1
|
Mayani H, Chávez-González A, Vázquez-Santillan K, Contreras J, Guzman ML. Cancer Stem Cells: Biology and Therapeutic Implications. Arch Med Res 2022; 53:770-784. [PMID: 36462951 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2022.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
It is well recognized that most cancers derive and progress from transformation and clonal expansion of a single cell that possesses stem cell properties, i.e., self-renewal and multilineage differentiation capacities. Such cancer stem cells (CSCs) are usually present at very low frequencies and possess properties that make them key players in tumor development. Indeed, besides having the ability to initiate tumor growth, CSCs drive tumor progression and metastatic dissemination, are resistant to most cancer drugs, and are responsible for cancer relapse. All of these features make CSCs attractive targets for the development of more effective oncologic treatments. In the present review article, we have summarized recent advances in the biology of CSCs, including their identification through their immunophenotype, and their physiology, both in vivo and in vitro. We have also analyzed some molecular markers that might become targets for developing new therapies aiming at hampering CSCs regeneration and cancer relapse.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hector Mayani
- Unidad de Investigaci..n en Enfermedades Oncol..gicas, Hospital de Oncolog.ía, Centro M..dico Nacional SXXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Ciudad de M..xico, M..xico.
| | - Antonieta Chávez-González
- Unidad de Investigaci..n en Enfermedades Oncol..gicas, Hospital de Oncolog.ía, Centro M..dico Nacional SXXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Ciudad de M..xico, M..xico
| | | | - Jorge Contreras
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Monica L Guzman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ehudin MA, Golla U, Trivedi D, Potlakayala SD, Rudrabhatla SV, Desai D, Dovat S, Claxton D, Sharma A. Therapeutic Benefits of Selenium in Hematological Malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147972. [PMID: 35887320 PMCID: PMC9323677 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Supplementing chemotherapy and radiotherapy with selenium has been shown to have benefits against various cancers. This approach has also been shown to alleviate the side effects associated with standard cancer therapies and improve the quality of life in patients. In addition, selenium levels in patients have been correlated with various cancers and have served as a diagnostic marker to track the efficiency of treatments or to determine whether these selenium levels cause or are a result of the disease. This concise review presents a survey of the selenium-based literature, with a focus on hematological malignancies, to demonstrate the significant impact of selenium in different cancers. The anti-cancer mechanisms and signaling pathways regulated by selenium, which impart its efficacious properties, are discussed. An outlook into the relationship between selenium and cancer is highlighted to guide future cancer therapy development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie A. Ehudin
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (M.A.E.); (S.D.)
| | - Upendarrao Golla
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (U.G.); (D.C.)
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (D.T.); (D.D.)
| | - Devnah Trivedi
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (D.T.); (D.D.)
| | - Shobha D. Potlakayala
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science Engineering and Technology, Penn State Harrisburg, Middletown, PA 17057, USA; (S.D.P.); (S.V.R.)
| | - Sairam V. Rudrabhatla
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science Engineering and Technology, Penn State Harrisburg, Middletown, PA 17057, USA; (S.D.P.); (S.V.R.)
| | - Dhimant Desai
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (D.T.); (D.D.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Sinisa Dovat
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (M.A.E.); (S.D.)
| | - David Claxton
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (U.G.); (D.C.)
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (D.T.); (D.D.)
| | - Arati Sharma
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (U.G.); (D.C.)
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA; (D.T.); (D.D.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhou M, Zhang X, Liu C, Nie D, Li S, Lai P, Jin Y. Targeting protein lysine methyltransferase G9A impairs self-renewal of chronic myelogenous leukemia stem cells via upregulation of SOX6. Oncogene 2021; 40:3564-3577. [PMID: 33931742 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01799-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The application of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in clinic has revolutionized chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) treatment, but fails to eliminate leukemia stem cells (LSCs), which are considered as roots of drug resistance and disease relapse. Thus, eradication of LSCs may be a promising strategy for curing CML. In this study, we found that protein lysine methyltransferase G9A was overexpressed in CML LSCs. The upregulation of G9A by BCR-ABL was independent on its tyrosine kinase activity. Knockdown of G9A by shRNAs or pharmacological inhibition of G9A by UNC0642 significantly suppressed survival and impaired self-renewal capacity of CML LSCs. Inhibition of G9a eradicated LSCs in CML mice driven by BCR-ABL gene and dramatically prolonged survival of the mice. Ex vivo treatment with G9A inhibitor inhibited long-term engraftment of CML CD34+ cells in immunodeficient mice. Mechanically, tumor suppressor SOX6 was identified as a direct target of G9A in CML LSCs by RNA-seq analysis. Silencing Sox6 at least partially rescued G9a knockdown-mediated LSCs elimination in vivo. Our findings improve the understanding of LSC regulation network and validate G9A as a therapeutic target in CML LSCs. Targeting G9A may be considered as an additional strategy for the treatment of patients with CML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhou
- Jinan University Institute of Tumor Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Jinan University Institute of Tumor Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Jinan University Institute of Tumor Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danian Nie
- Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuyi Li
- Jinan University Institute of Tumor Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peilong Lai
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong General Hospital/Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanli Jin
- Jinan University Institute of Tumor Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rezcallah MC, Al-Mazi T, Ammit AJ. Cataloguing the phosphorylation sites of tristetraprolin (TTP): Functional implications for inflammatory diseases. Cell Signal 2020; 78:109868. [PMID: 33276085 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Tristetraprolin (TTP) is a destabilizing mRNA binding protein known to regulate gene expression of a wide variety of targets, including those that control inflammation. TTP expression, regulation and function is controlled by phosphorylation. While the importance of key serine (S) sites (S52 and S178 in mice and S186 in humans) has been recognized, other sites on the hyperphosphorylated TTP protein have more recently emerged as playing an important role in regulating cellular signalling and downstream functions of TTP. In order to propel investigation of TTP and fully exploit its potential as a drug target in inflammatory disease, this review will catalogue TTP phosphorylation sites in both the murine and human TTP protein, the known and unknown roles and functions of these sites, the kinases and phosphatases that act upon TTP and overview methodological approaches to increase our knowledge of this important protein regulated by phosphorylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Rezcallah
- Woolcock Emphysema Centre, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Trisha Al-Mazi
- Woolcock Emphysema Centre, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alaina J Ammit
- Woolcock Emphysema Centre, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lee S, Micalizzi D, Truesdell SS, Bukhari SIA, Boukhali M, Lombardi-Story J, Kato Y, Choo MK, Dey-Guha I, Ji F, Nicholson BT, Myers DT, Lee D, Mazzola MA, Raheja R, Langenbucher A, Haradhvala NJ, Lawrence MS, Gandhi R, Tiedje C, Diaz-Muñoz MD, Sweetser DA, Sadreyev R, Sykes D, Haas W, Haber DA, Maheswaran S, Vasudevan S. A post-transcriptional program of chemoresistance by AU-rich elements and TTP in quiescent leukemic cells. Genome Biol 2020; 21:33. [PMID: 32039742 PMCID: PMC7011231 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-020-1936-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quiescence (G0) is a transient, cell cycle-arrested state. By entering G0, cancer cells survive unfavorable conditions such as chemotherapy and cause relapse. While G0 cells have been studied at the transcriptome level, how post-transcriptional regulation contributes to their chemoresistance remains unknown. RESULTS We induce chemoresistant and G0 leukemic cells by serum starvation or chemotherapy treatment. To study post-transcriptional regulation in G0 leukemic cells, we systematically analyzed their transcriptome, translatome, and proteome. We find that our resistant G0 cells recapitulate gene expression profiles of in vivo chemoresistant leukemic and G0 models. In G0 cells, canonical translation initiation is inhibited; yet we find that inflammatory genes are highly translated, indicating alternative post-transcriptional regulation. Importantly, AU-rich elements (AREs) are significantly enriched in the upregulated G0 translatome and transcriptome. Mechanistically, we find the stress-responsive p38 MAPK-MK2 signaling pathway stabilizes ARE mRNAs by phosphorylation and inactivation of mRNA decay factor, Tristetraprolin (TTP) in G0. This permits expression of ARE mRNAs that promote chemoresistance. Conversely, inhibition of TTP phosphorylation by p38 MAPK inhibitors and non-phosphorylatable TTP mutant decreases ARE-bearing TNFα and DUSP1 mRNAs and sensitizes leukemic cells to chemotherapy. Furthermore, co-inhibiting p38 MAPK and TNFα prior to or along with chemotherapy substantially reduces chemoresistance in primary leukemic cells ex vivo and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS These studies uncover post-transcriptional regulation underlying chemoresistance in leukemia. Our data reveal the p38 MAPK-MK2-TTP axis as a key regulator of expression of ARE-bearing mRNAs that promote chemoresistance. By disrupting this pathway, we develop an effective combination therapy against chemosurvival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sooncheol Lee
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN4202, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02114, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Douglas Micalizzi
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN4202, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02114, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Samuel S Truesdell
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN4202, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Syed I A Bukhari
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN4202, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02114, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Myriam Boukhali
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN4202, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02114, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jennifer Lombardi-Story
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN4202, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02114, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yasutaka Kato
- Laboratory of Oncology, Hokuto Hospital, Obihiro, Japan
| | - Min-Kyung Choo
- Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Ipsita Dey-Guha
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN4202, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02114, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Fei Ji
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Benjamin T Nicholson
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN4202, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - David T Myers
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN4202, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Dongjun Lee
- Department of Convergence Medical Science, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, 1257-1258, South Korea
| | - Maria A Mazzola
- Center for Neurological Diseases, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Radhika Raheja
- Center for Neurological Diseases, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Adam Langenbucher
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN4202, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Nicholas J Haradhvala
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN4202, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard & MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Michael S Lawrence
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN4202, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
- Broad Institute of Harvard & MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - Roopali Gandhi
- Center for Neurological Diseases, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Christopher Tiedje
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Manuel D Diaz-Muñoz
- Centre de Physiopathologie Toulouse-Purpan, INSERM UMR1043/CNRS U5282, Toulouse, France
| | - David A Sweetser
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN4202, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Medical Genetics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Ruslan Sadreyev
- Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - David Sykes
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02114, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Wilhelm Haas
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN4202, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02114, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel A Haber
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN4202, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02114, Massachusetts, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, 20815, USA
| | - Shyamala Maheswaran
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN4202, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129, USA
| | - Shobha Vasudevan
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge St, CPZN4202, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02114, Massachusetts, USA.
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Park CS, Lewis AH, Chen TJ, Bridges CS, Shen Y, Suppipat K, Puppi M, Tomolonis JA, Pang PD, Mistretta TA, Ma L, Green MR, Rau R, Lacorazza HD. A KLF4-DYRK2-mediated pathway regulating self-renewal in CML stem cells. Blood 2019; 134:1960-1972. [PMID: 31515251 PMCID: PMC6887114 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2018875922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukemia stem cells are a rare population with a primitive progenitor phenotype that can initiate, sustain, and recapitulate leukemia through a poorly understood mechanism of self-renewal. Here, we report that Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) promotes disease progression in a murine model of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)-like myeloproliferative neoplasia by repressing an inhibitory mechanism of preservation in leukemia stem/progenitor cells with leukemia-initiating capacity. Deletion of the Klf4 gene severely abrogated the maintenance of BCR-ABL1(p210)-induced CML by impairing survival and self-renewal in BCR-ABL1+ CD150+ lineage-negative Sca-1+ c-Kit+ leukemic cells. Mechanistically, KLF4 repressed the Dyrk2 gene in leukemic stem/progenitor cells; thus, loss of KLF4 resulted in elevated levels of dual-specificity tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 2 (DYRK2), which were associated with inhibition of survival and self-renewal via depletion of c-Myc protein and p53 activation. In addition to transcriptional regulation, stabilization of DYRK2 protein by inhibiting ubiquitin E3 ligase SIAH2 with vitamin K3 promoted apoptosis and abrogated self-renewal in murine and human CML stem/progenitor cells. Altogether, our results suggest that DYRK2 is a molecular checkpoint controlling p53- and c-Myc-mediated regulation of survival and self-renewal in CML cells with leukemic-initiating capacity that can be targeted with small molecules.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Cell Survival/genetics
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism
- Gene Deletion
- Humans
- Kruppel-Like Factor 4
- Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/genetics
- Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/genetics
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/genetics
- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism
- Vitamin K 3/pharmacology
- Dyrk Kinases
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew H Lewis
- Department of Pathology and Immunology and
- Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Taylor J Chen
- Department of Pathology and Immunology and
- Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | - Ye Shen
- Department of Pathology and Immunology and
- Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Koramit Suppipat
- Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | | | | | - Paul D Pang
- Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | - Leyuan Ma
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Michael R Green
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA
| | - Rachel Rau
- Department of Pediatrics-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Toma M, Skorski T, Sliwinski T. DNA Double Strand Break Repair - Related Synthetic Lethality. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:1446-1482. [PMID: 29421999 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180201114306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a heterogeneous disease with a high degree of diversity between and within tumors. Our limited knowledge of their biology results in ineffective treatment. However, personalized approach may represent a milestone in the field of anticancer therapy. It can increase specificity of treatment against tumor initiating cancer stem cells (CSCs) and cancer progenitor cells (CPCs) with minimal effect on normal cells and tissues. Cancerous cells carry multiple genetic and epigenetic aberrations which may disrupt pathways essential for cell survival. Discovery of synthetic lethality has led a new hope of creating effective and personalized antitumor treatment. Synthetic lethality occurs when simultaneous inactivation of two genes or their products causes cell death whereas individual inactivation of either gene is not lethal. The effectiveness of numerous anti-tumor therapies depends on induction of DNA damage therefore tumor cells expressing abnormalities in genes whose products are crucial for DNA repair pathways are promising targets for synthetic lethality. Here, we discuss mechanistic aspects of synthetic lethality in the context of deficiencies in DNA double strand break repair pathways. In addition, we review clinical trials utilizing synthetic lethality interactions and discuss the mechanisms of resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Toma
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Skorski
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, 3400 North Broad Street, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, United States
| | - Tomasz Sliwinski
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li J, Lu L, Zhang YH, Xu Y, Liu M, Feng K, Chen L, Kong X, Huang T, Cai YD. Identification of leukemia stem cell expression signatures through Monte Carlo feature selection strategy and support vector machine. Cancer Gene Ther 2019; 27:56-69. [PMID: 31138902 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-019-0105-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a type of blood cancer characterized by the rapid growth of immature white blood cells from the bone marrow. Therapy resistance resulting from the persistence of leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are found in numerous patients. Comparative transcriptome studies have been previously conducted to analyze differentially expressed genes between LSC+ and LSC- cells. However, these studies mainly focused on a limited number of genes with the most obvious expression differences between the two cell types. We developed a computational approach incorporating several machine learning algorithms, including Monte Carlo feature selection (MCFS), incremental feature selection (IFS), support vector machine (SVM), Repeated Incremental Pruning to Produce Error Reduction (RIPPER), to identify gene expression features specific to LSCs. One thousand 0ne hudred fifty-nine features (genes) were first identified, which can be used to build the optimal SVM classifier for distinguishing LSC+ and LSC- cells. Among these 1159 genes, the top 17 genes were identified as LSC-specific biomarkers. In addition, six classification rules were produced by RIPPER algorithm. The subsequent literature review on these features/genes and the classification rules and functional enrichment analyses of the 1159 features/genes confirmed the relevance of extracted genes and rules to the characteristics of LSCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JiaRui Li
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, P. R. China.,School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Yu-Hang Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, P. R. China
| | - YaoChen Xu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, P. R. China
| | - Min Liu
- College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, 201306, P. R. China
| | - KaiYan Feng
- Department of Computer Science, Guangdong AIB Polytechnic, Guangzhou, 510507, P. R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai, 201306, P. R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of PMMP, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - XiangYin Kong
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, P. R. China.
| | - Tao Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, P. R. China.
| | - Yu-Dong Cai
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lo TH, Abadir E, Gasiorowski RE, Kabani K, Ramesh M, Orellana D, Fromm PD, Kupresanin F, Newman E, Cunningham I, Hart DNJ, Silveira PA, Clark GJ. Examination of CD302 as a potential therapeutic target for acute myeloid leukemia. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216368. [PMID: 31075107 PMCID: PMC6510432 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common form of adult acute leukemia with ~20,000 new cases yearly. The disease develops in people of all ages, but is more prominent in the elderly, who due to limited treatment options, have poor overall survival rates. Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) targeting specific cell surface molecules have proven to be safe and effective in different haematological malignancies. However, AML target molecules are currently limited so discovery of new targets would be highly beneficial to patients. We examined the C-type lectin receptor CD302 as a potential therapeutic target for AML due to its selective expression in myeloid immune populations. In a cohort of 33 AML patients with varied morphological and karyotypic classifications, 88% were found to express CD302 on the surface of blasts and 80% on the surface of CD34+ CD38- population enriched with leukemic stem cells. A mAb targeting human CD302 was effective in mediating antibody dependent cell cytotoxicity and was internalised, making it amenable to toxin conjugation. Targeting CD302 with antibody limited in vivo engraftment of the leukemic cell line HL-60 in NOD/SCID mice. While CD302 was expressed in a hepatic cell line, HepG2, this molecule was not detected on the surface of HepG2, nor could HepG2 be killed using a CD302 antibody-drug conjugate. Expression was however found on the surface of haematopoietic stem cells suggesting that targeting CD302 would be most effective prior to haematopoietic transplantation. These studies provide the foundation for examining CD302 as a potential therapeutic target for AML.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Animals
- Antigens, Neoplasm/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/pharmacology
- Blast Crisis/drug therapy
- Blast Crisis/metabolism
- Blast Crisis/pathology
- Drug Delivery Systems
- Female
- HL-60 Cells
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- Hep G2 Cells
- Humans
- Lectins, C-Type/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/therapy
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- Middle Aged
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsun-Ho Lo
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Edward Abadir
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Robin E. Gasiorowski
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Haematology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Karieshma Kabani
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Murari Ramesh
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniel Orellana
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Phillip D. Fromm
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Fiona Kupresanin
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Newman
- Department of Haematology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ilona Cunningham
- Department of Haematology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Derek N. J. Hart
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Haematology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Pablo A. Silveira
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Georgina J. Clark
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ji Q, Ding YH, Sun Y, Zhang Y, Gao HE, Song HN, Yang M, Liu XL, Zhang ZX, Li YH, Gao YD. Antineoplastic effects and mechanisms of micheliolide in acute myelogenous leukemia stem cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:65012-65023. [PMID: 27542251 PMCID: PMC5323134 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukemic stem cells (LSCs) greatly contribute to the initiation, relapse, and multidrug resistance of leukemia. Current therapies targeting the cell cycle and rapidly growing leukemic cells, including conventional chemotherapy, have little effect due to the self-renewal and differentiated malignant cells replenishment ability of LSCs despite their scarce supply in the bone marrow. Micheliolide (MCL) is a natural guaianolide sesquiterpene lactone (GSL) which was discovered in michelia compressa and michelia champaca plants, and has been shown to exert selective cytotoxic effects on CD34+CD38− LSCs. In this study, we demonstrate that DMAMCL significantly prolongs the lifespan of a mouse model of human acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Mechanistic investigations further revealed that MCL exerted its cytotoxic effects via inhibition of NF-κB expression and activity, and by generating intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). These results provide valuable insight into the mechanisms underlying MCL-induced cytotoxicity of LSCs, and support further preclinical investigations of MCL-related therapies for the treatment of AML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Hui Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, P. R. China.,The State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China
| | - Yue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Er Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, P. R. China
| | - He-Nan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, P. R. China
| | - Ming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Xiang Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Dai Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Celecoxib inhibits proliferation and survival of chronic myelogeous leukemia (CML) cells via AMPK-dependent regulation of β-catenin and mTORC1/2. Oncotarget 2018; 7:81555-81570. [PMID: 27835591 PMCID: PMC5348412 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
CML is effectively treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). However, the efficacy of these drugs is confined to the chronic phase of the disease and development of resistance to TKIs remains a pressing issue. The anti-inflammatory COX2 inhibitor celecoxib has been utilized as anti-tumour drug due to its anti-proliferative activity. However, its effects in hematological malignancies, in particular CML, have not been investigated yet. Thus, we tested biological effects and mechanisms of action of celecoxib in Philadelphia-positive (Ph+) CML and ALL cells. We show here that celecoxib suppresses the growth of Ph+ cell lines by increasing G1-phase and apoptotic cells and reducing S- and G2-phase cells. These effects were independent of COX2 inhibition but required the rapid activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and the consequent inhibition mTORC1 and 2. Treatment with celecoxib also restored GSK3β function and led to down-regulation of β-catenin activity through transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms, two effects likely to contribute to Ph+ cell growth suppression by celecoxib. Celecoxib inhibited colony formation of TKI-resistant Ph+ cell lines including those with the T315I BCR-ABL mutation and acted synergistically with imatinib in suppressing colony formation of TKI-sensitive Ph+ cell lines. Finally, it suppressed colony formation of CD34+ cells from CML patients, while sparing most CD34+ progenitors from healthy donors, and induced apoptosis of primary Ph+ ALL cells. Together, these findings indicate that celecoxib may serve as a COX2-independent lead compound to simultaneously target the mTOR and β-catenin pathways, key players in the resistance of CML stem cells to TKIs.
Collapse
|
12
|
The human Smoothened inhibitor PF-04449913 induces exit from quiescence and loss of multipotent Drosophila hematopoietic progenitor cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:55313-55327. [PMID: 27486815 PMCID: PMC5342419 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficient treatment of hematological malignancies as Acute Myeloid Leukemia, myelofibrosis and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, requires the elimination of cancer-initiating cells and the prevention of disease relapse through targeting pathways that stimulate generation and maintenance of these cells. In mammals, inhibition of Smoothened, the key mediator of the Hedgehog signaling pathway, reduces Chronic Myeloid Leukemia progression and propagation. These findings make Smo a candidate target to inhibit maintenance of leukemia-initiating cells. In Drosophila melanogaster the same pathway maintains the hematopoietic precursor cells of the lymph gland, the hematopoietic organ that develops in the larva. Using Drosophila as an in vivo model, we investigated the mode of action of PF-04449913, a small-molecule inhibitor of the human Smo protein. Drosophila larvae fed with PF-04449913 showed traits of altered hematopoietic homeostasis. These include the development of melanotic nodules, increase of circulating hemocytes, the size increase of the lymph gland and accelerated differentiation of blood cells likely due to the exit of multi-potent precursors from quiescence. Importantly, the Smo inhibition can lead to the complete loss of hematopoietic precursors. We conclude that PF-04449913 inhibits Drosophila Smo blocking the Hh signaling pathway and causing the loss of hematopoietic precursor cells. Interestingly, this is the effect expected in patients treated with PF-04449913: number decrease of cancer initiating cells in the bone marrow to reduce the risk of leukemia relapse. Altogether our results indicate that Drosophila comprises a model system for the in vivo study of molecules that target evolutionary conserved pathways implicated in human hematological malignancies.
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang L, Wen X, Li M, Li S, Zhao H. Targeting cancer stem cells and signaling pathways by resveratrol and pterostilbene. Biofactors 2018; 44:61-68. [PMID: 29205560 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In past decades, increasing evidence regarding cancer stem cells (CSCs) may account for carcinogenesis, tumor drug-resistant, and metastasis. CSCs are even considered as the root causes of tumor recurrence and metastases. Targeting CSCs may provide a new clue to cure cancer. Epidemiological and clinical studies have suggested that intake of dietary natural products may bring health benefits including lowering risk of cancer incidence. In this review, we have particularly focused on targeting signaling pathways of CSCs by natural resveratrol and its dimethylated derivative pterostilbene. © 2017 BioFactors, 44(1):61-68, 2018.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology, Food Science Division, School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources, Food Science Division, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, Hubei, China
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Evaluation Centre for the Toxicology of Fertility Regulating Drug, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC of Shanghai; Food Science Division, Reproductive and Developmental Research Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Wen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology, Food Science Division, School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology, Food Science Division, School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
| | - Shiming Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources, Food Science Division, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, Hubei, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food and Biotechnology, Food Science Division, School of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bukhari SIA, Truesdell SS, Vasudevan S. Analysis of MicroRNA-Mediated Translation Activation of In Vitro Transcribed Reporters in Quiescent Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1686:251-264. [PMID: 29030826 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7371-2_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Quiescence (G0) is defined as an assortment of cell cycle arrested states that exhibit distinct properties. Leukemias harbor a subpopulation of G0 cells that can be enriched by growth factor deprivation or serum starvation. Target site reporters with shortened poly(A) tails show translation activation by microRNAs, via a noncanonical mechanism, when introduced into the nucleus of G0 cells. This is because recruitment by the activation causing FXR1a-microRNA-protein complex (FXR1a-microRNP) is nuclear and requires shortened poly(A) tails to avoid repressive factors and canonical translation. When introduced into the cytoplasm, target mRNAs and microRNAs are directed toward repression rather than translation activation. Leukemic cell lines are difficult to transfect but can be routinely nucleofected-where in vitro transcribed mRNA reporters and microRNAs are introduced into the nucleus of G0 leukemic cells. Nucleofection of a microRNA target reporter and either cognate, targeting microRNA, or control microRNA, into the nucleus of G0 cells, enables analysis of translation activation by microRNAs in G0. We discuss a modified protocol that we developed for transfection of mRNAs along with microRNAs to test translation regulation by microRNAs in G0 leukemic cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syed I A Bukhari
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Samuel S Truesdell
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Shobha Vasudevan
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chen J, Wei H, Cheng J, Xie B, Wang B, Yi J, Tian B, Liu Z, Wang F, Zhang Z. Characteristics of doxorubicin-selected multidrug-resistant human leukemia HL-60 cells with tolerance to arsenic trioxide and contribution of leukemia stem cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:1255-1262. [PMID: 29399180 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study selected and characterized a multidrug-resistant HL-60 human acute promyelocytic leukemia cell line, HL-60/RS, by exposure to stepwise incremental doses of doxorubicin. The drug-resistant HL-60/RS cells exhibited 85.68-fold resistance to doxorubicin and were cross-resistant to other chemotherapeutics, including cisplatin, daunorubicin, cytarabine, vincristine and etoposide. The cells over-expressed the transporters P-glycoprotein, multidrug-resistance-related protein 1 and breast-cancer-resistance protein, encoded by the adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC)B1, ABCC1 and ABCG2 genes, respectively. Unlike other recognized chemoresistant leukemia cell lines, HL-60/RS cells were also strongly cross-resistant to arsenic trioxide. The proportion of leukemia stem cells (LSCs) increased synchronously with increased of drug resistance in the doxorubicin-induced HL-60 cell population. The present study confirmed that doxorubicin-induced HL-60 cells exhibited multidrug-resistance and high arsenic-trioxide resistance. Drug-resistance in these cells may be due to surviving chemoresistant LSCs in the HL-60 population, which have been subjected to long and consecutive selection by doxorubicin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Hulai Wei
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Jie Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Bei Xie
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Bei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Juan Yi
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Baoying Tian
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Zhuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Feifei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Zhewen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Pietarinen PO, Eide CA, Ayuda-Durán P, Potdar S, Kuusanmäki H, Andersson EI, Mpindi JP, Pemovska T, Kontro M, Heckman CA, Kallioniemi O, Wennerberg K, Hjorth-Hansen H, Druker BJ, Enserink JM, Tyner JW, Mustjoki S, Porkka K. Differentiation status of primary chronic myeloid leukemia cells affects sensitivity to BCR-ABL1 inhibitors. Oncotarget 2017; 8:22606-22615. [PMID: 28186983 PMCID: PMC5410248 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are the mainstay treatment of BCR-ABL1-positive leukemia and virtually all patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CP CML) respond to TKI therapy. However, there is limited information on the cellular mechanisms of response and particularly on the effect of cell differentiation state to TKI sensitivity in vivo and ex vivo/in vitro. We used multiple, independent high-throughput drug sensitivity and resistance testing platforms that collectively evaluated 295 oncology compounds to characterize ex vivo drug response profiles of primary cells freshly collected from newly-diagnosed patients with BCR-ABL1-positive leukemia (n = 40) and healthy controls (n = 12). In contrast to the highly TKI-sensitive cells from blast phase CML and Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia, primary CP CML cells were insensitive to TKI therapy ex vivo. Despite maintaining potent BCR-ABL1 inhibitory activity, ex vivo viability of cells was unaffected by TKIs. These findings were validated in two independent patient cohorts and analysis platforms. All CP CML patients under study responded to TKI therapy in vivo. When CP CML cells were sorted based on CD34 expression, the CD34-positive progenitor cells showed good sensitivity to TKIs, whereas the more mature CD34-negative cells were markedly less sensitive. Thus in CP CML, TKIs predominantly target the progenitor cell population while the differentiated leukemic cells (mostly cells from granulocytic series) are insensitive to BCR-ABL1 inhibition. These findings have implications for drug discovery in CP CML and indicate a fundamental biological difference between CP CML and advanced forms of BCR-ABL1-positive leukemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paavo O Pietarinen
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Department of Hematology, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Christopher A Eide
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Swapnil Potdar
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Heikki Kuusanmäki
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Emma I Andersson
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Department of Hematology, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - John P Mpindi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tea Pemovska
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Research Center for Molecular Medicine (CeMM) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mika Kontro
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Department of Hematology, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Caroline A Heckman
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olli Kallioniemi
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Krister Wennerberg
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Henrik Hjorth-Hansen
- Department of Hematology, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway and Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Brian J Druker
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey W Tyner
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Satu Mustjoki
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Department of Hematology, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kimmo Porkka
- Hematology Research Unit Helsinki, University of Helsinki and Department of Hematology, Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhang X, Liu Y, Lu L, Huang S, Ding Y, Zhang Y, Guo Q, Li Z, Zhao L. Oroxyloside A Overcomes Bone Marrow Microenvironment-Mediated Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia Resistance to Imatinib via Suppressing Hedgehog Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:526. [PMID: 28848440 PMCID: PMC5554535 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Imatinib (IM), as first inhibitor of the oncogenic tyrosine kinase BCR-ABL, has been widely used to treat chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) for decades in clinic. However, resistance to IM usually occurs in CML patients. The bone marrow (BM), as the predominant microenvironment of CML, secretes an abundant amount of cytokines, which may contribute to drug resistance. In current study, we utilized in vitro K562 co-culture model with BM stroma to investigate IM resistance. As a result, co-culturing of K562 with BM stroma was sufficient to cause resistance to IM, which was accompanied with the activation of hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway and upregulation of BCR-ABL as well as its downstream proteins like phosphorylated Akt, Bcl-xL and survivin, etc. On the other hand, oroxyloside A (OAG), a metabolite of oroxylin A from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, which had low toxic effect on K562 cells, was able to sensitize K562 cells co-cultured with BM stroma to IM treatment in vitro and in vivo. We observed that OAG suppressed Hh pathway and subsequently nuclear translocation of GLI1, followed by downregulation of BCR-ABL and its downstream effectors, thus facilitating IM to induce apoptosis of K562 cells. Together, BM microenvironment rendered K562 cells drug resistance through activating Hh signaling, however, OAG could overcome IM resistance of CML cells through inhibiting Hh-BCR-ABL axis in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Yicheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Lu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Shaoliang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Youxiang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Qinglong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| | - Li Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Intervention, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang J, Zhao A, Sun L, Chen W, Zhang H, Chen Z, Liu F. Selective surface marker and miRNA profiles of CD34 + blast-derived microvesicles in chronic myelogenous leukemia. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:1866-1874. [PMID: 28789422 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed at investigating the selective enrichment of surface marker and functional microRNA (miRNA) profiles of cluster of differentiation (CD)34+ blast-derived microvesicles (MVs) from parental cells in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), thus providing an experimental basis for MVs to be used to predict characteristics of CD34+ blasts. Magnetic activated cell sorting and continuous differential centrifugation were used to isolate primary CML CD34+ blasts and MVs, in addition to utilizing flow cytometry to identify surface markers of CD34+ blasts and blast-derived MVs. Microarray analysis and the reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction were performed to analyze miRNA profiles of CD34+ blasts and MVs. The results of the present study indicated that primary CML CD34+ blasts were able to release MVs, which were selectively enriched with the surface markers CD34 and CD123, and functional miRNAs from parental cells. A total of 15 miRNAs were upregulated in CD34+ blast derived-MVs compared with in CD34+ cells. Distinct Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways and Gene Ontology terms characterized by altered gene expression and potentially associated miRNA were identified. Upregulated miRNAs in MVs were associated with cell development, tumorigenesis and signaling pathways involving ErbB and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B. The present study provides evidence, which increases the understanding of physiological functions of cancer-derived MVs, and aids the understanding of the roles of CD34+ blast-derived MVs in CML-associated processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junli Zhang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China.,Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Aiqi Zhao
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Li Sun
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China.,Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Weiqun Chen
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, Wuhan Central Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Haiming Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Wuhan Central Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei 430014, P.R. China
| | - Zhichao Chen
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Fang Liu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Jiang Q, Crews LA, Holm F, Jamieson CHM. RNA editing-dependent epitranscriptome diversity in cancer stem cells. Nat Rev Cancer 2017; 17:381-392. [PMID: 28416802 PMCID: PMC5665169 DOI: 10.1038/nrc.2017.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) can regenerate all facets of a tumour as a result of their stem cell-like capacity to self-renew, survive and become dormant in protective microenvironments. CSCs evolve during tumour progression in a manner that conforms to Charles Darwin's principle of natural selection. Although somatic DNA mutations and epigenetic alterations promote evolution, post-transcriptional RNA modifications together with RNA binding protein activity (the 'epitranscriptome') might also contribute to clonal evolution through dynamic determination of RNA function and gene expression diversity in response to environmental stimuli. Deregulation of these epitranscriptomic events contributes to CSC generation and maintenance, which governs cancer progression and drug resistance. In this Review, we discuss the role of malignant RNA processing in CSC generation and maintenance, including mechanisms of RNA methylation, RNA editing and RNA splicing, and the functional consequences of their aberrant regulation in human malignancies. Finally, we highlight the potential of these events as novel CSC biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingfei Jiang
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center and Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Leslie A Crews
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center and Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Frida Holm
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center and Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Catriona H M Jamieson
- Division of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Moores Cancer Center and Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yektaei-Karin E, Zovko A, Nilsson A, Näsman-Glaser B, Kanter L, Rådmark O, Wallvik J, Ekblom M, Dolinska M, Qian H, Stenke L. Modulation of leukotriene signaling inhibiting cell growth in chronic myeloid leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2016; 58:1903-1913. [DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2016.1262029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Zovko
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Nilsson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Lena Kanter
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olof Rådmark
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Wallvik
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Marja Ekblom
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Monika Dolinska
- Department of Medicine, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hong Qian
- Department of Medicine, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leif Stenke
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Jang JE, Eom JI, Jeung HK, Cheong JW, Lee JY, Kim JS, Min YH. AMPK-ULK1-Mediated Autophagy Confers Resistance to BET Inhibitor JQ1 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Stem Cells. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 23:2781-2794. [PMID: 27864418 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-1903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) inhibitors are promising epigenetic agents for the treatment of various subsets of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the resistance of leukemia stem cells (LSC) to BET inhibitors remains a major challenge. In this study, we evaluated the mechanisms underlying LSC resistance to the BET inhibitor JQ1.Experimental Design: We evaluated the levels of apoptosis and autophagy induced by JQ1 in LSC-like leukemia cell lines and primary CD34+CD38- leukemic blasts obtained from AML cases with normal karyotype without recurrent mutations.Results: JQ1 effectively induced apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner in JQ1-sensitive AML cells. However, in JQ1-resistant AML LSCs, JQ1 induced little apoptosis and led to upregulation of beclin-1, increased LC3-II lipidation, formation of autophagosomes, and downregulation of p62/SQSTM1. Inhibition of autophagy by pharmacologic inhibitors or knockdown of beclin-1 using specific siRNA enhanced JQ1-induced apoptosis in resistant cells, indicating that prosurvival autophagy occurred in these cells. Independent of mTOR signaling, activation of the AMPK (pThr172)/ULK1 (pSer555) pathway was found to be associated with JQ1-induced autophagy in resistant cells. AMPK inhibition using the pharmacologic inhibitor compound C or by knockdown of AMPKα suppressed autophagy and promoted JQ1-induced apoptosis in AML LSCs.Conclusions: These findings revealed that prosurvival autophagy was one of the mechanisms involved in the resistance AML LSCs to JQ1. Targeting the AMPK/ULK1 pathway or inhibition of autophagy could be an effective therapeutic strategy for combating resistance to BET inhibitors in AML and other types of cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 23(11); 2781-94. ©2016 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji Eun Jang
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju-In Eom
- Avison Biomedical Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hoi-Kyung Jeung
- Avison Biomedical Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - June-Won Cheong
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Yeon Lee
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Seok Kim
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoo Hong Min
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Jin Y, Nie D, Li J, Du X, Lu Y, Li Y, Liu C, Zhou J, Pan J. Gas6/AXL Signaling Regulates Self-Renewal of Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia Stem Cells by Stabilizing β-Catenin. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 23:2842-2855. [PMID: 27852702 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-1298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Quiescent leukemia stem cells (LSC) are important resources of resistance and relapse in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Thus, strategies eradicating CML LSCs are required for cure. In this study, we discovered that AXL tyrosine kinase was selectively overexpressed in primary CML CD34+ cells. However, the role of AXL and its ligand Gas6 secreted by stromal cells in the regulation of self-renewal capacity of LSCs has not been well investigated.Experimental Design: The function of CML CD34+ cells was evaluated by flow cytometer, CFC/replating, long-term culture-initiating cells (LTC-IC), CML mouse model driven by human BCR-ABL gene and NOD-scid-IL2Rg-/- (NSI) mice.Results: AXL was selectively overexpressed in primary CML CD34+ cells. AXL knockdown reduced the survival and self-renewal capacity of human CML CD34+ cells. Pharmacologic inhibition of AXL reduced the survival and self-renewal capacity of human CML LSCs in vitro and in long-term grafts in NSI mice. Human CML CD34+ cells conscripted bone marrow-derived stromal cells (BMDSC) and primary mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) to secrete Gas6 to form a paracrine loop that promoted self-renewal of LSCs. Suppression of AXL by shRNA and inhibitor prolonged survival of CML mice and reduced the growth of LSCs in mice. Gas6/AXL ligation stabilizes β-catenin in an AKT-dependent fashion in human CML CD34+ cells.Conclusions: Our findings improve the understanding of LSC regulation and validate Gas6/AXL as a pair of therapeutic targets to eliminate CML LSCs. Clin Cancer Res; 23(11); 2842-55. ©2016 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Jin
- Jinan University Institute of Tumor Pharmacology; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danian Nie
- Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Du
- Department of Hematology, Guangdong General Hospital/Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhong Lu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangqiu Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Jinan University Institute of Tumor Pharmacology; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingfeng Zhou
- Jinan University Institute of Tumor Pharmacology; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingxuan Pan
- Jinan University Institute of Tumor Pharmacology; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Stahl M, Kim TK, Zeidan AM. Update on acute myeloid leukemia stem cells: New discoveries and therapeutic opportunities. World J Stem Cells 2016; 8:316-331. [PMID: 27822339 PMCID: PMC5080639 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v8.i10.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The existence of cancer stem cells has been well established in acute myeloid leukemia. Initial proof of the existence of leukemia stem cells (LSCs) was accomplished by functional studies in xenograft models making use of the key features shared with normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) such as the capacity of self-renewal and the ability to initiate and sustain growth of progenitors in vivo. Significant progress has also been made in identifying the phenotype and signaling pathways specific for LSCs. Therapeutically, a multitude of drugs targeting LSCs are in different phases of preclinical and clinical development. This review focuses on recent discoveries which have advanced our understanding of LSC biology and provided rational targets for development of novel therapeutic agents. One of the major challenges is how to target the self-renewal pathways of LSCs without affecting normal HSCs significantly therefore providing an acceptable therapeutic window. Important issues pertinent to the successful design and conduct of clinical trials evaluating drugs targeting LSCs will be discussed as well.
Collapse
|
24
|
Jin Y, Zhou J, Xu F, Jin B, Cui L, Wang Y, Du X, Li J, Li P, Ren R, Pan J. Targeting methyltransferase PRMT5 eliminates leukemia stem cells in chronic myelogenous leukemia. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:3961-3980. [PMID: 27643437 DOI: 10.1172/jci85239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Imatinib-insensitive leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are believed to be responsible for resistance to BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors and relapse of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Identifying therapeutic targets to eradicate CML LSCs may be a strategy to cure CML. In the present study, we discovered a positive feedback loop between BCR-ABL and protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) in CML cells. Overexpression of PRMT5 was observed in human CML LSCs. Silencing PRMT5 with shRNA or blocking PRMT5 methyltransferase activity with the small-molecule inhibitor PJ-68 reduced survival, serial replating capacity, and long-term culture-initiating cells (LTC-ICs) in LSCs from CML patients. Further, PRMT5 knockdown or PJ-68 treatment dramatically prolonged survival in a murine model of retroviral BCR-ABL-driven CML and impaired the in vivo self-renewal capacity of transplanted CML LSCs. PJ-68 also inhibited long-term engraftment of human CML CD34+ cells in immunodeficient mice. Moreover, inhibition of PRMT5 abrogated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in CML CD34+ cells by depleting dishevelled homolog 3 (DVL3). This study suggests that epigenetic methylation modification on histone protein arginine residues is a regulatory mechanism to control self-renewal of LSCs and indicates that PRMT5 may represent a potential therapeutic target against LSCs.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- 1-Naphthylamine/analogs & derivatives
- 1-Naphthylamine/pharmacology
- Aminoquinolines/pharmacology
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Carbazoles/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation
- Cell Survival
- Enzyme Induction
- Female
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism
- Gene Expression
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Gene Knockdown Techniques
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Imatinib Mesylate/pharmacology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/enzymology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/drug effects
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/enzymology
- Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases/genetics
- Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases/metabolism
- Pyrimidines/pharmacology
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- STAT5 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
Collapse
|
25
|
Jin Y, Yao Y, Chen L, Zhu X, Jin B, Shen Y, Li J, Du X, Lu Y, Jiang S, Pan J. Depletion of γ-catenin by Histone Deacetylase Inhibition Confers Elimination of CML Stem Cells in Combination with Imatinib. Am J Cancer Res 2016; 6:1947-62. [PMID: 27570562 PMCID: PMC4997248 DOI: 10.7150/thno.16139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Quiescent leukemia stem cells (LSCs) that are insensitive to BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors confer resistance to imatinib in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Identifying proteins to regulate survival and stemness of LSCs is urgently needed. Although histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) can eliminate quiescent LSCs in CML, little is known about the underlying mechanism that HDACis kill LSCs. By fishing with a biotin-labeled probe, we identified that HDACi JSL-1 bound to the protein γ-catenin. γ-Catenin expression was higher in LSCs from CML patients than normal hematopoietic stem cells. Silencing γ-catenin in human CML CD34(+) bone-marrow (BM) cells sufficiently eliminated LSCs, which suggests that γ-catenin is required for survival of CML LSCs. Pharmacological inhibition of γ-catenin thwarted survival and self-renewal of human CML CD34(+) cells in vitro, and of murine LSCs in BCR-ABL-driven CML mice. γ-Catenin inhibition reduced long-term engraftment of human CML CD34(+) cells in NOD.Cg-Prkdc (scid) II2rg (tm1Sug)/JicCrl (NOG) mice. Silencing γ-catenin by shRNA in human primary CD34(+) cells did not alter β-catenin, implying a β-catenin-independent role of γ-catenin in survival and self-renewal of CML LSCs. Taken together, our findings validate that γ-catenin may be a novel therapeutic target of LSCs, and suppression of γ-catenin by HDACi may explain elimination of CML LSCs.
Collapse
|
26
|
Chiarenza A, Manetti F, Petricci E, Ruat M, Naldini A, Taddei M, Carraro F. Novel Acylguanidine Derivatives Targeting Smoothened Induce Antiproliferative and Pro-Apoptotic Effects in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149919. [PMID: 26934052 PMCID: PMC4774938 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The most relevant therapeutic approaches to treat CML rely on the administration of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) like Imatinib, which are able to counteract the activity of Bcr-Abl protein increasing patient's life expectancy and survival. Unfortunately, there are some issues TKIs are not able to address; first of all TKIs are not so effective in increasing survival of patients in blast crisis, second they are not able to eradicate leukemic stem cells (LSC) which represent the major cause of disease relapse, and third patients often develop resistance to TKIs due to mutations in the drug binding site. For all these reasons it's of primary interest to find alternative strategies to treat CML. Literature shows that Hedgehog signaling pathway is involved in LSC maintenance, and pharmacological inhibition of Smoothened (SMO), one of the key molecules of the pathway, has been demonstrated to reduce Bcr-Abl positive bone marrow cells and LSC. Consequently, targeting SMO could be a promising way to develop a new treatment strategy for CML overcoming the limitations of current therapies. In our work we have tested some compounds able to inhibit SMO, and among them MRT92 appears to be a very potent SMO antagonist. We found that almost all our compounds were able to reduce Gli1 protein levels in K-562 and in KU-812 CML cell lines. Furthermore, they were also able to increase Gli1 and SMO RNA levels, and to reduce cell proliferation and induce apoptosis/autophagy in both the tested cell lines. Finally, we demonstrated that our compounds were able to modulate the expression of some miRNAs related to Hedgehog pathway such as miR-324-5p and miR-326. Being Hedgehog pathway deeply implicated in the mechanisms of CML we may conclude that it could be a good therapeutic target for CML and our compounds seem to be promising antagonists of such pathway.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Autophagy/drug effects
- Blast Crisis/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism
- Hedgehog Proteins/metabolism
- Humans
- Imatinib Mesylate/pharmacology
- K562 Cells
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/drug effects
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Smoothened Receptor
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Chiarenza
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Manetti
- Department of Biotechnology Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Elena Petricci
- Department of Biotechnology Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Martial Ruat
- CNRS, UMR-9197, Neuroscience Paris- Saclay Institute, Molecules Circuits Department, Signal Transduction and Developmental Neuropharmacology Team, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Antonella Naldini
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Maurizio Taddei
- Department of Biotechnology Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Fabio Carraro
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Istituto Toscano Tumori, Siena, Italy
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Gao XM, Zhang R, Dong QZ, Qin LX. Properties and feasibility of using cancer stem cells in clinical cancer treatment. Cancer Biol Med 2016; 13:489-495. [PMID: 28154781 PMCID: PMC5250607 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2016.0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer treatment failure, drug resistance, or metastatic recurrence are thought to be caused mainly by the existence of a very small number of cancer stem cells (CSCs). The characteristics of this subgroup of cells include self-renewal, tumorigenesis, multiple differentiation and high invasiveness, metastasis, and drug resistance potential. Many studies have demonstrated that CSCs play important roles in tumor growth, spread and metastatic relapse after treatment, and are closely related to the prognosis of patients. From a therapeutic viewpoint, deep insights into the CSCs biology, development of specific therapeutic strategies for targeting CSCs, and characterization of their microenvironment could be an ideal way to combat cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Mei Gao
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital and Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Qiong-Zhu Dong
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital and Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Lun-Xiu Qin
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital and Cancer Metastasis Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Feitelson MA, Arzumanyan A, Kulathinal RJ, Blain SW, Holcombe RF, Mahajna J, Marino M, Martinez-Chantar ML, Nawroth R, Sanchez-Garcia I, Sharma D, Saxena NK, Singh N, Vlachostergios PJ, Guo S, Honoki K, Fujii H, Georgakilas AG, Bilsland A, Amedei A, Niccolai E, Amin A, Ashraf SS, Boosani CS, Guha G, Ciriolo MR, Aquilano K, Chen S, Mohammed SI, Azmi AS, Bhakta D, Halicka D, Keith WN, Nowsheen S. Sustained proliferation in cancer: Mechanisms and novel therapeutic targets. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S25-S54. [PMID: 25892662 PMCID: PMC4898971 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 432] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Proliferation is an important part of cancer development and progression. This is manifest by altered expression and/or activity of cell cycle related proteins. Constitutive activation of many signal transduction pathways also stimulates cell growth. Early steps in tumor development are associated with a fibrogenic response and the development of a hypoxic environment which favors the survival and proliferation of cancer stem cells. Part of the survival strategy of cancer stem cells may manifested by alterations in cell metabolism. Once tumors appear, growth and metastasis may be supported by overproduction of appropriate hormones (in hormonally dependent cancers), by promoting angiogenesis, by undergoing epithelial to mesenchymal transition, by triggering autophagy, and by taking cues from surrounding stromal cells. A number of natural compounds (e.g., curcumin, resveratrol, indole-3-carbinol, brassinin, sulforaphane, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, genistein, ellagitannins, lycopene and quercetin) have been found to inhibit one or more pathways that contribute to proliferation (e.g., hypoxia inducible factor 1, nuclear factor kappa B, phosphoinositide 3 kinase/Akt, insulin-like growth factor receptor 1, Wnt, cell cycle associated proteins, as well as androgen and estrogen receptor signaling). These data, in combination with bioinformatics analyses, will be very important for identifying signaling pathways and molecular targets that may provide early diagnostic markers and/or critical targets for the development of new drugs or drug combinations that block tumor formation and progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Feitelson
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
| | - Alla Arzumanyan
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Rob J Kulathinal
- Department of Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Stacy W Blain
- Department of Pediatrics, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, United States
| | - Randall F Holcombe
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jamal Mahajna
- MIGAL-Galilee Technology Center, Cancer Drug Discovery Program, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Maria Marino
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, V.le G. Marconi, 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria L Martinez-Chantar
- Metabolomic Unit, CIC bioGUNE, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas, Technology Park of Bizkaia, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Roman Nawroth
- Department of Urology, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Isidro Sanchez-Garcia
- Experimental Therapeutics and Translational Oncology Program, Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC/Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Dipali Sharma
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Neeraj K Saxena
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Neetu Singh
- Tissue and Cell Culture Unit, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Shanchun Guo
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry & Immunology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Kanya Honoki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Fujii
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Alexandros G Georgakilas
- Physics Department, School of Applied Mathematical and Physical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, Zografou 15780, Athens, Greece
| | - Alan Bilsland
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Amedeo Amedei
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Niccolai
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Amr Amin
- Department of Biology, College of Science, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - S Salman Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, UAE University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Chandra S Boosani
- Department of BioMedical Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Gunjan Guha
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Maria Rosa Ciriolo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Katia Aquilano
- Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sophie Chen
- Department of Research and Development, Ovarian and Prostate Cancer Research Trust Laboratory, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7YG, United Kingdom
| | - Sulma I Mohammed
- Department of Comparative Pathobiology, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Asfar S Azmi
- Department of Pathology, Karmonas Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Dipita Bhakta
- School of Chemical and Bio Technology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India
| | - Dorota Halicka
- Brander Cancer Research Institute, Department of Pathology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States
| | - W Nicol Keith
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - Somaira Nowsheen
- Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Medical School, Mayo Clinic Medical Scientist Training Program, Rochester, MN, United States
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Finch ER, Kudva AK, Quickel MD, Goodfield LL, Kennett MJ, Whelan J, Paulson RF, Prabhu KS. Chemopreventive Effects of Dietary Eicosapentaenoic Acid Supplementation in Experimental Myeloid Leukemia. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2015; 8:989-99. [PMID: 26290393 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-15-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Current therapies for treatment of myeloid leukemia do not eliminate leukemia stem cells (LSC), leading to disease relapse. In this study, we supplemented mice with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5), a polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acid, at pharmacologic levels, to examine whether the endogenous metabolite, cyclopentenone prostaglandin delta-12 PGJ3 (Δ(12)-PGJ3), was effective in targeting LSCs in experimental leukemia. EPA supplementation for 8 weeks resulted in enhanced endogenous production of Δ(12)-PGJ3 that was blocked by indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor. Using a murine model of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) induced by bone marrow transplantation of BCR-ABL-expressing hematopoietic stem cells, mice supplemented with EPA showed a decrease in the LSC population, and reduced splenomegaly and leukocytosis, when compared with mice on an oleic acid diet. Supplementation of CML mice carrying the T315I mutation (in BCR-ABL) with EPA resulted in a similar effect. Indomethacin blocked the EPA effect and increased the severity of BCR-ABL-induced CML and decreased apoptosis. Δ(12)-PGJ3 rescued indomethacin-treated BCR-ABL mice and decreased LSCs. Inhibition of hematopoietic-prostaglandin D synthase (H-PGDS) by HQL-79 in EPA-supplemented CML mice also blocked the effect of EPA. In addition, EPA supplementation was effective in a murine model of acute myeloid leukemia. EPA-supplemented mice exhibited a decrease in leukemia burden and a decrease in the LSC colony-forming unit (LSC-CFU). The decrease in LSCs was confirmed through serial transplantation assays in all disease models. The results support a chemopreventive role for EPA in myeloid leukemia, which is dependent on the ability to efficiently convert EPA to endogenous COX-derived prostanoids, including Δ(12)-PGJ3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily R Finch
- Immunology and Infectious Diseases Graduate Program, The Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania. Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Avinash K Kudva
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Michael D Quickel
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Laura L Goodfield
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Mary J Kennett
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Jay Whelan
- Department of Nutrition, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennesee
| | - Robert F Paulson
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania.
| | - K Sandeep Prabhu
- Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
LASP1 is a novel BCR-ABL substrate and a phosphorylation-dependent binding partner of CRKL in chronic myeloid leukemia. Oncotarget 2015; 5:5257-71. [PMID: 24913448 PMCID: PMC4170624 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by a genomic translocation generating a permanently active BCR-ABL oncogene with a complex pattern of atypically tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins that drive the malignant phenotype of CML. Recently, the LIM and SH3 domain protein 1 (LASP1) was identified as a component of a six gene signature that is strongly predictive for disease progression and relapse in CML patients. However, the underlying mechanisms why LASP1 expression correlates with dismal outcome remained unresolved. Here, we identified LASP1 as a novel and overexpressed direct substrate of BCR-ABL in CML. We demonstrate that LASP1 is specifically phosphorylated by BCR-ABL at tyrosine-171 in CML patients, which is abolished by tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. Further studies revealed that LASP1 phosphorylation results in an association with CRKL - another specific BCR-ABL substrate and bona fide biomarker for BCR-ABL activity. pLASP1-Y171 binds to non-phosphorylated CRKL at its SH2 domain. Accordingly, the BCR-ABL-mediated pathophysiological hyper-phosphorylation of LASP1 in CML disrupts normal regulation of CRKL and LASP1, which likely has implications on downstream BCR-ABL signaling. Collectively, our results suggest that LASP1 phosphorylation might serve as an additional candidate biomarker for assessment of BCR-ABL activity and provide a first step toward a molecular understanding of LASP1 function in CML.
Collapse
|
31
|
Kempema AM, Widen JC, Hexum JK, Andrews TE, Wang D, Rathe SK, Meece FA, Noble KE, Sachs Z, Largaespada DA, Harki DA. Synthesis and antileukemic activities of C1-C10-modified parthenolide analogues. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:4737-4745. [PMID: 26088334 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Parthenolide (PTL) is a sesquiterpene lactone natural product with anti-proliferative activity to cancer cells. Selective eradication of leukemic stem cells (LSCs) over healthy hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by PTL has been demonstrated in previous studies, which suggests PTL and related molecules may be useful for targeting LSCs. Eradication of LSCs is required for curative therapy. Chemical optimizations of PTL to improve potency and pharmacokinetic parameters have focused largely on the α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone, which is essential for activity. Conversely, we evaluated modifications to the C1-C10 olefin and benchmarked new inhibitors to PTL with respect to inhibitory potency across a panel of cancer cell lines, ability to target drug-resistant acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells, efficacy for inhibiting clonal growth of AML cells, toxicity to healthy bone marrow cells, and efficiency for promoting intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Cyclopropane 4 was found to possess less toxicity to healthy bone marrow cells, enhanced potency for the induction of cellular ROS, and similar broad-spectrum anti-proliferative activity to cancer cells in comparison to PTL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M Kempema
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - John C Widen
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Joseph K Hexum
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Timothy E Andrews
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Susan K Rathe
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Frederick A Meece
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Klara E Noble
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Zohar Sachs
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - David A Largaespada
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Daniel A Harki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Both acute myeloid leukemia and chronic myeloid leukemia are thought to arise from a subpopulation of primitive cells, termed leukemic stem cells that share properties with somatic stem cells. Leukemic stem cells are capable of continued self-renewal, and are resistant to conventional chemotherapy and are considered to be responsible for disease relapse. In recent years, improved understanding of the underlying mechanisms of myeloid leukemia biology has led to the development of novel and targeted therapies. This review focuses on clinically relevant patent applications and their relevance within the known literature in two areas of prevailing therapeutic interest, namely monoclonal antibody therapy and small molecule inhibitors in disease-relevant signaling pathways.
Collapse
|
33
|
Fava C, Morotti A, Dogliotti I, Saglio G, Rege-Cambrin G. Update on emerging treatments for chronic myeloid leukemia. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2015; 20:183-96. [DOI: 10.1517/14728214.2015.1031217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
34
|
Ahmadzadeh A, Kast RE, Ketabchi N, Shahrabi S, Shahjahani M, Jaseb K, Saki N. Regulatory effect of chemokines in bone marrow niche. Cell Tissue Res 2015; 361:401-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-015-2129-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
35
|
Zhang B, Shimada Y, Kuroyanagi J, Ariyoshi M, Nomoto T, Shintou T, Umemoto N, Nishimura Y, Miyazaki T, Tanaka T. In vivo selective imaging and inhibition of leukemia stem-like cells using the fluorescent carbocyanine derivative, DiOC5(3). Biomaterials 2015; 52:14-25. [PMID: 25818410 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Elimination of leukemia stem cells (LSCs) is necessary for the destruction of malignant cell populations. Owing to the very small number of LSCs in leukemia cells, xenotransplantation studies are difficult in terms of functionally and pathophysiologically replicating clinical conditions of cell culture experiments. There is currently a limited number of lead compounds that target LSCs. Using the LSC-xenograft zebrafish screening method we previously developed, we found that the fluorescent compound 3,3'-dipentyloxacarbocyanine iodide (DiOC5(3)) selectively marked LSCs and suppressed their proliferation in vivo and in vitro. DiOC5(3) had no obvious toxicity to human umbilical cord blood CD34+ progenitor cells and normal zebrafish. It accumulated in mitochondria through organic anion transporter polypeptides that are overexpressed in the plasma membrane of LSCs, and induced apoptosis via ROS overproduction. DiOC5(3) also inhibited the nuclear translocation of NF-κB through the downregulation of LSC-selective pathways, as indicated from DNA microarray analysis. In summary, DiOC5(3) is a new type of anti-LSC compound available for diagnostic imaging and therapeutics that has the advantage of being a single fluorescent chemical.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoinformatics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Shimada
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoinformatics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; Department of Systems Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; Mie University Medical Zebrafish Research Center, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; Department of Bioinformatics, Mie University Life Science Research Center, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; Department of Omics Medicine, Mie University Industrial Technology Innovation, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Junya Kuroyanagi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoinformatics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Michiko Ariyoshi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoinformatics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Nomoto
- Corporate R&D Headquarters, Canon Inc, Ohta-ku, Tokyo 146-8501, Japan
| | - Taichi Shintou
- Corporate R&D Headquarters, Canon Inc, Ohta-ku, Tokyo 146-8501, Japan
| | - Noriko Umemoto
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoinformatics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; Department of Systems Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Yuhei Nishimura
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoinformatics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; Department of Systems Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; Mie University Medical Zebrafish Research Center, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; Department of Bioinformatics, Mie University Life Science Research Center, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; Department of Omics Medicine, Mie University Industrial Technology Innovation, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Takeshi Miyazaki
- Corporate R&D Headquarters, Canon Inc, Ohta-ku, Tokyo 146-8501, Japan
| | - Toshio Tanaka
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Pharmacogenomics and Pharmacoinformatics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; Department of Systems Pharmacology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; Mie University Medical Zebrafish Research Center, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; Department of Bioinformatics, Mie University Life Science Research Center, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan; Department of Omics Medicine, Mie University Industrial Technology Innovation, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Xie J, Chen X, Zheng J, Li C, Stacy S, Holzenberger M, Hu X, Zhang CC. IGF-IR determines the fates of BCR/ABL leukemia. J Hematol Oncol 2015; 8:3. [PMID: 25648584 PMCID: PMC4320836 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-015-0106-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The tyrosine kinase receptor insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-IR) contributes to the initiation and progression of many types of malignancies. We previously showed that IGF-2, which binds IGF-IR, is an extrinsic factor that supports the ex vivo expansion of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). We also demonstrated that IGF-IR is not required for HSC activity in vivo. Methods and results Here we investigated the role of IGF-IR in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) using the retroviral BCR/ABL transplantation mouse model. Existing antibodies against IGF-IR are not suitable for flow cytometry; therefore, we generated a fusion of the human IgG Fc fragment with mutant IGF-2 that can bind to IGF-IR. We used this fusion protein to evaluate mouse primary hematopoietic populations. Through transplantation assays with IGF-IR+ and IGF-IR− cells, we demonstrated that IGF-IR is expressed on all mouse HSCs. The expression of IGF-IR is much higher on CML cells than on acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells. The depletion of IGF-IR expression in BCR/ABL+ cells led to the development of ALL (mostly T cell ALL) but not CML. Lack of IGF-IR resulted in decreased self-renewal of the BCR/ABL+ CML cells in the serial replating assay. Conclusion IGF-IR regulates the cell fate determination of BCR/ABL+ leukemia cells and supports the self-renewal of CML cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Xie
- Taishan Scholar Immunology Program, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, Shandong, China.
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- Departments of Physiology and Developmental Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 75390, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Junke Zheng
- Departments of Physiology and Developmental Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 75390, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Chunling Li
- Taishan Scholar Immunology Program, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, Shandong, China.
| | - Satomi Stacy
- Departments of Physiology and Developmental Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 75390, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Martin Holzenberger
- INSERM and Sorbonne Universities, UPMC, Research Center UMR938, 75012, Paris, France.
| | - Xuemei Hu
- Taishan Scholar Immunology Program, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, Shandong, China.
| | - Cheng Cheng Zhang
- Taishan Scholar Immunology Program, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, Shandong, China. .,Departments of Physiology and Developmental Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 75390, Dallas, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Kaeda J, Ringel F, Oberender C, Mills K, Quintarelli C, Pane F, Koschmieder S, Slany R, Schwarzer R, Saglio G, Hemmati P, van Lessen A, Amini L, Gresse M, Vagge E, Burmeister T, Serra A, Carson A, Schwarz M, Westermann J, Jundt F, Dörken B, le Coutre P. Up-regulated MSI2 is associated with more aggressive chronic myeloid leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2015; 56:2105-13. [PMID: 25363400 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2014.981175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A better understanding of events triggering chronic myeloid leukemia progression is critical for optimized clinical management of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). We sought to validate that increased expression of Musashi 2 (MSI2), a post-transcription regulator, is associated with progression and prognosis. Screening of 152 patients with CML showed that MSI2 was significantly decreased among patients with CML in chronic phase (CP) at diagnosis (p < 0.0001), but found no significant difference between the normal control group and treated patients with CML in CP. Moreover MSI2 was significantly increased (p < 0.0001) in patients with advance disease (AD) CML. Furthermore, our human hematopoietic cell line data imply that MSI2 and BCR-ABL1 mRNA expression are correlated. However, these data cast a doubt on earlier reports that MSI2 effects HES1 expression via NUMB-NOTCH signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaspal Kaeda
- Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Medizinische Klinik m.S. Hämatologie und Onkologie , Berlin , Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
The BCR-ABL1 oncoprotein is the cause of chronic myeloid leukemia and occurs as a consequence of the translocation t(9;22), a well-defined genetic event that results in the formation of the Philadelphia chromosome. While this genomic aberration is recognized to be the main culprit of the chronic phase of chronic myeloid leukemia, the natural clonal evolution of this myeloproliferative neoplasm involves the accumulation of secondary alterations through genomic instability. Thus, efforts to dissect the frequency and nature of the genomic events at diagnosis and at later stages are producing valuable insights into understanding the mechanisms of blastic transformation and development of resistance in chronic myeloid leukemia. The identification of alternative BCR-ABL1-dependent and BCR-ABL1-independent targets that sustain the survival of leukemic blasts and/or leukemia-initiating cells will facilitate the development of novel viable therapeutic options for patients who become resistant or intolerant to the currently available therapeutic options based on tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
Collapse
|
39
|
Allegra A, Alonci A, Penna G, Innao V, Gerace D, Rotondo F, Musolino C. The cancer stem cell hypothesis: a guide to potential molecular targets. Cancer Invest 2014; 32:470-95. [PMID: 25254602 DOI: 10.3109/07357907.2014.958231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Common cancer theories hold that tumor is an uncontrolled somatic cell proliferation caused by the progressive addition of random mutations in critical genes that control cell growth. Nevertheless, various contradictions related to the mutation theory have been reported previously. These events may be elucidated by the persistence of residual tumor cells, called Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) responsible for tumorigenesis, tumor maintenance, tumor spread, and tumor relapse. Herein, we summarize the current understanding of CSCs, with a focus on the possibility to identify specific markers of CSCs, and discuss the clinical application of targeting CSCs for cancer treatment.
Collapse
|
40
|
Martelli AM, Lonetti A, Buontempo F, Ricci F, Tazzari PL, Evangelisti C, Bressanin D, Cappellini A, Orsini E, Chiarini F. Targeting signaling pathways in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia initiating cells. Adv Biol Regul 2014; 56:6-21. [PMID: 24819383 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2014.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Leukemia initiating cells (LICs) represent a reservoir that is believed to drive relapse and resistance to chemotherapy in blood malignant disorders. T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive neoplastic disorder of immature hematopoietic precursors committed to the T-cell lineage. T-ALL comprises about 15% of pediatric and 25% of adult ALL cases and is prone to early relapse. Although the prognosis of T-ALL has improved especially in children due to the use of new intensified treatment protocols, the outcome of relapsed T-ALL cases is still poor. Putative LICs have been identified also in T-ALL. LICs are mostly quiescent and for this reason highly resistant to chemotherapy. Therefore, they evade treatment and give rise to disease relapse. At present great interest surrounds the development of targeted therapies against signaling networks aberrantly activated in LICs and important for their survival and drug-resistance. Both the Notch1 pathway and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) network are involved in T-ALL LIC survival and drug-resistance and could be targeted by small molecules. Thus, Notch1 and PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitors are currently being developed for clinical use either as single agents or in combination with conventional chemotherapy for T-ALL patient treatment. In this review, we summarize the existing knowledge of the relevance of Notch1 and PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling in T-ALL LICs and we examine the rationale for targeting these key signal transduction networks by means of selective pharmacological inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto M Martelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Lonetti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Buontempo
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Ricci
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Center, Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Pier Luigi Tazzari
- Immunohematology and Transfusion Center, Policlinico S.Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
| | - Camilla Evangelisti
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; Musculoskeletal Cell Biology Laboratory, IOR, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniela Bressanin
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cappellini
- Department of Human, Social and Health Sciences, University of Cassino, 03043 Cassino, Italy
| | - Ester Orsini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Chiarini
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy; Musculoskeletal Cell Biology Laboratory, IOR, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Tumoral reprogramming: Plasticity takes a walk on the wild side. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2014; 1849:436-47. [PMID: 25038581 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2014.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cellular plasticity is the capacity that cells have to change their fate and adopt a new identity. Plasticity is essential for normal development and for tissue regeneration and, in an experimental setting, for the induction of pluripotency. All these processes involve a reprogramming of the cellular identity, mediated by signals from the environment and/or by internal changes at the transcriptional and epigenetic levels. Tumorigenesis is a process in which normal cells acquire a new malignant identity and give rise to a clonal aberrant population. This is only possible if the initiating cell has the necessary plasticity to undergo such changes, and if the oncogenic event(s) initiating cancer has the essential reprogramming capacity so as to be able to lead a change in cellular identity. The molecular mechanisms underlying tumoral reprogramming are the pathological counterparts of the normal processes regulating developmental plasticity or experimentally-induced reprogramming. In this review we will first revise the main features of non-pathological examples of reprogramming, and then we will describe the parallelisms with tumoral reprogramming, and we will also delineate how the precise knowledge of the reprogramming mechanisms offers the potential for the development of new therapeutical interventions. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Stress as a fundamental theme in cell plasticity.
Collapse
|
42
|
Menon H. Issues in current management of chronic myeloid leukemia: Importance of molecular monitoring on long term outcome. South Asian J Cancer 2014; 2:38-43. [PMID: 24455544 PMCID: PMC3876638 DOI: 10.4103/2278-330x.105893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Monitoring of CML patients while on therapy is vitally important and ENL has come up with specific guidelines for the same. Since we are currently talking about operational cure, this review shall focus on evaluating the emerging data to optimize response. This requires attention to all outstanding controversial issues. Only careful, accurate and regular monitoring with specific attention to grey areas will help us select first line therapy, decide when to discontinue TKIs and also move to second line TKIs in a timely manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hari Menon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
|
44
|
Gandhi UH, Kaushal N, Hegde S, Finch ER, Kudva AK, Kennett MJ, Jordan CT, Paulson RF, Prabhu KS. Selenium suppresses leukemia through the action of endogenous eicosanoids. Cancer Res 2014; 74:3890-901. [PMID: 24872387 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-3694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Eradicating cancer stem-like cells (CSC) may be essential to fully eradicate cancer. Metabolic changes in CSC could hold a key to their targeting. Here, we report that the dietary micronutrient selenium can trigger apoptosis of CSC derived from chronic or acute myelogenous leukemias when administered at supraphysiologic but nontoxic doses. In leukemia CSC, selenium treatment activated ATM-p53-dependent apoptosis accompanied by increased intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species. Importantly, the same treatment did not trigger apoptosis in hematopoietic stem cells. Serial transplantation studies with BCR-ABL-expressing CSC revealed that the selenium status in mice was a key determinant of CSC survival. Selenium action relied upon the endogenous production of the cyclooxygenase-derived prostaglandins Δ(12)-PGJ2 and 15d-PGJ2. Accordingly, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and NADPH oxidase inhibitors abrogated the ability of selenium to trigger apoptosis in leukemia CSC. Our results reveal how selenium-dependent modulation of arachidonic acid metabolism can be directed to trigger apoptosis of primary human and murine CSC in leukemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ujjawal H Gandhi
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Naveen Kaushal
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Shailaja Hegde
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Emily R Finch
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Avinash K Kudva
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Mary J Kennett
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Craig T Jordan
- Division of Hematology, Hematologic Malignancies, and Stem Cell Transplantation, University of Colorado, Anshutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Robert F Paulson
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania; and
| | - K Sandeep Prabhu
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease and Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania; and
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Greim H, Kaden DA, Larson RA, Palermo CM, Rice JM, Ross D, Snyder R. The bone marrow niche, stem cells, and leukemia: impact of drugs, chemicals, and the environment. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2014; 1310:7-31. [PMID: 24495159 PMCID: PMC4002179 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are a unique population of somatic stem cells that can both self-renew for long-term reconstitution of HSCs and differentiate into hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs), which in turn give rise, in a hierarchical manner, to the entire myeloid and lymphoid lineages. The differentiation and maturation of these lineages occurs in the bone marrow (BM) niche, a microenvironment that regulates self-renewal, survival, differentiation, and proliferation, with interactions among signaling pathways in the HSCs and the niche required to establish and maintain homeostasis. The accumulation of genetic mutations and cytogenetic abnormalities within cells of the partially differentiated myeloid lineage, particularly as a result of exposure to benzene or cytotoxic anticancer drugs, can give rise to malignancies like acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. Better understanding of the mechanisms driving these malignancies and susceptibility factors, both within HPCs and cells within the BM niche, may lead to the development of strategies for prevention of occupational and cancer therapy-induced disease.
Collapse
|
46
|
Yamada T, Park CS, Shen Y, Rabin KR, Lacorazza HD. G0S2 inhibits the proliferation of K562 cells by interacting with nucleolin in the cytosol. Leuk Res 2014; 38:210-7. [PMID: 24183236 PMCID: PMC3946941 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2013.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
G0/G1 switch gene 2 (G0S2) is a basic protein with ill-defined function that inhibits the proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells. Herein, we show that treatment of K562 cells with 5-azacytidine (5-Aza) resulted in a 24-fold increase in G0S2 expression and a reduction in cell growth. Conversely, gene demethylation in the presence of G0S2-specific shRNA restored proliferation, further supporting an inhibitory role for G0S2 in cell proliferation. Elevated levels of G0S2 inhibited the division of K562 cells by sequestering the nucleolar phosphoprotein nucleolin in the cytosol. G0S2 inhibited the proliferation of leukemia cells in vivo in xenograft models. Collectively, our data identify a new mechanism that controls proliferation in K562 cells, suggesting a possible tumor suppressor function in leukemia cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Yamada
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chun Shik Park
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ye Shen
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Karen R Rabin
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - H Daniel Lacorazza
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Quintarelli C, De Angelis B, Errichiello S, Caruso S, Esposito N, Colavita I, Raia M, Pagliuca S, Pugliese N, Risitano AM, Picardi M, Luciano L, Saglio G, Martinelli G, Pane F. Selective strong synergism of Ruxolitinib and second generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors to overcome bone marrow stroma related drug resistance in chronic myelogenous leukemia. Leuk Res 2014; 38:236-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
48
|
Jain P, Kantarjian H, Cortes J. Chronic myeloid leukemia: overview of new agents and comparative analysis. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2014; 14:127-43. [PMID: 23572291 DOI: 10.1007/s11864-013-0234-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Discovery of targeted BCR-ABL protein tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in the therapy of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is perhaps the most popular success story in oncology. Imatinib is the most common TKI modality used as a frontline therapy in CML across the world. Lately, randomized control trials have shown that second-generation TKI, such as dasatinib and nilotinib, are superior to imatinib in terms of tolerability and efficacy. Therefore, second-generation TKI have been used increasingly as a first choice for patients with CML in chronic phase (CML-CP). Recently, ponatinib has shown significant efficacy against the most resistant cases (including those with T315I mutations) with CML. Omacetaxine is a non-TKI agent with a different mechanism of action and has shown benefit in resistant CML. Analysis of other novel agents and newer mechanisms affecting CML stem cells are under exploration. With these developments, the life expectancy of the majority of patients (>90 %) with CML-CP has become comparable to a healthy age-matched individual. The focus has now shifted to achieving faster and deeper responses, considering these parameters as a surrogate for long-term outcome and possibly cures in patients with CML. Adherence to therapy with TKI, proper monitoring by standardized techniques, and adequate use of the available therapies are established rules of managing patients with CML. However, even with these advances, problems of drug resistance, loss of response, kinase domain mutations, transformations in CML (accelerated and blast phase), and patient noncompliance prevail in the community practice. Early identification of resistant cases, feasibility for allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT), and enrollment in clinical trials with newer drugs is warranted. This article compares the efficacy and safety results of various TKI and non-TKI modalities and other novel pharmacological agents in the therapy of CML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Preetesh Jain
- Department of Leukemia, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 428, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Scheller M, Schönheit J, Zimmermann K, Leser U, Rosenbauer F, Leutz A. Cross talk between Wnt/β-catenin and Irf8 in leukemia progression and drug resistance. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 210:2239-56. [PMID: 24101380 PMCID: PMC3804946 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20130706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cross talk between Wnt and IFN signaling determines the development of CML-leukemia–initiating cells and represents a mechanism for the acquisition of resistance to Imatinib at later stages of CML. Progression and disease relapse of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) depends on leukemia-initiating cells (LIC) that resist treatment. Using mouse genetics and a BCR-ABL model of CML, we observed cross talk between Wnt/β-catenin signaling and the interferon-regulatory factor 8 (Irf8). In normal hematopoiesis, activation of β-catenin results in up-regulation of Irf8, which in turn limits oncogenic β-catenin functions. Self-renewal and myeloproliferation become dependent on β-catenin in Irf8-deficient animals that develop a CML-like disease. Combined Irf8 deletion and constitutive β-catenin activation result in progression of CML into fatal blast crisis, elevated leukemic potential of BCR-ABL–induced LICs, and Imatinib resistance. Interestingly, activated β-catenin enhances a preexisting Irf8-deficient gene signature, identifying β-catenin as an amplifier of progression-specific gene regulation in the shift of CML to blast crisis. Collectively, our data uncover Irf8 as a roadblock for β-catenin–driven leukemia and imply both factors as targets in combinatorial therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Scheller
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
Aging is a degenerative process resulting in compromised tissue maintenance and increased susceptibility to diseases, such as cancer. Recent advancements support the notion that aging is a highly regulated process governed by evolutionarily conserved pathways. In mammals, tissue-specific adult stem cells (ASCs) persist throughout the lifetime to maintain and repair tissues. While reduced ASC self-renewal is thought to contribute to compromised tissue maintenance, increased self-renewal of cancer stem cells (CSCs) may lead to tumorigenesis. It is speculated that genetic regulators of aging, such as sirtuins, are likely to impinge upon the ASC compartments to regulate tissue maintenance and tumorigenesis. In this review, we discuss the emerging evidence linking sirtuins to normal and malignant ASC self-renewal, tissue maintenance, and tumorigenesis.
Collapse
|