1
|
Nisco A, Tolomeo M, Scalise M, Zanier K, Barile M. Exploring the impact of flavin homeostasis on cancer cell metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189149. [PMID: 38971209 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Flavins and their associated proteins have recently emerged as compelling players in the landscape of cancer biology. Flavins, encompassing flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), serve as coenzymes in a multitude of cellular processes, such as metabolism, apoptosis, and cell proliferation. Their involvement in oxidative phosphorylation, redox homeostasis, and enzymatic reactions has long been recognized. However, recent research has unveiled an extended role for flavins in the context of cancer. In parallel, riboflavin transporters (RFVTs), FAD synthase (FADS), and riboflavin kinase (RFK) have gained prominence in cancer research. These proteins, responsible for riboflavin uptake, FAD biosynthesis, and FMN generation, are integral components of the cellular machinery that governs flavin homeostasis. Dysregulation in the expression/function of these proteins has been associated with various cancers, underscoring their potential as diagnostic markers, therapeutic targets, and key determinants of cancer cell behavior. This review embarks on a comprehensive exploration of the multifaceted role of flavins and of the flavoproteins involved in nucleus-mitochondria crosstalk in cancer. We journey through the influence of flavins on cancer cell energetics, the modulation of RFVTs in malignant transformation, the diagnostic and prognostic significance of FADS, and the implications of RFK in drug resistance and apoptosis. This review also underscores the potential of these molecules and processes as targets for novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, offering new avenues for the battle against this relentless disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Nisco
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy
| | - Maria Tolomeo
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Department of DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Mariafrancesca Scalise
- Department of DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia e Scienze della Terra), University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Katia Zanier
- Biotechnology and Cell Signaling (CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, UMR 7242), Ecole Superieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Maria Barile
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li J, Zhang X. Development of radiotracers for riboflavin transporter 3 imaging in diseases-A brief overview. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2024; 67:77-81. [PMID: 38131157 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.4076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Riboflavin (RF, vitamin B2) plays a key role in metabolic oxidation-reduction reactions, especially in the mitochondrial reprogramming of energy metabolism. Riboflavin transporter 3 (RFVT3) is a vital section of the mitochondrial network and involved in riboflavin homeostasis and production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The abnormal expression of RFVT3 is closely associated with the occurrence and progression of multiple diseases. Therefore, it is vital to understand the riboflavin internalization pathway under pathological conditions by addressing the abnormal expression of RFVT3, which could be a highly valuable biomarker for the early diagnosis and effective therapy of various diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jindian Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianzhong Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Theranostics and Translational Research Center, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Luo Y, Cao B, Zhong M, Liu M, Xiong X, Zou T. Organogold(III) Complexes Display Conditional Photoactivities: Evolving From Photodynamic into Photoactivated Chemotherapy in Response to O 2 Consumption for Robust Cancer Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202212689. [PMID: 36109339 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202212689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a spatiotemporally controllable, powerful approach in combating cancers but suffers from low activity under hypoxia, whereas photoactivated chemotherapy (PACT) operates in an O2 -independent manner but compromises the ability to harness O2 for potent photosensitization. Herein we report that cyclometalated gold(III)-alkyne complexes display a PDT-to-PACT evolving photoactivity for efficient cancer treatment. On the one hand, the gold(III) complexes can act as dual photosensitizers and substrates, leading to conditional PDT activity in oxygenated condition that progresses to highly efficient PACT (ϕ up to 0.63) when O2 is depleted in solution and under cellular environment. On the other hand, the conditional PDT-to-PACT reactivity can be triggered by external photosensitizers in a similar manner in vitro and in vivo, giving additional tumor-selectivity and/or deep tissue penetration by red-light irradiation that leads to robust anticancer efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunli Luo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Bei Cao
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, and General Education Division, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518172, P. R. China
| | - Mingjie Zhong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Moyi Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolin Xiong
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| | - Taotao Zou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li J, Valkenburgh JV, Fang J, Zhang D, Chen Y, Chen Q, Jia G, Chen AZ, Zhang X, Chen K. Development of a novel radiofluorinated riboflavin probe for riboflavin receptor-targeting PET imaging. Pharmacol Res 2022; 183:106395. [PMID: 35970328 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Riboflavin receptor 3 (RFVT3) is a key protein in energetic metabolism reprogramming and is overexpressed in multiple cancers involved in malignant proliferation, angiogenesis, chemotherapy resistance, and immunosuppression. To enable non-invasive real-time quantification of RFVT3 in tumors, we sought to develop a suitable PET probe that would allow specific and selective RFVT3 imaging in vivo. A novel radiofluorinated riboflavin probe (18F-RFTA) based on riboflavin was synthesized and characterized in terms of radiochemical purity, hydrophilicity, binding affinity, and stability. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of 18F-RFTA was performed in U87MG tumor-bearing mice. Immunohistochemistry staining was carried out to determine the expression of RFVT3 in U87MG tumors. 18F-RFTA was characterized by high radiochemical purity and RFVT3 binding affinity, and remarkable stability in vitro and in vivo. Small-animal PET imaging with 18F-RFTA revealed significantly higher uptake in RFVT3-expressing U87MG tumors than in muscle. In conclusion, we have developed the first radiofluorinated riboflavin-based PET probe that is suitable for imaging RFVT3-positive tumors. The new target/probe system can be leveraged for extensive use in the diagnosis and treatment of RFVT3 overexpressing diseases, such as oncologic, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jindian Li
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSC-135D, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA; Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Juno Van Valkenburgh
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSC-135D, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Jianyang Fang
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Deliang Zhang
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yingxi Chen
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Quan Chen
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSC-135D, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Guorong Jia
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSC-135D, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Austin Z Chen
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSC-135D, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Xianzhong Zhang
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSC-135D, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li M, Kong J, Wang L, Yan H, Liang W, Wang N, Zhao J. Defective expression of C20orf54 in esophageal dysplasia: a possible biomarker of esophageal carcinoma for early detection. World J Surg Oncol 2022; 20:155. [PMID: 35549728 PMCID: PMC9097070 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-022-02612-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND C20orf54 has been identified as an esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) susceptibility gene in previous genome-wide association studies. Here, we attempted to clarify the expression level of C20orf54 in ESCC, non-tumoral esophageal tissues, and esophageal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (ESIN). METHODS We assessed C20orf54 expression in 146 ESCC, 108 non-tumoral esophageal tissues, and 148 ESIN using immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays. We also evaluated the possible correlations of C20orf54 expression with clinicopathological characteristics. The survival rates were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. RESULTS C20orf54 expression was significantly lower in ESCC, high-grade ESIN, and low-grade ESIN than in the non-tumoral esophageal tissues. The level observed for ESCC was also significantly lower than that in low-grade ESIN and high-grade ESIN, whereas no difference was observed between high-grade ESIN and low-grade ESIN. Furthermore, the C20orf54 defective expression correlated significantly with differentiation, lymph node metastasis, and invasion depth. The overall survival time was inversely associated with lymph node metastasis, an advanced TNM stage (III + IV), and deeper invasion. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first evidence of C20orf54 defective expression in ESCC and precancerous lesions, demonstrating a potential role in tumor progression and metastasis. C20orf54 could be used as a potential biomarker for the early detection of ESCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man Li
- Department of Pathology, NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, China
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jing Kong
- Department of Oncology, Pingyi County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Pingyi, Shandong, China
| | - Lianghai Wang
- Department of Pathology, NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, China
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hongjuan Yan
- Department of Pathology, NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, China
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital to Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Weihua Liang
- Department of Pathology, NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Pathology, NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, China.
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of Pathology, NHC Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Central Asia High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832002, China.
- Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University School of Medicine, North 2 Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jin C, Yonezawa A. Recent advances in riboflavin transporter RFVT and its genetic disease. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 233:108023. [PMID: 34662687 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.108023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Riboflavin (vitamin B2) is essential for cellular growth and function. It is enzymatically converted to flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), which participate in the metabolic oxidation-reduction reactions of carbohydrates, amino acids, and lipids. Human riboflavin transporters RFVT1, RFVT2, and RFVT3 have been identified and characterized since 2008. They are highly specific transporters of riboflavin. RFVT3 has functional characteristics different from those of RFVT1 and RFVT2. RFVT3 contributes to absorption in the small intestine, reabsorption in the kidney, and transport to the fetus in the placenta, while RFVT2 mediates the tissue distribution of riboflavin from the blood. Several mutations in the SLC52A2 gene encoding RFVT2 and the SLC52A3 gene encoding RFVT3 were found in patients with a rare neurological disorder known as Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere syndrome. These patients commonly present with bulbar palsy, hearing loss, muscle weakness, and respiratory symptoms in infancy or later in childhood. A decrease in plasma riboflavin levels has been observed in several cases. Recent studies on knockout mice and patient-derived cells have advanced the understanding of these mechanisms. Here, we summarize novel findings on RFVT1-3 and their genetic diseases and discuss their potential as therapeutic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Congyun Jin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yonezawa
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Long L, Pang XX, Zeng FM, Zhan XH, Xie YH, Pan F, Wang W, Liao LD, Xu XE, Li B, Wang LD, Chang ZJ, Li EM, Xu LY. Promotion of rs3746804 (p. L267P) polymorphism to intracellular SLC52A3a trafficking and riboflavin transportation in esophageal cancer cells. Amino Acids 2021; 53:1197-1209. [PMID: 34223992 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-03025-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Riboflavin is an essential micronutrient for normal cellular growth and function. Lack of dietary riboflavin is associated with an increased risk for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Previous studies have identified that the human riboflavin transporter SLC52A3a isoform (encoded by SLC52A3) plays a prominent role in esophageal cancer cell riboflavin transportation. Furthermore, SLC52A3 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms rs3746804 (T>C, L267P) and rs3746803 (C >T, T278M) are associated with ESCC risk. However, whether SLC52A3a (p.L267P) and (p.T278M) act in riboflavin transportation in esophageal cancer cell remains inconclusive. Here, we constructed the full-length SLC52A3a protein fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP-SLC52A3a-WT and mutants L267P, T278M, and L267P/T278M). It was confirmed by immunofluorescence-based confocal microscopy that SLC52A3a-WT, L267P, T278M, and L267P/T278M expressed in cell membrane, as well as in a variety of intracellular punctate structures. The live cell confocal imaging showed that SLC52A3a-L267P and L267P/T278M increased the intracellular trafficking of SLC52A3a in ESCC cells. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching of GFP-tagged SLC52A3a meant that intracellular trafficking of SLC52A3a-L267P and L267P/T278M was rapid dynamics process, leading to its stronger ability to transport riboflavin. Taken together, the above results indicated that the rs3746804 (p.L267P) polymorphism promoted intracellular trafficking of SLC52A3a and riboflavin transportation in ESCC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Long
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Pang
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, Guangdong, China
| | - Fa-Min Zeng
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiu-Hui Zhan
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying-Hua Xie
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Feng Pan
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Lian-Di Liao
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiu-E Xu
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun, China
| | - Li-Dong Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory for Cancer Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - En-Min Li
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China.
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Alteration of Flavin Cofactor Homeostasis in Human Neuromuscular Pathologies. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2280:275-295. [PMID: 33751442 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1286-6_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this short review chapter is to provide a brief summary of the relevance of riboflavin (Rf or vitamin B2) and its derived cofactors flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) for human neuromuscular bioenergetics.Therefore, as a completion of this book we would like to summarize what kind of human pathologies could derive from genetic disturbances of Rf transport, flavin cofactor synthesis and delivery to nascent apoflavoproteins, as well as by alteration of vitamin recycling during protein turnover.
Collapse
|
9
|
Vieira de Castro J, S. Gonçalves C, P. Martins E, Miranda-Lorenzo I, T. Cerqueira M, Longatto-Filho A, A. Pinto A, L. Reis R, Sousa N, Heeschen C, M. Costa B. Intracellular Autofluorescence as a New Biomarker for Cancer Stem Cells in Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:828. [PMID: 33669350 PMCID: PMC7920313 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are implicated in tumor initiation, progression, therapy resistance, and relapse, is of great biological and clinical relevance. In glioblastoma (GBM), this is still a challenge, as no single marker is able to universally identify populations of GBM cancer stem cells (GSCs). Indeed, there is still controversy on whether biomarker-expressing cells fulfill the functional criteria of bona fide GSCs, despite being widely used. Here, we describe a novel subpopulation of autofluorescent (Fluo+) cells in GBM that bear all the functional characteristics of GSCs, including higher capacity to grow as neurospheres, long-term self-renewal ability, increased expression of stem cell markers, and enhanced in vivo tumorigenicity. Mechanistically, the autofluorescent phenotype is largely due to the intracellular accumulation of riboflavin, mediated by the ABC transporter ABCG2. In summary, our work identifies an intrinsic cellular autofluorescent phenotype enriched in GBM cells with functional stem cells features that can be used as a novel, simple and reliable biomarker to target these highly malignant tumors, with implications for GBM biological and clinical research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joana Vieira de Castro
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, Campus Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (J.V.d.C.); (C.S.G.); (E.P.M.); (A.L.-F.); (N.S.)
- ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057/4805-017 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; (M.T.C.); (R.L.R.)
| | - Céline S. Gonçalves
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, Campus Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (J.V.d.C.); (C.S.G.); (E.P.M.); (A.L.-F.); (N.S.)
- ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057/4805-017 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; (M.T.C.); (R.L.R.)
| | - Eduarda P. Martins
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, Campus Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (J.V.d.C.); (C.S.G.); (E.P.M.); (A.L.-F.); (N.S.)
- ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057/4805-017 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; (M.T.C.); (R.L.R.)
| | - Irene Miranda-Lorenzo
- Stem Cells and Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (I.M.-L.); (C.H.)
| | - Mariana T. Cerqueira
- ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057/4805-017 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; (M.T.C.); (R.L.R.)
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Portugal
| | - Adhemar Longatto-Filho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, Campus Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (J.V.d.C.); (C.S.G.); (E.P.M.); (A.L.-F.); (N.S.)
- ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057/4805-017 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; (M.T.C.); (R.L.R.)
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos 14784-400, Brazil
- Medical Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM) 14, Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Afonso A. Pinto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital de Braga, 4710-243 Braga, Portugal;
| | - Rui L. Reis
- ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057/4805-017 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; (M.T.C.); (R.L.R.)
- 3B’s Research Group, I3Bs—Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Barco, Portugal
| | - Nuno Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, Campus Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (J.V.d.C.); (C.S.G.); (E.P.M.); (A.L.-F.); (N.S.)
- ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057/4805-017 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; (M.T.C.); (R.L.R.)
| | - Christopher Heeschen
- Stem Cells and Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (I.M.-L.); (C.H.)
- Center for Single-Cell Omics & State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Bruno M. Costa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, Campus Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (J.V.d.C.); (C.S.G.); (E.P.M.); (A.L.-F.); (N.S.)
- ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057/4805-017 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal; (M.T.C.); (R.L.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang L, Han H, Dong L, Wang Z, Qin Y. Function of p21 and its therapeutic effects in esophageal cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 21:136. [PMID: 33552255 PMCID: PMC7798030 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is the eighth most common type of cancer worldwide and ranks sixth among the causes of cancer-related mortality. Due to the high mortality rate and poor treatment efficacy for EC, millions of individuals succumb to this disease; thus, the identification of novel treatment targets is of utmost importance and urgency. In recent years, there have been advances if therapies targeting cell cycle regulators. p21 is a type of cell cycle regulator that plays a dual role in tumor cells, as it can not only regulate the cell cycle, induce apoptosis and inhibit cell proliferation, but can also protect cells from apoptosis. It has been found that p21 often exerts a tumor-suppressive effect on EC, which provides a basis for its use as a treatment target for EC. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to review the function of p21 and its potential value as a therapeutic target for EC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Huiqiong Han
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Lin Dong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Zehua Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| | - Yanru Qin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Darguzyte M, Holm R, Baier J, Drude N, Schultze J, Koynov K, Schwiertz D, Dadfar SM, Lammers T, Barz M, Kiessling F. Influence of Riboflavin Targeting on Tumor Accumulation and Internalization of Peptostar Based Drug Delivery Systems. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:2691-2696. [PMID: 33237762 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Riboflavin carrier protein (RCP) and riboflavin transporters (RFVTs) have been reported to be highly overexpressed in various cancer cells. Hence, targeting RCP and RFVTs using riboflavin may enhance tumor accumulation and internalization of drug delivery systems. To test this hypothesis, butyl-based 3-arm peptostar polymers were synthesized consisting of a lysine core (10 units per arm) and a sarcosine shell (100 units per arm). The end groups of the arms and the core were successfully modified with riboflavin and the Cy5.5 fluorescent dye, respectively. While in phosphate buffered saline the functionalized peptostars showed a bimodal behavior and formed supramolecular structures over time, they were stable in the serum maintaining their hydrodynamic diameter of 12 nm. Moreover, the polymers were biocompatible and the uptake of riboflavin targeted peptostars in A431 and PC3 cells was higher than in nontargeted controls and could be blocked competitively. In vivo, the polymers showed a moderate passive tumor accumulation, which was not significantly different between targeted and nontargeted peptostars. Nonetheless, at the histological level, internalization into tumor cells was strongly enhanced for the riboflavin-targeted peptostars. Based on these results, we conclude that passive accumulation is dominating the accumulation of peptostars, while tumor cell internalization is strongly promoted by riboflavin targeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milita Darguzyte
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Hospital Aachen, Forckenbeckstrasse 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Regina Holm
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jasmin Baier
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Hospital Aachen, Forckenbeckstrasse 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Natascha Drude
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Hospital Aachen, Forckenbeckstrasse 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Jennifer Schultze
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Kaloian Koynov
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - David Schwiertz
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Seyed Mohammadali Dadfar
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Hospital Aachen, Forckenbeckstrasse 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Twan Lammers
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Hospital Aachen, Forckenbeckstrasse 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias Barz
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Fabian Kiessling
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Hospital Aachen, Forckenbeckstrasse 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany.,Fraunhofer MEVIS, Institute for Medical Image Computing, Forckenbeckstrasse 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Qu X, Cheng L, Zhao L, Qiu L, Guo W. Functional variation of SLC52A3 rs13042395 predicts survival of Chinese gastric cancer patients. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:12550-12559. [PMID: 32888389 PMCID: PMC7686988 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The solute carrier family 52 member 3 (SLC52A3) gene encodes riboflavin transporter protein which is essential to maintain mitochondrial function in cells. In our research, we found that SLC52A3 rs13042395 C > T variation was significantly associated with poor survival in a 926 Chinese gastric cancer (GCa) patients cohort (CC/CT genotype versus TT genotype, HR = 0.57, 95%CI (0.40‐0.82), log‐rank P = 0.015). The SLC52A3 rs13042395 C > T change led to its increased mRNA expression according to expression quantitative trait loci analysis (P = 0.0029). In vitro, it was revealed that rs13042395 C allele had higher binding affinity to inhibitory transcription factor Meis homeobox 1 (MEIS1) compared with T allele, knock‐down of MEIS1 could up‐regulate SLC52A3, and overexpression of SLC52A3 contributed to the increased ability of proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion in GCa cells. Subsequently, the bioinformatics analysis combined with experiments in vitro suggested that Gap junction protein alpha 1 (GJA1) was the downstream effector of SLC52A3, SLC52A3 may promote the GCa cells aggressiveness by down‐regulating the GJA1 expression. Overall, SLC52A3 genetic variant rs13042395 C > T change was associated with poorer survival in Chinese GCa patients and increased SLC52A3 expression by interaction with MEIS1. SLC52A3 promoted the GCa cells aggressiveness by down‐regulating the GJA1 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Qu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Cancer Institute, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqin Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixin Qiu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijian Guo
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yu X, Fan H, Jiang X, Zheng W, Yang Y, Jin M, Ma X, Jiang W. Apatinib induces apoptosis and autophagy via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways in neuroblastoma. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:52. [PMID: 32788939 PMCID: PMC7416412 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical outcome of neuroblastoma (NB) has significantly improved in the last 30 years for patients with localized disease; however, the overall survival (OS) for patients with metastasis remains poor. Apatinib, a selective inhibitor of the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) tyrosine kinase, which was discovered to be highly associated with metastasis, has been reported to exert antitumor effects in numerous types of cancer. However, the effect of apatinib in NB remains relatively unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the antitumor effects of apatinib in NB cells in vitro. The results revealed that apatinib inhibited cell viability and colony formation, whilst inducing cell cycle arrest and the apoptosis of NB cells. Additionally, apatinib inhibited the migration and invasion of NB cells, in addition to promoting the autophagy of NB cells. Western blotting demonstrated that the protein expression levels of phosphorylated (p)-AKT, p-mTOR and p-P70S6K, and downstream molecules associated with the cell cycle and apoptosis, such as cyclin D1 and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio of NB cells, were significantly decreased following treatment with apatinib. In addition, western blotting and immunofluorescence assays identified that the expression level of microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3-II, which is expressed in autophagosomes, was upregulated following apatinib treatment. In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggested that apatinib may induce apoptosis and autophagy via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK signaling pathways in NB cells. Thus, apatinib may be a potential antitumor agent for the clinical treatment of NB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiying Yu
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Hongjun Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Xingran Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Yanan Yang
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Mei Jin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoli Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, National Discipline of Pediatrics, Ministry of Education, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Hematology Oncology Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing 100045, P.R. China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Fan H, Yu X, Zou Z, Zheng W, Deng X, Guo L, Jiang W, Zhan Q, Lu SH. Metformin suppresses the esophageal carcinogenesis in rats treated with NMBzA through inhibiting AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway. Carcinogenesis 2020; 40:669-679. [PMID: 30445633 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metformin is a widely used antidiabetic drug for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recently, epidemiological studies demonstrate that metformin has anticancer effects on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and other cancers. However, the effects and potential mechanisms of metformin on ESCC remain elusive. In this study, we used N-nitroso-N-methylbenzylamine (NMBzA), a special carcinogen for esophagi, to develop a rat ESCC model, in which the carcinogenesis progression of ESCC in rat was induced and promoted. We investigated the effects of metformin on carcinogenesis of ESCC in this model. Our results revealed that metformin significantly decreased the incidence and precancerous lesions of ESCC and inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of esophageal epithelial cells in rat treated with NMBzA. Moreover, metformin also increased apoptosis and inhibited migration, colony formation and tumor sphere formation of human ESCC cells in vitro. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting showed that without interfering the metabolism of NMBzA, metformin inhibited the inflammation of esophagi via reducing the expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Treatment of metformin led to activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and attenuated signaling of the downstream molecules such as p-mTOR, p-p70S6K and cyclin D1 expression both in vivo and in vitro. Taken together, our study demonstrated that metformin suppressed the carcinogenesis of ESCC through inhibiting AMPK/mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, resulting in its chemopreventive effects on the carcinogenesis of ESCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Fan
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiying Yu
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhigeng Zou
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Deng
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Guo
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology
| | - Qimin Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Shih-Hsin Lu
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Darguzyte M, Drude N, Lammers T, Kiessling F. Riboflavin-Targeted Drug Delivery. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020295. [PMID: 32012715 PMCID: PMC7072493 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Active targeting can improve the retention of drugs and drug delivery systems in tumors, thereby enhancing their therapeutic efficacy. In this context, vitamin receptors that are overexpressed in many cancers are promising targets. In the last decade, attention and research were mainly centered on vitamin B9 (folate) targeting; however, the focus is slowly shifting towards vitamin B2 (riboflavin). Interestingly, while the riboflavin carrier protein was discovered in the 1960s, the three riboflavin transporters (RFVT 1-3) were only identified recently. It has been shown that riboflavin transporters and the riboflavin carrier protein are overexpressed in many tumor types, tumor stem cells, and the tumor neovasculature. Furthermore, a clinical study has demonstrated that tumor cells exhibit increased riboflavin metabolism as compared to normal cells. Moreover, riboflavin and its derivatives have been conjugated to ultrasmall iron oxide nanoparticles, polyethylene glycol polymers, dendrimers, and liposomes. These conjugates have shown a high affinity towards tumors in preclinical studies. This review article summarizes knowledge on RFVT expression in healthy and pathological tissues, discusses riboflavin internalization pathways, and provides an overview of RF-targeted diagnostics and therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milita Darguzyte
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Hospital Aachen, Forckenbeckstrasse 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (M.D.); (N.D.); (T.L.)
| | - Natascha Drude
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Hospital Aachen, Forckenbeckstrasse 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (M.D.); (N.D.); (T.L.)
| | - Twan Lammers
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Hospital Aachen, Forckenbeckstrasse 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (M.D.); (N.D.); (T.L.)
| | - Fabian Kiessling
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Hospital Aachen, Forckenbeckstrasse 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (M.D.); (N.D.); (T.L.)
- Fraunhofer MEVIS, Institute for Medical Image Computing, Forckenbeckstrasse 55, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bartmann L, Schumacher D, von Stillfried S, Sternkopf M, Alampour-Rajabi S, van Zandvoort MAMJ, Kiessling F, Wu Z. Evaluation of Riboflavin Transporters as Targets for Drug Delivery and Theranostics. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:79. [PMID: 30787877 PMCID: PMC6372557 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The retention and cellular internalization of drug delivery systems and theranostics for cancer therapy can be improved by targeting molecules. Since an increased uptake of riboflavin was reported for various cancers, riboflavin and its derivatives may be promising binding moieties to trigger internalization via the riboflavin transporters (RFVT) 1, 2, and 3. Riboflavin is a vitamin with pivotal role in energy metabolism and indispensable for cellular growth. In previous preclinical studies on mice, we showed the target-specific accumulation of riboflavin-functionalized nanocarriers in cancer cells. Although the uptake mechanism of riboflavin has been studied for over a decade, little is known about the riboflavin transporters and their expression on cancer cells, tumor stroma, and healthy tissues. Furthermore, evidence is lacking concerning the representativeness of the preclinical findings to the situation in humans. In this study, we investigated the expression pattern of riboflavin transporters in human squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), melanoma and luminal A breast cancer samples, as well as in healthy skin, breast, aorta, and kidney tissues. Low constitutive expression levels of RFVT1-3 were found on all healthy tissues, while RFVT2 and 3 were significantly overexpressed in melanoma, RFVT1 and 3 in luminal A breast cancer and RFVT1-3 in SCC. Correspondingly, the SCC cell line A431 was highly positive for all RFVTs, thus qualifying as suitable in vitro model. In contrast, activated endothelial cells (HUVEC) only presented with a strong expression of RFVT2, and HK2 kidney cells only with a low constitutive expression of RFVT1-3. Functional in vitro studies on A431 and HK2 cells using confocal microscopy showed that riboflavin uptake is mostly ATP dependent and primarily driven by endocytosis. Furthermore, riboflavin is partially trafficked to the mitochondria. Riboflavin uptake and trafficking was significantly higher in A431 than in healthy kidney cells. Thus, this manuscript supports the hypothesis that addressing the riboflavin internalization pathway may be highly valuable for tumor targeted drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Bartmann
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Clinic, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, University Clinic, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - David Schumacher
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, University Clinic, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Marieke Sternkopf
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, University Clinic, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Setareh Alampour-Rajabi
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, University Clinic, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marc A M J van Zandvoort
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, University Clinic, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Genetics and Molecular Cell Biology, School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Fabian Kiessling
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Clinic, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Zhuojun Wu
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, University Clinic, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, University Clinic, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Long L, Pang XX, Lei F, Zhang JS, Wang W, Liao LD, Xu XE, He JZ, Wu JY, Wu ZY, Wang LD, Lin DC, Li EM, Xu LY. SLC52A3 expression is activated by NF-κB p65/Rel-B and serves as a prognostic biomarker in esophageal cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:2643-2661. [PMID: 29428966 PMCID: PMC6003972 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2757-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The human riboflavin transporter-3 (encoded by SLC52A3) plays a prominent role in riboflavin absorption. Interestingly, abnormal expression patterns of SLC52A3 in multiple types of human cancers have been recently noted. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its dysregulation remain unclear. In this study, we find that SLC52A3 has two transcript variants that differ in the transcriptional start site, and encode different proteins: SLC52A3a and SLC52A3b. Importantly, aberrant expressions of SLC52A3 are associated with stepwise development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) as well as the survival rates of ESCC patients. Functionally, SLC52A3a, but not SLC52A3b, strongly promotes the proliferation and colony formation of ESCC cells. Furthermore, SLC52A3 5'-flanking regions contain NF-κB p65/Rel-B-binding sites, which are crucial for mediating SLC52A3 transcriptional activity in ESCC cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and electrophoretic mobility shift assay reveal that p65/Rel-B bind to 5'-flanking regions of SLC52A3. Accordingly, NF-κB signaling upregulates SLC52A3 transcription upon TNFα stimulation. Taken together, these results elucidate the mechanisms underlying SLC52A3 overexpression in ESCC. More importantly, our findings identify SLC52A3 as both a predictive and prognostic biomarker for this deadly cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Long
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Pang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Fei Lei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jia-Sheng Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Lian-Di Liao
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiu-E Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian-Zhong He
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Jian-Yi Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Wu
- Department of Oncology Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shantou, China
| | - Li-Dong Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research, Department of Basic Oncology and Pathology at College of Medicine, The First and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - De-Chen Lin
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Research Center of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - En-Min Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Long L, He JZ, Chen Y, Xu XE, Liao LD, Xie YM, Li EM, Xu LY. Riboflavin Depletion Promotes Tumorigenesis in HEK293T and NIH3T3 Cells by Sustaining Cell Proliferation and Regulating Cell Cycle-Related Gene Transcription. J Nutr 2018; 148:834-843. [PMID: 29741716 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Riboflavin is an essential component of the human diet and its derivative cofactors play an established role in oxidative metabolism. Riboflavin deficiency has been linked with various human diseases. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to identify whether riboflavin depletion promotes tumorigenesis. METHODS HEK293T and NIH3T3 cells were cultured in riboflavin-deficient or riboflavin-sufficient medium and passaged every 48 h. Cells were collected every 5 generations and plate colony formation assays were performed to observe cell proliferation. Subcutaneous tumorigenicity assays in NU/NU mice were used to observe tumorigenicity of riboflavin-depleted HEK293T cells. Mechanistically, gene expression profiling and gene ontology analysis were used to identify abnormally expressed genes induced by riboflavin depletion. Western blot analyses, cell cycle analyses, and chromatin immunoprecipitation were used to validate the expression of cell cycle-related genes. RESULTS Plate colony formation of NIH3T3 and HEK293T cell lines was enhanced >2-fold when cultured in riboflavin-deficient medium for 10-20 generations. Moreover, we observed enhanced subcutaneous tumorigenicity in NU/NU mice following injection of riboflavin-depleted compared with normal HEK293T cells (55.6% compared with 0.0% tumor formation, respectively). Gene expression profiling and gene ontology analysis revealed that riboflavin depletion induced the expression of cell cycle-related genes. Validation experiments also found that riboflavin depletion decreased p21 and p27 protein levels by ∼20%, and increased cell cycle-related and expression-elevated protein in tumor (CREPT) protein expression >2-fold, resulting in cyclin D1 and CDK4 levels being increased ∼1.5-fold, and cell cycle acceleration. We also observed that riboflavin depletion decreased intracellular riboflavin levels by 20% and upregulated expression of riboflavin transporter genes, particularly SLC52A3, and that the changes in CREPT and SLC52A3 correlated with specific epigenetic changes in their promoters in riboflavin-depleted HEK293T cells. CONCLUSION Riboflavin depletion contributes to HEK293T and NIH3T3 cell tumorigenesis and may be a risk factor for tumor development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Long
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Jian-Zhong He
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology
| | - Ye Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology
| | - Xiu-E Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology
| | - Lian-Di Liao
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology
| | - Yang-Min Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area
- Experimental Animal Center, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - En-Min Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu W, He JZ, Wang SH, Liu DK, Bai XF, Xu XE, Wu JY, Jiang Y, Li CQ, Chen LQ, Li EM, Xu LY. MASAN: a novel staging system for prognosis of patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Br J Cancer 2018; 118:1476-1484. [PMID: 29765149 PMCID: PMC5988697 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-018-0094-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most malignant cancers worldwide. Treatment of ESCC is in progress through accurate staging and risk assessment of patients. The emergence of potential molecular markers inspired us to construct novel staging systems with better accuracy by incorporating molecular markers. METHODS We measured H scores of 23 protein markers and analysed eight clinical factors of 77 ESCC patients in a training set, from which we identified an optimal MASAN (MYC, ANO1, SLC52A3, Age and N-stage) signature. We constructed MASAN models using Cox PH models, and created MASAN-staging systems based on k-means clustering and minimum-distance classifier. MASAN was validated in a test set (n = 77) and an independent validation set (n = 150). RESULTS MASAN possessed high predictive accuracies and stratified ESCC patients into three prognostic groups that were more accurate than the current pTNM-staging system for both overall survival and disease-free survival. To facilitate clinical utilisation, we also constructed MASAN-SI staging systems based on staining indices (SI) of protein markers, which possessed similar prognostic performance as MASAN. CONCLUSION MASAN provides a good alternative staging system for ESCC prognosis with a high precision using a simple model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- Department of Mathematics, Heilongjiang Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150050, China
| | - Jian-Zhong He
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Shao-Hong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - De-Kai Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Xue-Feng Bai
- Department of Medical Informatics, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Xiu-E Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Jian-Yi Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- Department of Medical Informatics, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Chun-Quan Li
- Department of Medical Informatics, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Long-Qi Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - En-Min Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 515041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
BRD7 inhibits the Warburg effect and tumor progression through inactivation of HIF1α/LDHA axis in breast cancer. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:519. [PMID: 29725006 PMCID: PMC5938698 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0536-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The bromodomain-containing protein 7 (BRD7) was first identified as a tumor suppressor in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and has critical roles in cancer development and progression. However, the regulatory roles and mechanisms of BRD7 in cancer metabolism are still unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that BRD7 was lowly expressed in breast cancer tissues and was identified as a poor prognostic factor in breast cancer. Meanwhile, BRD7 could suppress cell proliferation, initiate cell apoptosis and reduce aerobic glycolysis, suggesting that BRD7 plays a tumor suppressive roles in breast cancer. Mechanistically, BRD7 could negatively regulate a critical glycolytic enzyme LDHA through directly interaction with its upstream transcription factor, HIF1α, facilitating degradation of HIF1α mediated by ubiquitin–proteasome pathway. Moreover, restoring the expression of LDHA in breast cancer cells could reverse the effect of BRD7 on aerobic glycolysis, cell proliferation, and tumor formation, as well as the expression of cell cycle and apopotosis related molecules such as cyclin D1, CDK4, P21, and c-PARP both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, these results indicate that BRD7 acts as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer and represses the glycolysis and tumor progression through inactivation of HIF1α/LDHA transcription axis.
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhou Y, Shen JK, Yu Z, Hornicek FJ, Kan Q, Duan Z. Expression and therapeutic implications of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) in osteosarcoma. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:1573-1582. [PMID: 29452249 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression and/or hyperactivation of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) has been found in many types of human cancers, and a CDK4 specific inhibitor, palbociclib, has been recently approved by the FDA for the treatment of breast cancer. However, the expression and the therapeutic potential of CDK4 in osteosarcoma remain unclear. In the present study, CDK4 was found to be highly expressed in human osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines as compared with normal human osteoblasts. Elevated CDK4 expression correlated with metastasis potential and poor prognosis in osteosarcoma patients as determined by immunohistochemical analysis in a human osteosarcoma tissue microarray (TMA). CDK4 inhibition by either palbociclib or specific small interference RNA (siRNA) exhibited dose-dependent inhibition of osteosarcoma cell proliferation and growth, accompanied by suppression of the CDK4/6-cyclinD-Rb signaling pathway. Flow cytometry analysis showed that CDK4 knockdown arrested osteosarcoma cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and induced cell apoptosis. Furthermore, inhibition of CDK4 significantly decreased osteosarcoma cell migration in vitro determined by the wound healing assay. These data highlight that CDK4 may be a potential promising therapeutic target in the treatment of human osteosarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yubing Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, People's Republic of China; Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, UCLA Orthopaedic Surgery, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jacson K Shen
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, UCLA Orthopaedic Surgery, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zujiang Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Francis J Hornicek
- Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, UCLA Orthopaedic Surgery, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Quancheng Kan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhenfeng Duan
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, People's Republic of China; Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, UCLA Orthopaedic Surgery, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Overexpression of riboflavin transporter 2 contributes toward progression and invasion of glioma. Neuroreport 2018; 27:1167-73. [PMID: 27584688 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000000674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Human riboflavin transporter 2 (RFT2) encoded by the SLC52A3 gene is a member of the SLC52 family that has been shown to play a key role in riboflavin homeostasis. Recently, a number of studies have shown that RFT2 is important in the development of several cancers, including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, gastric cancer, and cervical cancer. However, its expression and function in glioma have not yet been explored. In this study, we found that RFT2 was overexpressed in glioma samples compared with normal brain tissue. Furthermore, RFT2 expression was correlated with WHO grade (P<0.001). Silencing of RFT2 resulted in inhibition of glioma cell proliferation through promotion of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Expression of proteins known to regulate cell cycle or apoptosis including p21, p27, BCL-2, and BAX was notably altered in RFT2-depleted cells. Furthermore, silencing of RFT2 impeded the migration and invasion of glioma cells through suppression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression. In addition to blocking cell proliferation in vitro, reduction of RFT2 levels also decreased tumor growth in vivo. These data suggest that RFT2 could be an attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of glioma.
Collapse
|
23
|
Mitochondrial calcium uniporter as a target of microRNA-340 and promoter of metastasis via enhancing the Warburg effect. Oncotarget 2017; 8:83831-83844. [PMID: 29137386 PMCID: PMC5663558 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A shift from oxygen phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis was known as the Warburg effect and a characteristic of cancer cell metabolism facilitating metastasis. Mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU), a key ion channel that mediates Ca2+ uptake into mitochondria, was found to promote cancer progression and metastasis. However, its explicit role in shifting metabolism of breast cancer cells has not been defined. Methods We evaluated MCU overexpression or knock-down on migration, invasion and glucose metabolismin breast cancer cells. Mitochondrial Ca2+ dynamics were monitored with Rhod-2 fluorescence imaging. Luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm the interaction between miR-340 and 3’-untranslated region (3’-UTR) of MCU gene. Mouse models of lung metastasis were used to determine whether gain-/loss-of-MCU impacts metastasis. MCU expression was assessed in 60 tumor samples from breast cancer patients by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results Knockdown of MCU in MDA-MB-231 cells significantly reduced cell migration and invasion in vitro and lung metastasis in vivo; whereas overexpression of MCU in MCF-7 cells significantly increased migration and invasion in vitro and lung metastasis in vivo. Overexpression of MCU promoted lung metastasis by enhancing glycolysis, whereas suppression of MCU abolished this effect. Moreover, a novel mechanism was identified that MCU was a direct target of microRNA-340, which suppressed breast cancer cell motility by inhibiting glycolysis. Consistently, significantly increased MCU protein was found in metastatic breast cancer patients. Conclusions We identified a novel mechanism that upregulated MCU promotes breast cancer metastasis via enhancing glycolysis, and that this process is posttranscriptionally and negatively regulated by microRNA-340.
Collapse
|
24
|
The superfamily keeps growing: Identification in trypanosomatids of RibJ, the first riboflavin transporter family in protists. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005513. [PMID: 28406895 PMCID: PMC5404878 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Trypanosomatid parasites represent a major health issue affecting hundreds of million people worldwide, with clinical treatments that are partially effective and/or very toxic. They are responsible for serious human and plant diseases including Trypanosoma cruzi (Chagas disease), Trypanosoma brucei (Sleeping sickness), Leishmania spp. (Leishmaniasis), and Phytomonas spp. (phytoparasites). Both, animals and trypanosomatids lack the biosynthetic riboflavin (vitamin B2) pathway, the vital precursor of flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) cofactors. While metazoans obtain riboflavin from the diet through RFVT/SLC52 transporters, the riboflavin transport mechanisms in trypanosomatids still remain unknown. Methodology/Principal findings Here, we show that riboflavin is imported with high affinity in Trypanosoma cruzi, Trypanosoma brucei, Leishmania (Leishmania) mexicana, Crithidia fasciculata and Phytomonas Jma using radiolabeled riboflavin transport assays. The vitamin is incorporated through a saturable carrier-mediated process. Effective competitive uptake occurs with riboflavin analogs roseoflavin, lumiflavin and lumichrome, and co-factor derivatives FMN and FAD. Moreover, important biological processes evaluated in T. cruzi (i.e. proliferation, metacyclogenesis and amastigote replication) are dependent on riboflavin availability. In addition, the riboflavin competitive analogs were found to interfere with parasite physiology on riboflavin-dependent processes. By means of bioinformatics analyses we identified a novel family of riboflavin transporters (RibJ) in trypanosomatids. Two RibJ members, TcRibJ and TbRibJ from T. cruzi and T. brucei respectively, were functionally characterized using homologous and/or heterologous expression systems. Conclusions/Significance The RibJ family represents the first riboflavin transporters found in protists and the third eukaryotic family known to date. The essentiality of riboflavin for trypanosomatids, and the structural/biochemical differences that RFVT/SLC52 and RibJ present, make the riboflavin transporter -and its downstream metabolism- a potential trypanocidal drug target. In this work, we show that riboflavin plays a key role in the trypanosomatid life cycles and describe a novel family of riboflavin transporters (RibJ) with uptake function. Despite the vital importance of riboflavin for all living cells, RibJ are the first transporters described in protists. We functionally characterized the T. cruzi and T. brucei RibJ members and the effect of riboflavin analogs on parasite physiology. The structural and biochemical differences presented between human transporters and RibJ members make riboflavin transport and downstream metabolism, attractive and potential trypanosomatid targets.
Collapse
|
25
|
Chen W, Hu H, Zhang C, Huang F, Zhang D, Zhang H. Adaptation response of Pseudomonas fragi on refrigerated solid matrix to a moderate electric field. BMC Microbiol 2017; 17:32. [PMID: 28187702 PMCID: PMC5303209 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-017-0945-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moderate electric field (MEF) technology is a promising food preservation strategy since it relies on physical properties-rather than chemical additives-to preserve solid cellular foods during storage. However, the effectiveness of long-term MEF exposure on the psychrotrophic microorganisms responsible for the food spoilage at cool temperatures remains unclear. RESULTS The spoilage-associated psychrotroph Pseudomonas fragi MC16 was obtained from pork samples stored at 7 °C. Continuous MEF treatment attenuated growth and resulted in subsequent adaptation of M16 cultured on nutrient agar plates at 7 °C, compared to the control cultures, as determined by biomass analysis and plating procedures. Moreover, intracellular dehydrogenase activity and ATP levels also indicated an initial effect of MEF treatment followed by cellular recovery, and extracellular β-galactosidase activity assays indicated no obvious changes in cell membrane permeability. Furthermore, microscopic observations using scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed that MEF induced sublethal cellular injury during early treatment stages, but no notable changes in morphology or cytology on subsequent days. CONCLUSION Our study provides direct evidence that psychrotrophic P. fragi MC16 cultured on nutrient agar plates at 7 °C are capable of adapting to MEF treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Chen
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of China
- College of Staple Food Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Harbin, 151900 People’s Republic of China
| | - Honghai Hu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of China
- College of Staple Food Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Harbin, 151900 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunjiang Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of China
- College of Staple Food Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Harbin, 151900 People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Huang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of China
- College of Staple Food Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Harbin, 151900 People’s Republic of China
| | - Dequan Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193 People’s Republic of China
- College of Staple Food Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Harbin, 151900 People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Li SS, Xu YW, Wu JY, Tan HZ, Wu ZY, Xue YJ, Zhang JJ, Li EM, Xu LY. Plasma Riboflavin Level is Associated with Risk, Relapse, and Survival of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Nutr Cancer 2017; 69:21-28. [PMID: 27898225 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2017.1247890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Riboflavin is an essential micronutrient for normal cellular activity, and deficiency may result in disease, such as cancer. We performed a case-control study to explore the association of riboflavin levels with risk and prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Plasma riboflavin levels, as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), in ESCC patients were significantly lower than in those of healthy controls (7.04 ± 6.34 ng/ml vs. 9.32 ± 12.40 ng/ml; P < 0.05). Moreover, there was an inverse relationship between riboflavin level and risk of ESCC (odds ratio (OR) = 0.97, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.95-0.99, P = 0.02). The 5-year relapse-free and overall survival rates were significantly lower when riboflavin levels were ≤0.8 ng/ml than >0.8 ng/ml (relapse-free survival rate: 29.4% vs. 54.8%; overall survival rate: 28.6% vs. 55.6%). Plasma riboflavin level was an independent protective factor for both relapse-free (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.325, 95% CI = 0.161-0.657, P = 0.002) and overall survival of ESCC patients (HR = 0.382, 95% CI = 0.190-0.768, P = 0.007). In conclusion, plasma riboflavin levels are significantly related to risk and prognosis of ESCC patients, suggesting that moderate supplementation of riboflavin will decrease risk and prevent recurrence of ESCC and also improve prognosis of ESCC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Li
- a Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , China
- b Department of Public Health , Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , China
- c Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , China
| | - Yi-Wei Xu
- a Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , China
- c Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , China
- d Department of Clinical Laboratory , the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , China
| | - Jian-Yi Wu
- a Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , China
- c Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , China
| | - Hua-Zhen Tan
- a Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , China
- b Department of Public Health , Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , China
- c Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , China
| | - Zhi-Yong Wu
- e Department of Oncologic Surgery , Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University , Shantou , China
| | - Yu-Jie Xue
- a Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , China
- f Department of Pathology , Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , China
| | - Jian-Jun Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , China
- b Department of Public Health , Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , China
| | - En-Min Li
- a Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , China
- c Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , China
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- a Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , China
- f Department of Pathology , Shantou University Medical College , Shantou , China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Li J, Wang S, Li M, Xu H, Li D, Yin C, Zhao J, Li F. Decreased risk of developing cancer in subjects carrying SLC52A3 rs13042395 polymorphism: proof from a meta-analysis. Biomark Med 2016; 10:1105-1118. [PMID: 27600099 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2016-0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to explore the association between SLC52A3 rs13042395 polymorphism and cancer risk. MATERIALS & METHODS A comprehensive literature search was performed to confirm the relationship evaluated using STATA 12.0 software. RESULTS Overall, SLC52A3 rs13042395 C>T polymorphism was associated with cancer risk in two genetic models (TT vs CC: odds ratio: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.80-0.93; p < 0.001, TT vs CC + CT: odds ratio: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.82-0.95; p = 0.001). Significant associations were found between SLC52A3 rs13042395 polymorphism and decreased cancer risk among esophageal cancer, Asians, female, normal BMI and old age groups. No significant associations were observed in alcohol and smoking groups. CONCLUSION SLC52A3 rs13042395 C>T polymorphism might be a potential biomarker for cancer susceptibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine & The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, China
| | - Shilong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine & The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine & The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, China
| | - Can Yin
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine & The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine & The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Pathology, Shihezi University School of Medicine & The First Affiliated Hospital, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832002, China.,Department of Pathology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100000, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Tan HZ, Wu ZY, Wu JY, Long L, Jiao JW, Peng YH, Xu YW, Li SS, Wang W, Zhang JJ, Li EM, Xu LY. Single nucleotide polymorphism rs13042395 in the SLC52A3 gene as a biomarker for regional lymph node metastasis and relapse-free survival of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:560. [PMID: 27472962 PMCID: PMC4966773 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2588-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SLC52A3 was recently identified as a susceptibility gene for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, associations between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs13042395 (C > T) and rs3746803 (G > A) in SLC52A3 and risk, tumor characteristics and survival of ESCC patients remain inconclusive and of unknown prognostic significance. METHODS Analyses of the association between SNPs in SLC52A3 and ESCC risk were performed on 479 ESCC cases, together with 479 controls, in a case-control study. Blood samples for cases and controls were collected and genotyped by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using TaqMan assays. Among the 479 ESCC cases, 343 cases with complete clinical data were used to investigate the association between SNPs and ESCC clinical characteristics; 288 cases with complete clinical data and 5-year follow-up data were used to analyze the association between SNPs and prognosis. Dual luciferase reporter assays and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) were used to investigate the biological function of rs13042395. RESULTS No association was found between SLC52A3 rs3746803 and susceptibility, tumor characteristics or survival of ESCC patients. For rs13042395, TT genotype carriers were likely to have reduced lymph node metastasis (odds ratio (OR) = 0.55, 95 % confidence interval (CI), 0.31-0.98) and longer relapse-free survival time (P = 0.03) . Also, both rs13042395 (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.62, 95 % CI, 0.38-0.99) and regional lymph node metastasis (HR = 2.06, 95 % CI, 1.36-3.13 for N1 vs. N0; HR = 2.88, 95 % CI, 1.70-4.86 for N2 vs. N0; HR = 2.08, 95 % CI, 1.01-4.30 for N3 vs. N0) were independent factors affecting relapse-free survival for ESCC patients who underwent surgery. Dual luciferase reporter assays and EMSAs suggested that the CC genotype of rs13042395 enhanced SLC52A3 expression, probably via binding with specific transcription factors. CONCLUSIONS The rs13042395 polymorphism in SLC52A3 is associated with regional lymph node metastasis and relapse-free survival in ESCC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Zhen Tan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041 China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041 China
| | - Zhi-Yong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041 China
- Department of Oncologic Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital, Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shantou, 515041 China
| | - Jian-Yi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041 China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041 China
| | - Lin Long
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041 China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041 China
| | - Ji-Wei Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041 China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041 China
| | - Yu-Hui Peng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041 China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No.7, Raoping Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041 China
| | - Yi-Wei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041 China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041 China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, No.7, Raoping Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515041 China
| | - Shan-Shan Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041 China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041 China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041 China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041 China
| | - Jian-Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041 China
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041 China
| | - En-Min Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041 China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041 China
| | - Li-Yan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041 China
- Institute of Oncologic Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Road, Shantou, 515041 China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Disruption of Slc52a3 gene causes neonatal lethality with riboflavin deficiency in mice. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27557. [PMID: 27272163 PMCID: PMC4897618 DOI: 10.1038/srep27557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Homeostasis of riboflavin should be maintained by transporters. Previous in vitro studies have elucidated basic information about riboflavin transporter RFVT3 encoded by SLC52A3 gene. However, the contribution of RFVT3 to the maintenance of riboflavin homeostasis and the significance in vivo remain unclear. Here, we investigated the physiological role of RFVT3 using Slc52a3 knockout (Slc52a3−/−) mice. Most Slc52a3−/− mice died with hyperlipidemia and hypoglycemia within 48 hr after birth. The plasma and tissue riboflavin concentrations in Slc52a3−/− mice at postnatal day 0 were dramatically lower than those in wild-type (WT) littermates. Slc52a3−/− fetuses showed a lower capacity of placental riboflavin transport compared with WT fetuses. Riboflavin supplement during pregnancy and after birth reduced neonatal death and metabolic disorders. To our knowledge, this is the first report to indicate that Rfvt3 contributes to placental riboflavin transport, and that disruption of Slc52a3 gene caused neonatal mortality with hyperlipidemia and hypoglycemia owing to riboflavin deficiency.
Collapse
|