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Marin JJG, Macias RIR, Asensio M, Romero MR, Temprano AG, Pereira OR, Jimenez S, Mauriz JL, Di Giacomo S, Avila MA, Efferth T, Briz O. Strategies to enhance the response of liver cancer to pharmacological treatments. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 327:C11-C33. [PMID: 38708523 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00176.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
In contrast to other types of cancers, there is no available efficient pharmacological treatment to improve the outcomes of patients suffering from major primary liver cancers, i.e., hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma. This dismal situation is partly due to the existence in these tumors of many different and synergistic mechanisms of resistance, accounting for the lack of response of these patients, not only to classical chemotherapy but also to more modern pharmacological agents based on the inhibition of tyrosine kinase receptors (TKIs) and the stimulation of the immune response against the tumor using immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). This review summarizes the efforts to develop strategies to overcome this severe limitation, including searching for novel drugs derived from synthetic, semisynthetic, or natural products with vectorial properties against therapeutic targets to increase drug uptake or reduce drug export from cancer cells. Besides, immunotherapy is a promising line of research that is already starting to be implemented in clinical practice. Although less successful than in other cancers, the foreseen future for this strategy in treating liver cancers is considerable. Similarly, the pharmacological inhibition of epigenetic targets is highly promising. Many novel "epidrugs," able to act on "writer," "reader," and "eraser" epigenetic players, are currently being evaluated in preclinical and clinical studies. Finally, gene therapy is a broad field of research in the fight against liver cancer chemoresistance, based on the impressive advances recently achieved in gene manipulation. In sum, although the present is still dismal, there is reason for hope in the non-too-distant future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose J G Marin
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM) Group, University of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rocio I R Macias
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM) Group, University of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maitane Asensio
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM) Group, University of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta R Romero
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM) Group, University of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alvaro G Temprano
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM) Group, University of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Olívia R Pereira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
- Research Centre for Active Living and Wellbeing (LiveWell), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Bragança, Portugal
| | - Silvia Jimenez
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM) Group, University of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Farmacia Hospitalaria, Hospital de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jose L Mauriz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of Leon, Leon, Spain
| | - Silvia Di Giacomo
- Department of Food Safety, Nutrition and Veterinary Public Health, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Matias A Avila
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
- Hepatology Laboratory, Solid Tumors Program, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Oscar Briz
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEPHARM) Group, University of Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
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Dong XD, Lu Q, Li YD, Cai CY, Teng QX, Lei ZN, Wei ZH, Yin F, Zeng L, Chen ZS. RN486, a Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor, antagonizes multidrug resistance in ABCG2-overexpressing cancer cells. J Transl Int Med 2024; 12:288-298. [PMID: 39081282 PMCID: PMC11284896 DOI: 10.2478/jtim-2024-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Overcoming ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2)-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) has attracted the attention of scientists because one of the critical factors resulting in MDR in cancer is the overexpression of ABCG2. RN486, a Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) inhibitor, was discovered to potentially reverse ABCB1-mediated MDR. However, there is still uncertainty about whether RN486 has a reversal off-target impact on ABCG2-mediated MDR. Methods MTT assay was used to detect the reversal effect of RN486 on ABCG2-overexpressing cancer cells. The ABCG2 expression level and subcellular localization were examined by Western blotting and immunofluorescence. Drug accumulation and eflux assay and ATPase assay were performed to analyze the ABCG2 transporter function and ATPase activity. Molecular modeling predicted the binding between RN486 and ABCG2 protein. Results Non-toxic concentrations of RN486 remarkably increased the sensitivity of ABCG2-overexpressing cancer cells to conventional anticancer drugs mitoxantrone and topotecan. The reversal mechanistic studies showed that RN486 elevated the drug accumulation because of reducing the eflux of ABCG2 substrate drug in ABCG2-overexpressing cancer cells. In addition, the inhibitory efect of RN486 on ABCG2-associated ATPase activity was also verified. Molecular docking study implied a strong binding afinity between RN486 and ABCG2 transporter. Meanwhile, the ABCG2 subcellular localization was not altered by the treatment of RN486, but the expression level of ABCG2 was down-regulated. Conclusions Our studies propose that RN486 can antagonize ABCG2-mediated MDR in cancer cells via down-regulating the expression level of ABCG2 protein, reducing ATPase activity of ABCG2 transporter, and inhibiting the transporting function. RN486 could be potentially used in conjunction with chemotherapy to alleviate MDR mediated by ABCG2 in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Duo Dong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Qisi Lu
- Department of Hematology, Foresea Life Insurance Guangzhou General Hospital, Guangzhou515500, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yi-Dong Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Chao-Yun Cai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Qiu-Xu Teng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Zi-Ning Lei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, Biobank, Precision Medicine Center, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen518107, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zeng-Hui Wei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Fan Yin
- Department of Statistics, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Leli Zeng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research, Digestive Diseases Center, Biobank, Precision Medicine Center, Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen518107, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
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Albadari N, Xie Y, Li W. Deciphering treatment resistance in metastatic colorectal cancer: roles of drug transports, EGFR mutations, and HGF/c-MET signaling. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1340401. [PMID: 38269272 PMCID: PMC10806212 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1340401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In 2023, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most diagnosed malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer death worldwide. At the time of the initial visit, 20% of patients diagnosed with CRC have metastatic CRC (mCRC), and another 25% who present with localized disease will later develop metastases. Despite the improvement in response rates with various modulation strategies such as chemotherapy combined with targeted therapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy, the prognosis of mCRC is poor, with a 5-year survival rate of 14%, and the primary reason for treatment failure is believed to be the development of resistance to therapies. Herein, we provide an overview of the main mechanisms of resistance in mCRC and specifically highlight the role of drug transports, EGFR, and HGF/c-MET signaling pathway in mediating mCRC resistance, as well as discuss recent therapeutic approaches to reverse resistance caused by drug transports and resistance to anti-EGFR blockade caused by mutations in EGFR and alteration in HGF/c-MET signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wei Li
- College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
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Wu CP, Hsiao SH, Wu YS. Perspectives on drug repurposing to overcome cancer multidrug resistance mediated by ABCB1 and ABCG2. Drug Resist Updat 2023; 71:101011. [PMID: 37865067 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2023.101011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
The overexpression of the human ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in cancer cells is a common mechanism involved in developing multidrug resistance (MDR). Unfortunately, there are currently no approved drugs specifically designed to treat multidrug-resistant cancers, making MDR a significant obstacle to successful chemotherapy. Despite over two decades of research, developing transporter-specific inhibitors for clinical use has proven to be a challenging endeavor. As an alternative approach, drug repurposing has gained traction as a more practical method to discover clinically effective modulators of drug transporters. This involves exploring new indications for already-approved drugs, bypassing the lengthy process of developing novel synthetic inhibitors. In this context, we will discuss the mechanisms of ABC drug transporters ABCB1 and ABCG2, their roles in cancer MDR, and the inhibitors that have been evaluated for their potential to reverse MDR mediated by these drug transporters. Our focus will be on providing an up-to-date report on approved drugs tested for their inhibitory activities against these drug efflux pumps. Lastly, we will explore the challenges and prospects of repurposing already approved medications for clinical use to overcome chemoresistance in patients with high tumor expression of ABCB1 and/or ABCG2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Pu Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; Molecular Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10507, Taiwan.
| | - Sung-Han Hsiao
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shan Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, Taichung 40704, Taiwan.
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Gao HL, Cui Q, Wang JQ, Ashby CR, Chen Y, Shen ZX, Chen ZS. The AKT inhibitor, MK-2206, attenuates ABCG2-mediated drug resistance in lung and colon cancer cells. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1235285. [PMID: 37521473 PMCID: PMC10373739 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1235285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, ABCB1 and ABCG2, are two of the major mediators of multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancers. Although multiple ABCB1 and ABCG2 inhibitors have been developed and some have undergone evaluation in clinical trials, none have been clinically approved. The compound, MK-2206, an inhibitor of the protein kinases AKT1/2/3, is undergoing evaluation in multiple clinical trials for the treatment of certain types of cancers, including those resistant to erlotinib. In this in vitro study, we conducted in vitro experiments to determine if MK-2206 attenuates multidrug resistance in cancer cells overexpressing the ABCB1 or ABCG2 transporter. Methodology: The efficacy of MK-2206 (0.03-1 μM), in combination with the ABCB1 transporter sub-strates doxorubicin and paclitaxel, and ABCG2 transporter substrates mitoxantrone, SN-38 and topotecan, were determined in the cancer cell lines, KB-C2 and SW620/Ad300, which overexpress the ABCB1 transporter or H460/MX20 and S1-M1-80, which overexpress the ABCG2 transporter, respectively. The expression level and the localization of ABCG2 transporter on the cancer cells membranes were determined using western blot and immunofluorescence assays, respectively, following the incubation of cells with MK-2206. Finally, the interaction between MK-2206 and human ABCG2 transporter was predicted using computer-aided molecular modeling. Results: MK-2206 significantly increased the efficacy of anticancer compounds that were substrates for the ABCG2 but not the ABCB1 transporter. MK-2206 alone (0.03-1 μM) did not significantly alter the viability of H460/MX20 and S1-M1-80 cancer cells, which overexpress the ABCG2 transporter, compared to cells incubated with vehicle. However, MK-2206 (0.3 and 1 μM) significantly increased the anticancer efficacy of mitoxantrone, SN-38 and topotecan, in H460/MX20 and S1-M1-80 cancer cells, as indicated by a significant decrease in their IC50 values, compared to cells incubated with vehicle. MK-2206 significantly increased the basal activity of the ABCG2 ATPase (EC50 = 0.46 μM) but did not significantly alter its expression level and sub-localization in the membrane. The molecular modeling results suggested that MK-2206 binds to the active pocket of the ABCG2 transporter, by a hydrogen bond, hydrophobic interactions and π-π stacking. Conclusion: These in vitro data indicated that MK-2206 surmounts resistance to mitoxantrone, SN-38 and topotecan in cancer cells overexpressing the ABCG2 transporter. If these results can be translated to humans, it is possible that MK-2206 could be used to surmount MDR in cancer cells overexpressing the ABCG2 transporter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ling Gao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Qingbin Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Jing-Quan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Charles R. Ashby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Yanchun Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Zhi-Xin Shen
- Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY, United States
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Figueroa-Valverde L, Díaz-Cedillo F, Rosas-Nexticapa M, Alvarez-Ramirez M, Mateu-Armad MV, López-Ramos M, López-Gutierrez T. Interaction of Some Amino-Nitrile Derivatives with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 1 (VEGFR1) Using a Theoretical Model. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2023. [PMID: 37172939 DOI: 10.1055/a-2062-3571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some studies indicate that the angiogenesis process is related to vascular endothelial growth factor, which can interact with endothelial cell surface receptors (VEGF-R1, VEGF-R2, and VEGF-R3); this biochemical process and other factors result in the promotion and growth of new blood vessels under normal conditions. However, some studies indicate that this phenomenon could also occur in cancer cells. It is important to mention that some amino derivatives have been prepared as VEGF-R1 inhibitors; however, their interaction with VEGF-R1 is not clear, perhaps due to different experimental approaches or differences in their chemical structure. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the theoretical interaction of several amino-nitrile derivatives (Compounds 1 to 38) with VEGF-R1. METHODS The theoretical interaction of amino-nitrile derivatives with VEGF-R1 was carried out using the 3hng protein as the theoretical model. In addition, cabozantinib, pazopanib, regorafenib, and sorafenib were used as controls in the DockingServer program. RESULTS The results showed different amino acid residues involved in the interaction of amino-nitrile derivatives with the 3hng protein surface compared with the controls. In addition, the inhibition constant (Ki) was lower for Compounds 10 and 34 than for cabozantinib. Other results show that Ki for Compounds 9, 10, 14, 27-29 and 34-36 was lower in comparison with pazopanib, regorafenib, and sorafenib. CONCLUSIONS All theoretical data suggest that amino-nitrile derivatives could produce changes in the growth of some cancer cell lines through VEGFR-1 inhibition. Therefore, these amino-nitrile derivatives could be a therapeutic alternative to treat some types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauro Figueroa-Valverde
- Laboratory of Pharmaco-Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Biological Sciences, University Autonomous of Campeche, Campeche, Camp., México
| | - Francisco Díaz-Cedillo
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Santo Tomas, México
| | - Marcela Rosas-Nexticapa
- Facultad de Nutrición, Universidad Veracruzana, Médicos y Odontologos, Unidad del Bosque Xalapa Veracruz, México
| | - Magdalena Alvarez-Ramirez
- Facultad de Nutrición, Universidad Veracruzana, Médicos y Odontologos, Unidad del Bosque Xalapa Veracruz, México
| | - Maria Virginia Mateu-Armad
- Facultad de Nutrición, Universidad Veracruzana, Médicos y Odontologos, Unidad del Bosque Xalapa Veracruz, México
| | - Maria López-Ramos
- Laboratory of Pharmaco-Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Biological Sciences, University Autonomous of Campeche, Campeche, Camp., México
| | - Tomas López-Gutierrez
- Laboratory of Pharmaco-Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Biological Sciences, University Autonomous of Campeche, Campeche, Camp., México
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Duan C, Yu M, Xu J, Li BY, Zhao Y, Kankala RK. Overcoming Cancer Multi-drug Resistance (MDR): Reasons, mechanisms, nanotherapeutic solutions, and challenges. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114643. [PMID: 37031496 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Multi-drug resistance (MDR) in cancer cells, either intrinsic or acquired through various mechanisms, significantly hinders the therapeutic efficacy of drugs. Typically, the reduced therapeutic performance of various drugs is predominantly due to the inherent over expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter proteins on the cell membrane, resulting in the deprived uptake of drugs, augmenting drug detoxification, and DNA repair. In addition to various physiological abnormalities and extensive blood flow, MDR cancer phenotypes exhibit improved apoptotic threshold and drug efflux efficiency. These severe consequences have substantially directed researchers in the fabrication of various advanced therapeutic strategies, such as co-delivery of drugs along with various generations of MDR inhibitors, augmented dosage regimens and frequency of administration, as well as combinatorial treatment options, among others. In this review, we emphasize different reasons and mechanisms responsible for MDR in cancer, including but not limited to the known drug efflux mechanisms mediated by permeability glycoprotein (P-gp) and other pumps, reduced drug uptake, altered DNA repair, and drug targets, among others. Further, an emphasis on specific cancers that share pathogenesis in executing MDR and effluxed drugs in common is provided. Then, the aspects related to various nanomaterials-based supramolecular programmable designs (organic- and inorganic-based materials), as well as physical approaches (light- and ultrasound-based therapies), are discussed, highlighting the unsolved issues and future advancements. Finally, we summarize the review with interesting perspectives and future trends, exploring further opportunities to overcome MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Duan
- School of New Energy and Environmental Protection Engineering, Foshan Polytechnic, Foshan 528137, PR China.
| | - Mingjia Yu
- School of New Energy and Environmental Protection Engineering, Foshan Polytechnic, Foshan 528137, PR China
| | - Jiyuan Xu
- School of New Energy and Environmental Protection Engineering, Foshan Polytechnic, Foshan 528137, PR China
| | - Bo-Yi Li
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, PR China
| | - Ranjith Kumar Kankala
- Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, PR China.
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Synthesis and Anticancer Evaluation of New Indole-Based Tyrphostin Derivatives and Their ( p-Cymene)dichloridoruthenium(II) Complexes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24010854. [PMID: 36614289 PMCID: PMC9821196 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
New N-alkylindole-substituted 2-(pyrid-3-yl)-acrylonitriles with putative kinase inhibitory activity and their (p-cymene)Ru(II) piano-stool complexes were prepared and tested for their antiproliferative efficacy in various cancer models. Some of the indole-based derivatives inhibited tumor cell proliferation at (sub-)micromolar concentrations with IC50 values below those of the clinically relevant multikinase inhibitors gefitinib and sorafenib, which served as positive controls. A focus was set on the investigation of drug mechanisms in HCT-116 p53-knockout colon cancer cells in order to evaluate the dependence of the test compounds on p53. Colony formation assays as well as experiments with tumor spheroids confirmed the excellent antineoplastic efficacy of the new derivatives. Their mode of action included an induction of apoptotic caspase-3/7 activity and ROS formation, as well as anti-angiogenic properties. Docking calculations with EGFR and VEGFR-2 identified the two 3-aryl-2-(pyrid-3-yl)acrylonitrile derivatives 2a and 2b as potential kinase inhibitors with a preferential activity against the VEGFR-2 tyrosine kinase. Forthcoming studies will further unveil the underlying mode of action of the promising new derivatives as well as their suitability as an urgently needed novel approach in cancer treatment.
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Zhang H, Bian S, Xu Z, Gao M, Wang H, Zhang J, Zhang M, Ke Y, Wang W, Chen ZS, Xu H. The effect and mechanistic study of encequidar on reversing the resistance of SW620/AD300 cells to doxorubicin. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 205:115258. [PMID: 36179932 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Encequidar, a gut-specific P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor, makes oral paclitaxel possible, and has been used in clinical treatment of metastatic breast cancer, however, its pharmacological effect and mechanism of reversal of drug resistance in drug-resistant colon cancer cells SW620/AD300 are still unknown. Herein, we first synthesized encequidar and demonstrated that it could inhibit the transport activity of P-gp, reduced doxorubicin (DOX) efflux, enhanced DOX cytotoxicity and promoted tumor-apoptosis in SW620/AD300 cells. Metabolomic analysis of cell samples was performedusing liquid chromatography Q-Exactive mass spectrometer, the results of metabolite enrichment analysis and pathway analysis showed that the combination of encequidar and DOX could: i) significantly affect the citric acid cycle (TCA cycle) and reduce the energy supply required for P-gp to exert its transport activity; ii) affect the metabolism of glutathione, which is the main component of the anti-oxidative stress system, and reduce the ability of cells to resist oxidative stress; iii) increase the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and enhance ROS-induced cell damage and lipid peroxidation, which in turn restore the sensitivity of drug-resistant cells to DOX. In conclusion, these results provide sufficient data support for the therapeutical application of the P-gp inhibitor encequidar to reverse MDR, and are of great significance to further understand the therapeutic advantages of encequidar in anti-tumor therapy and guide clinical rational drug use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Shaopan Bian
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Zhihao Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Ming Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Han Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Junwei Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Mingkun Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yu Ke
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China; Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Weijia Wang
- Department of International Medical Services (IMS), Beijing Tiantan Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China.
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, New York, USA.
| | - Haiwei Xu
- Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R&D and Preclinical Safety, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
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10
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Targeting breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2): Functional inhibitors and expression modulators. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 237:114346. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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11
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Ye H, Wu K, Liu Y, Zhu Y, Luo H, Zou W. Zinc oxide nanoparticle attenuates chemotherapy resistance by inducing cell stemness progression of colorectal cancer via miR-1321/HIF-2α axis. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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12
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Li Q, Lai Q, He C, Zhang H, Pan X, Li H, Yan Q, Fang Y, Liu S, Li A. RUNX1 regulates the proliferation and chemoresistance of colorectal cancer through the Hedgehog signaling pathway. J Cancer 2021; 12:6363-6371. [PMID: 34659526 PMCID: PMC8489138 DOI: 10.7150/jca.51338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Chemoresistance is one of the main causes of recurrence in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and leads to a poor prognosis. To characterize RUNX1 expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) and elucidate its mechanistic involvement in the tumor biology of this disease. Methods: The expression of RUNX1 in CRC and normal tissues was detected by bioinformatics analysis. Cell proliferation was measured by CCK-8 and clonogenic assays. In vivo tumor progression was assessed with a xenograft mouse model. Cell drug sensitivity tests and flow cytometry were performed to analyze CRC cell chemoresistance. RUNX1, key molecules of the Hedgehog signaling pathway, and ABCG2 were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. Results: RUNX1 expression is upregulated in CRC tissues. RUNX1 enhanced CRC cell resistance to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), promoted proliferation, and inhibited 5-FU-induced apoptosis. Mechanistically, RUNX1 can activate the Hedgehog signaling pathway and promote the expression of ABCG2 in CRC cells. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that RUNX1 promotes CRC proliferation and chemoresistance by activating the Hedgehog signaling pathway and ABCG2 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiuhua Lai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chengcheng He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haonan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xingzhu Pan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haolin Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qun Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuxin Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Side Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Aimin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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13
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Cao J, Zhang M, Wang B, Zhang L, Fang M, Zhou F. Chemoresistance and Metastasis in Breast Cancer Molecular Mechanisms and Novel Clinical Strategies. Front Oncol 2021; 11:658552. [PMID: 34277408 PMCID: PMC8281885 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.658552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in females worldwide. Chemotherapy is the standard breast cancer treatment; however, chemoresistance is often seen in patients with metastatic breast cancer. Owing to high heterogeneity, the mechanisms of breast cancer chemoresistance and metastasis have not been fully investigated. The possible molecular mechanisms of chemoresistance in breast cancer include efflux transporters, signaling pathways, non-coding RNAs, and cancer stem cells. However, to overcome this hurdle, the use of novel clinical strategies such as drug carriers, immunotherapy, and autophagy regulation, are being investigated. The goal of this review is to summarize the current data about the molecular mechanisms of breast cancer chemoresistance and the novel clinical strategies; thus, providing a useful clinical tool to explore optimal treatment for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cao
- Department of Rare and Head and Neck Oncology, Institute of Cancer Research and Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengdi Zhang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meiyu Fang
- Department of Rare and Head and Neck Oncology, Institute of Cancer Research and Basic Medical Sciences of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fangfang Zhou
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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14
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Narayanan S, Wu ZX, Wang JQ, Ma H, Acharekar N, Koya J, Yoganathan S, Fang S, Chen ZS, Pan Y. The Spleen Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, Entospletinib (GS-9973) Restores Chemosensitivity in Lung Cancer Cells by Modulating ABCG2-mediated Multidrug Resistance. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:2652-2665. [PMID: 34326700 PMCID: PMC8315011 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.61229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are important in managing lymphoid malignancies by targeting B-cell receptor signaling pathways. Entospletinib (GS-9973) is an oral, selective inhibitor of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), currently in the phase II clinical trials for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Syk is abundantly present in the cells of hematopoietic lineage that mediates cell proliferation, differentiation, and adhesion. In this current study, we evaluated the efficacy of GS-9973 to overcome multidrug resistance (MDR) due to the overexpression of the ABCG2 transporter in the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell line, NCI-H460/MX20. In vitro, 3 μM of GS-9973 reversed the drug resistance of NCI-H460/MX20 cell line to mitoxantrone or doxorubicin. GS-9973, at 3 μM reverses ABCG2-mediated MDR by blocking ABCG2 efflux activity and downregulating ABCG2 expression at the protein level but did not alter the ABCG2 mRNA expression and subcellular localization of the ABCG2 protein compared to drug-resistant cells incubated with the vehicle. GS-9973 produced a moderate concentration-dependent increase in the ATPase activity of ABCG2 (EC50 = 0.42 µM) and molecular docking data indicated that GS-9973 had a high affinity (-10.226 kcal/mol) for the substrate-binding site of ABCG2. Finally, HPLC analysis proved that the intracellular concentration of GS-9973 is not significantly different in both parental and resistant cell lines. In conclusion, our study suggests that in vitro, GS-9973 in combination with certain anticancer drugs, represent a strategy to overcome ABCG2-mediated MDR cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silpa Narayanan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Zhuo-Xun Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Jing-Quan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Hansu Ma
- Precision Medicine Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, PR China
| | - Nikita Acharekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Jagadish Koya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Sabesan Yoganathan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Shuo Fang
- Department of Oncology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, PR China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, 11439, USA
| | - Yihang Pan
- Precision Medicine Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, PR China
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15
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Liu K, Li YC, Chen Y, Shi XB, Xing ZH, He ZJ, Wang ST, Liu WJ, Zhang PW, Yu ZZ, Mo XM, Chen MW, Chen ZS, Shi Z. AZ32 Reverses ABCG2-Mediated Multidrug Resistance in Colorectal Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:680663. [PMID: 34094985 PMCID: PMC8173085 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.680663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a common malignancy with the third highest incidence and second highest mortality rate among all cancers in the world. Chemotherapy resistance in colorectal cancer is an essential factor leading to the high mortality rate. The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) confers multidrug resistance (MDR) to a range of chemotherapeutic agents by decreasing their intracellular content. The development of novel ABCG2 inhibitors has emerged as a tractable strategy to circumvent drug resistance. In this study, an ABCG2-knockout colorectal cancer cell line was established to assist inhibitor screening. Additionally, we found that ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase inhibitor AZ32 could sensitize ABCG2-overexpressing colorectal cancer cells to ABCG2 substrate chemotherapeutic drugs mitoxantrone and doxorubicin by retaining them inside cells. Western blot assay showed that AZ32 did not alter the expression of ABCG2. Moreover, molecule docking analysis predicted that AZ32 stably located in the transmembrane domain of ABCG2. In conclusion, our result demonstrated that AZ32 could potently reverse ABCG2-mediated MDR in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liu
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Chi Li
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Bao Shi
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zi-Hao Xing
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng-Jie He
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng-Te Wang
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Jing Liu
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng-Wei Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze-Zhong Yu
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xue-Mei Mo
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mei-Wan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Zhi Shi
- Department of Cell Biology & Institute of Biomedicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Ni W, Fan H, Zheng X, Xu F, Wu Y, Li X, Wang A, Huang S, Chen W, Wang S, Lu Y. Cryptotanshinone Inhibits ERα-Dependent and -Independent BCRP Oligomer Formation to Reverse Multidrug Resistance in Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:624811. [PMID: 33968724 PMCID: PMC8100513 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.624811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Both long-term anti-estrogen therapy and estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer contribute to drug resistance, causing poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) plays an important role in multidrug resistance. Here, we show that cryptotanshinone (CPT), an anti-estrogen compound, inhibited the oligomer formation of BCRP on the cell membrane, thus blocking its efflux function. The inhibitory effect of CPT on BCRP was dependent on the expression level of estrogen receptor α (ERα) in ERα-positive breast cancer cells. Furthermore, ERα-negative breast cancer cells with high expression of BCRP were also sensitive to CPT because CPT was able to bind to BCRP and inhibit its oligomer formation on the cell membrane, suggesting that the high level of BCRP expression is crucial for CPT to reverse drug resistance. The combination of CPT and chemotherapeutic agents displayed enhanced anticancer effects. The results suggest that CPT is a novel BCRP inhibitor via blocking the oligomer formation of BCRP on the cell membrane. CPT is able to inhibit the activity of BCRP in an ERα-dependent and -independent manner, sensitizing breast cancer cells to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Ni
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiuqin Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangming Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoman Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Aiyun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing, China
| | - Shile Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Wenxing Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing, China
| | - Shijun Wang
- Shandong Co-Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Formula, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yin Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Prevention and Treatment of Tumor, Nanjing, China
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17
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Zhao Y, Chen Y, Wang J, Liu L. Effects of ATP-binding cassette transporter G2 in extracellular vesicles on drug resistance of laryngeal cancer cells in in vivo and in vitro. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:364. [PMID: 33747221 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is one of the main factors limiting the efficacy of chemotherapy in patients with laryngeal cancer; thus, it is important to investigate the drug resistance of laryngeal cancer. In the present study, the mechanism of the regulation of drug resistance in laryngeal cancer cells by ATP-binding transporter G2 (ABCG2) that is present in the extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by drug-resistant cells was studied in vivo and in vitro. A cisplatin (CDDP)-resistant cell line (AMC-HN-8/CDDP) was established from AMC-HN-8 cells by continuous exposure to increasing concentrations of CDDP. The EVs extracted from the culture medium of AMC-HN-8/CDDP and AMC-HN-8 cells were termed EVs1 and EVs2, respectively. Following 48-h treatment of AMC-HN-8 cells with EVs1 or EVs2, the cells were designated as AMC-HN-8-EVs1 or AMC-HN-8-EVs2. Nude mice bearing AMC-HN-8-EVs1 and AMC-HN-8 cell-derived xenograft tumors were established to detect the effects of EVs on drug resistance. The resistance index of AMC-HN-8/CDDP cells to CDDP was 5.60, which was determined by the MTT assay. The mRNA and protein expression levels of ABCG2 in AMC-HN-8/CDDP cells and EVs1 were significantly higher compared with those in AMC-HN-8 cells and EVs2, respectively (P<0.01). The ABCG2 mRNA and protein levels, and the proliferation index of AMC-HN-8-EVs1 cells were significantly higher compared with those of AMC-HN-8-EVs2 and AMC-HN-8 cells (P<0.01), whereas the apoptotic rate was significantly lower (P<0.01). The mean volume of subcutaneous tumor xenografts in the test group (inoculated with AMC-HN-8-EVs1 cells and intraperitoneally injected with 3 mg/kg CDDP) was significantly higher compared with that in the control group (inoculated with AMC-HN-8 cells and intraperitoneally injected with 3 mg/kg CDDP) (P<0.01), whereas the apoptotic rate of tumor cells was significantly lower (P<0.01). The ABCG2 mRNA and the protein expression levels in the tumor cells of the test group were significantly higher compared with those in the blank (inoculated with AMC-HN-8 cells and was intraperitoneally injected with normal saline) and control groups (P<0.01). The high expression levels of ABCG2 in laryngeal carcinoma cells affected the drug resistance of the cells. The EVs released by drug-resistant cells upregulated the expression of ABCG2 and induced drug resistance in laryngeal carcinoma cells, which may be dependent on the ABCG2 gene carried by the EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Yuetong Chen
- Tumor Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wang
- Tumor Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Liang Liu
- Tumor Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
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18
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Narayanan S, Gujarati NA, Wang JQ, Wu ZX, Koya J, Cui Q, Korlipara VL, Ashby CR, Chen ZS. The Novel Benzamide Derivative, VKNG-2, Restores the Efficacy of Chemotherapeutic Drugs in Colon Cancer Cell Lines by Inhibiting the ABCG2 Transporter. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2463. [PMID: 33671108 PMCID: PMC7957563 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The overexpression of ATP-binding cassette transporter, ABCG2, plays an important role in mediating multidrug resistance (MDR) in certain types of cancer cells. ABCG2-mediated MDR can significantly attenuate or abrogate the efficacy of anticancer drugs by increasing their efflux from cancer cells. In this study, we determined the efficacy of the novel benzamide derivative, VKNG-2, to overcome MDR due to the overexpression of the ABCG2 transporter in the colon cancer cell line, S1-M1-80. In vitro, 5 μM of VKNG-2 reversed the resistance of S1-M1-80 cell line to mitoxantrone (70-fold increase in efficacy) or SN-38 (112-fold increase in efficacy). In contrast, in vitro, 5 μM of VKNG-2 did not significantly alter either the expression of ABCG2, AKT, and PI3K p110β protein or the subcellular localization of the ABCG2 protein compared to colon cancer cells incubated with the vehicle. Molecular docking data indicated that VKNG-2 had a high docking score (-10.2 kcal/mol) for the ABCG2 transporter substrate-drug binding site whereas it had a low affinity on ABCB1 and ABCC1 transporters. Finally, VKNG-2 produced a significant concentration-dependent increase in ATPase activity (EC50 = 2.3 µM). In conclusion, our study suggests that in vitro, VKNG-2 reverses the resistance of S1-M1-80, a cancer cell line resistant to mitoxantrone and SN-38, by inhibiting the efflux function of the ABCG2 transporter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silpa Narayanan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (S.N.); (N.A.G.); (J.-Q.W.); (Z.-X.W.); (J.K.); (Q.C.); (V.L.K.); (C.R.A.J.)
| | - Nehaben A. Gujarati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (S.N.); (N.A.G.); (J.-Q.W.); (Z.-X.W.); (J.K.); (Q.C.); (V.L.K.); (C.R.A.J.)
| | - Jing-Quan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (S.N.); (N.A.G.); (J.-Q.W.); (Z.-X.W.); (J.K.); (Q.C.); (V.L.K.); (C.R.A.J.)
| | - Zhuo-Xun Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (S.N.); (N.A.G.); (J.-Q.W.); (Z.-X.W.); (J.K.); (Q.C.); (V.L.K.); (C.R.A.J.)
| | - Jagadish Koya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (S.N.); (N.A.G.); (J.-Q.W.); (Z.-X.W.); (J.K.); (Q.C.); (V.L.K.); (C.R.A.J.)
| | - Qingbin Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (S.N.); (N.A.G.); (J.-Q.W.); (Z.-X.W.); (J.K.); (Q.C.); (V.L.K.); (C.R.A.J.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Vijaya L. Korlipara
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (S.N.); (N.A.G.); (J.-Q.W.); (Z.-X.W.); (J.K.); (Q.C.); (V.L.K.); (C.R.A.J.)
| | - Charles R. Ashby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (S.N.); (N.A.G.); (J.-Q.W.); (Z.-X.W.); (J.K.); (Q.C.); (V.L.K.); (C.R.A.J.)
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (S.N.); (N.A.G.); (J.-Q.W.); (Z.-X.W.); (J.K.); (Q.C.); (V.L.K.); (C.R.A.J.)
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19
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Gao HL, Gupta P, Cui Q, Ashar YV, Wu ZX, Zeng L, Lei ZN, Teng QX, Ashby CR, Guan Y, Chen ZS. Sapitinib Reverses Anticancer Drug Resistance in Colon Cancer Cells Overexpressing the ABCB1 Transporter. Front Oncol 2020; 10:574861. [PMID: 33163405 PMCID: PMC7581728 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.574861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of anti-cancer drugs in patients can be attenuated by the development of multi-drug resistance (MDR) due to ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters overexpression. In this in vitro study, we determined the reversal efficacy of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EFGR) inhibitor, saptinib, in SW620 and SW720/Ad300 colon cancer cells and HEK293/ABCB1 cells which overexpress the ABCB1 transporter. Sapitinib significantly increased the efficacy of paclitaxel and doxorubicin in ABCB1 overexpressing cells without altering the expression or the subcellular location of the ABCB1 transporter. Sapitinib significantly increased the accumulation of [3H]-paclitaxel in SW620/AD300 cells probably by stimulating ATPase activity which could competitively inhibit the uptake of [3H]-paclitaxel. Furthermore, sapitinib inhibited the growth of resistant multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTS). The docking study indicated that sapitinib interacted with the efflux site of ABCB1 transporter by π-π interaction and two hydrogen bonds. In conclusion, our study suggests that sapitinib surmounts MDR mediated by ABCB1 transporter in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ling Gao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Pranav Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Qingbin Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Yunali V Ashar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Zhuo-Xun Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Leli Zeng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States.,Tomas Lindahl Nobel Laureate Laboratory, Research Centre, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zi-Ning Lei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Qiu-Xu Teng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Charles R Ashby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Yingjun Guan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
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20
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Chen Z, Ling K, Zhu Y, Deng L, Li Y, Liang Z. Rucaparib antagonize multidrug resistance in cervical cancer cells through blocking the function of ABC transporters. Gene 2020; 759:145000. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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21
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Ma YS, Li W, Liu Y, Shi Y, Lin QL, Fu D. Targeting Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells as an Effective Treatment for Colorectal Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 19:1533033819892261. [PMID: 32748700 PMCID: PMC7785997 DOI: 10.1177/1533033819892261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the common cancers that threaten human life, the recurrence and metastasis of colorectal cancer seriously affect the prognosis of patients. Although new drugs and comprehensive treatments have been adopted, the current treatment effect on this tumor, especially in advanced colorectal cancer, is still not satisfactory. More and more evidence shows that tumors are likely to be a stem cell disease. In recent years, the rise of cancer stem cell theory has provided a new way for cancer treatment. Studies have found that a small number of special cells in colorectal cancer tissues that induce tumorigenesis, proliferation, and promote tumor migration and metastasis, namely, colorectal cancer stem cells. Colorectal cancer stem cells are defined with a group of cell-surface markers, such as CD44, CD133, CD24, epithelial cell adhesion factor molecule, LGR5, and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase. They are highly tumorigenic, aggressive, and chemoresistant and thus are critical in the metastasis and recurrence of colorectal cancer. Therefore, targeting colorectal cancer stem cells may become an important research direction for the future cure of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shui Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and By-Product Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China.,Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and By-Product Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin-Lu Lin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and By-Product Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Da Fu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Rice and By-Product Deep Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China.,Central Laboratory for Medical Research, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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22
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Yang Y, Ji N, Cai C, Wang J, Lei Z, Teng Q, Wu Z, Cui Q, Pan Y, Chen Z. Modulating the function of ABCB1: in vitro and in vivo characterization of sitravatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2020; 40:285-300. [PMID: 32525624 PMCID: PMC7365458 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overexpression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter is a major contributor to multidrug resistance (MDR), in which cancer cells acquire resistance to a wide spectrum of chemotherapeutic drugs. In this work, we evaluated the sensitizing effect of sitravatinib, a broad-spectrum tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), on ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1)- and ATP-binding cassette subfamily C member 10 (ABCC10)-mediated MDR. METHODS MTT assay was conducted to examine cytotoxicity and evaluate the sensitizing effect of sitravatinib at non-toxic concentrations. Tritium-labeled paclitaxel transportation, Western blotting, immunofluorescence analysis, and ATPase assay were carried out to elucidate the mechanism of sitravatinib-induced chemosensitization. The in vitro findings were translated into preclinical evaluation with the establishment of xenograft models. RESULTS Sitravatinib considerably reversed MDR mediated by ABCB1 and partially antagonized ABCC10-mediated MDR. Our in silico docking simulation analysis indicated that sitravatinib strongly and stably bound to the transmembrane domain of ABCB1 human-mouse chimeric model. Furthermore, sitravatinib inhibited hydrolysis of ATP and synchronously decreased the efflux function of ABCB1. Thus, sitravatinib could considerably enhance the intracellular concentration of anticancer drugs. Interestingly, no significant alterations of both expression level and localization of ABCB1 were observed. More importantly, sitravatinib could remarkably restore the antitumor activity of vincristine in ABCB1-mediated xenograft model without observable toxic effect. CONCLUSIONS The findings in this study suggest that the combination of sitrvatinib and substrate antineoplastic drugs of ABCB1 could attenuate the MDR mediated by the overexpression of ABCB1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of Pharmacy and Health SciencesSt. John's UniversityQueensNew York11439USA
| | - Ning Ji
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of Pharmacy and Health SciencesSt. John's UniversityQueensNew York11439USA
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental HematologyChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeInstitute of Hematology and Blood Diseases HospitalTianjin300020P. R. China
| | - Chao‐Yun Cai
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of Pharmacy and Health SciencesSt. John's UniversityQueensNew York11439USA
| | - Jing‐Quan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of Pharmacy and Health SciencesSt. John's UniversityQueensNew York11439USA
| | - Zi‐Ning Lei
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of Pharmacy and Health SciencesSt. John's UniversityQueensNew York11439USA
| | - Qiu‐Xu Teng
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of Pharmacy and Health SciencesSt. John's UniversityQueensNew York11439USA
| | - Zhuo‐Xun Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of Pharmacy and Health SciencesSt. John's UniversityQueensNew York11439USA
| | - Qingbin Cui
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of Pharmacy and Health SciencesSt. John's UniversityQueensNew York11439USA
- School of Public HealthGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong511436P. R. China
| | - Yihang Pan
- Tomas Lindahl Nobel Laureate Laboratorythe Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityShenzhenGuangdong518107P. R. China
| | - Zhe‐Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of Pharmacy and Health SciencesSt. John's UniversityQueensNew York11439USA
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23
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Yang Y, Ji N, Teng QX, Cai CY, Wang JQ, Wu ZX, Lei ZN, Lusvarghi S, Ambudkar SV, Chen ZS. Sitravatinib, a Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, Inhibits the Transport Function of ABCG2 and Restores Sensitivity to Chemotherapy-Resistant Cancer Cells in vitro. Front Oncol 2020; 10:700. [PMID: 32477943 PMCID: PMC7236772 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sitravatinib, also called MGCD516 or MG-516, is a broad-spectrum tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) under phase III clinical evaluation. Herein, we explored the activity of sitravatinib toward multidrug resistance (MDR) by emphasizing its inhibitory effect on ATP-binding cassette super-family G member 2 (ABCG2). ABCG2 is a member of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family and plays a critical role in mediating MDR. Sitravatinb received an outstanding docking score for binding to the human ABCG2 model (PDB code: 6ETI) among thirty screened TKIs. Also, an MTT assay indicated that sitravatinib at 3 μM had the ability to restore the antineoplastic effect of various ABCG2 substrates in both drug-selected and gene-transfected ABCG2-overexpressing cell lines. In further tritium-labeled mitoxantrone transportation study, sitravatinib at 3 μM blocked the efflux function mediated by ABCG2 and as a result, increased the intracellular concentration of anticancer drugs. Interestingly, sitravatinib at 3 μM altered neither protein expression nor subcellular localization of ABCG2. An ATPase assay demonstrated that ATPase activity of ABCG2 was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner with sitravatinib; thus, the energy source to pump out compounds was interfered. Collectively, the results of this study open new avenues for sitravatinib working as an ABCG2 inhibitor which restores the antineoplastic activity of anticancer drugs known to be ABCG2 substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Ning Ji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States.,State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology Institute of Hematology and Hospital of Blood Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiu-Xu Teng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Chao-Yun Cai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Jing-Quan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Zhuo-Xun Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Zi-Ning Lei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Sabrina Lusvarghi
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Suresh V Ambudkar
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
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24
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Liu S, Li R, Qian J, Sun J, Li G, Shen J, Xie Y. Combination Therapy of Doxorubicin and Quercetin on Multidrug-Resistant Breast Cancer and Their Sequential Delivery by Reduction-Sensitive Hyaluronic Acid-Based Conjugate/d-α-Tocopheryl Poly(ethylene glycol) 1000 Succinate Mixed Micelles. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:1415-1427. [PMID: 32159961 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapy in many types of hematological malignancies and solid tumors is dramatically hindered by multidrug resistance (MDR). This work presents a combination strategy of pretreatment of MDA-MB-231/MDR1 cells with quercetin (QU) followed by doxorubicin (DOX) to overcome MDR, which can be delivered by mixed micelles composed of the reduction-sensitive hyaluronic acid-based conjugate and d-α-tocopheryl poly(ethylene glycol) 1000 succinate. The combination strategy can enhance the cytotoxicity of DOX on MDA-MB-231/MDR1 cells by increasing intracellular DOX accumulation and facilitating DOX-induced apoptosis. The probable MDR reversal mechanisms are that the pretreatment cells with QU-loaded mixed micelles downregulate P-glycoprotein expression to decrease DOX efflux as well as initiate mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathways to accelerate DOX-induced apoptosis. In addition, this combination strategy can not only potentiate in vivo tumor-targeting efficiency but also enhance the antitumor effect in MDA-MB-231/MDR1-bearing nude mice without toxicity or side effects. This research suggests that the co-administration of natural compounds and chemotherapeutic drugs could be an effective strategy to overcome tumor MDR, which deserves further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Liu
- Research Center for Health and Nutrition, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Rui Li
- Research Center for Health and Nutrition, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jin Qian
- Research Center for Health and Nutrition, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiabin Sun
- Research Center for Health and Nutrition, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Guowen Li
- Pharmacy Department, Shanghai TCM-integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Jianliang Shen
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.,Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325001, China
| | - Yan Xie
- Research Center for Health and Nutrition, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
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25
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Lipid-Saporin Nanoparticles for the Intracellular Delivery of Cytotoxic Protein to Overcome ABC Transporter-Mediated Multidrug Resistance In Vitro and In Vivo. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020498. [PMID: 32098067 PMCID: PMC7072609 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the judicious use of anticancer drugs that target one or more receptor tyrosine kinases constitutes an effective strategy to attenuate tumor growth, drug resistance is commonly encountered in cancer patients. The ATP-binding cassette transporters are one of the major contributors to the development of multidrug resistance as their overexpression significantly decreases the intracellular concentration and thus, the efficacy of certain anticancer drugs. Therefore, the development of treatment strategies that would not be susceptible to efflux or excretion by specific ABC transporters could overcome resistance to treatment. Here, we investigated the anticancer efficacy of saporin, a ribosome-inactivating protein. Since saporin has poor permeability across the cell membrane, it was encapsulated in a lipid-based nanoparticle system (EC16-1) that effectively delivered the formulation (EC16-1/saporin) intracellularly and produced anti-cancer efficacy. EC16-1/saporin, at nanomolar concentrations, significantly inhibited the cellular proliferation of parental and ABCB1- and ABCG2-overexpressing cancer cells. EC16-1/saporin did not significantly alter the subcellular localization of ABCB1 and ABCG2. In addition, EC16-1/saporin induced apoptosis in parental and ABCB1- and ABCG2-overexpressing cancer cells. In a murine model system, EC16-1/saporin significantly inhibited the tumor growth in mice xenografted with parental and ABCB1- and ABCG2-overexpressing cancer cells. Our findings suggest that the EC16-1/saporin combination could potentially be a novel therapeutic treatment in patients with parental or ABCB1- and ABCG2-positive drug-resistant cancers.
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26
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Li X, He G, Su F, Chu Z, Xu L, Zhang Y, Zhou J, Ding Y. Regorafenib-loaded poly (lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres designed to improve transarterial chemoembolization therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Asian J Pharm Sci 2020; 15:739-751. [PMID: 33363629 PMCID: PMC7750808 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) has been widely introduced to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) especially for unresectable patients for decades. However, TACE evokes an angiogenic response due to the secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), resulting in the formation of new blood vessels and eventually tumor recurrence. Thus, we aimed to develop regorafenib (REGO)-loaded poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres that enabled localized and sustained drug delivery to limit proangiogenic responses following TACE in HCC treatment. REGO-loaded PLGA microspheres were prepared using the emulsion-solvent evaporation/extraction method, in which DMF was selected as an organic phase co-solvent. Accordingly, we optimized the proportion of DMF, which the optimal ratio to DCM was 1:9 (v/v). After preparation, the microspheres provided high drug loading capacity of 28.6%, high loading efficiency of 91.5%, and the average particle size of 149 µm for TACE. IR spectra and XRD were applied to confirming sufficient REGO entrapment. The in vitro release profiles demonstrated sustained drug release of microspheres for more than 30 d To confirm the role of REGO-loaded microspheres in TACE, the cell cytotoxic activity on HepG2 cells and anti-angiogenic effects in HUVECs Tube-formation assay were studied in combination with miriplatin. Moreover, the microspheres indicated the potential of antagonizing miriplatin resistance of HepG2 cells in vitro. Pharmacokinetics preliminary studies exhibited that REGO could be sustainably released from microspheres for more than 30 d after TACE in vivo. In vivo anti-tumor efficacy was further determined in HepG2 xenograft tumor mouse model, demonstrating that REGO microspheres could improve the antitumor efficacy of miriplatin remarkably compared with miriplatin monotherapy. In conclusion, the obtained REGO microspheres demonstrated promising therapeutic effects against HCC when combined with TACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.,Anhui Province Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hefei 230051, China
| | - Guangwei He
- Hefei Industrial Pharmaceutical Institute Co Ltd, Hefei 230051, China
| | - Feng Su
- Hefei Industrial Pharmaceutical Institute Co Ltd, Hefei 230051, China
| | - Zhaoxing Chu
- Hefei Industrial Pharmaceutical Institute Co Ltd, Hefei 230051, China
| | - Leiming Xu
- Anhui Province Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hefei 230051, China
| | - Yazhong Zhang
- Anhui Province Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hefei 230051, China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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27
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Wu ZX, Yang Y, Teng QX, Wang JQ, Lei ZN, Wang JQ, Lusvarghi S, Ambudkar SV, Yang DH, Chen ZS. Tivantinib, A c-Met Inhibitor in Clinical Trials, Is Susceptible to ABCG2-Mediated Drug Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12010186. [PMID: 31940916 PMCID: PMC7017082 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12010186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Tivantinib, also known as ARQ-197, is a potent non-ATP competitive selective c-Met inhibitor currently under phase 3 clinical trial evaluation for liver and lung cancers. In this study, we explored factors that may lead to tivantinib resistance, especially in regards to its interaction with ATP-binding cassette super-family G member 2 (ABCG2). ABCG2 is one of the most important members of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family, a group of membrane proteins that play a critical role in mediating multidrug resistance (MDR) in a variety of cancers, including those of the liver and lung. Tivantinib received a high score in docking analysis, indicating a strong interaction between tivantinib and ABCG2, and an ATPase assay indicated that tivantinib stimulated ABCG2 ATPase activity in a concentration-dependent manner. An MTT assay showed that ABCG2 overexpression significantly desensitized both the cancer cells and ABCG2 transfected-HEK293 cells to tivantinib and that this drug resistance can be reversed by ABCG2 inhibitors. Furthermore, tivantinib upregulated the protein expression of ABCG2 without altering the cell surface localization of ABCG2, leading to increased resistance to substrate drugs, such as mitoxantrone. Altogether, these data demonstrate that tivantinib is a substrate of ABCG2, and, therefore, ABCG2 overexpression may decrease its therapeutic effect. Our study provides evidence that the overexpression of ABCG2 should be monitored in clinical settings as an important risk factor for tivantinib drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Xun Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (Z.-X.W.); (Y.Y.); (Q.-X.T.); (J.-Q.W.); (Z.-N.L.); (J.-Q.W.)
| | - Yuqi Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (Z.-X.W.); (Y.Y.); (Q.-X.T.); (J.-Q.W.); (Z.-N.L.); (J.-Q.W.)
| | - Qiu-Xu Teng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (Z.-X.W.); (Y.Y.); (Q.-X.T.); (J.-Q.W.); (Z.-N.L.); (J.-Q.W.)
| | - Jing-Quan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (Z.-X.W.); (Y.Y.); (Q.-X.T.); (J.-Q.W.); (Z.-N.L.); (J.-Q.W.)
| | - Zi-Ning Lei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (Z.-X.W.); (Y.Y.); (Q.-X.T.); (J.-Q.W.); (Z.-N.L.); (J.-Q.W.)
| | - Jing-Qiu Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (Z.-X.W.); (Y.Y.); (Q.-X.T.); (J.-Q.W.); (Z.-N.L.); (J.-Q.W.)
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Sabrina Lusvarghi
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (S.L.); (S.V.A.)
| | - Suresh V. Ambudkar
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (S.L.); (S.V.A.)
| | - Dong-Hua Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (Z.-X.W.); (Y.Y.); (Q.-X.T.); (J.-Q.W.); (Z.-N.L.); (J.-Q.W.)
- Correspondence: (D.-H.Y.); (Z.-S.C.); Tel.: +1-718-990-6468 (D.-H.Y.); +1-718-990-1432 (Z.-S.C.); Fax: +1-718-990-1877 (D.-H.Y. & Z.-S.C.)
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY 11439, USA; (Z.-X.W.); (Y.Y.); (Q.-X.T.); (J.-Q.W.); (Z.-N.L.); (J.-Q.W.)
- Correspondence: (D.-H.Y.); (Z.-S.C.); Tel.: +1-718-990-6468 (D.-H.Y.); +1-718-990-1432 (Z.-S.C.); Fax: +1-718-990-1877 (D.-H.Y. & Z.-S.C.)
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28
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Wu ZX, Peng Z, Yang Y, Wang JQ, Teng QX, Lei ZN, Fu YG, Patel K, Liu L, Lin L, Zou C, Chen ZS. M3814, a DNA-PK Inhibitor, Modulates ABCG2-Mediated Multidrug Resistance in Lung Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2020; 10:674. [PMID: 32477940 PMCID: PMC7235170 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
M3814, also known as nedisertib, is a potent and selective DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) inhibitor under phase 2 clinical trials. ABCG2 is a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family that is closely related to multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer treatment. In this study, we demonstrated that M3814 can modulate the function of ABCG2 and overcome ABCG2-mediated MDR. Mechanistic studies showed that M3814 can attenuate the efflux activity of ABCG2 transporter, leading to increased ABCG2 substrate drugs accumulation. Furthermore, M3814 can stimulate the ABCG2 ATPase activity in a concentration-dependent manner without affecting the ABCG2 protein expression or cell surface localization of ABCG2. Moreover, the molecular docking analysis indicated a high affinity between M3814 and ABCG2 transporter at the drug-binding cavity. Taken together, our work reveals M3814 as an ABCG2 modulator and provides a potential combination of co-administering M3814 with ABCG2 substrate-drugs to overcome MDR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo-Xun Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Zheng Peng
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yuqi Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Jing-Quan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Qiu-Xu Teng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Zi-Ning Lei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Yi-Ge Fu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Ketankumar Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
| | - Lili Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lizhu Lin
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chang Zou
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Chang Zou
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY, United States
- Zhe-Sheng Chen
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Fondevila F, Méndez-Blanco C, Fernández-Palanca P, González-Gallego J, Mauriz JL. Anti-tumoral activity of single and combined regorafenib treatments in preclinical models of liver and gastrointestinal cancers. Exp Mol Med 2019; 51:1-15. [PMID: 31551425 PMCID: PMC6802659 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-019-0308-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Regorafenib is a sorafenib-derived chemotherapy drug belonging to the multikinase inhibitor family. This agent effectively targets a wide range of tyrosine kinases involved in cancer biology, such as those implicated in oncogenesis, angiogenesis, and tumor microenvironment control. The beneficial effects of regorafenib in clinical trials of patients who suffer from advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), colorectal cancer (CRC) or gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) refractory to standard treatments led to regorafenib monotherapy approval as a second-line treatment for advanced HCC and as a third-line treatment for advanced CRC and GISTs. Multiple in vitro and in vivo studies have been performed over the last decade to reveal the molecular mechanisms of the favorable actions exerted by regorafenib in patients. Given the hypothetical loss of sensitivity to regorafenib in tumor cells, preclinical research is also searching for novel therapeutic approaches consisting of co-administration of this drug plus other agents as a strategy to improve regorafenib effectiveness. This review summarizes the anti-tumor effects of regorafenib in single or combined treatment in preclinical models of HCC, CRC and GISTs and discusses both the global and molecular effects that account for its anti-cancer properties in the clinical setting. The cancer drug regorafenib exhibits a broad range of anti-tumor activities that could be enhanced by combination with other treatments. A team led by José L. Mauriz from the University of León, Spain, review the ways in which regorafenib, blocking several enzymes involved in cancer biology, has been shown to shrink tumors in different models of liver, colon and gastrointestinal cancer. Its mechanisms of action include blockade of new blood vessel formation, induction of cell death and modulation of the immune microenvironment. Research studies show that co-administration of regorafenib with other drugs directed at various molecular targets or immune pathways produces synergistic effects against cancer cells. The preclinical data highlights the potential of combination drug regimens to improve outcomes among patients eligible for regorafenib treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Fondevila
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of León, León, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Méndez-Blanco
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of León, León, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Fernández-Palanca
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of León, León, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier González-Gallego
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of León, León, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - José L Mauriz
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of León, León, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain.
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