1
|
Liu D, Hou T, Geng C, Song L, Hou X, Chen Y, Wang F, Wang W, Han B, Gao L. Liposomes Enhance the Immunological Activity of Polygonatum Cyrtonema Hua Polysaccharides. J Pharm Sci 2024; 113:1572-1579. [PMID: 38237668 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Poor stability and difficult uptake of natural polysaccharides have been the main problems in their application. The purpose of this study was to optimize the preparation conditions of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua polysaccharides liposomes (PCPL) and to investigate the immune enhancement activity of PCPL in vitro and in vivo, with a view to discovering new ways of natural polysaccharide application. The optimal preparation conditions of PCPL were as follows: the adding amount of Tween 80 of 0.5 %, the ultrasound time of 2 min and the ultrasound times of once. Under these conditions, the entrapment efficiency, drug loading rate and particle size of PCPL were 38.033 %±0.050, 2.172 %±0.003 and 146 nm, which indicated that PCPL with small particle size could be prepared by the reverse-phase evaporation method. Furthermore, PCPL promoted proliferation, phagocytosis, and secretion of nitric oxide and related cytokines in RAW264.7 cells. Moreover, PCPL improved spleen and thymus indices, increased the number or proportion of red blood cells, platelets, and lymphocytes in the blood, and ameliorated spleen and thymus atrophy in immunosuppressed mice. This study provides a new idea for applying Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua polysaccharides (PCP) and references for studying other polysaccharides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Liu
- Generic Technology Research center for Anhui Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, China; Anhui Dabie Mountain Chinese Academy of Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an, 237012, Anhui, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, China
| | - Tingting Hou
- Generic Technology Research center for Anhui Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, China; Anhui Dabie Mountain Chinese Academy of Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an, 237012, Anhui, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, China
| | - Chunye Geng
- Generic Technology Research center for Anhui Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, China; Anhui Dabie Mountain Chinese Academy of Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an, 237012, Anhui, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, China
| | - Lu Song
- Generic Technology Research center for Anhui Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, China; Anhui Dabie Mountain Chinese Academy of Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an, 237012, Anhui, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, China
| | - Xuefeng Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Yanjun Chen
- Generic Technology Research center for Anhui Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, China; Anhui Dabie Mountain Chinese Academy of Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an, 237012, Anhui, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Generic Technology Research center for Anhui Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, China; Anhui Dabie Mountain Chinese Academy of Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an, 237012, Anhui, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Generic Technology Research center for Anhui Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, China; Anhui Dabie Mountain Chinese Academy of Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an, 237012, Anhui, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, China
| | - Bangxing Han
- Generic Technology Research center for Anhui Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, China; Anhui Dabie Mountain Chinese Academy of Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an, 237012, Anhui, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, China
| | - Leilei Gao
- Generic Technology Research center for Anhui Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, China; Anhui Dabie Mountain Chinese Academy of Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an, 237012, Anhui, China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang W, Zhao B, Zhang Z, Kikuchi T, Li W, Jantrawut P, Feng F, Liu F, Zhang J. Natural polysaccharides and their derivatives targeting the tumor microenvironment: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131789. [PMID: 38677708 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Polysaccharides have gained attention as valuable supplements and natural medicinal resources, particularly for their anti-tumor properties. Their low toxicity and potent anti-tumor effects make them promising candidates for cancer prevention and treatment. The tumor microenvironment is crucial in tumor development and offers potential avenues for novel cancer therapies. Research indicates that polysaccharides can positively influence the tumor microenvironment. However, the structural complexity of most anti-tumor polysaccharides, often heteropolysaccharides, poses challenges for structural analysis. To enhance their pharmacological activity, researchers have modified the structure and properties of natural polysaccharides based on structure-activity relationships, and they have discovered that many polysaccharides exhibit significantly enhanced anti-tumor activity after chemical modification. This article reviews recent strategies for targeting the tumor microenvironment with polysaccharides and briefly discusses the structure-activity relationships of anti-tumor polysaccharides. It also summarises the main chemical modification methods of polysaccharides and discusses the impact of chemical modifications on the anti-tumor activity of polysaccharides. The review aims to lay a theoretical foundation for the development of anti-tumor polysaccharides and their derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhongtao Zhang
- Tumor Precise Intervention and Translational Medicine Laboratory, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian 271000, China; Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Anti-drug Resistant Drug Research, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian 271000, China
| | - Takashi Kikuchi
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Wei Li
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Pensak Jantrawut
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Feng Feng
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - FuLei Liu
- Tumor Precise Intervention and Translational Medicine Laboratory, The Affiliated Taian City Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Taian 271000, China; Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Anti-drug Resistant Drug Research, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian 271000, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mariod AA, Jabbar AA, Alamri ZZ, Salim Al Rashdi A, Abdulla MA. Gastroprotective effects of Polygonatum odoratum in rodents by regulation of apoptotic proteins and inflammatory cytokines. Saudi J Biol Sci 2023; 30:103678. [PMID: 37266408 PMCID: PMC10230262 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In an increasing interest in natural antiulcer compounds that may have gastric healing effects and possibly prevent ulcer recurrence, Polygonatum odoratum appears as a strong candidate. The gastroprotective potentials of P. odoratum rhizome extract (PORE) were explored on ethanol-induced gastric ulceration in rats. Sprague Dawley rats were caged in 5 groups, normal and ulcer control rats received CMC (1% carboxymethyl cellulose). Omeprazole (20 mg/kg) was given to reference Rats. Experimental rats were treated with 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg PORE, respectively. After an hour, the normal control rats received 1% CMC, whereas rat groups 2-5 were given absolute ethanol by oral gavage. After 60 min, rats received anesthesia and were sacrificed. Dissected gastric tissue was analyzed by histopathological and immunohistochemical techniques. PORE treatment significantly lowered the ethanol-induced gastric injury, as shown by up-surging gastric pH and mucus content, reduced leukocyte infiltration, lower ulcerative areas in mucosal layers, and increased antioxidants (SOD and CAT) and (MDA) levels. Furthermore, PORE pre-treated rats showed significantly increased expression of the Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), HSP-70 protein, and decreased Bax protein in their gastric epithelial layers. PORE treatment showed an important regulation of inflammatory cytokines shown by decreasing the TNF-a, and IL-6 and increasing the IL-10 values. The detected biological activity of PORE is encouraging and presents the scientific evidence for its traditional use as a gastroprotection agent however further studies are required to determine the exact phytochemicals and mechanism pathway responsible for this bioactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdalbasit A. Mariod
- College of Science and Arts, Alkamil Branch, University of Jeddah, Alkamil 21931, Saudi Arabia
- Indigenous Knowledge and Heritage Centre, Ghibaish College of Science and Technology, 110 Ghibaish, Sudan
| | - Ahmed A.J. Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Zaenah Zuhair Alamri
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Baghel M, Sakure K, Giri TK, Maiti S, Nakhate KT, Ojha S, Sharma C, Agrawal Y, Goyal S, Badwaik H. Carboxymethylated Gums and Derivatization: Strategies and Significance in Drug Delivery and Tissue Engineering. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16050776. [PMID: 37242559 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural polysaccharides have been widely exploited in drug delivery and tissue engineering research. They exhibit excellent biocompatibility and fewer adverse effects; however, it is challenging to assess their bioactivities to that of manufactured synthetics because of their intrinsic physicochemical characteristics. Studies showed that the carboxymethylation of polysaccharides considerably increases the aqueous solubility and bioactivities of inherent polysaccharides and offers structural diversity, but it also has some limitations that can be resolved by derivatization or the grafting of carboxymethylated gums. The swelling ratio, flocculation capacity, viscosity, partition coefficient, metal absorption properties, and thermosensitivity of natural polysaccharides have been improved as a result of these changes. In order to create better and functionally enhanced polysaccharides, researchers have modified the structures and properties of carboxymethylated gums. This review summarizes the various ways of modifying carboxymethylated gums, explores the impact that molecular modifications have on their physicochemical characteristics and bioactivities, and sheds light on various applications for the derivatives of carboxymethylated polysaccharides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Baghel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shri Shankaracharya Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Junwani, Bhilai 490020, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Kalyani Sakure
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Kurud Road, Kohka, Bhilai 490024, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Tapan Kumar Giri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Sabyasachi Maiti
- Department of Pharmacy, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak 484887, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Kartik T Nakhate
- Department of Pharmacology, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule 424001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Charu Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yogeeta Agrawal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule 424001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sameer Goyal
- Department of Pharmacology, Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal's Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule 424001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Hemant Badwaik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Shri Shankaracharya Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Junwani, Bhilai 490020, Chhattisgarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Laffargue T, Moulis C, Remaud-Simeon M. Phosphorylated polysaccharides: Applications, natural abundance, and new-to-nature structures generated by chemical and enzymatic functionalization. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 65:108140. [PMID: 36958536 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are foreseen as serious candidates for the future generation of polymers, as they are biosourced and biodegradable materials. Their functionalisation is an attractive way to modify their properties, thereby increasing their range of applications. Introduction of phosphate groups in polysaccharide chains for the stimulation of the immune system was first described in the nineteen seventies. Since then, the use of phosphorylated polysaccharides has been proposed in various domains, such as healthcare, water treatment, cosmetic, biomaterials, etc. These alternative usages capitalize on newly acquired physico-chemical or biological properties, leading to materials as diverse as flame-resistant agents or drug delivery systems. Phosphorylated polysaccharides are found in Nature and need to be extracted to assess their biological potential. However, they are not abundant, often present complex backbones hard to characterize, and most of them have a low phosphate content. These drawbacks have pushed forward the development of chemical phosphorylation employing a wide variety of phosphorylating agents to obtain polysaccharides with a large range of phosphate content. Chemical phosphorylation requires the use of harsh conditions and toxic, petroleum-based solvents, which hinders their exploitation in the food and health industry. Over the last 20 years, although enzymes are regiospecific catalysts that work in aqueous and mild conditions, enzymatic phosphorylation has been little investigated. To date, only three families of enzymes have been used for the in vitro phosphorylation of polysaccharides. Considering the number of unresolved metabolic pathways leading to phosphorylated polysaccharides, the huge diversity of kinase sequences, and the recent progress in protein engineering one can envision native and engineered kinases as promising tools for polysaccharide phosphorylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thibaud Laffargue
- Biotechnology Institute (TBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, 135, Avenue de Rangueil, CEDEX 04, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Claire Moulis
- Biotechnology Institute (TBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, 135, Avenue de Rangueil, CEDEX 04, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Magali Remaud-Simeon
- Biotechnology Institute (TBI), Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INRAE, INSA, 135, Avenue de Rangueil, CEDEX 04, F-31077 Toulouse, France.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hu Y, Tang Y, Zhang Z, Guo X, Wu Z, Li Z, Yu H, Li W. Recent advances in polysaccharides from the genus Polygonatum: Isolation, structures, bioactivities, and application. Food Hydrocoll 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.108634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
|
7
|
Gong H, Gan X, Li Y, Chen J, Xu Y, Shi S, Li T, Li B, Wang H, Wang S. Review on the genus Polygonatum polysaccharides: Extraction, purification, structural characteristics and bioactivities. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 229:909-930. [PMID: 36608864 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The genus Polygonatum is gaining increasing attention from nutrition experts as well as health-conscious consumers because of its excellent performance in providing nutrients. Among these plants, Polygonatum sibiricum and Polygonatum odoratum have been selected for inclusion in China's Medicinal Food Directory due to their high safety profile. Polysaccharides are considered the main functional component and one of the main active ingredients of the plant. In addition, polysaccharides from genus Polygonatum have a variety of nutritional, biological and health-promoting properties, such as immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular protective, neuroprotective, antitumor, antidiabetic, antiosteoporosis, and hepatoprotective properties. This paper reviews the origin, extraction, purification, structural characteristics, biological activity, safety, toxicological evaluation, and structure-activity relationship of polysaccharides from the genus Polygonatum. Ultimately, we hope that this work can provide a more useful reference for understanding the polysaccharide structure and developing of new functional foods from polysaccharides of the genus Polygonatum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Gong
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaona Gan
- Amway Innovation & Science (Shanghai), 720 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yingzhe Li
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Chen
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongbin Xu
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Songshan Shi
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingzhao Li
- Amway Innovation & Science (Shanghai), 720 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Bo Li
- Amway Innovation & Science (Shanghai), 720 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Huijun Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shunchun Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines and the SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Health-Promoting Activities and Associated Mechanisms of Polygonati Rhizoma Polysaccharides. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031350. [PMID: 36771015 PMCID: PMC9919897 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Polygonati Rhizoma, a typical homology of medicine and food, possesses remarkable anti-fatigue, anti-aging, metabolic regulatory, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-diabetes, and anti-cancer effects. Among bioactive phytochemicals in Polygonati Rhizoma, polysaccharides play important roles in the health-promoting activities through the mechanisms mentioned above and potential synergistic effects with other bioactives. In this review, we briefly introduce the updated biosynthesis of polysaccharides, the purification method, the structure characterization, and food applications, and discuss in detail the biological activities of Polygonati Rhizoma polysaccharides and associated mechanisms, aiming at broadening the usage of Polygonati Rhizoma as functional food and medicine.
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu J, Chen C, Tu W, Liu W, Zhang Y. Analysis of the microscopic interactions between processed Polygonatum cyrtonema polysaccharides and water. J Mol Graph Model 2023; 118:108350. [PMID: 36194990 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2022.108350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
The dissolution and microscopic interactions of processed Polygonatum cyrtonema polysaccharides in water are extremely important because they strongly influence the process to extract these polysaccharides from water. In this paper, molecular dynamics simulation methods were used to analyse the influence of extraction temperature, concentration and molecular weight on the radial distribution function (RDF), mean square displacement (MSD), diffusion coefficient (D), radius of gyration (Rg), and microstructure of processed Polygonatum cyrtonema polysaccharides in water as well as the intrinsic viscosity (η), hydrogen bond characteristics and microscopic interactions in the solutions. The research results showed that the extraction temperature, concentration and molecular weight of the polysaccharides had important effects on the RDF, MSD, D, Rg, η, hydrogen bond characteristics and the microstructure of the polysaccharide molecules, but there were some major differences. The order of the influence of the factors affecting the dissolution of polysaccharides in water was temperature > concentration > molecular weight. Extraction temperature, material fluid ratio and molecular weight had greater influence on the fluidity and dissolution state of the polysaccharides in water. As the solute concentration and molecular weight increased, hydrogen bonds between polysaccharides and water inhibited their dissolution and diffusion. Properly increasing the temperature, reducing the concentration and selecting low molecular weight polysaccharides enhanced the dissolution and diffusion of the polysaccharides in the solution system. Molecular weight was the main factor affecting the η of the polysaccharide solutions. These results can provide theoretical guidance for the extraction or tea brewing process of Polygonatum cyrtonema polysaccharides in future work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- School of Resources and Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Changzhou Chen
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Wenfeng Tu
- School of Resources and Environment, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Jiangxi Shanbaotang Food Technology Co., Ltd., Nanchang, 330044, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yanru Zhang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, 056038, Hebei, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bi D, Huang J, Cao J, Yao L, Guo W, Zhang Z, Wu Y, Xu H, Hu Z, Xu X. Preparation, characterization and immunomodulatory effects of unsaturated sulfated oligoguluronic acid. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 301:120370. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
11
|
Guo Y, Ma A, Wang X, Yang C, Chen X, Li G, Qiu F. Research progress on the antiviral activities of natural products and their derivatives: Structure–activity relationships. Front Chem 2022; 10:1005360. [PMID: 36311429 PMCID: PMC9596788 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1005360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Viruses spread rapidly and are well-adapted to changing environmental events. They can infect the human body readily and trigger fatal diseases. A limited number of drugs are available for specific viral diseases, which can lead to non-efficacy against viral variants and drug resistance, so drugs with broad-spectrum antiviral activity are lacking. In recent years, a steady stream of new viral diseases has emerged, which has prompted development of new antiviral drugs. Natural products could be employed to develop new antiviral drugs because of their innovative structures and broad antiviral activities. This review summarizes the progress of natural products in antiviral research and their bright performance in drug resistance issues over the past 2 decades. Moreover, it fully discusses the effect of different structural types of natural products on antiviral activity in terms of structure–activity relationships. This review could provide a foundation for the development of antiviral drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Guo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Anna Ma
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinyan Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Chen Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Xi Chen, ; Gen Li,
| | - Gen Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Xi Chen, ; Gen Li,
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjfin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Xue H, Wang W, Bian J, Gao Y, Hao Z, Tan J. Recent advances in medicinal and edible homologous polysaccharides: Extraction, purification, structure, modification, and biological activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:1110-1126. [PMID: 36181889 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
110 kinds of traditional Chinese medicines can be used for medicine and food from Chinese pharmacopoeia in 2021. With the deepening of research in recent years, medicinal and edible homologous (MEH) traditional Chinese medicines have great development and application prospects in many fields. Polysaccharides are one of the major and representative pharmacologically active macromolecules in traditional Chinese medicines with MEH. Moreover, traditional Chinese medicines with MEH have become the main source of natural polysaccharides with safety, high efficiency, and low side effects. Increasing researches have confirmed that MEH polysaccharides (MEHPs) have multiple biological activities both in vitro and in vivo methods, such as antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-tumor, anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic activities, and regulating intestinal flora. Additionally, different raw materials, extraction, purification, and chemical modification methods result in differences in the structure and biological activities of MEHPs. The purpose of the present review is to provide comprehensively and systematically reorganized information in the extraction, purification, structure, modification, biological activities, and potential mechanism of MEHPs to support their therapeutic effects and health functions. New valuable insights and theoretical basis for the future researches and developments regarding MEHPs were proposed in the fields of medicine and food.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongkun Xue
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Wenli Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Jiayue Bian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yuchao Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Zitong Hao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Jiaqi Tan
- Medical Comprehensive Experimental Center, Hebei University, No. 342 Yuhua East Road, Lianchi District, Baoding 071002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Xue H, Li P, Bian J, Gao Y, Sang Y, Tan J. Extraction, purification, structure, modification, and biological activity of traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides: A review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1005181. [PMID: 36159471 PMCID: PMC9505017 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1005181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicines (TCM), as the unique natural resource, are rich in polysaccharides, polyphenols, proteins, amino acid, fats, vitamins, and other components. Hence, TCM have high medical and nutritional values. Polysaccharides are one of the most important active components in TCM. Growing reports have indicated that TCM polysaccharides (TCMPs) have various biological activities, such as antioxidant, anti-aging, immunomodulatory, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and other activities. Hence, the research progresses and future prospects of TCMPs must be systematically reviewed to promote their better understanding. The aim of this review is to provide comprehensive and systematic recombinant information on the extraction, purification, structure, chemical modification, biological activities, and potential mechanism of TCMPs to support their therapeutic effects and health functions. The findings provide new valuable insights and theoretical basis for future research and development of TCMPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongkun Xue
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiayue Bian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yuchao Gao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yumei Sang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Jiaqi Tan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Medical Comprehensive Experimental Center, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang X, Liu T, Wang X, Zhou L, Qi J, An S. Structural characterization, antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory of the phosphorylated polysaccharide from Pholiota nameko. Front Nutr 2022; 9:976552. [PMID: 36118783 PMCID: PMC9471013 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.976552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a novel polysaccharide (SPN) was extracted by high-temperature pressure method and purified by a DEAE-52 column and a Sephadx G-100 gel column. PPN was obtained after phosphorylation of SPN. The differences of structural features, antioxidant activity, and anti-inflammatory effect of the two polysaccharides were investigated by chemical methods and RAW 264.7 cell model. SPN (Mw = 15.8 kDa) and PPN (Mw = 27.7 kDa) are an acidic polysaccharide with β-pyranose configuration, mainly containing rhamnose, mannose, glucose, arabinose, and galacose. FI-IR, NMR, and SEM spectra showed phosphorylation of SPN changed its structure. In methylation analysis, the major chains of SPN and PPN were 1,4-linked Glcp, 1,6-linked Galp, 1,2-linked Rhap, and 1.6-linked Manp with terminals of t-linked Glcp, t-linked Araf. The side chain of SPN was 1,4,6-linked Galp, 1,2,5-linked Araf, while the side chain of PPN was 1,4,6-linked Galp, 1,2,4-linked Glcp. In antioxidant activity experiments, the free radical scavenging rate of PPN was stronger than that of SPN. Also, PPN always has better anti-inflammatory on RAW 264.7 cells induced by LPS than that of SPN in same concentration, and it plays an anti-inflammatory role by inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. The results indicated polysaccharide could significantly improve its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory function after phosphorylation. This study provides a potentially antioxidant and anti-inflammatory health food and drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Province Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, Changchun, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xi Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Lanying Zhou
- Jilin Province Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, Changchun, China
| | - Ji Qi
- Jilin Province Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, Changchun, China
| | - Siyu An
- Jilin Province Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yu L, Wang Y, Tang Q, Zhang R, Zhang D, Zhu G. Structural Characterization of a Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua Tuber Polysaccharide and Its Contribution to Moisture Retention and Moisture-Proofing of Porous Carbohydrate Material. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27155015. [PMID: 35956965 PMCID: PMC9370567 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27155015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Porous carbohydrate materials such as tobacco shreds readily absorb moisture and become damp during processing, storage, and consumption (smoking). Traditional humectants have the ability of moisture retention but moisture-proofing is poor. Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua polysaccharide (PCP 85−1−1) was separated by fractional precipitation and was purified by anion exchange and gel permeation chromatography. The average molecular weight (Mw) of PCP 85−1−1 was 2.88 × 103 Da. The monosaccharide composition implied that PCP 85−1−1 consisted of fucose, glucose, and fructose, and the molar ratio was 22.73:33.63:43.65. When 2% PCP 85−1−1 was added to tobacco shreds, the ability of moisture retention and moisture-proofing were significantly enhanced. The moisture retention index (MRI) and moisture-proofing index (MPI) increased from 1.95 and 1.67 to 2.11 and 2.14, respectively. Additionally, the effects of PCP 85−1−1 on the aroma and taste of tobacco shreds were evaluated by electronic tongue and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). These results indicated that PCP 85−1−1 had the characteristics of preventing water absorption under high relative humidity and moisturizing under dry conditions. The problem that traditional humectants are poorly moisture-proof was solved. PCP 85−1−1 can be utilized as a natural humectant on porous carbohydrates, which provides a reference for its development and utilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yu
- Department of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-13501687790
| | - Yipeng Wang
- Department of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Qingjiu Tang
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
| | - Rongrong Zhang
- Department of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Danyu Zhang
- Department of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Guangyong Zhu
- Department of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, No. 100 Haiquan Road, Shanghai 201418, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mukherjee S, Jana S, Khawas S, Kicuntod J, Marschall M, Ray B, Ray S. Synthesis, molecular features and biological activities of modified plant polysaccharides. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 289:119299. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
17
|
Qiu Z, Qiao Y, Zhang B, Sun-Waterhouse D, Zheng Z. Bioactive polysaccharides and oligosaccharides from garlic (Allium sativum L.): Production, physicochemical and biological properties, and structure-function relationships. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:3033-3095. [PMID: 35765769 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Garlic is a common food, and many of its biological functions are attributed to its components including functional carbohydrates. Garlic polysaccharides and oligosaccharides as main components are understudied but have future value due to the growing demand for bioactive polysaccharides/oligosaccharides from natural sources. Garlic polysaccharides have molecular weights of 1 × 103 to 2 × 106 Da, containing small amounts of pectins and fructooligosaccharides and large amounts of inulin-type fructans ((2→1)-linked β-d-Fruf backbones alone or with attached (2→6)-linked β-d-Fruf branched chains). This article provides a detailed review of research progress and identifies knowledge gaps in extraction, production, composition, molecular characteristics, structural features, physicochemical properties, bioactivities, and structure-function relationships of garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides. Whether the extraction processes, synthesis approaches, and modification methods established for other non-garlic polysaccharides are also effective for garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides (to preserve their desired molecular structures and bioactivities) requires verification. The metabolic processes of ingested garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides (as food ingredients/dietary supplements), their modes of action in healthy humans or populations with chronic conditions, and molecular/chain organization-bioactivity relationships remain unclear. Future research directions related to garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhichang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yiteng Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Dongxiao Sun-Waterhouse
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Zhenjia Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
He Y, Chen Z, Nie X, Wang D, Zhang Q, Peng T, Zhang C, Wu D, Zhang J. Recent advances in polysaccharides from edible and medicinal Polygonati rhizoma: From bench to market. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 195:102-116. [PMID: 34896461 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Although the increasing studies have corroborated the biological activities and great market utilization value of polysaccharide fractions derived from Polygonati rhizome, a well-known edible and medicinal plant, Polygonati rhizome polysaccharides (PRPs) still lack sufficient attention. Herein, we make attempt to systematically summarize recent advances in the extraction, purification, structural characteristics, biological activities, and commercial products of PRPs. Based on the detailed extraction and structural characteristics, the biological activities of PRPs including immune-regulation, anti-osteoporosis, anti-Alzheimer's disease, anti-diabetes and anti-atherosclerotic, are emphatically summarized, as well as the possible related mechanisms. Most importantly, about 365 kinds of commercial functional foods and over 500 patents related to PRPs as the main raw material were analyzed to explore the status quo and bottleneck for the development and utilization of PRPs. In conclusion, this review will benefit to bridge the gap between basic knowledge and market innovations, and facilitate the in-depth utilization of PRPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan He
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Zhejie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Xin Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Di Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Pengzhou Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine, Pengzhou 611930, China
| | - Teng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Dingtao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industrialization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China.
| | - Jinming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Effects of the steaming process on the structural properties and immunological activities of polysaccharides from Polygonatum cyrtonema. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
|
20
|
Structure, function and food applications of carboxymethylated polysaccharides: A comprehensive review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
21
|
Liu F, Liu X, Chen F, Fu Q. Mussel-inspired chemistry: A promising strategy for natural polysaccharides in biomedical applications. Prog Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
22
|
Zhu S, Liu P, Wu W, Li D, Shang EX, Guo S, Qian D, Yan H, Wang W, Duan JA. Multi-constituents variation in medicinal crops processing: Investigation of nine cycles of steam-sun drying as the processing method for the rhizome of Polygonatum cyrtonema. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 209:114497. [PMID: 34871951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The rhizome of Polygonatum cyrtonema (Polygonati Rhizoma) is widely consumed as medicine-homology-food in Asia for its tonic effect, which can be enhanced by traditional steam-sun drying for nine cycles. However, the multi-constituents variation in this process was unclear, and the necessity of nine cycles should be further discussed. In this study, the multiple constituents, including saccharides, amino acids, nucleosides and bases, lipids, saponins, homoisoflavones and cinnamamides, in P. cyrtonema treated with sun drying, heated air drying, each cycle of steam-heated air drying, infrared drying and microwave drying were compared. The results showed that the content of total saccharides increased in samples from one to four cycles of steam-heated air drying (365.0-945.6 mg/g) and decreased from four to nine (945.6-288.0 mg/g). The content of fructose increased in samples from one to six cycles (29.9-234.7 mg/g) and decreased from six to nine (234.7-177.7 mg/g). The abundance of most phospholipids and free fatty acids increased continuously from one to nine cycles while most of the amino acids, nucleosides and bases showed continuous declining trend. Principal component analysis showed that the samples treated with one to four cycles were wider in distance than four to nine, indicating the chemical composition tending to be stable after fourth steaming. If taking total saccharides, fructose, and phospholipids as the major quality indicator, four cycles of steam-heated air drying processing should be the ideal postharvest processing method to obtain better taste, flavor and functionality. Samples treated with heated-air drying and infrared drying were far in distance from steaming ones by hierarchical cluster analysis, which means these processing methods were not suitable to replace the traditional steam-sun drying process. Collectively, the above results will not only provide novel processing methods that will obtain the high active ingredients for P. cyrtonema, but also shed light on the optimization of processing technology for the industrial production of medicinal crops which need nine cycles of steam-sun drying processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqing Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China; Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of Functional Chemistry, Institute of Medicine and Chemical Engineering, Zhenjiang College, Zhenjiang 212028, China.
| | - Pei Liu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Wenxing Wu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Dan Li
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Er-Xin Shang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Sheng Guo
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Dawei Qian
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Hui Yan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Li X, Chen Q, Liu G, Xu H, Zhang X. Chemical elucidation of an arabinogalactan from rhizome of Polygonatum sibiricum with antioxidant activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 190:730-738. [PMID: 34520778 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Polygonatum sibiricum is traditionally used as Chinese medicine for immunity enhancement. Exploration of polysaccharides from Polygonatum species would provide a wider insight into the studies on their chemical structures and function activities. In this study, the alkali-extracted polysaccharide from P. sibiricum (PSP) was isolated and examined. The polysaccharide was firstly isolated by ion-exchange chromatography equipped with DE52 column, followed by isolated through Superdex-200 column. The obtained PSPJWA fraction was a homogenous one with average molecular weight of 141 kDa. The monosaccharide composition was galactose, arabinose and rhamnose in a ratio of 14:4:1. The glycosidic linkages of PSPJWA fraction were indicated to be Araf-(1→, →5)-Araf-(1→, →3,5)-Araf-(1→, Galp-(1→, →4)-Galp-(1→, →4,6)-Galp-(1→ and →2,4)-Rhap-(1→ residue by methylation analysis. NMR and enzymatic studies showed that PSPJWA was a novel arabinogalactan-type structure. PSPJW polysaccharides with different molecular weight and similar chemical structure had different antioxidant activities. Together, P. sibiricum polysaccharide has the potential to be a natural antioxidant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, PR China.
| | - Qi Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, PR China
| | - Guoku Liu
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, PR China
| | - Hairong Xu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, PR China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225001, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Li Q, Zeng J, Gong P, Wu Y, Li H. Effect of steaming process on the structural characteristics and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides from Polygonatum sibiricum rhizomes. Glycoconj J 2021; 38:561-572. [PMID: 34495423 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-021-10013-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Polygonatum sibiricum (P. sibiricum) rhizomes are widely used as a tonic and functional food, and are often processed to enhance their tonic function by repeated steaming and drying. As the most important constituent, the polysaccharide from P. sibiricum rhizomes (PSP) has demonstrated various activities, but the alteration of structural characteristics and activities of the purified PSPs during steaming process was rarely investigated. To well understand the effect of steaming process on the polysaccharides of P. sibiricum, neutral polysaccharides from P. sibiricum rhizomes (PSP0 ~ PSP9) after steaming were first isolated and purified, and then the chemical properties and antioxidant activities were determined. The results showed that the molar ratios of monosaccharides in PSPs were different. The molecular weights of PSPs were increased significantly after the fourth steaming. Morphological studies showed that the surface of PSPs became much tighter during the steaming process. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra displayed the polysaccharides had similar backbones and chemical groups. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of PSPs was measured through radical scavenging tests. It was found that the radical scavenging activity of PSPs was elevated strikingly after steaming, and increased gradually with numbers of steaming process. The biological and chemical variance of PSPs revealed considerable segregation of PSP0, PSP1 ~ PSP4 and PSP5 ~ PSP9. In conclusion, our results proposed the fourth time as the optimal number of steaming to extract functional polysaccharide from P. sibiricum rhizomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinying Li
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, 264209, PR China.
| | - Jun Zeng
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, 264209, PR China
| | - Pixian Gong
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, 264209, PR China
| | - Yanchao Wu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, 264209, PR China
- Weihai Huiankang Biotechnology Co. Ltd, 264200, Weihai, 264209, P. R. China
| | - Huijing Li
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Weihai Marine Organism & Medical Technology Research Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai, 264209, PR China
- Weihai Huiankang Biotechnology Co. Ltd, 264200, Weihai, 264209, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Xiong S, Cao X, Fang H, Guo H, Xing B. Formation of silver nanoparticles in aquatic environments facilitated by algal extracellular polymeric substances: Importance of chloride ions and light. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 775:145867. [PMID: 33621870 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Natural conversion of metal species is an important source for nanoscale metal particles in the aquatic environment, and it could affect their fate and toxicity. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) are ubiquitous and abundant in the aquatic environment, thus likely can reduce metal ions to nanoscale particles. However, the effect of natural inorganic ligand and light on this process has not been well investigated. In this work, Ag+ was readily reduced to silver nanoparticles (AgNPs, around 15 nm in size) by the EPS collected from Chlorella pyrenoidosa. AgNPs could be generated in the dark environment but at a slow rate. Visible light accelerated the photoreduction. The reaction mechanism probed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix spectrometry demonstrated that the reduction in Ag+ was attributed to the protein and polysaccharides in the EPS. The presence of chloride ions (Cl-) largely shortened the duration of photoreduction. Scanning electron microscopy results indicated that with the aid of EPS, the AgCl nanocrystal was converted to core-shell structure, with dot-like nano Ag acting as the shell and the AgCl nanocrystal acting as the core. Size and morphological changes were observed on transmission electron microscopy. This study adds new knowledge of the joint effect of light exposure, Cl-, and EPS on the formation of AgNPs from Ag+ and advances the understanding of the natural formation mechanism of AgNPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sicheng Xiong
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Xuesong Cao
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States; Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hao Fang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Huiyuan Guo
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States; Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, NY 13902, United States
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Xia S, Zhai Y, Wang X, Fan Q, Dong X, Chen M, Han T. Phosphorylation of polysaccharides: A review on the synthesis and bioactivities. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 184:946-954. [PMID: 34182000 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.06.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are macromolecules obtained from a wide range of sources and are known to have diverse biological activities. The biological activities of polysaccharides depend on their structure and physicochemical properties, including water solubility, monosaccharide composition, degree of branching, molecular structure, and molecular weight. Phosphorylation is a commonly used chemical modification method that improves the physicochemical properties of native polysaccharides, thus enhancing their biological activity, or even imparting novel biological activity. Therefore, phosphorylated polysaccharides have attracted increasing attention owing to their antioxidant, antitumor, antiviral, immunomodulatory, and hepatoprotective effects. In this review, we have discussed recent advances in the phosphorylation of polysaccharides, and the methods used for phosphorylation, structural characterization, and determination of biological activities, to provide a theoretical basis for the use of polysaccharides. The structure-activity relationship of phosphorylated polysaccharides and their use in the food and pharmaceutical industries needs to be further studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunli Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Yongcong Zhai
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Xue Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Qirui Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Xiaoyi Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Mei Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Tao Han
- School of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Solhi L, Sun HS, Daswani SH, Shojania S, Springate CMK, Brumer H. Controlled sulfation of mixed-linkage glucan by Response Surface Methodology for the development of biologically applicable polysaccharides. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 269:118275. [PMID: 34294307 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Endogenous and exogenous sulfated polysaccharides exhibit potent biological activities, including inhibiting blood coagulation and protein interactions. Controlled chemical sulfation of alternative polysaccharides holds promise to overcome limited availability and heterogeneity of naturally sulfated polysaccharides. Here, we established reaction parameters for the controlled sulfation of the abundant cereal polysaccharide, mixed-linkage β(1,3)/β(1,4)-glucan (MLG), using Box-Behnken Design of Experiments (BBD) and Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The optimization of the degree-of-substitution (DS) was externally validated through the production of sulfated MLGs (S-MLGs) with observed DS and Mw values deviating less than 20% and 30% from the targeted values, respectively. Simultaneous optimization of DS and Mw resulted in the same range of deviation from the targeted value. S-MLGs with DS > 1 demonstrated a modest anticoagulation effect versus heparin, and a greater P-selectin affinity than fucoidan. As such, this work provides a route to medically important polymers from an economical agricultural polysaccharide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laleh Solhi
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - He Song Sun
- ARC Medical Devices, 8-3071 No. 5 Road, Richmond, BC V6X 2T4, Canada
| | | | - Shaheen Shojania
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | | | - Harry Brumer
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada; BioProducts Institute, University of British Columbia, 2385 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Advances in dietary polysaccharides as anticancer agents: Structure-activity relationship. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
29
|
Xie SZ, Yang G, Jiang XM, Qin DY, Li QM, Zha XQ, Pan LH, Jin CS, Luo JP. Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua Polysaccharide Promotes GLP-1 Secretion from Enteroendocrine L-Cells through Sweet Taste Receptor-Mediated cAMP Signaling. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:6864-6872. [PMID: 32456438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secreted from enteroendocrine L-cells is a pleiotropic hormone with beneficial potential related to islet function, diet control, glucose homeostasis, inflammation relief, and cardiovascular protection. The present study aimed at investigating the effect of Polygonatum cyrtonema polysaccharide (PCP) after structural identification on GLP-1 secretion and the possible mechanism involved in the PCP-stimulated secretion of GLP-1. It was found that GLP-1 secretion was effectively promoted (p < 0.01) by PCP both in rats with oral administration for 5 weeks (13.9 ± 0.3-35.8 ± 0.3 pmol/L) and ileal administration within 2 h (13.6 ± 0.4-34.1 ± 1.1 pmol/L) and in enteroendocrine NCI-H716 cells with direct stimulation within 24 h (2.05 ± 0.3-20.7 ± 0.2 pmol/L). The sweet taste receptor T1R2/T1R3 was identified to be essential for NCI-H716 cells to directly recognize PCP. The intervention experiments showed that PCP-stimulated GLP-1 secretion was significantly depressed (p < 0.01) not only by antibodies, siRNA, and the inhibitor of T1R2/T1R3 but also by an adenylate cyclase inhibitor. These results suggest that PCP stimulates GLP-1 secretion from enteroendocrine cells possibly through activation of the T1R2/T1R3-mediated cAMP signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song-Zi Xie
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Guang Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Xian-Min Jiang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Dan-Yang Qin
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Qiang-Ming Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Xue-Qiang Zha
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Li-Hua Pan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Chuan-Shan Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230012, China
| | - Jian-Ping Luo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Duan Z, Zhang Y, Zhu C, Wu Y, Du B, Ji H. Structural characterization of phosphorylated Pleurotus ostreatus polysaccharide and its hepatoprotective effect on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 162:533-547. [PMID: 32565302 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the basic structural features of phosphorylated Pleurotus ostreatus polysaccharide (PPOP) and study the protective effect of PPOP on liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride in male Kunming mice. The phosphorylated polysaccharide was prepared from the natural polysaccharide extracted from Pleurotus ostreatus (POP). The structures of PPOP and POP were characterized by FT-IR, ESEM spectroscopy, and Congo red test. Chemical composition analysis revealed that PPOP was mainly composed of rhamnose, galacturonic acid, and xylose in a molar ratio of 0.10: 1.98: 1.00. Structural analysis indicated that PPOP had multi-strand structure and the absorption peaks of PO and P-O-C. Furthermore, animal experiments showed that the hepatoprotective effect of PPOP against liver injury was reflected by decreasing the levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total cholesterol, trilaurin, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the serum, increasing the content of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and albumin in blood, reducing the content of malondialdehyde and promoting the activity of antioxidant enzymes in liver. PPOP exhibited stronger hepatoprotective effect and antioxidant activity in vivo than POP. The final results indicated that PPOP could be used in the treatment of chemical-induced hepatotoxicity based on the above biological research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Duan
- College of Food Engineering and Nutrition Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- College of Food Engineering and Nutrition Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Caiping Zhu
- College of Food Engineering and Nutrition Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China; International Joint Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Food and Health Sciences, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Yuan Wu
- College of Food Engineering and Nutrition Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Biqi Du
- College of Food Engineering and Nutrition Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Huijie Ji
- College of Food Engineering and Nutrition Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Li L, Thakur K, Cao YY, Liao BY, Zhang JG, Wei ZJ. Anticancerous potential of polysaccharides sequentially extracted from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua in Human cervical cancer Hela cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 148:843-850. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
32
|
Zhang W, Li HJ, Chen L, Zhang S, Ma Y, Ye C, Zhou Y, Pang B, Wu YC. Fructan from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua as an eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in HCl media. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 238:116216. [PMID: 32299575 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An effective and biodegradable polygonatum fructan (PF) from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua was studied as an eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for mild steel protection in 1 M HCl, whose inhibition performance was studied by weight loss tests, electrochemical techniques, and surface analysis techniques (SECM, FTIR). The experimental results showed that PF has outstanding inhibition performance for mild steel in hydrochloric acid, and the inhibition efficiency increased with the increase of its concentration and temperature. Polarization studies indicated that PF is a mixed-type corrosion inhibitor, and its adsorption mode conforms to Langmuir isotherm, mainly chemisorption. An adsorption-related protective inhibitor film formed on the surface of mild steel was verified and investigated based on its surface analysis and characterization. Quantum chemical analysis showed that the adsorption of PF on the surface of mild steel has obvious chemical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Hui-Jing Li
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, PR China.
| | - Liwei Chen
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Siyi Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Yongjian Ma
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Chen Ye
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Yuanqing Zhou
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Boyi Pang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Yan-Chao Wu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, PR China; Weihai Institute of Marine Biomedical Industrial Technology, Wendeng District, Weihai 264400, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
He X, Fang J, Guo Q, Wang M, Li Y, Meng Y, Huang L. Advances in antiviral polysaccharides derived from edible and medicinal plants and mushrooms. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 229:115548. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
34
|
Liu H, Li F, Luo P. Effect of Carboxymethylation and Phosphorylation on the Properties of Polysaccharides from Sepia esculenta Ink: Antioxidation and Anticoagulation in Vitro. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17110626. [PMID: 31683929 PMCID: PMC6891342 DOI: 10.3390/md17110626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effect of carboxymethylation and phosphorylation modification on Sepia esculenta ink polysaccharide (SIP) properties, this study prepared carboxymethyl SIP (CSIP) with the chloracetic acid method, and phosphorylated SIP (PSIP) with the sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP)/sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) method, on the basis of an orthogonal experiment. The in vitro antioxidant and anticoagulant activities of the derivatives were determined by assessing the scavenging capacity of the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radicals, which activated the partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), and thrombin time (TT). The results showed that SIP was modified successfully to be CSIP and PSIP, and degrees of substitution (DSs) of the two products were 0.9913 and 0.0828, respectively. Phosphorylation efficiently improved the antioxidant property of SIP, and the IC50 values of PSIP on DPPH and hydroxyl radicals decreased by 63.25% and 13.77%, respectively. But carboxymethylation reduced antioxidant activity of the native polysaccharide, IC50 values of CSIP on the DPPH and hydroxyl radicals increased by 16.74% and 6.89%, respectively. SIP significantly prolonged the APTT, PT, and TT in a dose-dependent fashion, suggesting that SIP played an anticoagulant action through intrinsic, extrinsic, and common coagulation pathways. CSIP and PSIP both possessed a stronger anticoagulant capacity than SIP via the same pathways; moreover, CSIP was observed to be more effective in prolonging APTT and PT than PSIP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huazhong Liu
- College of Chemistry & Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
| | - Fangping Li
- College of Chemistry & Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
| | - Ping Luo
- College of Chemistry & Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhu H, Liu C, Hou J, Long H, Wang B, Guo D, Lei M, Wu W. Gastrodia elata Blume Polysaccharides: A Review of Their Acquisition, Analysis, Modification, and Pharmacological Activities. Molecules 2019; 24:E2436. [PMID: 31269719 PMCID: PMC6651794 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24132436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrodia elata Blume (G. elata) is a valuable Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) with a wide range of clinical applications. G. elata polysaccharides, as one of the main active ingredients of G. elata, have interesting extraction, purification, qualitative analysis, quantitative analysis, derivatization, and pharmacological activity aspects, yet a review of G. elata polysaccharides has not yet been published. Based on this, this article summarizes the progress of G. elata polysaccharides in terms of the above aspects to provide a basis for their further research and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haodong Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jinjun Hou
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huali Long
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - De'an Guo
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Min Lei
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Wanying Wu
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wang C, Peng D, Zhu J, Zhao D, Shi Y, Zhang S, Ma K, Wu J, Huang L. Transcriptome analysis of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua: identification of genes involved in polysaccharide biosynthesis. PLANT METHODS 2019; 15:65. [PMID: 31289459 PMCID: PMC6593569 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-019-0441-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua (P. cyrtonema) is one of the most important herbs in traditional Chinese medicine. Polysaccharides in P. cyrtonema plants comprise a class of important secondary metabolites and exhibit a broad range of pharmacological functions. RESULTS In order to identify genes involved in polysaccharide biosynthesis, we performed RNA sequencing analysis of leaf, root, and rhizome tissues of P. cyrtonema. A total of 164,573 unigenes were obtained by assembling transcripts from all three tissues and 86,063 of these were annotated in public databases. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were determined based on expression profile analysis, and DEG levels in rhizome tissues were then compared with their counterparts in leaf and root tissues. This analysis revealed numerous genes that were either up-regulated or uniquely expressed in the rhizome. Multiple genes encoding important enzymes, such as UDP glycosyltransferases (UGTs), or transcription factors involved in polysaccharide biosynthesis were identified and further analyzed, while a few genes encoding key enzymes were experimentally validated using quantitative real-time PCR. CONCLUSION Our results substantially expand the public transcriptome dataset of P. cyrtonema and provide valuable clues for the identification of candidate genes involved in metabolic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenkai Wang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038 China
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038 China
| | - Daiyin Peng
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038 China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Anhui Authentic Chinese Medicine Quality Improvement, Hefei, 230012 China
| | - Jinhang Zhu
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032 China
| | - Derui Zhao
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038 China
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038 China
| | - Yuanyuan Shi
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038 China
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038 China
| | - Shengxiang Zhang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038 China
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038 China
| | - Kelong Ma
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038 China
- Clinical College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jiawen Wu
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038 China
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038 China
- Synergetic Innovation Center of Anhui Authentic Chinese Medicine Quality Improvement, Hefei, 230012 China
| | - Luqi Huang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine and Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038 China
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Bai J, Ren Y, Li Y, Fan M, Qian H, Wang L, Wu G, Zhang H, Qi X, Xu M, Rao Z. Physiological functionalities and mechanisms of β-glucans. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
38
|
Yu Y, Li Z, Cao G, Li S, Yang H. Effects of ball milling micronization on amino acids profile and antioxidant activities of Polygonatumcyrtonema Hua tuber powder. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-019-00131-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
39
|
Zhang H, Cai XT, Tian QH, Xiao LX, Zeng Z, Cai XT, Yan JZ, Li QY. Microwave-Assisted Degradation of Polysaccharide from Polygonatum sibiricum and Antioxidant Activity. J Food Sci 2019; 84:754-761. [PMID: 30908644 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Four polysaccharide fractions (P-1: 71.40%, P-2: 1.95%, P-3: 1.14%, P-4: 1.64%) were isolated from crude Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide (PSP), processed by water extraction, ethanol precipitation, and further separated with diethylaminoethyl cellulose-52 anion-exchange chromatography. Their molecular weights and monosaccharide compositions were characterized by high performance gel chromatography with evaporative light scattering detector and ultraviolet-visible detector. The antioxidant activity of four polysaccharides fractions were assessed by the electron transfer menchanism (DPPH, ferric reducing power, and ABST assays) and chelation of transition metals (Fe2+ and Cu2+ chelation ability). The highest content fraction P-1 exhibited the lowest antioxidant activity, and the ranking of antioxidant capacity was P-4 > P-3 > P-2 > PSP > P-1. After processed by microwave-assisted degradation, the molecular weight of P-1 was decreased from 2.99 × 105 to 2.33 × 103 Da, while the antioxidant activity of degraded P-1 was about eightfold higher than natural P-1. These results indicated that the proposed microwave-assisted degradation approach was an efficacious methodology to improve their bioactivity by lower the molecular weight of polysaccharides. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study provided an environmentally friendly, convenient and efficient microwave-assisted degradation technology to process the neutral polysaccharides from Polygonatum sibiricum. The results could be used for the development and utilization of various plant polysaccharides as a kind of food supplement in our daily life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Univ. of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Xiu-Ting Cai
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Univ. of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Qing-Hua Tian
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Univ. of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Lin-Xia Xiao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang Univ. of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Zhen Zeng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Univ. of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Xin-Tong Cai
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Univ. of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Ji-Zhong Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Univ. of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Qing-Yong Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Univ. of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of polysaccharides sequentially extracted from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 114:317-323. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.03.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
41
|
Li L, Liao BY, Thakur K, Zhang JG, Wei ZJ. The rheological behavior of polysaccharides sequential extracted from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 109:761-771. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
42
|
Jiao J, Jia X, Liu P, Zhang Q, Liu F, Ma C, Xi P, Liang Z. Species identification of polygonati rhizoma in China by both morphological and molecular marker methods. C R Biol 2018; 341:102-110. [PMID: 29428511 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Morphological markers as well as two types of molecular markers, inter-sample sequence repeat (ISSR) and start codon targeted (SCoT) are suitable for species identification of the polygonati rhizoma germplasms. In this paper, we adopted these methods for the identification of rhizomes collected from 47 areas in China. Based on their morphological characters, the collected germplasms were classified into two populations, one with alternate leaf arrangement and the other with verticillate leaf arrangement, and they were comprised of five species and fourteen subgroups. Of the five species identified: Polygonatum kingianum, P. cirrhifolium, P. alternicirrhosum, and P. sibiricum belonged to one cluster, and P. cyrtonema belonged to a different cluster. According to the analysis of both ISSR and SCoT markers, all germplasms with greater genetic similarity were classified into one group. Especially, P. sibiricum and P. cirrhifolium, which shared ∼80% similarity, were clustered together, whereas the germplasms identified as P. kingianum with ∼86% similarity formed a separate clade. P. kingianum showed a much greater genetic similarity with P. cyrtonema than with P. sibiricum. The multidimensional scaling analysis further verified the accuracy and reliability of the molecular marker-based results. Thus, both morphological and molecular methods should be combined for the differentiation of germplasms such as those of polygonati rhizoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Jiao
- College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiangrong Jia
- College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Pei Liu
- College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiaomei Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Research Department, Buchang Pharma, Xi'an, 712000 Shaanxi, China
| | - Cunde Ma
- Research Department, Buchang Pharma, Xi'an, 712000 Shaanxi, China
| | - Pengzhou Xi
- Research Department, Buchang Pharma, Xi'an, 712000 Shaanxi, China
| | - Zongsuo Liang
- College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Acetylation Modification Improves Immunoregulatory Effect of Polysaccharide from Seeds of Plantago asiatica L. J CHEM-NY 2018. [DOI: 10.1155/2018/3082026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study was conducted to investigate effects of acetylated Plantago asiatica L. polysaccharides (Ac-PLCPs) on their immunoregulatory activities in bone-marrow-derived dendritic cells (DCs) model. Influences of natural Plantago asiatica L. crude polysaccharide (PLCP) and Ac-PLCPs on inducing phenotypic and functional maturation on DCs were determined. The results showed that Ac-PLCPs with degree of substitution (DS) from 0.06 to 0.1 could not only stimulate the expression of surface molecules major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II), cluster of differentiation 86 (CD86), and CD80 on DCs (P<0.01) but also increase the secretion of cytokine IL-12p70 (P<0.01). The endocytosis activity of DCs was attenuated by Ac-PLCPs treatment (P<0.01), while the mRNA expressions of chemokine receptors CCR7 and CXCR4 in DCs were significantly increased (P<0.01). Besides, DCs treated with the Ac-PLCPs showed extremely strong T cell proliferation stimulating activity (P<0.01). These data showed that Ac-PLCPs had higher maturation-stimulating activity on DCs than PLCP, which indicated that acetylation modification improved the immunoregulatory effect of PLCP.
Collapse
|
44
|
Xiong W, Zhang W, Yuan W, Du H, Ming K, Yao F, Bai J, Chen Y, Liu J, Wang D, Hu Y, Wu Y. Phosphorylation of Icariin Can Alleviate the Oxidative Stress Caused by the Duck Hepatitis Virus A through Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases Signaling Pathways. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1850. [PMID: 29018425 PMCID: PMC5622922 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The duck virus hepatitis (DVH) caused by the duck hepatitis virus A (DHAV) has produced extensive economic losses to the duck industry. The currently licensed commercial vaccine has shown some defects and does not completely prevent the DVH. Accordingly, a new alternative treatment for this disease is urgently needed. Previous studies have shown that icariin (ICA) and its phosphorylated derivative (pICA) possessed good anti-DHAV effects through direct and indirect antiviral pathways, such as antioxidative stress. But the antioxidant activity showed some differences between ICA and pICA. The aim of this study is to prove that ICA and pICA attenuate oxidative stress caused by DHAV in vitro and in vivo, and to investigate their mechanism of action to explain their differences in antioxidant activities. In vivo, the dynamic deaths, oxidative evaluation indexes and hepatic pathological change scores were detected. When was added the hinokitiol which showed the pro-oxidative effect as an intervention method, pICA still possessed more treatment effect than ICA. The strong correlation between mortality and oxidative stress proves that ICA and pICA alleviate oxidative stress caused by DHAV. This was also demonstrated by the addition of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as an intervention method in vitro. pICA can be more effective than ICA to improve duck embryonic hepatocytes (DEHs) viability and reduce the virulence of DHAV. The strong correlation between TCID50 and oxidative stress demonstrates that ICA and pICA can achieve anti-DHAV effects by inhibiting oxidative stress. In addition, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) of ICA and pICA showed significant difference. pICA could significantly inhibit the phosphorylation of p38, extra cellular signal regulated Kinase (ERK 1/2) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), which were related to mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathways. Ultimately, compared to ICA, pICA exhibited more antioxidant activity that could regulate oxidative stress-related indicators, and inhibited the phosphorylation of MAPKs signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xiong
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjuan Yuan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongxu Du
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ke Ming
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangke Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingying Bai
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaguo Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Deyun Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanliang Hu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Potential mechanism of protection effect of exopolysaccharide from Lachnum YM406 and its derivatives on carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury in mice. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
|
46
|
Ming K, Chen Y, Shi J, Yang J, Yao F, Du H, Zhang W, Bai J, Liu J, Wang D, Hu Y, Wu Y. Effects of Chrysanthemum indicum polysaccharide and its phosphate on anti-duck hepatitis a virus and alleviating hepatic injury. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 102:813-821. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.04.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
47
|
Jin C, Du Z, Lin L, Zhou L, Li S, Liu Q, Ding K. Structural Characterization of Mannoglucan from Dendrobium nobile Lindl and the Neuritogenesis-Induced Effect of Its Acetylated Derivative on PC-12 Cells. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:polym9090399. [PMID: 30965702 PMCID: PMC6418801 DOI: 10.3390/polym9090399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A water-soluble polysaccharide (JCS1) was isolated from the stems of Dendrobium nobile Lindl. JCS1 was structurally characterized using a combination of chemical and spectral analysis, including methylation analysis, partial acid hydrolysis, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, gas chromatography (GC), GC-mass spectrometry (MS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The molecular weight was estimated to be 2.3 × 10⁴ Da using high-performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC). The sugar composition analysis indicated it was composed of glucose, mannose, xylose, and arabinose in a 40.2:2.3:1.7:1.0 molar ratio. The structure analysis showed that JCS1 was a mannoglucan with a backbone consisting of (1→4)-linked β-Manp and (1→4)-linked α-Glcp with branches at C-6 of (1→4)-linked α-Glcp residues. The branches were composed of T-α-Glcp, 1,4-α-Xylp, and T-α-Araf. In vitro bioactivity tests revealed that the acetylated derivative of JCS1, YJCS1, induced neuritogenesis of PC-12 cells. These results demonstrate that YJCS1 might be a promising bioactive polysaccharide for development as a drug candidate for the possible prevention and treatment of neurodegeneration diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Can Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, 201 Dalian Road, Zunyi 563003, China.
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Shangshai Institute of Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Zhenyun Du
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Shangshai Institute of Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Liyan Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, 201 Dalian Road, Zunyi 563003, China.
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Shangshai Institute of Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Lishuang Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, 201 Dalian Road, Zunyi 563003, China.
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Shangshai Institute of Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Saijuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, 201 Dalian Road, Zunyi 563003, China.
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Shangshai Institute of Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Qin Liu
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Shangshai Institute of Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Kan Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, 201 Dalian Road, Zunyi 563003, China.
- Glycochemistry and Glycobiology Lab, Shangshai Institute of Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zu Chong Zhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Gupta P, Diwan B. Bacterial Exopolysaccharide mediated heavy metal removal: A Review on biosynthesis, mechanism and remediation strategies. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 13:58-71. [PMID: 28352564 PMCID: PMC5361134 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metal contamination has been recognized as a major public health risk, particularly in developing countries and their toxicological manifestations are well known. Conventional remediation strategies are either expensive or they generate toxic by-products, which adversely affect the environment. Therefore, necessity for an environmentally safe strategy motivates interest towards biological techniques. One of such most profoundly driven approach in recent times is biosorption through microbial biomass and their products. Extracellular polymeric substances are such complex blend of high molecular weight microbial (prokaryotic and eukaryotic) biopolymers. They are mainly composed of proteins, polysaccharides, uronic acids, humic substances, lipids etc. One of its essential constituent is the exopolysaccharide (EPS) released out of self defense against harsh conditions of starvation, pH and temperature, hence it displays exemplary physiological, rheological and physio-chemical properties. Its net anionic makeup allows the biopolymer to effectively sequester positively charged heavy metal ions. The polysaccharide has been expounded deeply in this article with reference to its biosynthesis and emphasizes heavy metal sorption abilities of polymer in terms of mechanism of action and remediation. It reports current investigation and strategic advancements in dealing bacterial cells and their EPS in diverse forms - mixed culture EPS, single cell EPS, live, dead or immobilized EPS. A significant scrutiny is also involved highlighting the existing challenges that still lie in the path of commercialization. The article enlightens the potential of EPS to bring about bio-detoxification of heavy metal contaminated terrestrial and aquatic systems in highly sustainable, economic and eco-friendly manner.
Collapse
|
49
|
Phosphorylation and antiaging activity of polysaccharide from Trichosanthes peel. J Food Drug Anal 2017; 25:976-983. [PMID: 28987375 PMCID: PMC9328876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides from Trichosanthes peel (TPP) were obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction. TPP-1 was separated from the TPP by Sephadex G-100 column chromatography. Phosphorylation of TPP-1 was carried out and phosphorylated TPP-1 was named as PTTP-1. The results of infrared spectra, 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectra and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectra showed that the main structure of PTPP-1 was similar to that of TPP-1 and -H2PO3 groups which were conjugated to C-6 of →4)-α-D-Manp-(1→, C-4 of →6)-α-D-Galp-(1→, C-2 and C-3 of →1)-α-L-Araf, C-2 of →1)-α-L-Araf-(3→, and C-6 and C-3 of →1)-α-D-Glcp. In vivo antiaging activity results proved that TTP-1 and PTTP-1 could both significantly improve the body weight, spleen index, and thymus index of the D-galactose-induced aging mice, increase the levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and reduce malondialdehyde contents in the liver, brain, and serum of aging mice. These results indicated that both TPP-1 and PTTP-1 presented significant antiaging activity. Moreover, PTTP-1 showed stronger antiaging effects in aging mice, indicating that phosphorylation improved antiaging effect.
Collapse
|
50
|
Phosphorylated Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide could inhibit the virulence of duck hepatitis A virus compared with Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharide. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 94:28-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Revised: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|