1
|
Slipsager A, Henrichsen SN, Falkmer UG, Dybkær K, Belting M, Poulsen LØ. Predictive biomarkers in radioresistant rectal cancer: a systematic review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2023; 186:103991. [PMID: 37059272 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.103991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer often consists of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery. However, approximately 15% of patients show no response to this neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. This systematic review aimed to identify biomarkers of innate radioresistant rectal cancer. METHOD Through a systematic literature search, 125 papers were included and analyzed using ROBINS-I, a Cochrane risk of bias tool for non-randomized studies of interventions. Both statistically significant and nonsignificant biomarkers were identified. Biomarkers mentioned more than once in the results or biomarkers with a low or moderate risk of bias were included as the final results. RESULTS Thirteen unique biomarkers, three genetic signatures, one specific pathway, and two combinations of two or four biomarkers were identified. In particular, the connection between HMGCS2, COASY, and PI3K-pathway seems promising. Future scientific research should focus on further validating these genetic resistance markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Slipsager
- Department of Oncology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Sofie N Henrichsen
- Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Ursula G Falkmer
- Department of Oncology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Karen Dybkær
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Hematology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Mattias Belting
- Department of Immunology Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Laurids Ø Poulsen
- Department of Oncology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Clinical Cancer Research Center, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rocha JD, Uribe D, Delgado J, Niechi I, Alarcón S, Erices JI, Melo R, Fernández-Gajardo R, Salazar-Onfray F, San Martín R, Quezada Monrás C. A 2B Adenosine Receptor Enhances Chemoresistance of Glioblastoma Stem-Like Cells under Hypoxia: New Insights into MRP3 Transporter Function. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169022. [PMID: 36012307 PMCID: PMC9409164 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor, characterized by its high chemoresistance and the presence of a cell subpopulation that persists under hypoxic niches, called glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs). The chemoresistance of GSCs is mediated in part by adenosine signaling and ABC transporters, which extrude drugs outside the cell, such as the multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRPs) subfamily. Adenosine promotes MRP1-dependent chemoresistance under normoxia. However, adenosine/MRPs-dependent chemoresistance under hypoxia has not been studied until now. Transcript and protein levels were determined by RT-qPCR and Western blot, respectively. MRP extrusion capacity was determined by intracellular 5 (6)-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate (CFDA) accumulation. Cell viability was measured by MTS assays. Cell cycle and apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry. Here, we show for the first time that MRP3 expression is induced under hypoxia through the A2B adenosine receptor. Hypoxia enhances MRP-dependent extrusion capacity and the chemoresistance of GSCs. Meanwhile, MRP3 knockdown decreases GSC viability under hypoxia. Downregulation of the A2B receptor decreases MRP3 expression and chemosensibilizes GSCs treated with teniposide under hypoxia. These data suggest that hypoxia-dependent activation of A2B adenosine receptor promotes survival of GSCs through MRP3 induction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José-Dellis Rocha
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile
| | - Daniel Uribe
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile
| | - Javiera Delgado
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile
| | - Ignacio Niechi
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Sebastián Alarcón
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile
| | - José Ignacio Erices
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Rómulo Melo
- Servicio de Neurocirugía, Instituto de Neurocirugía Dr. Asenjo, Santiago 7500691, Chile
| | | | - Flavio Salazar-Onfray
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7500691, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7500691, Chile
| | - Rody San Martín
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile
| | - Claudia Quezada Monrás
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5110566, Chile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-63-2221332
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yuan T, Hu J, Zhu X, Yin H, Yin J. Oxidative stress-mediated up-regulation of ABC transporters in lung cancer cells. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23095. [PMID: 35478211 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
This paper aimed to evaluate the role of oxidative stress in the regulation of ABC transporters in human lung cancer (A549) cells facing substrate (doxorubicin, DOX) and non-substrate (ethanol, ETH and hydrogen peroxide, HP) chemicals. After 24-h treatment, all the chemicals caused significant cytotoxicity as reflected by the reduction in cell viability and the increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Depending on the rescuing effects of ROS scavenger including glutathione (GSH) and Vitamin C (VC), the toxicity dependence on oxidative stress were found to be HP>ETH>DOX. Addition of transporter inhibitors significantly enhanced the ROS levels and death-inducing effects of chemicals, indicating the universal detoxification function of ABC transporters. At moderate ROS levels (about 3-4 folds of control levels, caused by 10 μM DOX, 400 mM ETH, and 400 μM HP), all the three chemicals induced the gene expressions and activities of ABC transporters, but these values decreased at too high ROS levels (8.36 folds of control levels) caused by HP at LC50 (800 μM). Such induction could be attenuated by GSH and KCZ, and was completely abolished by 50 μM KCZ, indicating an important role of oxidative stress and pregnane X receptor (PXR) in the induction of ABC transporters. After all, this paper revealed a critical role of oxidative stress in the modulation of ABC transporters by either substrate or non-substrate chemicals during 24-h treatment. Such information should be beneficial for overcoming ABC transporter-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tongkuo Yuan
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215163, PR China.,CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215163, PR China.,Jinan Guo Ke Medical Technology Development Co., Ltd, Jinan, 250001, PR China
| | - Jia Hu
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, PR China
| | - Xiaoming Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau SAR, China
| | - Huancai Yin
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215163, PR China.,CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215163, PR China.,Jinan Guo Ke Medical Technology Development Co., Ltd, Jinan, 250001, PR China
| | - Jian Yin
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215163, PR China.,CAS Key Lab of Bio-Medical Diagnostics, Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215163, PR China.,Jinan Guo Ke Medical Technology Development Co., Ltd, Jinan, 250001, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li M, Xiao Q, Venkatachalam N, Hofheinz RD, Veldwijk MR, Herskind C, Ebert MP, Zhan T. Predicting response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer: from biomarkers to tumor models. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2022; 14:17588359221077972. [PMID: 35222695 PMCID: PMC8864271 DOI: 10.1177/17588359221077972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major contributor to cancer-associated morbidity worldwide and over one-third of CRC is located in the rectum. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) followed by surgical resection is commonly applied to treat locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). In this review, we summarize current and novel concepts of neoadjuvant therapy for LARC such as total neoadjuvant therapy and describe how these developments impact treatment response. Moreover, as response to nCRT is highly divergent in rectal cancers, we discuss the role of potential predictive biomarkers. We review recent advances in biomarker discovery, from a clinical as well as a histopathological and molecular perspective. Furthermore, the role of emerging predictive biomarkers derived from the tumor environment such as immune cell composition and gut microbiome is presented. Finally, we describe how different tumor models such as patient-derived cancer organoids are used to identify novel predictive biomarkers for chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in rectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moying Li
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg
University, Mannheim
| | - Qiyun Xiao
- Department of Medicine II, Mannheim University
Hospital, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim,
Germany
| | - Nachiyappan Venkatachalam
- Department of Medicine II, Mannheim University
Hospital, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim,
Germany
| | - Ralf-Dieter Hofheinz
- Department of Medicine III, Mannheim University
Hospital, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim,
GermanyMannheim Cancer Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg
University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Marlon R. Veldwijk
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mannheim
University Hospital, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University,
Mannheim, Germany
| | - Carsten Herskind
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mannheim
University Hospital, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University,
Mannheim, Germany
| | - Matthias P. Ebert
- Department of Medicine II, Mannheim University
Hospital, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim,
GermanyMannheim Cancer Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg
University, Mannheim, GermanyDKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute, University
Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Tianzuo Zhan
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Mannheim
University Hospital, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University,
Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, GermanyMannheim Cancer Center,
Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen W, Wang W. Serum hsa-miR-30e As a Potential Biomarker to Predict the Effect of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation Therapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2021; 25:696-706. [PMID: 34788143 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2020.0300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To identify serum microRNAs (miRNAs) correlated with response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (NCRT) in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients using in silico analysis and laboratory validation studies. Methods: GSE68204 and GSE68204 data sets were analyzed to identify differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs in NCRT responders using the GEO2R Limma package within the R software suite. Then we used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to detect the upregulated target miRNAs in the serum of 20 LARC patients. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the effect of serum miRNA level on response. Gene Ontology and pathway enrichment analyses were performed to predict the corresponding functions of the DE miRNAs. Correlation between the expression of the hub target genes and the abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes was further investigated. Results: hsa-miR-30e and hsa-miR-210 were verified to be upregulated in tumor tissues of NCRT responders. Subsequent liquid-biopsy studies revealed that the serum level of miR-30e was associated with a 2.47-fold increased incidence of NCRT-responsive patients in comparison with nonresponders (p-value = 0.038, Mann-Whitney test). Nine hub target genes of hsa-miR-30e were enriched in pathways including immune regulation. The expression of these hub target genes was correlated with abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. Conclusion: In summary, hsa-miR-30e was determined to be upregulated in rectal cancer tissues of NCRT-responders. Further investigations showed that increased serum levels of hsa-miR-30e were associated with an effective NCRT response in LARC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Chen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Abdominal Oncology, Guizhou Cancer Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Wenling Wang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Department of Abdominal Oncology, Guizhou Cancer Hospital, Guiyang, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nguyen L, Dobiasch S, Schneider G, Schmid RM, Azimzadeh O, Kanev K, Buschmann D, Pfaffl MW, Bartzsch S, Schmid TE, Schilling D, Combs SE. Impact of DNA repair and reactive oxygen species levels on radioresistance in pancreatic cancer. Radiother Oncol 2021; 159:265-276. [PMID: 33839203 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2021.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Radioresistance in pancreatic cancer patients remains a critical obstacle to overcome. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying radioresistance may achieve better response to radiotherapy and thereby improving the poor treatment outcome. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the mechanisms leading to radioresistance by detailed characterization of isogenic radioresistant and radiosensitive cell lines. METHODS The human pancreatic cancer cell lines, Panc-1 and MIA PaCa-2 were repeatedly exposed to radiation to generate radioresistant (RR) isogenic cell lines. The surviving cells were expanded, and their radiosensitivity was measured using colony formation assay. Tumor growth delay after irradiation was determined in a mouse pancreatic cancer xenograft model. Gene and protein expression were analyzed using RNA sequencing and Western blot, respectively. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis (Caspase 3/7) were measured by FACS analysis. Reactive oxygen species generation and DNA damage were analyzed by detection of CM-H2DCFDA and γH2AX staining, respectively. Transwell chamber assays were used to investigate cell migration and invasion. RESULTS The acquired radioresistance of RR cell lines was demonstrated in vitro and validated in vivo. Ingenuity pathway analysis of RNA sequencing data predicted activation of cell viability in both RR cell lines. RR cancer cell lines demonstrated greater DNA repair efficiency and lower basal and radiation-induced reactive oxygen species levels. Migration and invasion were differentially affected in RR cell lines. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that repeated exposure to irradiation increases the expression of genes involved in cell viability and thereby leads to radioresistance. Mechanistically, increased DNA repair capacity and reduced oxidative stress might contribute to the radioresistant phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lily Nguyen
- Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Germany
| | - Sophie Dobiasch
- Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Germany; Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Günter Schneider
- Department of Medicine II, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Germany; Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roland M Schmid
- Department of Medicine II, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Germany
| | - Omid Azimzadeh
- Institute of Radiation Biology (ISB), Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Kristiyan Kanev
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Dominik Buschmann
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Michael W Pfaffl
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Stefan Bartzsch
- Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Germany
| | - Thomas E Schmid
- Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Germany
| | - Daniela Schilling
- Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Germany
| | - Stephanie E Combs
- Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Germany; Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Lung adenocarcinoma is metastatic cancer with a high mortality rate. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a type of noncoding RNA and play a vital role in cancer progression. However, the expression and function of circRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma are still mostly unknown.
Methods
In this study, we screened the differential expression of circRNAs in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBE) and A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cell line (A549) by human circRNA microarray and RT-qPCR. The role of overexpressed circRNA_104889 in A549 cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion was studied extensively. Intracellular localization of circRNA_104889 was visualized by FISH assay. MiRNA sponging, ERK1/2 signaling, and caspase-3 expression were analyzed in siRNA-mediated circRNA_104889 knockdowned A549 cells.
Results
CircRNA microarray showed overexpression of circRNA_104889 (> 13-fold) in A459 cells compared to HBE. This finding was further corroborated by the RT-qPCR result. CircRNA_104889 was mainly localized in the cytoplasm of A549 cells. The knockdown of circRNA_104889 in A549 cells by si-RNA mediated RNA interference did not affect cell proliferation and apoptosis but significantly inhibited cell migration and invasion in vitro. Furthermore, knockdown of circRNA_104889 led to an increase of miR4458 expression. Overexpression of miR4458 inhibited A549 cell migration. Both the knockdown of circRNA_104889 and overexpression of miR4458 inhibited the caspase-3 expression and ERK1/2 phosphorylation in A549 cells.
Conclusions
CircRNA_104889 promotes lung adenocarcinoma cell migration and invasion by sponging miR4458 and targeting ERK1/2 signaling and caspase-3 expression.
Collapse
|
8
|
Talik Sisin NN, Abdul Razak K, Zainal Abidin S, Che Mat NF, Abdullah R, Ab Rashid R, Khairil Anuar MA, Rahman WN. Synergetic Influence of Bismuth Oxide Nanoparticles, Cisplatin and Baicalein-Rich Fraction on Reactive Oxygen Species Generation and Radiosensitization Effects for Clinical Radiotherapy Beams. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:7805-7823. [PMID: 33116502 PMCID: PMC7567565 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s269214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to quantify synergetic effects induced by bismuth oxide nanoparticles (BiONPs), cisplatin (Cis) and baicalein-rich fraction (BRF) natural-based agent on the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and radiosensitization effects under irradiation of clinical radiotherapy beams of photon, electron and HDR-brachytherapy. The combined therapeutic responses of each compound and clinical radiotherapy beam were evaluated on breast cancer and normal fibroblast cell line. Methods In this study, individual BiONPs, Cis, and BRF, as well as combinations of BiONPs-Cis (BC), BiONPs-BRF (BB) and BiONPs-Cis-BRF (BCB) were treated to the cells before irradiation using HDR brachytherapy with 0.38 MeV iridium-192 source, 6 MV photon beam and 6 MeV electron beam. The individual or synergetic effects from the application of the treatment components during the radiotherapy were elucidated by quantifying the ROS generation and radiosensitization effects on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines as well as NIH/3T3 normal cell line. Results The ROS generated in the presence of Cis stimulated the most substantial amount of ROS compared to the BiONPs and BRF. Meanwhile, the combination of the components had induced the higher ROS levels for photon beam than the brachytherapy and electron beam. The highest ROS enhancement relative to the control is attributable to the presence of BC combination in MDA-MB-231 cells, in comparison to the BB and BCB combinations. The radiosensitization effects which were quantified using the sensitization enhancement ratio (SER) indicate the highest value by BC in MCF-7 cells, followed by BCB and BB treatment. The radiosensitization effects are found to be more prominent for brachytherapy in comparison to photon and electron beam. Conclusion The BiONPs, Cis and BRF are the potential radiosensitizers that could improve the efficiency of radiotherapy to eradicate the cancer cells. The combination of these potent radiosensitizers might produce multiple effects when applied in radiotherapy. The BC combination is found to have the highest SER, followed by the BCB combination. This study is also the first to investigate the effect of BRF in combination with BiONPs (BB) and BC (BCB) treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noor Nabilah Talik Sisin
- Medical Radiation Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan,Malaysia
| | - Khairunisak Abdul Razak
- Material Engineering Programme, School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Safri Zainal Abidin
- Oncological and Radiological Sciences Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Nor Fazila Che Mat
- Medical Radiation Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan,Malaysia
| | - Reduan Abdullah
- Medical Radiation Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan,Malaysia.,Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy and Oncology Department, Hospital of Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Raizulnasuha Ab Rashid
- Medical Radiation Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan,Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Afiq Khairil Anuar
- Medical Radiation Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan,Malaysia
| | - Wan Nordiana Rahman
- Medical Radiation Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan,Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Lozano E, Asensio M, Perez-Silva L, Banales JM, Briz O, Marin JJG. MRP3-Mediated Chemoresistance in Cholangiocarcinoma: Target for Chemosensitization Through Restoring SOX17 Expression. Hepatology 2020; 72:949-964. [PMID: 31863486 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS A limitation for the treatment of unresectable cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is its poor response to chemotherapy, which is partly due to reduction of intracellular levels of anticancer drugs through ATP-binding cassette (ABC) pumps. Low expression of SOX17 (SRY-box containing gene 17), a transcription factor that promotes biliary differentiation and phenotype maintenance, has been associated with cholangiocyte malignant transformation. Whether SOX17 is also involved in CCA chemoresistance is investigated in this study. APPROACH AND RESULTS SOX17 expression in human CCA cells (EGI-1 and TFK-1) selectively potentiated cytotoxicity of SN-38, 5-fluorouracil and mitoxantrone, but not that of gemcitabine, capecitabine, cisplatin, or oxaliplatin. The analysis of the resistome by TaqMan low-density arrays revealed changes affecting primarily ABC pump expression. Single-gene quantitative real-time PCR, immunoblot, and immunofluorescence analyses confirmed that MRP3 (multidrug resistance associated protein 3), which was highly expressed in CCA human tumors, was down-regulated in SOX17-transduced CCA cells. The substrate specificity of this pump matched that of SOX17-induced in vitro selective chemosensitization. Functional studies showed lower ability of SOX17-expressing CCA cells to extrude specific MRP3 substrates. Reporter assay of MRP3 promoter (ABCC3pr) revealed that ABCC3pr activity was inhibited by SOX17 expression and SOX2/SOX9 silencing. The latter was highly expressed in CCA. Moreover, SOX2/9, but not SOX17, induced altered electrophoretic mobility of ABCC3pr, which was prevented by SOX17. The growth of CCA tumors subcutaneously implanted into immunodeficient mice was inhibited by 5-fluorouracil. This effect was enhanced by co-treatment with adenoviral vectors encoding SOX17. CONCLUSIONS SOX9/2/17 are involved in MRP3-mediated CCA chemoresistance. Restored SOX17 expression, in addition to its tumor suppression effect, induces selective chemosensitization due to MRP3 down-regulation and subsequent intracellular drug accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Lozano
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting, IBSAL, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maitane Asensio
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting, IBSAL, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Laura Perez-Silva
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting, IBSAL, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jesus M Banales
- National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, San Sebastian, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Oscar Briz
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting, IBSAL, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose J G Marin
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting, IBSAL, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tan Y, Shao R, Li J, Huang H, Wang Y, Zhang M, Cao J, Zhang J, Bu J. PITPNC1 fuels radioresistance of rectal cancer by inhibiting reactive oxygen species production. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:126. [PMID: 32175419 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.02.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Neoadjuvant radiotherapy is a commonly used method for the current standard-of-care for most patients with rectal cancer, when the effects of radioresistance are limited. The phosphatidylinositol transfer protein, cytoplasmic 1 (PITPNC1), a lipid-metabolism-related gene, has previously been proved to manifest pro-cancer effects in multiple types of cancer. However, whether PITPNC1 plays a role for developing radioresistance in rectal cancer patients is still unknown. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the role of PITPNC1 in rectal cancer radioresistance. Methods Patient-derived tissue were used to detect the difference in the expression level of PITPNC1 between radioresistant and radiosensitive patients. Bioinformatic analyses of high-throughput gene expression data were applied to uncover the correlations between PITPNC1 level and oxidative stress. Two rectal cancer cell lines, SW620, and HCT116, were selected in vitro to investigate the effect of PITPNC1 on radioresistance, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, apoptosis, and proliferation in rectal cancer. Results PITPNC1 is highly expressed in radioresistant patient-derived rectal cancer tissues compared to radiosensitive tissue; therefore, PITPNC1 inhibits the generation of ROS and improves the extent of radioresistance of rectal cancer cell lines and then inhibits apoptosis. Knocking down PITPNC1 facilitates the production of ROS while application of the ROS scavenger, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), could reverse this effect. Conclusions PITPNC1 fuels radioresistance of rectal cancer via the inhibition of ROS generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Tan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Ruoyang Shao
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jingyu Li
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Hongyun Huang
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Yanru Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Menglan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Jianyun Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Junde Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Junguo Bu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhu M, Jiang B, Yan D, Wang X, Ge H, Sun Y. Knockdown of TMEM45A overcomes multidrug resistance and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human colorectal cancer cells through inhibition of TGF-β signalling pathway. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2019; 47:503-516. [PMID: 31788833 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC), a leading cause of cancer death, has recently been known as the most prevalent malignancy worldwide. Although chemotherapy is an important therapeutic option for CRC patients, multidrug resistance (MDR) still remains a major cause of chemotherapy failure. Transmembrane protein 45A (TMEM45A) has been found highly expressed in various cancers, and is also proposed as an interesting biomarker for chemoresistance. However, the association between TMEM45A and MDR in CRC remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the key role of TMEM45A in CRC by knockdown of its expression in 5-FU-resistant CRC cells (HCT-8/5-FU and SW480/5-FU) and their parental cells (HCT-8 and SW480). Data showed that TMEM45A was significantly up-regulated in HCT-8/5-FU and SW480/5-FU cells in comparison with their parental HCT-8 and SW480 cells. Knockdown of TMEM45A enhanced 5-FU sensitivity and 5-FU-induced apoptosis in HCT-8/5-FU and SW480/5-FU cells. It was also found that inhibition of TMEM45A increased the intracellular accumulation of Rhodamine-123 and down-regulated the expression of MDR1 in HCT-8/5-FU and SW480/5-FU cells. In addition, knockdown of TMEM45A suppressed migration and invasion of HCT-8/5-FU and SW480/5-FU cells. Furthermore, knockdown of TMEM45A not only attenuated MDR-enhanced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), but also suppressed MDR-enhanced activation of the TGF-β signalling pathway in HCT-8/5-FU and SW480/5-FU cells. Taken together, our study suggests that knockdown of TMEM45A can effectively overcome MDR and inhibit EMT via suppression of the TGF-β signalling pathway in human CRC cells, and that targeting TMEM45A will be a potential strategy in the treatment of MDR in CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mo Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Baofei Jiang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Dongsheng Yan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Xiaopeng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Hengfa Ge
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Yueming Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ma WJ, Gu YK, Peng JH, Wang XC, Yue X, Pan ZZ, Chen G, Xu HN, Zhou ZG, Zhang RX. Pretreatment TACC3 expression in locally advanced rectal cancer decreases the response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 10:2755-2771. [PMID: 30341253 PMCID: PMC6224241 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chemoradiotherapy combined with surgical resection is the standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer, but not all the patients respond to neoadjuvant treatment. Transforming acidic coiled-coil protein-3 (TACC3) is frequently aberrantly expressed in rectal cancer tissue. In this study, we investigated whether TACC3 could serve as a biomarker predictive of the efficacy of chemoradiotherapy. In all, 152 rectal cancer patients with tumor tissue collected at biopsy and set aside before treatment were enrolled in this study. All patients received chemoradiotherapy and surgical resection. Immunohistochemically detected tumoral TACC3 expression significantly decreased sensitivity to chemoradiotherapy [risk ratio (RR) = 2.236, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.447-3.456; P = 0.001] and thus the pathological complete response rate (P = 0.001). TACC3 knockdown using specific siRNA enhanced radiotherapy-induced decreases in proliferation and colony formation by HCT116 and SW480 cells and increased the incidence of radiotherapy-induced apoptosis. Cox multivariate analysis showed that TACC3 was a significant prognostic factor for overall survival (P = 0.017) and disease-free survival (P = 0.020). These findings suggest TACC3 expression may be predictive of chemoradiotherapy sensitivity and prognosis in locally advanced rectal cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Juan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Yang-Kui Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Microinvasive Interventional Department, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Hong Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Xue-Cen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Xin Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Zhong Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Gong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Neng Xu
- Ovarian Cancer Research Center, Division of Gynecology Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Zhong-Guo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Han SH, Kim JW, Kim M, Kim JH, Lee KW, Kim BH, Oh HK, Kim DW, Kang SB, Kim H, Shin E. Prognostic implication of ABC transporters and cancer stem cell markers in patients with stage III colon cancer receiving adjuvant FOLFOX-4 chemotherapy. Oncol Lett 2019; 17:5572-5580. [PMID: 31186779 PMCID: PMC6507487 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cell (CSC) and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are associated with treatment resistance and outcomes of patients with cancer. The present study investigated the prognostic implications of pre-therapeutic expression of ABC transporters and CSC markers in patients with colon cancer (CC) who received adjuvant 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin and oxaliplatin combination therapy (FOLFOX-4). The immunohistochemical expression of 3 ABC transporters, including ABC subfamily C member 2 (ABCC2), ABCC3 and ABC subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2), and 3 CSC markers, including sex determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2), leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1, were determined in 164 CC tissues from patients with stage III CC, who underwent postoperative FOLFOX-4 chemotherapy. The association between the protein expression and patients' prognoses was statistically analyzed. ABCG2 was associated with favorable overall survival rate (OS; P=0.001), and ABCC2, ABCG2 and SOX2 were associated with increased disease-free survival rate (DFS; P=0.001, 0.002 and 0.013, respectively). In multivariate analyses, ABCG2 was an independent prognostic factor for OS [hazard ratio (HR)=2.877; P=0.046], and ABCC2 and SOX2 were independent prognostic factors for DFS (HR=2.831; P=0.014; HR=2.558, P=0.020, respectively). ABCC2, ABCG2 and SOX2 may be promising prognostic markers for patients with CC receiving FOLFOX-4 therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song-Hee Han
- Department of Pathology, Dong-A University School of Medicine, Busan, South Gyeongsang 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Won Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Milim Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Hyun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Wook Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Hyung Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine and Hospital, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung-Kwon Oh
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Duck-Woo Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Bum Kang
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunchul Kim
- Department of Pathology, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi 18450, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Shin
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi 13620, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pathology, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi 18450, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Poynter L, Galea D, Veselkov K, Mirnezami A, Kinross J, Nicholson J, Takáts Z, Darzi A, Mirnezami R. Network Mapping of Molecular Biomarkers Influencing Radiation Response in Rectal Cancer. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2019; 18:e210-e222. [PMID: 30928329 DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Preoperative radiotherapy (RT) plays an important role in the management of locally advanced rectal cancer (RC). Tumor regression after RT shows marked variability, and robust molecular methods are needed to help predict likely response. The aim of this study was to review the current published literature and use Gene Ontology (GO) analysis to define key molecular biomarkers governing radiation response in RC. A systematic review of electronic bibliographic databases (Medline, Embase) was performed for original articles published between 2000 and 2015. Biomarkers were then classified according to biological function and incorporated into a hierarchical GO tree. Both significant and nonsignificant results were included in the analysis. Significance was binarized on the basis of univariate and multivariate statistics. Significance scores were calculated for each biological domain (or node), and a direct acyclic graph was generated for intuitive mapping of biological pathways and markers involved in RC radiation response. Seventy-two individual biomarkers across 74 studies were identified. On highest-order classification, molecular biomarkers falling within the domains of response to stress, cellular metabolism, and pathways inhibiting apoptosis were found to be the most influential in predicting radiosensitivity. Homogenizing biomarker data from original articles using controlled GO terminology demonstrated that cellular mechanisms of response to RT in RC-in particular the metabolic response to RT-may hold promise in developing radiotherapeutic biomarkers to help predict, and in the future modulate, radiation response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liam Poynter
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Dieter Galea
- Computational & Systems Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Kirill Veselkov
- Computational & Systems Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - James Kinross
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jeremy Nicholson
- Computational & Systems Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Zoltán Takáts
- Computational & Systems Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Ara Darzi
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Reza Mirnezami
- Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK; St Mark's Hospital and Academic Institute, Harrow, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wang X, Ghareeb WM, Lu X, Huang Y, Huang S, Chi P. Coexpression network analysis linked H2AFJ to chemoradiation resistance in colorectal cancer. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:10351-10362. [PMID: 30565747 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) resistance is a complex phenomenon and it remains a major problem for patients with a priori resistant tumor. Therefore, there is a strong need to investigate molecular biomarkers which may guide for treatment decision-making. In our study, weighted gene coexpression network analysis was applied to identify CRT-resistance hub modules in 12 colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines with different CRT sensitivities from GSE20298 data set. The green module and purple module had the highest correlations with CRT resistance. Gene ontology enrichment analysis indicated that the function of these two modules focused on interferon-mediated signaling pathway, immune response, chromatin modulation, Rho GTPases activities, and regulation of apoptotic process. Then, 15 hub genes in both the coexpression and protein-protein interaction networks were selected. Among these hub genes, higher H2A histone family member J (H2AFJ) expression was independently validated in patient cohorts from two testing data sets of GSE46862 and GSE68204 to be related to CRT resistance. The receiver operating characteristic curve showed that H2AFJ could efficiently distinguish CRT-resistance cases from CRT-sensitive cases in another two testing data sets. Furthermore, meta-analysis of 12 Gene Expression Omnibus-sourced data sets showed that H2AFJ messenger RNA levels were significantly higher in CRC tissues than in normal colon tissues. High H2AFJ expression was correlated with a significant worse event- and relapse-free survival by analyzing the data from the R2: Genomics Analysis and Visualization Platform. Gene set enrichment analysis determined that the mechanism of H2AFJ-mediated CRT resistance might involve the ERK5 (MAPK7), human immunodeficiency virus Nef (HIV Nef), and inflammatory pathways. This study is the first, to the best of our knowledge, to implicate and verify H2AFJ as an effective new marker for CRT response prediction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Waleed M Ghareeb
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Xingrong Lu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenghui Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan Chi
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Levings DC, Wang X, Kohlhase D, Bell DA, Slattery M. A distinct class of antioxidant response elements is consistently activated in tumors with NRF2 mutations. Redox Biol 2018; 19:235-249. [PMID: 30195190 PMCID: PMC6128101 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
NRF2 is a redox-responsive transcription factor that regulates expression of cytoprotective genes via its interaction with DNA sequences known as antioxidant response elements (AREs). NRF2 activity is induced by oxidative stress, but oxidative stress is not the only context in which NRF2 can be activated. Mutations that disrupt the interaction between NRF2 and KEAP1, an inhibitor of NRF2, lead to NRF2 hyperactivation and promote oncogenesis. The mechanisms underlying NRF2's oncogenic properties remain unclear, but likely involve aberrant expression of select NRF2 target genes. We tested this possibility using an integrative genomics approach to get a precise view of the direct NRF2 target genes dysregulated in tumors with NRF2 hyperactivating mutations. This approach revealed a core set of 32 direct NRF2 targets that are consistently upregulated in NRF2 hyperactivated tumors. This set of NRF2 "cancer target genes" includes canonical redox-related NRF2 targets, as well as target genes that have not been previously linked to NRF2 activation. Importantly, NRF2-driven upregulation of this gene set is largely independent of the organ system where the tumor developed. One key distinguishing feature of these NRF2 cancer target genes is that they are regulated by high affinity AREs that fall within genomic regions possessing a ubiquitously permissive chromatin signature. This implies that these NRF2 cancer target genes are responsive to oncogenic NRF2 in most tissues because they lack the regulatory constraints that restrict expression of most other NRF2 target genes. This NRF2 cancer target gene set also serves as a reliable proxy for NRF2 activity, and high NRF2 activity is associated with significant decreases in survival in multiple cancer types. Overall, the pervasive upregulation of these NRF2 cancer targets across multiple cancers, and their association with negative outcomes, suggests that these will be central to dissecting the functional implications of NRF2 hyperactivation in several cancer contexts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel C Levings
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
| | - Xuting Wang
- Environmental Epigenomics and Disease Group, Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Derek Kohlhase
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, USA
| | - Douglas A Bell
- Environmental Epigenomics and Disease Group, Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Matthew Slattery
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Duluth, MN 55812, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Partial characterization and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides sequentially extracted from Dendrobium officinale. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-018-9721-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
18
|
|
19
|
Cao D, Qin S, Mu Y, Zhong M. The role of MRP1 in the multidrug resistance of colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:2471-2476. [PMID: 28454422 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of multidrug resistance associated protein 1 (MRP1) in the multidrug resistance (MDR) of colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of MRP1 in MDR CRC and its therapeutic potential for the treatment of patients with this disease. The human MDR CRC cell lines HCT-8 and Colo205 were established through stable exposure to 5-florouracil (5-FU) over a 5-month period. MRP1 was knocked-down in MDR CRC cells through the transfection of short hairpin RNA targeting MRP1 (shMRP1). Western blotting was performed to assess the efficiency of this silencing. MTT and apoptosis assays were conducted to detect cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. Compared with their parental cells, HCT-8/5-FU and Colo205/5-FU cells were 23.1 and 15.8 times more resistant to 5-FU, and 17.2 and 20.9 times more resistant oxaliplatin, respectively. The knockdown of MRP1 resulted in the attenuation of the MDR phenotype through the induction of apoptosis. The shMRP1-transfected Colo205/5-FU cells were injected subcutaneously into the right scapular region of BALB/c nude mice and tumor size was measured for 15 days post-injection. This in vivo experiment demonstrated that MRP1 knockdown inhibited tumor growth. On the 9, 12 and 15th day post-injection, tumor volume in the shMRP1-transfected Colo205/5-FU cell-injected group was significantly lower compared with that in the Colo205/5-FU cell-injected group (day 9, 2.1±0.8 vs. 6.9±1.9 mm3, P=0.009; day 12, 3.1±1.4 vs. 14.3±4.0 mm3, P=0.008; day 15, 4.8±2.7 vs. 21.3±3.4 mm3; all P<0.001). These results demonstrate that MRP1 serves a role in the MDR phenotype of CRC through inhibiting apoptosis and may serve as a potential therapeutic target for inhibition, which would increase the efficacy of other chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongxing Cao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Shaolan Qin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Yifei Mu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Ming Zhong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Kobayashi M, Funayama R, Ohnuma S, Unno M, Nakayama K. Wnt-β-catenin signaling regulates ABCC3 (MRP3) transporter expression in colorectal cancer. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:1776-1784. [PMID: 27709738 PMCID: PMC5198960 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Revised: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We determined the gene expression profiles for 48 ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporters in matched colon cancer and normal colon tissues in order to provide insight into the mechanisms underlying expression of transporters related to colon carcinogenesis. The expression of ABCB1,ABCC1,ABCC2,ABCC3, and ABCG2 was altered in association with colon carcinogenesis. Among these transporters, the expression of ABCC3 was repressed by Wnt signaling pathway in colon cancer cell lines. Knockdown of the pathway components transcription factor 7‐like 2 (TCF7L2) or β‐catenin thus increased ABCC3 expression, whereas activation of Wnt signaling with inhibitors of glycogen synthase kinase–3β (GSK‐3β) reduced it. ChIP and luciferase reporter assays also showed that TCF7L2 binds to the ABCC3 locus and regulates its expression. Finally, overexpression of ABCC3 in colon cancer cells conferred resistance to anticancer drug‐induced cytotoxicity. Our data thus suggest that Wnt signaling represses ABCC3 expression during colon carcinogenesis, and that subsequent upregulation of ABCC3 expression during drug treatment might contribute to acquired drug resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Kobayashi
- Department of Surgery, ART, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan.,Department of Cell Proliferation, ART, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryo Funayama
- Department of Cell Proliferation, ART, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shinobu Ohnuma
- Department of Surgery, ART, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Michiaki Unno
- Department of Surgery, ART, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| | - Keiko Nakayama
- Department of Cell Proliferation, ART, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Liebel S, Regina Grötzner S, Dietrich Moura Costa D, Antônio Ferreira Randi M, Alberto de Oliveira Ribeiro C, Filipak Neto F. Cylindrospermopsin effects on protein profile of HepG2 cells. Toxicol Mech Methods 2016; 26:554-563. [PMID: 27494769 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2016.1216209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Human hepatoma cells (HepG2) were exposed to purified cylindrospermopsin (CYN), a potent toxicant for eukaryotic cells produced by several cyanobacteria. Exposure to 10 μg l-1 of CYN for 24 h resulted in alteration of expression of 48 proteins, from which 26 were identified through mass spectrometry. Exposure to 100 μg l-1 of CYN for 24 h affected nuclear area and actin filaments intensity, which can be associated with cell proliferation and toxicity. The proteins are implicated in different biological processes: protein folding, xenobiotic efflux, antioxidant defense, energy metabolism and cell anabolism, cell signaling, tumorigenic potential, and cytoskeleton structure. Protein profile indicates that CYN exposure may lead to alteration of glucose metabolism that can be associated with the supply of useful energy to cells respond to chemical stress and proliferate. Increase of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNP), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels observed in HepG2 cells can associate with cell proliferation and resistance. Increase of MRP3 and glutathione peroxidase can protect cells against some chemicals and ROS. CYN exposure also led to alteration of the expression of cytoskeleton proteins, which may be associated with cell proliferation and toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Liebel
- a Departamento De Biologia Celular , Universidade Federal Do Paraná , Curitiba , Brazil
| | - Sonia Regina Grötzner
- a Departamento De Biologia Celular , Universidade Federal Do Paraná , Curitiba , Brazil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
He J, Liang X, Luo F, Chen X, Xu X, Wang F, Zhang Z. P53 Is Involved in a Three-Dimensional Architecture-Mediated Decrease in Chemosensitivity in Colon Cancer. J Cancer 2016; 7:900-9. [PMID: 27313779 PMCID: PMC4910581 DOI: 10.7150/jca.14506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) culture models represent a better approximation of solid tumor tissue architecture, especially cell adhesion, in vivo than two-dimensional (2D) cultures do. Here, we explored the role of architecture in chemosensitivity to platinum in colon cancer. Under the 3D culture condition, colon cancer cells formed multicellular spheroids, consisting of layers of cells. 3D cultures displayed significantly decreased sensitivity to platinum compared with 2D cultures. Platinum increased p53 in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. There was no detectable difference in basal p53 levels between 3D cultures and 2D cultures but cisplatin induced less p53 in both HCT116 3D cultures and LoVo 3D cultures. It was not due to cisplatin concentration because cisplatin induced similar γ-H2AX in 3D vs 2D. Knockdown of p53 significantly decreased sensitivity to platinum in 3D cultures. Knockdown of p53 decreased cleaved caspase 3 and apoptosis induced by cisplatin. These findings indicate that 3D architecture confers decreased chemosensitivity to platinum and p53 is involved in the mechanism. Knockdown of p53 decreased cisplatin's induction of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1/2 (JNK1/2) activation, whereas inhibition of JNK1/2 activation increased chemosensitivity. Inhibition of p38 activation decreased cisplatin's induction of p53, but no difference in p38 activation by cisplatin was observed between 2D cultures and 3D cultures. Taken together, our results suggest that p53 is involved in a 3D architecture-mediated decrease in chemosensitivity to platinum in colon cancer. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (JNK1/2 and p38) do not play a dominant role in the mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianming He
- 1. Department Of Oncology And Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Xi Liang
- 1. Department Of Oncology And Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 China;; 2. Molecular Biology Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn, and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042 China
| | - Fen Luo
- 2. Molecular Biology Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn, and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042 China
| | - Xuedan Chen
- 3. Department Of Medical Genetics, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Xueqing Xu
- 2. Molecular Biology Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn, and Combined Injury, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042 China
| | - Fengchao Wang
- 4. Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400038 China
| | - Zhenping Zhang
- 5. Department Of Oncology, First Hospital of Shijiazhuang City, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, 050011 China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Molinari C, Matteucci F, Caroli P, Passardi A. Biomarkers and Molecular Imaging as Predictors of Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Patients With Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2015; 14:227-38. [PMID: 26170142 DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Standard treatment of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) includes neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) followed by surgery. Tumor regression after NCRT varies substantially among individuals and pathological complete response is a known prognostic factor for LARC. The identification of a predictive model for response to chemoradiotherapy would help clinicians to identify patients who would probably benefit from multimodal treatment and to perform an early assessment of individual prognosis. Carcinoembryonic antigen has proven to be a good predictor of response in several clinical trials. Other widely studied predictive models in LARC include molecular biomarkers, analyzed at various levels and by different techniques, and molecular imaging, in particular magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography/computed tomography. Although none of the studied markers have been approved in clinical practice, their evaluation in larger, prospective trials and in combined predictive models could be of use to define tailored therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Molinari
- Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Federica Matteucci
- Diagnostic Nuclear Medicine Unit, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Paola Caroli
- Diagnostic Nuclear Medicine Unit, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Alessandro Passardi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Anti-Lung Cancer Activity of the Curcumin Analog JZ534 In Vitro. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:504529. [PMID: 25977922 PMCID: PMC4419220 DOI: 10.1155/2015/504529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the anticancer effect of the curcumin analog JZ534 on lung cancer cell lines H460, A549, H1975, and HCC827. The antiproliferation effect of JZ534 was measured through the methylthiazoletetrazolium assay, and cell colony formation was observed. Cell cycle and apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry, and the preliminary mechanism was studied by Western blot. Results showed that JZ534 significantly inhibited the vitality and colony formation of lung cancer cells. JZ534 induced the G2/M cell cycle arrest of the cancer cells and suppressed the expression of cycle-related proteins, including cyclin B1 and Cdc2. Meanwhile, JZ534 induced cell apoptosis and upregulated the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, including cleaved caspase-3, Bax, and p53. At the same dose, JZ534 showed better antitumor activity than curcumin. These results suggest that JZ534 exhibits excellent anti-lung cancer activity by inhibiting the growth and inducing the apoptosis of lung cancer cells. Therefore, JZ534 is a promising lead compound for cancer treatment.
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhang XW, Bu P, Liu L, Zhang XZ, Li J. Overexpression of long non-coding RNA PVT1 in gastric cancer cells promotes the development of multidrug resistance. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 462:227-32. [PMID: 25956062 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.04.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of multidrug resistance (MDR) is a crucial problem of therapy failure in gastric cancer, which results in disease recurrence and metastasis. Plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT-1), a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), was previously found to be increased in gastric cancer patients and regulated the chemotherapy sensitivity in pancreatic cancer cells. However, the role of PVT1 in multidrug resistant Gastric cancer remains largely unexplored. METHODS In this study, the mRNA levels of PVT1 in gastric cancer tissues of cisplatin-resistant patients and two kinds of cisplatin-resistant cells BGC823/DDP and SGC7901/DDP were detected by qRT-PCR. The influence of PVT1 knockdown or overexpression on anticancer drug resistance was assessed by measuring the cytotoxicity of cisplatin and the rate of apoptosis detected by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Further, we investigated the expression levels of MDR1, MRP, mTOR and HIF-1α by qRT-PCR and western blotting. RESULTS PVT-1 was highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues of cisplatin-resistant patients and cisplatin-resistant cells. In addition, BGC823/DDP and SGC7901/DDP cells transfected with PVT-1 siRNA and treated with cisplatin exhibited significant lower survival rate and high percentage of apoptotic tumor cells. While, PVT1 overexpression exhibit the anti-apoptotic property in BGC823 and SGC7901 cells transfected with LV-PVT1-GFP and treated with cisplatin. Moreover, qRT-PCR and western blotting revealed that PVT1 up-regulation increased the expression of MDR1, MRP, mTOR and HIF-1α. CONCLUSIONS Overexpression of LncRNA PVT1 in gastric carcinoma promotes the development of MDR, suggesting an efficacious target for reversing MDR in gastric cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xian-wen Zhang
- Oncology Department, Subei People's Hospital, College Yangzhou, Yangzhou 225001, China.
| | - Ping Bu
- Medical College Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Medical College Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Xi-zhi Zhang
- Oncology Department, Subei People's Hospital, College Yangzhou, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Jun Li
- Oncology Department, Subei People's Hospital, College Yangzhou, Yangzhou 225001, China
| |
Collapse
|