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Qian C, Wang Q, Qiao Y, Xu Z, Zhang L, Xiao H, Lin Z, Wu M, Xia W, Yang H, Bai J, Geng D. Arachidonic acid in aging: New roles for old players. J Adv Res 2024:S2090-1232(24)00180-2. [PMID: 38710468 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2024.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arachidonic acid (AA), one of the most ubiquitous polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), provides fluidity to mammalian cell membranes. It is derived from linoleic acid (LA) and can be transformed into various bioactive metabolites, including prostaglandins (PGs), thromboxanes (TXs), lipoxins (LXs), hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs), leukotrienes (LTs), and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), by different pathways. All these processes are involved in AA metabolism. Currently, in the context of an increasingly visible aging world population, several scholars have revealed the essential role of AA metabolism in osteoporosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and many other aging diseases. AIM OF REVIEW Although there are some reviews describing the role of AA in some specific diseases, there seems to be no or little information on the role of AA metabolism in aging tissues or organs. This review scrutinizes and highlights the role of AA metabolism in aging and provides a new idea for strategies for treating aging-related diseases. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW As a member of lipid metabolism, AA metabolism regulates the important lipids that interfere with the aging in several ways. We present a comprehensivereviewofthe role ofAA metabolism in aging, with the aim of relieving the extreme suffering of families and the heavy economic burden on society caused by age-related diseases. We also collected and summarized data on anti-aging therapies associated with AA metabolism, with the expectation of identifying a novel and efficient way to protect against aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Qian
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Yusen Qiao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Ze Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, Anhui 230031, PR China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, Anhui 230031, PR China
| | - Haixiang Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Zhixiang Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Mingzhou Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Wenyu Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China.
| | - Jiaxiang Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, 17 Lujiang Road, Hefei, Anhui 230031, PR China.
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, PR China.
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Le TQ, Meesiripan N, Sanggrajang S, Suwanpidokkul N, Prayakprom P, Bodhibukkana C, Khaowroongrueng V, Suriyachan K, Thanasitthichai S, Srisubat A, Surawongsin P, Rungsipipat A, Sakarin S, Rattanapinyopituk K. Anti-proliferative and apoptotic effect of cannabinoids on human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma xenograft in BALB/c nude mice model. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6515. [PMID: 38499634 PMCID: PMC10948389 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55307-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly malignant and lethal tumor of the exocrine pancreas. Cannabinoids extracted from the hemp plant Cannabis sativa have been suggested as a potential therapeutic agent in several human tumors. However, the anti-tumor effect of cannabinoids on human PDAC is not entirely clarified. In this study, the anti-proliferative and apoptotic effect of cannabinoid solution (THC:CBD at 1:6) at a dose of 1, 5, and 10 mg/kg body weight compared to the negative control (sesame oil) and positive control (5-fluorouracil) was investigated in human PDAC xenograft nude mice model. The findings showed that cannabinoids significantly decreased the mitotic cells and mitotic/apoptotic ratio, meanwhile dramatically increased the apoptotic cells. Parallelly, cannabinoids significantly downregulated Ki-67 and PCNA expression levels. Interestingly, cannabinoids upregulated BAX, BAX/BCL-2 ratio, and Caspase-3, meanwhile, downregulated BCL-2 expression level and could not change Caspase-8 expression level. These findings suggest that cannabinoid solution (THC:CBD at 1:6) could inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis in human PDAC xenograft models. Cannabinoids, including THC:CBD, should be further studied for use as the potent PDCA therapeutic agent in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trung Quang Le
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Center of Excellent for Companion Animal Cancer-(CECAC), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- The International Graduate Program of Veterinary Science and Technology (VST), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture, Can Tho University, Can Tho, 94000, Vietnam
| | - Nuntana Meesiripan
- Division of Research and Academic Support, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Suleeporn Sanggrajang
- Division of Research and Academic Support, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | | | | | | | | | - Kankanit Suriyachan
- Institute of Medical Research and Technology Assessment, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, 11000, Thailand
| | - Somchai Thanasitthichai
- Institute of Medical Research and Technology Assessment, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, 11000, Thailand
| | - Attasit Srisubat
- Division of Medical Technical and Academic Affairs, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, 11000, Thailand
| | - Pattamaporn Surawongsin
- Research and Technology Assessment Department, Ophthalmology Department, Lerdsin Hospital, Bangkok, 10500, Thailand
| | - Anudep Rungsipipat
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Center of Excellent for Companion Animal Cancer-(CECAC), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Siriwan Sakarin
- Division of Research and Academic Support, National Cancer Institute, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
| | - Kasem Rattanapinyopituk
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Center of Excellent for Companion Animal Cancer-(CECAC), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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Fakhri S, Moradi SZ, Faraji F, Kooshki L, Webber K, Bishayee A. Modulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 signaling pathways in cancer angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis by natural compounds: a comprehensive and critical review. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:501-574. [PMID: 37792223 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10136-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cells employ multiple signaling mediators to escape the hypoxic condition and trigger angiogenesis and metastasis. As a critical orchestrate of tumorigenic conditions, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is responsible for stimulating several target genes and dysregulated pathways in tumor invasion and migration. Therefore, targeting HIF-1 pathway and cross-talked mediators seems to be a novel strategy in cancer prevention and treatment. In recent decades, tremendous efforts have been made to develop multi-targeted therapies to modulate several dysregulated pathways in cancer angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. In this line, natural compounds have shown a bright future in combating angiogenic and metastatic conditions. Among the natural secondary metabolites, we have evaluated the critical potential of phenolic compounds, terpenes/terpenoids, alkaloids, sulfur compounds, marine- and microbe-derived agents in the attenuation of HIF-1, and interconnected pathways in fighting tumor-associated angiogenesis and invasion. This is the first comprehensive review on natural constituents as potential regulators of HIF-1 and interconnected pathways against cancer angiogenesis and metastasis. This review aims to reshape the previous strategies in cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
| | - Seyed Zachariah Moradi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6734667149, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Faraji
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Leila Kooshki
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, 6714415153, Iran
| | - Kassidy Webber
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, 5000 Lakewood Ranch Boulevard, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, 5000 Lakewood Ranch Boulevard, Bradenton, FL, 34211, USA.
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Lamenza FF, Upadhaya P, Roth P, Shrestha S, Jagadeesha S, Horn N, Pracha H, Oghumu S. Berries vs. Disease: Revenge of the Phytochemicals. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:84. [PMID: 38256917 PMCID: PMC10818490 DOI: 10.3390/ph17010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Secondary metabolites and phytochemicals in plant-based diets are known to possess properties that inhibit the development of several diseases including a variety of cancers of the aerodigestive tract. Berries are currently of high interest to researchers due to their high dietary source of phytochemicals. Black raspberries (BRB), Rubus occidentalis, are of special interest due to their rich and diverse composition of phytochemicals. In this review, we present the most up-to-date preclinical and clinical data involving berries and their phytochemicals in the chemoprevention of a variety of cancers and diseases. BRBs possess a variety of health benefits including anti-proliferative properties, anti-inflammatory activity, activation of pro-cell-death pathways, modulation of the immune response, microbiome modulation, reduction in oxidative stress, and many more. However, little has been done in both preclinical and clinical settings on the effects of BRB administration in combination with other cancer therapies currently available for patients. With the high potential for BRBs as chemopreventive agents, there is a need to investigate their potential in combination with other treatments to improve therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe F. Lamenza
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (F.F.L.); (P.U.); (P.R.); (S.S.); (S.J.); (N.H.); (H.P.)
- Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Puja Upadhaya
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (F.F.L.); (P.U.); (P.R.); (S.S.); (S.J.); (N.H.); (H.P.)
| | - Peyton Roth
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (F.F.L.); (P.U.); (P.R.); (S.S.); (S.J.); (N.H.); (H.P.)
| | - Suvekshya Shrestha
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (F.F.L.); (P.U.); (P.R.); (S.S.); (S.J.); (N.H.); (H.P.)
- Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Sushmitha Jagadeesha
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (F.F.L.); (P.U.); (P.R.); (S.S.); (S.J.); (N.H.); (H.P.)
| | - Natalie Horn
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (F.F.L.); (P.U.); (P.R.); (S.S.); (S.J.); (N.H.); (H.P.)
| | - Hasan Pracha
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (F.F.L.); (P.U.); (P.R.); (S.S.); (S.J.); (N.H.); (H.P.)
| | - Steve Oghumu
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (F.F.L.); (P.U.); (P.R.); (S.S.); (S.J.); (N.H.); (H.P.)
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Cai J, Qiao Y, Chen L, Lu Y, Zheng D. Regulation of the Notch signaling pathway by natural products for cancer therapy. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 123:109483. [PMID: 37848105 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved pathway that modulates normal biological processes involved in cellular differentiation, apoptosis, and stem cell self-renewal in a context-dependent fashion. Attributed to its pleiotropic physiological roles, both overexpression and silencing of the pathway are associated with the emergence, progression, and poorer prognosis in various types of cancer. To decrease disease incidence and promote survival, targeting Notch may have chemopreventive and anti-cancer effects. Natural products with profound historical origins have distinguished themselves from other therapies due to their easy access, high biological compatibility, low toxicity, and reliable effects at specific physiological sites in vivo. This review describes the Notch signaling pathway, particularly its normal activation process, and some main illnesses related to Notch signaling pathway dysregulation. Emphasis is placed on the effects and mechanisms of natural products targeting the Notch signaling pathway in diverse cancer types, including curcumin, ellagic acid (EA), resveratrol, genistein, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), quercetin, and xanthohumol and so on. Existing evidence indicates that natural products are feasible solution to fight against cancer by targeting Notch signaling, either alone or in combination with current therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Cai
- School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Yajie Qiao
- School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Lingbin Chen
- School of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Youguang Lu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China; Department of Preventive Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Dali Zheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350004, China.
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Lu S, Tian H, Li B, Li L, Jiang H, Gao Y, Zheng L, Huang C, Zhou Y, Du Z, Xu J. An Ellagic Acid Coordinated Copper-Based Nanoplatform for Efficiently Overcoming Cancer Chemoresistance by Cuproptosis and Synergistic Inhibition of Cancer Cell Stemness. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2309215. [PMID: 38044295 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance is one of the leading causes of treatment failure in current cancer chemotherapy. In addition to the classical drug efflux transporter-mediated chemoresistance, cancer cells with stemness features play a crucial role in escaping the maximum impact of chemotherapy. To sensitize cancer chemotherapy, in a novel approach, the hedgehog pathway inhibitor ellagic acid (EA) is coordinated with Cu2+ to develop nanoscale metal-organic frameworks (EA-Cu), which are then loaded with doxorubicin (DOX) and modified with targeted chondroitin sulfate (CS) to form the CS/E-C@DOX nanoplatform (CS/NPs). Notably, EA inhibits stemness maintenance by suppressing the hedgehog pathway, while Cu2+ further decreases stemness features of tumor cells by disrupting mitochondrial metabolism, effectively enhancing DOX-mediated chemotherapy. Meanwhile, EA can act synergistically with Cu2+ to cause mitochondrial dysfunction and cuproptosis, which effectively decreases ATP levels and subsequently suppresses the activity of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), thus reducing drug efflux and sensitizing DOX-mediated chemotherapy. Additionally, the attached CS endows CS/NPs with specific tumor targeting properties, whereas EA-Cu endows this nanoplatform with pH/glutathione (GSH) dual-responsive release behavior. Taken together, CS/NPs exhibited excellent antitumor effects by inducing cuproptosis and significantly inhibiting cancer cell stemness, which has great potential for overcoming cancer chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaijun Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China
| | - Hailong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Bowen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Lei Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China
| | - Yajie Gao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China
| | - Canhua Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yuping Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China
| | - Zhongyan Du
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
- Key Laboratory of Blood-stasis-toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Jia Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315020, China
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
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Golmohammadi M, Zamanian MY, Jalal SM, Noraldeen SAM, Ramírez‐Coronel AA, Oudaha KH, Obaid RF, Almulla AF, Bazmandegan G, Kamiab Z. A comprehensive review on Ellagic acid in breast cancer treatment: From cellular effects to molecular mechanisms of action. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:7458-7468. [PMID: 38107139 PMCID: PMC10724635 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women. Hence, developing a therapeutic plan to overcome the disease is crucial. Numerous factors such as endogenous hormones and environmental factors may play a role in the pathophysiology of BC. Regarding the multi-modality treatment of BC, natural compounds like ellagic acid (EA) received has received increased interest in antitumor efficacy with lower adverse effects. Based on the results of this comprehensive review, EA has multiple effects on BC cells including (1) suppresses the growth of BC cells by arresting the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase, (2) suppresses migration, invasion, and metastatic, (3) stimulates apoptosis in MCF-7 cells via TGF-β/Smad3 signaling axis, (4) inhibits CDK6 that is important in cell cycle regulation, (5) binds to ACTN4 and induces its degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, inducing decreased cell motility and invasion in BC cells, (6) inhibits the PI3K/AKT pathway, and (7) inhibits angiogenesis-associated activities including proliferation (reduces VEGFR-2 tyrosine kinase activity). In conclusion, EA exhibits anticancer activity through various molecular mechanisms that influence key cellular processes like apoptosis, cell cycle, angiogenesis, and metastasis in BC. However, further researches are essential to fully elucidate its molecular targets and implications for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Yasin Zamanian
- Department of Physiology, School of MedicineHamadan University of Medical SciencesHamadanIran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of PharmacyHamadan University of Medical SciencesHamadanIran
| | | | | | - Andrés Alexis Ramírez‐Coronel
- Research Group in Educational StatisticsNational University of Education (UNAE)AzoguesEcuador
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research GroupCES UniversityMedellínColombia
| | - Khulood H. Oudaha
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of PharmacyAl‐Ayen UniversityThi‐OarIraq
| | - Rasha Fadhel Obaid
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringAl‐Mustaqbal University CollegeBabylonIraq
| | - Abbas F. Almulla
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Medical TechnologyIslamic UniversityNajafIraq
| | - Gholamreza Bazmandegan
- Physiology‐Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical SciencesRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of MedicineRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
| | - Zahra Kamiab
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Ali‐Ibn Abi‐Talib HospitalRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
- Department of Community Medicine, School of MedicineRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
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8
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Mohamadi M, Dousdampanis P, Ahmadi Z, Pourmasumi S, Naderi M, Zainodini N, Nazari A. Nut consumption and urogenital and genital, gastrointestinal and women-related cancers: Assessment and review. Chronic Dis Transl Med 2023; 9:277-287. [PMID: 37915385 PMCID: PMC10617366 DOI: 10.1002/cdt3.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of cancer, especially in industrial countries, is a major problem for health and treatment systems. Cancer can affect the quality of life of all family members and has many negative effects on the community. Despite many advances in cancer treatment, this disease is still a major worldwide problem. There is strong evidence that dietary habits are effective in protecting against cancer and even helping in the disease treatment progress. Nuts with various biologically-active compounds, such as vitamins, phytosterols, isoflavones, flavonoids, and polyphenols have been reported to possess anticarcinogenic properties. Accordingly, this review provides an insight into the association between nut consumption and the prevention of some cancers. We considered the cancers related to the urogenital and genital tract, gastrointestinal tract, as well as women-related cancers. Both cell culture examinations and experimental animal studies alongside observational epidemiological studies demonstrated that regular consumption of a nut-enriched diet is able to reduce the risk of these cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mohamadi
- Occupational Safety and Health Research Center, NICICOWorld safety organization and Rafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
| | | | - Zahra Ahmadi
- Pistachio Safety Research CenterRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
| | - Soheila Pourmasumi
- Social Determinants of Health Research CenterRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Ali‐Ibn Abi‐Talib HospitalRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
| | - Monavare Naderi
- Vice Chancellor for Research and TechnologyRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
| | - Nahid Zainodini
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical SciencesRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
| | - Alireza Nazari
- Department of Surgery, School of MedicineRafsanjan University of Medical SciencesRafsanjanIran
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Čižmáriková M, Michalková R, Mirossay L, Mojžišová G, Zigová M, Bardelčíková A, Mojžiš J. Ellagic Acid and Cancer Hallmarks: Insights from Experimental Evidence. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1653. [PMID: 38002335 PMCID: PMC10669545 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex and multifaceted disease with a high global incidence and mortality rate. Although cancer therapy has evolved significantly over the years, numerous challenges persist on the path to effectively combating this multifaceted disease. Natural compounds derived from plants, fungi, or marine organisms have garnered considerable attention as potential therapeutic agents in the field of cancer research. Ellagic acid (EA), a natural polyphenolic compound found in various fruits and nuts, has emerged as a potential cancer prevention and treatment agent. This review summarizes the experimental evidence supporting the role of EA in targeting key hallmarks of cancer, including proliferation, angiogenesis, apoptosis evasion, immune evasion, inflammation, genomic instability, and more. We discuss the molecular mechanisms by which EA modulates signaling pathways and molecular targets involved in these cancer hallmarks, based on in vitro and in vivo studies. The multifaceted actions of EA make it a promising candidate for cancer prevention and therapy. Understanding its impact on cancer biology can pave the way for developing novel strategies to combat this complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Čižmáriková
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Radka Michalková
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Ladislav Mirossay
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Gabriela Mojžišová
- Center of Clinical and Preclinical Research MEDIPARK, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia;
| | - Martina Zigová
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Annamária Bardelčíková
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Ján Mojžiš
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
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10
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Pei H, Yang J, Li W, Luo X, Xu Y, Sun X, Chen Q, Zhao Q, Hou L, Tan G, Ji D. Solanum nigrum Linn.: Advances in anti-cancer activity and mechanism in digestive system tumors. Med Oncol 2023; 40:311. [PMID: 37775552 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02167-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Cancer has currently become a serious public health issue in many countries worldwide, and tumors of the digestive system have attracted an increasing number of researchers' due to their numerous types, high proportion and wide area of occurrence. While tumors of the digestive system suffer from high mortality rates, leading to untimely diagnosis and a poor prognosis, making it necessary to update current treatment approaches such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. This highlights the importance of exploring novel therapeutic ideas and targets. Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history of clinical use due to its low toxicity and multi-factor targeting of multiple pathways. As a kind of traditional Chinese herb, S. nigrum Linn. is highly regarded for its proven antitumor activity. The aim of this study was to comprehensively recapitulate and analyze the anti-cancer effects and molecular mechanisms of treatment of gastrointestinal tumors with S. nigrum Linn. extracts and related compounds, including classical signaling pathways mediated by them as well as noncoding RNA pathways associated with tumor suppression. Components that have been found to be responsible for the anti-cancer activity of S. nigrum Linn. include solanine, solasonine, solamargine, a-L-rhhamnopyranose, uttroside B, degalactotigonin, glycoprotein, and other compounds. The underlying mechanisms of anti-cancer activity reflected in this study include apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, autophagy, anti-angiogenesis, suppression of metastasis and invasion, immune escape, and increased sensitivity to radiotherapy. S. nigrum Linn. has great potential in the treatment of tumors of the digestive system, and through further clinical trials and pharmacological mechanisms it has the potential to become a uniform and standardized anti-tumor drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Pei
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wang Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xing Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xueying Sun
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Li Hou
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Gang Tan
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Daolin Ji
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China.
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11
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Lu G, Wang X, Cheng M, Wang S, Ma K. The multifaceted mechanisms of ellagic acid in the treatment of tumors: State-of-the-art. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115132. [PMID: 37423169 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ellagic acid (EA) is a kind of polyphenol compound extracted from a variety of herbs, such as paeoniae paeoniae, raspberry, Chebule, walnut kernel, myrrh, loquat leaf, pomegranate bark, quisquite, and fairy herb. It has anti-tumor, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutation, anti-bacterial, anti-allergic and multiple pharmacological properties. Studies have shown its anti-tumor effect in gastric cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer and other malignant tumors, mainly through inducing tumor cell apoptosis, inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, inhibiting tumor cell metastasis and invasion, inducing autophagy, affecting tumor metabolic reprogramming and other forms of anti-tumor efficacy. Its molecular mechanism is mainly reflected in inhibiting the proliferation of tumor cells through VEGFR-2 signaling pathway, Notch signaling pathway, PKC signaling pathway and COX-2 signaling pathway. PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, JNK (cJun) signaling pathway, mitochondrial pathway, Bcl-2 / Bax signaling pathway, TGF-β/Smad3 signaling pathway induced apoptosis of tumor cells and blocked EMT process and MMP SDF1α/CXCR4 signaling pathway inhibits the metastasis and invasion of tumor cells, induces autophagy and affects tumor metabolic reprogramming to produce anti-tumor effects. At present, the analysis of the anti-tumor mechanism of ellagic acid is slightly lacking, so this study comprehensively searched the literature on the anti-tumor mechanism of ellagic acid in various databases, reviewed the research progress of the anti-tumor effect and mechanism of ellagic acid, in order to provide reference and theoretical basis for the further development and application of ellagic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangying Lu
- Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Classic Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Xuezhen Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Ming Cheng
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Shijun Wang
- Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Classic Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Ke Ma
- Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Classic Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
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12
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Jing J, Wu Z, Wang J, Luo G, Lin H, Fan Y, Zhou C. Hedgehog signaling in tissue homeostasis, cancers, and targeted therapies. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:315. [PMID: 37596267 PMCID: PMC10439210 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01559-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The past decade has seen significant advances in our understanding of Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway in various biological events. HH signaling pathway exerts its biological effects through a complex signaling cascade involved with primary cilium. HH signaling pathway has important functions in embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. It plays a central role in the regulation of the proliferation and differentiation of adult stem cells. Importantly, it has become increasingly clear that HH signaling pathway is associated with increased cancer prevalence, malignant progression, poor prognosis and even increased mortality. Understanding the integrative nature of HH signaling pathway has opened up the potential for new therapeutic targets for cancer. A variety of drugs have been developed, including small molecule inhibitors, natural compounds, and long non-coding RNA (LncRNA), some of which are approved for clinical use. This review outlines recent discoveries of HH signaling in tissue homeostasis and cancer and discusses how these advances are paving the way for the development of new biologically based therapies for cancer. Furthermore, we address status quo and limitations of targeted therapies of HH signaling pathway. Insights from this review will help readers understand the function of HH signaling in homeostasis and cancer, as well as opportunities and challenges of therapeutic targets for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhuoxuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiahe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Guowen Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hengyi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yi Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Chenchen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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13
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Mohammadinejad A, Mohajeri T, Aleyaghoob G, Heidarian F, Kazemi Oskuee R. Ellagic acid as a potent anticancer drug: A comprehensive review on in vitro, in vivo, in silico, and drug delivery studies. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2022; 69:2323-2356. [PMID: 34846078 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Ellagic acid as a polyphenol or micronutrient, which can be naturally found in different vegetables and fruits, has gained considerable attention for cancer therapy due to considerable biological activities and different molecular targets. Ellagic acid with low hydrolysis and lipophilic and hydrophobic nature is not able to be absorbed in circulation. So, accumulation inside the intestinal epithelial cells or metabolization to other urolithins leads to the limitation of direct evaluation of EA effects in clinical studies. This review focuses on the studies which supported anticancer activity of pure or fruit-extracted ellagic acid through in vitro, in vivo, in silico, and drug delivery methods. The results demonstrate ellagic acid modulates the expression of various genes incorporated in the cancer-related process of apoptosis and proliferation, inflammation related-gens, and oxidative-related genes. Moreover, the ellagic acid formulation in carriers composed of lipid, silica, chitosan, iron- bovine serum albumin nanoparticles obviously enhanced the stable release and confident delivery with minimum loss. Also, in silico analysis proved that ellagic acid was able to be placed at a position of cocrystal ADP, in the deep cavity of the protein target, and tightly interact with binding pocket residues leading to suppression of substrate availability of protein and its activation inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Mohammadinejad
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Taraneh Mohajeri
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Mashhad Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ghazaleh Aleyaghoob
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Heidarian
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Kazemi Oskuee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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14
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Kraemer MB, Silva KC, Kraemer CCF, Pereira JS, dos Reis IGM, Priolli DG, Messias LHD. Validity of the peak velocity to detect physical training improvements in athymic mice. Front Physiol 2022; 13:943498. [PMID: 36091383 PMCID: PMC9451039 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.943498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study comprises two complementary experiments with athymic Balb/c (Nu/Nu) mice. In experiment 1, the aim was to verify the reproducibility of the peak velocity (VPeak) determined from the incremental test. The second experiment aimed to assess the VPeak sensitivity to prescribe and detect modulations of the physical training in athymic nude mice. Sixteen mice were submitted to two incremental treadmill tests separated by 48-h (Experiment 1). The test consisted of an initial warm-up of 5 minutes. Subsequently, animals initiated the tests at 8 m min−1 with increments of 2 m min−1 every 3 minutes. The VPeak was determined as the highest velocity attained during the protocol. In experiment 2, these animals were randomly allocated to an exercise group (EG) or a control group (CG). The training protocol consisted of 30-min of treadmill running at 70% of the VPeak five times a week for 4 weeks. High indexes of reproducibility were obtained for VPeak (Test = 19.7 ± 3.6 m min−1; Retest = 19.2 ± 3.4 m min−1; p = 0.171; effect size = 0.142; r = 0.90). Animals from the EG had a significant increase of VPeak (Before = 18.4 ± 2.7 m min−1; After = 24.2 ± 6.0 m min−1; p = 0.023). Conversely, a significant decrease was observed for the CG (Before = 21.1 ± 3.9 m min−1; After = 15.9 ± 2.7 m min−1; p = 0.038). The VPeak is a valid parameter for exercise prescription in studies involving athymic nude mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurício Beitia Kraemer
- Research Group on Technology Applied to Exercise Physiology (GTAFE), Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Research, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, Brazil
| | - Karen Christine Silva
- Research Group on Technology Applied to Exercise Physiology (GTAFE), Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Research, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, Brazil
| | - Camila Cunha França Kraemer
- Research Group on Technology Applied to Exercise Physiology (GTAFE), Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Research, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, Brazil
| | - Juliana Silva Pereira
- Research Group on Technology Applied to Exercise Physiology (GTAFE), Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Research, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, Brazil
| | - Ivan Gustavo Masseli dos Reis
- Research Group on Technology Applied to Exercise Physiology (GTAFE), Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Research, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, Brazil
| | - Denise Gonçalves Priolli
- Coloproctology Service of the Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo and Faculty of Health Sciences Pitágoras de Codó, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Henrique Dalcheco Messias
- Research Group on Technology Applied to Exercise Physiology (GTAFE), Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Research, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Leonardo Henrique Dalcheco Messias,
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15
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Xue P, Zhang G, Zhang J, Ren L. Synergism of ellagic acid in combination with radiotherapy and chemotherapy for cancer treatment. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 99:153998. [PMID: 35217437 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ellagic acid (EA) is a polyphenol compound abundant in berries, walnuts, pecans, pomegranate, cranberries, and other plant foods and exerts a wide array of biological properties. In particular, EA has received considerable research attention in anti-cancer therapy. EA administered alone has been shown to exert effects against human cancers through multiple pathways. In addition, EA may increase tumor sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Namely, EA combination with a relatively low dosage of therapeutic drugs or optimized radiation dose could improve the treatment outcome. More importantly, EA could counteract chemotherapy-related adverse reactions. PURPOSE This review aims to summarize the in vitro and in vivo experimental evidence of synergism of EA in radiotherapy/chemotherapy for the treatment of cancers. In addition, the preventive effect of EA to counteract chemotherapy-induced toxicity is also discussed. METHODS The searches were performed in the PubMed, Web of Science and Google scholar and introduced the information about the role of EA in cancer treatment. RESULTS EA exhibits synergistic effects in radiotherapy/chemotherapy for the treatment of cancers and exerts a great potential in reducing the side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy due to its biological activities, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. CONCLUSION EA could be a promising drug adjuvant for cancer treatment. In the near future, novel strategies for EA delivery systems that overcome the low EA solubility and bioavailability should be studied further to fully exploit the therapeutic potential of EA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; School of Biology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Guangjie Zhang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Li Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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16
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Aslan A, Gok O, Beyaz S, Uslu H, Erman F, Erman O, Baspinar S. Ellagic acid inhibits proinflammatory intermediary manufacture by suppressing NF-κB/Akt, VEGF and activating Nrf-2/Caspase-3 signaling pathways in rat testicular damage: a new way for testicular damage cure and in silico approach. Toxicol Mech Methods 2022; 32:463-476. [PMID: 35236242 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2022.2046668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Ellagic acid (EA) has protective effect on testicular damage and this natural compound decreases oxidative damage. The present study aims to examine the preventive effect of ellagic acid (EA) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced testicular tissue damage in rats. In testicular tissue, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf-2), B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), cysteine aspartic proteases (caspase-3) and protein kinase B (Akt) synthesis levels were analyzed by western blot method, reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured by malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, Glutathione (GSH) level and catalase (CAT) by spectrophotometer. As a result, in comparison with the CCl4 group, caspase-3 and Nrf-2 protein synthesis levels increased in EA + CCl4 group, however, VEGF, Bcl-2, NF-κB, TNF-α and Akt protein synthesis levels decreased, EA application raised GSH levels and CAT activity, reduced MDA levels. In this study, in silico tools were applied to confirm the activity of EA against the cancer with macromolecules such as the above mentioned transcription factors. EA, turned out to show significant activity similarly to some cocrystal ligands, particularly against cancer. These results points out that EA can be used as a testicular damage cure drug in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Aslan
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology-Molecular Biology and Genetics Program, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Gok
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology-Molecular Biology and Genetics Program, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Seda Beyaz
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology-Molecular Biology and Genetics Program, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Harun Uslu
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Fazilet Erman
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Orhan Erman
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Serpil Baspinar
- Department of Medical Imaging, Health Services Vocational High School, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
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17
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Cheshomi H, Bahrami AR, Rafatpanah H, Matin MM. The effects of ellagic acid and other pomegranate ( Punica granatum L.) derivatives on human gastric cancer AGS cells. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271211064534. [PMID: 35179410 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211064534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Although surgery with or without (neo)adjuvant chemo/radiotherapy, as the standard treatments, can be suitable therapeutic strategies for gastric cancer, side effects and drug resistance are two main treatment obstacles. It has been discovered that pomegranate and its natural derivatives, especially ellagic acid (EA), offer significant anti-cancer effects while causing trivial side effects. In this study, we aimed to explore the anti-cancer effects of EA on a human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line (AGS) as well as in immunocompromised mice bearing human gastric tumors, for the first time. HPLC was used for determining EA in samples. MTT assay, apoptosis and scratch assay, gelatin zymography, and quantitative RT-PCR were used to determine the anti-cancer properties of different concentrations of pomegranate fruit juice, pomegranate peel extract, and EA. Furthermore, the effects of these compounds were investigated on immunosuppressed C57BL/6 mice carrying human gastric cancer tumors. EA could inhibit the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells. It also had significant effects on reducing both expression and activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9. Further, it was demonstrated that with alterations in the expression of genes involved in apoptosis and inflammation including P53, BAX, APAF1, BCL2, iNOS, NF-κB, IL-8, and TNF-α, EA treatment led to increased cancer cell death and reduced inflammation. Furthermore, its use in mice bearing gastric tumors resulted in a significant reduction in tumor volume without any obvious side effects. Ellagic acid exhibited anti-cancer effects on gastric adenocarcinoma, and can be considered as a safe anti-cancer agent for further preclinical studies on this cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Cheshomi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, 48440Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Bahrami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, 48440Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.,Industrial Biotechnology Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, 48440Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Houshang Rafatpanah
- Immunology Research Center, Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Division, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam M Matin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, 48440Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.,Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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18
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Herbals and Plants in the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review of Experimental and Clinical Studies. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030619. [PMID: 35276978 PMCID: PMC8839014 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Pancreatic cancer represents the most lethal malignancy among all digestive cancers. Despite the therapeutic advances achieved during recent years, the prognosis of this neoplasm remains disappointing. An enormous amount of experimental (mainly) and clinical research has recently emerged referring to the effectiveness of various plants administered either alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic agents. Apart from Asian countries, the use of these plants and herbals in the treatment of digestive cancer is also increasing in a number of Western countries as well. The aim of this study is to review the available literature regarding the efficacy of plants and herbals in pancreatic cancer. Methods: The authors have reviewed all the experimental and clinical studies published in Medline and Embase, up to June 2021. Results: More than 100 plants and herbals were thoroughly investigated. Favorable effects concerning the inhibition of cancer cell lines in the experimental studies and a favorable clinical outcome after combining various plants with established chemotherapeutic agents were observed. These herbals and plants exerted their activity against pancreatic cancer via a number of mechanisms. The number and severity of side-effects are generally of a mild degree. Conclusion: A quite high number of clinical and experimental studies confirmed the beneficial effect of many plants and herbals in pancreatic cancer. More large, double-blind clinical studies assessing these natural products, either alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic agents should be conducted.
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Altındağ F, Özdek U. Synergistic effects of sinapic acid and ellagic acid ameliorate streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy by inhibiting apoptosis, DNA damage, and structural deterioration in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2021; 40:S290-S299. [PMID: 34661493 DOI: 10.1177/09603271211040825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetic nephropathy (DN), a global problem that threatens human health, is an important reason for chronic kidney disease and kidney failure. In our study, it was aimed to investigate the individual and combined effects of SA and EA in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced rats. METHODS The groups are as follows: Control, untreated diabetic, diabetic treated with Sinapic acid (SA), diabetic treated with Ellagic acid (EA), diabetic treated with SA and EA, treated with SA, treated with EA, and treated with SA and EA. Total kidney volume, total glomerulus volume, total filtration space volume, caspase-3, and 8-OHdG immunoreactivity, Malondialdehyde (MDA), Glutathione (GSH), Catalase (CAT), serum urea, and creatinine levels were evaluated by stereological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical methods. RESULTS The findings of the study showed that total kidney volume, total glomerulus volume, total filtration gap volume, caspase-3, and 8-OHdG immunoreactivity, MDA, serum urea, and creatinine levels significantly increased in the untreated diabetic group compared to the control group. Also, severe mesangial and glomerular enlargement, extracellular matrix accumulation, and glomerular and tubular basal membrane thickness were observed in the tubulointerstitial and glomerular of the diabetic rats. However, individual and combined treatments of SA and EA ameliorated these histological changes. Additionally, decreased GSH and CAT in the untreated diabetic group increased by SA and EA treatment. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that treatment of SA and EA prevent apoptosis and DNA damage and structural changes in STZ-induced DN. However, the combined treatment of SA and EA were more effective than their individual treatments in all parameters except serum urea and creatinine.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Altındağ
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, 53000Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - U Özdek
- Van Vocational Higher School of Health Services, 53000Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey
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20
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Anti-Genotoxicity Evaluation of Ellagic Acid and Curcumin—An In Vitro Study on Zebrafish Blood Cells. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11178142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Genotoxicity is the ability of specific substances to cause DNA damage, affecting development, physiology, and reproduction. This is often mediated by induction of oxidative stress. This in vitro study aims to test the ability of two antioxidants, ellagic acid (EA, 100 µM) and curcumin (Cur, 40 µM) to protect zebrafish blood cells from the genotoxic action of benzene (10 µL/mL). Cells were treated for 30, 60, and 90 min with EA or Cur alone and in combination with benzene. The antigenotoxic role of antioxidants was evaluated in terms of cytotoxicity by trypan blue dye, genome stability by RAPD-PCR technique, DNA fragmentation and percentage of apoptotic cells using Comet and Diffusion assay, respectively. The results did not show statistical differences in terms of cell viability, genome stability, DNA damage and apoptosis between cells treated with antioxidants. When zebrafish blood cells were co-incubated with individual antioxidants and benzene, a significant improvement of these parameters was observed in comparison with cells incubated in benzene. Our results suggested that EA and Cur are able to protect zebrafish blood cells against DNA damage and apoptosis caused by mutagenic substance, and laid the foundation for future studies investigating their antigenotoxic potential in DNA oxidative damage therapy.
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Autophagy Modulators in Cancer: Focus on Cancer Treatment. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11080839. [PMID: 34440583 PMCID: PMC8401266 DOI: 10.3390/life11080839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled autophagy has been associated with the development and progression of various cancers that are resistant to cancer therapy. Therefore, many efforts to modulate uncontrolled autophagy as a cancer treatment have been attempted, from basic science to clinical trials. However, it remains difficult to equally apply autophagy modulators to cancer therapy because autophagy is a double-edged sword in cancer: it can be tumor-suppressive or tumor-protective. Therefore, the precise mechanisms of autophagy modulators and their varied responsiveness to each cancer type should be addressed in detail. This study will describe the precise mechanisms of developing various autophagy modulators, their current therapeutic applications and future perspectives.
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Altındağ F, Rağbetli MÇ, Özdek U, Koyun N, Ismael Alhalboosi JK, Elasan S. Combined treatment of sinapic acid and ellagic acid attenuates hyperglycemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 156:112443. [PMID: 34329744 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of individual and combined treatment of sinapic acid (SA) and ellagic acid (EA) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Rats were divided into eight groups (n = 7): Normal Control, Diabetic Control, Diabetic + Sinapic Acid, Diabetic + Ellagic Acid, Diabetic + Sinapic Acid + Ellagic Acid, Sinapic Acid, Ellagic Acid and Sinapic Acid + Ellagic Acid. Diabetic groups were injected with a single dose of 50 mg/kg STZ intraperitoneally. Rats received 20 mg/kg/day SA and 50 mg/kg/day EA intragastrically for 28 days. The numerical density of immunopositive β-cells and volume density of pancreatic islets were calculated. Additionally, glucose and insulin levels in serum, MDA, GSH, and CAT levels of pancreatic tissue were measured. While serum glucose levels increased, serum insulin levels decreased in STZ-induced diabetic rats. But these changes in glucose and insulin were restored by individual and combined treatments of SA and EA. Also, individual and combined treatments of SA and EA increased insulin expression of β-cells in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Moreover, these compounds improved deteriorating oxidative stress parameters in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Our study indicates that SA and EA, especially their combined treatments, can be used as an antihyperglycemic agent in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fikret Altındağ
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey.
| | - Murat Çetin Rağbetli
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - Uğur Özdek
- Van Vocational Higher School of Healthcare Studies, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University,Van, Turkey
| | - Necat Koyun
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | | | - Sadi Elasan
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey
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Guo YX, Zhang Y, Gao YH, Deng SY, Wang LM, Li CQ, Li X. Role of Plant-Derived Natural Compounds in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis: A Review of the Treatment Potential and Development Strategy. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:639651. [PMID: 34262447 PMCID: PMC8273381 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.639651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that is mainly mediated by pathological T-cells. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a well-known animal model of MS that is used to study the underlying mechanism and offers a theoretical basis for developing a novel therapy for MS. Good therapeutic effects have been observed after the administration of natural compounds and their derivatives as treatments for EAE. However, there has been a severe lag in the research and development of drug mechanisms related to MS. This review examines natural products that have the potential to effectively treat MS. The relevant data were consulted in order to elucidate the regulated mechanisms acting upon EAE by the flavonoids, glycosides, and triterpenoids derived from natural products. In addition, novel technologies such as network pharmacology, molecular docking, and high-throughput screening have been gradually applied in natural product development. The information provided herein can help improve targeting and timeliness for determining the specific mechanisms involved in natural medicine treatment and lay a foundation for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xin Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu-Han Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Si-Ying Deng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li-Mei Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cui-Qin Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xing Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Development of Endangered Crude Drugs in Northwest China, The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
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24
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Wu CF, Wu CY, Chiou RYY, Yang WC, Lin CF, Wang CM, Hou PH, Lin TC, Kuo CY, Chang GR. The Anti-Cancer Effects of a Zotarolimus and 5-Fluorouracil Combination Treatment on A549 Cell-Derived Tumors in BALB/c Nude Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4562. [PMID: 33925400 PMCID: PMC8123799 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Zotarolimus is a semi-synthetic derivative of rapamycin and a novel immunosuppressive agent used to prevent graft rejection. The pharmacological pathway of zotarolimus restricts the kinase activity of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which potentially leads to reductions in cell division, cell growth, cell proliferation, and inflammation. These pathways have a critical influence on tumorigenesis. This study aims to examine the anti-tumor effect of zotarolimus or zotarolimus combined with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cell line implanted in BALB/c nude mice by estimating tumor growth, apoptosis expression, inflammation, and metastasis. We established A549 xenografts in nude mice, following which we randomly divided the mice into four groups: control, 5-FU (100 mg/kg/week), zotarolimus (2 mg/kg/day), and zotarolimus combined with 5-FU. Compared the results with those for control mice, we found that mice treated with zotarolimus or zotarolimus combined with 5-FU retarded tumor growth; increased tumor apoptosis through the enhanced expression of cleaved caspase 3 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation; decreased inflammation cytokines levels (e.g., IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6); reduced inflammation-related factors such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) mRNA; enhanced anti-inflammation-related factors including IL-10 and inhibitor of NF-κB kinase α (IκBα) mRNA; and inhibited metastasis-related factors such as transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), CD44, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Notably, mice treated with zotarolimus combined with 5-FU had significantly retarded tumor growth, reduced tumor size, and increased tumor inhibition compared with the groups of mice treated with 5-FU or zotarolimus alone. The in vivo study confirmed that zotarolimus or zotarolimus combined with 5-FU could retard lung adenocarcinoma growth and inhibit tumorigenesis. Zotarolimus and 5-FU were found to have an obvious synergistic tumor-inhibiting effect on lung adenocarcinoma. Therefore, both zotarolimus alone and zotarolimus combined with 5-FU may be potential anti-tumor agents for treatment of human lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Feng Wu
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Linkou, 5 Fuxing Street, Guishan District, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-F.W.); (C.-Y.W.)
| | - Ching-Yang Wu
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Linkou, 5 Fuxing Street, Guishan District, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan; (C.-F.W.); (C.-Y.W.)
| | - Robin Y.-Y. Chiou
- Department of Food Science, National Chiayi University, 300 University Road, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Cheng Yang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, 4 Section, 1 Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
| | - Chuen-Fu Lin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, 1 Shuefu Road, Neipu, Pingtung 912301, Taiwan;
| | - Chao-Min Wang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, 580 Xinmin Road, Chiayi 60054, Taiwan; (C.-M.W.); (T.-C.L.)
| | - Po-Hsun Hou
- Department of Psychiatry, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, 4 Section, 1650 Taiwan Boulevard, Taichung 40705, Taiwan;
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, 2 Section, 155 Linong Street, Beitou District, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chun Lin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, 580 Xinmin Road, Chiayi 60054, Taiwan; (C.-M.W.); (T.-C.L.)
| | - Chan-Yen Kuo
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, 289 Jianguo Road, Xindian District, New Taipei City 231405, Taiwan
| | - Geng-Ruei Chang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, 580 Xinmin Road, Chiayi 60054, Taiwan; (C.-M.W.); (T.-C.L.)
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25
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Wu YS, Ho JY, Yu CP, Cho CJ, Wu CL, Huang CS, Gao HW, Yu DS. Ellagic Acid Resensitizes Gemcitabine-Resistant Bladder Cancer Cells by Inhibiting Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Gemcitabine Transporters. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092032. [PMID: 33922395 PMCID: PMC8122772 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Chemoresistance of bladder cancer has become a major obstacle to clinical treatment, especially in first-line treatments involving gemcitabine (GCB). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is highly correlated with GCB resistance but less correlated with GCB metabolism and less reported as a novel therapeutic strategy. Our findings indicated that EMT-related GCB resistance occurs through the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathways and involves repressed expression of the GCB transporters hCNT1 and hENT1. Ellagic acid (EA) combined with GCB intensified the chemosensitivity of GCB in resistant cells by repressing Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4 expression and rescuing hCNT1 and hENT transcription. These data suggest that EA is a good adjuvant agent for blocking TGF-β/Smad signaling-related GCB resistance in bladder cancer. Abstract Gemcitabine (GCB) resistance is a major issue in bladder cancer chemoresistance, but its underlying mechanism has not been determined. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been shown to be comprehensively involved in GCB resistance in several other cancer types, but the direct connection between EMT and GCB remains unclear. This study was designed to elucidate the mechanism of EMT-related GCB resistance in bladder cancer and identify a potential phytochemical to modulate drug sensitivity. The biological effects of ellagic acid (EA) or its combined effects with GCB were compared in GCB-resistant cells and the GCB-sensitive line in terms of cell viability, apoptosis, motility, and in vivo tumorigenicity. The molecular regulation of EMT-related GCB resistance was evaluated at both the mRNA and protein expression levels. Our results indicated that TGF-β/Smad induced the overactivation of EMT in GCB-resistant cells and reduced the expression of GCB influx transporters (hCNT1 and hENT1). Moreover, ellagic acid (EA) inhibited the TGF-β signaling pathway both in vitro and in vivo by reducing Smad2, Smad3, and Smad4 expression and thereby resensitized GCB sensitivity. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that TGF-β/Smad-induced EMT contributes to GCB resistance in bladder cancer by reducing GCB influx and also elucidate the novel mechanisms of EA-mediated inhibition of TGF-β/Smad-induced EMT to overcome GCB resistance. Our study warrants further investigation of EA as an effective therapeutic adjuvant agent for overcoming GCB resistance in bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Si Wu
- Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (Y.-S.W.); (J.-Y.H.); (C.-P.Y.); (C.-J.C.); (C.-L.W.); (C.-S.H.)
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Jar-Yi Ho
- Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (Y.-S.W.); (J.-Y.H.); (C.-P.Y.); (C.-J.C.); (C.-L.W.); (C.-S.H.)
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ping Yu
- Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (Y.-S.W.); (J.-Y.H.); (C.-P.Y.); (C.-J.C.); (C.-L.W.); (C.-S.H.)
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jung Cho
- Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (Y.-S.W.); (J.-Y.H.); (C.-P.Y.); (C.-J.C.); (C.-L.W.); (C.-S.H.)
| | - Chia-Lun Wu
- Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (Y.-S.W.); (J.-Y.H.); (C.-P.Y.); (C.-J.C.); (C.-L.W.); (C.-S.H.)
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Shuo Huang
- Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (Y.-S.W.); (J.-Y.H.); (C.-P.Y.); (C.-J.C.); (C.-L.W.); (C.-S.H.)
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Wei Gao
- Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan; (Y.-S.W.); (J.-Y.H.); (C.-P.Y.); (C.-J.C.); (C.-L.W.); (C.-S.H.)
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (H.-W.G.); (D.-S.Y.)
| | - Dah-Shyong Yu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (H.-W.G.); (D.-S.Y.)
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26
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Duan J, Li Y, Gao H, Yang D, He X, Fang Y, Zhou G. Phenolic compound ellagic acid inhibits mitochondrial respiration and tumor growth in lung cancer. Food Funct 2020; 11:6332-6339. [PMID: 32608435 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01177k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ellagic acid (EA), a natural polyphenol compound that exists in a variety of fruits and vegetables, has been reported to inhibit tumor growth by reducing cell growth, inducing apoptosis, and damaging mitochondria. Recent reports demonstrate that mitochondria regulate cancer cell death through energy metabolism and that different types of cell death coexist in vivo. We showed that EA inhibited lung cancer cell proliferation, markedly decreased ATP levels, decreased the potential of the inner mitochondrial membrane and decreased oxygen consumption in vitro. In addition, EA activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and reduced HIF-1α in lung cancer cells. Moreover, the treatment of tumor-bearing mice with EA dramatically inhibited tumor growth, increased p-AMPK and suppressed HIF-1α levels. These findings suggest that EA could be a promising chemotherapeutic agent that targets mitochondrial metabolism in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Duan
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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27
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Quoc Lam B, Shrivastava SK, Shrivastava A, Shankar S, Srivastava RK. The Impact of obesity and diabetes mellitus on pancreatic cancer: Molecular mechanisms and clinical perspectives. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:7706-7716. [PMID: 32458441 PMCID: PMC7348166 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in the Western world has increased dramatically during the recent decades. According to the American Cancer Society, pancreatic cancer (PC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer‐related death in the United States. The relationship among obesity, T2DM and PC is complex. Due to increase in obesity, diabetes, alcohol consumption and sedentary lifestyle, the mortality due to PC is expected to rise significantly by year 2040. The underlying mechanisms by which diabetes and obesity contribute to pancreatic tumorigenesis are not well understood. Furthermore, metabolism and microenvironment within the pancreas can also modulate pancreatic carcinogenesis. The risk of PC on a population level may be reduced by modifiable lifestyle risk factors. In this review, the interactions of diabetes and obesity to PC development were summarized, and novel strategies for the prevention and treatment of diabetes and PC were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Quoc Lam
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Sushant K Shrivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, India
| | - Anju Shrivastava
- Department of Oncology, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Sharmila Shankar
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Southeast Louisiana Veterans Health Care System, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Rakesh K Srivastava
- Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
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28
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Cheshomi H, Bahrami AR, Matin MM. Ellagic acid and human cancers: a systems pharmacology and docking study to identify principal hub genes and main mechanisms of action. Mol Divers 2020; 25:333-349. [PMID: 32410114 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-020-10101-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Research on anticancer properties of natural compounds, as effective materials that are available while causing minimal side effects, is growing. Ellagic acid (EA) is a well-known polyphenolic compound, which has been found in both free and complex modes in several medicinal plants such as pomegranate, walnut, and berries. Although many articles have reported anticancer properties for this compound, its mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we used several online and offline bioinformatics tools and databases to identify the mechanism of action of EA on various types of human malignancies including bladder, blood, breast, cervical, colorectal, liver, pancreas, and prostate cancers. In this context, after identifying and extracting EA-affected human genes/proteins that have been reported in various references, we built the related gene networks and determined functional hub genes. In addition, docking was performed to recognize target proteins that react directly with EA and are in fact most affected by this compound. Our findings revealed that EA exerts its anticancer effects by influencing specific hub genes in various types of cancers. Moreover, different cellular signaling pathways are affected by this natural compound. Generally, it turned out that EA probably exerts most of its anticancer activities, through induction of apoptosis, as well as P53 and WNT signaling pathways, and also by affecting the expression of several hub genes such as CDKN1A, CDK4, CDK2, CDK6, TP53, JUN, CCNA2, MAPK14, CDK1, and CCNB1 and especially interactions with some related proteins including P53, CDK6, and MAPK14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Cheshomi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Bahrami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
- Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam M Matin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
- Novel Diagnostics and Therapeutics Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Group, Iranian Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khorasan Razavi Branch, Mashhad, Iran.
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Zhang YL, Zhang X, Miao XZ, Yuan YY, Gao J, Li X, Liu YG, Tan P. Coptisine suppresses proliferation and inhibits metastasis in human pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2020; 22:452-463. [PMID: 31119952 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2019.1585820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The effects of coptisine against advanced stage of human pancreatic carcinoma PANC-1 cells was investigated in vitro. Coptisine (25-150 μM) treatment for 48 h caused dose-dependent cell growth inhibition by using CCK-8 assay. Additionally, coptisine was found to inhibit PANC-1 cells metastasis by the wound healing assay. Flow cytometry data indicated that coptisine (25-100 μM) exhibited dose-dependent G1 phase arrest and moderate reduction of S phase. Coptisine was also found to inhibit ERK phosphorylation and total ERK levels. Our research suggested that coptisine would be a potential therapeutic drug for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Li Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Madica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Madica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xiang-Zhen Miao
- School of Chinese Materia Madica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yan-Yan Yuan
- School of Chinese Materia Madica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jian Gao
- School of Chinese Materia Madica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xia Li
- Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yong-Gang Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Madica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Peng Tan
- School of Chinese Materia Madica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
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30
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Mousa DS, El-Far AH, Saddiq AA, Sudha T, Mousa SA. Nanoformulated Bioactive Compounds Derived from Different Natural Products Combat Pancreatic Cancer Cell Proliferation. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:2259-2268. [PMID: 32280218 PMCID: PMC7127850 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s238256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study was designed to determine the potential effect of nanoencapsulated bioactive compounds from different natural sources on human pancreatic cancer. Background Pancreatic cancer carries the highest fatality rate among all human cancers because of its high metastatic potential and late presentation at the time of diagnosis. Hence there is a need for improved methods to prevent and treat it. Natural products, such as 3, 3′-diindolylmethane (DIM) and ellagic acid (EA) demonstrated anticancer efficacy against various cancer types. However, DIM is insoluble. Hence, using nanotechnology to encapsulate these compounds in combination with EA might improve their physical and chemical properties and their delivery to the cancer cells. Methods Human pancreatic cancer cells, namely SUIT2-luciferase transfected, were used to examine the effects of DIM or EA and their nanoformulation in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) [PLGA-PEG] nanoparticles (NPs) on SUIT2-luciferase cell viability/proliferation over 24 hrs. Additionally, effects on tumor weight and angiogenesis were determined using the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) tumor implant model. Results Both DIM and EA PLGA-PEG NPs resulted in rapid suppression of pancreatic cancer cell viability/proliferation within 24 hrs (P < 0.01), while the non-encapsulated DIM and EA did not show any significant effect on SUIT2 cancer cell viability or cell proliferation (MTT assay). In the CAM pancreatic cancer cell (SUIT2) implant model, results showed a greater suppression of tumor weight (P < 0.01), tumor cell viability, and tumor angiogenesis (P < 0.01) for DIM NPs and EA NPs and their combinations versus DIM or EA alone. Conclusion Nanoformulation of DIM and EA resulted in a more effective suppression of pancreatic cancer cell viability, pancreatic tumor weight, implanted cancer cell viability, and tumor angiogenesis as compared with these bioactive compounds alone.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali H El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Amna A Saddiq
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thangirala Sudha
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
| | - Shaker A Mousa
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA
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Lim SC, Hwang H, Han SI. Ellagic Acid Inhibits Extracellular Acidity-Induced Invasiveness and Expression of COX1, COX2, Snail, Twist 1, and c-myc in Gastric Carcinoma Cells. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11123023. [PMID: 31835645 PMCID: PMC6950616 DOI: 10.3390/nu11123023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular acidity has been implicated in enhanced malignancy and metastatic features in various cancer cells. Gastric cancer cell lines (AGS and SNU601) maintained in an acidic medium have increased motility and invasiveness. In this study, we investigated the effect of ellagic acid, a plant-derived phenolic compound, on the acidity-promoted migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells. Treating cells maintained in acidic medium with ellagic acid inhibited acidity-mediated migration and invasion, and reduced the expression of MMP7 and MMP9. Examining regulatory factors contributing to the acidity-mediated invasiveness, we found that an acidic pH increased the expression of COX1 and COX2; importantly, expression decreased under the ellagic acid treatment. The general COX inhibitor, sulindac, also decreased acidity-mediated invasion and expression of MMP7 and MMP9. In addition, acidity increased the mRNA protein expression of transcription factors snail, twist1, and c-myc; these were also reduced by ellagic acid. Together, these results suggest that ellagic acid suppresses acidity-enhanced migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells via inhibition of the expression of multiple factors (COX1, COX2, snail, twist1, and c-myc); for this reason, it may be an effective agent for cancer treatment under acidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Chul Lim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
- BioBank, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Hyoin Hwang
- BioBank, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju 61452, Korea
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
| | - Song Iy Han
- Division of Premedical Science, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-62-230-6194; Fax: +82-62-226-5860
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Ellagic Acid Inhibits Extracellular Acidity-Induced Invasiveness and Expression of COX1, COX2, Snail, Twist 1, and c-myc in Gastric Carcinoma Cells. Nutrients 2019. [PMID: 31835645 DOI: 10.3390/nu11123023.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular acidity has been implicated in enhanced malignancy and metastatic features in various cancer cells. Gastric cancer cell lines (AGS and SNU601) maintained in an acidic medium have increased motility and invasiveness. In this study, we investigated the effect of ellagic acid, a plant-derived phenolic compound, on the acidity-promoted migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells. Treating cells maintained in acidic medium with ellagic acid inhibited acidity-mediated migration and invasion, and reduced the expression of MMP7 and MMP9. Examining regulatory factors contributing to the acidity-mediated invasiveness, we found that an acidic pH increased the expression of COX1 and COX2; importantly, expression decreased under the ellagic acid treatment. The general COX inhibitor, sulindac, also decreased acidity-mediated invasion and expression of MMP7 and MMP9. In addition, acidity increased the mRNA protein expression of transcription factors snail, twist1, and c-myc; these were also reduced by ellagic acid. Together, these results suggest that ellagic acid suppresses acidity-enhanced migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells via inhibition of the expression of multiple factors (COX1, COX2, snail, twist1, and c-myc); for this reason, it may be an effective agent for cancer treatment under acidosis.
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Choi KA, Park HK, Hwang I, Jeong H, Park HS, Jang AY, Namkung Y, Hyun D, Lee S, Yoo BM, Kwon HJ, Seol KC, Kim JO, Hong S. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase proteins inhibit teratoma growth in mice transplanted with pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cells 2019; 38:516-529. [PMID: 31778275 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) can serve as an unlimited cell source for transplantation therapies for treating various devastating diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and Parkinson's disease. However, PSC transplantation has some associated risks, including teratoma formation from the remaining undifferentiated PSCs. Thus, for successful clinical application, it is essential to ablate the proliferative PSCs before or after transplantation. In this study, neural stem cell-derived conditioned medium (NSC-CM) inhibited the proliferation of PSCs and PSC-derived neural precursor (NP) cells without influencing the potential of PSC-NP cells to differentiate into neurons in vitro and prevented teratoma growth in vivo. Moreover, we found that the NSC-CM remarkably decreased the expression levels of Oct4 and cyclin D1 that Oct4 directly binds to and increased the cleaved-caspase 3-positive cell death through the DNA damage response in PSCs and PSC-NPs. Interestingly, we found that NSCs distinctly secreted the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 and TIMP-2 proteins. These proteins suppressed not only the proliferation of PSCs in cell culture but also teratoma growth in mice transplanted with PSCs through inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 activity. Taken together, these results suggest that the TIMP proteins may improve the efficacy and safety of the PSC-based transplantation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung-Ah Choi
- School of Biosystems and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Kyul Park
- School of Biosystems and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Insik Hwang
- School of Biosystems and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyesun Jeong
- School of Biosystems and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hang-Soo Park
- School of Biosystems and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah-Young Jang
- School of Biosystems and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Namkung
- School of Biosystems and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghun Hyun
- School of Biosystems and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seulbee Lee
- School of Biosystems and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Min Yoo
- Medical College of Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ki-Cheon Seol
- Institute of Stem Cell Research, Future Cell Therapy, Ahnyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Ok Kim
- Institute of Stem Cell Research, Future Cell Therapy, Ahnyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghoi Hong
- School of Biosystems and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Eskra JN, Dodge A, Schlicht MJ, Bosland MC. Effects of Black Raspberries and Their Constituents on Rat Prostate Carcinogenesis and Human Prostate Cancer Cell Growth In Vitro. Nutr Cancer 2019; 72:672-685. [PMID: 31402717 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1650943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer patients often use dietary supplements, such as black raspberries, which are a rich source of compounds with antioxidant and anticancer activity, particularly on gastrointestinal cancers. Feeding black raspberries inhibited mammary cancer induction in rats and growth of cancer cells in nude mice, indicating systemic bioavailability of bioactive compounds. We tested whether feeding black raspberries and its constituents would inhibit prostate cancer development. However, we did not find preventive effects in two rat prostate carcinogenesis models, even though the berry anthocyanin metabolite protocatechuic acid was detectable in their prostates. Black raspberry extract, the anthocyanin cyanidin-3-rutinoside and protocatechuic acid did not inhibit prostate cancer cell growth in vitro, but ellagic acid and its urolithin A metabolite did at high concentrations. Prostate cancer cell migration was not affected by these agents nor was growth in soft agar, except that ellagic acid reduced colony formation at physiological concentrations and protocatechuic acid at high concentrations. Low bioavailability of bioactive berry compounds and metabolites may limit exposure of tissues such as the prostate, since we found that cyanidin-3-rutinoside was not bioavailable to prostate cancer cells, but its aglycone cyanidin was and inhibited their growth. Thus, black raspberries are unlikely to prevent prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jillian N Eskra
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alaina Dodge
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael J Schlicht
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Maarten C Bosland
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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IFITM3 Clusters on Virus Containing Endosomes and Lysosomes Early in the Influenza A Infection of Human Airway Epithelial Cells. Viruses 2019; 11:v11060548. [PMID: 31212878 PMCID: PMC6631848 DOI: 10.3390/v11060548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon-induced transmembrane proteins (IFITMs) have been shown to strongly affect influenza A virus (IAV) infectivity in tissue culture. Moreover, polymorphisms in IFITM3 have been associated with the severity of the disease in humans. IFITM3 appears to act early in the infection, but its mechanism of action and potential interactions with incoming IAV structures are not yet defined. Here, we visualized endogenous IFITM3 interactions with IAV in the human lung epithelial cell line A549 and in primary human airway epithelial cells employing stimulated emission depletion super-resolution microscopy. By applying an iterative approach for the cluster definition and computational cluster analysis, we found that IFITM3 reorganizes into clusters as IAV infection progresses. IFITM3 cluster formation started at 2-3 h post infection and increased over time to finally coat IAV-containing endosomal vesicles. This IAV-induced phenotype was due to the endosomal recruitment of IFITM3 rather than to an overall increase in the IFITM3 abundance. While the IAV-induced IFITM3 clustering and localization to endosomal vesicles was comparable in primary human airway epithelial cells and the human lung epithelial cell line A549, the endogenous IFITM3 signal was higher in primary cells. Moreover, we observed IFITM3 signals adjacent to IAV-containing recycling endosomes.
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Wang Y, Ren F, Li B, Song Z, Chen P, Ouyang L. Ellagic acid exerts antitumor effects via the PI3K signaling pathway in endometrial cancer. J Cancer 2019; 10:3303-3314. [PMID: 31293633 PMCID: PMC6603400 DOI: 10.7150/jca.29738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ellagic acid (EA) is a polyphenol found in several fruits and plants. EA has been reported to exert antitumor activity in many types of cancers. However, the effect and potential molecular mechanism of EA in endometrial cancer are still unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the underlying antitumor function and targets by which EA inhibits endometrial cancer. By using multiplatform bioinformatics analysis tools, including DrugBank, STRING, WebGestalt and cBioPortal, the core targets of EA were identified as PIK3CA and PIK3R1. In addition, through transwell assays, EA was strongly found to inhibit cell invasion and migration. Based on CCK8 assays and flow cytometry, EA exhibited a suppressive effect on endometrial cancer cell proliferation by causing cell cycle arrest and inducing apoptosis. The results of real-time PCR confirmed that the expression of PIK3CA and PIK3R was decreased by EA. Furthermore, western blotting analysis demonstrated that EA inhibited PI3K phosphorylation, downregulating the expression of MMP9. In vivo, EA suppressed lung metastasis in BALB/c nude mice based on the SUVmax value determined from PET scans and HE staining. According to all these data, it comprehensively demonstrated the inhibitory effect of EA on endometrial cancer through bioinformatics analysis and experimental verification. Our findings suggest that EA may potentially be beneficial for treating endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizi Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Ren
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zixuan Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Ouyang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, People's Republic of China
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Zhong C, Qiu S, Li J, Shen J, Zu Y, Shi J, Sui G. Ellagic acid synergistically potentiates inhibitory activities of chemotherapeutic agents to human hepatocellular carcinoma. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 59:152921. [PMID: 31055231 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors with poor prognosis. Various chemotherapeutics are used in treatment of HCC, but most of them have significant toxicity to patients. Thus, it is urgently needed to develop new therapeutic strategies to achieve high specificity and tolerable adverse effects. As a natural polyphenol, ellagic acid (EA) demonstrates inhibitory effects in cancers. PURPOSE The goal of the present study to investigate the anticancer activity of EA with a focus on its stimulating effects on doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) and cisplatin (DDP) in HCC treatment. METHODS HepG2, SMMC-7721 and HL-7702 cells were treated with EA, DOX, DDP or their combinations. Cell viability and apoptosis were examined to evaluate the cytotoxicity of these treatments. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescent assays were used to determine expression of genes related to the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. To assess the anticancer activities and systemic toxicity of EA, DOX and EA+DOX treatments, a xenograft mouse model with inoculated HepG2 cells was employed, followed by immunohistochemical and histopathological evaluation. RESULTS EA could both markedly potentiate anticancer activities of DOX and DDP to HCC HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells, and reduce their cytotoxicity to normal liver HL-7702 cells. EA and its combination with DOX or DDP induced cell apoptosis through a pathway mediated by mitochondrial cytochrome c release. In nude mice, EA combination with a relatively low dosage of DOX effectively inhibited tumor growth without causing cardiotoxicity observed in mice treated by a high dosage of DOX. CONCLUSION We discovered that EA synergistically potentiated DOX and DDP in suppressing HCC with significantly reduced side effects and this may represent a novel strategy in HCC therapies with both high anticancer efficiencies and low systemic toxicity in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhong
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China; State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuang Qiu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jialiang Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Jingling Shen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Yuangang Zu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Jinming Shi
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Guangchao Sui
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China.
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Milanizadeh S, Reza Bigdeli M. Pro-Apoptotic and Anti-Angiogenesis Effects of Olive Leaf Extract on Spontaneous Mouse Mammary Tumor Model by Balancing Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Endostatin Levels. Nutr Cancer 2019; 71:1374-1381. [PMID: 31074644 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1609054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
It has been proven that olive associated products such as olive leaf extract (OLE) causes significant reduction in cancer cells viability and proliferation. Female BALB/c adult mice were divided into four groups. Three days prior to oral treatments, tumors were transplanted. First group were treated with distilled water and other three groups were received, respectively, 75, 150, and 225 mg/kg/day of OLE for three weeks. For assessment of anti-angiogenesis and pro-apoptotic effect of OLE on tumor tissue, tumor volume, cell mitosis and apoptosis, and also vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endostatin levels were assessed. OLE treatment with 150 and 225 mg/kg/day lead to significant reduction in tumor volume and cell mitosis compared with the control group, while the same doses significantly increase tumor cell apoptosis. OLE treatment with 150 mg/kg/day increase endostatin levels, while the same dose did not significantly decrease VEGF levels. The VEGF level is significantly reduced by the treatment with OLE 225 mg/kg/day for three weeks. Although, further studies are needed to clarify anti-angiogenesis and anti-apoptotic mechanism of OLE, consumption of OLE polyphenols after tumor transplantation reduced spontaneous mouse mammary tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Milanizadeh
- Department of Animal Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology , Shahid Beheshti University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Bigdeli
- Department of Animal Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology , Shahid Beheshti University , Tehran , Iran
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A critical review on anti-angiogenic property of phytochemicals. J Nutr Biochem 2019; 71:1-15. [PMID: 31174052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis, a process involved in neovascularization, has been found to be associated with several metabolic diseases like cancer, retinopathy etc. Thus, currently, the focus on anti-angiogenic therapy for treatment and prevention of diseases has gained significant attention. Currently available Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drugs are targeting either vascular endothelial growth factor or it's receptor, but in the long term, these approaches were shown to cause several side effects and the chances of developing resistance to these drugs is also high. Therefore, identification of safe and cost-effective anti-angiogenic molecules is highly imperative. Over the past decades, dietary based natural compounds have been studied for their anti-angiogenic potential which provided avenues in improving the angiogenesis based therapy. In this review, major emphasis is given to the molecular mechanism behind anti-angiogenic effect of natural compounds from dietary sources.
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Fu J, Shrivastava A, Shrivastava SK, Srivastava RK, Shankar S. Triacetyl resveratrol upregulates miRNA‑200 and suppresses the Shh pathway in pancreatic cancer: A potential therapeutic agent. Int J Oncol 2019; 54:1306-1316. [PMID: 30720134 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Trans‑3,4',5‑trihydroxystilbene (resveratrol) is a naturally occurring polyphenolic phytoalexin with marked anticancer activities, and is mainly found in grapes, berries and peanuts. However, due to a low bioavailability, it has not progressed to clinical practice for cancer treatment. Therefore, the aims of the present study were to examine the anticancer activities of the resveratrol derivative, triacetyl resveratrol (TCRV), in pancreatic cancer cells. Apoptosis was measured by fluorescence‑activated cell sorting and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)‑mediated dUTP nick‑end labeling assays. Gene expression was measured by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. TCRV inhibited colony formation and induced apoptosis through caspase‑3 activation in human pancreatic cancer AsPC‑1 and PANC‑1 cells, whereas it exerted no effect on human pancreatic normal ductal epithelial cells (HPNE). TCRV inhibited epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) by upregulating the expression of E‑cadherin and suppressing the expression of N‑cadherin and the transcription factors, Snail, Slug and Zeb1. TCRV inhibited Zeb1 3'UTR‑luciferase activity through the upregulation of microRNA (miR)‑200 family members. The inhibitory effects of TCRV on pancreatic cancer cell migration and invasion were counteracted by anti‑miR‑200 family members. The inhibitory effects of TCRV on EMT and the induction of apoptosis were exerted through the suppression of the sonic hedgehog (Shh) pathway, and through the modulation of cyclin D1 and Bcl‑2 expression. The hyperactivation of the Shh pathway by either Shh protein or Gli1 overexpression abrogated the biological effects of TCRV. Taken together, the results of this study demonstrate that TCRV inhibits pancreatic cancer growth and EMT by targeting the Shh pathway and its downstream signaling mediators. TCRV inhibited EMT through the upregulation of miR‑200 family members. Since TCRV effectively inhibited the growth of human pancreatic cancer cells by modulating the Shh pathway, without affecting the growth of HPNE cells, our findings suggest the possible use of TCRV as a promising candidate for the treatment and/or prevention of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsheng Fu
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P.R. China
| | - Anju Shrivastava
- St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85013, USA
| | - Sushant K Shrivastava
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh 221005, India
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Induction of apoptosis by in vitro and in vivo plant extracts derived from Menyanthes trifoliata L. in human cancer cells. Cytotechnology 2019; 71:165-180. [PMID: 30610508 PMCID: PMC6368494 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-018-0274-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Menyanthes trifoliata L. has been used in traditional medicine for centuries. It exists in Asia, Europe, North America and in Morocco and is exploited as a remedy for anemia and lack of appetite. This plant shows many pharmacological properties, but its most interesting one is its anti-cancer potential. The present study examines the induction of apoptosis in grade IV glioma cells after treatment with the extracts from aerial part and root of M. trifoliata plants derived from in vitro (MtAPV and MtRV, respectively) and from soil (MtAPS and MtRS, respectively) and presents the first comparison of the biological effects of four different extracts of M. trifoliata against glioblastoma cells. The root extracts of M. trifoliata plants were found to exhibit cytotoxic effects against grade IV glioma cells, but not normal human astrocytes. HPLC analysis demonstrated the presence of various polyphenolic compounds, including sinapinic acid, ferulic acid, syringic acid and vanilic acid. Higher amount of pentacyclic triterpene (betulinic acid) was also found in MtRV extract. The growth inhibition of human grade IV glioma cells mediated by MtRV extract appears to be associated with apoptosis and G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, and altered expression of the pro- and anti-apoptotic genes (Bax, Bcl-2, Cas-3 and TP53) and proteins (Bax, Bcl-2, Cas-3 and p53), as well as decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. Our results indicate that M. trifoliata gives promising results as an anti-cancer agent for human glioblastoma cell lines. However, further research is necessary in view of its therapeutic use.
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Tiwari V. Molecular insight into the therapeutic potential of phytoconstituents targeting protein conformation and their expression. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 52:225-237. [PMID: 30599902 PMCID: PMC7126799 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Native protein conformation is essential for the functional activity of the proteins and enzymes. Defects in conformation or alterations in expression of the proteins have been reported in various diseases. PURPOSE The aim of this study is to review the molecular insight into the therapeutic potential of phytoconstituents targeting protein conformations or expressions. METHODS Published literatures were searched in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science; Article published till Dec 2017 were extracted. The literature was assessed from the Central University of Rajasthan, India. Present study evaluate article based on the role of active plant constituents on the conformation and expression of the different proteins. RESULTS Plant components play their role either at the molecular level or cellular level and exhibit antibacterial, antiviral, anti-neurodegenerative and other activities. Plant active compounds isolated from different plants may either stabilize or destabilize the conformation of proteins or alter expression level of the protein involved in these diseases, therefore, can play a significant role in preventing diseases caused by the alteration in these proteins. CONCLUSION In the present article, we have reviewed the molecular mechanism of plant active compounds, their target proteins, methods of extraction and identification, and their biological significances. Therefore, a proper understanding of the effect of these herbal molecules on the concerned proteins may help to develop new herbal-based therapeutics for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishvanath Tiwari
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandarsindri, Ajmer 305817, India.
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Zhou B, Li Q, Wang J, Chen P, Jiang S. Ellagic acid attenuates streptozocin induced diabetic nephropathy via the regulation of oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 123:16-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Duan J, Zhan JC, Wang GZ, Zhao XC, Huang WD, Zhou GB. The red wine component ellagic acid induces autophagy and exhibits anti-lung cancer activity in vitro and in vivo. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 23:143-154. [PMID: 30353639 PMCID: PMC6307804 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Red wine consists of a large amount of compounds such as resveratrol, which exhibits chemopreventive and therapeutic effects against several types of cancers by targeting cancer driver molecules. In this study, we tested the anti‐lung cancer activity of 11 red wine components and reported that a natural polyphenol compound ellagic acid (EA) inhibited lung cancer cell proliferation at an efficacy approximately equal to that of resveratrol. EA markedly increased the expression of the autophagosomal marker LC3‐II as well as inactivation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin signalling pathway. EA elevated autophagy‐associated cell death by down‐regulating the expression of cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A), and CIP2A overexpression attenuated EA‐induced autophagy of lung cancer cells. Treating tumour‐bearing mice with EA resulted in significant inhibition of tumour growth with suppression of CIP2A levels and increased autophagy. In addition, EA potentiated the inhibitory effects of the natural compound celastrol on lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo by enhancing autophagy and down‐regulating CIP2A. These findings indicate that EA may be a promising chemotherapeutic agent for lung cancer, and that the combination of EA and celastrol may have applicability for the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Duan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Heath, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ji-Cheng Zhan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Heath, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Gui-Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Chun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei-Dong Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Heath, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Biao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Liu Q, Liang X, Niu C, Wang X. Ellagic acid promotes A549 cell apoptosis via regulating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:347-352. [PMID: 29896260 PMCID: PMC5995078 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the anti-cancer effect of ellagic acid in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells and to reveal the potential underlying mechanism. The effects of ellagic acid on the cell proliferation of A549 cells were determined by MTT assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were measured with flow cytometry and Annexin V-propidium iodide staining. Western blotting was used to measure the expression levels of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinas B (Akt) signaling pathway and apoptosis-associated proteins. It was demonstrated that ellagic acid exerted an inhibitory effect in the proliferation of human NSCLC A549 cells. Flow cytometry demonstrated that G1 phase retention and apoptosis rates were significantly increased after treatment with ellagic acid. Further investigation revealed that ellagic acid treatment diminished the phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt and regulated the expression of apoptosis-associated proteins in A549 cells. In conclusion, the present results indicated that ellagic acid suppresses cell proliferation, arrests cell cycle and induces apoptosis in human NSCLC A549 cells by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Liu
- Medical Experiment Center, Xinhua College of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510520, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobing Liang
- Medical Experiment Center, Xinhua College of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510520, P.R. China
| | - Chengwei Niu
- Medical Experiment Center, Xinhua College of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510520, P.R. China
| | - Xuelan Wang
- Medical Experiment Center, Xinhua College of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510520, P.R. China
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46
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An Array of Bioactive Compounds From Australian Eucalypts and Their Relevance in Pancreatic Cancer Therapeutics. Pancreas 2018; 47:690-707. [PMID: 29894418 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000001074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most devastating human cancers, and despite the significant advances in the current therapeutic options, the overall survival rate for PC has remained static for the past 50 years. Plant-derived bioactive compounds play a vital role in cancer therapeutics by providing new lead compounds for future drug development. Therefore, the isolation, characterization, and identification of new bioactive compounds for the prevention and treatment of cancer continue to be an important aspect of natural product research. Many in vitro and in vivo studies published in the last few decades have established strong links between the phytochemical profile of eucalypts and anticancer activity. However, only a small number of these reports have attempted to demonstrate a relationship between the biological activity of eucalypt extracts and PC. This review focuses on potential anti-PC effects of an array of bioactive compounds present in various species of eucalypts. It also highlights the necessity for further in vitro and in vivo studies to develop a complete understanding of the potential this group of plants has for the development of potent and specific chemotherapeutic drugs for PC.
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47
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Aslan A, Gok O, Erman O, Kuloglu T. Ellagic acid impedes carbontetrachloride-induced liver damage in rats through suppression of NF-kB, Bcl-2 and regulating Nrf-2 and caspase pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:662-669. [PMID: 29902765 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of natural antioxidants instead of conventional treatments is considered effective and safe alternative therapy for hepatotoxicity. Ellagic acid (EA) is a strong antioxidant matter having protecting effect particularly on the liver. Hepatotoxic compounds can cause very heavy damage. Among these chemical hepatotoxins, CCl4 are responsible for the trichloromethyl radical resulting from biotransformation of the liver. The aim of this study was to examine whether EA plays a protective role against to liver damage induced with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats. In this study, 36 male wistar albino (n = 36, 8 weeks old) rats were used. The rats were distributed into 4 groups, and 9 rats involved in each group. The groups were: (i) Control Group: Fed with standard diet; (ii) EA Group: Fed with standard diet + EA; (iii) CCl4 Group: Fed with standard diet + CCl4; (iv) CCl4 + EA Group: Fed with standard diet + CCl4 + EA. After 8 weeks, the rats were decapitated and the liver tissue were examined. As a result; EA application created a significant difference (p < 0.05) on caspase-3, bcl-2, NF-kB and Nrf-2 expression in the CCl4 + EA group in comparison to CCl4 group. Caspase-3 and Nrf-2 expression levels were increased in the CCl4 + EA group in comparison to CCl4 group, but bcl-2 and NF-kB expression levels were decreased. In TUNEL assay examinations, apoptotic index ratio was decreased in the CCl4 + EA group in comparison to CCl4 group. These results show that EA reduce liver damage ratio at wistar albino rats and also these results suggest that ellagic acid may be a potentially protective drug against to liver damage in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Aslan
- Firat University, Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Turkey.
| | - Ozlem Gok
- Firat University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Turkey
| | - Orhan Erman
- Firat University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Turkey
| | - Tuncay Kuloglu
- Firat University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embriology, Turkey
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Bhuyan DJ, Vuong QV, Bond DR, Chalmers AC, Bowyer MC, Scarlett CJ. Eucalyptus microcorys leaf extract derived HPLC-fraction reduces the viability of MIA PaCa-2 cells by inducing apoptosis and arresting cell cycle. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 105:449-460. [PMID: 29879629 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
New therapeutic strategies such as the development of novel drugs and combinatorial therapies with existing chemotherapeutic agents are urgently needed to improve the clinical prognosis of pancreatic cancer. We have previously reported the antiproliferative properties of aqueous crude Eucalyptus microcorys extract against pancreatic cancer cell lines. In this study, bioassay-guided fractionation of the aqueous crude E. microcorys extract using RP-HPLC and subsequent assessment of the resultant fractions (F1-F5) for their antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity against pancreatic cancer cell lines were performed. The molecular mechanisms associated with the cytotoxicity was characterised by studying the effects of the most potent fraction-1 (F1) on apoptosis and cell cycle profiles as well as its phytochemical constituents by LC-ESI/MS/MS. F1 displayed significantly greater antioxidant activity in three different assays (p < 0.05). Moreover, F1 exhibited significantly greater antiproliferative activity (IC50 = 93.11 ± 3.43 μg/mL) against MIA PaCa-2 cells compared to the other four fractions (p < 0.05). F1 induced apoptosis by regulating key apoptotic proteins- Bcl-2, Bak, Bax, cleaved PARP, procaspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3 in MIA PaCa-2 cells, suggesting the involvement of intrinsic mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and arrested cells at G2/M phase. A combination of gemcitabine and F1 exerted a greater effect on apoptosis and cell cycle arrest than F1 or gemcitabine alone (p < 0.05). LC-ESI/MS/MS revealed the tentative identities of phytochemicals present in F1 and their similarities with the phenolic compounds previously reported in Eucalyptus with antipancreatic cancer activity. Our study shows that the polyphenol and antioxidant-rich fraction of E. microcorys extract is a promising candidate for developing mono or combination therapies against pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deep Jyoti Bhuyan
- Pancreatic Cancer Research Group, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, Australia; School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, Australia.
| | - Quan V Vuong
- Pancreatic Cancer Research Group, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, Australia; School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, Australia
| | - Danielle R Bond
- Pancreatic Cancer Research Group, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, Australia; School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, Australia
| | - Anita C Chalmers
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, Australia
| | - Michael C Bowyer
- Pancreatic Cancer Research Group, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, Australia; School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, Australia
| | - Christopher J Scarlett
- Pancreatic Cancer Research Group, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, Australia; School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW, Australia
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Gallnuts: A Potential Treasure in Anticancer Drug Discovery. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:4930371. [PMID: 29785193 PMCID: PMC5896229 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4930371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction. In the discovery of more potent and selective anticancer drugs, the research continually expands and explores new bioactive metabolites coming from different natural sources. Gallnuts are a group of very special natural products formed through parasitic interaction between plants and insects. Though it has been traditionally used as a source of drugs for the treatment of cancerous diseases in traditional and folk medicinal systems through centuries, the anticancer properties of gallnuts are barely systematically reviewed. Objective. To evidence the traditional uses and phytochemicals and pharmacological mechanisms in anticancer aspects of gallnuts, a literature review was performed. Materials and Methods. The systematic review approach consisted of searching web-based scientific databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct. The keywords for searching include gallnut, Galla Chinensis, Rhus chinensis, Rhus potaninii, Rhus punjabensis, nutgall, gall oak, Quercus infectoria, Quercus lusitanica, and galla turcica. Two reviewers extracted papers independently to remove the papers unrelated to the anticancer properties of gallnuts. Patents, abstracts, case reports, and abstracts in symposium and congress were excluded. Results and Conclusion. As a result, 14 articles were eligible to be evaluated. It is primarily evident that gallnuts contain a number of bioactive metabolites, which account for anticancer activities. The phytochemical and pharmacological studies reviewed strongly underpin a fundamental understanding of anticancer properties for gallnuts (Galla Chinensis and Galla Turcica) and support their ongoing clinical uses in China. The further bioactive compounds screening and evaluation, pharmacological investigation, and clinical trials are expected to progress gallnut-based development to finally transform the wild medicinal gallnuts to the valuable authorized anticancer drugs.
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Li LW, Na C, Tian SY, Chen J, Ma R, Gao Y, Lou G. Ellagic acid induces HeLa cell apoptosis via regulating signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:29-36. [PMID: 29896225 PMCID: PMC5995030 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ellagic acid has been reported to possess various activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, antiviral and anticancer abilities. However, the effect and underlying molecular mechanism of ellagic acid on cervical carcinoma remain unclear. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of ellagic acid on human cervical carcinoma cells and the molecular mechanism involved. The present study assessed the survival of HeLa cells cultured in vitro using an MTT assay. Apoptosis rate and cell cycle of HaLa cells were measured using an Annexin V-Fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide Apoptosis Detection and Cell Cycle Analysis kits, respectively, following treatment with varying concentrations of ellagic acid. Further effects of ellagic acid on HeLa cells was assessed using flow cytometry and western blotting. Ellagic acid treatment significantly inhibited cell proliferation of the human cervical carcinoma HeLa, SiHa and C33A cells. In HeLa cells, it was observed that ellagic acid arrested the cell cycle at G1 phase, induced cell apoptosis, suppressed the phosphorylation of Janus kinase 2 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), as well as modulated the expression of associated proteins. Collectively, the results of the present study provide evidence that ellagic acid inhibits cervical carcinoma cell proliferation, and induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G1 phase possibly via the regulation of STAT3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian-Wei Li
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Chao Na
- Department of Integrated TCM and Western Medicine, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150036, P.R. China
| | - Song-Yu Tian
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Rong Ma
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Ge Lou
- Department of Gynecology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
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