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Onigbinde S, Peng W, Solomon J, Adeniyi M, Nwaiwu J, Fowowe M, Daramola O, Purba W, Mechref Y. O-Glycome Profiling of Breast Cancer Cell Lines to Understand Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:1458-1470. [PMID: 38483275 PMCID: PMC11299836 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related death among women and a major source of brain metastases. Despite the increasing incidence of brain metastasis from breast cancer, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Altered glycosylation is known to play a role in various diseases including cancer metastasis. However, profiling studies of O-glycans and their isomers in breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM) are scarce. This study analyzed the expression of O-glycans and their isomers in human breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-361, HTB131, and HTB22), a brain cancer cell line (CRL-1620), and a brain metastatic breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231BR) using nanoLC-MS/MS, identifying 27 O-glycan compositions. We observed significant upregulation in the expression of HexNAc1Hex1NeuAc2 and HexNAc2Hex3, whereas the expression of HexNAc1Hex1NeuAc1 was downregulated in MDA-MB-231BR compared to other cell lines. In our isomeric analysis, we observed notable alterations in the isomeric forms of the O-glycan structure HexNAc1Hex1NeuAc1 in a comparison of different cell lines. Our analysis of O-glycans and their isomers in cancer cells demonstrated that changes in their distribution can be related to the metastatic process. We believe that our investigation will contribute to an enhanced comprehension of the significance of O-glycans and their isomers in BCBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherifdeen Onigbinde
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061
| | - Wenjing Peng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061
| | - Joy Solomon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061
| | - Moyinoluwa Adeniyi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061
| | - Judith Nwaiwu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061
| | - Mojibola Fowowe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061
| | - Oluwatosin Daramola
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061
| | - Waziha Purba
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061
| | - Yehia Mechref
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061
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2
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Brooks S. Lectins as versatile tools to explore cellular glycosylation. Eur J Histochem 2024; 68:3959. [PMID: 38285057 PMCID: PMC11059468 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2024.3959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Lectins are naturally occurring carbohydrate-binding proteins that are ubiquitous in nature and highly selective for their, often incompletely characterised, binding partners. From their discovery in the late 1880s to the present day, they have provided a broad palette of versatile tools for exploring the glycosylation of cells and tissues and for uncovering the myriad functions of glycosylation in biological systems. The technique of lectin histochemistry, used to map the glycosylation of tissues, has been instrumental in revealing the changing profile of cellular glycosylation in development, health and disease. It has been especially enlightening in revealing fundamental alterations in cellular glycosylation that accompany cancer development and metastasis, and has facilitated the identification of glycosylated biomarkers that can predict prognosis and may have utility in development of early detection and screening, Moreover, it has led to insights into the functional role of glycosylation in healthy tissues and in the processes underlying disease. Recent advances in biotechnology mean that our understanding of the precise binding partners of lectins is improving and an ever-wider range of lectins are available, including recombinant human lectins and lectins with enhanced, engineered properties. Moreover, use of traditional histochemistry to support a broad range of cutting-edge technologies and the development of high throughout microarray platforms opens the way for ever more sophisticated mapping - and understanding - of the glycome.
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Pinto D, Parameswaran R. Role of Truncated O-GalNAc Glycans in Cancer Progression and Metastasis in Endocrine Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3266. [PMID: 37444377 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycans are an essential part of cells, playing a fundamental role in many pathophysiological processes such as cell differentiation, adhesion, motility, signal transduction, host-pathogen interactions, tumour cell invasion, and metastasis development. These glycans are also able to exert control over the changes in tumour immunogenicity, interfering with tumour-editing events and leading to immune-resistant cancer cells. The incomplete synthesis of O-glycans or the formation of truncated glycans such as the Tn-antigen (Thomsen nouveau; GalNAcα- Ser/Thr), its sialylated version the STn-antigen (sialyl-Tn; Neu5Acα2-6GalNAcα-Ser/Thr) and the elongated T-antigen (Thomsen-Friedenreich; Galβ1-3GalNAcα-Ser/Thr) has been shown to be associated with tumour progression and metastatic state in many human cancers. Prognosis in various human cancers is significantly poor when they dedifferentiate or metastasise. Recent studies in glycobiology have shown truncated O-glycans to be a hallmark of cancer cells, and when expressed, increase the oncogenicity by promoting dedifferentiation, risk of metastasis by impaired adhesion (mediated by selectins and integrins), and resistance to immunological killing by NK cells. Insight into these truncated glycans provides a complimentary and attractive route for cancer antigen discovery. The recent emergence of immunotherapies against cancers is predicted to harness the potential of using such agents against cancer-associated truncated glycans. In this review, we explore the role of truncated O-glycans in cancer progression and metastasis along with some recent studies on the role of O-glycans in endocrine cancers affecting the thyroid and adrenal gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diluka Pinto
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Rajeev Parameswaran
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, National University Hospital, Singapore 119074, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
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4
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Early detection of tumour-associated antigens: Assessment of point-of-care electrochemical immunoassays. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.116981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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5
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Brooks SA. Lectin Histochemistry: Historical Perspectives, State of the Art, and Future Directions. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2566:65-84. [PMID: 36152243 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2675-7_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lectins, discovered more than 100 years ago and defined by their ability to selectively recognize specific carbohydrate structures, are ubiquitous in living organisms. Their precise functions are as yet under-explored and incompletely understood but they are clearly involved, through recognition of their binding partners, in a myriad of biological mechanisms involved in cell identity, adhesion, signaling, and growth regulation in health and disease. Understanding the complex "sugar code" represented by the "glycome" is a major challenge and at the forefront of current biological research. Lectins have been widely employed in histochemical studies to map glycosylation in cells and tissues. Here, a brief history of the discovery of lectins and early developments in their use is presented along with a selection of some of the most interesting and significant discoveries to emerge from the use of lectin histochemistry. Further, an evaluation of the next generation of lectin-based technologies is presented, including the potential for designing recombinant lectins with more precisely defined binding characteristics, linking lectin-based studies with other technologies to answer fundamental questions in glycobiology and approaches to exploring the interactions of lectins with their binding partners in more detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Ann Brooks
- Department of Biological & Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, UK.
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Aguado R, Sanz-Novo M, Mata S, León I, Alonso JL. Unveiling the Shape of N-Acetylgalactosamine: A Cancer-Associated Sugar Derivative. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:7621-7626. [PMID: 36099577 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c04595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, we report the first rotational study of N-acetylgalactosamine, a cancer-associated sugar derivative, by means of high-resolution rotational spectroscopy. Two different conformers have been conclusively characterized using broadband Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy coupled with a laser ablation vaporization system. Additionally, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the intramolecular interactions that govern these structures, which allowed us to both characterize the existence of intramolecular hydrogen bond networks that drive the intrinsic conformation panorama of N-acetylgalactosamine and further rationalize the biological role of this aminosugar derivative as part of the Tn antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Aguado
- Grupo de Espectroscopía Molecular (GEM), Edificio Quifima, Área de Química-Física, Laboratorios de Espectroscopía y Bioespectroscopía, Parque Científico UVa, Unidad Asociada CSIC, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid 47011, Spain
| | - M Sanz-Novo
- Grupo de Espectroscopía Molecular (GEM), Edificio Quifima, Área de Química-Física, Laboratorios de Espectroscopía y Bioespectroscopía, Parque Científico UVa, Unidad Asociada CSIC, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid 47011, Spain
| | - S Mata
- Grupo de Espectroscopía Molecular (GEM), Edificio Quifima, Área de Química-Física, Laboratorios de Espectroscopía y Bioespectroscopía, Parque Científico UVa, Unidad Asociada CSIC, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid 47011, Spain
| | - I León
- Grupo de Espectroscopía Molecular (GEM), Edificio Quifima, Área de Química-Física, Laboratorios de Espectroscopía y Bioespectroscopía, Parque Científico UVa, Unidad Asociada CSIC, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid 47011, Spain
| | - J L Alonso
- Grupo de Espectroscopía Molecular (GEM), Edificio Quifima, Área de Química-Física, Laboratorios de Espectroscopía y Bioespectroscopía, Parque Científico UVa, Unidad Asociada CSIC, Universidad de Valladolid, Valladolid 47011, Spain
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7
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Festari MF, da Costa V, Rodríguez-Zraquia SA, Costa M, Landeira M, Lores P, Solari-Saquieres P, Kramer MG, Freire T. The tumour-associated Tn antigen fosters lung metastasis and recruitment of regulatory T cells in triple negative breast cancer. Glycobiology 2021; 32:366-379. [PMID: 34939098 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwab123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for nearly 10 million deaths. Among breast cancers (BC) subtypes, triple-negative (TN) BC, is characterized by metastatic progression and poor patient prognosis. Although, TNBC is initially sensitive to chemotherapy, many TNBC patients rapidly develop resistance, at which point metastatic disease is highly lethal. Cancer cells present phenotypic changes or molecular signatures that distinguish them from healthy cells. The Tn antigen (GalNAc-O-Thr/Ser), that constitutes a powerful tool as tumour marker, was recently reported to contribute to tumour growth. However, its role in BC-derived metastasis has not yet been addressed. In this work we generated a pre-clinical orthotopic Tn+ model of metastatic TNBC, that mimics the patient surgical treatment and is useful to study the role of Tn in metastasis and immunoregulation. We obtained two different cell clones which differed in their Tn antigen expression: a high Tn-expressing and a non-expressing clone. Interestingly, the Tn-positive cell line generated significantly larger tumours and higher degree of lung metastases associated with a lower survival rate than the Tn-negative and parental cell line. Furthermore, we also found that both tumours and draining-lymph nodes from Tn+-tumour bearing mice presented a higher frequency of CD4+ FoxP3+ T cells, while their splenocytes expressed higher levels of IL-10. In conclusion, this work suggests that the Tn antigen participates in breast tumour growth and spreading, favouring metastases to the lungs that are associated to an immunoregulatory state, suggesting that Tn-based immunotherapy could be a strategy of choice to treat these tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Florencia Festari
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Valeria da Costa
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Santiago A Rodríguez-Zraquia
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Monique Costa
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mercedes Landeira
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Pablo Lores
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Patricia Solari-Saquieres
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - M Gabriela Kramer
- Laboratorio de Bioensayos, Campus Interinstitucional, INIA-UdelaR, Tacuarembó; and Departamento de Desarrollo Biotecnológico, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Teresa Freire
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
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8
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Salminen AT, Allahyari Z, Gholizadeh S, McCloskey MC, Ajalik R, Cottle RN, Gaborski TR, McGrath JL. In vitro Studies of Transendothelial Migration for Biological and Drug Discovery. FRONTIERS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 2020; 2:600616. [PMID: 35047883 PMCID: PMC8757899 DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2020.600616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases and cancer metastases lack concrete pharmaceuticals for their effective treatment despite great strides in advancing our understanding of disease progression. One feature of these disease pathogeneses that remains to be fully explored, both biologically and pharmaceutically, is the passage of cancer and immune cells from the blood to the underlying tissue in the process of extravasation. Regardless of migratory cell type, all steps in extravasation involve molecular interactions that serve as a rich landscape of targets for pharmaceutical inhibition or promotion. Transendothelial migration (TEM), or the migration of the cell through the vascular endothelium, is a particularly promising area of interest as it constitutes the final and most involved step in the extravasation cascade. While in vivo models of cancer metastasis and inflammatory diseases have contributed to our current understanding of TEM, the knowledge surrounding this phenomenon would be significantly lacking without the use of in vitro platforms. In addition to the ease of use, low cost, and high controllability, in vitro platforms permit the use of human cell lines to represent certain features of disease pathology better, as seen in the clinic. These benefits over traditional pre-clinical models for efficacy and toxicity testing are especially important in the modern pursuit of novel drug candidates. Here, we review the cellular and molecular events involved in leukocyte and cancer cell extravasation, with a keen focus on TEM, as discovered by seminal and progressive in vitro platforms. In vitro studies of TEM, specifically, showcase the great experimental progress at the lab bench and highlight the historical success of in vitro platforms for biological discovery. This success shows the potential for applying these platforms for pharmaceutical compound screening. In addition to immune and cancer cell TEM, we discuss the promise of hepatocyte transplantation, a process in which systemically delivered hepatocytes must transmigrate across the liver sinusoidal endothelium to successfully engraft and restore liver function. Lastly, we concisely summarize the evolving field of porous membranes for the study of TEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alec T. Salminen
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Zahra Allahyari
- Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Shayan Gholizadeh
- Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Molly C. McCloskey
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Raquel Ajalik
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Renee N. Cottle
- Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, United States
| | - Thomas R. Gaborski
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
- Biomedical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - James L. McGrath
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
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9
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He N, Jiang Y, Lei L, Liu Y. Background-free cell surface glycan analysis using persistent luminescence nanoparticle as an optical probe. Anal Biochem 2020; 601:113780. [PMID: 32470346 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report a novel cell surface glycan analysis method based on persistent luminescence nanoparticle (PLNP) ZnGa2O4: Cr3+ (ZGC) as an optical probe. ZGC was first silanized by (3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES), followed by PEGylation with NHS-P EG-Biotin, which not only introduces biotin, but significantly improves the dispersibility and stability of the nanoparticles. Neutral-avidin was then coupled on ZGC surface through the specific biotin-avidin interaction, producing a ZGC-PEG-avidin nanoprobe. As for cell surface glycan detection, different surface glycans are recognized with their corresponding biotinylated lectins, which are then traced by ZGC-PEG-avidin. The persistent luminescence signal is recorded by a microtiter plate reader in time-resolved fluorescence mode. Glycans expression profiling on prostate cancer cell DU145 and normal prostate cell RWPE-1 was analyzed by the proposed detection platform. Similar results were observed from the conventional horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-catalyzed absorbent assay and confocal microscope-based fluorescence imaging, demonstrating the applicability of the proposed platform. The approach based on the long afterglow property of ZGC efficiently eliminates the background noise from cells and substrate, resulting in the best signal-to-noise ratio and high detection sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na He
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Lingli Lei
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Yingshuai Liu
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China.
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10
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Jian Y, Xu Z, Xu C, Zhang L, Sun X, Yang D, Wang S. The Roles of Glycans in Bladder Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:957. [PMID: 32596162 PMCID: PMC7303958 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of the urogenital system with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early diagnosis and personalized treatment are the keys to successful bladder cancer treatment. Due to high postoperative recurrence rates and poor prognosis, it is urgent to find suitable therapeutic targets and biomarkers. Glycans are one of the four biological macromolecules in the cells of an organism, along with proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. Glycans play important roles in nascent peptide chain folding, protein processing, and translation, cell-to-cell adhesion, receptor-ligand recognition, and binding and cell signaling. Glycans are mainly divided into N-glycans, O-glycans, proteoglycans, and glycosphingolipids. The focus of this review is the discussion of glycans related to bladder cancer. Additionally, this review also addresses the clinical value of glycans in the diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer. Abnormal glycans are likely to be potential biomarkers for bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuli Jian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhongyang Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chunyan Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaoxin Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Deyong Yang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shujing Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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11
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Glioblastomas exploit truncated O -linked glycans for local and distant immune modulation via the macrophage galactose-type lectin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:3693-3703. [PMID: 32019882 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1907921117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most aggressive brain malignancy, for which immunotherapy has failed to prolong survival. Glioblastoma-associated immune infiltrates are dominated by tumor-associated macrophages and microglia (TAMs), which are key mediators of immune suppression and resistance to immunotherapy. We and others demonstrated aberrant expression of glycans in different cancer types. These tumor-associated glycans trigger inhibitory signaling in TAMs through glycan-binding receptors. We investigated the glioblastoma glycocalyx as a tumor-intrinsic immune suppressor. We detected increased expression of both tumor-associated truncated O-linked glycans and their receptor, macrophage galactose-type lectin (MGL), on CD163+ TAMs in glioblastoma patient-derived tumor tissues. In an immunocompetent orthotopic glioma mouse model overexpressing truncated O-linked glycans (MGL ligands), high-dimensional mass cytometry revealed a wide heterogeneity of infiltrating myeloid cells with increased infiltration of PD-L1+ TAMs as well as distant alterations in the bone marrow (BM). Our results demonstrate that glioblastomas exploit cell surface O-linked glycans for local and distant immune modulation.
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12
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Does Direct and Indirect Exposure to Ionising Radiation Influence the Metastatic Potential of Breast Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12010236. [PMID: 31963587 PMCID: PMC7016586 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionising radiation (IR) is commonly used for cancer therapy; however, its potential influence on the metastatic ability of surviving cancer cells exposed directly or indirectly to IR remains controversial. Metastasis is a multistep process by which the cancer cells dissociate from the initial site, invade, travel through the blood stream or lymphatic system, and colonise distant sites. This complex process has been reported to require cancer cells to undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by which the cancer cells convert from an adhesive, epithelial to motile, mesenchymal form and is also associated with changes in glycosylation of cell surface proteins, which may be functionally involved in metastasis. In this paper, we give an overview of metastatic mechanisms and of the fundamentals of cancer-associated glycosylation changes. While not attempting a comprehensive review of this wide and fast moving field, we highlight some of the accumulating evidence from in vitro and in vivo models for increased metastatic potential in cancer cells that survive IR, focusing on angiogenesis, cancer cell motility, invasion, and EMT and glycosylation. We also explore the indirect effects in cells exposed to exosomes released from irradiated cells. The results of such studies need to be interpreted with caution and there remains limited evidence that radiotherapy enhances the metastatic capacity of cancers in a clinical setting and undoubtedly has a very positive clinical benefit. However, there is potential that this therapeutic benefit may ultimately be enhanced through a better understanding of the direct and indirect effects of IR on cancer cell behaviour.
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13
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Liu Z, Liu J, Dong X, Hu X, Jiang Y, Li L, Du T, Yang L, Wen T, An G, Feng G. Tn antigen promotes human colorectal cancer metastasis via H-Ras mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition activation. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:2083-2092. [PMID: 30637914 PMCID: PMC6378212 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tn antigen is a truncated O-glycan, frequently detected in colorectal cancer (CRC), but its precise role in CRC metastasis is not well addressed. Here we investigated the effects of Core 1 β3Gal-T specific molecular chaperone (Cosmc) deletion-mediated Tn antigen exposure on CRC metastasis and its underlying mechanism. We first used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to knockout Cosmc, which is required for normal O-glycosylation, and thereby obtained Tn-positive CRC cells. We then investigated the biological consequences of Tn antigen expression in CRC. The results showed that Tn-positive cells exhibited an enhanced metastatic capability both in vitro and in vivo. A further analysis indicated that Tn antigen expression induced typical activation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Mechanistically, we found that H-Ras, which is known to drive EMT, was markedly up-regulated in Tn-positive cells, whereas knockdown of H-Ras suppressed Tn antigen induced activation of EMT. Furthermore, we confirmed that LS174T cells (Tn-positive) transfected with wild-type Cosmc, thus expressing no Tn antigen, had down-regulation of H-Ras expression and subsequent inhibition of EMT process. In addition, analysis of 438 samples in TCGA cohort demonstrated that Cosmc expression was reversely correlated with H-Ras, underscoring the significance of Tn antigen-H-Ras signalling in CRC patients. These data demonstrated that Cosmc deletion-mediated Tn antigen exposure promotes CRC metastasis, which is possibly mediated by H-Ras-induced EMT activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Liu
- Department of OncologyBeijing Chao‐Yang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jian Liu
- Medical Research CenterBeijing Chao‐Yang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xichen Dong
- Medical Research CenterBeijing Chao‐Yang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Xin Hu
- Department of OncologyBeijing Chao‐Yang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yuliang Jiang
- Department of OncologyBeijing Chao‐Yang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Lina Li
- Department of OncologyBeijing Chao‐Yang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Tan Du
- Department of OncologyBeijing Chao‐Yang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Lei Yang
- Medical Research CenterBeijing Chao‐Yang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Tao Wen
- Medical Research CenterBeijing Chao‐Yang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Guangyu An
- Department of OncologyBeijing Chao‐Yang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Guosheng Feng
- Department of OncologyBeijing Chao‐Yang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
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14
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Isolation and characterization of a galactose-specific lectin (EantH) with antimicrobial activity from Euphorbia antiquorum L. latex. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 120:1846-1854. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.09.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Sugawara K, Kuramitz H, Kadoya T. Label-free cytosensing of cancer cells based on the interaction between protein and an electron-transfer carbohydrate-mimetic peptide. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1040:166-176. [PMID: 30327107 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We used an electron-transfer carbohydrate-mimetic peptide (YYYYC) to construct an electrochemical cytosensing system. Magnetic beads were modified with either asialofetuin (ASF) or soybean agglutinin (SBA) to evaluate the effect on cell sensing. Because SBA binds to the galactose residue that exists at the terminals of the carbohydrate chains in ASF, the target protein was accumulated on the protein magnetic beads. SBA is an example of N-acetylgalactosamine- and galactose-binding proteins that readily combine with YYYYC. When the peptides and protein-immobilized beads competed for a target protein, the peak current of the peptides changed according to the concentration of the protein at the 10-12 M level. Next, human myeloid leukemia cells (K562 cell) were measured using the peptide and the carbohydrate chains on the cell surface that recognize SBA. The electrode response was linear to the number of K562 cells and ranged from 1.0 × 102 to 5.0 × 103 cells mL-1. In addition, detection of a human liver cancer cell (HepG2 cell) was carried out using interactions with the peptide, the ASF receptors in HepG2 cells, and the carbohydrate chains of ASF. The peak currents were proportional and ranged between 5.0 × 101 and 1.5 × 103 cells mL-1. When the values estimated from an electrochemical process were compared with those obtained by ELISA, the results were within the acceptable range of measurement error.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hideki Kuramitz
- Department of Environmental Biology and Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
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16
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Jing Y, Cai M, Xu H, Zhou L, Yan Q, Gao J, Wang H. Aptamer-recognized carbohydrates on the cell membrane revealed by super-resolution microscopy. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:7457-7464. [PMID: 29637941 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr00089a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates are one of the most important components on the cell membrane, which participate in various physiological activities, and their aberrant expression is a consequence of pathological changes. In previous studies, carbohydrate analysis basically relied on lectins. However, discrimination between lectins still exists due to their multivalent character. Furthermore, the structures obtained by carbohydrate-lectin crosslinking confuse our direct observation to some extent. Fortunately, the emergence of aptamers, which are smaller and more flexible, has provided us an unprecedented choice. Herein, an aptamer recognition method with high precise localization was developed for imaging membrane-bound N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc). By using direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (dSTORM), we compared this aptamer recognition method with the lectin recognition method for visualizing the detailed structure of GalNAc at the nanometer scale. The results indicated that GalNAc forms irregular clusters on the cell membrane with a resolution of 23 ± 7 nm by aptamer recognition. Additionally, when treated with N-acetylgalactosidase, the aptamer-recognized GalNAc shows a more significant decrease in cluster size and localization density, thus verifying better specificity of aptamers than lectins. Collectively, our study suggests that aptamers can act as perfect substitutes for lectins in carbohydrate labeling, which will be of great potential value in the field of super-resolution fluorescence imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Research Center of Biomembranomics, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P.R. China.
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17
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Kaptan E, Sancar‐Bas S, Sancakli A, Bektas S, Bolkent S. The effect of plant lectins on the survival and malignant behaviors of thyroid cancer cells. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:6274-6287. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Engin Kaptan
- Department of BiologyFaculty of ScienceIstanbul UniversityVeznecilerIstanbulTurkey
| | - Serap Sancar‐Bas
- Department of BiologyFaculty of ScienceIstanbul UniversityVeznecilerIstanbulTurkey
| | - Aylin Sancakli
- Department of BiologyFaculty of ScienceIstanbul UniversityVeznecilerIstanbulTurkey
| | - Suna Bektas
- Department of BiologyFaculty of ScienceIstanbul UniversityVeznecilerIstanbulTurkey
| | - Sehnaz Bolkent
- Department of BiologyFaculty of ScienceIstanbul UniversityVeznecilerIstanbulTurkey
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18
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Pearce OMT. Cancer glycan epitopes: biosynthesis, structure and function. Glycobiology 2018; 28:670-696. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwy023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver M T Pearce
- Centre for Cancer & Inflammation, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK
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19
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de Oliveira RM, Ornelas Ricart CA, Araujo Martins AM. Use of Mass Spectrometry to Screen Glycan Early Markers in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2018; 7:328. [PMID: 29379771 PMCID: PMC5775512 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Association between altered glycosylation patterns and poor prognosis in cancer points glycans as potential specific tumor markers. Most proteins are glycosylated and functionally arranged on cell surface and extracellular matrix, mediating interactions and cellular signaling. Thereby, aberrant glycans may be considered a pathological phenotype at least as important as changes in protein expression for cancer and other complex diseases. As most serum glycoproteins have hepatic origin, liver disease phenotypes, such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), may present altered glycan profile and display important modifications. One of the prominent obstacles in HCC is the diagnostic in advanced stages when patients have several liver dysfunctions, limiting treatment options and life expectancy. The characterization of glycomic profiles in pathological conditions by means of mass spectrometry (MS) may lead to the discovery of early diagnostic markers using non-invasive approaches. MS is a powerful analytical technique capable of elucidating many glycobiological issues and overcome limitations of the serological markers currently applied in clinical practice. Therefore, MS-based glycomics of tumor biomarkers is a promising tool to increase early detection and monitoring of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaela Menezes de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Carlos Andre Ornelas Ricart
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Aline Maria Araujo Martins
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Protein Chemistry, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil.,University Hospital Walter Cantídeo, Surgery Department, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
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20
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In silico approaches for unveiling novel glycobiomarkers in cancer. J Proteomics 2018; 171:95-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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21
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Yue Y, Song M, Qiao Y, Li P, Yuan Y, Lian J, Wang S, Zhang Y. Gene function analysis and underlying mechanism of esophagus cancer based on microarray gene expression profiling. Oncotarget 2017; 8:105222-105237. [PMID: 29285246 PMCID: PMC5739633 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most common digestive malignant tumors worldwide. Over the past decades, there have been minimal improvements in outcomes for patients with EC. New targets and novel therapies are needed to improve outcomes for these patients. This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms of EC by integrated bioinformatic analyses of the feature genes associated with EC and correlative gene functions which can distinguish cancerous tissues from non-cancerous tissues. Gene expression profile GSE20347 was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, including 17 EC samples and their paired adjacent non-cancerous samples. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between EC and normal specimens were identified and then applied to analyze the GO enrichment on gene functions and KEGG pathways. Corresponding Pathway Relation Network (Pathway-net) and Gene Signal Network (signal-net) of DEGs were established based on the data collected from GCBI datasets. The results showed that DEGs mainly participated in the process of cell adhesion, cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis. Aberrant expression of PTK2, MAPK signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway and MET were closely associated with EC carcinogenesis. Importantly, Interleukin 8 (IL8) and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 7 (CXCR-7) were predicted to be significantly related to EC. These findings were further validated by analyzing both TCGA database and our clinical samples of EC. Our discovery provides a registry of genes and pathways that are disrupted in EC, which has the potential to be used in clinic for diagnosis and target therapy of EC in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yue
- 1 Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China,2 Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China,3 The No.7. People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan 450016, China
| | - Mengjia Song
- 1 Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China,2 Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Yamin Qiao
- 1 Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China,2 Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Pupu Li
- 1 Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China,2 Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Yiqiang Yuan
- 3 The No.7. People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan 450016, China
| | - Jingyao Lian
- 1 Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China,2 Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Suying Wang
- 4 Clinical Laboratory, Hebi People's Hospital, Hebi 458030, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- 1 Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China,2 Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China,5 School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China,6 Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
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22
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Cotton S, Azevedo R, Gaiteiro C, Ferreira D, Lima L, Peixoto A, Fernandes E, Neves M, Neves D, Amaro T, Cruz R, Tavares A, Rangel M, Silva AMN, Santos LL, Ferreira JA. Targeted O-glycoproteomics explored increased sialylation and identified MUC16 as a poor prognosis biomarker in advanced-stage bladder tumours. Mol Oncol 2017; 11:895-912. [PMID: 28156048 PMCID: PMC5537688 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder carcinogenesis and tumour progression is accompanied by profound alterations in protein glycosylation on the cell surface, which may be explored for improving disease management. In a search for prognosis biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets we have screened, using immunohistochemistry, a series of bladder tumours with differing clinicopathology for short-chain O-glycans commonly found in glycoproteins of human solid tumours. These included the Tn and T antigens and their sialylated counterparts sialyl-Tn(STn) and sialyl-T(ST), which are generally associated with poor prognosis. We have also explored the nature of T antigen sialylation, namely the sialyl-3-T(S3T) and sialyl-6-T(S6T) sialoforms, based on combinations of enzymatic treatments. We observed a predominance of sialoglycans over neutral glycoforms (Tn and T antigens) in bladder tumours. In particular, the STn antigen was associated with high-grade disease and muscle invasion, in accordance with our previous observations. The S3T and S6T antigens were detected for the first time in bladder tumours, but not in healthy urothelia, highlighting their cancer-specific nature. These glycans were also overexpressed in advanced lesions, especially in cases showing muscle invasion. Glycoproteomic analyses of advanced bladder tumours based on enzymatic treatments, Vicia villosa lectin-affinity chromatography enrichment and nanoLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis resulted in the identification of several key cancer-associated glycoproteins (MUC16, CD44, integrins) carrying altered glycosylation. Of particular interest were MUC16 STn+ -glycoforms, characteristic of ovarian cancers, which were found in a subset of advanced-stage bladder tumours facing the worst prognosis. In summary, significant alterations in the O-glycome and O-glycoproteome of bladder tumours hold promise for the development of novel noninvasive diagnostic tools and targeted therapeutics. Furthermore, abnormal MUC16 glycoforms hold potential as surrogate biomarkers of poor prognosis and unique molecular signatures for designing highly specific targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Cotton
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Rita Azevedo
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristiana Gaiteiro
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Dylan Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Lima
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Peixoto
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Fernandes
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Neves
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diogo Neves
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - Teresina Amaro
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Pedro Hispano, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Cruz
- Department of Urology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Tavares
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Rangel
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - André M N Silva
- UCIBIO-REQUIMTE/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcio Lara Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Health School of University Fernando Pessoa, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Surgical Oncology, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Alexandre Ferreira
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology, Porto, Portugal.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal.,Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.ccc), Portugal
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23
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Wolters-Eisfeld G, Schumacher U. Lectin Histochemistry for Metastasizing and Non-metastasizing Cancer Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1560:121-132. [PMID: 28155149 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-6788-9_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Changes in glycosylation of the cancer cell glycocalyx are a hallmark of metastasizing cancers and critically contribute to distant metastasis. In this chapter we concentrate on two lectins capable of specifically binding tumor-associated glycans in cryostat or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections derived from primary clinical material, genetically engineered mouse models with endogenous cancer formation or xenograft mouse models. The snail lectin of Helix pomatia (HPA) binds N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) that is expressed among others as Tn antigen (O-linked GalNAc) in primary tumors and metastases in several human adenocarcinomas. Another lectin, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) binds to complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides associated with increased metastatic potential in breast, colon, and prostate cancer. Using these two lectins both O- and N-linked alterations in the glycocalyx of cancer cells can be monitored. As they are commercially available in a biotinylated or fluorescence-labeled form they can be readily used in cancer metastasis studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerrit Wolters-Eisfeld
- Medical Glycobiology Group, Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Udo Schumacher
- Department of Anatomy and Experimental Morphology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
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24
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Mo Z, Zheng S, Lv Z, Zhuang Y, Lan X, Wang F, Lu X, Zhao Y, Zhou S. Senescence marker protein 30 (SMP30) serves as a potential prognostic indicator in hepatocellular carcinoma. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39376. [PMID: 27991558 PMCID: PMC5171839 DOI: 10.1038/srep39376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescence marker protein 30 (SMP30) has been identified as a tumor-related molecule of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Its clinical significance and underlying mechanisms in HCC tissues, however, remain largely unexplored. We have demonstrated a preferentially expressed SMP30 in normal liver using a tissue microarray. By employing real-time quantitative PCR, two tissue microarrays and Oncomine database analysis, we have also shown that the SMP30 in HCC tissues has significantly reduced when compared with that in paired adjacent non-tumor tissues (P = 0.0037). The reduced expression of SMP30 is very noticeably related to larger tumor size (P = 0.012), enhanced TNM (P = 0.009) and worse survival (P < 0.0001) in HCC patients. The analyses using Cox regression have indicated that the decreased SMP30 expression is an independent risk to the reduced overall survival rate of HCC patients (P = 0.001), and the down-regulation of SMP30 in HCC might be mediated by DNA methylation. Moreover, genes co-expressed with SMP30 may affect the prognosis through apoptotic process, biological adhesion and blood coagulation by PANTHER analyses. Our studies have indicated that the SMP30 may serve as a candidate of HCC clinical prognostic marker and a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijing Mo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Shunxin Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Zhilue Lv
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiuwan Lan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Xiaoling Lu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yongxiang Zhao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Sufang Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis and Therapy Research, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
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