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Wei D, Zhang N, Qu S, Wang H, Li J. Advances in nanotechnology for the treatment of GBM. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1180943. [PMID: 37214394 PMCID: PMC10196029 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1180943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), a highly malignant glioma of the central nervous system, is the most dread and common brain tumor with a high rate of therapeutic resistance and recurrence. Currently, the clinical treatment methods are surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. However, owning to the highly invasive nature of GBM, it is difficult to completely resect them due to the unclear boundary between the edges of GBM and normal brain tissue. Traditional radiotherapy and the combination of alkylating agents and radiotherapy have significant side effects, therapeutic drugs are difficult to penetrate the blood brain barrier. Patients receiving treatment have a high postoperative recurrence rate and a median survival of less than 2 years, Less than 5% of patients live longer than 5 years. Therefore, it is urgent to achieve precise treatment through the blood brain barrier and reduce toxic and side effects. Nanotechnology exhibit great potential in this area. This article summarizes the current treatment methods and shortcomings of GBM, and summarizes the research progress in the diagnosis and treatment of GBM using nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyan Wei
- Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- College of Life Sciences, Tarim University, Alar, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuang Qu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Psychiatry, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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2
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Nasrolahi A, Azizidoost S, Radoszkiewicz K, Najafi S, Ghaedrahmati F, Anbiyaee O, Khoshnam SE, Farzaneh M, Uddin S. Signaling pathways governing glioma cancer stem cells behavior. Cell Signal 2023; 101:110493. [PMID: 36228964 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is the most common malignant brain tumor that develops in the glial tissue. Several studies have identified that glioma cancer stem cells (GCSCs) play important roles in tumor-initiating features in malignant gliomas. GCSCs are a small population in the brain that presents an essential role in the metastasis of glioma cells to other organs. These cells can self-renew and differentiate, which are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of glioma. Therefore, targeting GCSCs might be a novel strategy for the treatment of glioma. Accumulating evidence revealed that several signaling pathways, including Notch, TGF-β, Wnt, STAT3, AKT, and EGFR mediated GCSC growth, proliferation, migration, and invasion. Besides, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including miRNAs, circular RNAs, and long ncRNAs have been found to play pivotal roles in the regulation of GCSC pathogenesis and drug resistance. Therefore, targeting these pathways could open a new avenue for glioma management. In this review, we summarized critical signaling pathways involved in the stimulation or prevention of GCSCs tumorigenesis and invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Nasrolahi
- Infectious Ophthalmologic Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Shirin Azizidoost
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Klaudia Radoszkiewicz
- Translational Platform for Regenerative Medicine, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
| | - Sajad Najafi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhoodeh Ghaedrahmati
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Omid Anbiyaee
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Nemazi Hospital, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Esmaeil Khoshnam
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Farzaneh
- Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute and Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
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Zhou Q, Chen W, Fan Z, Chen Z, Liang J, Zeng G, Liu L, Liu W, Yang T, Cao X, Yu B, Xu M, Chen YG, Chen L. Targeting hyperactive TGFBR2 for treating MYOCD deficient lung cancer. Theranostics 2021; 11:6592-6606. [PMID: 33995678 PMCID: PMC8120205 DOI: 10.7150/thno.59816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Clinical success of cancer therapy is severely limited by drug resistance, attributed in large part to the loss of function of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs). Developing effective strategies to treat those tumors is challenging, but urgently needed in clinic. Experimental Design: MYOCD is a clinically relevant TSG in lung cancer patients. Our in vitro and in vivo data confirm its tumor suppressive function. Further analysis reveals that MYOCD potently inhibits stemness of lung cancer stem cells. Mechanistically, MYOCD localizes to TGFBR2 promoter region and thereby recruits PRMT5/MEP50 complex to epigenetically silence its transcription. Conclusions: NSCLC cells deficient of MYOCD are particularly sensitive to TGFBR kinase inhibitor (TGFBRi). TGFBRi and stemness inhibitor synergize with existing drugs to treat MYOCD deficient lung cancers. Our current work shows that loss of function of MYOCD creates Achilles' heels in lung cancer cells, which might be exploited in clinic.
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Diana A, Gaido G, Maxia C, Murtas D. MicroRNAs at the Crossroad of the Dichotomic Pathway Cell Death vs. Stemness in Neural Somatic and Cancer Stem Cells: Implications and Therapeutic Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9630. [PMID: 33348804 PMCID: PMC7766058 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stemness and apoptosis may highlight the dichotomy between regeneration and demise in the complex pathway proceeding from ontogenesis to the end of life. In the last few years, the concept has emerged that the same microRNAs (miRNAs) can be concurrently implicated in both apoptosis-related mechanisms and cell differentiation. Whether the differentiation process gives rise to the architecture of brain areas, any long-lasting perturbation of miRNA expression can be related to the occurrence of neurodevelopmental/neuropathological conditions. Moreover, as a consequence of neural stem cell (NSC) transformation to cancer stem cells (CSCs), the fine modulation of distinct miRNAs becomes necessary. This event implies controlling the expression of pro/anti-apoptotic target genes, which is crucial for the management of neural/neural crest-derived CSCs in brain tumors, neuroblastoma, and melanoma. From a translational point of view, the current progress on the emerging miRNA-based neuropathology therapeutic applications and antitumor strategies will be disclosed and their advantages and shortcomings discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Diana
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | | | - Cristina Maxia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Daniela Murtas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
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Cao J, Tang Z, Su Z. Long non-coding RNA LINC01426 facilitates glioblastoma progression via sponging miR-345-3p and upregulation of VAMP8. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:327. [PMID: 32699526 PMCID: PMC7372762 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01416-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) has been extensively reported play important roles in regulating the development and progression of cancers, including Glioblastoma (GBM). LINC01426 is a novel lncRNA that has been identified as an oncogenic gene in GBM. Herein, we attempted to elucidate the detailed functions and underlying mechanisms of LINC01426 in GBM. Methods LINC01426 expression in GBM cell lines and tissues were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assays, colony formation assays, subcutaneous tumor formation assays were utilized to investigate the biological functions of LINC01426 in GBM. Dual-luciferase reporter assays, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and bioinformatic analysis were performed to determine the underlying mechanisms. Results LINC01426 is up-regulated in malignant GBM tissues and cell lines and it is capable to promote GBM cell proliferation and growth. Mechanistically, LINC01426 serves as a molecular sponge to sequester the miR345-3p and thus enhancing the level of VAMP8, an oncogenic coding gene, to promote GBM progression. Conclusions Our results revealed the detailed mechanisms of LINC01426 facilitated cell proliferation and growth in GBM and report the clinical value of LINC01426 for GBM prognosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Cao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang China
| | - Zhanbin Tang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang China
| | - Zhiqiang Su
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang District, Harbin, 150001 Heilongjiang China
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Gao X, Mi Y, Guo N, Luan J, Xu H, Hu Z, Wang N, Zhang D, Gou X, Xu L. The mechanism of propofol in cancer development: An updated review. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2020; 16:e3-e11. [DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingchun Gao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain DisordersShaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular DiseaseXi'an Medical University Xi'an China
- State Key Laboratory of Military StomatologyDepartment of AnesthesiologySchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Yajing Mi
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain DisordersShaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular DiseaseXi'an Medical University Xi'an China
- State Key Laboratory of Military StomatologyDepartment of AnesthesiologySchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Na Guo
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain DisordersShaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular DiseaseXi'an Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Jing Luan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain DisordersShaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular DiseaseXi'an Medical University Xi'an China
- State Key Laboratory of Military StomatologyDepartment of AnesthesiologySchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Hao Xu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain DisordersShaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular DiseaseXi'an Medical University Xi'an China
- State Key Laboratory of Military StomatologyDepartment of AnesthesiologySchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Zhifang Hu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain DisordersShaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular DiseaseXi'an Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Ning Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain DisordersShaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular DiseaseXi'an Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Dian Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain DisordersShaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular DiseaseXi'an Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Xingchun Gou
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain DisordersShaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular DiseaseXi'an Medical University Xi'an China
| | - Lixian Xu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences & Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain DisordersShaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular DiseaseXi'an Medical University Xi'an China
- State Key Laboratory of Military StomatologyDepartment of AnesthesiologySchool of StomatologyThe Fourth Military Medical University Xi'an China
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Hsieh PL, Liao YW, Pichler M, Yu CC. MicroRNAs as Theranostics Targets in Oral Carcinoma Stem Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020340. [PMID: 32028645 PMCID: PMC7072536 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer belongs to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and has been recognized as one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide. Recent studies have suggested that cancer stem cells (CSCs) may participate in tumor initiation, metastasis and even recurrence, so the regulation of CSCs has drawn significant attention over the past decade. Among various molecules that are associated with CSCs, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been indicated as key players in the acquisition and maintenance of cancer stemness. In addition, accumulating studies have shown that the aberrant expression of these ncRNAs may serve as surrogate diagnostic markers or even therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. The current study reviews the previous work by us and others to summarize how these ncRNAs affect oral cancer stemness and their potential theranostic applications. A better understanding of the implication of these ncRNAs in oral tumorigenesis will facilitate the translation of basic ncRNA research into clinical application in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Wen Liao
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Martin Pichler
- Research Unit of Non-Coding RNAs and Genome Editing, Division of Clinical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Cheng-Chia Yu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan;
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Institute of Oral Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-24718668
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8
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Zhou Y, Li Z, Ding Y, Zhang P, Wang J. WITHDRAWN: MicroRNA-340 suppresses pancreatic cancer growth by targeting BICD2. Pancreatology 2019:S1424-3903(19)30556-3. [PMID: 31153780 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2019.05.453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan City, Shandong Province, 250033, PR China
| | - Zhaohua Li
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan City, Shandong Province, 250033, PR China.
| | - Yinglu Ding
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan City, Shandong Province, 250033, PR China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan City, Shandong Province, 250033, PR China
| | - Jinqing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University, Ji'nan City, Shandong Province, 250033, PR China
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9
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Tong X, Yang P, Wang K, Liu Y, Liu X, Shan X, Huang R, Zhang K, Wang J. Survivin is a prognostic indicator in glioblastoma and may be a target of microRNA-218. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:359-367. [PMID: 31289507 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has revealed that survivin expression is associated with a malignant phenotype and poor prognosis in glioma. Survivin is also a potential target of microRNA (miRNA/miR)-218. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression and function of survivin in glioblastoma, and to examine the association between survivin and miR-218. For that purpose, survivin mRNA levels were analyzed in 144 frozen samples of glioblastoma using whole-genome RNA sequencing. In vitro cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis assays were performed, and survivin expression was detected by western blotting. The results revealed that the mRNA expression levels of survivin were negatively and significantly associated with overall survival in glioblastoma. Further in vitro analyses suggested that miR-218 may inhibit the expression of survivin. Expression of miR-218 in the LN229 cell line was significantly lower than that in the immortalized human gliocyte HEB cell line. miR-218 markedly inhibited tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion capacities, and decreased apoptosis. miR-218 also inhibited the expression of survivin. These results indicated that survivin may be a target of miR-218 and could serve as a predictive biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuezhi Tong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Pei Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Kuanyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Yanwei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Xiu Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Xia Shan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Ruoyu Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Ke'Nan Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Jiangfei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
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Li W, Wang Q, Feng Q, Wang F, Yan Q, Gao SJ, Lu C. Oncogenic KSHV-encoded interferon regulatory factor upregulates HMGB2 and CMPK1 expression to promote cell invasion by disrupting a complex lncRNA-OIP5-AS1/miR-218-5p network. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1007578. [PMID: 30699189 PMCID: PMC6370251 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), a highly disseminated tumor of hyperproliferative spindle endothelial cells, is the most common AIDS-associated malignancy caused by infection of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). KSHV-encoded viral interferon regulatory factor 1 (vIRF1) is a viral oncogene but its role in KSHV-induced tumor invasiveness and motility remains unknown. Here, we report that vIRF1 promotes endothelial cell migration, invasion and proliferation by down-regulating miR-218-5p to relieve its suppression of downstream targets high mobility group box 2 (HMGB2) and cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 1 (CMPK1). Mechanistically, vIRF1 inhibits p53 function to increase the expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and DNA methylation of the promoter of pre-miR-218-1, a precursor of miR-218-5p, and increases the expression of a long non-coding RNA OIP5 antisense RNA 1 (lnc-OIP5-AS1), which acts as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of miR-218-5p to inhibit its function and reduce its stability. Moreover, lnc-OIP5-AS1 increases DNA methylation of the pre-miR-218-1 promoter. Finally, deletion of vIRF1 from the KSHV genome reduces the level of lnc-OIP5-AS1, increases the level of miR-218-5p, and inhibits KSHV-induced invasion. Together, these results define a novel complex lnc-OIP5-AS1/miR-218-5p network hijacked by vIRF1 to promote invasiveness and motility of KSHV-induced tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Qingxia Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Qi Feng
- Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Qin Yan
- Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Shou-Jiang Gao
- Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Human Virology and Oncology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America
| | - Chun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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JIAPAER S, FURUTA T, TANAKA S, KITABAYASHI T, NAKADA M. Potential Strategies Overcoming the Temozolomide Resistance for Glioblastoma. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2018; 58:405-421. [PMID: 30249919 PMCID: PMC6186761 DOI: 10.2176/nmc.ra.2018-0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly malignant type of primary brain tumor with a high mortality rate. Although the current standard therapy consists of surgery followed by radiation and temozolomide (TMZ), chemotherapy can extend patient's post-operative survival but most cases eventually demonstrate resistance to TMZ. O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) repairs the main cytotoxic lesion, as O6-methylguanine, generated by TMZ, can be the main mechanism of the drug resistance. In addition, mismatch repair and BER also contribute to TMZ resistance. TMZ treatment can induce self-protective autophagy, a mechanism by which tumor cells resist TMZ treatment. Emerging evidence also demonstrated that a small population of cells expressing stem cell markers, also identified as GBM stem cells (GSCs), contributes to drug resistance and tumor recurrence owing to their ability for self-renewal and invasion into neighboring tissue. Some molecules maintain stem cell properties. Other molecules or signaling pathways regulate stemness and influence MGMT activity, making these GCSs attractive therapeutic targets. Treatments targeting these molecules and pathways result in suppression of GSCs stemness and, in highly resistant cases, a decrease in MGMT activity. Recently, some novel therapeutic strategies, targeted molecules, immunotherapies, and microRNAs have provided new potential treatments for highly resistant GBM cases. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of different resistance mechanisms, novel strategies for enhancing the effect of TMZ, and emerging therapeutic approaches to eliminate GSCs, all with the aim to produce a successful GBM treatment and discuss future directions for basic and clinical research to achieve this end.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Takuya FURUTA
- Department of Pathology, Kurume University, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shingo TANAKA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | | | - Mitsutoshi NAKADA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
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12
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Contribution of the Wnt Pathway to Defining Biology of Glioblastoma. Neuromolecular Med 2018; 20:437-451. [PMID: 30259273 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-018-8514-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), a highly lethal brain tumor, has been comprehensively characterized at the molecular level with the identification of several potential treatment targets. Data concerning the Wnt pathway are relatively sparse, but apparently very important in defining several aspects of tumor biology. The Wnt ligands are involved in numerous basic biological processes including regulation of embryogenic development, cell fate determination, and organogenesis, but growing amount of data also support the roles of Wnt pathways in the formation of many tumors, including gliomas. Two main Wnt pathways are distinguished: the canonical (β-catenin) and non-canonical (planar cell polarity, Wnt/Ca2+) routes. Wnt signaling regulates glioma stem cells (GSCs), thereby defining invasive potential, recurrence, and treatment resistance of GBM. Some observations suggest that the Wnt pathways are differentially active in molecular subtypes of this tumor, thereby may also guide prognostication and novel therapeutic decisions. In this review, we highlight main elements and biological relevance of the Wnt pathways, primarily focusing on the pathogenesis and subtypes of GBM. Finally, we briefly summarize newer therapeutic strategies targeting networks of the Wnt signaling cascades and their molecular associates that appear to be marked contributors to GBM aggressiveness.
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Fiscon G, Conte F, Licursi V, Nasi S, Paci P. Computational identification of specific genes for glioblastoma stem-like cells identity. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7769. [PMID: 29773872 PMCID: PMC5958093 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26081-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma, the most malignant brain cancer, contains self-renewing, stem-like cells that sustain tumor growth and therapeutic resistance. Identifying genes promoting stem-like cell differentiation might unveil targets for novel treatments. To detect them, here we apply SWIM - a software able to unveil genes (named switch genes) involved in drastic changes of cell phenotype - to public datasets of gene expression profiles from human glioblastoma cells. By analyzing matched pairs of stem-like and differentiated glioblastoma cells, SWIM identified 336 switch genes, potentially involved in the transition from stem-like to differentiated state. A subset of them was significantly related to focal adhesion and extracellular matrix and strongly down-regulated in stem-like cells, suggesting that they may promote differentiation and restrain tumor growth. Their expression in differentiated cells strongly correlated with the down-regulation of transcription factors like OLIG2, POU3F2, SALL2, SOX2, capable of reprogramming differentiated glioblastoma cells into stem-like cells. These findings were corroborated by the analysis of expression profiles from glioblastoma stem-like cell lines, the corresponding primary tumors, and conventional glioma cell lines. Switch genes represent a distinguishing feature of stem-like cells and we are persuaded that they may reveal novel potential therapeutic targets worthy of further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Fiscon
- Institute for Systems Analysis and Computer Science "Antonio Ruberti", National Research Council, Rome, Italy
- SysBio Centre of Systems Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Conte
- Institute for Systems Analysis and Computer Science "Antonio Ruberti", National Research Council, Rome, Italy
- SysBio Centre of Systems Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Licursi
- Institute for Systems Analysis and Computer Science "Antonio Ruberti", National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Nasi
- Department of Biology and Biotecnology - Charles Darwin, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology (IBPM), National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Paci
- Institute for Systems Analysis and Computer Science "Antonio Ruberti", National Research Council, Rome, Italy.
- SysBio Centre of Systems Biology, Rome, Italy.
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14
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Wang J, Yang S, Ge W, Wang Y, Han C, Li M. MiR-613 suppressed the laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma progression through regulating PDK1. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:5118-5125. [PMID: 29091303 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are aberrantly expressed in several tumors and play important role in tumorigenesis. However, little is known about the role of miR-613 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). We determined the expression of miR-613 in a panel of 30 LSCC specimens. Compared with the adjacent normal samples, 20 cases of LSCC tissues exhibited decreased expression of miR-613. The average expression of miR-613 in LSCC tissues was lower than in normal samples. Moreover, we demonstrated that exogenous expression of miR-613 suppressed LSCC cell proliferation, invasion, and blocked G1/S phase transition. We identified that 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK1) was a direct target gene of miR-613 in LSCC cell. Overexpression of miR-613 suppressed PDK1 expression in LSCC cell. Furthermore, we demonstrated that PDK1 was upregulated in LSCC tissues. MiR-613 expression was inversely correlated with the expression of PDK1 in LSCC tissues. Moreover, we showed that PDK1 was involved in the miR-613-mediated cancer suppression of LSCC cell. These results suggested that miR-613 played as a tumor suppressor gene in LSCC partly by inhibiting PDK1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and EENT Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Shujuan Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and EENT Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Wensheng Ge
- Department of Otolaryngology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and EENT Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and EENT Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Chaodong Han
- Department of Otolaryngology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and EENT Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Maocai Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Liaocheng People's Hospital and EENT Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
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15
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Chen YY, Ho HL, Lin SC, Ho TDH, Hsu CY. Upregulation of miR-125b, miR-181d, and miR-221 Predicts Poor Prognosis in MGMT Promoter-Unmethylated Glioblastoma Patients. Am J Clin Pathol 2018. [PMID: 29538610 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqy008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the prognostic values of microRNAs (miRNAs) in glioblastoma, and to see if there is an association between miRNAs and MGMT promoter methylation status. METHODS We collected paraffin blocks from resection specimens from 114 glioblastoma patients who had received temozolomide treatment and radiotherapy. Real-time quantitative PCR was performed to determine the expression levels of five miRNAs. RESULTS Upregulation of miR 125b-5p, miR 181d-3p, miR 221-3p, miR-222-3p, and miR 224-5p was observed in 13.2%, 5.3%, 12.3%, 32.5%, and 78.9% of the cases, respectively. The expression level of miRNAs was not significantly different in tumors with MGMT promoter methylation vs tumors without such methylation. Upregulation of miR 125b-5p, miR 181d-3p, or miR 221-3p was significantly associated with shorter survival in MGMT-unmethylated glioblastoma patients. CONCLUSIONS miR 125b-5p, miR 181d-3p, and miR 221-3p are useful in predicting poor prognosis in patients with MGMT-unmethylated glioblastomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Ying Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Ling Ho
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Lin
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tiffany Dai-Hwa Ho
- Departments of Computer Science and Statistics, Duke University, Durham, NC, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yi Hsu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- College of Nursing, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
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16
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Feng Z, Zhang L, Zhou J, Zhou S, Li L, Guo X, Feng G, Ma Z, Huang W, Huang F. mir-218-2 promotes glioblastomas growth, invasion and drug resistance by targeting CDC27. Oncotarget 2018; 8:6304-6318. [PMID: 27974673 PMCID: PMC5351633 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma has become a significant global health problem with substantial morbidity and mortality, underscoring the importance of elucidating its underlying molecular mechanisms. Recent studies have identified mir-218 as an anti-oncogene; however, the specific functions of mir-218-1 and mir-218-2 remain unknown, especially the latter. The objective of this study was to further investigate the role of mir-218-2 in glioma. Our results indicated that mir-218-2 is highly overexpressed in glioma. Furthermore, we showed that mir-218-2 is positively correlated with the growth, invasion, migration, and drug susceptibility (to β-lapachone) of glioma cells. In vitro, the overexpression of mir-218-2 promoted glioma cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. In addition, the overexpression of mir-218-2 in vivo was found to increase glioma tumor growth. Accordingly, the inhibition of mir-218-2 resulted in the opposite effects. Cell division cycle 27 (CDC27), the downstream target of mir-218-2, is involved in the regulation of glioma cells. Our results indicate that the overexpression of CDC27 counteracted the function of mir-218-2 in glioma cells. These novel findings provide new insight in the application of mir-218-2 as a potential glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoying Feng
- Institute of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Otology & Neuroscience Center, Binzhou Medical University, Laishan District, Shandong Province, 264003,China
| | - Luping Zhang
- Institute of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Otology & Neuroscience Center, Binzhou Medical University, Laishan District, Shandong Province, 264003,China
| | - Junchen Zhou
- Institute of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Otology & Neuroscience Center, Binzhou Medical University, Laishan District, Shandong Province, 264003,China
| | - Shuai Zhou
- Institute of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Otology & Neuroscience Center, Binzhou Medical University, Laishan District, Shandong Province, 264003,China
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Otology & Neuroscience Center, Binzhou Medical University, Laishan District, Shandong Province, 264003,China
| | - Xuyan Guo
- Institute of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Otology & Neuroscience Center, Binzhou Medical University, Laishan District, Shandong Province, 264003,China
| | - Guoying Feng
- Institute of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Otology & Neuroscience Center, Binzhou Medical University, Laishan District, Shandong Province, 264003,China
| | - Ze Ma
- Institute of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Otology & Neuroscience Center, Binzhou Medical University, Laishan District, Shandong Province, 264003,China
| | - Wenhua Huang
- Institute of Clinical Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Fei Huang
- Institute of Human Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Otology & Neuroscience Center, Binzhou Medical University, Laishan District, Shandong Province, 264003,China
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17
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Setijono SR, Park M, Kim G, Kim Y, Cho KW, Song SJ. miR-218 and miR-129 regulate breast cancer progression by targeting Lamins. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 496:826-833. [PMID: 29378184 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.01.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed life-threatening cancer in women. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has an aggressive clinical behavior, but the treatment of TNBC remains challenging. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as a potential target for the diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of breast cancer. However, the precise role of miRNAs and their targets in breast cancer remain to be elucidated. Here we show that miR-218 is downregulated and miR-129 is upregulated in TNBC samples and their expressions confer prognosis to patients. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function analysis reveals that miR-218 has a tumor suppressive activity, while miR-129 acts as an oncomir in breast cancer. Notably, miR-218 and miR-129 directly target Lamin B1 and Lamin A, respectively, which are also found to be deregulated in human breast tumors. Finally, we demonstrate Lamins as the major factors in reliable miR-218 and miR-129 functions for breast cancer progression. Our findings uncover a new miRNA-mediated regulatory network for different Lamins and provide a potential therapeutic target for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Rebecca Setijono
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bioscience (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, 25 Bongjeong-ro Dongnam-gu, Chungcheongnam-do, 31151, South Korea
| | - Mikyung Park
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Goeun Kim
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bioscience (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, 25 Bongjeong-ro Dongnam-gu, Chungcheongnam-do, 31151, South Korea
| | - Yongjo Kim
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bioscience (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, 25 Bongjeong-ro Dongnam-gu, Chungcheongnam-do, 31151, South Korea
| | - Kae Won Cho
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bioscience (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, 25 Bongjeong-ro Dongnam-gu, Chungcheongnam-do, 31151, South Korea.
| | - Su Jung Song
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bioscience (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, 25 Bongjeong-ro Dongnam-gu, Chungcheongnam-do, 31151, South Korea.
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18
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Chen W, Yu Q, Chen B, Lu X, Li Q. The prognostic value of a seven-microRNA classifier as a novel biomarker for the prediction and detection of recurrence in glioma patients. Oncotarget 2018; 7:53392-53413. [PMID: 27438144 PMCID: PMC5288195 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is often diagnosed at a later stage, and the high risk of recurrence remains a major challenge. We hypothesized that the microRNA expression profile may serve as a biomarker for the prognosis and prediction of glioblastoma recurrence. We defined microRNAs that were associated with good and poor prognosis in 300 specimens of glioblastoma from the Cancer Genome Atlas. By analyzing microarray gene expression data and clinical information from three random groups, we identified 7 microRNAs that have prognostic and prognostic accuracy: microRNA-124a, microRNA-129, microRNA-139, microRNA-15b, microRNA-21, microRNA-218 and microRNA-7. The differential expression of these miRNAs was verified using an independent set of glioma samples from the Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University. We used the log-rank test and the Kaplan-Meier method to estimate correlations between the miRNA signature and disease-free survival/overall survival. Using the LASSO model, we observed a uniform significant difference in disease-free survival and overall survival between patients with high-risk and low-risk miRNA signature scores. Furthermore, the prognostic capability of the seven-miRNA signature was demonstrated by receiver operator characteristic curve analysis. A Circos plot was generated to examine the network of genes and pathways predicted to be targeted by the seven-miRNA signature. The seven-miRNA-based classifier should be useful in the stratification and individualized management of patients with glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanghao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xingyu Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiaoyu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
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19
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Lei H, Shan H, Wu Y. Targeting deubiquitinating enzymes in cancer stem cells. Cancer Cell Int 2017; 17:101. [PMID: 29142505 PMCID: PMC5670729 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-017-0472-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are rare but accounted for tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, relapse and therapeutic resistance. Ubiquitination and deubiquitination of stemness-related proteins are essential for CSC maintenance and differentiation, even leading to execute various stem cell fate choices. Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), specifically disassembling ubiquitin chains, are important to maintain the balance between ubiquitination and deubiquitination. In this review, we have focused on the DUBs regulation of stem cell fate determination. For example, we discuss deubiquitinase inhibition may lead stem cell transcription factors and CSCs-related protein degradation. Also, CSCs microenvironment is regulated by DUBs activity. Our review provides a new insight into DUBs activity by emphasizing their cellular role in regulating stem cell fate and illustrates the opportunities for the application of DUBs inhibitors in the CSC-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Lei
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Chemical Biology Division of Shanghai Universities E-Institutes, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Huizhuang Shan
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Chemical Biology Division of Shanghai Universities E-Institutes, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 China
| | - Yingli Wu
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Chemical Biology Division of Shanghai Universities E-Institutes, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025 China
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20
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Haq S, Suresh B, Ramakrishna S. Deubiquitylating enzymes as cancer stem cell therapeutics. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2017; 1869:1-10. [PMID: 29054474 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The focus of basic and applied research on core stem cell transcription factors has paved the way to initial delineation of their characteristics, their regulatory mechanisms, and the applicability of their regulatory proteins for protein-induced pluripotent stem cells (protein-IPSC) generation and in further clinical settings. Striking parallels have been observed between cancer stem cells (CSCs) and stem cells. For the maintenance of stem cells and CSC pluripotency and differentiation, post translational modifications (i.e., ubiquitylation and deubiquitylation) are tightly regulated, as these modifications result in a variety of stem cell fates. The identification of deubiquitylating enzymes (DUBs) involved in the regulation of core stem cell transcription factors and CSC-related proteins might contribute to providing novel insights into the implications of DUB regulatory mechanisms for governing cellular reprogramming and carcinogenesis. Moreover, we propose the novel possibility of applying DUBs coupled with core transcription factors to improve protein-iPSC generation efficiency. Additionally, this review article further illustrates the potential of applying DUB inhibitors as a novel therapeutic intervention for targeting CSCs. Thus, defining DUBs as core pharmacological targets implies that future endeavors to develop their inhibitors may revolutionize our ability to regulate stem cell maintenance and differentiation, somatic cell reprogramming, and cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Haq
- Department of Lifesciences, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bharathi Suresh
- Department of Pharmacology and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Suresh Ramakrishna
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea; College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.
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21
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Yu DL, Zhang T, Wu K, Li Y, Wang J, Chen J, Li XQ, Peng XG, Wang JN, Tan LG. MicroRNA-448 suppresses metastasis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma through targeting JAK1/STAT3 pathway. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:1075-1082. [PMID: 28677798 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most common type of malignant pancreatic tumor. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small, non-protein coding, endogenous RNAs that play critical roles in tumorigenesis and progression of PDAC. In the present study, we demonstrated that miR-448 expression was downregulated in PDAC tissues and cell lines. Clinical association analysis indicated that low expression of miR-448 was associated with poor prognostic features and conferred a significant reduced survival of PDAC patients. Overexpression of miR-448 suppressed PDAC cell migration and invasion, while its loss showed the opposite effects on these cellular processes. In vivo experiments revealed that miR-488 restoration prohibited liver metastasis of PDAC in nude mice. Moreover, we found that Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) was a direct target gene of miR-448 in PDAC cells. We further demonstrated that the expression of JAK1 mRNA was upregulated in PDAC tissues. Notably, the expression of JAK1 mRNA was inversely correlated with the level of miR-448 in PDAC tissues. In addition, JAK1 knockdown showed similar effects of miR-448 on the metastasis of PDAC cells. JAK1/STAT3 pathway may be involved in the function of miR-448 in PDAC cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that miR-448 functions as a tumor suppressor in the development of PDAC through targeting the JAK1/STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Li Yu
- Department of Emergency, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Kun Wu
- The 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Dongfeng Huaguo Hospital of Shiyan City, Shiyan, Hubei 442049, P.R. China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Emergency, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Quan Li
- Department of Emergency, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Xing-Guo Peng
- Department of Emergency, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Jia-Ning Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
| | - Li-Guo Tan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, P.R. China
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22
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Wu X, Yan L, Liu Y, Xian W, Wang L, Ding X. MicroRNA-448 suppresses osteosarcoma cell proliferation and invasion through targeting EPHA7. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175553. [PMID: 28604772 PMCID: PMC5467824 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common type of malignant bone tumor, often affecting adolescents and children. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small, non-protein coding, endogenous RNAs that play critical roles in osteosarcoma tumorigenesis. In our study, we demonstrated that miR-448 expression was downregulated in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines. Overexpression of miR-448 suppressed osteosarcoma cell proliferation, colony formation and migration. Moreover, we found that EPHA7 was a direct target gene of miR-448 in osteosarcoma cells. We further demonstrated that the EPHA7 expression level was upregulated in osteosarcoma tissues. Interestingly, the expression level of EPHA7 was inversely correlated with the expression level of miR-448 in osteosarcoma tissues. In addition, elevated expression of miR-448 suppressed osteosarcoma cell proliferation and invasion through targeting EPHA7. Taken together, these findings suggest that miR-448 functioned as a tumor suppressor gene in the development of osteosarcoma through targeting EPHA7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangkun Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanyang Second People's Hospital, Nanyang, Henan, China
| | - Lihua Yan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Nanyang Second People's Hospital, Nanyang, Henan, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Yongxi Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanyang Second People's Hospital, Nanyang, Henan, China
| | - Wenfeng Xian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanyang Second People's Hospital, Nanyang, Henan, China
| | - Liuyu Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanyang Second People's Hospital, Nanyang, Henan, China
| | - Xunmeng Ding
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanyang Second People's Hospital, Nanyang, Henan, China
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23
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Xu L, Yu J, Wang Z, Zhu Q, Wang W, Lan Q. miR-543 functions as a tumor suppressor in glioma in vitro and in vivo. Oncol Rep 2017. [PMID: 28627653 PMCID: PMC5562083 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common primary central nervous system tumors and account for approximately 80% of malignant brain tumors. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding, regulatory RNA molecules that mediate the expression levels of specific proteins. As a member of the miRNA family, miR-543 plays a tumor suppressive or an oncogenic role in different types of tumors. However, the expression and role of miR-543 in glioma remain unknown. In the present study, the expression level of miR-543 in glioma cell lines and tissues was investigated. A series of in vitro and in vivo experiments was then performed to elucidate the function of miR-543 in glioma. Moreover, proteomic profiling was applied in this study to determine the landscape of differentially expressed proteins associated with miR-543-mediated carcinogenesis in glioma. We found that the expression level of miR-543 was greatly downregulated in glioma cell lines and tissues. Furthermore, the expression level of miR-543 was negatively associated with high-grade glioma. Functional studies demonstrated that miR-543 in glioma cells induced apoptosis and inhibited growth, the cell cycle, migration and invasion. In addition, the in vivo study showed that miR-543 suppressed tumorigenicity of glioma cells. In the present study, a label-free quantitative proteomic approach was performed and 339 proteins were identified as dysregulated after miR-543 was overexpressed. Among these dysregulated proteins, 165 were upregulated and 174 were downregulated. Moreover, multiple pathways were significantly enriched and were probably involved in miR-543-mediated tumorigenesis, including RNA degradation and the inositol phosphate metabolism pathway. In conclusion, miR-543 may function as a tumor suppressor in glioma and may serve as a future therapeutic target in therapy for patients with glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Ju Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Zhongyong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Wenjie Wang
- Cyrus Tang Hematology Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Qing Lan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
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24
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Jin C, Feng Y, Ni Y, Shan Z. MicroRNA-610 suppresses osteosarcoma oncogenicity via targeting TWIST1 expression. Oncotarget 2017; 8:56174-56184. [PMID: 28915582 PMCID: PMC5593553 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most frequent primary bone tumor affects adolescents and young adults. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding and endogenous RNAs that played as important roles in the initiation and progression of tumors. In this study, we try to explore the biological function and expression of miR-610 in the osteosarcoma. We showed that miR-610 expression was downregulated in the osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines. Elevated expression of miR-610 suppressed the osteosarcoma cell proliferation, cell cycle, invasion and EMT program. Moreover, overexpression of miR-610 increased sensitivity of MG-63 and U2OS cells to cisplatin. Twist1 was identified as a direct target gene of miR-610 in the osteosarcoma cell. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Twist1 was upregulated in the osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines. The expression of Twist1 was negatively associated with the expression of miR-610 expression in the osteosarcoma tissues. Ectopic expression of Twist1 inhibited the sensitivity of miR-610-overexpressing MG-63 cells to cisplatin. We also showed that overexpression of Twist1 increased the proliferation and invasion of miR-610-overexpressing MG-63 cells. These data indicated that ectopic expression of miR-610 suppressed the osteosarcoma cell proliferation, cell cylce, invasion and increased the sensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to cisplatin through targeting the Twist1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Jin
- The Third Department of Orthopaedics, Central Hospital of Cangzhou City, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Yongjian Feng
- The Fourth Department of Orthopaedics, Central Hospital of Cangzhou City, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Yongjian Ni
- The Third Department of Orthopaedics, Central Hospital of Cangzhou City, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
| | - Zhonglin Shan
- The Third Department of Orthopaedics, Central Hospital of Cangzhou City, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
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Qiu GZ, Sun W, Jin MZ, Lin J, Lu PG, Jin WL. The bad seed gardener: Deubiquitinases in the cancer stem-cell signaling network and therapeutic resistance. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 172:127-138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) are extremely lethal and still poorly treated primary brain tumors, characterized by the presence of highly tumorigenic cancer stem cell (CSC) subpopulations, considered responsible for tumor relapse. In order to successfully eradicate GBM growth and recurrence, new anti-cancer strategies selectively targeting CSCs should be designed. CSCs might be eradicated by targeting some of their cell surface markers and transporters, inducing their differentiation, impacting their hyper-glycolytic metabolism, inhibiting CSC-related signaling pathways and/or by targeting their microenvironmental niche. In this regard, phytocompounds such as curcumin, isothiocyanates, resveratrol and epigallocatechin-3-gallate have been shown to prevent or reverse cancer-related epigenetic dysfunctions, reducing tumorigenesis, preventing metastasis and/or increasing chemotherapy and radiotherapy efficacy. However, the actual bioavailability and metabolic processing of phytocompounds is generally unknown, and the presence of the blood brain barrier often represents a limitation to glioma treatments. Nowadays, nanoparticles (NPs) can be loaded with therapeutic compounds such as phytochemicals, improving their bioavailability and their targeted delivery within the GBM tumor bulk. Moreover, NPs can be designed to increase their tropism and specificity toward CSCs by conjugating their surface with antibodies specific for CSC antigens, with ligands or with glucose analogues. Here we discuss the use of phytochemicals as anti-glioma agents and the applicability of phytochemical-loaded NPs as drug delivery systems to target GBM. Additionally, we provide some examples on how NPs can be specifically formulated to improve CSC targeting.
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Fu Q, Cheng J, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Chen X, Xie J, Luo S. Downregulation of YEATS4 by miR-218 sensitizes colorectal cancer cells to L-OHP-induced cell apoptosis by inhibiting cytoprotective autophagy. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:3682-3690. [PMID: 27779719 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Deregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been reported to participate in CRC progression. In the present study, we observed downregulation of miR-218 and upregulation of YEATS domain containing 4 (YEATS4) in CRC tissues and in multidrug-resistant HCT-116/L-OHP cells compared with these levels in normal tissues and parental HCT-116 cells, respectively. The results indicated that miR-218 overexpression significantly decreased the IC50 value of oxaliplatin (L-OHP) in the HCT-116/L-OHP cells, and suppression of miR-218 significantly enhanced the IC50 of L-OHP in the HCT-116 cells. Flow cytometric analysis showed that miR-218 overexpression alone promoted cell apoptosis in the HCT-116/L-OHP cells, which was further enhanced in response to L-OHP, and miR-218 inhibition decreased cell apoptosis in the HCT-116 cells following treatment with L-OHP. Western blot analysis indicated that, compared with the small increase observed in HCT-116 cells, the relative LC3 II level in HCT-116/L-OHP cells after lysosome inhibition via chloroquine (CQ) was markedly upregulated following L-OHP treatment, suggesting induction of autophagy. Exposure of HCT-116/L-OHP cells to L-OHP after control mimic transfection increased autophagic flux, as reflected by increased LC3 II levels, while miR-218 overexpression partly reversed L-OHP-mediated LC3 II accumulation. Additionally, both miR-218 overexpression and CQ treatment promoted L-OHP-induced HCT-116/L-OHP cell apoptosis. Molecularly, our results confirmed that miR-218 directly targets the YEATS4 gene and inhibits YEATS4 expression. Furthermore, YEATS4 overexpression without the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) restored miR-218-inhibited YEATS4 and LC3 II expression, and abolished miR-218-stimulated cell viability loss and cell apoptosis increase in response to L-OHP. In conclusion, miR-218 sensitized HCT-116/L-OHP cells to L-OHP-induced cell apoptosis via inhibition of cytoprotective autophagy by targeting YEATS4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Fu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Henan Province (The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital (The Affiliated Central Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, Henan 450007, P.R. China
| | - Jindai Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Henan Province (The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Yonglei Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Henan Province (The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobing Chen
- Department of Digestive Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Henan Province (The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Jianguo Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Henan Province (The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
| | - Suxia Luo
- Department of Digestive Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Henan Province (The Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University), Zhengzhou, Henan 450008, P.R. China
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Duan F, Wang K, Dai L, Zhao X, Feng Y, Song C, Cui S, Wang C. Prognostic significance of low microRNA-218 expression in patients with different types of cancer: Evidence from published studies. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e4773. [PMID: 27631228 PMCID: PMC5402571 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000004773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mounting evidence showed that microRNAs may be useful as prognostic biomarkers of cancer. Therefore, we summarize the predictive role of microRNA-218 (miR-218) for survival in patients with various cancers. METHODS We performed a systematic literature review and assessed the quality of included studies based on Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology group (MOOSE). Hazard ratios (HRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the correlation between miR-218 expression and prognosis of different cancers. RESULTS We identified 10 studies for pooled analyses. For overall survival, a lower expression levels of miR-218 significantly predicted poorer survival, with the pooled HR of 2.61 (95% CI: 2.11-3.22, P < 0.001). For disease-free survival/progressive-free survival/recurrence-free survival (DFS/PFS/RFS), a lower expression level of miR-218 significantly predicted worse DFS/PFS/RFS in various carcinomas, with the pooled HR of 2.73 (95% CI: 2.08-3.58, P < 0.001). Similarly, subgroup analysis by detection method, ethnicity and cancer subtype analysis suggested that lower expression of miR-218 correlated with. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrated that lower miR-218 expression is significantly associated with poorer overall survival (OS) and DFS/PFS/RFS and may be a novel prognostic biomarker in some cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujiao Duan
- Department of Hospital Infection Management
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Kaijuan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Liping Dai
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Hospital Infection Management
| | - Yajing Feng
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
| | - Chunhua Song
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University
- Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shuli Cui
- College of Professional Study, Northeastern University, Boston, MA
| | - Chengzeng Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Shi R, Wang PY, Li XY, Chen JX, Li Y, Zhang XZ, Zhang CG, Jiang T, Li WB, Ding W, Cheng SJ. Exosomal levels of miRNA-21 from cerebrospinal fluids associated with poor prognosis and tumor recurrence of glioma patients. Oncotarget 2016; 6:26971-81. [PMID: 26284486 PMCID: PMC4694967 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioma is a most common type of primary brain tumors. Extracellular vesicles, in the form of exosomes, are known to mediate cell–cell communication by transporting cell-derived proteins and nucleic acids, including various microRNAs (miRNAs). Here we examined the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with recurrent glioma for the levels of cancer-related miRNAs, and evaluated the values for prognosis by comparing the measures of CSF-, serum-, and exosome-contained miR-21 levels. Samples from seventy glioma patients following surgery were compared with those from brain trauma patients as a non-tumor control group. Exosomal miR-21 levels in the CSF of glioma patients were found significantly higher than in the controls; whereas no difference was detected in serum-derived exosomal miR-21 expression. The CSF-derived exosomal miR-21 levels correlated with tumor spinal/ventricle metastasis and the recurrence with anatomical site preference. From additional 198 glioma tissue samples, we verified that miR-21 levels associated with tumor grade of diagnosis and negatively correlated with the median values of patient overall survival time. We further used a lentiviral inhibitor to suppress miR-21 expression in U251 cells. The results showed that the levels of miR-21 target genes of PTEN, RECK and PDCD4 were up-regulated at protein levels. Therefore, we concluded that the exosomal miR-21 levels could be demonstrated as a promising indicator for glioma diagnosis and prognosis, particularly with values to predict tumor recurrence or metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Shi
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Pei-Yin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, China
| | - Xin-Yi Li
- University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jian-Xin Chen
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Zhong Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang Medical University, Henan, China
| | - Chen-Guang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Tumor Invasion and Metastasis, Cancer Institute of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Bin Li
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Ding
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Tumor Invasion and Metastasis, Cancer Institute of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Jun Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Li JW, Lin X, Tse A, Cheung A, Chan TF, Kong RYC, Lai KP, Wu RSS. Discovery and functional characterization of novel miRNAs in the marine medaka Oryzias melastigma. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 175:106-116. [PMID: 27002527 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The marine medaka Oryzias melastigma has often been used as a marine fish model to investigate the biological responses to environmental stresses and pollutants in marine environments. miRNAs are post-transcriptional regulators of many biological processes in a variety of organisms, and have been shown to be affected by environmental stresses, but the novel miRNA profile of marine medaka has not been reported. Using both genome and small RNA sequencings coupled with different bioinformatics analyses, we have discovered 58, 82, 234, and 201 unannotated miRNAs in the brain, liver, ovary and testis tissues of marine medaka, respectively. Furthermore, these novel miRNAs were found to target genes with tissue-specific roles such as neuron development and synaptic transmission in the brain, glucose and fat metabolism in the liver and steroidogenesis in the gonads. We here report, for the first time, novel miRNA profile of marine medaka, which will provide a foundation for future biomarkers and transgenerational studies for the assessment of environmental stresses and pollutions in the marine environments. In a boarder context, our data will provide novel insight into our knowledge of miRNome and miR research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Woei Li
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Anna Tse
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Hong Kong
| | - Angela Cheung
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Hong Kong
| | - Ting Fung Chan
- School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Richard Yuen Chong Kong
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Hong Kong; Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Keng Po Lai
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Hong Kong; Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Rudolf Shiu Sun Wu
- State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, Hong Kong; Department of Science and Environmental Studies, Institute of Education, Tai Po, New Territories, Hong Kong.
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Mao XY, Dai JX, Zhou HH, Liu ZQ, Jin WL. Brain tumor modeling using the CRISPR/Cas9 system: state of the art and view to the future. Oncotarget 2016; 7:33461-71. [PMID: 26993776 PMCID: PMC5078110 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Although brain tumors have been known tremendously over the past decade, there are still many problems to be solved. The etiology of brain tumors is not well understood and the treatment remains modest. There is in great need to develop a suitable brain tumor models that faithfully mirror the etiology of human brain neoplasm and subsequently get more efficient therapeutic approaches for these disorders. In this review, we described the current status of animal models of brain tumors and analyzed their advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, prokaryotic clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9), a versatile genome editing technology for investigating the functions of target genes, and its application were also introduced in our present work. We firstly proposed that brain tumor modeling could be well established via CRISPR/Cas9 techniques. And CRISPR/Cas9-mediated brain tumor modeling was likely to be more suitable for figuring out the pathogenesis of brain tumors, as CRISPR/Cas9 platform was a simple and more efficient biological toolbox for implementing mutagenesis of oncogenes or tumor suppressors that were closely linked with brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yuan Mao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Xiang Dai
- Public Health Sciences Division/Translational Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Hong-Hao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Zhao-Qian Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Lin Jin
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Electronic Information and Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Zhao L, Wang Y, Jiang L, He M, Bai X, Yu L, Wei M. MiR-302a/b/c/d cooperatively sensitizes breast cancer cells to adriamycin via suppressing P-glycoprotein(P-gp) by targeting MAP/ERK kinase kinase 1 (MEKK1). J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2016; 35:25. [PMID: 26842910 PMCID: PMC4738800 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-016-0300-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of individual microRNAs (miRNAs) in tumor has been established in different cancers. However, their association with tumor chemoresistance has not been fully understood. Previously, we found two novel MDR-associated microRNAs (miRNAs). In this report, we investigated the combined effects of miRNA gene cluster in chemoresistance of breast cancer. METHODS This study was performed in two different breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MCF-7/ADR). The levels of miRNAs and mRNA expression were determined by using Quantitative Real-Time PCR. Western blotting was used to detect the levels of protein molecules. Cell viability was assessed by MTS assay. Bioinformatics and Luciferase reporter assay was performed to examine miRNA binding to the 3'-UTR of target genes. RESULTS The miR-302S family including miR-302a, miR-302b, miR-302c, and miR-302d was significantly down-regulated in P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-overexpressing MCF-7/ADR cells. Overexpression of miR-302 increased intracellular accumulation of ADR and sensitized breast cancer cells to ADR. Most importantly, miR-302S produced stronger effects than each individual member alone. The four miRNAs cooperatively downregulate P-gp expression in regulating drug sensitivity. However, our results showed that the suppression of P-gp expression by miR-302 is not through typical miRNA-mediated mRNA degradation but at the level of protein and transcription. Further studies identified MAP/ERK kinase kinase 1 (MEKK1) as a direct and functional target of miR-302. miR-302 showed combinatorial effects on MKEE1 repression and MEKK1-mediated ERK pathway. The suppression of P-gp by miR-302 was reversed by MEKK1 overexpression. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that miR-302 cooperatively sensitizes breast cancer cells to adriamycin via suppressing P-glycoprotein by targeting MEKK1 of ERK pathway. miR-302 gene cluster may be a potential target for reversing P-gp-mediated chemoresistance in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang City, 110122, Liaoning, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang City, 110122, Liaoning, China.
| | - Longyang Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang City, 110122, Liaoning, China.
| | - Miao He
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang City, 110122, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xuefeng Bai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang City, 110122, Liaoning, China.
| | - Lifeng Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang City, 110122, Liaoning, China.
| | - Minjie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang City, 110122, Liaoning, China.
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Cheng MW, Wang LL, Hu GY. Expression of microRNA-218 and its clinicopathological and prognostic significance in human glioma cases. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 16:1839-43. [PMID: 25773834 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.5.1839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs are a class of noncoding RNAs which regulate multiple cellular processes during tumor development. The purpose of this report is to investigate the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of miR-218 in human gliomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS Quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) was conducted to detect the expression of miR-218 in primary normal human astrocytes, three glioma cell lines and 98 paired glioma and adjacent normal brain tissues.Associations of miR-218 with clinicopathological variables of glioma patients were statistically analyzed. Finally, a survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox's proportional hazards model. RESULTS The expression level of miR-218 in primary normal human astrocytes was significantly higher than that in glioma cell lines (p<0.01). Also, the expression level of miR-218 in glioma tissues was significantly downregulated in comparison with that in the adjacent normal brain tissues (p<0.001). Statistical analyses demonstrated that low miR-218 expression was closely associated with advanced WHO grade (p=0.002) and low Karnofsky performance score (p=0.010) of glioma patients. Kaplan-Meier analysis with the log-rank test showed that patients with low-miR-218 expression had poorer disease-free survival and overall survival (p=0.0045 and 0.0124, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that miR-218 expression was independently associated with the disease-free survival (p=0.009) and overall survival (p=0.004) of glioma patients. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that miR-218 is downregulated in gliomas and that its status might be a potential valuable biomarker for glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Wei Cheng
- College of Command Information System, PLA University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, PR China E-mail :
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Li PL, Zhang X, Wang LL, Du LT, Yang YM, Li J, Wang CX. MicroRNA-218 is a prognostic indicator in colorectal cancer and enhances 5-fluorouracil-induced apoptosis by targeting BIRC5. Carcinogenesis 2015; 36:1484-93. [PMID: 26442524 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgv145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
One major reason for the failure of advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment is the occurrence of chemoresistance to fluoropyrimidine (FU)-based chemotherapy. Various reports showed that ectopic expression and function of microRNAs (miRNAs) played key roles to mediate apoptosis at the post-transcriptional level. To further explore the possible mechanisms, we evaluated the prognostic effect of miR-218 in patients with CRC receiving 5-FU-based treatment and investigated the proapoptotic role of miR-218 in vitro. Primary tumour specimens and adjacent non-tumour sites were used to determine miR-218 expression distribution and explore its potential prognostic value in response to 5-FU-based treatment in patients with CRC. HCT116 and HT29 cells were transfected with precursor miR-218 or negative control, followed by assays to investigate its influence on apoptosis, cell proliferation and pathways involved in molecular mechanisms of chemoresistance to 5-FU. Results showed that high miR-218 expression was associated with positive response to firstline 5-FU treatment in CRC patients. MiR-218 promoted apoptosis, inhibited cell proliferation and caused cell cycle arrest in CRC cells by suppressing BIRC5 expression. Furthermore, miR-218 enhanced 5-FU cytotoxicity in CRC cells by suppressing the 5-FU targeted enzyme, thymidylate synthase (TS). In conclusion, we demonstrated that high miR-218 expression had a positive prognostic value in 5-FU-based treatments for CRC patients and discovered a novel mechanism mediated by miR-218 to promote apoptosis and to function synergistically with 5-FU to promote chemosensitivity by suppressing BIRC5 and TS in CRC. These suggest the unique potential of miR-218 as a novel candidate for developing miR-218-based therapeutic strategies in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Long Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua West Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong province, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua West Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong province, China
| | - Li-Li Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua West Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong province, China
| | - Lu-Tao Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua West Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong province, China
| | - Yong-Mei Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua West Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong province, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua West Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong province, China
| | - Chuan-Xin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua West Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong province, China
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Safa AR, Saadatzadeh MR, Cohen-Gadol AA, Pollok KE, Bijangi-Vishehsaraei K. Emerging targets for glioblastoma stem cell therapy. J Biomed Res 2015; 30:19-31. [PMID: 26616589 PMCID: PMC4726830 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.30.20150100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), designated as World Health Organization (WHO) grade IV astrocytoma, is a lethal and therapy-resistant brain cancer comprised of several tumor cell subpopulations, including GBM stem cells (GSCs) which are believed to contribute to tumor recurrence following initial response to therapies. Emerging evidence demonstrates that GBM tumors are initiated from GSCs. The development and use of novel therapies including small molecule inhibitors of specific proteins in signaling pathways that regulate stemness, proliferation and migration of GSCs, immunotherapy, and non-coding microRNAs may provide better means of treating GBM. Identification and characterization of GSC-specific signaling pathways would be necessary to identify specific therapeutic targets which may lead to the development of more efficient therapies selectively targeting GSCs. Several signaling pathways including mTOR, AKT, maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK), NOTCH1 and Wnt/β-catenin as well as expression of cancer stem cell markers CD133, CD44, Oct4, Sox2, Nanog, and ALDH1A1 maintain GSC properties. Moreover, the data published in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) specifically demonstrated the activated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in GBM tumorigenesis. Studying such pathways may help to understand GSC biology and lead to the development of potential therapeutic interventions to render them more sensitive to chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Furthemore, recent demonstration of dedifferentiation of GBM cell lines into CSC-like cells prove that any successful therapeutic agent or combination of drugs for GBM therapy must eliminate not only GSCs, but the differentiated GBM cells and the entire bulk of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad R Safa
- Indiana University Simon Cancer Center.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology.
| | - Mohammad Reza Saadatzadeh
- Indiana University Simon Cancer Center.,Department of Neurosurgery, IU School of Medicine and Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine
| | - Aaron A Cohen-Gadol
- Department of Neurosurgery, IU School of Medicine and Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine
| | - Karen E Pollok
- Indiana University Simon Cancer Center.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology.,Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Park JK, Yang W, Katsnelson J, Lavker RM, Peng H. MicroRNAs Enhance Keratinocyte Proliferative Capacity in a Stem Cell-Enriched Epithelium. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134853. [PMID: 26248284 PMCID: PMC4527697 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are critical regulators of stem cell behavior. The miR-103/107 family is preferentially expressed in the stem cell-enriched corneal limbal epithelium and plays an important role in coordinating several intrinsic characteristics of limbal epithelial stem cells. To elucidate further the mechanisms by which miRs-103/107 function in regulating limbal epithelial stem cells, we investigate the global effects of miRs-103/107 on gene expression in an unbiased manner. Using antagomirs-103/107, we knocked down endogenous miRs-103/107 in keratinocytes and conducted an mRNA profiling study. We show that miRs-103/107 target mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 (MAP3K7) and thereby negatively regulate the p38/AP-1 pathway, which directs epithelial cells towards a differentiated state. Pharmacological inhibition of p38 increases holoclone colony formation, a measure of proliferative capacity. This suggests that the negative regulation of p38 by miRs-103/107 contributes to enhanced proliferative capacity, which is a hallmark of stem cells. Since miRs-103/107 also promote increased holoclone colony formation by regulating JNK activation through non-canonical Wnt signaling, we believe that this microRNA family preserves “stemness” by mediating the crosstalk between the Wnt/JNK and MAP3K7/p38/AP-1 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Kook Park
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Wending Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Julia Katsnelson
- Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Robert M. Lavker
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Han Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Hünten S, Kaller M, Drepper F, Oeljeklaus S, Bonfert T, Erhard F, Dueck A, Eichner N, Friedel CC, Meister G, Zimmer R, Warscheid B, Hermeking H. p53-Regulated Networks of Protein, mRNA, miRNA, and lncRNA Expression Revealed by Integrated Pulsed Stable Isotope Labeling With Amino Acids in Cell Culture (pSILAC) and Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) Analyses. Mol Cell Proteomics 2015; 14:2609-29. [PMID: 26183718 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.050237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We determined the effect of p53 activation on de novo protein synthesis using quantitative proteomics (pulsed stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture/pSILAC) in the colorectal cancer cell line SW480. This was combined with mRNA and noncoding RNA expression analyses by next generation sequencing (RNA-, miR-Seq). Furthermore, genome-wide DNA binding of p53 was analyzed by chromatin-immunoprecipitation (ChIP-Seq). Thereby, we identified differentially regulated proteins (542 up, 569 down), mRNAs (1258 up, 415 down), miRNAs (111 up, 95 down) and lncRNAs (270 up, 123 down). Changes in protein and mRNA expression levels showed a positive correlation (r = 0.50, p < 0.0001). In total, we detected 133 direct p53 target genes that were differentially expressed and displayed p53 occupancy in the vicinity of their promoter. More transcriptionally induced genes displayed occupied p53 binding sites (4.3% mRNAs, 7.2% miRNAs, 6.3% lncRNAs, 5.9% proteins) than repressed genes (2.4% mRNAs, 3.2% miRNAs, 0.8% lncRNAs, 1.9% proteins), suggesting indirect mechanisms of repression. Around 50% of the down-regulated proteins displayed seed-matching sequences of p53-induced miRNAs in the corresponding 3'-UTRs. Moreover, proteins repressed by p53 significantly overlapped with those previously shown to be repressed by miR-34a. We confirmed up-regulation of the novel direct p53 target genes LINC01021, MDFI, ST14 and miR-486 and showed that ectopic LINC01021 expression inhibits proliferation in SW480 cells. Furthermore, KLF12, HMGB1 and CIT mRNAs were confirmed as direct targets of the p53-induced miR-34a, miR-205 and miR-486-5p, respectively. In line with the loss of p53 function during tumor progression, elevated expression of KLF12, HMGB1 and CIT was detected in advanced stages of cancer. In conclusion, the integration of multiple omics methods allowed the comprehensive identification of direct and indirect effectors of p53 that provide new insights and leads into the mechanisms of p53-mediated tumor suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Hünten
- From the ‡Experimental and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Thalkirchner Straβe 36, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Kaller
- From the ‡Experimental and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Thalkirchner Straβe 36, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Friedel Drepper
- ‖Department of Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology and BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Silke Oeljeklaus
- ‖Department of Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology and BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Bonfert
- ‡‡Institute for Informatics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Erhard
- ‡‡Institute for Informatics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Anne Dueck
- §§Biochemistry Center Regensburg (BZR), Laboratory for RNA Biology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Norbert Eichner
- §§Biochemistry Center Regensburg (BZR), Laboratory for RNA Biology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Caroline C Friedel
- ‡‡Institute for Informatics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Gunter Meister
- §§Biochemistry Center Regensburg (BZR), Laboratory for RNA Biology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Zimmer
- ‡‡Institute for Informatics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Bettina Warscheid
- ‖Department of Biochemistry and Functional Proteomics, Faculty of Biology and BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; **Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Heiko Hermeking
- From the ‡Experimental and Molecular Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Thalkirchner Straβe 36, 80337 Munich, Germany; §German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany; ¶German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
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Weiß K, Antoniou A, Schratt G. Non-coding mechanisms of local mRNA translation in neuronal dendrites. Eur J Cell Biol 2015; 94:363-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2015.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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39
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Safa AR, Saadatzadeh MR, Cohen-Gadol AA, Pollok KE, Bijangi-Vishehsaraei K. Glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) epigenetic plasticity and interconversion between differentiated non-GSCs and GSCs. Genes Dis 2015; 2:152-163. [PMID: 26137500 PMCID: PMC4484766 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) or cancer initiating cells (CICs) maintain self-renewal and multilineage differentiation properties of various tumors, as well as the cellular heterogeneity consisting of several subpopulations within tumors. CSCs display the malignant phenotype, self-renewal ability, altered genomic stability, specific epigenetic signature, and most of the time can be phenotyped by cell surface markers (e.g., CD133, CD24, and CD44). Numerous studies support the concept that non-stem cancer cells (non-CSCs) are sensitive to cancer therapy while CSCs are relatively resistant to treatment. In glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs), there is clonal heterogeneity at the genetic level with distinct tumorigenic potential, and defined GSC marker expression resulting from clonal evolution which is likely to influence disease progression and response to treatment. Another level of complexity in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) tumors is the dynamic equilibrium between GSCs and differentiated non-GSCs, and the potential for non-GSCs to revert (dedifferentiate) to GSCs due to epigenetic alteration which confers phenotypic plasticity to the tumor cell population. Moreover, exposure of the differentiated GBM cells to therapeutic doses of temozolomide (TMZ) or ionizing radiation (IR) increases the GSC pool both in vitro and in vivo. This review describes various subtypes of GBM, discusses the evolution of CSC models and epigenetic plasticity, as well as interconversion between GSCs and differentiated non-GSCs, and offers strategies to potentially eliminate GSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad R. Safa
- Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Mohammad Reza Saadatzadeh
- Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, IU School of Medicine and Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Aaron A. Cohen-Gadol
- Department of Neurosurgery, IU School of Medicine and Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Karen E. Pollok
- Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Khadijeh Bijangi-Vishehsaraei
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Cao Q, Dong P, Wang Y, Zhang J, Shi X, Wang Y. miR-218 suppresses cardiac myxoma proliferation by targeting myocyte enhancer factor 2D. Oncol Rep 2015; 33:2606-12. [PMID: 25812649 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac myxoma is the most common type of human heart tumor, yet the molecular mechanism is still poorly understood. In the present study, we found that the level of myocyte enhancer factor 2D (MEF2D), a key regulatory protein for cardiac development, was elevated in specimens of cardiac myxoma, and was positively associated with the proliferation of myxoma cells. MEF2D suppression reduced the proliferation of myxoma cells and its tumorigenicity. Cell cycle progression was also inhibited by MEF2D suppression. miR-218, which is downregulated in myxoma, suppressed MEF2D expression by targeting its mRNA 3'UTR. Altogether, we found that miR-218/MEF2D may be an effective target for myxoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanxing Cao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Pingshuan Dong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Yanyu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Junwei Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Xinge Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
| | - Yongsheng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
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Mechanisms regulating glioma invasion. Cancer Lett 2015; 362:1-7. [PMID: 25796440 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive, deadliest, and most common brain malignancy in adults. Despite the advances made in surgical techniques, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the median survival for GBM patients has remained at a mere 14 months. GBM poses several unique challenges to currently available treatments for the disease. For example, GBM cells have the propensity to aggressively infiltrate/invade into the normal brain tissues and along the vascular tracks, which prevents complete resection of all malignant cells and limits the effect of localized radiotherapy while sparing normal tissue. Although anti-angiogenic treatment exerts anti-edematic effect in GBM, unfortunately, tumors progress with acquired increased invasiveness. Therefore, it is an important task to gain a deeper understanding of the intrinsic and post-treatment invasive phenotypes of GBM in hopes that the gained knowledge would lead to novel GBM treatments that are more effective and less toxic. This review will give an overview of some of the signaling pathways that have been shown to positively and negatively regulate GBM invasion, including, the PI3K/Akt, Wnt, sonic hedgehog-GLI1, and microRNAs. The review will also discuss several approaches to cancer therapies potentially altering GBM invasiveness.
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Thermo-chemotherapy Induced miR-218 upregulation inhibits the invasion of gastric cancer via targeting Gli2 and E-cadherin. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:5807-14. [PMID: 25694126 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3250-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermo-chemotherapy has been proven to reduce the invasion capability of cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this anti-invasion effect is still unclear. In this study, the role of thermo-chemotherapy in the inhibition of tumor invasion was studied. The results demonstrated that expression of miR-218 was downregulated in gastric cancer tissues, which had a positive correlation with tumor invasion and metastasis. In vitro thermo-chemotherapy increased miR-218 expression in SGC7901 cells and inhibited both proliferation and invasion of cancer cells. Gli2 was identified as a downstream target of miR-218, and its expression was negatively regulated by miR-218. The thermo-chemotherapy induced miR-218 upregulation was also accompanied by increasing of E-cadherin expression. In conclusion, the present study indicates that thermo-chemotherapy can effectively decrease the invasion capability of cancer cells and increase cell-cell adhesion. miR-218 and its downstream target Gli2, as well as E-cadherin, participate in the anti-invasion process.
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43
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Chan B, Manley J, Lee J, Singh SR. The emerging roles of microRNAs in cancer metabolism. Cancer Lett 2015; 356:301–8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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44
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Kim S, Rhee JK, Yoo HJ, Lee HJ, Lee EJ, Lee JW, Yu JH, Son BH, Gong G, Kim SB, Singh SR, Ahn SH, Chang S. Bioinformatic and metabolomic analysis reveals miR-155 regulates thiamine level in breast cancer. Cancer Lett 2014; 357:488-97. [PMID: 25484137 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.11.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
microRNA-155 (miR-155) is one of the well-known oncogenic miRNA implicated in various types of tumors. Thiamine, commonly known as vitamin B1, is one of critical cofactors for energy metabolic enzymes including pyruvate dehydrogenase, alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and transketolase. Here we report a novel role of miR-155 in cancer metabolism through the up-regulation of thiamine in breast cancer cells. A bioinformatic analysis of miRNA array and metabolite-profiling data from NCI-60 cancer cell panel revealed thiamine as a metabolite positively correlated with the miR-155 expression level. We confirmed it in MCF7, MDA-MB-436 and two human primary breast cancer cells by showing reduced thiamine levels upon a knock-down of miR-155. To understand how the miR-155 controls thiamine level, a set of key molecules for thiamine homeostasis were further analyzed after the knockdown of miR-155. The results showed the expression of two thiamine transporter genes (SLC19A2, SLC25A19) as well as thiamine pyrophosphokinase-1 (TPK1) were decreased in both RNA and protein level in miR-155 dependent manner. Finally, we confirm the finding by showing a positive correlation between miR-155 and thiamine level in 71 triple negative breast tumors. Taken altogether, our study demonstrates a role of miR-155 in thiamine homeostasis and suggests a function of this oncogenic miRNA on breast cancer metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Physiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | | | | | - Eun Ji Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Physiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shree Ram Singh
- Stem Cell Regulation and Animal Aging Section, Basic Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
| | | | - Suhwan Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Physiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.
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Gao X, Mi Y, Ma Y, Jin W. LEF1 regulates glioblastoma cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and cancer stem-like cell self-renewal. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:11505-11. [PMID: 25128061 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2466-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM; WHO grade IV) is one of the most common primary tumors of the central nervous system. This disease remains one of the incurable human malignancies because the molecular mechanism driving the GBM development and recurrence is still largely unknown. Here, we show that knockdown of lymphocyte enhancer factor-1 (LEF1), a major transcription factor of Wnt pathway, inhibits U251 cell migration, invasion, and proliferation. Furthermore, downregulation of LEF1 expression inhibits the self-renewal capacity of U251 GBM stem-like cells and decreases the expression level of the GBM stem-like cell (GSC) markers such as CD133 and nestin. Our findings reveal that LEF1 maintains the GBM cell proliferation, migration, and GBM stem-like cell self-renewal. Taken together, these results suggest that LEF1 may be a novel therapeutic target for GBM suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchun Gao
- Institute of Basic Medicine Science, Xi'an Medical University, 1 Xin Wang Road, Xi'an, 710021, China,
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