mAb treatment. First, using ultra-low attachment plates, we show that survival of the IMR-32, LA-N-1, LA-N-5, CHP-134 and Kelly cells depends on attachment. Next, we compared cellular ATP levels of the cell lines treated with the 14G2a mAb using uncoated, fibronectin-, collagen IV-coated surfaces to show that the ECM proteins slightly modulate sensitivity of the cell lines to the mAb. Then, we characterized presence of selected integrin subunits or their complexes on the cell surface. Finally, we applied small molecule inhibitors of selected integrin complexes: obtustatin (inhibiting α1β1 heterodimer), BIO 1211 (inhibiting active α4β1 heterodimer), cilengitide and SB273005 (inhibitors of αVβ3, αVβ5 heterodimers) to verify their effects on attachment of cell lines, cellular ATP levels, and in some experiments activities of apoptosis-executing caspase-3 and -7, for the compounds used alone or in combination with the 14G2a mAb. We characterized levels of total FAK (focal adhesion kinase), p-FAK (Tyr397) in IMR-32 cells treated with BIO 1211, and in LA-N-5, Kelly and SK-N-SH cells treated with SB273005. Our results extend knowledge on factors influencing cytotoxicity of 14G2a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Horwacik
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Hanna Rokita
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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28
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Targeting O-Acetyl-GD2 Ganglioside for Cancer Immunotherapy. J Immunol Res 2017; 2017:5604891. [PMID: 28154831 PMCID: PMC5244029 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5604891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Target selection is a key feature in cancer immunotherapy, a promising field in cancer research. In this respect, gangliosides, a broad family of structurally related glycolipids, were suggested as potential targets for cancer immunotherapy based on their higher abundance in tumors when compared with the matched normal tissues. GD2 is the first ganglioside proven to be an effective target antigen for cancer immunotherapy with the regulatory approval of dinutuximab, a chimeric anti-GD2 therapeutic antibody. Although the therapeutic efficacy of anti-GD2 monoclonal antibodies is well documented, neuropathic pain may limit its application. O-Acetyl-GD2, the O-acetylated-derivative of GD2, has recently received attention as novel antigen to target GD2-positive cancers. The present paper examines the role of O-acetyl-GD2 in tumor biology as well as the available preclinical data of anti-O-acetyl-GD2 monoclonal antibodies. A discussion on the relevance of O-acetyl-GD2 in chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy development is also included.
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29
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Müller J, Reichel R, Vogt S, Müller SP, Sauerwein W, Brandau W, Eggert A, Schramm A. Identification and Tumour-Binding Properties of a Peptide with High Affinity to the Disialoganglioside GD2. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163648. [PMID: 27716771 PMCID: PMC5055303 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroectodermal tumours are characterized by aberrant processing of disialogangliosides concomitant with high expression of GD2 or GD3 on cell surfaces. Antibodies targeting GD2 are already in clinical use for therapy of neuroblastoma, a solid tumour of early childhood. Here, we set out to identify peptides with high affinity to human disialoganglioside GD2. To this end, we performed a combined in vivo and in vitro screen using a recombinant phage displayed peptide library. We isolated a phage displaying the peptide sequence WHWRLPS that specifically binds to the human disialoganglioside GD2. Binding specificity was confirmed by mutational scanning and by comparative analyses using structurally related disialogangliosides. In vivo, significant enrichment of phage binding to xenografts of human neuroblastoma cells in mice was observed. Tumour-specific phage accumulation could be blocked by intravenous coinjection of the corresponding peptide. Comparative pharmacokinetic analyses revealed higher specific accumulation of 68Ga-labelled GD2-binding peptide compared to 111In-labelled peptide in xenografts of human neuroblastoma. In contrast to 124I-MIBG, which is currently evaluated as a neuroblastoma marker in PET/CT, 68Ga-labelled GD2-specific peptide spared the thyroid but was enriched in the kidneys, which could be partially blocked by infusion of amino acids.In summary, we here report on a novel tumour-homing peptide that specifically binds to the disialoganglioside GD2, accumulates in xenografts of neuroblastoma cells in mice and bears the potential for tumour detection using PET/CT. Thus, this peptide may serve as a new scaffold for diagnosing GD2-positive tumours of neuroectodermal origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Müller
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children’s Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Robin Reichel
- Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Vogt
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children’s Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Stefan P. Müller
- Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Sauerwein
- Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Brandau
- Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Angelika Eggert
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Schramm
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children’s Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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30
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Zubareva AA, Boyko AA, Kholodenko IV, Rozov FN, Larina MV, Aliev TK, Doronin II, Vishnyakova PA, Molotkovskaya IM, Kholodenko RV. Chitosan nanoparticles targeted to the tumor-associated ganglioside GD2. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162016050150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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31
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Mass spectrometry of gangliosides in extracranial tumors: Application to adrenal neuroblastoma. Anal Biochem 2016; 509:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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32
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Durbas M, Horwacik I, Boratyn E, Rokita H. Downregulation of the PHLDA1 gene in IMR-32 neuroblastoma cells increases levels of Aurora A, TRKB and affects proteins involved in apoptosis and autophagy pathways. Int J Oncol 2016; 49:823-37. [PMID: 27278006 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We have recently shown that mRNA and protein of PHLDA1 (pleckstrin-homology-like domain family A, member 1) were by far the most upregulated molecules upon treatment of IMR-32 cells with the anti-GD2 ganglioside monoclonal antibody 14G2a. Hence, we decided to study functions of PHLDA1 using human neuroblastoma IMR-32 cells as a model. Here, we show that constitutive expression of mRNA and protein of the PHLDA1 gene in IMR-32 cells was inversely correlated with transcript of the AURKA gene and Aurora A oncoprotein. Next, we silenced PHLDA1 expression in IMR-32 cells using an shRNA interference method. We report that IMR-32 cells with stable downregulation of PHLDA1 showed enhanced cellular ATP levels and an increase in mitochondrial membrane potential, as compared to control and non-transduced cells. We demonstrated that downregulation of PHLDA1 leads to a significant increase in expression of Aurora A and TRKB that are markers of poor prognosis in neuroblastoma. Also, we measured an increase in Aurora A and Akt kinases phosphorylation in the cells. Most importantly, PHLDA1-silenced cells were less susceptible to apoptosis than control cells, as shown by the lower expression of cleaved caspase-3 and PARP as well as a decreased activity of caspase-3 and -7. Our study negatively correlates expression of PHLDA1 and Aurora A in IMR-32 cells and sheds new light on functions of PHLDA1 in the neuroblastoma tumor cells, suggesting its role as a pro-apoptotic protein. Additionally, our results show possible links of the protein to regulation of features of mitochondria and formation of autophagosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Durbas
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Irena Horwacik
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Boratyn
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Hanna Rokita
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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33
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Borriello L, Seeger RC, Asgharzadeh S, DeClerck YA. More than the genes, the tumor microenvironment in neuroblastoma. Cancer Lett 2015; 380:304-14. [PMID: 26597947 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is the second most common solid tumor in children. Since the seminal discovery of the role of amplification of the MYCN oncogene in the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma in the 1980s, much focus has been on the contribution of genetic alterations in the progression of this cancer. However it is now clear that not only genetic events play a role but that the tumor microenvironment (TME) substantially contributes to the biology of neuroblastoma. In this article, we present a comprehensive review of the literature on the contribution of the TME to the ten hallmarks of cancer in neuroblastoma and discuss the mechanisms of communication between neuroblastoma cells and the TME that underlie the influence of the TME on neuroblastoma progression. We end our review by discussing how the knowledge acquired over the last two decades in this field is now leading to new clinical trials targeting the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Borriello
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Robert C Seeger
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Shahab Asgharzadeh
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Yves A DeClerck
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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34
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Durbas M, Horwacik I, Boratyn E, Kamycka E, Rokita H. GD2 ganglioside specific antibody treatment downregulates PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling network in human neuroblastoma cell lines. Int J Oncol 2015; 47:1143-59. [PMID: 26134970 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms leading to inhibitory effects of an anti-GD2 ganglioside (GD2) 14G2a mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb) and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway inhibitors on human neuroblastoma cell survival were studied in vitro. We have recently shown on IMR-32, CHP‑134, and LA-N-1 neuroblastoma cells that targeting GD2 with the mAb decreases cell viability of the cell lines. In this study we used cytotoxicity assays, proteomic arrays and immunoblotting to evaluate the response of the three cell lines to the anti‑GD2 14G2a mAb and specific PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway inhibitors. We show here that the mAb modulates intracellular signal transduction through changes in several kinases and their substrates phosphorylation. More detailed analysis of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway showed significant decrease in activity of Akt, mTOR, p70 S6 and 4E-BP1 proteins and transient increase in PTEN (a suppressor of the pathway), leading to inhibition of the signaling network responsible for stimulation of translation and proliferation. Additionally, combining the GD2-specific 14G2a mAb with an Akt inhibitor (perifosine), dual mTOR/PI3K inhibitors (BEZ-235 and SAR245409), and a pan-PI3K inhibitor (LY294002) was shown to enhance cytotoxic effects against IMR-32, CHP‑134 and LA-N-1 cells. Our study extends knowledge on mechanisms of action of the 14G2a mAb on the neuroblastoma cells. Also, it stresses the need for further delineation of molecular signal orchestration aimed at more reasonable selection of drugs to target key cellular pathways in quest for better cure for neuroblastoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Durbas
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Irena Horwacik
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Boratyn
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Kamycka
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Hanna Rokita
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Virology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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35
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Horwacik I, Rokita H. Targeting of tumor-associated gangliosides with antibodies affects signaling pathways and leads to cell death including apoptosis. Apoptosis 2015; 20:679-88. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-015-1103-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Vishnyakova PA, Doronin II, Kholodenko IV, Ryazantsev DY, Molotkovskaya IM, Kholodenko RV. Caspases participation in cell death induced by the GD2-specific antibodies. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162014030157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Doronin II, Vishnyakova PA, Kholodenko IV, Ponomarev ED, Ryazantsev DY, Molotkovskaya IM, Kholodenko RV. Ganglioside GD2 in reception and transduction of cell death signal in tumor cells. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:295. [PMID: 24773917 PMCID: PMC4021548 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ganglioside GD2 is expressed on plasma membranes of various types of malignant cells. One of the most promising approaches for cancer immunotherapy is the treatment with monoclonal antibodies recognizing tumor-associated markers such as ganglioside GD2. It is considered that major mechanisms of anticancer activity of anti-GD2 antibodies are complement-dependent cytotoxicity and/or antibody-mediated cellular cytotoxicity. At the same time, several studies suggested that anti-GD2 antibodies are capable of direct induction of cell death of number of tumor cell lines, but it has not been investigated in details. In this study we investigated the functional role of ganglioside GD2 in the induction of cell death of multiple tumor cell lines by using GD2-specific monoclonal antibodies. METHODS Expression of GD2 on different tumor cell lines was analyzed by flow cytometry using anti-GD2 antibodies. By using HPTLC followed by densitometric analysis we measured the amount of ganglioside GD2 in total ganglioside fractions isolated from tumor cell lines. An MTT assay was performed to assess viability of GD2-positive and -negative tumor cell lines treated with anti-GD2 mAbs. Cross-reactivity of anti-GD2 mAbs with other gangliosides or other surface molecules was investigated by ELISA and flow cytometry. Inhibition of GD2 expression was achieved by using of inhibitor for ganglioside synthesis PDMP and/or siRNA for GM2/GD2 and GD3 synthases. RESULTS Anti-GD2 mAbs effectively induced non-classical cell death that combined features of both apoptosis and necrosis in GD2-positive tumor cells and did not affect GD2-negative tumors. Anti-GD2 mAbs directly induced cell death, which included alteration of mitochondrial membrane potential, induction of apoptotic volume decrease and cell membrane permeability. This cytotoxic effect was mediated exclusively by specific binding of anti-GD2 antibodies with ganglioside GD2 but not with other molecules. Moreover, the level of GD2 expression correlated with susceptibility of tumor cell lines to cytotoxic effect of anti-GD2 antibodies. CONCLUSIONS Results of this study demonstrate that anti-GD2 antibodies not only passively bind to the surface of tumor cells but also directly induce rapid cell death after the incubation with GD2-positive tumor cells. These results suggest a new role of GD2 as a receptor that actively transduces death signal in malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor I Doronin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya St., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Polina A Vishnyakova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya St., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Irina V Kholodenko
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya St., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russia
- Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 10, Pogodinskaya St., Moscow 119121, Russia
| | - Eugene D Ponomarev
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin NT, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dmitry Y Ryazantsev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya St., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Irina M Molotkovskaya
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya St., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Roman V Kholodenko
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya St., 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russia
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Navid F, Sondel PM, Barfield R, Shulkin BL, Kaufman RA, Allay JA, Gan J, Hutson P, Seo S, Kim K, Goldberg J, Hank JA, Billups CA, Wu J, Furman WL, McGregor LM, Otto M, Gillies SD, Handgretinger R, Santana VM. Phase I trial of a novel anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody, Hu14.18K322A, designed to decrease toxicity in children with refractory or recurrent neuroblastoma. J Clin Oncol 2014; 32:1445-52. [PMID: 24711551 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2013.50.4423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The addition of immunotherapy, including a combination of anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody (mAb), ch14.18, and cytokines, improves outcome for patients with high-risk neuroblastoma. However, this therapy is limited by ch14.18-related toxicities that may be partially mediated by complement activation. We report the results of a phase I trial to determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), safety profile, and pharmacokinetics of hu14.18K322A, a humanized anti-GD2 mAb with a single point mutation (K322A) that reduces complement-dependent lysis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eligible patients with refractory or recurrent neuroblastoma received escalating doses of hu14.18K322A ranging from 2 to 70 mg/m(2) per day for 4 consecutive days every 28 days (one course). RESULTS Thirty-eight patients (23 males; median age, 7.2 years) received a median of two courses (range, one to 15). Dose-limiting grade 3 or 4 toxicities occurred in four of 36 evaluable patients and were characterized by cough, asthenia, sensory neuropathy, anorexia, serum sickness, and hypertensive encephalopathy. The most common non-dose-limiting grade 3 or 4 toxicities during course one were pain (68%) and fever (21%). Six of 31 patients evaluable for response by iodine-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine score had objective responses (four complete responses; two partial responses). The first-course pharmacokinetics of hu14.18K322A were best described by a two-compartment linear model. Median hu14.18K322A α (initial phase) and β (terminal phase) half-lives were 1.74 and 21.1 days, respectively. CONCLUSION The MTD, and recommended phase II dose, of hu14.18K322A is 60 mg/m(2) per day for 4 days. Adverse effects, predominately pain, were manageable and improved with subsequent courses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Navid
- Fariba Navid, Barry L. Shulkin, Robert A. Kaufman, Catherine A. Billups, Jianrong Wu, Wayne L. Furman, Lisa M. McGregor, and Victor M. Santana, St Jude Children's Research Hospital; Fariba Navid, Robert A. Kaufman, Wayne L. Furman, Lisa M. McGregor, and Victor M. Santana, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center; Jim A. Allay, Children's GMP, Memphis, TN; Paul M. Sondel, Jacek Gan, Paul Hutson, Songwon Seo, KyungMann Kim, Jacob Goldberg, Jacquelyn A. Hank, and Mario Otto, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; Raymond Barfield, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC; Stephen D. Gillies, Provenance Biopharmaceuticals, Carlisle, MA; and Rupert Handgretinger, University Children's Hospital, Tübingen, Germany
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Doronin II, Kholodenko IV, Molotkovskaya IM, Kholodenko RV. Preparation of Fab-fragments of GD2-specific antibodies and analysis of their antitumor activity in vitro. Bull Exp Biol Med 2014; 154:658-63. [PMID: 23658893 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-013-2024-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies ME361 specific to ganglioside GD2 were isolated from the conditioned medium of hybridoma HB9326 and mouse ascitic fluid by the method of affinity chromatography; their Fab-fragments were obtained by proteolytic cleavage with papain. Evaluation of Fab-fragment specificity by flow cytometry and dot-blot analysis showed that binding effectiveness of fragments with antigens was close to that for the full-length molecule of antigen. It was shown that Fab-fragments and whole antibodies ME361 dose-dependently inhibit the proliferation of cells of mice T-lymphoma EL-4, and induce apoptosis of these cells 24 h after incubation.
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Affiliation(s)
- I I Doronin
- M. M. Shemyakin and Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Russia
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Horwacik I, Durbas M, Boratyn E, Węgrzyn P, Rokita H. Targeting GD2 ganglioside and aurora A kinase as a dual strategy leading to cell death in cultures of human neuroblastoma cells. Cancer Lett 2013; 341:248-64. [PMID: 23962557 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Revised: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of the inhibitory effect of anti-GD2 ganglioside (GD2) 14G2a mouse monoclonal antibody (mAb) on human neuroblastoma cells survival was studied in vitro. It was recently shown in IMR-32 cells that death induced by this antibody exhibited several characteristics typical of apoptosis. In this study we used cytotoxixity assays, qRT-PCR and immunoblotting to evaluate the response of several human neuroblastoma cell lines to the anti-GD2 14G2a mAb. We showed that the mAb decreases all three aurora kinases expression and phosphorylation in IMR-32 and LA-N-1 cells. Most importantly, we show, that MK-5108 specific aurora A kinase inhibitor decreases neuroblastoma cell survival, and when used in combination with the mAb, significantly potentiates cytotoxicity against IMR-32, CHP-134, and LA-N-5 neuroblastoma cells in vitro. It was shown that downregulation of aurora A kinase by the therapeutic antibody is associated with decreased levels of MYCN protein in cytoplasm, and induced expression of PHLDA1 and P53 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena Horwacik
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 7, Gronostajowa St., 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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Cochonneau D, Terme M, Michaud A, Dorvillius M, Gautier N, Frikeche J, Alvarez-Rueda N, Bougras G, Aubry J, Paris F, Birklé S. Cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by O-acetyl-GD2-specific monoclonal antibody 8B6 inhibits tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Lett 2013; 333:194-204. [PMID: 23370223 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2012] [Revised: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
O-Acetyl-GD2 ganglioside is suitable antigen for tumor immunotherapy with specific therapeutic antibody. Here, we investigate the anti-tumor activity of O-acetyl-GD2-specific monoclonal antibody 8B6 on O-acetyl-GD2-positive tumor cells. The results indicated that mAb 8B6 induced growth inhibition of O-acetyl-GD2-expressing tumor cell lines in vitro with features of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Monoclonal antibody 8B6 treatment was also very effective in suppression of tumor growth in mice by reducing the proliferation index and increasing the apoptotic index. Such a study represents a useful framework to optimize immunotherapy with O-acetyl-GD2-specific antibody in combination with chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Cochonneau
- Inserm U. 892, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Nantes-Angers, Institut de Recherche en Santé de l'Université de Nantes, 8 quai Moncousu, F-44007 Nantes cedex 1, France
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Vavere AL, Butch ER, Dearling JLJ, Packard AB, Navid F, Shulkin BL, Barfield RC, Snyder SE. 64Cu-p-NH2-Bn-DOTA-hu14.18K322A, a PET radiotracer targeting neuroblastoma and melanoma. J Nucl Med 2012; 53:1772-8. [PMID: 23064212 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.112.104208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The hu14.18K322A variant of the GD2-targeting antibody hu14.18 has been shown to elicit a level of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity toward human neuroblastoma cells similar to that of the parent antibody. However, hu14.18K322A exhibited a decreased complement activation and associated pain, the dose-limiting toxicity in neuroblastoma immunotherapy. PET with a radiolabeled analog of the same antibody used in treatment will provide insight into the ability of hu14.18K322A to reach its target, as well as nontarget uptake that may cause side effects. Such antibody radiotracers might also provide a method for measuring GD2 expression in tumors, thus enabling the prediction of response to anti-GD2 therapy for individual patients. METHODS The conjugation of hu14.18K322A with p-NH(2)-Bn-DOTA was accomplished using N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N'-ethylcarbodiimide with subsequent (64)Cu radiolabeling at 37°C for 30 min. Immunoreactivity of the conjugate was assessed by a dose-escalation blocking experiment measuring binding to purified GD2 versus GD1b as a negative control. Cell uptake and biodistribution studies in M21 (GD2-positive) and PC-3 (GD2-negative) tumor models were performed, as was small-animal PET/CT of M21 and PC-3 tumor-bearing mice. RESULTS The labeling of (64)Cu-p-NH(2)-Bn-DOTA-hu14.18K322A was achieved at more than 95% radiochemical purity and a specific activity of 127-370 MBq/mg (3.4-10 mCi/mg) after chromatographic purification. Preliminary in vitro data demonstrated a greater than 6-fold selectivity of binding to GD2 versus GD1b and dose-dependent inhibition of binding by unmodified hu14.8K322A. In vivo data, including small-animal PET/CT, showed significant GD2-positive tumor-targeting ability, with a persistent 2-fold-higher uptake of radiotracer than in GD2-negative tumors. CONCLUSION (64)Cu-p-NH(2)-Bn-DOTA-hu14.18K322A represents a novel PET radiotracer to facilitate clinical investigations of anti-GD2 immunotherapies and to complement other imaging modalities in the staging and treatment of neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Vavere
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiological Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
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Kroesen M, Lindau D, Hoogerbrugge P, Adema GJ. Immunocombination therapy for high-risk neuroblastoma. Immunotherapy 2012; 4:163-74. [PMID: 22394368 DOI: 10.2217/imt.11.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NBL) is an aggressive malignancy of the sympathetic nervous system. Advanced-stage NBLs prove fatal in approximately 50% of patients within 5 years. Therefore, new treatment modalities are urgently needed. Immunotherapy is a treatment modality that can be combined with established forms of treatment. Administration of monoclonal antibodies or dendritic cell-based therapies alone can lead to favorable clinical outcomes in individual cancer patients; for example patients with melanoma, lymphoma and NBL. However, clinical benefit is still limited to a minority of patients, and further improvements are clearly needed. In this article, we review the most commonly used approaches to treat patients with NBL and highlight the prerequisites and opportunities of cell-based immunotherapy, involving both innate and adaptive immune-effector cells. Furthermore, we discuss the potential of the combined application of immunotherapy and novel tumor-targeted therapies for the treatment of both cancer in general and NBL in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiel Kroesen
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences/278 TIL, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Alvarez-Rueda N, Desselle A, Cochonneau D, Chaumette T, Clemenceau B, Leprieur S, Bougras G, Supiot S, Mussini JM, Barbet J, Saba J, Paris F, Aubry J, Birklé S. A monoclonal antibody to O-acetyl-GD2 ganglioside and not to GD2 shows potent anti-tumor activity without peripheral nervous system cross-reactivity. PLoS One 2011; 6:e25220. [PMID: 21966461 PMCID: PMC3178631 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2011] [Accepted: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against GD2 ganglioside have been shown to be effective for the treatment of neuroblastoma. Beneficial actions are, however, associated with generalized pain due to the binding of anti- GD2 mAbs to peripheral nerve fibers followed by complement activation. Neuroblastoma cells that express GD2 also express its O-acetyl derivative, O-acetyl- GD2 ganglioside (OAcGD2). Hence, we investigated the distribution of OAcGD2 in human tissues using mAb 8B6 to study the cross-reactivity of mAb 8B6 with human tissues. Methodology/Principal Findings The distribution of OAcGD2 was performed in normal and malignant tissues using an immunoperoxydase technique. Anti-tumor properties of mAb 8B6 were studied in vitro and in vivo in a transplanted tumor model in mice. We found that OAcGD2 is not expressed by peripheral nerve fibers. Furthermore, we demonstrated that mAb 8B6 was very effective in the in vitro and in vivo suppression of the growth of tumor cells. Importantly, mAb 8B6 anti-tumor efficacy was comparable to that of mAb 14G2a specific to GD2. Conclusion/Significance Development of therapeutic antibodies specific to OAcGD2 may offer treatment options with reduced adverse side effects, thereby allowing dose escalation of antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidia Alvarez-Rueda
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Nantes Angers, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, U892, France
| | - Ariane Desselle
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Nantes Angers, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, U892, France
| | - Denis Cochonneau
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Nantes Angers, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, U892, France
| | - Tanguy Chaumette
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Nantes Angers, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, U892, France
| | - Béatrice Clemenceau
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Nantes Angers, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, U892, France
| | - Stéphanie Leprieur
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Nantes Angers, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, U892, France
| | - Gwenola Bougras
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Nantes Angers, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, U892, France
| | - Stéphane Supiot
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Nantes Angers, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, U892, France
| | - Jean-Marie Mussini
- Centre de Référence des Maladies Neuro-Musculaires Rares Nantes-Angers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, France
| | - Jacques Barbet
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Nantes Angers, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, U892, France
| | - Julie Saba
- Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, California, United States of America
| | - François Paris
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Nantes Angers, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, U892, France
| | - Jacques Aubry
- UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, France
| | - Stéphane Birklé
- Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Nantes Angers, Inserm, Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, U892, France
- UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université de Nantes, Nantes Atlantique Universités, France
- * E-mail:
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Hernández AM, Rodríguez N, González JE, Reyes E, Rondón T, Griñán T, Macías A, Alfonso S, Vázquez AM, Pérez R. Anti-NeuGcGM3 antibodies, actively elicited by idiotypic vaccination in nonsmall cell lung cancer patients, induce tumor cell death by an oncosis-like mechanism. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 186:3735-44. [PMID: 21300821 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1000609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
1E10 is a murine anti-idiotypic mAb specific for an idiotypic mAb that reacts with NeuGc-containing gangliosides, sulfatides, and Ags expressed in some human tumors. In melanoma, breast, and lung cancer patients, this anti-idiotypic Ab was able to induce a specific Ab response against N-glycosylated gangliosides, attractive targets for cancer immunotherapy as these glycolipids are not naturally expressed in humans. A clinical study with nonsmall cell lung cancer patients showed encouraging clinical benefits. Immunological studies performed in 20 of these patients suggested a correlation between the induction of Abs against NeuGcGM3 and longer survival times. The induced anti-NeuGcGM3 Abs recognized and directly killed tumor cells expressing the Ag, by a mechanism independent of complement activation. In the present work, we show that this cytotoxicity differs from apoptosis because it is temperature independent, no chromatin condensation or caspase 3 induction are detected, and the DNA fragmentation induced has a different pattern than the one characteristic for apoptosis. It is a very quick process and involves cytosqeleton reorganization. The Abs induce cellular swelling and the formation of big membrane lesions that allow the leakage of cytoplasm and the loss of the cell membrane integrity. All of these characteristics resemble a process of oncotic necrosis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the active induction in cancer patients of NeuGcGM3-specific Abs able to induce complement independent oncotic necrosis to tumor cells. These results contribute to reinforcing the therapeutic potential of anti-idiotypic vaccines and the importance of NeuGcGM3 ganglioside as antitumor target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana María Hernández
- Department of Antibody Engineering, Center of Molecular Immunology, Havana 11600, Cuba.
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Ferris RL, Jaffee EM, Ferrone S. Tumor antigen-targeted, monoclonal antibody-based immunotherapy: clinical response, cellular immunity, and immunoescape. J Clin Oncol 2010; 28:4390-9. [PMID: 20697078 PMCID: PMC2954137 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.6360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2009] [Accepted: 06/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Tumor antigen (TA) -targeted monoclonal antibodies (mAb), rituximab, trastuzumab, and cetuximab, are clinically effective for some advanced malignancies, especially in conjunction with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. However, these results are only seen in a subset (20% to 30%) of patients. We discuss the immunologic mechanism(s) underlying these clinical findings and their potential role in the variability in patients' clinical response. METHODS We reviewed the evidence indicating that the effects of TA-targeted mAb-based immunotherapy are mediated not only by inhibition of signaling pathways, but also by cell-mediated cytotoxicity triggered by the infused TA-targeted mAb. We analyzed the immunologic variables that can influence the outcome of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) in vitro and in animal model systems. We also analyzed the correlation reported between these variables and the clinical response to mAb-based immunotherapy. RESULTS Of the variables that influence ADCC mediated by TA-targeted mAb, only polymorphisms of Fcγ receptors (FcγR) expressed by patients' lymphocytes were correlated with clinical efficacy. However, this correlation is not absolute and is not observed in all malignancies. Thus other variables may be responsible for the antitumor effects seen in mAb-treated patients. We discuss the evidence that triggering of TA-specific cellular immunity by TA-targeted mAb, in conjunction with immune escape mechanisms used by tumor cells, may contribute to the differential clinical responses to mAb-based immunotherapy. CONCLUSION Identification of the mechanism(s) underlying the clinical response of patients with cancer treated with TA-targeted mAb is crucial to optimizing their application in the clinic and to selecting the patients most likely to benefit from their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Ferris
- The Hillman Cancer Center Research Pavilion, 5117 Centre Ave, Room 2.26b, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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Specific antibodies induce apoptosis in Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes. Parasitol Res 2010; 106:1327-37. [PMID: 20237802 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-010-1803-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2009] [Accepted: 02/16/2010] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The susceptibility of Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes to lysis by normal or immune sera in a complement-dependent reaction has been reported. Mouse immune sera depleted complement-induced damage in epimastigotes characterized by morphological changes and death. The purpose of this work was to study the mechanism of death in epimastigotes exposed to decomplemented mouse immune serum. Epimastigotes were maintained in RPMI medium. Immune sera were prepared in mice by immunization with whole crude epimastigote extracts. Viable epimastigotes were incubated with decomplemented normal or immune sera at 37 degrees C. By electron microscopy, agglutinated parasites showed characteristic patterns of membrane fusion between two or more parasites; this fusion also produced interdigitation of the subpellicular microtubules. Apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and annexin V assays. Nuclear features were examined by 4'-,6-diamidino-2'-phenylindole diHCI cytochemistry that demonstrated apoptotic nuclear condensation. Caspase activity was also measured. TUNEL results showed that parasites incubated with decomplemented immune sera took up 26% of specific fluorescence as compared to 1.3% in parasites incubated with decomplemented normal sera. The Annexin-V-Fluos staining kit revealed that epimastigotes incubated with decomplemented immune sera exposed phosphatidylserine on the external leaflet of the plasma membrane. The incubation of parasites with immune sera showed caspase 3 activity. We conclude that specific antibodies are able to induce agglutination and apoptosis in epimastigotes, although the pathway is not elucidated.
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Di Paolo D, Loi M, Pastorino F, Brignole C, Marimpietri D, Becherini P, Caffa I, Zorzoli A, Longhi R, Gagliani C, Tacchetti C, Corti A, Allen TM, Ponzoni M, Pagnan G. Chapter 12 Liposome-Mediated Therapy of Neuroblastoma. Methods Enzymol 2009; 465:225-49. [DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(09)65012-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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