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Khanduja JS, Joh RI, Perez MM, Paulo JA, Palmieri CM, Zhang J, Gulka AOD, Haas W, Gygi SP, Motamedi M. RNA quality control factors nucleate Clr4/SUV39H and trigger constitutive heterochromatin assembly. Cell 2024; 187:3262-3283.e23. [PMID: 38815580 PMCID: PMC11227895 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
In eukaryotes, the Suv39 family of proteins tri-methylate lysine 9 of histone H3 (H3K9me) to form constitutive heterochromatin. However, how Suv39 proteins are nucleated at heterochromatin is not fully described. In the fission yeast, current models posit that Argonaute1-associated small RNAs (sRNAs) nucleate the sole H3K9 methyltransferase, Clr4/SUV39H, to centromeres. Here, we show that in the absence of all sRNAs and H3K9me, the Mtl1 and Red1 core (MTREC)/PAXT complex nucleates Clr4/SUV39H at a heterochromatic long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) at which the two H3K9 deacetylases, Sir2 and Clr3, also accumulate by distinct mechanisms. Iterative cycles of H3K9 deacetylation and methylation spread Clr4/SUV39H from the nucleation center in an sRNA-independent manner, generating a basal H3K9me state. This is acted upon by the RNAi machinery to augment and amplify the Clr4/H3K9me signal at centromeres to establish heterochromatin. Overall, our data reveal that lncRNAs and RNA quality control factors can nucleate heterochromatin and function as epigenetic silencers in eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasbeer S Khanduja
- Massachusetts General Hospital Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Richard I Joh
- Massachusetts General Hospital Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Monica M Perez
- Massachusetts General Hospital Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Joao A Paulo
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christina M Palmieri
- Massachusetts General Hospital Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Jingyu Zhang
- Massachusetts General Hospital Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Alex O D Gulka
- Massachusetts General Hospital Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Willhelm Haas
- Massachusetts General Hospital Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Steven P Gygi
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mo Motamedi
- Massachusetts General Hospital Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
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2
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Wu S, Ren W, Hong J, Yang Y, Lu Y. Ablation of histone methyltransferase Suv39h2 in hepatocytes attenuates NASH in mice. Life Sci 2024; 343:122524. [PMID: 38401627 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is characterized by aberrant lipid metabolism in hepatocytes. We investigated the involvement of a histone H3K9 methyltransferase Suv39h2 in the pathogenesis of NASH. METHODS AND MATERIALS NASH is induced by feeding the mice with a high-fat high-carbohydrate (HFHC) diet or a high-fat choline-deficient amino acid defined (HFD-CDAA) diet. The Suv39h2f/f mice were crossbred with the Alb-Cre mice to specifically delete Suv39h2 in hepatocytes. KEY FINDINGS Ablation of Suv39h2 in hepatocytes improved insulin sensitivity of the mice fed either the HFHC diet or the CDAA-HFD diet. Importantly, Suv39h2 deletion significantly ameliorated NAFLD as evidenced by reduced lipid accumulation, inflammation, and fibrosis in the liver. RNA-seq uncovered Vanin-1 (Vnn1) as a novel transcriptional target for Suv39h2. Mechanistically, Suv39h2 repressed Vnn1 transcription in hepatocytes exposed to free fatty acids. Consistently, Vanin-1 knockdown normalized lipid accumulation in Suv39h2-null hepatocytes. Importantly, a significant correlation between Suv39h2, Vanin-1, and hepatic triglyceride levels was identified in NASH patients. SIGNIFICANCE Our study uncovers a novel mechanism whereby Suv39h2 may contribute to NASH pathogenesis and suggests that targeting the Suv39h2-Vanin-1 axis may yield novel therapeutic solutions against NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqiang Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjing Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiameng Hong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuyu Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yunjie Lu
- Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, China; Africa Hepatopancreatobiliary Cancer Consortium, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, USA.
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3
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Ye J, Zhang J, Ding W. DNA methylation modulates epigenetic regulation in colorectal cancer diagnosis, prognosis and precision medicine. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2024; 5:34-53. [PMID: 38464391 PMCID: PMC10918240 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2024.00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a multifaceted disease influenced by the interplay of genetic and environmental factors. The clinical heterogeneity of CRC cannot be attributed exclusively to genetic diversity and environmental exposures, and epigenetic markers, especially DNA methylation, play a critical role as key molecular markers of cancer. This review compiles a comprehensive body of evidence underscoring the significant involvement of DNA methylation modifications in the pathogenesis of CRC. Moreover, this review explores the potential utility of DNA methylation in cancer diagnosis, prognostics, assessment of disease activity, and prediction of drug responses. Recognizing the impact of DNA methylation will enhance the ability to identify distinct CRC subtypes, paving the way for personalized treatment strategies and advancing precision medicine in the management of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxin Ye
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian 223800, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weifeng Ding
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
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4
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Ajithkumar P, Vasantharajan SS, Pattison S, McCall JL, Rodger EJ, Chatterjee A. Exploring Potential Epigenetic Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:874. [PMID: 38255946 PMCID: PMC10815915 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Metastatic progression is a complex, multistep process and the leading cause of cancer mortality. There is growing evidence that emphasises the significance of epigenetic modification, specifically DNA methylation and histone modifications, in influencing colorectal (CRC) metastasis. Epigenetic modifications influence the expression of genes involved in various cellular processes, including the pathways associated with metastasis. These modifications could contribute to metastatic progression by enhancing oncogenes and silencing tumour suppressor genes. Moreover, specific epigenetic alterations enable cancer cells to acquire invasive and metastatic characteristics by altering cell adhesion, migration, and invasion-related pathways. Exploring the involvement of DNA methylation and histone modification is crucial for identifying biomarkers that impact cancer prediction for metastasis in CRC. This review provides a summary of the potential epigenetic biomarkers associated with metastasis in CRC, particularly DNA methylation and histone modifications, and examines the pathways associated with these biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyadarshana Ajithkumar
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (P.A.)
| | - Sai Shyam Vasantharajan
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (P.A.)
| | - Sharon Pattison
- Department of Medicine, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - John L. McCall
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Euan J. Rodger
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (P.A.)
| | - Aniruddha Chatterjee
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand; (P.A.)
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, UPES University, Dehradun 248007, India
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5
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Sun D, Guo J, Liang W, Chen Y, Wei S, Li A, Wang L, Chen X. Histone methyltransferase SUV39H2 regulates apoptosis and chemosensitivity in prostate cancer through AKT/FOXO signaling pathway. Med Oncol 2024; 41:44. [PMID: 38170382 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02252-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignant tumors that exhibit both chemoresistance and recurrence. SUV39H2 is highly expressed in many types of human tumors, but its role in the development and progression of PCa has never been clarified. The aim of this study is to elucidate the role of SUV39H2 in the development and progression of PCa, its association with the AKT/FOXO signaling pathway, and its potential implications for PCa diagnosis and treatment. SUV39H2 expression was analyzed in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and genotype tissue expression pan-cancer data. The TCGA database was evaluated for SUV39H2 enrichment and its correlation to immune cell infiltration. SUV39H2 levels in PCa tissues and control tissues were determined in 30 patients using qPCR and IHC. Clinical relevance was assessed via The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). In vitro assessments including colony formation assays, Western Blot analysis, CCK-8 assays, and flow cytometry were utilized to establish SUV39H2's contribution to PCa cell growth. The influence of SUV39H2 on PC3 and DU145 cell proliferation was assessed through a cell line-derived xenograft model. Sphere formation assays and qPCR were employed to delineate SUV39H2's role in PCa stemness and chemosensitivity. In vitro macrophage polarization assays provided insights into SUV39H2's association with M2 macrophages, while enrichment analysis shed light on its role in FOXO signaling. PCa tissues expressed higher levels of SUV39H2 than normal tissues. By knocking down SUV39H2, PCa cells were made more chemosensitive to docetaxel and cell proliferation and stemness were inhibited. Additionally, SUV39H2 knockdown significantly inhibited in vivo PCa cell growth and inhibited the polarization of macrophages. Furthermore, SUV39H2 was found to regulate AKT/FOXO signaling by increasing Akt and FOXO3a phosphorylation. Our findings highlight SUV39H2's role in PCa cell apoptosis and chemosensitivity mainly by regulating the AKT/FOXO signaling pathway and suggest that SUV39H2 could be a potential target for PCa diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donglin Sun
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518100, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Weifei Liang
- Qingyuan People's Hospital, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, 511500, Guangdong, China
| | - Yangxiao Chen
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Shuqi Wei
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital and Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Ai Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Wang
- Nephrology Department, Southern Medical University Affiliated Longhua People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Xiangqiu Chen
- Department of Urology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518100, China.
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Alshahrani SH, Yuliastanti T, Al-Dolaimy F, Korotkova NL, Rasulova I, Almuala AF, Alsaalamy A, Ali SHJ, Alasheqi MQ, Mustafa YF. A glimpse into let-7e roles in human disorders; friend or foe? Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:154992. [PMID: 38103367 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been linked to abnormal expression and regulation in a number of diseases, including cancer. Recent studies have concentrated on miRNA Let-7e's significance in precision medicine for cancer screening and diagnosis as well as its prognostic and therapeutic potential. Differential let-7e levels in bodily fluids have the possibility to enable early detection of cancer utilizing less-invasive techniques, reducing biopsy-related risks. Although Let-7e miRNAs have been described as tumor suppressors, it is crucial to note that there exists proof to support their oncogenic activity in vitro and in in vivo. Let-7e's significance in chemo- and radiation treatment decisions has also been demonstrated. Let-7e can also prevent the synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines in a number of degenerative disorders, including musculoskeletal and neurological conditions. For the first time, an overview of the significance of let-7e in the prevention, detection, and therapy of cancer and other conditions has been given in the current review. Additionally, we focused on the specific molecular processes that underlie the actions of let-7e, more particularly, on malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nadezhda L Korotkova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation; Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Privolzhsky Research Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Nizhny Novgorod, Russian Federation
| | - Irodakhon Rasulova
- School of Humanities, Natural & Social Sciences, New Uzbekistan University, 54 Mustaqillik Ave., Tashkent 100007, Uzbekistan; Department of Public Health, Samarkand State Medical University, Amir Temur Street 18, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Abbas Firras Almuala
- College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Iraq; College of Technical Engineering, the Islamic University of Babylon, Iraq
| | - Ali Alsaalamy
- College of Technical Engineering, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Al-Muthanna 66002, Iraq
| | - Saad Hayif Jasim Ali
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Health and Medical Technololgy, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | | | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul 41001, Iraq
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7
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Chen TQ, Guo X, Huo B, Zhong XX, Wang QH, Chen Y, Zhu XH, Feng GK, Jiang DS, Fang ZM, Wei X. BRD4770 inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation via SUV39H2, but not EHMT2 to protect against neointima formation. Hum Cell 2023; 36:1672-1688. [PMID: 37306883 PMCID: PMC10390615 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00924-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The behavior of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) contributes to the formation of neointima. We previously found that EHMT2 suppressed autophagy activation in VSMCs. BRD4770, an inhibitor of EHMT2/G9a, plays a critical role in several kinds of cancers. However, whether and how BRD4770 regulates the behavior of VSMCs remain unknown. In this study, we evaluate the cellular effect of BRD4770 on VSMCs by series of experiments in vivo and ex vivo. We demonstrated that BRD4770 inhibited VSMCs' growth by blockage in G2/M phase in VSMCs. Moreover, our results demonstrated that the inhibition of proliferation was independent on autophagy or EHMT2 suppression which we previous reported. Mechanistically, BRD4770 exhibited an off-target effect from EHMT2 and our further study reveal that the proliferation inhibitory effect by BRD4770 was associated with suppressing on SUV39H2/KTM1B. In vivo, BRD4770 was also verified to rescue VIH. Thus, BRD4770 function as a crucial negative regulator of VSMC proliferation via SUV39H2 and G2/M cell cycle arrest and BRD4770 could be a molecule for the therapy of vascular restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Qiang Chen
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xian Guo
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Huo
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Xuan Zhong
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qun-Hui Wang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xue-Hai Zhu
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Minist of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Gao-Ke Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ding-Sheng Jiang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Minist of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Ze-Min Fang
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xiang Wei
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Sino-Swiss Heart-Lung Transplantation Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Minist of Education, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.
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8
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Abdelaziz N, Therachiyil L, Sadida HQ, Ali AM, Khan OS, Singh M, Khan AQ, Akil ASAS, Bhat AA, Uddin S. Epigenetic inhibitors and their role in cancer therapy. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 380:211-251. [PMID: 37657859 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications to DNA are crucial for normal cellular and biological functioning. DNA methylation, histone modifications, and chromatin remodeling are the most common epigenetic mechanisms. These changes are heritable but still reversible. The aberrant epigenetic alterations, such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA (ncRNA)-mediated gene regulation, play an essential role in developing various human diseases, including cancer. Recent studies show that synthetic and dietary epigenetic inhibitors attenuate the abnormal epigenetic modifications in cancer cells and therefore have strong potential for cancer treatment. In this chapter, we have highlighted various types of epigenetic modifications, their mechanism, and as drug targets for epigenetic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouha Abdelaziz
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Lubna Therachiyil
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hana Q Sadida
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Omar S Khan
- Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
| | - Mayank Singh
- Department of Medical Oncology (Lab), BRAIRCH All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Abdul Q Khan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ammira S Al-Shabeeb Akil
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ajaz A Bhat
- Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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9
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Toubhans B, Alkafri N, Quintela M, James DW, Bissardon C, Gazze S, Knodel F, Proux O, Gourlan AT, Rathert P, Bohic S, Gonzalez D, Francis LW, Charlet L, Conlan RS. Selenium nanoparticles modulate histone methylation via lysine methyltransferase activity and S-adenosylhomocysteine depletion. Redox Biol 2023; 61:102641. [PMID: 36842241 PMCID: PMC9988660 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
At physiological levels, the trace element selenium plays a key role in redox reactions through the incorporation of selenocysteine in antioxidant enzymes. Selenium has also been evaluated as a potential anti-cancer agent, where selenium nanoparticles have proven effective, and are well tolerated in vivo at doses that are toxic as soluble Se. The use of such nanoparticles, coated with either serum albumin or the naturally occurring alkaline polysaccharide chitosan, also serves to enhance biocompatibility and bioavailability. Here we demonstrate a novel role for selenium in regulating histone methylation in ovarian cancer cell models treated with inorganic selenium nanoparticles coated with serum albumin or chitosan. As well as inducing thioredoxin reductase expression, ROS activity and cancer cell cytotoxicity, coated nanoparticles caused significant increases in histone methylation. Specifically, selenium nanoparticles triggered an increase in the methylation of histone 3 at lysines K9 and K27, histone marks involved in both the activation and repression of gene expression, thus suggesting a fundamental role for selenium in these epigenetic processes. This direct function was confirmed using chemical inhibitors of the histone lysine methyltransferases EZH2 (H3K27) and G9a/EHMT2 (H3K9), both of which blocked the effect of selenium on histone methylation. This novel role for selenium supports a distinct function in histone methylation that occurs due to a decrease in S-adenosylhomocysteine, an endogenous inhibitor of lysine methyltransferases, the metabolic product of methyl-group transfer from S-adenosylmethionine in the one-carbon metabolism pathway. These observations provide important new insights into the action of selenium nanoparticles. It is now important to consider both the classic antioxidant and novel histone methylation effects of this key redox element in its development in cancer therapy and other applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Toubhans
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK; Université Grenoble Alpes, ISTerre, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Nour Alkafri
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Marcos Quintela
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - David W James
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Caroline Bissardon
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, UA7 STROBE, Synchrotron Radiation for Biomedicine, Grenoble, France
| | - Salvatore Gazze
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Franziska Knodel
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University of Stuttgart, D-70550, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Olivier Proux
- OSUG, UAR 832 CNRS, Université Grenoble Alpes, 38041, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Philipp Rathert
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University of Stuttgart, D-70550, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Sylvain Bohic
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, UA7 STROBE, Synchrotron Radiation for Biomedicine, Grenoble, France; ESRF, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CS, 40220, 38043, Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Deyarina Gonzalez
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Lewis W Francis
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK
| | | | - R Steven Conlan
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK.
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10
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Yang J, Xu P, Chen Z, Zhang X, Xia Y, Fang L, Xie L, Li B, Xu Z. N6-methyadenosine modified SUV39H2 regulates homologous recombination through epigenetic repression of DUSP6 in gastric cancer. Cancer Lett 2023; 558:216092. [PMID: 36806557 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Despite many advances in treatment over the past few years, the poor 5-year survival rate and high recurrence rate of gastric cancer (GC) remain unsatisfactory. As the most abundant epigenetic modification in the eukaryotic mRNA, N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation participates in tumor progression and tissue development. During tumor progression, DNA damage repair mechanisms can be reprogrammed to give new growth advantages on tumor clones whose genomic integrity is disturbed. Here we detected the elevated SUV39H2 expression in GC tissues and cell lines. Functionally, SUV39H2 promoted GC proliferation and inhibited apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, METTL3-mediated m6A modification promotes mRNA stability of SUV39H2 in an IGF2BP2 dependent manner, resulting in upregulated mRNA expression of SUV39H2. As a histone methyltransferase, SUV39H2 was verified to increase the phosphorylation level of ATM through transcriptional repression of DUSP6, thereby promoting HRR and ultimately inhibiting GC chemosensitivity to cisplatin. Collectively, these results indicate the specific mechanism of m6A-modified SUV39H2 as a histone methyltransferase promoting HRR to inhibit the chemosensitivity of GC. SUV39H2 is expected to become a key target in the precision targeted therapy of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Penghui Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zetian Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yiwen Xia
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lang Fang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li Xie
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bowen Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zekuan Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Collaborative Innovation Center for Personalized Cancer Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, China.
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Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Han J. The Role of Histone Modification in DNA Replication-Coupled Nucleosome Assembly and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054939. [PMID: 36902370 PMCID: PMC10003558 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone modification regulates replication-coupled nucleosome assembly, DNA damage repair, and gene transcription. Changes or mutations in factors involved in nucleosome assembly are closely related to the development and pathogenesis of cancer and other human diseases and are essential for maintaining genomic stability and epigenetic information transmission. In this review, we discuss the role of different types of histone posttranslational modifications in DNA replication-coupled nucleosome assembly and disease. In recent years, histone modification has been found to affect the deposition of newly synthesized histones and the repair of DNA damage, further affecting the assembly process of DNA replication-coupled nucleosomes. We summarize the role of histone modification in the nucleosome assembly process. At the same time, we review the mechanism of histone modification in cancer development and briefly describe the application of histone modification small molecule inhibitors in cancer therapy.
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Roy A, Niharika, Chakraborty S, Mishra J, Singh SP, Patra SK. Mechanistic aspects of reversible methylation modifications of arginine and lysine of nuclear histones and their roles in human colon cancer. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 197:261-302. [PMID: 37019596 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Developmental proceedings and maintenance of cellular homeostasis are regulated by the precise orchestration of a series of epigenetic events that eventually control gene expression. DNA methylation and post-translational modifications (PTMs) of histones are well-characterized epigenetic events responsible for fine-tuning gene expression. PTMs of histones bear molecular logic of gene expression at chromosomal territory and have become a fascinating field of epigenetics. Nowadays, reversible methylation on histone arginine and lysine is gaining increasing attention as a significant PTM related to reorganizing local nucleosomal structure, chromatin dynamics, and transcriptional regulation. It is now well-accepted and reported that histone marks play crucial roles in colon cancer initiation and progression by encouraging abnormal epigenomic reprogramming. It is becoming increasingly clear that multiple PTM marks at the N-terminal tails of the core histones cross-talk with one another to intricately regulate DNA-templated biological processes such as replication, transcription, recombination, and damage repair in several malignancies, including colon cancer. These functional cross-talks provide an additional layer of message, which spatiotemporally fine-tunes the overall gene expression regulation. Nowadays, it is evident that several PTMs instigate colon cancer development. How colon cancer-specific PTM patterns or codes are generated and how they affect downstream molecular events are uncovered to some extent. Future studies would address more about epigenetic communication, and the relationship between histone modification marks to define cellular functions in depth. This chapter will comprehensively highlight the importance of histone arginine and lysine-based methylation modifications and their functional cross-talk with other histone marks from the perspective of colon cancer development.
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Yang S, Chen W, Jin S, Luo G, Jing X, Liu Q, Reinach PS, Qu J, Yan D. SUV39H1 regulates corneal epithelial wound healing via H3K9me3-mediated repression of p27. EYE AND VISION 2022; 9:4. [PMID: 35101125 PMCID: PMC8805298 DOI: 10.1186/s40662-022-00275-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Corneal epithelial wound healing (CEWH) is vital for maintaining the integrity and barrier function of the cornea. Although histone modifications mediating gene expression patterns is fundamental in some other tissues, it remains unclear whether these gene regulation patterns underlie CEWH. Suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog 1 (SUV39H1) plays a vital role in mediating gene silencing via histone H3 trimethylation of lysine 9 (H3K9me3). This study aims to characterize the comprehensive signature of epigenetic modifiers and determine the role of SUV39H1 in CEWH. Methods NanoString nCounter technology was used to detect the differentially expressed epigenetic modifiers during CEWH. Bioinformatic analyses were performed to reveal their involvement in this process. After knockdown of SUV39H1 with siRNA transfection, we determined the function of SUV39H1 on cell proliferation and migration in human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) via MTS, EdU, and wound-healing assay, respectively. Flow cytometry analysis further confirmed the effect of SUV39H1 on the cell cycle of HCECs. Loss-of-function assays for SUV39H1 with siRNA injection or chaetocin assessed the role of SUV39H1 on CEWH in vivo. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting characterized the expression of SUV39H1 and its target genes. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay was used to evaluate the distributions of H3K9me3 marks at the promoters of SUV39H1 target genes. Results We first identified 92 differentially expressed epigenetic modifiers and revealed their involvement during CEWH. SUV39H1 was confirmed to be upregulated in response to corneal injury. Its downregulation significantly inhibited HCEC proliferation and retarded in vivo CEWH. Furthermore, knockdown of SUV39H1 upregulated the p27 expression level and reduced H3K9me3 marks at p27 promoter in HCECs. In addition, p27 was remarkably downregulated with elevated H3K9me3 marks at its promoter during in vivo CEWH. Conclusions SUV39H1 plays a critical role in regulating corneal epithelial cell proliferation via H3K9me3-mediated suppression of p27 during CEWH. Our findings suggest that epigenetic modifiers such as SUV39H1 can be potential therapeutic approaches to accelerate corneal repair. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40662-022-00275-5.
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Alterations in the p53 isoform ratio govern breast cancer cell fate in response to DNA damage. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:907. [PMID: 36307393 PMCID: PMC9616954 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05349-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Our previous studies have shown that p53 isoform expression is altered in breast cancer and related to prognosis. In particular, a high ∆40p53:p53α ratio is associated with worse disease-free survival. In this manuscript, the influence of altered Δ40p53 and p53α levels on the response to standard of care DNA-damaging agents used in breast cancer treatment was investigated in vitro. Our results revealed that a high Δ40p53:p53α ratio causes cells to respond differently to doxorubicin and cisplatin treatments. Δ40p53 overexpression significantly impairs the cells' sensitivity to doxorubicin through reducing apoptosis and DNA damage, whereas Δ40p53 knockdown has the opposite effect. Further, a high Δ40p53:p53α ratio inhibited the differential expression of several genes following doxorubicin and promoted DNA repair, impairing the cells' canonical response. Overall, our results suggest that the response of breast cancer cells to standard of care DNA-damaging therapies is dependent on the expression of p53 isoforms, which may contribute to outcomes in breast cancer.
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15
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Fu W, Ding J, You X, Li Q, Pei X, Qin G. Four types of
RNA
modification writers predict the prognosis of prostate cancer. Andrologia 2022; 54:e14552. [DOI: 10.1111/and.14552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fu
- Department of Andrology, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Shenzhen China
- Department of Andrology Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (The First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine) Kunming Yunnan China
- Xiamen Hospital (The Eighth Clinical Medical College) Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Xiamen China
| | - Jin Ding
- Department of Andrology, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Shenzhen China
| | - Xujun You
- Department of Andrology, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Shenzhen China
| | - Qixin Li
- Department of Andrology, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine Shenzhen China
| | - Xiaohua Pei
- Xiamen Hospital (The Eighth Clinical Medical College) Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Xiamen China
| | - Guozheng Qin
- Department of Andrology Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (The First Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine) Kunming Yunnan China
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Su R, Wu X, Tao L, Wang C. The role of epigenetic modifications in Colorectal Cancer Metastasis. Clin Exp Metastasis 2022; 39:521-539. [PMID: 35429301 PMCID: PMC9338907 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-022-10163-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Distant metastasis is the major contributor to the high mortality rate of colorectal cancer (CRC). To overcome the poor prognosis caused by distant metastasis, the mechanisms of CRC metastasis should be further explored. Epigenetic events are the main mediators of gene regulation and further affect tumor progression. Recent studies have found that some epigenetic enzymes are often dysregulated or mutated in multiple tumor types, which prompted us to study the roles of these enzymes in CRC metastasis. In this review, we summarized the alteration of enzymes related to various modifications, including histone modification, nonhistone modification, DNA methylation, and RNA methylation, and their epigenetic mechanisms during the progression of CRC metastasis. Existing data suggest that targeting epigenetic enzymes is a promising strategy for the treatment of CRC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riya Su
- Department of pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinlin Wu
- Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China
| | - Liang Tao
- Department of pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Changshan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China.
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Zheng Y, Xiao M, Zhang J, Chang F. Micro RNA-640 Targeting SLIT1 Enhances Glioma Radiosensitivity by Restraining the Activation of Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Br J Biomed Sci 2022; 79:10067. [PMID: 35996510 PMCID: PMC9302537 DOI: 10.3389/bjbs.2022.10067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of miR-640–SLIT1 axis and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway on radiosensitivity of glioma cells.Methods: Relative expressions of miR-640 and slit guidance ligand 1 (SLIT1) in glioma tissues and glioma cell lines U251 and A172 were detected using RT-qPCR. The cell lines were transfected with si-SLIT1 or miR-640 inhibitor to study the radiosensitivity of glioma cells. We detected cell activity using CCK-8 assay, cell migration using wound healing assay, cell invasion using transwell assay, and apoptosis using caspase-3 assay.Results: SLIT1 was upregulated in glioma tissues and cell lines, and inversely correlated with radiation sensitivity. Its knockdown reduced radioresistance, migration, and invasion, but increased apoptosis in U251 and A17 cells. Loss of miR-640 activity upregulated SLIT1, Wnt, and β-catenin protein expression, whereas it inhibited p-GSK-3β protein levels in U251 and A17 cells. These results suggest that miR-640 mediates the radiosensitivity of glioma cells through SLIT1 and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Conclusion: The miR-640–SLIT1 axis that regulates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is a possible therapeutic option for the effective treatment of glioma in combination with radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamei Zheng
- Department of Oncology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Mingyue Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jingqiong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fei Chang
- Department of Neurology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- *Correspondence: Fei Chang,
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Feoli A, Viviano M, Cipriano A, Milite C, Castellano S, Sbardella G. Lysine methyltransferase inhibitors: where we are now. RSC Chem Biol 2022; 3:359-406. [PMID: 35441141 PMCID: PMC8985178 DOI: 10.1039/d1cb00196e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein lysine methyltransferases constitute a large family of epigenetic writers that catalyse the transfer of a methyl group from the cofactor S-adenosyl-l-methionine to histone- and non-histone-specific substrates. Alterations in the expression and activity of these proteins have been linked to the genesis and progress of several diseases, including cancer, neurological disorders, and growing defects, hence they represent interesting targets for new therapeutic approaches. Over the past two decades, the identification of modulators of lysine methyltransferases has increased tremendously, clarifying the role of these proteins in different physio-pathological states. The aim of this review is to furnish an updated outlook about the protein lysine methyltransferases disclosed modulators, reporting their potency, their mechanism of action and their eventual use in clinical and preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Feoli
- Department of Pharmacy, Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, University of Salerno via Giovanni Paolo II 132 I-84084 Fisciano SA Italy +39-089-96-9602 +39-089-96-9770
| | - Monica Viviano
- Department of Pharmacy, Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, University of Salerno via Giovanni Paolo II 132 I-84084 Fisciano SA Italy +39-089-96-9602 +39-089-96-9770
| | - Alessandra Cipriano
- Department of Pharmacy, Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, University of Salerno via Giovanni Paolo II 132 I-84084 Fisciano SA Italy +39-089-96-9602 +39-089-96-9770
| | - Ciro Milite
- Department of Pharmacy, Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, University of Salerno via Giovanni Paolo II 132 I-84084 Fisciano SA Italy +39-089-96-9602 +39-089-96-9770
| | - Sabrina Castellano
- Department of Pharmacy, Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, University of Salerno via Giovanni Paolo II 132 I-84084 Fisciano SA Italy +39-089-96-9602 +39-089-96-9770
| | - Gianluca Sbardella
- Department of Pharmacy, Epigenetic Med Chem Lab, University of Salerno via Giovanni Paolo II 132 I-84084 Fisciano SA Italy +39-089-96-9602 +39-089-96-9770
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Weirich S, Khella MS, Jeltsch A. Structure, Activity and Function of the Suv39h1 and Suv39h2 Protein Lysine Methyltransferases. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11070703. [PMID: 34357075 PMCID: PMC8303541 DOI: 10.3390/life11070703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
SUV39H1 and SUV39H2 were the first protein lysine methyltransferases that were identified more than 20 years ago. Both enzymes introduce di- and trimethylation at histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) and have important roles in the maintenance of heterochromatin and gene repression. They consist of a catalytically active SET domain and a chromodomain, which binds H3K9me2/3 and has roles in enzyme targeting and regulation. The heterochromatic targeting of SUV39H enzymes is further enhanced by the interaction with HP1 proteins and repeat-associated RNA. SUV39H1 and SUV39H2 recognize an RKST motif with additional residues on both sides, mainly K4 in the case of SUV39H1 and G12 in the case of SUV39H2. Both SUV39H enzymes methylate different non-histone proteins including RAG2, DOT1L, SET8 and HupB in the case of SUV39H1 and LSD1 in the case of SUV39H2. Both enzymes are expressed in embryonic cells and have broad expression profiles in the adult body. SUV39H1 shows little tissue preference except thymus, while SUV39H2 is more highly expressed in the brain, testis and thymus. Both enzymes are connected to cancer, having oncogenic or tumor-suppressive roles depending on the tumor type. In addition, SUV39H2 has roles in the brain during early neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Weirich
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; (S.W.); (M.S.K.)
| | - Mina S. Khella
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; (S.W.); (M.S.K.)
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Union Organization Street, Abbassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Albert Jeltsch
- Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany; (S.W.); (M.S.K.)
- Correspondence:
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20
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Lin CQ, Chen LK. Effect of differential hypoxia-related gene expression on glioblastoma. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:3000605211013774. [PMID: 34024193 PMCID: PMC8150423 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211013774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Glioblastoma (GB) is a refractory malignancy with a high rate of recurrence and treatment resistance. Hypoxia-related genes are promising prognostic indicators for GB, so we herein developed a reliable hypoxia-related gene risk scoring model to predict the prognosis of patients with GB. Method Gene expression profiles and corresponding clinicopathological features of patients with GB were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA; n = 160) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) GSE7696 (n = 80) databases. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses of differentially expressed hypoxia-related genes were performed using R 3.5.1 software. Result Fourteen prognosis-related genes were identified and used to construct a risk signature. Patients with high-risk scores had significantly lower overall survival (OS) than those with low-risk scores. The median risk score was used as a critical value and for OS prediction in an independent external verification GSE7696 cohort. Risk score was not significantly affected by clinical-related factors. We also developed a prediction nomogram based on the TCGA training set to predict survival rates, and included six independent prognostic parameters in the TCGA prediction model. Conclusion We determined a reliable hypoxia-related gene risk scoring model for predicting the prognosis of patients with GB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Qun Lin
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu-Kui Chen
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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21
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Cao L, Dai X, Huang S, Shen K, Shi D, Li X. Inhibition of Suv39h1/2 expression improves the early development of Debao porcine somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos. Reprod Domest Anim 2021; 56:992-1003. [PMID: 33890331 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog (Suv39h)1 and 2, Histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3)-specific methyltransferases, are mainly involved in regulating the dynamic changes of H3K9me3. Regulating Suv39h expression influences the early development of mice somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos, there are few reports concerning their features in domestic animals. The aim of the present study was to characterize the Suv39h function in early development of Debao porcine SCNT embryos. The global level of H3K9me3 and the expression profiles of Suv39h1/2 in porcine early embryos were analysed by immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR methods, respectively. Their roles in cell proliferation and histone modification of Debao porcine foetal fibroblast cells (PFFs), and developmental competence of porcine SCNT embryos were investigated by shRNA technology. The methylation levels of H3K9me3 and the expression patterns of Suv39h1 and Suv39h2 were similar (p < .05), and both of them displayed higher levels in Debao porcine SCNT embryos compared with that in PA embryos. The global levels of H3K9me3 and the expressions of G9a, HDAC1 and DNMT1 were decreased by combined inhibition of Suv39h1 and Suv39h2 (p < .05), while the expression of HAT1 was increased (p < .05). Downregulation of Suv39h1/2 also promoted cell proliferation and resulted in a significant increase in the expression of CyclinA2, CyclinB and PCNA in PFFs (p < .05). Furthermore, the use of donor somatic nuclei which depleted H3K9me3 by inhibiting Suv39h1/2 expression markedly increased the cleavage rate, the blastocyst rate and the total cell number of blastocysts of Debao porcine SCNT embryos (p < .05). Altogether, the above results indicate that H3K9me3 levels and Suv39h1/2 expressions display similar patterns in porcine early embryo, and low levels of them are critical to cell proliferation of PFFs and early development of SCNT embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaoli Dai
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Shihai Huang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Kaiyuan Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Deshun Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiangping Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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22
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Dai X, Jiang W, Ma L, Sun J, Yan X, Qian J, Wang Y, Shi Y, Ni S, Yao N. A metabolism-related gene signature for predicting the prognosis and therapeutic responses in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:500. [PMID: 33850897 PMCID: PMC8039687 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) often has an insidious onset and rapid progression. Often, when the disease is first diagnosed, the opportune time for surgical intervention has already lapsed. In addition, the effects of systemic treatment is relatively unsatisfactory. Metabolic reprogramming is one of the hallmarks of cancer. This study aimed to identify a set of genes related to metabolism to construct a predictive model for the prognosis of HCC. Methods The transcriptomic and clinical data of 352 HCC patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (LIHC) dataset and divided into a training cohort (n=212) and a testing cohort (n=140) at a ratio of 6:4. Univariate Cox regression analysis and the LASSO Cox regression model were used to identify 5 genes to establish a risk score for predicting the prognosis of HCC patients. Subsequently, the molecular characteristics of the model were assessed and the ability of the model to predict the tumor immune microenvironment and patient response to immunotherapy and chemotherapy was also examined. Results The risk score model was constructed based on the five genes, methyltransferase-like protein 6 (METTL6), RNA polymerase III subunit G (POLR3G), phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate amidotransferase (PPAT), SET Domain Bifurcated 2 (SETDB2), and suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog 2 (SUV39H2). The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves demonstrated that high-risk patients had a poorer overall survival (OS) compared to low-risk patients. he nomogram score had a better predictive ability compared to the common factors. Our results finally showed that high-risk cases were associated with cell proliferation and cell cycle related gene sets, high tumor protein P53 (TP53) mutation rate, suppressive immunity and increased sensitivity to cisplatin, gemcitabine and docetaxel. Meanwhile, low-risk cases were associated with cell cycle and immune response related pathways, low TP53 mutation rate, active immunity and more benefit from immunotherapy. Conclusions This study provided novel insights into the role of metabolism-related genes in HCC, and demonstrated that our model could be a promising prognostic biomarker for distinguishing the molecular and immune characteristics and inferring the potential response to chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Dai
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Neurology, the Second People's Hospital of Wuxi, Wuxi, China
| | - Liang Ma
- Department of Chemotherapy, First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaodi Yan
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jing Qian
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yu Shi
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Shujie Ni
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ninghua Yao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
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Balmer P, Hariton WVJ, Sayar BS, Jagannathan V, Galichet A, Leeb T, Roosje P, Müller EJ. SUV39H2 epigenetic silencing controls fate conversion of epidermal stem and progenitor cells. J Cell Biol 2021; 220:211810. [PMID: 33604655 PMCID: PMC7898489 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201908178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic histone trimethylation on lysine 9 (H3K9me3) represents a major molecular signal for genome stability and gene silencing conserved from worms to man. However, the functional role of the H3K9 trimethylases SUV39H1/2 in mammalian tissue homeostasis remains largely unknown. Here, we use a spontaneous dog model with monogenic inheritance of a recessive SUV39H2 loss-of-function variant and impaired differentiation in the epidermis, a self-renewing tissue fueled by stem and progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation. Our results demonstrate that SUV39H2 maintains the stem and progenitor cell pool by restricting fate conversion through H3K9me3 repressive marks on gene promoters encoding components of the Wnt/p63/adhesion axis. When SUV39H2 function is lost, repression is relieved, and enhanced Wnt activity causes progenitor cells to prematurely exit the cell cycle, a process mimicked by pharmacological Wnt activation in primary canine, human, and mouse keratinocytes. As a consequence, the stem cell growth potential of cultured SUV39H2-deficient canine keratinocytes is exhausted while epidermal differentiation and genome stability are compromised. Collectively, our data identify SUV39H2 and potentially also SUV39H1 as major gatekeepers in the delicate balance of progenitor fate conversion through H3K9me3 rate-limiting road blocks in basal layer keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Balmer
- Division of Clinical Dermatology, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research, Molecular Dermatology and Stem Cell Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - William V J Hariton
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research, Molecular Dermatology and Stem Cell Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Beyza S Sayar
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research, Molecular Dermatology and Stem Cell Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Vidhya Jagannathan
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Galichet
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research, Molecular Dermatology and Stem Cell Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tosso Leeb
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Petra Roosje
- Division of Clinical Dermatology, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eliane J Müller
- Dermfocus, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department for BioMedical Research, Molecular Dermatology and Stem Cell Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Animal Pathology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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24
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Miao Y, Liu G, Liu L. Histone methyltransferase SUV39H2 regulates LSD1-dependent CDH1 expression and promotes epithelial mesenchymal transition of osteosarcoma. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:2. [PMID: 33397384 PMCID: PMC7784292 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01636-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant tumor characterized by the direct production of bone or osteoid tissues by proliferating tumor cells. Suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog 2 (SUV39H2) is implicated in the occurrence of OS. Therefore, we designed this study to investigate effects of SUV39H2 in OS meditated by the lysine specific demethylase-1/E-cadherin (LSD1/CDH1) axis. METHODS Clinical OS tissues and paracancerous tissues were collected for analysis of SUV39H2, LSD1 and CDH1 expression, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was applied to test the relationship between SUV39H2 expression and overall survival. Loss- and gain-of-function assays were conducted to determine the roles of SUV39H2, LSD1 and CDH1 in OS epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) and migration in OS cells, with quantitation of relevant proteins by immunofluorescence. We confirmed the effects of modulating the SUV39H2/CDH1 axis in a mouse OS tumor model. RESULTS SUV39H2 and LSD1 were highly expressed, while CDH1 was downregulated in OS tissues and cells. SUV39H2 expression correlated inversely with overall survival of patients with OS. SUV39H2 positively regulated LSD1 expression, while LSD1 negatively regulated CDH1 expression. SUV39H2 or LSD1 overexpression, or CDH1 silencing promoted migration and EMT, as indicated by reduced E-cadherin and dramatically upregulated Vimentin and N-cadherin of OS cells. SUV39H2 expedited the progression of OS, which was reversed by CDH1 repression in the setting of OS in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our results demonstrate highly expressed SUV39H2 in OS elevates the expression of LSD1 to downregulate CDH1 expression, thereby aggravating OS, providing a potential therapeutic target for treatment of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Miao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033 People’s Republic of China
| | - Guifeng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126, Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033 Jilin People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033 People’s Republic of China
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital of Jilin University, No. 126, Xiantai Street, Changchun, 130033 Jilin People’s Republic of China
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25
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Luo C, Lu Z, Chen Y, Chen X, Liu N, Chen J, Dong S. MicroRNA-640 promotes cell proliferation and adhesion in glioblastoma by targeting Slit guidance ligand 1. Oncol Lett 2020; 21:161. [PMID: 33552279 PMCID: PMC7798089 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) on glioblastoma have attracted the attention of researchers in the last 7 years. However, the role of miR-640 and its targeted gene, Slit guidance ligand 1 (SLIT1), in the development of glioblastoma are not yet fully understood. The present study aimed to investigate the role of miR-640 in the proliferation and adhesion of glioblastoma. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR analysis was performed to detect miR-640 and SLIT1 expression in glioblastoma tissues and cells. In addition, the Dual-luciferase reporter and RNA-pull down assays were performed to assess the association between miR-640 and SLIT1. The Cell Counting Kit-8, BrdU ELISA, cell adhesion and caspase-3 activity assays were also performed to assess cell viability, proliferation, adhesion and apoptosis of glioblastoma cells, respectively. The results demonstrated that miR-640 expression was upregulated in glioblastoma tissues and cells. In addition, miR-640 promoted the cell viability, proliferation and adhesion of glioblastoma cells, while inhibiting cell apoptosis. SLIT1, a direct downstream target of miR-640, was demonstrated to be downregulated in glioblastoma tissues and cells. Furthermore, overexpression of SLIT1 attenuated the promotive effect of miR-640 on glioblastoma cells. Taken together, these results suggest that miR-640 accelerates the proliferation and adhesion of glioblastoma cell lines by targeting and suppressing SLIT1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430034, P.R. China
| | - Zhiying Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Kunming Medical University Affiliated Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan 650034, P.R. China
| | - Yongli Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430034, P.R. China
| | - Xiaozhen Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430034, P.R. China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430034, P.R. China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430034, P.R. China
| | - Shanwu Dong
- Department of Pediatrics, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430034, P.R. China
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26
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Saha N, Muntean AG. Insight into the multi-faceted role of the SUV family of H3K9 methyltransferases in carcinogenesis and cancer progression. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1875:188498. [PMID: 33373647 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence implicates histone H3 lysine 9 methylation in tumorigenesis. The SUV family of H3K9 methyltransferases, which include G9a, GLP, SETDB1, SETDB2, SUV39H1 and SUV39H2 deposit H3K9me1/2/3 marks at euchromatic and heterochromatic regions, catalyzed by their conserved SET domain. In cancer, this family of enzymes can be deregulated by genomic alterations and transcriptional mis-expression leading to alteration of transcriptional programs. In solid and hematological malignancies, studies have uncovered pro-oncogenic roles for several H3K9 methyltransferases and accordingly, small molecule inhibitors are being tested as potential therapies. However, emerging evidence demonstrate onco-suppressive roles for these enzymes in cancer development as well. Here, we review the role H3K9 methyltransferases play in tumorigenesis focusing on gene targets and biological pathways affected due to misregulation of these enzymes. We also discuss molecular mechanisms regulating H3K9 methyltransferases and their influence on cancer. Finally, we describe the impact of H3K9 methylation on therapy induced resistance in carcinoma. Converging evidence point to multi-faceted roles for H3K9 methyltransferases in development and cancer that encourages a deeper understanding of these enzymes to inform novel therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmalya Saha
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States of America
| | - Andrew G Muntean
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States of America.
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27
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The role of histone methylation in the development of digestive cancers: a potential direction for cancer management. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:143. [PMID: 32747629 PMCID: PMC7398912 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-00252-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Digestive cancers are the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide and have high risks of morbidity and mortality. Histone methylation, which is mediated mainly by lysine methyltransferases, lysine demethylases, and protein arginine methyltransferases, has emerged as an essential mechanism regulating pathological processes in digestive cancers. Under certain conditions, aberrant expression of these modifiers leads to abnormal histone methylation or demethylation in the corresponding cancer-related genes, which contributes to different processes and phenotypes, such as carcinogenesis, proliferation, metabolic reprogramming, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, invasion, and migration, during digestive cancer development. In this review, we focus on the association between histone methylation regulation and the development of digestive cancers, including gastric cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, and colorectal cancer, as well as on its clinical application prospects, aiming to provide a new perspective on the management of digestive cancers.
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28
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Cheng Y, He C, Wang M, Ma X, Mo F, Yang S, Han J, Wei X. Targeting epigenetic regulators for cancer therapy: mechanisms and advances in clinical trials. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2019; 4:62. [PMID: 31871779 PMCID: PMC6915746 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-019-0095-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 543] [Impact Index Per Article: 108.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic alternations concern heritable yet reversible changes in histone or DNA modifications that regulate gene activity beyond the underlying sequence. Epigenetic dysregulation is often linked to human disease, notably cancer. With the development of various drugs targeting epigenetic regulators, epigenetic-targeted therapy has been applied in the treatment of hematological malignancies and has exhibited viable therapeutic potential for solid tumors in preclinical and clinical trials. In this review, we summarize the aberrant functions of enzymes in DNA methylation, histone acetylation and histone methylation during tumor progression and highlight the development of inhibitors of or drugs targeted at epigenetic enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Cheng
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cai He
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Manni Wang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuelei Ma
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Mo
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shengyong Yang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junhong Han
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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29
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Aktary Z, Corvelo A, Estrin C, Larue L. Sequencing two Tyr::CreER T2 transgenic mouse lines. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2019; 33:426-434. [PMID: 31679174 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The Cre/loxP system is a powerful tool that has allowed the study of the effects of specific genes of interest in various biological settings. The Tyr::CreERT2 system allows for the targeted expression and activity of the Cre enzyme in the melanocyte lineage following treatment with tamoxifen, thus providing spatial and temporal control of the expression of specific target genes. Two independent transgenic mouse models, each containing a Tyr::CreERT2 transgene, have been generated and are widely used to study melanocyte transformation. In this study, we performed whole genome sequencing (WGS) on genomic DNA from the two Tyr::CreERT2 mouse models and identified their sites of integration in the C57BL/6 genome. Based on these results, we designed PCR primers to accurately, and efficiently, genotype transgenic mice. Finally, we discussed some of the advantages of each transgenic mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zackie Aktary
- Institut Curie, INSERM U1021, Normal and Pathological Development of Melanocytes, PSL Research University, Orsay, France.,Univ. Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 3347, Orsay, France.,Equipes Labellisées Ligue Contre le Cancer, Orsay, France
| | | | - Camille Estrin
- Institut Curie, INSERM U1021, Normal and Pathological Development of Melanocytes, PSL Research University, Orsay, France.,Univ. Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 3347, Orsay, France.,Equipes Labellisées Ligue Contre le Cancer, Orsay, France
| | - Lionel Larue
- Institut Curie, INSERM U1021, Normal and Pathological Development of Melanocytes, PSL Research University, Orsay, France.,Univ. Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 3347, Orsay, France.,Equipes Labellisées Ligue Contre le Cancer, Orsay, France
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30
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Patnaik S, Anupriya. Drugs Targeting Epigenetic Modifications and Plausible Therapeutic Strategies Against Colorectal Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:588. [PMID: 31244652 PMCID: PMC6563763 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variations along with epigenetic modifications of DNA are involved in colorectal cancer (CRC) development and progression. CRC is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Initiation and progression of CRC is the cumulation of a variety of genetic and epigenetic changes in colonic epithelial cells. Colorectal carcinogenesis is associated with epigenetic aberrations including DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNAs. Recently, epigenetic modifications have been identified like association of hypermethylated gene Claudin11 (CLDN11) with metastasis and prognosis of poor survival of CRC. DNA methylation of genes CMTM3, SSTR2, MDF1, NDRG4 and TGFB2 are potential epigenetic biomarkers for the early detection of CRC. Tumor suppressor candidate 3 (TUSC3) mRNA expression is silenced by promoter methylation, which promotes epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling and rescues the CRC cells from apoptosis and hence leading to poor survival rate. Previous scientific evidences strongly suggest epigenetic modifications that contribute to anticancer drug resistance. Recent research studies emphasize development of drugs targeting histone deacetylases (HDACs) and DNA methyltransferase inhibitors as an emerging anticancer strategy. This review covers potential epigenetic modification targeting chemotherapeutic drugs and probable implementation for the treatment of CRC, which offers a strong rationale to explore therapeutic strategies and provides a basis to develop potent antitumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anupriya
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, India
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31
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Tong M, Jun T, Nie Y, Hao J, Fan D. The Role of the Slit/Robo Signaling Pathway. J Cancer 2019; 10:2694-2705. [PMID: 31258778 PMCID: PMC6584916 DOI: 10.7150/jca.31877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Slit family is a family of secreted proteins that play important roles in various physiologic and pathologic activities via interacting with Robo receptors. Slit/Robo signaling was first identified in the nervous system, where it functions in neuronal axon guidance; nevertheless, an increasing number of studies have shown that Slit/Robo signaling even regulates other activities, such as angiogenesis, inflammatory cell chemotaxis, tumor cell migration and metastasis. Although the precise role of the ligand-receptor in organisms has been obscure and the conclusions drawn are sometimes paradoxical, tremendous advances in understanding the Slit/Robo signaling pathway have been made. As such, our review summarizes the characteristics of the Slit/Robo signaling pathway and its role in various cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfu Tong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Tie Jun
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Yongzhan Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jianyu Hao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Daiming Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
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32
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Kim AR, Sung JY, Rho SB, Kim YN, Yoon K. Suppressor of Variegation 3-9 Homolog 2, a Novel Binding Protein of Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein, Regulates Cancer Cell Proliferation. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2019; 27:231-239. [PMID: 30763986 PMCID: PMC6430221 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2019.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Suppressor of Variegation 3-9 Homolog 2 (SUV39H2) methylates the lysine 9 residue of histone H3 and induces heterochromatin formation, resulting in transcriptional repression or silencing of target genes. SUV39H1 and SUV39H2 have a role in embryonic development, and SUV39H1 was shown to suppress cell cycle progression associated with Rb. However, the function of human SUV39H2 has not been extensively studied. We observed that forced expression of SUV39H2 decreased cell proliferation by inducing G1 cell cycle arrest. In addition, SUV39H2 was degraded through the ubiquitin-proteasomal pathway. Using yeast two-hybrid screening to address the degradation mechanism and function of SUV39H2, we identified translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) as an SUV39H2-interacting molecule. Mapping of the interacting regions indicated that the N-terminal 60 amino acids (aa) of full-length SUV39H2 and the C-terminus of TCTP (120-172 aa) were critical for binding. The interaction of SUV39H2 and TCTP was further confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence staining for colocalization. Moreover, depletion of TCTP by RNAi led to up-regulation of SUV39H2 protein, while TCTP overexpression reduced SUV39H2 protein level. The half-life of SUV39H2 protein was significantly extended upon TCTP depletion. These results clearly indicate that TCTP negatively regulates the expression of SUV39H2 post-translationally. Furthermore, SUV39H2 induced apoptotic cell death in TCTP-knockdown cells. Taken together, we identified SUV39H2, as a novel target protein of TCTP and demonstrated that SUV39H2 regulates cell proliferation of lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-Reum Kim
- Division of Translational Science, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Young Sung
- Division of Clinical Research, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Bae Rho
- Division of Translational Science, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Nyun Kim
- Division of Translational Science, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungsil Yoon
- Division of Translational Science, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
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33
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Singh PK. Histone methyl transferases: A class of epigenetic opportunities to counter uncontrolled cell proliferation. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 166:351-368. [PMID: 30735901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
With each newly disclosed resistance mechanism, management of cancer with previously established targets have become a "failure" oriented approach. Molecular targets such as kinases did initially provide a ray of hope against cancer but with decades of struggle between novel therapeutic agents and more sophisticated resistance mechanisms, they seem to have saturated as anti-cancer targets. Now, with more exhaustive molecular recognition techniques and approaches, epigenetic targets have accessed the centre stage as anti-cancer targets. Accordingly, several classes of epigenetic enzymes are being studied for this role and histone methyltransferases form one such class. They include a class of epigenetic enzymes which transfer methyl group from histone proteins and maintain genetic homeostasis. In cancer, several reports have deduced upregulation of different members of this family according to the tumor environment, establishing them as one of the novel anti-cancer targets. This compilation provides an updated information on several members of histone methyltransferases family as epigenetic targets for developing novel anti-cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, 147002, India.
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34
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Elevated SUV39H2 attributes to the progression of nasopharyngeal carcinoma via regulation of NRIP1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 510:290-295. [PMID: 30709585 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.01.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a prevalent tumor in southern China and southeast Asia. Recent studies have demonstrated that viral infection, somatic genetic changes, and epigenetic changes synergistically contribute to NPC pathogenesis. Genome-wide studies show that epigenetic aberrations likely drive nasopharyngeal carcinoma development and progression. This work is aimed at investigating the effect of histone methyltransferase SUV39H2 in NPC. The elevated expression of SUV39H2 in NPC is observed by analyzing GSE53819 and GSE12452 downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. SUV39H2 knockdown inhibits NPC proliferation and induces the apoptosis of cancer cells. At last, RNaseq analysis identifies a variety of SUV39H2 downstream genes related with cancer, in which, NRIP1 is identified as a critical downstream target of SUV39H2 in NPC. Taken together, these findings provide a theoretical basis for understating the biological roles of SUV39H2 in NPC.
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35
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Li B, Zheng Y, Yang L. The Oncogenic Potential of SUV39H2: A Comprehensive and Perspective View. J Cancer 2019; 10:721-729. [PMID: 30719171 PMCID: PMC6360419 DOI: 10.7150/jca.28254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications at the histone level have attracted significant attention because of their roles in tumorigenesis. Suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog 2 (SUV39H2, also known as KMT1B) is a member of the SUV39 subfamily of lysine methyltransferases (KMTs) that plays a significant role in histone H3-K9 di-/tri-methylation, transcriptional regulation and cell cycle. Overexpressions of SUV39H2 at gene, mRNA and protein levels are known to be associated with a range of cancers: leukemia, lymphomas, lung cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, hepatocellular cancer and so on. Accumulating evidence indicates that SUV39H2 acts as an oncogene and contributes to the initiation and progression of cancers. It could, therefore, be a promising target for anti-cancer treatment. In this review, we focus on the dysregulation of SUV39H2 in cancers, including its clinical prognostic predictor role, molecular mechanism involved in cancer occurrence and development, relevant inhibitors against cancer, and its epigenetic modification interaction with immunotherapy. A better understanding of the SUV39H2 will be beneficial to the development of molecular-targeted therapies in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baihui Li
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Lili Yang
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
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Zheng Y, Li B, Wang J, Xiong Y, Wang K, Qi Y, Sun H, Wu L, Yang L. Identification of SUV39H2 as a potential oncogene in lung adenocarcinoma. Clin Epigenetics 2018; 10:129. [PMID: 30348215 PMCID: PMC6198372 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-018-0562-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SUV39H2 (suppressor of variegation 3-9 homolog 2), which introduces H3K9me3 to induce transcriptional repression, has been reported to play critical roles in heterochromatin maintenance, DNA repair, and recently, carcinogenesis. Dysregulation of SUV39H2 expression has been observed in several types of cancers. However, neither the genomic landscape nor the clinical significance of SUV39H2 in lung adenocarcinoma has been probed comprehensively. METHODS In this research, we conducted bioinformatics analysis to primarily sort out potential genes with dysregulated expressions. After we identified SUV39H2, RNA-seq was performed for a high-throughput evaluation of altered gene expression and dysregulated pathways, followed by a series of validations via RT-qPCR and bioinformatics analyses. Finally, to assess the potential oncogenic role of SUV39H2, we employed the invasion assay and clone formation assay in vitro and tumorigenesis assays in mouse models in vivo. RESULTS Through bioinformatics analyses, we found that SUV39H2 underwent a severe upregulation in the tumor tissue, which was also confirmed in the surgically removed tissues. Overexpression of SUV39H2 was mainly associated with its amplification and with shorter patient overall survival. Then, the RNA-seq demonstrated that TPM4, STOM, and OPTN might be affected by the loss of function of SUV39H2. Finally, in vitro and in vivo experiments with SUV39H2 knockdown all suggested a potential role of SUV39H2 in both carcinogenesis and metastasis. CONCLUSIONS SUV39H2 expression was elevated in lung adenocarcinoma. TPM4, OPTN, and STOM were potentially regulated by SUV39H2. SUV39H2 might be a potential oncogene in lung adenocarcinoma, mediating tumorigenesis and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zheng
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Baihui Li
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanjuan Xiong
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Kaiyuan Wang
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Qi
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Houfang Sun
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Lili Yang
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China. .,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China. .,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China. .,Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China.
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Wang Y, Bao X, Zhao A, Zhang J, Zhang M, Zhang Q, Ma B. Raddeanin A inhibits growth and induces apoptosis in human colorectal cancer through downregulating the Wnt/β-catenin and NF-κB signaling pathway. Life Sci 2018; 207:532-549. [PMID: 29972765 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the most lethal human malignancies with high incidence and lack of effective therapy. Raddeanin A (RA), an active triterpenoid saponins, has been demonstrated the ability to inhibit the growth of tumor. But the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of RA in CRC remain elusive. Here, we investigated the efficacy and mechanism of RA in CRC both in vitro and in vivo. MAIN METHODS Cell viability was investigated to evaluate cytotoxic activity by MTT method. Apoptosis induced by RA was studied using Annexin V-FITC/PI binding and JC-1 staining by flow cytometry analysis. The xenograft mouse model of CRC was used to investigate anti-tumor effects in vivo. The key proteins involved in mitochondrial apoptotic, Wnt/β-catenin and NF-κB pathway were detected by Western blotting, Immunofluorescence, and Immunohistochemistry. KEY FINDINGS RA induced apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation of SW480 and LOVO cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, RA efficiently inhibited tumor growth in xenograft mouse model. RA could down regulate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling to display anti-tumor effects via suppression of p-LRP6, induction of AKT inactivation, removal of GSK-3β inhibition and attenuation of β-catenin. Meanwhile, RA also suppressed the NF-κB pathway by decreasing the phosphorylation of IKBα to induce subsequently mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. SIGNIFICANCE In summary, RA suppressed the growth and triggered the apoptosis of CRC through discontinuing Wnt/β-catenin signaling and inhibiting the NF-κB pathway. These findings suggested that RA may hold a promise as a novel therapeutic agent for CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowen Bao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Ang Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingya Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bo Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
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