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Khan MM, Sharma V, Serajuddin M, Kirabo A. Integrated grade-wise profiling analysis reveals potential plasma miR-373-3p as prognostic indicator in Prostate Cancer & its target KPNA2. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:954-963. [PMID: 38699204 PMCID: PMC11063115 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Plasma microRNAs (miRNAs) have recently garnered attention for their potential as stable biomarkers in the context of Prostate Cancer (PCa), demonstrating established associations with tumor grade, biochemical recurrence (BCR), and metastasis. This study seeks to assess the utility of plasma miRNAs as prognostic indicators for distinguishing between high-grade and low-grade PCa, and to explore their involvement in PCa pathogenesis. Methodology We conducted miRNA profiling in both plasma and tissue specimens from patients with varying PCa grades. Subsequently, the identified miRNAs were validated in a substantial independent PCa cohort. Furthermore, we identified and confirmed the gene targets of these selected miRNAs through Western blot analysis. Results In our plasma profiling investigation, we identified 98, 132, and 154 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in high-grade PCa vs. benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), low-grade PCa vs. BPH, and high-grade PCa vs. low-grade PCa, respectively. Our tissue profiling study revealed 111, 132, and 257 statistically significant DEMs for the same comparisons. Notably, miR-373-3p emerged as the sole consistently dysregulated miRNA in both plasma and tissue samples of PCa. This miRNA displayed significant overexpression in plasma and tissue samples, with fold changes of 3.584 ± 0.5638 and 8.796 ± 1.245, respectively. Furthermore, we observed a significant reduction in KPNA2 protein expression in PCa. Conclusion Our findings lend support to the potential of plasma miR-373-3p as a valuable biomarker for predicting and diagnosing PCa. Additionally, this miRNA may contribute to the progression of PCa by inhibiting KPNA2 expression, shedding light on its role in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Mabood Khan
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, 37232, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, India
| | - Vineeta Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi, 110021, India
| | | | - Annet Kirabo
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, 37232, Tennessee, USA
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Zhang L, Xu Y, Cheng Z, Zhao J, Wang M, Sun Y, Mi Z, Yuan Z, Wu Z. The EGR1/miR-139/NRF2 axis orchestrates radiosensitivity of non-small-cell lung cancer via ferroptosis. Cancer Lett 2024; 595:217000. [PMID: 38821254 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is one of the predominant treatment modalities for almost all kinds of malignant cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Increasing evidence shows that ionizing radiation (IR) induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to lipid peroxidation and subsequently ferroptosis of cancer cells. However, cancer cells evolve multiple mechanisms against ROS biology resulting in resistance to ferroptosis and radiotherapy, of which NRF2 signaling is one of the most studied. In the current research, we identified that microRNA-139 (miR-139) could be a novel radiosensitizer for NSCLC by inhibiting NRF2 signaling. We found that miR-139 possessed great potential as a diagnostic biomarker for NSCLC and multiple other types of cancer. Overexpression of miR-139 increased radiosensitivity of NSCLC cells in vitro and in vivo. MiR-139 directly targeted cJUN and KPNA2 to impair NRF2 signaling resulting in enhanced IR-induced lipid peroxidation and cellular ferroptosis. We proved KPNA2 to be a binding partner of NRF2 that involved in nuclear translocation of NRF2. Moreover, we found that IR induced miR-139 expression through transcriptional factor EGR1. EGR1 bound to the promoter region and transactivated miR-139. Overall, our findings elucidated the effect of EGR1/miR-139/NRF2 in IR-induced ferroptosis of NSCLC cells and provided theoretical support for the potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 300060, Tianjin, China
| | - Yihan Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 300060, Tianjin, China
| | - Zeyuan Cheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 300060, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinlin Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 300060, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medicine on Head & Neck Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Meixi Wang
- Department of Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, 300060, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanchen Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 300060, Tianjin, China
| | - Zeyun Mi
- Department of Public Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, 300060, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medicine on Head & Neck Cancer, Tianjin, China.
| | - Zhiyong Yuan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 300060, Tianjin, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, 300060, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Medicine on Head & Neck Cancer, Tianjin, China.
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3
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Li W, Zheng C, Xu X, Xia Y, Zhang K, Huang A, Zhang X, Zheng Y, Chen G, Zhang S. Combined therapy of dabrafenib and an anti-HER2 antibody-drug conjugate for advanced BRAF-mutant melanoma. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:50. [PMID: 38594618 PMCID: PMC11005275 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00555-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma is the most lethal skin cancer characterized by its high metastatic potential. In the past decade, targeted and immunotherapy have brought revolutionary survival benefits to patients with advanced and metastatic melanoma, but these treatment responses are also heterogeneous and/or do not achieve durable responses. Therefore, novel therapeutic strategies for improving outcomes remain an unmet clinical need. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic potential and underlying molecular mechanisms of RC48, a novel HER2-target antibody drug conjugate, either alone or in combination with dabrafenib, a V600-mutant BRAF inhibitor, for the treatment of advanced BRAF-mutant cutaneous melanoma. METHODS We evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of RC48, alone or in combination with dabrafenib, in BRAF-mutant cutaneous melanoma cell lines and cell-derived xenograft (CDX) models. We also conducted signaling pathways analysis and global mRNA sequencing to explore mechanisms underlying the synergistic effect of the combination therapy. RESULTS Our results revealed the expression of membrane-localized HER2 in melanoma cells. RC48 effectively targeted and inhibited the growth of HER2-positive human melanoma cell lines and corresponding CDX models. When used RC48 and dabrafenib synergically induced tumor regression together in human BRAF-mutant melanoma cell lines and CDX models. Mechanically, our results demonstrated that the combination therapy induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest while suppressing cell motility in vitro. Furthermore, global RNA sequencing analysis demonstrated that the combination treatment led to the downregulation of several key signaling pathways, including the PI3K-AKT pathway, MAPK pathway, AMPK pathway, and FOXO pathway. CONCLUSION These findings establish a preclinical foundation for the combined use of an anti-HER2 drug conjugate and a BRAF inhibitor in the treatment of BRAF-mutant cutaneous melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weisong Li
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, 1 Hexie Road, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, 1 Hexie Road, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Xi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, 1 Hexie Road, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Yujie Xia
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, 1 Hexie Road, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, 1 Hexie Road, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Ao Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, 1 Hexie Road, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Yong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, 1 Hexie Road, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
| | - Guofang Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Clinical and Translational Research Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Shuyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases (Ministry of Education), Gannan Medical University, 1 Hexie Road, Rongjiang New District, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
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Hutchings C, Nuriel Y, Lazar D, Kohl A, Muir E, Genin O, Cinnamon Y, Benyamini H, Nevo Y, Sela-Donenfeld D. Hindbrain boundaries as niches of neural progenitor and stem cells regulated by the extracellular matrix proteoglycan chondroitin sulphate. Development 2024; 151:dev201934. [PMID: 38251863 PMCID: PMC10911165 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The interplay between neural progenitors and stem cells (NPSCs), and their extracellular matrix (ECM) is a crucial regulatory mechanism that determines their behavior. Nonetheless, how the ECM dictates the state of NPSCs remains elusive. The hindbrain is valuable to examine this relationship, as cells in the ventricular surface of hindbrain boundaries (HBs), which arise between any two neighboring rhombomeres, express the NPSC marker Sox2, while being surrounded with the membrane-bound ECM molecule chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan (CSPG), in chick and mouse embryos. CSPG expression was used to isolate HB Sox2+ cells for RNA-sequencing, revealing their distinguished molecular properties as typical NPSCs, which express known and newly identified genes relating to stem cells, cancer, the matrisome and cell cycle. In contrast, the CSPG- non-HB cells, displayed clear neural-differentiation transcriptome. To address whether CSPG is significant for hindbrain development, its expression was manipulated in vivo and in vitro. CSPG manipulations shifted the stem versus differentiation state of HB cells, evident by their behavior and altered gene expression. These results provide further understanding of the uniqueness of hindbrain boundaries as repetitive pools of NPSCs in-between the rapidly growing rhombomeres, which rely on their microenvironment to maintain their undifferentiated state during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmel Hutchings
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Yarden Nuriel
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Daniel Lazar
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Ayelet Kohl
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Elizabeth Muir
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK
| | - Olga Genin
- Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Department of Poultry and Aquaculture Science, Rishon LeTsiyon 7505101, Israel
| | - Yuval Cinnamon
- Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Department of Poultry and Aquaculture Science, Rishon LeTsiyon 7505101, Israel
| | - Hadar Benyamini
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Yuval Nevo
- Info-CORE, Bioinformatics Unit of the I-CORE at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Dalit Sela-Donenfeld
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agricultural, Food, and Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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Yamada A, Wake K, Imaoka S, Motoyoshi M, Yamamoto T, Asano M. Analysis of the effects of importin α1 on the nuclear translocation of IL-1α in HeLa cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1322. [PMID: 38225348 PMCID: PMC10789739 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51521-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-1α (IL-1α), a cytokine released by necrotic cells, causes sterile inflammation. On the other hand, IL-1α is present in the nucleus and also regulates the expression of many proteins. A protein substrate containing a classical nuclear localization signal (cNLS) typically forms a substrate/importin α/β complex, which is subsequently transported to the nucleus. To the best of our knowledge, no study has directly investigated whether IL-1α-which includes cNLS-is imported into the nucleus in an importin α/β-dependent manner. In this study, we noted that all detected importin α subtypes interacted with IL-1α. In HeLa cells, importin α1-mediated nuclear translocation of IL-1α occurred at steady state and was independent of importin β1. Importin α1 not only was engaged in IL-1α nuclear transport but also concurrently functioned as a molecule that regulated IL-1α protein level in the cell. Furthermore, we discussed the underlying mechanism of IL-1α nuclear translocation by importin α1 based on our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Yamada
- Department of Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13, Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan.
- Division of Immunology and Pathobiology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13, Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan.
| | - Kiyotaka Wake
- Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13, Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
- Division of Oral Structural and Functional Biology, Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8-13, Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Saya Imaoka
- Department of Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13, Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
- Division of Immunology and Pathobiology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13, Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Motoyoshi
- Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13, Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
- Division of Clinical Research, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13, Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Takenori Yamamoto
- Division of Molecular Target and Gene Therapy Products, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26, Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
- Institute for Genome Research, Tokushima University, Kuramotocho-3, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Masatake Asano
- Department of Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13, Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
- Division of Immunology and Pathobiology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13, Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
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Huang JL, Yan XL, Huang D, Gan L, Gao H, Fan RZ, Li S, Yuan FY, Zhu X, Tang GH, Chen HW, Wang J, Yin S. Discovery of a highly potent and orally available importin- β1 inhibitor that overcomes enzalutamide-resistance in advanced prostate cancer. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:4934-4944. [PMID: 38045040 PMCID: PMC10692375 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear transporter importin-β1 is emerging as an attractive target by virtue of its prevalence in many cancers. However, the lack of druggable inhibitors restricts its therapeutic proof of concept. In the present work, we optimized a natural importin-β1 inhibitor DD1 to afford an improved analog DD1-Br with better tolerability (>25 folds) and oral bioavailability. DD1-Br inhibited the survival of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) cells with sub-nanomolar potency and completely prevented tumor growth in resistant CRPC models both in monotherapy (0.5 mg/kg) and in enzalutamide-combination therapy. Mechanistic study revealed that by targeting importin-β1, DD1-Br markedly inhibited the nuclear accumulation of multiple CRPC drivers, particularly AR-V7, a main contributor to enzalutamide resistance, leading to the integral suppression of downstream oncogenic signaling. This study provides a promising lead for CRPC and demonstrates the potential of overcoming drug resistance in advanced CRPC via targeting importin-β1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Luo Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xue-Long Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Dong Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lu Gan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Huahua Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Run-Zhu Fan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shen Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fang-Yu Yuan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xinying Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Gui-Hua Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hong-Wu Chen
- School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Junjian Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Sheng Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Xu X, Song B, Zhang Q, Qi W, Xu Y. Hsa_circ_0022383 promote non-small cell lung cancer tumorigenesis through regulating the miR-495-3p/KPNA2 axis. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:282. [PMID: 37981709 PMCID: PMC10658815 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03068-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Hsa_circ_0022383 (circ_0022383) is a newly discovered circRNA. Its functions and relevant molecular mechanisms in tumorigenesis have not been reported. Here we aimed to explore how circ_0022383 regulates the tumorigenesis of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We found thatcirc_0022383 expression was dramatically elevated in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. Upregulation of circ_0022383 was associated with poor prognosis in NSCLC patients. Silencing of circ_0022383 repressed cell proliferation and migration in vitro and inhibited oncogenesis and tumor metastasis in vivo. Moreover, our results discovered that circ_0022383 was mainly located in the cytoplasm of NSCLC cells. Mechanistically, circ_0022383 sponged miR-495-3p to modulate KPNA2 expression, thereby regulating NSCLC tumorigenesis and progression. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that circ_0022383 facilitates NSCLC tumorigenesis by regulating the miR-495-3p/KPNA2 axis, providing new insights into NSCLC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 1882, Central South Road, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314000, PR China
| | - Binbin Song
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 1882, Central South Road, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314000, PR China
| | - Qiuliang Zhang
- Department of Nutriology, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314000, PR China
| | - Weibo Qi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 1882, Central South Road, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314000, PR China.
| | - Yufen Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 1882, Central South Road, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314000, PR China.
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8
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Herbst A, Bexter F, Kouassi NM, Gabriel G, Rautenschlein S. Distribution of importin-α isoforms in poultry species and their tissue- and age-related differences. Res Vet Sci 2023; 164:104994. [PMID: 37696109 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.104994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
While importin-α is well studied in mammals, the knowledge in avian species is still limited. In this study, we compared the mRNA expression patterns of five importin-α isoforms in the respiratory tract, liver, and spleen of chickens, turkeys, and pekin ducks in two different age-groups. In addition, we determined the distribution of importin-α in selected tissue of conchae, trachea, and lung of post-hatch chickens at all cellular levels by immunohistochemical staining. Our results indicate that importin-α3 is the most abundant isoform in the respiratory tract of chickens, turkeys, and pekin ducks. Moreover, importin-α is expressed as a gradient with lowest mRNA levels in the conchae and highest levels in the lung. The mRNA expression levels of most isoforms were higher in tissues from post-hatch chickens and turkeys in comparison to the corresponding embryos. In contrast to that, duck embryos mostly show higher mRNA expression levels of importin-α than post-hatch ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Herbst
- Clinic for Poultry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Buenteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Frederik Bexter
- Clinic for Poultry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Buenteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
| | | | - Gülsah Gabriel
- Leibniz-Institute for Virology, Martinistraße 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany; Institute for Virology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Buenteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Silke Rautenschlein
- Clinic for Poultry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Buenteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
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9
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Pan Y, Zhang Y, Lu Z, Jin D, Li S. The role of KPNA2 as a monotonically changing differentially expressed gene in the diagnosis, risk stratification, and chemotherapy sensitivity of chronic hepatitis B-liver cirrhosis-hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:13753-13771. [PMID: 37526663 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05213-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic hepatitis B-liver cirrhosis-hepatocellular carcinoma (CLH), commonly called the "liver cancer trilogy", is a crucial evolutionary phase in the emergence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in China. Previous studies on early diagnostic biomarkers of HCC were limited to the end-stage of HCC and did not focus on the evolutionary process of CLH. METHODS 11 monotonically changing differentially expressed genes (MCDEGs) highly correlated with CLH were screened through bioinformatic analysis and KPNA2 was identified for further research. The serum KPNA2 expression in different CLH states was detected by Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A nomogram model was constructed using univariate and multivariate Cox regression methods. RESULTS The single-cell RNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq revealed that KPNA2 related to immune infiltration in HCC and may participate in cell cycle pathways in HCC. The serum KPNA2 expression was monotonically upregulated in CLH and was valuable for diagnosing different CLH states. Besides, chronic hepatitis B(CHB) patients, liver cirrhosis (LC) patients, and HCC patients were classified into subgroups with distinct serum KPNA2 expressions. Accordingly, patients with different serum KPNA2 expressions displayed various clinicopathological features. The AUC value of the nomogram model was 0.959 in predicting the likelihood of developing HCC in CHB patients or LC patients. Finally, we found that KPNA2 expression was negatively correlated with the IC50 of four chemotherapeutic drugs in HCC. CONCLUSION KPNA2 was a novel serum biomarker for diagnosing different CLH states, monitoring the dynamic evolution of CLH, and a new therapeutic target for intervening in the progression of CLH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Pan
- Department of Infectious Disease, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 739 Dingshen Rd, Zhoushan City, 316021, China
| | - Yiru Zhang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 739 Dingshen Rd, Zhoushan City, 316021, China
- State Key Laboratory for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd, Hangzhou City, 310003, China
| | - Zhengmei Lu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 739 Dingshen Rd, Zhoushan City, 316021, China
| | - Danwen Jin
- Pathological Diagnosis Center, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 739 Dingshen Rd, Zhoushan City, 316021, China
| | - Shibo Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 739 Dingshen Rd, Zhoushan City, 316021, China.
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10
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Gao K, Gao Z, Xia M, Li H, Di J. Role of plectin and its interacting molecules in cancer. Med Oncol 2023; 40:280. [PMID: 37632650 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02132-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Plectin, as the cytolinker and scaffolding protein, are widely expressed and abundant in many tissues, and has involved in various cellular activities contributing to tumorigenesis, such as cell adhesion, migration, and signal transduction. Due to the specific expression and differential localization of plectin in cancer, most researchers focus on the role of plectin in cancer, and it has emerged as a potent driver of malignant hallmarks in many human cancers, which provides the possibility for plectin to be widely used as a biomarker and therapeutic target in the early diagnosis and targeted drug delivery of the disease. However, there is still a lack of systematic review on the interaction molecules and mechanism of plectin. Herein, we summarized the structure, expression and function of plectin, and mainly focused on recent studies on the functional and physical interactions between plectin and its interacting molecules, shedding light on the potential of targeting plectin for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyu Gao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhimin Gao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingyi Xia
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hailong Li
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jiehui Di
- Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
- Center of Clinical Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huaihai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
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11
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Navarrete-López P, Maroto M, Pericuesta E, Fernández-González R, Lombó M, Ramos-Ibeas P, Gutiérrez-Adán A. Loss of the importin Kpna2 causes infertility in male mice by disrupting the translocation of testis-specific transcription factors. iScience 2023; 26:107134. [PMID: 37456838 PMCID: PMC10338237 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Karyopherins mediate the movement between the nucleus and cytoplasm of specific proteins in diverse cellular processes. Through a loss-of-function approach, we here examine the role of Karyopherin Subunit Alpha 2 (Kpna2) in spermatogenesis. Knockout male mice exhibited reduced body size and sperm motility, increased sperm abnormalities, and led to the dysregulation of testis gene expression and ultimately to infertility. Impaired mRNA expression mainly affected clusters of genes expressed in spermatids and spermatocytes. Downregulated genes included a set of genes that participate in cell adhesion and extracellular matrix (ECM) organization. We detected both the enrichment of some transcription factors that bind to regions around transcription start sites of downregulated genes and the impaired transport of specific factors to the nucleus of spermatid cells. We propose that Kpna2 is essential in the seminiferous tubules for promoting the translocation of testis-specific transcription factors that control the expression of genes related to ECM organization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - María Maroto
- Department of Animal Reproduction, INIA-CSIC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Pericuesta
- Department of Animal Reproduction, INIA-CSIC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Marta Lombó
- Department of Animal Reproduction, INIA-CSIC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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12
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King AC, Zenker AK. Sex blind: bridging the gap between drug exposure and sex-related gene expression in Danio rerio using next-generation sequencing (NGS) data and a literature review to find the missing links in pharmaceutical and environmental toxicology studies. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2023; 5:1187302. [PMID: 37398910 PMCID: PMC10312089 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1187302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The sex of both humans and Danio rerio has previously been shown to affect the way individuals respond to drug exposure. Genes which allow identification of sex in juvenile zebrafish show potential to reveal these confounding variables between sex in toxicological and preclinical trials but the link between these is so far missing. These sex-specific, early expressed genes where expression is not altered by drug exposure must be carefully selected for this purpose. We aimed to discover genes which can be used in pharmaceutical trials and environmental toxicology studies to uncover sex-related variations in gene expression with drug application using the model organism Danio rerio. Previously published early sex determining genes from King et al. were evaluated as well as additional genes selected from our zebrafish Next-generation sequencing (NGS) data which are known from previously published works not to be susceptible to changes in expression with drug exposure. NGS revealed a further ten female-specific genes (vtg1, cyp17a1, cyp19a1a, igf3, ftz-f1, gdf9, foxl2a, Nr0b1, ipo4, lhcgr) and five male related candidate genes (FKBP5, apobb1, hbaa1, dmrt1, spata6) which are also expressed in juvenile zebrafish, 28 days post fertilisation (dpf). Following this, a literature review was performed to classify which of these early-expressed sex specific genes are already known to be affected by drug exposure in order to determine candidate genes to be used in pharmaceutical trials or environmental toxicology testing studies. Discovery of these early sex-determining genes in Danio rerio will allow identification of sex-related responses to drug testing to improve sex-specific healthcare and the medical treatment of human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Armin K. Zenker
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts North-Western Switzerland (FHNW), Muttenz, Switzerland
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13
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Yang X, Wang H, Zhang L, Yao S, Dai J, Wen G, An J, Jin H, Du Q, Hu Y, Zheng L, Chen X, Yi Z, Tuo B. Novel roles of karyopherin subunit alpha 2 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114792. [PMID: 37121148 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common type of liver cancer and associated with a high fatality rate. This disease poses a major threat to human health worldwide. A considerable number of genetic and epigenetic factors are involved in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma remains unclear. Karyopherin subunit alpha 2 (KPNA2), also termed importin α1, is a member of the nuclear transporter family. In recent years, KPNA2 has been gradually linked to the nuclear transport pathway for a variety of tumor-associated proteins. Furthermore, it promotes tumor development by participating in various pathophysiological processes such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, immune response, and viral infection. In hepatocellular carcinoma, it has been found that KPNA2 expression is significantly higher in liver cancer tissues versus paracancerous tissues. Moreover, it has been identified as a marker of poor prognosis and early recurrence in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Nevertheless, the role of KPNA2 in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma remains to be determined. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the pathogenesis and role of KPNA2 in hepatocellular carcinoma, and provides new directions and strategies for the diagnosis, treatment, and prediction of prognosis of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyue Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Hu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Shun Yao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jing Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Guorong Wen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Jiaxing An
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Hai Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Qian Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yanxia Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Liming Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Xingyue Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Zhiqiang Yi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Biguang Tuo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Digestive Disease Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China; The Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regenerative Medicine of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
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14
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Feng HP, Liu YC, Wang CL, Liao WC, Yu JS, Yu CJ. Acetylation regulates the nucleocytoplasmic distribution and oncogenic function of karyopherin alpha 2 in lung adenocarcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 659:96-104. [PMID: 37060831 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Karyopherin subunit alpha 2 (KPNA2, importin α1) is a nucleoplasmic protein responsible for the nuclear import of proteins with classical nuclear localization signals. Aberrant nuclear accumulation of KPNA2 has been observed in numerous cancer tissues. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is involved in the phosphorylation and acetylation of KPNA2 in enterocytes. However, the impact of these post-translational modifications on modulating the nucleocytoplasmic distribution of KPNA2 and its oncogenic role remain unclear. Unlike nuclear accumulation of wild-type KPNA2, which promoted lung cancer cell migration, KPNA2 Lys22 acetylation-mimicking mutations (K22Q and K22Q/S105A) prevented nuclear localization of KPNA2 and reduced the cell migration ability. Cytosolic KPNA2 K22Q interacted with and restricted the nuclear entry of E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1), an oncogenic cargo protein of KPNA2, in lung cancer cells. Intriguingly, the AMPK activator EX229 promoted the nuclear export of KPNA2 S105A. However, the CBP/p300 inhibitor CCS-1477 abolished this phenomenon, suggesting that CBP/p300-mediated acetylation of KPNA2 promoted KPNA2 nuclear export in lung cancer cells. Collectively, our findings suggest that the CBP/p300 positively regulates KPNA2 acetylation, which enhances its cytosolic localization and suppresses its oncogenic activity in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiang-Pu Feng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chin Liu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Liang Wang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chao Liao
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Song Yu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Yu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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15
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Zhou S, Zhuang C, Liu R. KPNA2 promotes osteosarcoma growth and metastasis in a c-Myc-dependent manner via the hedgehog /GLI1 signaling pathway. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
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16
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Wangzhou K, Fu W, Li M, Lu Z, Lai Z, Liu C, Tan Y, Hao C. microRNA-17 is a tumor suppressor in oral squamous cell carcinoma and is repressed by LSD1. Oral Dis 2023; 29:491-504. [PMID: 34152066 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The effects of epigenetic modifiers have been uncovered on cellular reprogramming and, specifically, on sustaining characteristics of cancer stem cells. We here aim to investigate whether lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) affects the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) by sustaining the cancer stem cells from OSCC (OSCSCs). METHODS RT-qPCR detection was firstly conducted to screen out research gene by determining differential expression of histone demethylases and methylases in identified OSCSCs. Then, microarray analysis was carried out in cells with poor expression of LSD1. RESULTS OSCSCs expressed high levels of LSD1, and LSD1 inhibition reduced cell viability, migration, invasion, and sphere formation of OSCSCs. Later mechanistic studies suggested that LSD1 inhibited microRNA (miR)-17 expression through histone demethylation. miR-17 bound to KPNA2, and LSD1 downstream genes were mainly enriched in the PI3K/AKT pathway. Importantly, miR-17 inhibitor reversed the inhibitory effect of si-LSD1 on cell activity, while si-KPNA2 abolished the promotive effect of miR-17 inhibitor on cell activity both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION Overall, LSD1 functions as a cancer stem cell supporter in OSCC by catalyzing demethylation of miR-17 and activating the downstream KPNA2/PI3K/AKT pathway, which contributes to understanding of the mechanisms associated with epigenetic regulation in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixin Wangzhou
- School of Management, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Wanren Fu
- Department of Stomatology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- Department of Research and Education, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical, Haikou, China
| | - Zishao Lu
- Department of Stomatology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhiying Lai
- Department of Stomatology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Harbin Stomatological Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yi Tan
- Department of Stomatology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Chunbo Hao
- Department of Stomatology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
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17
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Aljawad MF, Faisal AHMA, Alqanbar MF, Wilmarth PA, Hassan BQ. Tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomic analysis of cervical cancer. Proteomics Clin Appl 2023; 17:e2100105. [PMID: 36029187 DOI: 10.1002/prca.202100105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is a common cancer in women caused by high-risk human papillomavirus (Hr-HPV). Many potential biomarkers have been proposed for precancerous lesions and cancer diagnosis and some of these markers studied for prognosis. This study determined potential biomarkers for cervical cancer diagnosis in regard to HPV genotype by using isobaric labeling quantitative proteomics. METHODS in the current study, there were 75 formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) uterine cervical samples that used to determine the 14 HPV genotypes and the viral load of each genotype was determined. The tandem mass tag (TMT) proteomic work was performed on four FFPE samples of cervical cancer and four FFPE of control samples. The validation of biomarkers from cervical proteome were evaluated using Immunohistochemistry (IHC) testing. RESULTS The most frequent HPV genotype among all other genotypes was HPV 16. There were 2753 proteins quantified by TMT and 336 of these proteins had significant differential abundances. KPNA2, MCM2, COL1A1, and DCN were selected based on functional enrichment analysis and validated by Immunohistochemistry (IHC) testing. The staining of IHC confirmed the upregulation of KPNA2 and MCM2 expression in cervical neoplasia and the downregulation of DCN and COL1A1 in some cervical cancer group subjects. CONCLUSION The KPNA2 marker was compared to other previously reported biomarkers and is a putative biomarker to be validated in further studies, specifically the relationship with HPV load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed F Aljawad
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Mohammed F Alqanbar
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Kerbala, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Phillip A Wilmarth
- Proteomic Shared Resource, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Basima Q Hassan
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
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18
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Geng X, Qiu X, Gao J, Gong Z, Zhou X, Liu C, Luo H. CREB1 regulates KPNA2 by inhibiting mir-495-3p transcription to control melanoma progression. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2022; 23:57. [DOI: 10.1186/s12860-022-00446-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Melanoma is a common type of skin cancer, and its incidence is increasing gradually. Exploring melanoma pathogenesis helps to find new treatments.
Objective
We aimed to explore the potential molecular mechanisms by which CREB1 regulates melanoma.
Methods
TransmiR and ALGGEN were used to predict targets of CREB1 in the promoter of miR-495-3p or miR-495-3p and KPNA2, and a dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to detect binding of CREB1 to these promoters. In addition, binding of CREB1 to the miR-495-3p promoter was confirmed by a ChIP assay. qRT‒PCR was carried out to detect mRNA levels of miR-495-3p, CREB1 and KPNA2. An EdU assay was conducted to detect cell viability. Transwell assays and flow cytometry were performed to assess cell migration and invasion and apoptosis, respectively. Moreover, factors associated with overall survival were analysed by using the Cox proportional hazards model.
Results
Our results show miR-495-3p to be significantly decreased in melanoma. Additionally, miR-495-3p overexpression inhibited melanoma cell viability. CREB1 targeted miR-495-3p, and CREB1 overexpression enhanced melanoma cell viability by inhibiting miR-495-3p transcription. Moreover, miR-495-3p targeted KPNA2, and CREB1 regulated KPNA2 by inhibiting miR-495-3p transcription to enhance melanoma cell viability.
Conclusion
CREB1 regulates KPNA2 by inhibiting miR-495-3p transcription to control melanoma progression. Our results indicate the molecular mechanism by which the CREB1/miR-495-3p/KPNA2 axis regulates melanoma progression.
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19
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IRF2 Destabilizes Oncogenic KPNA2 to Modulate the Development of Osteosarcoma. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:9973519. [PMID: 36199790 PMCID: PMC9529396 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9973519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcomas (OS) are the most common primary malignant bone tumor. Emerging evidence revealed that karyopherin alpha 2 (KPNA2) was strongly associated with the tumorigenesis and development of numerous human cancers. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression pattern, biological functions, and underlying mechanism of KPNA2 in OS. Bioinformatics TFBIND online was applied to forecast transcription factor (TF) binding sites in the promoter region of KPNA2. The expression profile of KPNA2 in OS tissues were firstly assessed. CCK8, colony formation, wound healing, and Transwell assays were used to assess cell viability, proliferation, and migration in vitro, and in vivo experiments were performed to explore the effects of KPNA2 and interferon regulatory factor-2 (IRF2) on tumor growth. Furthermore, the correlation between IRF2 and KPNA2 was investigated using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), RT-qPCR, western blot, and dual-luciferase assays. KPNA2 was obviously upregulated, while IRF2 decreased significantly in OS tissues and cell lines, as well as negatively correlated with each other. KPNA2 removal remarkably suppressed OS cell growth, migration, invasion in vitro, and tumor growth in vivo, while IRF2 knockdown exerts an opposing effect. IRF2 binds to the KPNA2 promoter to modulate the malignant phenotypes of OS cells by regulating epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The present study demonstrated that KPNA2 performed the oncogenic function, possibly regulating tumor development through EMT. Importantly, it was confirmed that IRF2 serves as a potential upstream TF of KPNA2 involved in the regulation of EMT progress in OS.
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20
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Kim B, Jung M, Moon KC, Han D, Kim K, Kim H, Yang S, Lee D, Jun H, Lee K, Lee CH, Nikas IP, Yang S, Lee H, Ryu HS. Quantitative proteomics identifies
TUBB6
as a biomarker of muscle‐invasion and poor prognosis in bladder cancer. Int J Cancer 2022; 152:320-330. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bohyun Kim
- Department of Pathology, Konkuk University Medical Center Konkuk University School of Medicine Seoul Korea
| | - Minsun Jung
- Department of Pathology, Severance Hospital Yonsei University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Chul Moon
- Department of Pathology Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
- Department of Pathology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea
- Kidney Research Institute, Medical Research Center Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Dohyun Han
- Transdisciplinary Department of Medicine & Advanced Technology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biomedical Research Institute Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea
| | - Kwangsoo Kim
- Transdisciplinary Department of Medicine & Advanced Technology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea
| | - Hyeyoon Kim
- Transdisciplinary Department of Medicine & Advanced Technology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea
- Proteomics Core Facility, Biomedical Research Institute Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea
| | - Sunah Yang
- Transdisciplinary Department of Medicine & Advanced Technology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea
| | - Dongjoo Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering Seoul National University Seoul Korea
| | - Hyeji Jun
- Center for Medical Innovation, Biomedical Research Institute Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea
| | - Kyung‐Min Lee
- Center for Medical Innovation, Biomedical Research Institute Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea
| | - Cheng Hyun Lee
- Department of Pathology Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Ilias P. Nikas
- School of Medicine, European University Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus
| | - Sohyeon Yang
- Department of Pathology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Hyebin Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Han Suk Ryu
- Department of Pathology Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea
- Department of Pathology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea
- Center for Medical Innovation, Biomedical Research Institute Seoul National University Hospital Seoul South Korea
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Jiang L, Li D, Wang C, Liao J, Liu J, Wei Q, Wang Y. Decreased Expression of Karyopherin-α 1 is Related to the Malignant Degree of Cervical Cancer and is Critical for the Proliferation of Hela Cells. Pathol Oncol Res 2022; 28:1610518. [PMID: 35991835 PMCID: PMC9385962 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2022.1610518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Karyopherin α (KPNA) proteins are involved in nucleocytoplasmic trafficking and are critical for protein subcellular localization. Recent studies have suggested that KPNA proteins are abnormally expressed in various solid tumors. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of KPNA1 and KPNA2 in cervical cancer tissue with different histologic grades and cell lines, as well as the effects of the KPNA1 expression level on Hela cell proliferation. We collected the medical data of 106 patients with cervical cancer and investigated the protein expression of KPNA1 and KPNA2 by immunohistochemistry and western blot. The results revealed a significantly lower expression of KPNA1 in cervical cancer compared to normal tissue. Conversely, stronger staining intensity for KPNA2 was observed in cervical tumor samples. The expression levels of KPNA1 and KPNA2 were significantly associated with the tumor histologic grade. The weakest KPNA1 expression and strongest staining for KPNA2 were observed in grade III tumor tissue. The expression levels of KPNA1 were lower in Hela and C33A cells compared with normal human cervical epithelial cells; however, the expression of KPNA2 exhibited an opposite trend. The up-regulation of KPNA1 significantly suppressed the proliferation of Hela cells and relevant proteins expression, as well as promoted transportation of IRF3 into nucleus. Our results suggest the downregulation of KPNA1 expression is related to the malignant degree of cervical cancer and is closely associated with the proliferation of cervical cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucen Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia Liao
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianghuan Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingzhu Wei
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qingzhu Wei, ; Yiyang Wang,
| | - Yiyang Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qingzhu Wei, ; Yiyang Wang,
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Tang G, Zhao H, Xie Z, Wei S, Chen G. Long non-coding RNA HAGLROS facilitates tumorigenesis and progression in hepatocellular carcinoma by sponging miR-26b-5p to up-regulate karyopherin α2 (KPNA2) and inactivate p53 signaling. Bioengineered 2022; 13:7829-7846. [PMID: 35291921 PMCID: PMC9208501 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2049472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a principal histologic type of liver cancer with high mortality. Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) exert a crucial role in the pathogenesis of human tumors. To date, the functions and mechanisms of lncRNA HAGLROS in HCC are rarely reported. In the current study, HAGLROS exhibited a higher level in HCC tissues and cells. HAGLROS expression was positively correlated with tumor size, TNM stage and poor clinical prognosis. Loss-of-function experiments showed that knockdown of HAGLROS significantly lowered cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, migration, invasion and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) but induced apoptosis in vitro. Consistently, tumor growth in the nude mice was effectively slowed by the depletion of HAGLROS. Mechanistically, HAGLROS could competitively bind to miR-26b-5p to prevent the suppression of miR-26b-5p on its downstream target gene Karyopherin α2 (KPNA2). Moreover, the inhibitory effects of HAGLROS knockdown on cell malignant behaviors were reversed due to the miR-26b-5p down-regulation or KPNA2 overexpression. It was interesting to note that HAGLROS inactivated p53 signaling through targeting miR-26b-5p/KPNA2. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that HAGLROS contributed to the malignant progression of HCC via serving as a sponge for miR-26b-5p to facilitate KPNA2 expression and inactivate p53 signaling. Targeting HAGLROS/miR-26b-5p/KPNA2 axis might be an alternative therapeutic strategy for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaofeng Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huibo Zhao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhantao Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sidong Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guoyong Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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23
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MicroRNA-517c Functions as a Tumor Suppressor in Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Downregulation of KPNA2 and Inhibition of PI3K/AKT Pathway. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:7026174. [PMID: 35075389 PMCID: PMC8783737 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7026174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a kind of solid and highly aggressive malignant tumor with poor prognosis. MicroRNA (miRNA/miR) has been confirmed to be involved in HCC development. The current study focused on the functions and mechanisms of miR-517c in HCC. METHODS Expressions of miR-517c and Karyopherin α2 (KPNA2) mRNA in HCC cell lines and tissue samples were examined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Western blot was conducted for detections of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and PI3K/AKT markers. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Transwell assays were utilized to investigate the influence of miR-517c on HCC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. TargetScan and luciferase reporter assay were performed to search for the potential target gene of miR-517c. RESULTS We demonstrated that miR-517c expressions were decreased in HCC tissues and cells. Moreover, the clinical analysis showed that decreased miR-517c expressions in HCC tissues correlated with shorter overall survival and malignant clinicopathologic features of HCC patients. MTT assay showed that miR-517c upregulation prominently repressed HCC cell proliferation. In addition, miR-517c restoration could significantly suppress HCC cell invasion and migration as demonstrated by Transwell assays. We also found that miR-517c directly targeted KPNA2 and regulated the PI3K/AKT pathway and EMT, exerting prohibitory functions in HCC. CONCLUSION Taken together, this study stated that miR-517c inhibited HCC progression via regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway and EMT and targeting KPNA2 in HCC, providing a novel insight into HCC treatment.
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24
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Integrated single-cell RNA sequencing analysis reveals distinct cellular and transcriptional modules associated with survival in lung cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:9. [PMID: 35027529 PMCID: PMC8758688 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00824-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and squamous carcinoma (LUSC) are two major subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer with distinct pathologic features and treatment paradigms. The heterogeneity can be attributed to genetic, transcriptional, and epigenetic parameters. Here, we established a multi-omics atlas, integrating 52 single-cell RNA sequencing and 2342 public bulk RNA sequencing. We investigated their differences in genetic amplification, cellular compositions, and expression modules. We revealed that LUAD and LUSC contained amplifications occurring selectively in subclusters of AT2 and basal cells, and had distinct cellular composition modules associated with poor survival of lung cancer. Malignant and stage-specific gene analyses further uncovered critical transcription factors and genes in tumor progression. Moreover, we identified subclusters with proliferating and differentiating properties in AT2 and basal cells. Overexpression assays of ten genes, including sub-cluster markers AQP5 and KPNA2, further indicated their functional roles, providing potential targets for early diagnosis and treatment in lung cancer.
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25
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Han F, Zhang L, Liao S, Zhang Y, Qian L, Hou F, Gong J, Lai M, Zhang H. The interaction between S100A2 and KPNA2 mediates NFYA nuclear import and is a novel therapeutic target for colorectal cancer metastasis. Oncogene 2022; 41:657-670. [PMID: 34802034 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02116-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Nucleocytoplasmic transport of proteins is disrupted and dysregulated in cancer cells. Nuclear pore complexes and cargo proteins are two main transportation regulators. However, the mechanism regulating nucleocytoplasmic transport in cancer remains elusive. Here, we identified a S100A2/KPNA2 cotransport complex that transports the tumor-associated transcription factor NFYA in colorectal cancer (CRC). Through the S100A2/KNPA2 complex, depending on its interaction with S100A2, NFYA is transported to the nucleus and inhibits the transcriptional activity of E-cadherin, which in turn promotes CRC metastasis. Targeting the S100A2/KPNA2 binding sites with the specific inhibitor delanzomib is a potential therapeutic approach for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyan Han
- Department of Pathology and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Research Unit of Intelligence Classification of Tumor Pathology and Precision Therapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU042), Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.,Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Shaoxia Liao
- Department of Pathology and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Research Unit of Intelligence Classification of Tumor Pathology and Precision Therapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU042), Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanmin Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Lili Qian
- Department of Pathology and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Research Unit of Intelligence Classification of Tumor Pathology and Precision Therapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU042), Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feijun Hou
- Department of Pathology and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Research Unit of Intelligence Classification of Tumor Pathology and Precision Therapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU042), Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingwen Gong
- Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Maode Lai
- Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China. .,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China. .,Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Honghe Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Research Unit of Intelligence Classification of Tumor Pathology and Precision Therapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU042), Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China. .,Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China. .,Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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26
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Chen T, Liu R, Niu Y, Mo H, Wang H, Lu Y, Wang L, Sun L, Wang Y, Tu K, Liu Q. HIF-1α-activated long non-coding RNA KDM4A-AS1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression via the miR-411-5p/KPNA2/AKT pathway. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:1152. [PMID: 34903711 PMCID: PMC8668937 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04449-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer with poor clinical outcomes. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are extensively involved in the tumorigenesis and progression of HCC. However, more investigations should be carried out on novel lncRNAs and their effects on HCC. Here we identified a novel lncRNA KDM4A-AS1, which was aberrantly overexpressed in HCC tissues, associated with unfavorable clinical features and poor prognosis of patients. KDM4A-AS1 promoted HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and contributed to HCC growth and lung metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, KDM4A-AS1 was inversely modulated by miR-411-5p at the post-transcriptional level and facilitated Karyopherin α2 (KPNA2) expression by competitively binding miR-411-5p, thereby activating the AKT pathway. KPNA2 silencing, miR-411-5p overexpression, and AKT inhibitor (MK2206) consistently reversed KDM4A-AS1-enhanced proliferation, mobility, and EMT of HCC cells. KDM4A-AS1 was identified as a novel hypoxia-responsive gene and transactivated by hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) in HCC cells. In turn, KDM4A-AS1 regulated HIF-1α expression through the KPNA2/AKT signaling pathway. Hence, this study revealed a novel hypoxia-responsive lncRNA, KDM4A-AS1, which contributed to HCC growth and metastasis via the KDM4A-AS1/KPNA2/HIF-1α signaling loop. Our findings provide a promising prognostic and therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiang Chen
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, China
| | - Runkun Liu
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, China
| | - Yongshen Niu
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, China
| | - Huanye Mo
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, China
| | - Hao Wang
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, China
| | - Ye Lu
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, China
| | - Liang Wang
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, China
| | - Liankang Sun
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, China
| | - Kangsheng Tu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, China.
| | - Qingguang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, China.
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27
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Vuković LD, Chen P, Mishra S, White KH, Gigley JP, Levy DL. Nuclear Transport Factor 2 (NTF2) suppresses WM983B metastatic melanoma by modifying cell migration, metastasis, and gene expression. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23586. [PMID: 34880267 PMCID: PMC8654834 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02803-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
While changes in nuclear structure and organization are frequently observed in cancer cells, relatively little is known about how nuclear architecture impacts cancer progression and pathology. To begin to address this question, we studied Nuclear Transport Factor 2 (NTF2) because its levels decrease during melanoma progression. We show that increasing NTF2 expression in WM983B metastatic melanoma cells reduces cell proliferation and motility while increasing apoptosis. We also demonstrate that increasing NTF2 expression in these cells significantly inhibits metastasis and prolongs survival of mice. NTF2 levels affect the expression and nuclear positioning of a number of genes associated with cell proliferation and migration, and increasing NTF2 expression leads to changes in nuclear size, nuclear lamin A levels, and chromatin organization. Thus, ectopic expression of NTF2 in WM983B metastatic melanoma abrogates phenotypes associated with advanced stage cancer both in vitro and in vivo, concomitantly altering nuclear and chromatin structure and generating a gene expression profile with characteristics of primary melanoma. We propose that NTF2 is a melanoma tumor suppressor and could be a novel therapeutic target to improve health outcomes of melanoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidija D Vuković
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Pan Chen
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Sampada Mishra
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Karen H White
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Jason P Gigley
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA
| | - Daniel L Levy
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY, 82071, USA.
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28
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Liao WC, Lin TJ, Liu YC, Wei YS, Chen GY, Feng HP, Chang YF, Chang HT, Wang CL, Chi HC, Wang CI, Lin KH, Ou Yang WT, Yu CJ. Nuclear accumulation of KPNA2 impacts radioresistance through positive regulation of the PLSCR1-STAT1 loop in lung adenocarcinoma. Cancer Sci 2021; 113:205-220. [PMID: 34773335 PMCID: PMC8748229 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) is the predominant histological type of lung cancer, and radiotherapy is one of the current therapeutic strategies for lung cancer treatment. Unfortunately, biological complexity and cancer heterogeneity contribute to radioresistance development. Karyopherin α2 (KPNA2) is a member of the importin α family that mediates the nucleocytoplasmic transport of cargo proteins. KPNA2 overexpression is observed across cancer tissues of diverse origins. However, the role of KPNA2 in lung cancer radioresistance is unclear. Herein, we demonstrated that high expression of KPNA2 is positively correlated with radioresistance and cancer stem cell (CSC) properties in lung ADC cells. Radioresistant cells exhibited nuclear accumulation of KPNA2 and its cargos (OCT4 and c‐MYC). Additionally, KPNA2 knockdown regulated CSC‐related gene expression in radioresistant cells. Next‐generation sequencing and bioinformatic analysis revealed that STAT1 activation and nuclear phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) are involved in KPNA2‐mediated radioresistance. Endogenous PLSCR1 interacting with KPNA2 and PLSCR1 knockdown suppressed the radioresistance induced by KPNA2 expression. Both STAT1 and PLSCR1 were found to be positively correlated with dysregulated KPNA2 in radioresistant cells and ADC tissues. We further demonstrated a potential positive feedback loop between PLSCR1 and STAT1 in radioresistant cells, and this PLSCR1‐STAT1 loop modulates CSC characteristics. In addition, AKT1 knockdown attenuated the nuclear accumulation of KPNA2 in radioresistant lung cancer cells. Our results collectively support a mechanistic understanding of a novel role for KPNA2 in promoting radioresistance in lung ADC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chao Liao
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Jen Lin
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chin Liu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shan Wei
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Ying Chen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Pu Feng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Feng Chang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Tzu Chang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Liang Wang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsinag-Cheng Chi
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-I Wang
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University/Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kwang-Huei Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Ou Yang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Yu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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29
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Sun Y, Li W, Li X, Zheng H, Qiu Y, Yang H. Oncogenic role of karyopherin α2 (KPNA2) in human tumors: A pan-cancer analysis. Comput Biol Med 2021; 139:104955. [PMID: 34735944 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND KPNA2, a nuclear export protein that plays an important role in tumorigenesis, is an emerging hotspot target in oncology. Despite increasing supporting evidence of its importance, no pan-cancer analysis, across multiple databases, is available for in-depth data mining of the gene. METHODS Tumor data from both The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were explored to investigate the potential oncogenic roles of KPNA2. Diverse analytical methods were used to gain a full-scale understanding of KPNA2: gene expression, survival situations, genetic mutations, DNA methylation, sites of protein phosphorylation, immunocyte infiltration, and correlative cellular pathways. RESULTS KPNA2 is highly expressed in many cancers, and different correlations exist between KPNA2 expression and prognosis of cancer patients. cBioPortal reported that a nonsense mutation of R285* was considered to be the primary tumorigenic genetic alteration to KPNA2 and was found in cases of LUSC, STAD, and CESC. Enhanced phosphorylation of S62 was found in several cancers and the level of infiltration of cancer-associated fibroblasts was found to be linearly correlated with KPNA2 expression levels in ACC, BRCA, MESO, TGCT, THCA, and THYM. Correlations between KPNA2 DNA methylation and the pathogenesis of various tumors in TCGA were further identified. KEGG and GO enrichment analysis identified cell cycle, microtubule binding, and tubulin binding functions for KPNA2. CONCLUSION This is the first pan-cancer analysis focusing on KPNA2. It provides a comprehensive understanding about the role of KPNA2 in tumorigenesis and highlights the potential targeted role of KPNA2 for cancer study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Xinqiao Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Department of the Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The Affiliated Southwest Hospital of Army Medical University, China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Xinqiao Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Amy Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Xinqiao Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Xinqiao Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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30
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Importins: Diverse roles in male fertility. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 121:82-98. [PMID: 34426066 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Regulated nucleocytoplasmic transport is central to the changes in gene expression that underpin cellular development and homeostasis, including in the testis, and proteins in the importin family are the predominant facilitators of cargo transport through the nuclear envelope. Reports documenting cell-specific profiles of importin transcripts and proteins during spermatogenesis led us to hypothesize that importins facilitate developmental switches in the testis. More recently, importins have been shown to serve additional functions, both inside and outside the nucleus; these include acting as subcellular scaffolding, mediating cellular stress responses, and controlling transcription. This paper seeks to provide an overview and update on the functions of importin proteins, with a focus on testis development and spermatogenesis. We present an extended survey of importins by combining published single cell RNAseq data with immunohistochemistry on developing and adult mouse testes. This approach reinforces and broadens knowledge of importins in biological processes, including in spermatogenesis and during testis development, revealing additional avenues for impactful investigations.
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31
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KPNB1 Inhibitor Importazole Reduces Ionizing Radiation-Increased Cell Surface PD-L1 Expression by Modulating Expression and Nuclear Import of IRF1. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 43:153-162. [PMID: 34069326 PMCID: PMC8929148 DOI: 10.3390/cimb43010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is an immune checkpoint molecule that negatively regulates anti-tumor immunity. Recent reports indicate that anti-cancer treatments, such as radiation therapy, increase PD-L1 expression on the surface of tumor cells. We previously reported that the nuclear transport receptor karyopherin-β1 (KPNB1) is involved in radiation-increased PD-L1 expression on head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma cells. However, the mechanisms underlying KPNB1-mediated, radiation-increased PD-L1 expression remain unknown. Thus, the mechanisms of radiation-increased, KPNB1-mediated PD-L1 expression were investigated by focusing on the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1), which is reported to regulate PD-L1 expression. Western blot analysis showed that radiation increased IRF1 expression. In addition, flow cytometry showed that IRF1 knockdown decreased cell surface PD-L1 expression of irradiated cells but had a limited effect on non-irradiated cells. These findings suggest that the upregulation of IRF1 after irradiation is required for radiation-increased PD-L1 expression. Notably, immunofluorescence and western blot analyses revealed that KPNB1 inhibitor importazole not only diffused nuclear localization of IRF1 but also decreased IRF1 upregulation by irradiation, which attenuated radiation-increased PD-L1 expression. Taken together, these findings suggest that KPNB1 mediates radiation-increased cell surface PD-L1 expression through both upregulation and nuclear import of IRF1.
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KPNA2 interaction with CBX8 contributes to the development and progression of bladder cancer by mediating the PRDM1/c-FOS pathway. J Transl Med 2021; 19:112. [PMID: 33731128 PMCID: PMC7972191 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02709-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bladder cancer (BCa) is a common malignancy characterized by high heterogeneity, yet the current treatment modalities are limited. The aim of the present investigation was to unravel the functional role of Karyopherin alpha 2 (KPNA2), a tumor facilitator identified in multiple malignancies, in the progression of BCa. METHODS BCa tissues and adjacent normal tissues were surgically resected and analyzed from patients with BCa to determine the expression profile of KPNA2 and Chromobox 8 (CBX8) by RT-qPCR, Western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry. The relationship among KPNA2, CBX8 and PR domain zinc finger protein 1 (PRDM1) was explored by co-immunoprecipitation and chromatin-immunoprecipitation. The functions of KPNA2, CBX8 and PRDM1 on BCa cell proliferation, migration and invasion were evaluated. Next, a nude mouse model of BCa was established for validating the roles of KPNA2, CBX8 and PRDM1 in vivo. RESULTS KPNA2 and CBX8 were highly expressed in BCa and are in association with dismal oncologic outcomes of patients with BCa. KPNA2 promoted nuclear import of CBX8. CBX8 downregulated PRDM1 by recruiting BCOR in the promoter region of PRDM1. Overexpression of KPNA2 promoted the malignant behaviors of BCa cells, which was counteracted by silencing of CBX8. Overexpressing PRDM1 attenuated the progression of BCa by inhibiting c-FOS expression. The tumor-promoting effects of KPNA2 via the PRDM1/c-FOS pathway were also validated in vivo. CONCLUSION Collectively, our findings attached great importance to the interplay between KPNA2 and CBX8 in BCa in mediating the development and progression of BCa, thus offering a promising candidate target for better BCa patient management.
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Yang K, Wu Y. A prognosis-related molecular subtype for early-stage non-small lung cell carcinoma by multi-omics integration analysis. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:128. [PMID: 33549049 PMCID: PMC7866742 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-07846-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early-stage non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) accounts for more than 80% of lung cancer, which is a kind of cancer with high heterogeneity, so the genetic heterogeneity and molecular subtype should be explored. Methods Partitioning Around Medoid algorithm was used to acquire the molecular subtype for early-stage NSCLC based on prognosis-related mRNAs and methylation sites. Random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM) were used to build prediction models for subtypes. Results Six prognosis-related subtypes for early-stage NSCLC, including 4 subtypes for lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and 2 subtypes for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), were identified. There were highly expressed and hypermethylated gene regions for LUSC-C1 and LUAD-C2, highly expressed region for LUAD-C1, and hypermethylated regions for LUSC-C3 and LUSC-C4. Molecular subtypes for LUSC were mainly determined by DNA methylation (14 mRNAs and 362 methylation sites). Molecular subtypes for LUAD were determined by both mRNA and DNA methylation information (143 mRNAs and 458 methylation sites). Ten methylation sites were selected as biomarkers for prediction of LUSC-C1 and LUSC-C3, respectively. Nine genes and 1 methylation site were selected as biomarkers for LUAD subtype prediction. These subtypes can be predicted by the selected biomarkers with RF and SVM models. Conclusions In conclusion, we proposed a prognosis-related molecular subtype for early-stage NSCLC, which can provide important information for personalized therapy of patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-07846-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital (the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; the First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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He J, Yang L, Chang P, Yang S, Lin S, Tang Q, Wang X, Zhang YJ. Zika virus NS2A protein induces the degradation of KPNA2 (karyopherin subunit alpha 2) via chaperone-mediated autophagy. Autophagy 2020; 16:2238-2251. [PMID: 32924767 PMCID: PMC7751636 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2020.1823122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
KPNA2/importin-alpha1 (karyopherin subunit alpha 2) is the primary nucleocytoplasmic transporter for some transcription factors to activate cellular proliferation and differentiation. Aberrant increase of KPNA2 level is identified as a prognostic marker in a variety of cancers. Yet, the turnover mechanism of KPNA2 remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that KPNA2 is degraded via the chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) and that Zika virus (ZIKV) enhances the KPNA2 degradation. KPNA2 contains a CMA motif, which possesses an indispensable residue Gln109 for the CMA-mediated degradation. RNAi-mediated knockdown of LAMP2A, a vital component of the CMA pathway, led to a higher level of KPNA2. Moreover, ZIKV reduced KPNA2 via the viral NS2A protein, which contains an essential residue Thr100 for inducing the CMA-mediated KPNA2 degradation. Notably, mutant ZIKV with T100A alteration in NS2A replicates much weaker than the wild-type virus. Also, knockdown of KPNA2 led to a higher ZIKV viral yield, which indicates that KPNA2 mediates certain antiviral effects. These data provide insights into the KPNA2 turnover and the ZIKV-cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China,Molecular Virology Laboratory, VA-MD College of Veterinary Medicine and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Liping Yang
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, VA-MD College of Veterinary Medicine and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Peixi Chang
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, VA-MD College of Veterinary Medicine and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Shixing Yang
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, VA-MD College of Veterinary Medicine and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA,CONTACT Xinping Wang
| | - Shaoli Lin
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, VA-MD College of Veterinary Medicine and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Qiyi Tang
- Department of Microbiology, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington DC, USA
| | - Xinping Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Jilin, China,Yan-Jin Zhang
Present address of Shixing Yang is School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yan-Jin Zhang
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, VA-MD College of Veterinary Medicine and Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA,Yan-Jin Zhang
Present address of Shixing Yang is School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Jiangsu, China.
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35
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Jiang L, Liu J, Wei Q, Wang Y. KPNA2 expression is a potential marker for differential diagnosis between osteosarcomas and other malignant bone tumor mimics. Diagn Pathol 2020; 15:135. [PMID: 33176814 PMCID: PMC7661224 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-020-01051-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Karyopherin α2 (KPNA2), a member of the karyopherin α family, has been studied in several cancers but has not yet been substantially investigated in malignant bone tumors. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the KPNA2 expression level and its utility as a novel diagnostic biomarker in osteosarcomas and malignant bone tumor mimics, such as chondrosarcomas and Ewing sarcomas (ESs). Method We investigated the expression of KPNA2 protein by immunohistochemistry on paraffin-embedded surgical specimens from 223 patients with malignant and benign bone tumors, including 81 osteosarcomas, 42 chondrosarcomas, 15 ESs, 28 osteoid osteomas, 20 osteochondromas and 37 chondroblastomas. Immunoreactivity was scored semiquantitatively based on staining extent and intensity. Results Sixty-seven of 81 (82.7%) osteosarcoma, zero of 42 (0%) chondrosarcoma and one of 15 (6.7%) ES samples showed immunoreactivity for KPNA2. Negative KPNA2 expression was observed in all benign bone tumors. The expression of KPNA2 in osteosarcoma samples was much higher than that in chondrosarcoma and ES samples (P < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of KPNA2 immunoexpression for detecting osteosarcoma were 82.7 and 100%, respectively. Several subtypes of osteosarcoma were analyzed, and immunostaining of KPNA2 was frequent in osteoblastic samples (90.9%), with 39 samples (70.9%) showing strong-intensity staining. KPNA2 positivity was observed in ten of 13 (76.9%) chondroblastic, two of 6 (33.3%) fibroblastic, three of 4 (75%) telangiectatic and two of 3 (66.7%) giant cell-rich osteosarcoma samples. The strongest intensity staining was observed in osteoblastic osteosarcoma. Conclusion KPNA2 is frequently expressed in osteosarcomas, particularly in osteoblastic and chondroblastic tumors, but is rarely positive in chondrosarcomas and ESs. This feature may aid in distinguishing between osteosarcoma and other bone sarcoma mimics. This report supports KPNA2 as a novel marker for the diagnosis of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucen Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianghuan Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingzhu Wei
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yiyang Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China.
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36
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Kumar N, Mishra B, Mehmood A, Mohammad Athar, M Shahid Mukhtar. Integrative Network Biology Framework Elucidates Molecular Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 Pathogenesis. iScience 2020; 23:101526. [PMID: 32895641 PMCID: PMC7468341 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) is a respiratory illness caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although the pathophysiology of this virus is complex and largely unknown, we employed a network-biology-fueled approach and integrated transcriptome data pertaining to lung epithelial cells with human interactome to generate Calu-3-specific human-SARS-CoV-2 interactome (CSI). Topological clustering and pathway enrichment analysis show that SARS-CoV-2 targets central nodes of the host-viral network, which participate in core functional pathways. Network centrality analyses discover 33 high-value SARS-CoV-2 targets, which are possibly involved in viral entry, proliferation, and survival to establish infection and facilitate disease progression. Our probabilistic modeling framework elucidates critical regulatory circuitry and molecular events pertinent to COVID-19, particularly the host-modifying responses and cytokine storm. Overall, our network-centric analyses reveal novel molecular components, uncover structural and functional modules, and provide molecular insights into the pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 that may help foster effective therapeutic design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Kumar
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 464 Campbell Hall, 1300 University Boulevard, AL 35294, USA
| | - Bharat Mishra
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 464 Campbell Hall, 1300 University Boulevard, AL 35294, USA
| | - Adeel Mehmood
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 464 Campbell Hall, 1300 University Boulevard, AL 35294, USA.,Department of Computer Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1402 10th Avenue S., Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Mohammad Athar
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 University Boulevard, AL 35294, USA
| | - M Shahid Mukhtar
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 464 Campbell Hall, 1300 University Boulevard, AL 35294, USA.,Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1675 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1808 7th Avenue S, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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37
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Thiele S, Stanelle-Bertram S, Beck S, Kouassi NM, Zickler M, Müller M, Tuku B, Resa-Infante P, van Riel D, Alawi M, Günther T, Rother F, Hügel S, Reimering S, McHardy A, Grundhoff A, Brune W, Osterhaus A, Bader M, Hartmann E, Gabriel G. Cellular Importin-α3 Expression Dynamics in the Lung Regulate Antiviral Response Pathways against Influenza A Virus Infection. Cell Rep 2020; 31:107549. [PMID: 32320654 PMCID: PMC7172908 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Importin-α adaptor proteins orchestrate dynamic nuclear transport processes involved in cellular homeostasis. Here, we show that importin-α3, one of the main NF-κB transporters, is the most abundantly expressed classical nuclear transport factor in the mammalian respiratory tract. Importin-α3 promoter activity is regulated by TNF-α-induced NF-κB in a concentration-dependent manner. High-level TNF-α-inducing highly pathogenic avian influenza A viruses (HPAIVs) isolated from fatal human cases harboring human-type polymerase signatures (PB2 627K, 701N) significantly downregulate importin-α3 mRNA expression in primary lung cells. Importin-α3 depletion is restored upon back-mutating the HPAIV polymerase into an avian-type signature (PB2 627E, 701D) that can no longer induce high TNF-α levels. Importin-α3-deficient mice show reduced NF-κB-activated antiviral gene expression and increased influenza lethality. Thus, importin-α3 plays a key role in antiviral immunity against influenza. Lifting the bottleneck in importin-α3 availability in the lung might provide a new strategy to combat respiratory virus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swantje Thiele
- Viral Zoonosis - One Health, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Stanelle-Bertram
- Viral Zoonosis - One Health, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Beck
- Viral Zoonosis - One Health, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nancy Mounogou Kouassi
- Viral Zoonosis - One Health, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Zickler
- Viral Zoonosis - One Health, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Müller
- Viral Zoonosis - One Health, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Berfin Tuku
- Viral Zoonosis - One Health, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patricia Resa-Infante
- Viral Zoonosis - One Health, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Debby van Riel
- Viral Zoonosis - One Health, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Malik Alawi
- Bioinformatics Service Facility, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Virus Genomics, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Günther
- Virus Genomics, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Rother
- Molecular Biology of Peptide Hormones, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Institute for Biology, Center for Structural and Cellular Biology in Medicine, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Stefanie Hügel
- Molecular Biology of Peptide Hormones, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Susanne Reimering
- Computational Biology of Infection Research, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Alice McHardy
- Computational Biology of Infection Research, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Adam Grundhoff
- Virus Genomics, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wolfram Brune
- Virus-Host Interaction, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Albert Osterhaus
- Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonoses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michael Bader
- Molecular Biology of Peptide Hormones, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany; Institute for Biology, Center for Structural and Cellular Biology in Medicine, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany; Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Enno Hartmann
- Institute for Biology, Center for Structural and Cellular Biology in Medicine, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Gülsah Gabriel
- Viral Zoonosis - One Health, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Virology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany.
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38
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Karyopherin α 2 promotes proliferation, migration and invasion through activating NF-κB/p65 signaling pathways in melanoma cells. Life Sci 2020; 252:117611. [PMID: 32243925 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Melanoma is a fatal malignancy. Karyopherin α 2 (KPNA2) plays an important role in many carcinogenesis. This study was aimed to study the role of KPNA2 in cellular functions and molecular mechanisms of melanoma. MAIN METHODS We investigated the expression and prognosis of KPNA2 in melanoma using the GEPIA database (http://gepia.cancer-pku.cn/). The effect of KPNA2 on melanoma cells was determined using real-time PCR, western blot, immunofluorescence assay, CCK-8, colony formation, wound healing assay, transwell assay, EMSA, and immunohistochemistry. The influence of KPNA2 on the tumorigenicity of melanoma cells was evaluated in a nude mice model in vivo. KEY FINDINGS Our results showed that KPNA2 expression is relatively high in melanoma tissues and cells, and melanoma patients with higher expression of KPNA2 had lower overall survival rate and disease free survival rate. KPNA2 promoted proliferation ability and increased the expression of PCNA, Ki67, and C-MYC in melanoma cells. Further, KPNA2 could promote migration and invasion and increase the expression of MMP2 and MMP9. Mechanism studies showed that KPNA2 activated NF-κB/p65 signaling pathways, as evidenced by the nuclear translocation of p65 and increased the expression of COX-2, ICAM-1, iNOS, and MCP1 in melanoma cells. NF-κB inhibitor JSH-23 could reverse the pro-tumor effects of KPNA2 on melanoma cells. Moreover, upregulation of KPNA2 facilitated the tumorigenicity of melanoma cells. SIGNIFICANCE KPNA2 promotes proliferation, migration and invasion through enhancing NF-κB/p65 signaling pathways in melanoma cells. Our study suggests KPNA2 as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of melanoma.
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Identification of hub genes in hepatocellular carcinoma using integrated bioinformatic analysis. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:5439-5468. [PMID: 32213663 PMCID: PMC7138582 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression remain largely undefined. Here, we identified 176 commonly upregulated genes in HCC tissues based on three Gene Expression Omnibus datasets and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort. We integrated survival and methylation analyses to further obtain 12 upregulated genes for validation. These genes were overexpressed in HCC tissues at the transcription and protein levels, and increased mRNA levels were related to higher tumor grades and cancer stages. The expression of all markers was negatively associated with overall and disease-free survival in HCC patients. Most of these hub genes can promote HCC proliferation and/or metastasis. These 12 hub genes were also overexpressed and had strong prognostic value in many other cancer types. Methylation and gene copy number analyses indicated that the upregulation of these hub genes was probably due to hypomethylation or increased gene copy numbers. Further, the methylation levels of three genes, KPNA2, MCM3, and LRRC1, were associated with HCC clinical features. Moreover, the levels of most hub genes were related to immune cell infiltration in HCC microenvironments. Finally, we identified three upregulated genes (KPNA2, TARBP1, and RNASEH2A) that could comprehensively and accurately provide diagnostic and prognostic value for HCC patients.
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40
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Tachita T, Kinoshita S, Ri M, Aoki S, Asano A, Kanamori T, Yoshida T, Totani H, Ito A, Kusumoto S, Komatsu H, Yamagata K, Kubo K, Tohkin M, Fukuda S, Iida S. Expression, mutation, and methylation of cereblon-pathway genes at pre- and post-lenalidomide treatment in multiple myeloma. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:1333-1343. [PMID: 32061138 PMCID: PMC7156787 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cereblon (CRBN) is a target for immunomodulatory drugs. This study investigated the prognostic value of the expression of CRBN‐pathway genes on the clinical relevance of lenalidomide (Len) treatment and evaluated the levels of CRBN‐binding proteins and mutations in these genes after Len treatment. Forty‐eight primary multiple myeloma cells were collected prior to treatment with Len and dexamethasone (Ld) and 25 paired samples were obtained post‐Ld therapy. These tumor cells were used to determine the expression and mutated forms of the CRBN‐pathway genes. Following normalization with CRBN levels, there was a significantly reduced IKZF1/CRBN ratio in samples that responded poorly to Ld therapy. Moreover, patients with low ratios of IKZF1/CRBN showed a significantly shorter progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) than those with higher ratios. However, patients with high ratios of KPNA2/CRBN showed a significantly shorter PFS and OS than patients with lower ratios. Of the 25 paired samples analyzed, most samples showed a reduction in the expression of CRBN and an increase in IKZF1 gene expression. No mutations were observed in CRBN, IKZF1, or CUL4A genes in the post‐Ld samples. In conclusion, a decreased expression of IKZF1 and increased expression of KPNA2 compared to that of CRBN mRNA predicts poor outcomes of Ld therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuto Tachita
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Shiori Kinoshita
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masaki Ri
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Blood Transfusion and Cell Therapy, Nagoya City University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Sho Aoki
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Arisa Asano
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Kanamori
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Yoshida
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Clinical Oncology, Nagoya Memorial Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Haruhito Totani
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Asahi Ito
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shigeru Kusumoto
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Komatsu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Yamagata
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Kohmei Kubo
- Department of Hematology, Aomori Prefectural Central Hospital, Aomori, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tohkin
- Department of Regulatory Science, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinsaku Fukuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hematology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Iida
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
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41
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MiR-1297 negatively regulates metabolic reprogramming in glioblastoma via repressing KPNA2. Hum Cell 2020; 33:619-629. [PMID: 32124270 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-019-00316-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cell growth is characterized by reprogrammed glucose metabolism and subsequent high rate of glycolysis. The metabolic reprogramming is essential for cell proliferation and drug resistance of cancer cells including glioblastoma (GBM). MicroRNAs play pivotal roles during GBM development. In the present study, we discovered a significant downregulation of miR-1297 in GBM. Decreased miR-1297 expression was associated with prolonged overall survival of patients with glioma. Overexpression of miR-1297 promoted cell proliferation and glycolysis in GBM cells. Bioinformatic analysis (TargetScan and miRanda) indicated that miR-1297 might target 3'UTR of KPNA2, a key regulator of glycolysis in GBM. The regulation was confirmed in a dual-luciferase reporter assay in GBM cells. Furthermore, overexpression of KPNA2 could reverse miR-1297 mimic induced cell growth arrest and inhibition of glycolysis in GBM cells. Finally, a negative correlation between miR-1297 and KPNA2 mRNA levels was observed in GBM tissues. Collectively, the data demonstrated that the abnormal metabolic reprogramming was driven by miR-1297 in GBM and suggested miR-1297 as a tumor suppressor.
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42
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Huang JX, Wu YC, Cheng YY, Wang CL, Yu CJ. IRF1 Negatively Regulates Oncogenic KPNA2 Expression Under Growth Stimulation and Hypoxia in Lung Cancer Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 12:11475-11486. [PMID: 31920336 PMCID: PMC6939401 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s221832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Karyopherin alpha 2 (KPNA2) has been reported as an oncogenic protein in numerous human cancers and is currently considered a potential therapeutic target. However, the transcriptional regulation and physiological conditions underlying KPNA2 expression remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role and regulation of interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF1) in modulating KPNA2 expression in lung adenocarcinoma (ADC). Materials and methods Bioinformatics tools and chromatin immunoprecipitation were used to analyze the transcription factor (TF) binding sites in the KPNA2 promoter region. We searched for a potential role of IRF1 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using Oncomine and Kaplan-Meier Plotter datasets. qRT-PCR was applied to examine the role of IRF1 and signaling involved in regulating KPNA2 transcription. Western blotting was used to determine the effects of extracellular stimulation and intracellular signaling on the modulation of KPNA2-related TF expression. Results IRF1 was identified as a novel TF that suppresses KPNA2 gene expression. We observed that IRF1 expression was lower in cancerous tissues than in normal lung tissues and that its low expression was correlated with poor prognosis in NSCLC. Notably, both ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors reduced KPNA2 expression, which was accompanied by increased expression of IRF1 but decreased expression of E2F1, a TF that promotes KPNA2 expression in lung ADC cells. IRF1 knockdown restored the reduced levels of KPNA2 in ATM inhibitor-treated cells. We further demonstrated that epidermal growth factor (EGF)-activated mTOR and hypoxia-induced ATM suppressed IRF1 expression but promoted E2F1 expression, which in turn upregulated KPNA2 expression in lung ADC cells. Conclusion IRF1 acts as a potential tumor suppressor in NSCLC. EGF and hypoxia promote KPNA2 expression by simultaneously suppressing IRF1 expression and enhancing E2F1 expression in lung ADC cells. Our study provides new insights into targeted therapy for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Xin Huang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Cheng Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Yun Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Liang Wang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary Oncology and Interventional Bronchoscopy, Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Yu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary Oncology and Interventional Bronchoscopy, Department of Thoracic Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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43
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Han Y, Wang X. The emerging roles of KPNA2 in cancer. Life Sci 2019; 241:117140. [PMID: 31812670 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Karyopherin α2 (KPNA2, also known as importinα-1), a member of the nuclear transporter family, is involved in the nucleocytoplasmic transport pathway of a variety of tumor-associated proteins. Recent studies have found that KPNA2 is overexpressed in various cancers, which is associated with poor prognosis. In addition, it has been shown to promote tumor formation and progression by participating in cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, immune response, and viral infection. It is indicated that KPNA2 also plays an important role in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of tumors. Herein, we provide an overview of the function and mechanism of KPNA2 in cancer and the prospects in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. In the future, KPNA2 provides new ideas for the early diagnosis of malignant tumors, the development of molecularly targeted drugs, and prognosis evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Han
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Lymphoma, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Key Laboratory for Kidney Regeneration of Shandong Province, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China.
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Leo R, Therachiyil L, Siveen SK, Uddin S, Kulinski M, Buddenkotte J, Steinhoff M, Krishnankutty AR. Protein Expression Profiling Identifies Key Proteins and Pathways Involved in Growth Inhibitory Effects Exerted by Guggulsterone in Human Colorectal Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1478. [PMID: 31581454 PMCID: PMC6826505 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading killer cancer worldwide and one of the most common malignancies with increasing incidences of mortality. Guggulsterone (GS) is a plant sterol used for treatment of various ailments such as obesity, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and arthritis. In the current study, anti-cancer effects of GS in human colorectal cancer cell line HCT 116 was tested, potential targets identified using mass spectrometry-based label-free shotgun proteomics approach and key pathways validated by proteome profiler antibody arrays. Comprehensive proteomic profiling identified 14 proteins as significantly dysregulated. Proteins involved in cell proliferation/migration, tumorigenesis, cell growth, metabolism, and DNA replication were downregulated while the protein with functional role in exocytosis/tumor suppression was found to be upregulated. Our study evidenced that GS treatment altered expression of Bcl-2 mediated the mitochondrial release of cytochrome c which triggered the formation of apoptosome as well as activation of caspase-3/7 leading to death of HCT 116 cells via intrinsic apoptosis pathway. GS treatment also induced expression of p53 protein while p21 expression was unaltered with no cell cycle arrest. In addition, GS was found to inhibit NF-kB signaling in colon cancer cells by quelling the expression of its regulated gene products Bcl-2, cIAP-1, and survivin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rari Leo
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar.
| | - Lubna Therachiyil
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
| | - Sivaraman K Siveen
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar.
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar.
| | - Michal Kulinski
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar.
| | - Joerg Buddenkotte
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar.
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar.
| | - Martin Steinhoff
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar.
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar.
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Qatar Foundation-Education City, Doha 24144, Qatar.
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.
- College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
| | - And Roopesh Krishnankutty
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha 3050, Qatar.
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Song KH, Jung SY, Park JI, Ahn J, Park JK, Um HD, Park IC, Hwang SG, Ha H, Song JY. Inhibition of Karyopherin-α2 Augments Radiation-Induced Cell Death by Perturbing BRCA1-Mediated DNA Repair. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112843. [PMID: 31212646 PMCID: PMC6600173 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) has been widely used in the treatment of cancer. Radiation-induced DNA damage triggers the DNA damage response (DDR), which can confer radioresistance and early local recurrence by activating DNA repair pathways. Since karyopherin-α2 (KPNA2), playing an important role in nucleocytoplasmic transport, was significantly increased by IR in our previous study, we aimed to determine the function of KPNA2 with regard to DDR. Exposure to radiation upregulated KPNA2 expression in human colorectal cancer HT29 and HCT116 cells and breast carcinoma MDA-MB-231 cells together with the increased expression of DNA repair protein BRCA1. The knockdown of KPNA2 effectively increased apoptotic cell death via inhibition of BRCA1 nuclear import following IR. Therefore, we propose that KPNA2 is a potential target for overcoming radioresistance via interruption to DDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Hee Song
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea.
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Seung-Youn Jung
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea.
| | - Jeong-In Park
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea.
| | - Jiyeon Ahn
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea.
| | - Jong Kuk Park
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea.
| | - Hong-Duck Um
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea.
| | - In-Chul Park
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea.
| | - Sang-Gu Hwang
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea.
| | - Hunjoo Ha
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Jie-Young Song
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea.
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Wang P, Zhao Y, Liu K, Liu X, Liang J, Zhou H, Wang Z, Zhou Z, Xu N. Wip1 cooperates with KPNA2 to modulate the cell proliferation and migration of colorectal cancer via a p53-dependent manner. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:15709-15718. [PMID: 31127650 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Due to the increasing incidence and mortality, the early diagnosis, specific targeted therapies, and prognosis for colorectal cancer (CRC) attract more and more attention. Wild-type p53-induced phosphatase 1 (Wip1) and karyopherin α2 (KPNA2) have been regarded as oncogenes in many cancers, including CRC. Wip1 dephosphorylates p53 to inactivate it. TP53 activator and Wip1 inhibitor downregulate KPNA2 expression. Therefore, we speculate that Wip1 may co-operate with KPNA2 to modulate CRC progression in a p53-dependent manner. Here, Wip1 and KPNA2 messenger RNA expression and protein levels are significantly increased in CRC tissues and cell lines and are positively correlated with each other. Wip1 silence increases p53 phosphorylation while decreases KPNA2 protein. Wip1 knockdown remarkably suppresses CRC cell proliferation and migration while KPNA2 overexpression exerts an opposing effect. KPNA2 overexpression could partially rescue Wip1 silence-inhibited CRC cell proliferation and migration. Finally, Wip1 interacts with KPNA2 to modulate the activation of AKT/GSK-3β signaling and metastasis-related factors. In summary, Wip1 could co-operate with KPNA2 to modulate CRC cell proliferation and migration, possibly via a p53-dependent manner, through downstream AKT/GSK-3β pathway. We provided a novel mechanism of Wip1 interacting with KPNA2, therefore modulating CRC cell proliferation and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yahui Zhao
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kuijie Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xianghe Liu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jianwei Liang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haitao Zhou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhixiang Zhou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ningzhi Xu
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology & State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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47
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Zan Y, Wang B, Liang L, Deng Y, Tian T, Dai Z, Dong L. MicroRNA-139 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth through down-regulating karyopherin alpha 2. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:182. [PMID: 31046781 PMCID: PMC6498602 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1175-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNA-139-5p (miR-139) has been shown to play important roles in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. However, the exact mechanism of miR-139 in HCC remains largely unknown. METHODS We investigated the function in human cell lines and patient tissue samples by experimental techniques in molecular biology including Co-IP assay, cell viability assay, quantitative real-time-PCR, et al. In addition, datasets were used to verify the results by database analysis. Statistical analysis was performed by using the GraphPad Prism 6 (GraphPad Software Inc., USA). A P value < 0.05 was defined as statistically significant. RESULTS In this study, we found that miR-139 was significantly down-regulated in HCC. MiR-139 level was negatively associated with the stage of HCC, and HCC patients with higher miR-139 level had longer overall survival (OS) than these having lower miR-139 expression. Overexpression of miR-139 led to reduced cell viability, elevated apoptosis, and decreased colony forming, migratory and invasive capacities in HCC cells, while down-regulation of miR-139 led to opposite phenotypes. MiR-139 also inhibited HCC growth in a xenograft mouse model. We identified karyopherin alpha 2 (KPNA2) as a direct target of miR-139. KPNA2 is up-regulated in HCC and higher KPNA2 level is associated with poor patient prognosis. Silencing of KPNA2 expression led to similar phenotypic changes as miR-139 overexpression. Restoration of KPNA2 attenuated the suppressive effects of miR-139 overexpression on cell viability, apoptosis, colony formation, migration and invasion. In addition, miR-139 overexpression and KPNA2 depletion led to decreased nucleus level of POU class 5 homeobox 1 (POU5F1) and c-myc, two well-known pro-oncogenes. CONCLUSION In together, these data revealed the essential roles of the miR-139/KPNA2 axis in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zan
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Baofeng Wang
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Liang Liang
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Yujiao Deng
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China.
| | - Lei Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China.
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48
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Guo X, Wang Z, Zhang J, Xu Q, Hou G, Yang Y, Dong C, Liu G, Liang C, Liu L, Zhou W, Liu H. Upregulated KPNA2 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression and indicates prognostic significance across human cancer types. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2019; 51:285-292. [PMID: 30883648 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmz003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most aggressive cancers worldwide. Identification of the molecular mechanisms underlying the development and progression of HCC is particularly important. Here, we demonstrated the expression pattern, clinical significance, and function of Karyopherin α2 (KPNA2) in HCC. The expression of KPNA2 was upregulated in tumor tissue and negatively associated with the survival time, and a significant correlation between KPNA2 expression and aggressive clinical characteristics was established. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that knockdown of KPNA2 reduced migration and proliferation capacities of HCC cells, while over-expression of KPNA2 increased these malignant characteristics. The analysis of the Cancer Genome Atlas cohorts also reveals that high-KPNA2 expression is associated with poor outcome in multiple cancer types. In addition, gene sets enrichment analysis exhibited cell cycle and DNA replication as the top altered pathways in the high-KPNA2 expression group in HCC and other two cancer types. Overall, this study identified KPNA2 as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in HCC and other neoplasms, probably by regulating cell cycle and DNA replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinggang Guo
- Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiheng Wang
- Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianing Zhang
- Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingguo Xu
- Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Guojun Hou
- Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanpeng Dong
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenhua Liang
- Division of Scientific Research, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiping Zhou
- Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Shanghai Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Brownlee C, Heald R. Importin α Partitioning to the Plasma Membrane Regulates Intracellular Scaling. Cell 2019; 176:805-815.e8. [PMID: 30639102 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Early embryogenesis is accompanied by reductive cell divisions requiring that subcellular structures adapt to a range of cell sizes. The interphase nucleus and mitotic spindle scale with cell size through both physical and biochemical mechanisms, but control systems that coordinately scale intracellular structures are unknown. We show that the nuclear transport receptor importin α is modified by palmitoylation, which targets it to the plasma membrane and modulates its binding to nuclear localization signal (NLS)-containing proteins that regulate nuclear and spindle size in Xenopus egg extracts. Reconstitution of importin α targeting to the outer boundary of extract droplets mimicking cell-like compartments recapitulated scaling relationships observed during embryogenesis, which were altered by inhibitors that shift levels of importin α palmitoylation. Modulation of importin α palmitoylation in human cells similarly affected nuclear and spindle size. These experiments identify importin α as a conserved surface area-to-volume sensor that scales intracellular structures to cell size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Brownlee
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Rebecca Heald
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
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Okano S, Yasui A, Kanno SI, Satoh K, Igarashi M, Nakajima O. Karyopherin Alpha 2-Expressing Pancreatic Duct Glands and Intra-Islet Ducts in Aged Diabetic C414A-Mutant-CRY1 Transgenic Mice. J Diabetes Res 2019; 2019:7234549. [PMID: 31179341 PMCID: PMC6507265 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7234549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Our earlier studies demonstrated that cysteine414- (zinc-binding site of mCRY1-) alanine mutant mCRY1 transgenic mice (Tg mice) exhibit diabetes characterized by the reduction of β-cell proliferation and by β-cell dysfunction, presumably caused by senescence-associated secretory phenotype- (SASP-) like characters of islets. Earlier studies also showed that atypical duct-like structures in the pancreas developed age-dependently in Tg mice. Numerous reports have described that karyopherin alpha 2 (KPNA2) is highly expressed in cancers of different kinds. However, details of the expression of KPNA2 in pancreatic ductal atypia and in normal pancreatic tissues remain unclear. To assess the feature of the expression of KPNA2 in the development of the ductal atypia and islet architectures, we scrutinized the pancreas of Tg mice histopathologically. Results showed that considerable expression of KPNA2 was observed in pancreatic β-cells, suggesting its importance in maintaining the functions of β-cells. In mature stages, the level of KPNA2 expression was lower in islets of Tg mice than in wild-type controls. At 4 weeks, the expression levels of KPNA2 in islets of Tg mice were the same as those in wild-type controls. These results suggest that the reduction of KPNA2 might contribute to β-cell dysfunction in mature Tg mice. Additionally, the formation of mucin-producing intra-islet ducts, islet fibrosis, and massive T cell recruitment to the islet occurred in aged Tg mice. In exocrine areas, primary pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias (PanINs) with mucinous pancreatic duct glands (PDGs) emerged in aged Tg mice. High expression of KPNA2 was observed in the ductal atypia. By contrast, KPNA2 expression in normal ducts was quite low. Thus, upregulation of KPNA2 seemed to be correlated with progression of the degree of atypia in pancreatic ductal cells. The SASP-like microenvironment inside islets might play stimulatory roles in the formation of ductal metaplasia inside islets and in islet fibrosis in Tg mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Okano
- Research Center for Molecular Genetics, Institute for Promotion of Medical Science Research, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
- Department of Functional Genomics, Innovative Medical Science Research, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Akira Yasui
- Division of Dynamic Proteome in Cancer and Aging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Shin-ichiro Kanno
- Division of Dynamic Proteome in Cancer and Aging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kennichi Satoh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai 983-8512, Japan
| | - Masahiko Igarashi
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Yamagata City Hospital Saiseikan, Yamagata 990-8533, Japan
| | - Osamu Nakajima
- Research Center for Molecular Genetics, Institute for Promotion of Medical Science Research, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
- Department of Functional Genomics, Innovative Medical Science Research, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
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