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Giannoni P, Marini C, Cutrona G, Sambuceti GM, Fais F, de Totero D. Unraveling the Bone Tissue Microenvironment in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5058. [PMID: 37894425 PMCID: PMC10605026 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15205058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most frequent leukemia in Western countries. Although characterized by the progressive expansion and accumulation of leukemic B cells in peripheral blood, CLL cells develop in protective niches mainly located within lymph nodes and bone marrow. Multiple interactions between CLL and microenvironmental cells may favor the expansion of a B cell clone, further driving immune cells toward an immunosuppressive phenotype. Here, we summarize the current understanding of bone tissue alterations in CLL patients, further addressing and suggesting how the multiple interactions between CLL cells and osteoblasts/osteoclasts can be involved in these processes. Recent findings proposing the disruption of the endosteal niche by the expansion of a leukemic B cell clone appear to be a novel field of research to be deeply investigated and potentially relevant to provide new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Giannoni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Biology Section, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Cecilia Marini
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy; (C.M.); (G.M.S.)
- CNR Institute of Bioimages and Molecular Physiology, 20054 Milano, Italy
| | - Giovanna Cutrona
- Molecular Pathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy; (G.C.); (F.F.)
| | - Gian Mario Sambuceti
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy; (C.M.); (G.M.S.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Franco Fais
- Molecular Pathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy; (G.C.); (F.F.)
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Anatomy Section, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Daniela de Totero
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
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2
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Goodarzi A, Valikhani M, Amiri F, Safari A. The mechanisms of mutual relationship between malignant hematologic cells and mesenchymal stem cells: Does it contradict the nursing role of mesenchymal stem cells? Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:21. [PMID: 35236376 PMCID: PMC8889655 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00822-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are known as the issue in biology because of some unpredictable characteristics in the different microenvironments especially in their bone marrow niche. MSCs are used in the regenerative medicine because of their unique potentials for trans-differentiation, immunomodulation, and paracrine capacity. But, their pathogenic and pro-survival effects in tumors/cancers including hematologic malignancies are indisputable. MSCs and/or their derivatives might be involved in tumor growth, metastasis and drug resistance in the leukemias. One of important relationship is MSCs and hematologic malignancy-derived cells which affects markedly the outcome of disease. The communication between these two cells may be contact-dependent and/or contact-independent. In this review, we studied the crosstalk between MSCs and malignant hematologic cells which results the final feedback either the progression or suppression of blood cell malignancy. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Goodarzi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Fahmideh Blvd., The Opposite Side of Mardom Park, Hamadan, 6517838741, Iran
| | - Mohsen Valikhani
- Hematology Department, School of Allied Medical Science, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Amiri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Fahmideh Blvd., The Opposite Side of Mardom Park, Hamadan, 6517838741, Iran.
| | - Armita Safari
- Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Science, Hamadan, Iran
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Honoré B, Andersen MD, Wilken D, Kamper P, d’Amore F, Hamilton-Dutoit S, Ludvigsen M. Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma Refractory for ABVD Treatment Is Characterized by Pathologically Activated Signal Transduction Pathways as Revealed by Proteomic Profiling. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14010247. [PMID: 35008410 PMCID: PMC8750842 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) patients refractory to standard ABVD chemo-therapy are known to have a dismal prognosis. This has led to the hypothesis that ABVD treatment-sensitive and ABVD treatment-refractory tumours are biologically distinct. In this study, cHL patients refractory to standard ABVD treatment show subtle but significant differences in protein expression that enable clustering of the two response groups, thus indicating differences between ABVD sensitive and refractory patients at the molecular level, and thereby strengthening the hypothesis that ABVD sensitive and ABVD refractory tumours may be biologically distinct. Abstract In classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), the tumour microenvironment (TME) is of major pathological relevance. The paucity of neoplastic cells makes it important to study the entire TME when searching for prognostic biomarkers. Cure rates in cHL have improved markedly over the last several decades, but patients with primary refractory disease still show inferior survival. We performed a proteomic comparison of pretreatment tumour tissue from ABVD treatment-refractory versus ABVD treatment-sensitive cHL patients, in order to identify biological differences correlating with treatment outcome. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumour tissues from 36 patients with cHL, 15 with treatment-refractory disease, and 21 with treatment-sensitive disease, were processed for proteomic investigation. Label-free quantification nano liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was performed on the tissues. A total of 3920 proteins were detected and quantified between the refractory and sensitive groups. This comparison revealed several subtle but significant differences in protein expression which could identify subcluster characteristics of the refractory group. Bioinformatic analysis of the biological differences indicated that a number of pathologically activated signal transduction pathways are disturbed in ABVD treatment-refractory cHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bent Honoré
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (B.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Maja Dam Andersen
- Department of Haematology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark; (M.D.A.); (P.K.); (F.d.)
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
| | - Diani Wilken
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (B.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Peter Kamper
- Department of Haematology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark; (M.D.A.); (P.K.); (F.d.)
| | - Francesco d’Amore
- Department of Haematology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark; (M.D.A.); (P.K.); (F.d.)
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
| | - Stephen Hamilton-Dutoit
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
- Department of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Maja Ludvigsen
- Department of Haematology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark; (M.D.A.); (P.K.); (F.d.)
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +45-22859523
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Arruga F, Deaglio S. Mechanisms of Resistance to Targeted Therapies in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2019; 249:203-229. [PMID: 28275912 DOI: 10.1007/164_2017_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Even if treatment options for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) patients have changed dramatically in the past few years, with the approval of targeted therapeutic agents, the disease remains incurable. Beside intrinsic genetic features characterizing the leukemic cell, signals coming from the microenvironment have a key role in promoting cell survival and in protecting CLL cells from the action of drugs. Consequently, the identification of previously unrecognized genetic lesions is important in risk-stratification of CLL patients and is progressively becoming a critical tool for choosing the best therapeutic strategy. Significant efforts have also been dedicated to define microenvironment-dependent mechanisms that sustain leukemic cells favoring survival, proliferation, and accumulation of additional genetic lesions. Furthermore, understanding the molecular and biological mechanisms, potentially driving disease progression and chemoresistance, is the first step to design therapies that could be effective in high-risk patients. Significant progress has been made in the identification of the different mechanisms through which patients relapse after "new" and "old" therapies. These studies have led to the development of targeted strategies to overcome, or even prevent, resistance through the design of novel agents or their combination.In this chapter we will give an overview of the main therapeutic options for CLL patients and review the mechanisms of resistance responsible for treatment failure. Potential strategies to overcome or prevent resistance will be also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvia Deaglio
- Human Genetics Foundation, via Nizza 52, Turin, 10126, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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5
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Colado A, Almejún MB, Podaza E, Risnik D, Stanganelli C, Elías EE, Dos Santos P, Slavutsky I, Fernández Grecco H, Cabrejo M, Bezares RF, Giordano M, Gamberale R, Borge M. The kinase inhibitors R406 and GS-9973 impair T cell functions and macrophage-mediated anti-tumor activity of rituximab in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2017; 66:461-473. [PMID: 28011996 PMCID: PMC11028675 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-016-1946-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Small molecules targeting kinases involved in B cell receptor signaling are showing encouraging clinical activity in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients. Fostamatinib (R406) and entospletinib (GS-9973) are ATP-competitive inhibitors designed to target spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) that have shown clinical activity with acceptable toxicity in trials with CLL patients. Preclinical studies with these inhibitors in CLL have focused on their effect in patient-derived leukemic B cells. In this work we show that clinically relevant doses of R406 and GS-9973 impaired the activation and proliferation of T cells from CLL patients. This effect could not be ascribed to Syk-inhibition given that we show that T cells from CLL patients do not express Syk protein. Interestingly, ζ-chain-associated protein kinase (ZAP)-70 phosphorylation was diminished by both inhibitors upon TCR stimulation on T cells. In addition, we found that both agents reduced macrophage-mediated phagocytosis of rituximab-coated CLL cells. Overall, these results suggest that in CLL patients treated with R406 or GS-9973 T cell functions, as well as macrophage-mediated anti-tumor activity of rituximab, might be impaired. The potential consequences for CLL-treated patients are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Colado
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Oncológica, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)-Academia Nacional de Medicina (ANM), Pacheco de Melo 3081, 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Belén Almejún
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Oncológica, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)-Academia Nacional de Medicina (ANM), Pacheco de Melo 3081, 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Enrique Podaza
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Oncológica, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)-Academia Nacional de Medicina (ANM), Pacheco de Melo 3081, 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Denise Risnik
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Oncológica, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)-Academia Nacional de Medicina (ANM), Pacheco de Melo 3081, 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carmen Stanganelli
- Servicio de Patología Molecular, Instituto de Investigaciones Hematológicas-ANM, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Esteban Enrique Elías
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Oncológica, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)-Academia Nacional de Medicina (ANM), Pacheco de Melo 3081, 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Patricia Dos Santos
- Laboratorio de Genética de Neoplasias Linfoides, IMEX-CONICET-ANM, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Irma Slavutsky
- Laboratorio de Genética de Neoplasias Linfoides, IMEX-CONICET-ANM, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - María Cabrejo
- Departamento de Hematología, Sanatorio Julio Méndez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Mirta Giordano
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Oncológica, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)-Academia Nacional de Medicina (ANM), Pacheco de Melo 3081, 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Romina Gamberale
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Oncológica, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)-Academia Nacional de Medicina (ANM), Pacheco de Melo 3081, 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mercedes Borge
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Oncológica, Instituto de Medicina Experimental (IMEX)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)-Academia Nacional de Medicina (ANM), Pacheco de Melo 3081, 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Departamento de Microbiología, Parasitología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Alsagaby SA, Brennan P, Pepper C. Key Molecular Drivers of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. CLINICAL LYMPHOMA MYELOMA & LEUKEMIA 2016; 16:593-606. [PMID: 27601002 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is an adult neoplastic disease of B cells characterized by variable clinical outcomes. Although some patients have an aggressive form of the disease and often encounter treatment failure and short survival, others have more stable disease with long-term survival and little or no need for theraphy. In the past decade, significant advances have been made in our understanding of the molecular drivers that affect the natural pathology of CLL. The present review describes what is known about these key molecules in the context of their role in tumor pathogenicity, prognosis, and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suliman A Alsagaby
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Science, Majmaah University, Al-Zuli, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Institute of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
| | - Paul Brennan
- Institute of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Chris Pepper
- Institute of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
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8
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Lu K, Fang XS, Feng LL, Jiang YJ, Zhou XX, Liu X, Li PP, Chen N, Ding M, Wang N, Zhang J, Wang X. The STAT3 inhibitor WP1066 reverses the resistance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells to histone deacetylase inhibitors induced by interleukin-6. Cancer Lett 2015; 359:250-8. [PMID: 25636517 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by a variety of cell types, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells, lymphocytes, and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Levels of IL-6 are increased in serum of CLL patients and correlated with adverse clinical features and short survival. In our study, we observed that IL-6 induced the resistance of CLL cells to pan-histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors vorinostat (SAHA) and panobinostat (LBH589). Furthermore, low concentrations of SAHA and LBH589 enhanced the activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway induced by IL-6 in CLL cells. All of these effects were blocked by the STAT3-selective inhibitor, WP1066. Meanwhile, WP1066 decreased the expressions of Mcl-1 and Bcl-xL protein induced by IL-6 with or without low concentrations of HDAC inhibitors. Co-culture of CLL cells with BMSCs could also facilitate the activation of STAT3 and protected CLL cells from apoptosis when treated with HDAC inhibitors, and this cytoprotection was reversed by WP1066. The present study indicated that IL-6 or co-culture with BMSCs prevented HDAC inhibitor-induced apoptosis of CLL cells. This prevention was mediated by activation of the STAT3 signaling pathway. Moreover, WP1066 reversed the resistance of CLL cells to SAHA and LBH589 induced by either IL-6 or co-culture with BMSCs. Our findings suggest that targeting the STAT3 pathway may be a novel way to improve the efficacy of the HDAC inhibitor in CLL patients by overcoming antiapoptotic signaling of the microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Lu
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Xiao-sheng Fang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Li-li Feng
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Yu-jie Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Xiang-xiang Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Pei-pei Li
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Na Chen
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Mei Ding
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Institute of Diagnostics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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9
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Extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) promotes M2 macrophage polarization in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 2015; 125:111-23. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-07-589069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Key Points
CLL lymphocytes show high intracellular and extracellular NAMPT levels, further increased upon activation. eNAMPT prompts differentiation of CLL monocytes into M2 macrophages that sustain CLL survival and reduce T-cell proliferation.
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10
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Guriec N, Le Jossic-Corcos C, Simon B, Ianotto JC, Tempescul A, Dréano Y, Salaün JP, Berthou C, Corcos L. The arachidonic acid-LTB4-BLT2 pathway enhances human B-CLL aggressiveness. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2014; 1842:2096-105. [PMID: 25072959 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2014.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 06/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Deregulation of the oxidative cascade of poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has been associated with several cancers, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). Leukotriene B4 (LTB4), a metabolite of arachidonic acid (AA), is produced by B-CLL and contributes to their survival. The aim of the present study was to analyze the activity of the oxidative cascade of PUFAs in B-CLL. Purified B cells from patients and normal B CD5 positive cells were subjected to flow cytometry, Western-blot and RT-qPCR analyses. LTB4 plasma and intracellular concentrations were determined by ELISA. Our results showed that aggressive B-CLL tumor cells, i.e. cells with an annual proliferation index above 2, over-expressed calcium-dependent and calcium-independent phospholipases A2 (cPLA2-alpha and iPLA2-beta, respectively), 5-lipoxygenase (5LOX) and leukotriene A4 hydroxylase (LTA4H). Intracellular LTB4 levels were lower in the most aggressive cells than in cells with a smaller proliferation index, despite equivalent plasma levels, and lower expression of cytochrome P450 4F3A (CYP4F3A), one major enzyme involved in LTB4 inactivation. Since BLT2, a LTB4 membrane receptor was also more often expressed on aggressive tumor cells, and since a BLT2 inhibitor significantly impaired B-CLL viability in vitro, we propose that LTB4 was efficiently trapped onto BLT2 present on aggressive tumors, thereby eliciting an autocrine response. Taken together our results demonstrate a major deregulation of the pathway leading to LTB4 synthesis and degradation in B-CLL cells, and provide a framework for understanding how these modifications promote cell survival and proliferation, especially in the most aggressive BCLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Guriec
- Laboratoire de thérapie cellulaire et d'immunobiologie des cancers, CHU, Hôpital Morvan, 5, avenue Foch, 29200 Brest, France.
| | | | - Brigitte Simon
- UMR INSERM 1078, SFR ScInBioS, CHU, Faculté de médecine, 22 avenue C. Desmoulins, 29200 Brest, France
| | | | - Adrian Tempescul
- Service d'hématologie clinique, CHU, Hôpital Morvan, 5, avenue Foch, 29200 Brest, France
| | - Yvonne Dréano
- UMR INSERM 1078, SFR ScInBioS, CHU, Faculté de médecine, 22 avenue C. Desmoulins, 29200 Brest, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Salaün
- UMR INSERM 1078, SFR ScInBioS, CHU, Faculté de médecine, 22 avenue C. Desmoulins, 29200 Brest, France
| | - Christian Berthou
- Laboratoire de thérapie cellulaire et d'immunobiologie des cancers, CHU, Hôpital Morvan, 5, avenue Foch, 29200 Brest, France; Service d'hématologie clinique, CHU, Hôpital Morvan, 5, avenue Foch, 29200 Brest, France
| | - Laurent Corcos
- UMR INSERM 1078, SFR ScInBioS, CHU, Faculté de médecine, 22 avenue C. Desmoulins, 29200 Brest, France
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D'Arena G, Calapai G, Deaglio S. Anti-CD44 mAb for the treatment of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia and other hematological malignancies: evaluation of WO2013063498. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2014; 24:821-8. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2014.915942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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12
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Burke RT, Meadows S, Loriaux MM, Currie KS, Mitchell SA, Maciejewski P, Clarke AS, Dipaolo JA, Druker BJ, Lannutti BJ, Spurgeon SE. A potential therapeutic strategy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia by combining Idelalisib and GS-9973, a novel spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) inhibitor. Oncotarget 2014; 5:908-15. [PMID: 24659719 PMCID: PMC4011593 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Agents that target B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling in lymphoid malignancies including idelalisib (GS-1101) and fostamatinib which inhibit the delta isoform of PI3 kinase (PI3Kd) and spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) respectively have shown significant clinical activity. By disrupting B-cell signaling pathways, idelalisib treatment has been associated with a dramatic lymph node response, but eradication of disease and relapse in high risk disease remain challenges. Targeting the BCR signaling pathway with simultaneous inhibition of PI3Kd and Syk has not yet been reported. We evaluated the pre-clinical activity of idelalisib combined with the novel and selective Syk inhibitor GS-9973 in primary peripheral blood and bone marrow Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) samples. Both PI3Kd and Syk inhibition reduced CLL survival and in combination induced synergistic growth inhibition and further disrupted chemokine signaling at nanomolar concentrations including in bone marrow derived and poor risk samples. Simultaneous targeting of these kinases may significantly increase clinical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell T Burke
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | | | - Marc M Loriaux
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Division of Pathology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Brian J. Druker
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Stephen E. Spurgeon
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
- Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Oregon Health & Science University
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13
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Cutucache CE. Tumor-induced host immunosuppression: Special focus on CLL. Int Immunopharmacol 2013; 17:35-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2013.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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14
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CD44 regulates the apoptotic response and promotes disease development in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 2013; 121:4126-36. [PMID: 23547049 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2012-11-466250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell-surface glycoprotein CD44 is expressed in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), but its functional role in this disease is poorly characterized. We therefore investigated the contribution of CD44 to CLL in a murine disease model, the Eµ-TCL1 transgenic mouse, and in CLL patients. Surface CD44 increased during murine CLL development. CD44 expression in human CLL was induced by stimulation with interleukin 4/soluble CD40 ligand and by stroma cell contact. Engagement of CD44 by its natural ligands, hyaluronic acid or chondroitin sulfate, protected CLL cells from apoptosis, while anti-CD44 small interfering RNAs impaired tumor cell viability. Deletion of CD44 during TCL1-driven murine leukemogenesis reduced the tumor burden in peripheral blood and spleen and led to a prolonged overall survival. The leukemic cells from these CD44 knockout animals revealed lower levels of antiapoptotic MCL1, a higher propensity to apoptosis, and a diminished B-cell receptor kinase response. The inhibitory anti-CD44 antibodies IM7 and A3D8 impaired the viability of CLL cells in suspension cultures, in stroma contact models, and in vivo via MCL1 reduction and by effector caspase activation. Taken together, CD44 expression in CLL is mediated by the tumor microenvironment. As a coreceptor, CD44 promotes leukemogenesis by regulating stimuli of MCL1 expression. Moreover, CD44 can be addressed therapeutically in CLL by specific antibodies.
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Filip AA. New boys in town: prognostic role of SF3B1, NOTCH1 and other cryptic alterations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and how it works. Leuk Lymphoma 2013; 54:1876-81. [PMID: 23343182 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2013.769049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) is one of the most common leukemias of the elderly. To date, although many prognostic factors are known, none are universal or easily accessible thus allowing for the stratification of patients to slow-go and aggressive-course groups. Recent studies have identified new recurrent mutations in CLL cells, including mutation of the gene encoding one of the spliceosome subunits, SF3B1, mutation or rearrangement of NOTCH1, a gene of well-known tumorigenesis association, and disruption of BIRC3, a member of the inhibitors of apoptosis (IAP) family. This article presents the current state-of-the-art findings concerning the prognostic significance of these new alterations, as well as an explanation of the mechanisms underlying their biological impact on CLL lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata A Filip
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, Poland.
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