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Show S, Akhter R, Paul I, Das P, Bal M, Bhattacharya R, Bose D, Mondal A, Saha S, Halder G. Efficacy of exopolysaccharide in dye-laden wastewater treatment: A comprehensive review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 355:141753. [PMID: 38531498 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The discharge of dye-laden wastewater into the water streams causes severe water and soil pollution, which poses a global threat to aquatic ecosystems and humans. A diverse array of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and algae produce exopolysaccharides (EPS) of different compositions and exhibit great bioflocculation potency to sustainably eradicate dyes from water bodies. Nanomodified chemical composites of EPS enable their recyclability during dye-laden wastewater treatment. Nevertheless, the selection of potent EPS-producing strains and physiological parameters of microbial growth and the remediation process could influence the removal efficiency of EPS. This review will intrinsically discuss the fundamental importance of EPS from diverse microbial origins and their nanomodified chemical composites, the mechanisms in EPS-mediated bioremediation of dyes, and the parametric influences on EPS-mediated dye removal through sorption/bioflocculation. This review will pave the way for designing and adopting futuristic green and sustainable EPS-based bioremediation strategies for dye-laden wastewater in situ and ex situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumona Show
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Ramisa Akhter
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Indrani Paul
- Department of Biotechnology, Brainware University, Barasat, Kolkata, 700125, West Bengal, India
| | - Payal Das
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Manisha Bal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India
| | - Riya Bhattacharya
- School of Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Debajyoti Bose
- School of Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Amita Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Vedanta College, Kolkata, 700054, West Bengal, India
| | - Shouvik Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, Brainware University, Barasat, Kolkata, 700125, West Bengal, India.
| | - Gopinath Halder
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, 713209, West Bengal, India.
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Qin S, Li Q, Dou J, Man Y, Wu L, Tian H, Jiang M, Liu G. Isolation and characterization of Stenotrophomonas pavanii GXUN74707 with efficient flocculation performance and application in wastewater treatment. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1367043. [PMID: 38737412 PMCID: PMC11082306 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1367043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The identification of microorganisms with excellent flocculants-producing capability and optimization of the fermentation process are necessary for the wide-scale application of bioflocculants. Therefore, we isolated and identified a highly efficient flocculation performance strain of Stenotrophomonas pavanii GXUN74707 from the sludge. The optimal fermentation and flocculation conditions of strain S. pavanii GXUN74707 was in fermentation medium with glucose and urea as the carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively, at pH 7.0 for 36 h, which treatment of kaolin suspension with 0.5 mL of the fermentation broth resulted in a flocculation rate of 99.0%. The bioflocculant synthesized by strain S. pavanii GXUN74707 was found mainly in the supernatant of the fermentation broth. Chemical analysis revealed that the pure bioflocculant consisted of 79.70% carbohydrates and 14.38% proteins. The monosaccharide components of MBF-GXUN74707 are mainly mannose (5.96 μg/mg), galactose (1.86 μg/mg), and glucose (1.73 μg/mg). Infrared spectrometric analysis showed the presence of carboxyl (COO-), hydroxyl (-OH) groups. The SEM images showed clumps of rod-shaped bacteria with adhesion of extracellular products. Furthermore, the strain decolored dye wastewater containing direct black, direct blue, and Congo red by 89.2%, 95.1%, 94.1%, respectively. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD) removal rates after treatment of aquaculture wastewater with the fermentation broth were 68% and 23%, respectively. This study is the first to report the performance and application of strain Stenotrophomonas pavanii in wastewater flocculation. The results indicate that strain S. pavanii is a good candidate for the production novel bioflocculants and demonstrates its potential industrial practicality in biotechnology processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mingguo Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Polysaccharide Materials and Modifications, School of Marine Sciences and Biotechnology, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning, China
| | - Guofang Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Polysaccharide Materials and Modifications, School of Marine Sciences and Biotechnology, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning, China
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An Q, Deng SM, Zhao B, Huang C, Yang JX. Bioflocculation characteristics of bound extracellular polymers substances from Pseudomonas sp. XD-3 and behavior of polysaccharides. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 228:113436. [PMID: 37406463 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the bioflocculation characteristics of bound extracellular polymers substances (B-EPS), which were extracted from Pseudomonas sp. XD-3. The flocculation efficiency of B-EPS achieved about 80%- 95% with an initial pH of 4-7, kaolin concentrations of 3-7 g L-1, temperature of 25-100 ℃ and B-EPS dosage of 9-105 mg L-1. The bioflocculation process of B-EPS conformed to pseudo-second-order kinetic mode, suggesting that the bioflocculation belonged to chemical adsorption process. Enzymatic hydrolysis experiments demonstrated that both polysaccharides and proteins were active components for bioflocculation. The polysaccharides were irregular aggregates with rough and porous surfaces and contained hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, which helped to promote bridging effect. Ribose, glucose and galactose were the main monosaccharides of polysaccharides. The molecular weight of the polysaccharides was relatively small, but the relatively loose configuration exposed more ion bridging sites, thus promoting the bioflocculation. Optimizing the ingredients of culture medium and culture time for B-EPS were effective strategies to increase the yield of flocculation active components. When the conditions were 10% of 2 g L-1 KH2PO4 + 5 g L-1 K2HPO4, 0.05% of Tween-80, citrate as carbon source and 32-48 h of culture time, both proteins and polysaccharides in B-EPS were significantly improved. This study gives an in-deep understanding on the flocculation characteristics of a novel bioflocculant from Pseudomonas sp. XD-3, which is conducive to the widespread application of bioflocculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang An
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Shu Man Deng
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Bin Zhao
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China.
| | - Chuang Huang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Ji Xiang Yang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing 400714, PR China
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Nkosi NC, Basson AK, Ntombela ZG, Dlamini NG, Maliehe TS, Pullabhotla RVSR. Production and characterization of a bioflocculant produced by Proteus mirabilis AB 932526.1 and its application in wastewater treatment and dye removal. PURE APPL CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2022-1002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Microbial flocculants affect the aggregation of suspended solutes in solutions, thus, they are a viable alternative to inorganic and organic synthetic flocculants which are associated with deleterious health problems. Moreover, a potential solution for wastewater treatment. The study aimed to produce and characterize a bioflocculant from Proteus mirabilis AB 932526.1 and apply it in domestic wastewater treatment and dye removal. The bioflocculant was extracted using butanol and chloroform (5:2 v/v). Carbohydrates, proteins, and uronic acid were identified using phenol-sulphuric acid, Bradford, and Carbazole essays. The morphology, crystallinity and elemental composition of the purified bioflocculant were determined using a Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis and SEM energy dispersive elemental detector (SEM-EDX). The antimicrobial properties and dye removal efficiencies were evaluated. About 3.8 g/L yields of the purified bioflocculant were attained. Chemical composition analysis revealed the presence of 65 % carbohydrates, 10 % proteins, and 24 % uronic acids. The bioflocculant displayed an amorphous and crystalline structure. Bioflocculant further shows some remarkable properties as they can be able to inhibit the growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. The removal efficiencies of 85 % (COD), 82 % (BOD), and 81 % (SO4
2−) in domestic wastewater were achieved. Moreover, the high removal efficiency of staining dyes such as methylene blue (71 %), carbol fuchsin (81 %), safranin (83 %), methylene orange (90 %), and Congo red (90 %) were found. The produced bioflocculant can imply industrial applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nkanyiso C. Nkosi
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology , Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand , P/Bag X 1001 , KwaDlangezwa 3886 , South Africa
| | - Albertus K. Basson
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology , Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand , P/Bag X 1001 , KwaDlangezwa 3886 , South Africa
| | - Zuzingcebo G. Ntombela
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology , Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand , P/Bag X 1001 , KwaDlangezwa 3886 , South Africa
| | - Nkosinathi G. Dlamini
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology , Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand , P/Bag X 1001 , KwaDlangezwa 3886 , South Africa
| | - Tsolanku S. Maliehe
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology , Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand , P/Bag X 1001 , KwaDlangezwa 3886 , South Africa
| | - Rajasekhar V. S. R. Pullabhotla
- Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand , P/Bag X 1001 , KwaDlangezwa 3886 , South Africa
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Hossain S, Manan H, Shukri ZNA, Othman R, Kamaruzzan AS, Rahim AIA, Khatoon H, Minhaz TM, Islam Z, Kasan NA. Microplastics biodegradation by biofloc-producing bacteria: An inventive biofloc technology approach. Microbiol Res 2023; 266:127239. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Bahniuk MS, Alidina F, Tan X, Unsworth LD. The last 25 years of research on bioflocculants for kaolin flocculation with recent trends and technical challenges for the future. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1048755. [PMID: 36507274 PMCID: PMC9731118 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1048755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of kaolin-containing wastewater is an inevitable consequence in a number of industries including mining, wastewater treatment, and bitumen processing. In some cases, the production of kaolin tailings waste during the production of bitumen or phosphate is as high as 3 times greater than the actual produced product. The existing inventory of nearly five billion barrels of oil sands tailings alone represents a massive storage and reclamation challenge, as well as a significant economic and environmental liability. Current reclamation options like inorganic coagulants and organic synthetic polymers may settle kaolin effectively, but may themselves pose an additional environmental hazard. Bioflocculants are an emerging alternative, given the inherent safety and biodegradability of their bio-based compositions. This review summarizes the different research attempts towards a better bioflocculant of kaolin, with a focus on the bioflocculant source, composition, and effective flocculating conditions. Bacillus bacteria were the most prevalent single species for bioflocculant production, with wastewater also hosting a large number of bioflocculant-producing microorganisms while serving as an inexpensive nutrient. Effective kaolin flocculation could be obtained over a broad range of pH values (1-12) and temperatures (5-95°C). Uronic acid and glutamic acid were predominant sugars and amino acids, respectively, in a number of effective bioflocculants, potentially due to their structural and charge similarities to effective synthetic polymers like polyacrylamide. Overall, these results demonstrate that bioflocculants can be produced from a wide range of microorganisms, can be composed of polysaccharides, protein or glycoproteins and can serve as effective treatment options for kaolin. In some cases, the next obstacle to their wide-spread application is scaling to industrially relevant volumes and their deployment strategies.
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Bioflocculant produced by Bacillus velezensis and its potential application in brewery wastewater treatment. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10945. [PMID: 35768624 PMCID: PMC9243052 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15193-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the potential of bioflocculant producing strains isolated from wastewater sludge. According to the Plackett–Burman design, the response surface revealed glucose, magnesium sulfate, and ammonium sulfate as critical media components of the nutritional source, whereas the central composite design affirmed an optimum concentration of the critical nutritional source as 16.0 g/l (glucose), 3.5 g/l magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO4.7H2O), and 1.6 g/l ammonium sulfate ( (NH4)2SO4), yielding an optimal flocculation activity of 96.8%. Fourier Transformer Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis confirmed the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl and methoxyl in the structure of the bioflocculant. Additionally, chemical analysis affirmed the presence of mainly a polysaccharide in the main backbone of the purified bioflocculant with no detection of protein. Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis affirmed the presence of chlorine, phosphorous, oxygen and chlorine as representatives of elemental composition. Thermogravimetric (TGA) analysis revealed over 60% weight was retained at a temperature range of 700 °C. The purified bioflocculant remarkably removed chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand and turbidity in brewery wastewater. This study suggested that the bioflocculant might be an alternate candidate for wastewater treatment.
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El Bouaidi W, Libralato G, Douma M, Ounas A, Yaacoubi A, Lofrano G, Albarano L, Guida M, Loudiki M. A review of plant-based coagulants for turbidity and cyanobacteria blooms removal. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:42601-42615. [PMID: 35384538 PMCID: PMC9148277 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20036-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the proliferation of Harmful Cyanobacterial Blooms (CyanoHABs) has increased with water eutrophication and climate change, impairing human health and the environment in relation to water supply. In drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs), the bio-coagulation based on natural coagulants has been studied as an eco-friendly alternative technology to conventional coagulants for both turbidity and CyanoHABs removal. Plant-based coagulants have demonstrated their coagulation efficiency in turbidity removal, as reported in several papers but its ability in cyanobacterial removal is still limited. This paper mainly reviewed the application of plant-based coagulants in DWTPs, with focus on turbidity removal, including cyanobacterial cells. The future potential uses of these green coagulants to reduce noxious effects of cyanobacterial proliferation are presented. Green coagulants advantages and limitations in DWTPs are reviewed and discussed summarizing more than 10 years of knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Widad El Bouaidi
- Laboratory of Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change; Phycology, Biotechnology and Environmental Toxicology Research Unit, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Department of Biology, Cadi Ayyad University, Av. Prince My Abdellah, P. O Box 2390, 40000 Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Giovanni Libralato
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cinthia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Mountasser Douma
- Polydisciplinary Faculty of Khouribga (FPK), Sultan Moulay Slimane University, 25000 Khouribga, Morocco
| | - Abdelaziz Ounas
- Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Department of Chemistry, Cadi Ayyad University, 40000 Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Abdelrani Yaacoubi
- Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Department of Chemistry, Cadi Ayyad University, 40000 Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Giusy Lofrano
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Motorie, Umane E Della Salute, Università Degli Studi Di Roma Foro Italico, Piazza Lauro De Bosis, 15, 00135 Roma, Italy
| | - Luisa Albarano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cinthia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Guida
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cinthia 21, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Mohammed Loudiki
- Laboratory of Water, Biodiversity and Climate Change; Phycology, Biotechnology and Environmental Toxicology Research Unit, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Department of Biology, Cadi Ayyad University, Av. Prince My Abdellah, P. O Box 2390, 40000 Marrakesh, Morocco
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Tsilo PH, Basson AK, Ntombela ZG, Maliehe TS, Pullabhotla VR. Production and Characterization of a Bioflocculant from Pichia kudriavzevii MH545928.1 and Its Application in Wastewater Treatment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063148. [PMID: 35328836 PMCID: PMC8953087 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A variety of flocculants have been used to aggregate colloidal substances. However, recently, owing to the adverse effects and high costs of conventional flocculants, natural flocculants such as microbial flocculants are gaining attention. The aim of the study was to produce and characterize a bioflocculant from Pichia kudriavzevii MH545928.1 and apply it in wastewater treatment. A mixture of butanol and chloroform (5:2 v/v) was used to extract the bioflocculant. Phenol–sulphuric acid, Bradford and Carbazole assays were utilized for the identification of carbohydrates, proteins and uronic acid, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and elemental detector were employed to determine the surface morphology and elemental compositions. The removal efficiencies were 73%, 49% and 47% for BOD, COD and P, respectively. The bioflocculant (2.836 g/L) obtained showed the presence of carbohydrates (69%), protein (11%) and uronic acid (16%). The bioflocculant displayed a cumulus-like structure and the elemental composition of C (16.92%), N (1.03%), O (43:76%), Na (0.18%), Mg (0.40%), Al (0.80%), P (14.44%), S (1.48%), Cl (0.31%), K (0.34%) and Ca (20.35). It showed the removal efficiencies of 43% (COD), 64% (BOD), 73% (P) and 50% (N) in coal mine wastewater. This bioflocculant is potentially viable to be used in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phakamani H. Tsilo
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand, P/Bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa; (Z.G.N.); (A.K.B.); (T.S.M.)
- Correspondence: (P.H.T.); (V.R.P.); Tel.: +27-671-090-888 (P.H.T.); +27-35-902-6155 (V.R.P.)
| | - Albertus K. Basson
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand, P/Bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa; (Z.G.N.); (A.K.B.); (T.S.M.)
| | - Zuzingcebo G. Ntombela
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand, P/Bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa; (Z.G.N.); (A.K.B.); (T.S.M.)
| | - Tsolanku S. Maliehe
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand, P/Bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa; (Z.G.N.); (A.K.B.); (T.S.M.)
| | - V.S.R. Rajasekhar Pullabhotla
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand, P/Bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa
- Correspondence: (P.H.T.); (V.R.P.); Tel.: +27-671-090-888 (P.H.T.); +27-35-902-6155 (V.R.P.)
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Dhanya BE, Athmika, Rekha PD. Characterization of an exopolysaccharide produced by Enterobacter sp. YU16-RN5 and its potential to alleviate cadmium induced cytotoxicity in vitro. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:491. [PMID: 34790515 PMCID: PMC8578477 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-03034-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural biopolymers have gained remarkable attention for bioremediation particularly in heavy metal removal and oil degradation due to their non-toxic nature and lack of secondary pollution. The exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by the bacteria have become an important class of biopolymers that are employed in bioremediation. The bacteria isolated from the rhizospheric soil have higher metal tolerance and their EPS are effective in biosorption of heavy metals. Here, we report the characterization of an EPS (EPS-RN5) isolated from the root nodule-associated bacteria, Enterobacter cancerogenus strain YU16-RN5 and its heavy metal biosorption abilities. The bacteria isolated from the West coast of India was cultured in yeast extract mannitol (YEM) medium for EPS extraction and to study the production kinetics on a temporal scale. The biochemical composition, rheological properties and thermostability of EPS-RN5 was characterized by standard methods. The biosorption potential of EPS-RN5 against the selected heavy metals was analyzed by employing the inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) technique. Further, cell culture experiments were used to test the role of EPS-RN5 in reducing the cytotoxicity exerted by the heavy metals in vitro using a human embryonic kidney cell line (HEK 293T). The bacteria showed good growth in YEM media and the maximum EPS yield was 1800 mg/L at 96 h. The molecular weight of EPS-RN5 was 0.7 × 106 Da and it contained 61.5% total sugars and 14.5% proteins. The monosaccharide composition of the EPS included glucose, sorbose and galactose in the ratio 0.25:0.07:1.0. The EPS-RN5 showed high thermal stability with a degradation temperature of 273 °C. Rheological analysis revealed the non-Newtonian behavior, with pseudoplastic characteristics. The EPS-RN5 efficiently absorbed cadmium and other heavy metals such as mercury, strontium, copper, arsenic, and uranium. In vitro studies revealed significant protective effect against the cadmium-induced cytotoxicity in HEK 293T cells. These results indicate the potential applications of EPS-RN5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bythadka Erappa Dhanya
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575018 India
| | - Athmika
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575018 India
| | - Punchappady Devasya Rekha
- Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), University Road, Deralakatte, Mangalore, 575018 India
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Ding R, Luo L, Han R, Zhang M, Li T, Tang J, Huang S, Hong J. Rapid Production of a Novel Al(III) Dependent Bioflocculant Isolated From Raoultella ornithinolytica 160-1 and Its Application Combined With Inorganic Salts. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:622365. [PMID: 33510736 PMCID: PMC7835285 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.622365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient bioflocculant-producing strain, Raoultella ornithinolytica 160-1, was identified by 16S rRNA and mass spectrometry analyses. Rapid production of bioflocculant EPS-160 was obtained with 10.01 g/(L⋅d) after optimized by response surface methodology. With the aid of Al(III), more than 90% flocculation activity of EPS-160 at 8 mg/L dosage was achieved in 5 min. Thus, this novel Al(III) dependent bioflocculant was used in combined with chemical coagulants AlCl3 to remove kaolin suspensions and wastewater treatment. The results indicated that the addition of EPS-160 in aggregation system not only largely improved the flocculation ability than the individual use of chemical flocculant (over 30 percent), but also overcome the decrease of flocculation activity due to the overdose of AlCl3 and maintained the optimum dosage of AlCl3 in a wide range (11–23 mg/L). The zeta potentials and EPS-160 structure indicated that both charge neutralization and bridging were the flocculation mechanism with kaolin. During the wastewater treatment, this composite flocculants consisted of EPS-160 and AlCl3 also had great performance for turbidity elimination. Moreover, with the properties of high flocculation activity, hyperthermal stability, pH tolerance and non-toxicity, EPS-160 shows great potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Laipeng Luo
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ruixiang Han
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Meiling Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Laboratory Department of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jihui Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shenghai Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiong Hong
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at the Microscale, Hefei, China
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Using a novel polysaccharide BM2 produced by Bacillus megaterium strain PL8 as an efficient bioflocculant for wastewater treatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 162:374-384. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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13
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Marine Actinobacteria Bioflocculant: A Storehouse of Unique Biotechnological Resources for Wastewater Treatment and Other Applications. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10217671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The bioactive compounds produced by actinobacteria have played a major role in antimicrobials, bioremediation, biofuels, enzymes, and anti-cancer activities. Biodegradable microbial flocculants have been produced by bacteria, algae, and fungi. Microbial bioflocculants have also attracted biotechnology importance over chemical flocculants as a result of degradability and environmentally friendly attributes they possess. Though, freshwater actinobacteria flocculants have been explored in bioflocculation. Yet, there is a paucity of information on the application of actinobacteria flocculants isolated from the marine environment. Similarly, marine habitats that supported the biodiversity of actinobacteria strains in the field of biotechnology have been underexplored in bioflocculation. Hence, this review reiterates the need to optimize culture conditions and other parameters that affect bioflocculant production by using a response surface model or artificial neural network.
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14
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Cunha C, Silva L, Paulo J, Faria M, Nogueira N, Cordeiro N. Microalgal-based biopolymer for nano- and microplastic removal: a possible biosolution for wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 263:114385. [PMID: 32203858 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The increasing water pollution caused by the presence of nano- and microplastics has shown a need to pursue solutions to remediate this problem. In this work, an extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) producing freshwater Cyanothece sp. strain was exposed to nano- and microplastics. The bioflocculant capacity of the biopolymer produced was evaluated. The influence of different concentrations (1 and 10 mg L-1) of polystyrene nano- and microplastics in the extracellular carbohydrates and in the EPS production was studied. The presence of nano- and microplastics induced a negative effect on the microalgal growth (of up to 47%). The results show that the EPS produced by Cyanothece sp. exhibits high bioflocculant activity in low concentrations. Also, the EPS displayed very favourable characteristics for aggregation, as the aggregates were confirmed to consist of microalga, EPS and both the nano- and microplastics. These results highlight the potential of the microalgal-based biopolymers to replace hazardous synthetic flocculants used in wastewater treatment, while aggregating and flocculating nano- and microplastics, demonstrating to be a multi-purposed, compelling, biocompatible solution to nano- and microplastic pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Cunha
- LB3 - Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Madeira, 9000-390, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Laura Silva
- LB3 - Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Madeira, 9000-390, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Jorge Paulo
- LB3 - Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Madeira, 9000-390, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Marisa Faria
- LB3 - Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Madeira, 9000-390, Funchal, Portugal; Oceanic Observatory of Madeira (OOM), ARDITI, Madeira Tecnopolo, 9020-105, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Natacha Nogueira
- Mariculture Center of Calheta, Fisheries Directoriate, 9370-134, Calheta, Portugal; CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Nereida Cordeiro
- LB3 - Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Madeira, 9000-390, Funchal, Portugal; CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
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15
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Yu L, Hua JQ, Fan HC, George O, Lu Y. Simultaneous nitriles degradation and bioflocculant production by immobilized K. oxytoca strain in a continuous flow reactor. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 387:121697. [PMID: 31767504 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
High cost is one of the limiting factors in the industrial production of bioflocculant. Simultaneous preparation of bioflocculant from the contaminants in wastewater was considered as a potential approach to reduce the production cost. In this study, butyronitrile and succinonitrile were verified as sole nitrogen sources for the growth of strain K. oxytoca GS-4-08 in batch experiments. Moreover, more than 90 % of the mixed nitriles could be degraded in a continuous flow reactor, and the bioflocculant could be prepared simultaneously in the effluent. All the as-prepared bioflocculants exhibited high flocculation efficiencies of over 90 % toward Kaolin solution. FTIR and XPS results further unveiled that, the bioflocculant samples with abundance of carboxyl, amine and hydroxyl groups may play an important role on adsorption of Pd2+. The adsorption process could be well simulated by Freundlich model, and the Kf values were as high as 452.8 mg1-1/n l1/n g-1. The results obtained in this study not only confirm the technical feasibility for preparation of bioflocculant from various single nitrile and/or mixed nitriles, but also promise its economic feasibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; College of Biology and the Environment, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Jing-Qiu Hua
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Hong-Cheng Fan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Oduro George
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Institute of Engineering, Architecture & Information Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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16
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Azis K, Zerva I, Melidis P, Caceres C, Bourtzis K, Ntougias S. Biochemical and nutritional characterization of the medfly gut symbiont Enterobacter sp. AA26 for its use as probiotics in sterile insect technique applications. BMC Biotechnol 2019; 19:90. [PMID: 31847833 PMCID: PMC6918548 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-019-0584-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Enterobacter sp. AA26 was recently isolated from the midgut of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) and it was shown to have positive effects in rearing efficiency when used as larval probiotics. In this study, biomass production was carried out in bench-scale bioreactors to elucidate the biokinetic properties of Enterobacter sp. AA26 and its nutritional value. Results Strain AA26 is a psychrotolerant, halotolerant, facultatively anaerobic bacterium with broad pH range for growth (pH 4 to 10.2), which possessed the typical biochemical profile of Enterobacter spp. The specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) was calculated as 63.2 ± 1.26 and 121 ± 1.73 mg O2 g− 1 VSS h− 1, with the yield coefficients in acetate and glucose being equal to 0.62 ± 0.03 and 0.67 ± 0.003 g biomass produced/g substrate consumed, respectively. The maximum specific growth rate (μmax) of strain AA26 grown in fill-and-draw bioreactors at 20 °C and 35 °C was 0.035 and 0.069 h− 1, respectively. Strain AA26 grew effectively in agro-industrial wastewaters, i.e. cheese whey wastewater (CWW), as alternative substrate for replacing yeast-based media. Biomass of strain AA26 could provide all the essential amino acids and vitamins for the artificial rearing of C. capitata. Greater intracellular α- and β-glucosidase activities were observed during growth of strain AA26 in CWW than in yeast-based substrate, although the opposite pattern was observed for the respective extracellular activities (p < 0.01). Low protease activity was exhibited in cells grown in yeast-based medium, while no lipase activities were detected. Conclusions The ability of strain AA26 to grow in agro-industrial wastes and to provide all the essential nutrients can minimize the cost of commercial media used for mass rearing and large scale sterile insect technique applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Azis
- Laboratory of Wastewater Management and Treatment Technologies, Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Vas. Sofias 12, 67100, Xanthi, Greece
| | - Ioanna Zerva
- Laboratory of Wastewater Management and Treatment Technologies, Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Vas. Sofias 12, 67100, Xanthi, Greece
| | - Paraschos Melidis
- Laboratory of Wastewater Management and Treatment Technologies, Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Vas. Sofias 12, 67100, Xanthi, Greece
| | - Carlos Caceres
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, A-1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Spyridon Ntougias
- Laboratory of Wastewater Management and Treatment Technologies, Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Vas. Sofias 12, 67100, Xanthi, Greece.
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17
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Govarthanan M, Kamala-Kannan S, Selvankumar T, Mythili R, Srinivasan P, Kim H. Effect of blue light on growth and exopolysaccharides production in phototrophic Rhodobacter sp. BT18 isolated from brackish water. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 131:74-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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18
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Gouveia JG, Silva ALDS, Santos ECLD, Martins ES, López AMQ. OPTIMIZATION OF BIOFLOCCULANT PRODUCTION BY Bacillus spp. FROM SUGARCANE CROP SOIL OR FROM SLUDGE OF THE AGROINDUSTRIAL EFFLUENT. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-6632.20190362s20180360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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20
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Evaluation of the potential application of cactus (Opuntia ficus-indica) as a bio-coagulant for pre-treatment of oil sands process-affected water. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Oke EO, Araromi DO, Jimoda LA, Adetayo Adeniran J. Kinetics and neuro-fuzzy soft computing modelling of river turbid water coag-flocculation using mango (Mangifera indica) kernel coagulant. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2018.1483351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Olusola Oke
- Water Treatment Process System Engineering Research Unit, Chemical Engineering Department, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria
| | - Dauda Olurotimi Araromi
- Chemical Engineering Department, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
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Niknezhad SV, Morowvat MH, Najafpour Darzi G, Iraji A, Ghasemi Y. Exopolysaccharide from Pantoea sp. BCCS 001 GH isolated from nectarine fruit: production in submerged culture and preliminary physicochemical characterizations. Food Sci Biotechnol 2018; 27:1735-1746. [PMID: 30483438 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-018-0409-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Exopolysaccharide (EPS), as potential microbial base polysaccharide source, has plenty of applications due to its unique physicochemical structure. A Pantoea sp. BCCS 001 GH bacterium with the ability to produce a high amount of EPS was identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and biochemical tests. The synthesis of EPS by Pantoea sp. BCCS 001 GH was 13.50 g/L in 48 h when sucrose was used as substrate. The proposed protocol was desirably rapid for massive prodcution of EPS and showed the remarkable impact of sucrose and disodium hydrogen phosphate, peptone, Triton x-100 and 2% (v/v) inoculum size on the yields of EPS production. The EPS was mainly composed of glucose and galactose in a relative molar ration (glucose/galactose) of 85.18:14.82, respectively. The preliminary characterization showed the average molecular-weight of EPS is about 2.522 × 106 Da. The microscopics morphology of polymer was formed irregularly shaped structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Vahid Niknezhad
- 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran.,2Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Morowvat
- 2Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran.,3Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ghasem Najafpour Darzi
- 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
| | - Aida Iraji
- 4Central Research Laboratory, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Younes Ghasemi
- 2Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran.,3Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 71345-1583, Shiraz, Iran
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Chouchane H, Mahjoubi M, Ettoumi B, Neifar M, Cherif A. A novel thermally stable heteropolysaccharide-based bioflocculant from hydrocarbonoclastic strain Kocuria rosea BU22S and its application in dye removal. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2018; 39:859-872. [PMID: 28357896 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2017.1313886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A new bioflocculant named pKr produced by hydrocarbonoclastic strain Kocuria rosea BU22S (KC152976) was investigated. Gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) analysis confirmed the high potential of the strain BU22S in the degradation of n-alkanes. Plackett-Burman experimental design and response surface methodology were carried out to optimize pKr production. Glucose, peptone and incubation time were found to be the most significant factors affecting bioflocculant production. Maximum pKr production was about 4.72 ± 0.02 g/L achieved with 15.61 g/L glucose, 6.45 g/L peptone and 3 days incubation time. Chemical analysis of pKr indicated that it contained 71.62% polysaccharides, 16.36% uronic acid and 2.83% proteins. Thin layer chromatography analysis showed that polysaccharides fraction consisted of galactose and xylose. Fourier transform infrared analysis revealed the presence of many functional groups, hydroxyl, carboxyl, methoxyl, acetyl and amide that likely contribute to flocculation. K. rosea pKr showed high flocculant potential using kaolin clay at different pH (2-11), temperature (0-100°C) and cation concentrations. The bioflocculant was particularly effective in flocculating soluble anionic dyes, Reactive Blue 4 and Acid Yellow, with a decolorization efficiency of 76.4% and 72.6%, respectively. The outstanding flocculating performances suggest that pKr could be useful for bioremediation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Chouchane
- a Univ. Manouba , ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020 , Ariana , Tunisia
| | - Mouna Mahjoubi
- a Univ. Manouba , ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020 , Ariana , Tunisia
- b Faculty of Science of Bizerte , University of Carthage , Bizerte , Tunisia
| | - Besma Ettoumi
- c Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS) , University of Milan , Milan , Italy
| | - Mohamed Neifar
- a Univ. Manouba , ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020 , Ariana , Tunisia
| | - Ameur Cherif
- a Univ. Manouba , ISBST, BVBGR-LR11ES31, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020 , Ariana , Tunisia
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25
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Agunbiade MO, Van Heerden E, Pohl CH, Ashafa AT. Flocculating performance of a bioflocculant produced by Arthrobacter humicola in sewage waste water treatment. BMC Biotechnol 2017; 17:51. [PMID: 28606076 PMCID: PMC5469021 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-017-0375-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The discharge of poorly treated effluents into the environment has far reaching, consequential impacts on human and aquatic life forms. Thus, we evaluated the flocculating efficiency of our test bioflocculant and we report for the first time the ability of the biopolymeric flocculant produced by Arthrobacter humicola in the treatment of sewage wastewater. This strain was isolated from sediment soil sample at Sterkfontein dam in the Eastern Free State province of South Africa. Results Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) analysis of the nucleotide sequence of the 16S rDNA revealed the bacteria to have 99% similarity to Arthrobacter humicola strain R1 and the sequence was deposited in the Gene bank as Arthrobacter humicola with accession number KC816574.1. Flocculating activity was enhanced with the aid of divalent cations, pH 12, at a dosage concentration of 0.8 mg/mL. The purified bioflocculant was heat stable and could retain more than 78% of its flocculating activity after heating at 100 °C for 25 min. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy analysis demonstrated the presence of hydroxyl and carboxyl moieties as the functional groups. The thermogravimetric analysis was used to monitor the pyrolysis profile of the purified bioflocculant and elemental composition revealed C: O: Na: P: K with 13.90: 41.96: 26.79: 16.61: 0.74 weight percentage respectively. The purified bioflocculant was able to remove chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand, suspended solids, nitrate and turbidity from sewage waste water at efficiencies of 65.7%, 63.5%, 55.7%, 71.4% and 81.3% respectively. Conclusions The results of this study indicate the possibility of using the bioflocculant produced by Arthrobacter humicola as a potential alternative to synthesized chemical flocculants in sewage waste water treatment and other industrial waste water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayowa Oladele Agunbiade
- Phytomedicine and Phytopharmacology Research Group, Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, Qwaqwa Campus, P. Bag X13, Phuthaditjabha, 9866, South Africa. .,Department of Microbial, Biochemical & Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Nelson Mandela Drive, Bloemfontein, 9301, South Africa.
| | - Esta Van Heerden
- Department of Microbial, Biochemical & Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Nelson Mandela Drive, Bloemfontein, 9301, South Africa
| | - Carolina H Pohl
- Department of Microbial, Biochemical & Food Biotechnology, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Nelson Mandela Drive, Bloemfontein, 9301, South Africa
| | - Anofi Tom Ashafa
- Phytomedicine and Phytopharmacology Research Group, Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, Qwaqwa Campus, P. Bag X13, Phuthaditjabha, 9866, South Africa
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Ntsangani N, Okaiyeto K, Uchechukwu NU, Olaniran AO, Mabinya LV, Okoh AI. Bioflocculation potentials of a uronic acid-containing glycoprotein produced by Bacillus sp. AEMREG4 isolated from Tyhume River, South Africa. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:78. [PMID: 28500400 PMCID: PMC5429313 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-0695-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioflocculants are secondary metabolites produced by microorganisms during their growth which have received attentions due to their biodegradability, innocuousness and lack of secondary pollution from degradation intermediates. This study reports on a bioflocculant produced by Bacillus specie isolated from Thyume River in South Africa. The bacterial isolate was identified through 16S rDNA sequencing and the BLAST analysis of the nucleotide sequences revealed 99% similarity to Bacillus sp. BCT-7112. The sequence was subsequently deposited in the GenBank as Bacillus sp. AEMREG4 with accession number KP406729. The optimum culture conditions for bioflocculant production were an inoculum size 4% (v/v) (80%) and starch (81%) as well as yeast extract (82%) as sole carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. Addition of Ca2+ greatly enhanced the flocculating activity (76%) of crude bioflocculant over a wide range of pH 4–10 and retained high flocculating activity when heated at 100 °C for 1 h. Chemical analyses of the purified bioflocculant revealed carbohydrate (79% w/w) as a predominant component followed by uronic acid (15% w/w) and protein (5% w/w). Fourier transform infrared spectrum revealed the presence of carboxyl, hydroxyl and methoxyl groups as the functional groups responsible for flocculation and the high flocculation activity achieved portends its industrial applicability.
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Muthulakshmi L, Nellaiah H, Kathiresan T, Rajini N, Christopher F. Identification and production of bioflocculants by Enterobacter sp. and Bacillus sp. and their characterization studies. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 47:458-467. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2017.1292287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Muthulakshmi
- Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam University, Virudhunagar, Tamilnadu, India
| | - H. Nellaiah
- Research and Development Department, Bangalore Biotech Labs (BiOZEEN), Bangalore, India
| | - T. Kathiresan
- Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam University, Virudhunagar, Tamilnadu, India
| | - N. Rajini
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kalasalingam University, Virudhunagar, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Fenila Christopher
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of West Hungary, Szombathely, Hungary
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A novel Fe(III) dependent bioflocculant from Klebsiella oxytoca GS-4-08: culture conditions optimization and flocculation mechanism. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34980. [PMID: 27713559 PMCID: PMC5054519 DOI: 10.1038/srep34980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the effect of cultivation factors on the flocculation efficiency (FE) of bioflocculant P-GS408 from Klebsiella oxytoca was optimized by the response surface methodology. The most significant factor, i.e. culture time, was determined by gray relational analysis. A total of 240 mg of purified P-GS408 was prepared from 1 liter of culture solution under the optimal conditions. GC-MS analysis results indicated that the polysaccharide of P-GS408 mainly contains Rhamnose and Galactose, and the existence of abundant hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino groups was evidenced by FTIR and XPS analyses. With the aid of Fe3+, the FE of kaolin solution by P-GS408 could achieve 99.48% in ten minutes. Functional groups of polysaccharide were involved in the first adsorption step and the zeta potential of kaolin solution changed from -39.0 mV to 43.4 mV in the presence of Fe3+ and P-GS408. Three-dimensional excitation-emission (EEM) fluorescence spectra demonstrates that the trivalent Fe3+ and Al3+ can bind efficiently with P-GS408, while those univalent and divalent cations cannot. With the help of SEM images, FTIR, zeta potential and EEM spectra, we proposed the P-GS408 flocculation mechanism, which consists of coordination bond combination, charge neutrality, adsorption and bridging, and net catching.
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29
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Okaiyeto K, Nwodo UU, Okoli SA, Mabinya LV, Okoh AI. Implications for public health demands alternatives to inorganic and synthetic flocculants: bioflocculants as important candidates. Microbiologyopen 2016; 5:177-211. [PMID: 26914994 PMCID: PMC4831466 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical flocculants are generally used in drinking water and wastewater treatment due to their efficacy and cost effectiveness. However, the question of their toxicity to human health and environmental pollution has been a major concern. In this article, we review the application of some chemical flocculants utilized in water treatment, and bioflocculants as a potential alternative to these chemical flocculants. To the best of our knowledge, there is no report in the literature that provides an up‐to‐date review of the relevant literature on both chemical flocculants and bioflocculants in one paper. As a result, this review paper comprehensively discussed the various chemical flocculants used in water treatment, including their advantages and disadvantages. It also gave insights into bioflocculants production, challenges, various factors influencing their flocculating efficiency and their industrial applications, as well as future research directions including improvement of bioflocculants yields and flocculating activity, and production of cation‐independent bioflocculants. The molecular biology and synthesis of bioflocculants are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunle Okaiyeto
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa.,Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
| | - Uchechukwu U Nwodo
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa.,Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
| | - Stanley A Okoli
- GenØK - Centre for Biosafety, Science Park, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, 9291, Norway
| | - Leonard V Mabinya
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa.,Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
| | - Anthony I Okoh
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa.,Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
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Khani M, Bahrami A, Ghafari MD. Optimization of operating parameters for anti-corrosive biopolymer production by Chryseobacterium Indologenes MUT.2 using central composite design methodology. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2015.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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Sun P, Hui C, Bai N, Yang S, Wan L, Zhang Q, Zhao Y. Revealing the characteristics of a novel bioflocculant and its flocculation performance in Microcystis aeruginosa removal. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17465. [PMID: 26626432 PMCID: PMC4667227 DOI: 10.1038/srep17465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present work, a novel bioflocculant, EPS-1, was prepared and used to flocculate the kaolin suspension and Microcystis aeruginosa. We focused on the characteristics and flocculation performance of EPS-1, especially with regard to its protein components. An important attribute of EPS-1 was its protein content, with 18 protein types identified that occupied a total content of 31.70% in the EPS-1. Moreover, the flocculating activity of these protein components was estimated to be no less than 33.93%. Additionally, polysaccharides that occupied 57.12% of the total EPS-1 content consisted of four monosaccharides: maltose, D-xylose, mannose, and D-fructose. In addition, carbonyl, amino, and hydroxyl groups were identified as the main functional groups. Three main elements, namely C1s, N1s, and O1s, were present in EPS-1 with relative atomic percentages of 62.63%, 24.91%, and 10.5%, respectively. Zeta potential analysis indicated that charge neutralization contributed to kaolin flocculation, but was not involved in M. aeruginosa flocculation. The flocculation conditions of EPS-1 were optimized, and the maximum flocculating efficiencies were 93.34% within 2 min for kaolin suspension and 87.98% within 10 min for M. aeruginosa. These results suggest that EPS-1 could be an alternative to chemical flocculants for treating wastewaters and cyanobacterium-polluted freshwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Cai Hui
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Naling Bai
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Shengmao Yang
- Institute of Environment Resource and Soil Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Science, 310021 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Wan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, 37235-1604, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Qichun Zhang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - YuHua Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
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32
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Karthiga devi K, Natarajan K. Production and characterization of bioflocculants for mineral processing applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.minpro.2015.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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33
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Wang Z, Shen L, Zhuang X, Shi J, Wang Y, He N, Chang YI. Flocculation Characterization of a Bioflocculant from Bacillus licheniformis. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/ie5050204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Wang
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Shen
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Zhuang
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiangshui Shi
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanpeng Wang
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning He
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People’s Republic of China
| | - You-Im Chang
- Department
of Chemical and Material Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung 40704, Taiwan
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Sun PF, Lin H, Wang G, Lu LL, Zhao YH. Preparation of a new-style composite containing a key bioflocculant produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa ZJU1 and its flocculating effect on harmful algal blooms. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 284:215-21. [PMID: 25463236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A novel composite consisting of clay, bioflocculant, and inorganic flocculant was designed, and its flocculating effect on harmful algal blooms (HABs) was studied in this study. The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), produced with a yield of 3.58±0.11 g/L by a newly isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa ZJU1, was indicated to be a key component in the composite. The components and functional groups of the EPS were analyzed, and it showed that polysaccharides, proteins, and nucleic acids are the main components; polar functional groups in the EPS are responsible for its flocculating activity. The novel composite was optimized by the response surface methodology and after optimization, the optical components and contents of the composite were Kaolin 2.38 g/L, CaCl2 0.28 g/L, KAl(SO4)2 0.09 g/L, and EPS 1.75 mg/L. The flocculating rates of the composite were tested, and it could rapidly reach 100±0.13% within 2 min when OD680 of Microcystis aeruginosa was 0.1; it could reach 100±0.08% within 5 min for OD680 of M. aeruginosa in HABs up to 1.0. These results suggest that the novel composite will be a highly efficient material for the treatment of HABs caused by M. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Hui Lin
- Institute of Environment Resource and Soil Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agriculture Science, Hangzhou 310021, PR China
| | - Guan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Li-Ling Lu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yu-Hua Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China.
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35
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Characterization of haloglycan, an exopolysaccharide produced by Halomonas stenophila HK30. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 72:117-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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36
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Tang W, Song L, Li D, Qiao J, Zhao T, Zhao H. Production, characterization, and flocculation mechanism of cation independent, pH tolerant, and thermally stable bioflocculant from Enterobacter sp. ETH-2. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114591. [PMID: 25485629 PMCID: PMC4259340 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic high polymer flocculants, frequently utilized for flocculating efficiency and low cost, recently have been discovered as producing increased risk to human health and the environment. Development of a more efficient and environmentally sound alternative flocculant agent is investigated in this paper. Bioflocculants are produced by microorganisms and may exhibit a high rate of flocculation activity. The bioflocculant ETH-2, with high flocculating activity (2849 mg Kaolin particle/mg ETH-2), produced by strain Enterobacter sp. isolated from activated sludge, was systematically investigated with regard to its production, characterization, and flocculation mechanism. Analyses of microscopic observation, zeta potential and ETH-2 structure demonstrates the bridging mechanism, as opposed to charge neutralization, was responsible for flocculation of the ETH-2. ETH-2 retains high molecular weight (603 to 1820 kDa) and multi-functional groups (hydroxyl, amide and carboxyl) that contributed to flocculation. Polysaccharides mainly composed of mannose, glucose, and galactose, with a molar ratio of 1∶2.9∶9.8 were identified as the active constituents in bioflocculant. The structure of the long backbone with active sites of polysaccharides was determined as a primary basis for the high flocculation activity. Bioflocculant ETH-2 is cation independent, pH tolerant, and thermally stable, suggesting a potential fit for industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tang
- Research Center of Environmental Microbiology and Ecology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Liyan Song
- Research Center of Environmental Microbiology and Ecology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chongqing, 400714, China
- Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Dou Li
- Research Center of Environmental Microbiology and Ecology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chongqing, 400714, China
- Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Jing Qiao
- Research Center of Environmental Microbiology and Ecology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Tiantao Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing, 400054, China
| | - Heping Zhao
- Ministry of Education, Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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37
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Yin YJ, Tian ZM, Tang W, Li L, Song LY, McElmurry SP. Production and characterization of high efficiency bioflocculant isolated from Klebsiella sp. ZZ-3. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 171:336-342. [PMID: 25218206 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.08.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a new bioflocculant (ZZ-3) is isolated and evaluated. This novel flocculant was derived Klebsiella, which was identified by 16S rDNA sequencing as well as biochemical and physiological analyses. The composition of ZZ-3 was found to be 84.6% polysaccharides and 6.1% protein. More specifically, the amount (moles) of the polysaccharides rhamnose, mannose, and galactose were found to be 6.48, 2.47, and 1.74 greater than glucose, respectively. Results show ZZ-3 has a relatively high molecular weight (603-1820 kDa) and contains many functional groups (hydroxyl, amide, carboxyl, and methoxyl) that likely contribute to flocculation. The results of microscopic observation, zeta potential measurements, and ZZ-3 bioflocculant structure suggested that bridging was the main mechanism for flocculation with kaolin. Based on a high flocculation efficiency, thermal stability, pH tolerance and the ability to flocculate without additional cations, ZZ-3 shows potential for industrial application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jie Yin
- Environmental Microbiology and Ecology Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, PR China
| | - Zun-Ming Tian
- Shanghai Information Center for Life Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, PR China
| | - Wei Tang
- Environmental Microbiology and Ecology Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, PR China
| | - Lei Li
- Environmental Microbiology and Ecology Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, PR China
| | - Li-Yan Song
- Environmental Microbiology and Ecology Research Center, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, PR China; Key Laboratory of Reservoir Aquatic Environment, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, PR China.
| | - Shawn P McElmurry
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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38
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Okaiyeto K, Nwodo UU, Mabinya LV, Okoh AI. Evaluation of the flocculation potential and characterization of bioflocculant produced by Micrococcus sp. Leo. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s000368381406012x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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39
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Bioflocculant production by a consortium of Streptomyces and Cellulomonas species and media optimization via surface response model. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 116:257-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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40
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Wang L, Lee DJ, Ma F, Wang A, Ren N. Bioflocculants from isolated strain or mixed culture: Role of phosphate salts and Ca2+ ions. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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41
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Prasanna P, Grandison A, Charalampopoulos D. Bifidobacteria in milk products: An overview of physiological and biochemical properties, exopolysaccharide production, selection criteria of milk products and health benefits. Food Res Int 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2013.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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42
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Feng J, Yang Z, Zeng G, Huang J, Xu H, Zhang Y, Wei S, Wang L. The adsorption behavior and mechanism investigation of Pb(II) removal by flocculation using microbial flocculant GA1. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 148:414-421. [PMID: 24077150 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this work, microbial flocculant GA1 (MBFGA1) was used to remove Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution. A series of experimental parameters including initial pH, MBFGA1 dose, temperature and initial calcium ions concentration on Pb(II) uptake was evaluated. Meanwhile, the flocculation mechanism of MBFGA1 was investigated. The removal efficiency of Pb(II) reached up to 99.85% when MBFGA1 was added in two stages, separately. The results indicated that Pb(II) adsorption could be described by the Langmuir adsorption model, and being the monolayer capacity negatively affected with an increase in temperature. The adsorption process could be described by pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Fourier transform-infrared spectra and environmental scanning electron microscope analysis indicated that MBFGA1 had a large number of functional groups, which had strong capacity for removing Pb(II). The main mechanisms of Pb(II) removal by MBFGA1 could be charge neutralization and adsorption bridging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Feng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
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43
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Okaiyeto K, Nwodo UU, Mabinya LV, Okoh AI. Characterization of a bioflocculant produced by a consortium of Halomonas sp. Okoh and Micrococcus sp. Leo. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2013; 10:5097-110. [PMID: 24135818 PMCID: PMC3823338 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph10105097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The physicochemical and flocculating properties of a bioflocculant produced by a bacterial consortium composed of Halomonas sp. Okoh and Micrococcus sp. Leo were investigated. The purified bioflocculant was cation and pH dependent, and optimally flocculated kaolin clay suspension at a dosage of 0.1 mg/mL. The flocculating activity of the bioflocculant was stimulated in the presence of Ca2+, Mn2+, Al3+ and had a wide pH range of 2–10, with the highest flocculating activity of 86% at pH 8. The bioflocculant was thermostable and retained more than 70% of its flocculating activity after being heated at 80 °C for 30 min. Thermogravimetric analyses revealed a partial thermal decomposition of the biofloculant at 400 °C. The infrared spectrum showed the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino moieties as functional groups. The bioflocculant produced by the bacterial consortium appears to hold promising alternative to inorganic and synthetic organic flocculants that are widely used in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunle Okaiyeto
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa.
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44
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Cosa S, Ugbenyen AM, Mabinya LV, Rumbold K, Okoh AI. Characterization and flocculation efficiency of a bioflocculant produced by a marine Halobacillus. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2013; 34:2671-2679. [PMID: 24527629 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2013.786104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We reported earlier on the bioflocculant production potential of Halobacillus sp. Mvuyo, a marine bacteria isolated from Algoa Bay sediment samples. In this paper we report on the detailed characterization of the purified bioflocculant composed of polysaccharide and protein. The optimum dose of the purified bioflocculant for the clarification of 4 g l(-1) kaolin clay suspension was 0.2 mg ml(-1) at neutral pH. Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) revealed the bioflocculant to have an amorphous structure. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum exhibited the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino groups in its structure. The bioflocculant was thermostable with relative bioflocculant activity residue of 74.4% after heat treatment at 100 degrees C. Moreover thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) exhibited a degradation temperature (Td) of - 140 degrees C. The flocculation efficiency of the bioflocculant was 86.2% compared with 82.6%, 74.5% and 70.9% for polyethylimine, ferric chloride and alum, respectively. This bioflocculant has immense promise as a substitute to inorganic and synthetic flocculants in view of their hazard implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sekelwa Cosa
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
| | - Anthony M Ugbenyen
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
| | - Leonard V Mabinya
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
| | - Karl Rumbold
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Anthony I Okoh
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
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45
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Zhao H, Liu H, Zhou J. Characterization of a bioflocculant MBF-5 by Klebsiella pneumoniae and its application in Acanthamoeba cysts removal. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 137:226-32. [PMID: 23587824 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.03.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 03/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the potential of an extracellular, novel biopolymeric flocculant produced by a strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from a sputum sample for removal of Acanthamoeba cysts, a potent pathogen prevalent in water, soil, air, and dust. The presence of cations did not enhance flocculating activity. The component of MBF-5 was mainly polysaccharide and protein with proportional of 96.8% and 2.1% respectively. Infrared spectrum analysis showed the presence of carboxyl and hydroxyl groups in MBF-5. MBF-5 is nontoxic and can be used for removal of amoebae cysts from water. Conditions for flocculation of kaolin suspension and Acanthamoeba cysts were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) and determined to be 54.38 mg/L dosage, 26.14°C and pH 3.32 and 129.73 mg/L dosage, 30.75°C and pH 4.36, respectively. The results of this study indicates a possible use of the K. pneumoniae biopolymer as an alternative to typically used chemical flocculants for removal of amoebae cysts from water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijuan Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430073, China
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46
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Distribution of chitin/chitosan-like bioflocculant-producing potential in the genus Citrobacter. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 97:9569-77. [PMID: 23321910 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4668-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Some strains belonging to the genera Citrobacter and Enterobacter have been reported to produce chitin/chitosan-like bioflocculants (BFs) from acetate. In this study, to investigate the distribution of the BF-producing potential in the genus Citrobacter and to screen stably and highly BF-producing strains, we obtained 36 Citrobacter strains from different culture collection centers, which were distributed among seven species in the genus, and tested for the flocculating activities of their culture supernatants using a kaolin suspension method. As a result, 21 strains belonging to C. freundii (17 strains in 23 strains tested), C. braakii (two in two), C. youngae (one in one), and C. werkmanii (one in two) showed flocculating activity, but this ability was limited to cells grown on acetate. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis of the hydrolysates from the BFs of five selected strains indicated that they consisted of glucosamine and/or N-acetylglucosamine, such as the chitin/chitosan-like BF (BF04) produced by Citrobacter sp. TKF04 (Fujita et al. J Biosci Bioeng 89: 40-46, 2000). Gel filtration chromatography using a high-performance liquid chromatography system revealed that the molecular weight ranges of these BFs varied, but the average sizes were all above 1.66 × 10⁶Da.
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47
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Flocculating Property of Extracellular Polymeric Substances Produced by a Biofilm-Forming Bacterium Acinetobacter junii BB1A. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 168:1621-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-9883-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2012] [Accepted: 08/28/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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48
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Torres CAV, Antunes S, Ricardo AR, Grandfils C, Alves VD, Freitas F, Reis MAM. Study of the interactive effect of temperature and pH on exopolysaccharide production by Enterobacter A47 using multivariate statistical analysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 119:148-156. [PMID: 22728195 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.05.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Revised: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Enterobacter A47 synthesizes fucose-containing exopolysaccharides (EPS). Maximum EPS production (>7.00 g L(-1)) was obtained for temperature and pH within 25-35°C and 6.0-8.0, respectively. Under these conditions, the polymers contained over 30% fucose. Glucose, galactose, and glucuronic acid contents were about 28%, 25%, and 10%, respectively, and the total acyl groups content was about 20 wt.%. The average molecular weight (Mw) was around 4.0 × 10(6). Outside the optimal temperature and pH ranges, fucose, galactose and glucuronic acid, and the total acyl group contents were reduced, while the glucose content increased, new monomers (rhamnose and glucosamine) were detected, and the Mw increased to ≥ 1.10 × 10(7). This study revealed the ability of Enterobacter A47 to synthesize different heteropolysaccharides as a function of pH and temperature, a feature that can be exploited to obtain tailored polymer composition. Moreover, the production of high fucose content EPS was stable for wide pH and temperature ranges, which is important for the envisaged industrial development of the bioprocess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana A V Torres
- REQUIMTE/CQFB, Chemistry Department, FCT/Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
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49
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Elkady MF, Farag S, Zaki S, Abu-Elreesh G, Abd-El-Haleem D. Bacillus mojavensis strain 32A, a bioflocculant-producing bacterium isolated from an Egyptian salt production pond. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:8143-8151. [PMID: 21689928 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.05.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2011] [Revised: 05/25/2011] [Accepted: 05/30/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus mojavensis strain 32A that exhibited 96.11% flocculation efficiency for clay suspensions was selected from other 15 comparative strains. Under growth condition, strain 32A was able to produce 5.2g/L of purified biopolymer. Its constituent was mainly polysaccharide and protein with proportional of 98.4-1.6% respectively. FTIR spectrum was confirming its chemical analysis. This biopolymer attain very fast sedimentation rate. The cost-effective biopolymer and CaCl(2) dosages were 3mg/L and 5 ml/L respectively that posed 89.7% flocculation efficiency. These dosages were suitable only for clay concentrations ≤5g/L. The maximum flocculation efficiency of the biopolymer recorded at pH 1.0 of clay suspension. The too high (>75°C) or too low (<25°C) clay suspension temperature was unfavorable for the biopolymer flocculation performance. The biopolymer solution utilized high thermal stability over the temperature range of 5-60°C. Furthermore, its pH stability recorded at pH range of 5-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Elkady
- Advanced Technology and New Materials and Research Institute (ATNMRI), Fabrication Technology Department, City for Scientific Research and Technology Applications, Alexandria, Egypt
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Su X, Shen X, Ding L, Yokota A. Study on the flocculability of the Arthrobacter sp., an actinomycete resuscitated from the VBNC state. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 28:91-7. [PMID: 22806783 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-011-0795-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2011] [Accepted: 05/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A bioflocculant with high flocculating activity, LC13-SF, produced by strain LC13(T) which was in a viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state, and which was woken up by Rpf (resuscitation promoting factor), was systematically investigated with regard to its fermentation conditions and flocculating activity. The key parameters influencing the bioflocculant LC13-SF were investigated through measuring the optical density at 660 (OD(660)) of the fermentation liquid and the optical density at 550 (OD(550)) of the centrifugal supernatant. The flocculating efficiency and the Zeta potentials were chosen as the response variables for the study of the flocculating activity. The results showed that the optimal conditions for bioflocculant LC13-SF production were a fermentation time of 72 h, an initial pH of 7.0, a fermentation temperature of 30°C and a shaking speed of 150 r/min. The optimized flocculating process was as follows: a final volume percentage of bioflocculant LC13-SF and 0.5% (w/w) CaCl(2) were 1.5 and 5%, respectively in a 4 g/L Kaolin suspension, and the system pH was adjusted to 8.0. Under these conditions, the flocculating efficiency and the absolute value of the Zeta potential reached 94.83% and 4.37, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Su
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, People's Republic of China
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