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Ji R, Wang Z, Kuang H. Extraction, purification, structural characterization, and biological activity of polysaccharides from Schisandra chinensis: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132590. [PMID: 38788881 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Schisandra chinensis (SC), a plant of the Magnoliaceae family, commonly known as "North Schisandra chinensis", has been listed as a top-grade Chinese medicine in the Shennong Materia Medica Classic for its high medicinal value since ancient times. Polysaccharides from S. chinensis fruits (SCPs) are an active component in SC, which have various biological activity, including immune regulation, anti-tumor, antioxidant, liver protective, anti-inflammatory and hypoglycemic activity. Research has shown that the extraction methods of SCPs include hot water extraction, water extraction and alcohol precipitation, ultrasonic-assisted, microwave-assisted and so on. Different extraction methods can affect the yield and purity of polysaccharides, and to improve the extraction yield of SCPs, two or more extraction methods can be combined. SCPs are mainly composed of glucose, mannose, rhamnose, galactose, galacturonic acid and arabinose. This article aims to provide a systematic review of the research progress in the extraction and separation methods, structural characterization, and biological activity of SCPs both domestically and internationally in recent years. This deeply explores the pharmacological activity and action mechanism of SCPs, and provides a certain point of reference for the research and clinical application of SC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haixue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, People's Republic of China.
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Chen S, Qin F, Yang Y, Zhao Y, Xiao S, Li W, Akihisa T, Jantrawut P, Ji J, Zhang J. Extraction, purification, structural characterization, and bioactivities of the genus Schisandra polysaccharides: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130257. [PMID: 38423904 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The genus Schisandra, a member of the Magnoliaceae family, is a well-known tonic traditional Chinese medicine with a long history of traditional medicinal and functional food used in China. Polysaccharides are one of its main active constituents, which have a wide range of bioactivities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, neuroprotection, anti-diabetes, hepatoprotection, immunomodulation, and anti-fatigue. In this paper, we review the extraction, isolation, purification, structural characterization, bioactivities, as well as structure-activity relationship of polysaccharides from the genus Schisandra. In conclusion, we hope that this review could provide reference for the subsequent research on structural, bioactivities, development and application of the genus Schisandra polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211112, China
| | - Fang Qin
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211112, China
| | - Ying Yang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211112, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211112, China
| | - Shuyun Xiao
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211112, China
| | - Wei Li
- Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-1094, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Akihisa
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211112, China; Research Institute for Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Pensak Jantrawut
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ching Mai University, Ching Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Jingyu Ji
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211112, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211112, China.
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Yang Y, Sun X, Zhao Y, Ge W, Ding Z, Liu J, Wang L, Xu X, Zhang J. Anti-tumor activity and immunogenicity of a succinoglycan riclin. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 255:117370. [PMID: 33436203 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Natural polysaccharides have attracted considerable interests due to diverse biological activities. Succinoglycan is an extracellular polysaccharide produced by most Agrobacterium strains. Here, we confirmed riclin was a typical succinoglycan by NMR and methylation analysis, and investigated the antitumor effects of riclin in sarcoma 180 tumor-bearing mice. The results showed that riclin inhibited the tumor growth significantly as well as cyclophosphamide (CTX). While CTX caused serious damage to spleen structure, riclin increased the spleen index and promoted lymphocytes proliferation in peripheral blood, spleen and lymph nodes. Riclin decreased splenocytes apoptosis as evidenced by alterations of B-cell lymphoma-2 family proteins and Cleaved Caspase-3 protein. Moreover, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics analysis revealed that riclin partially altered the metabolic profiles of splenocytes. In conclusion, riclin is a succinoglycan that performed strong immunogenicity and suppressed sarcoma growth in mice. Succinoglycan riclin could be a potential antitumor agent for functional food and pharmaceutical purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Yang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Xiaqing Sun
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Yang Zhao
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Wenhao Ge
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Zhao Ding
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Junhao Liu
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Xi Xu
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Jianfa Zhang
- Center for Molecular Metabolism, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
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XIA YG, ZHU RJ, SHEN Y, LIANG J, KUANG HX. A high methyl ester pectin polysaccharide from the root bark of Aralia elata: Structural identification and biological activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 159:1206-1217. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.05.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Potential of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. in Human Health and Nutrition: A Review of Current Knowledge and Therapeutic Perspectives. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020333. [PMID: 30720717 PMCID: PMC6412213 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. (SCE) is a plant with high potential for beneficial health effects, confirmed by molecular studies. Its constituents exert anti-cancer effects through the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, as well as inhibition of invasion and metastasis in cancer cell lines and experimental animals. SCE displays antimicrobial effects against several pathogenic strains. It has anti-diabetic potential, supported by hypoglycemic activity. A diet rich in SCE improves pancreatic functions, stimulates insulin secretion, and reduces complications in diabetic animals. SCE prevents lipid accumulation and differentiation of preadipocytes, indicating its anti-obesity potential. SCE exerts a protective effect against skin photoaging, osteoarthritis, sarcopenia, senescence, and mitochondrial dysfunction, and improves physical endurance and cognitive/behavioural functions, which can be linked with its general anti-aging potency. In food technology, SCE is applied as a preservative, and as an additive to increase the flavour, taste, and nutritional value of food. In summary, SCE displays a variety of beneficial health effects, with no side effects. Further research is needed to determine the molecular mechanisms of SCE action. First, the constituents responsible for its beneficial effects should be isolated and identified, and recommended as preventative nutritional additives, or considered as therapeutics.
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Li Z, He X, Liu F, Wang J, Feng J. A review of polysaccharides from Schisandra chinensis and Schisandra sphenanthera: Properties, functions and applications. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 184:178-190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Zhong S, Liu XD, Nie YC, Gan ZY, Yang LQ, Huang CQ, Lai KF, Zhong NS. Antitussive activity of the Schisandra chinensis fruit polysaccharide (SCFP-1) in guinea pigs models. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 194:378-385. [PMID: 27497637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. (S. chinensis), locally known as "Wuweizi", has been used in the treatment of chronic cough as prescription medications of Traditional Chinese Medicine for thousands of years. However, the components of antitussive activity of S. chinensis and the mechanism are poorly understood. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to investigate the antitussive activity of polysaccharides extracted from S. chinensis. MATERIALS AND METHODS S. chinensis fruit polysaccharide-1 (SCFP-1) was extracted by 95% ethanol and distilled water successively, and then the water extraction was isolated with chromatographic columns. The preliminary characterization of SCFP-1 was analyzed by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and some other recognized chemical methods. Antitussive potential of SCFP-1 was estimated at dose of 250, 500, and 1000mg/kg respectively by peroral administration in a guinea pigs model with cough hypersensitivity induced by cigarette smoke (Chronic cough model) or acute cough guinea model induced by citric acid (Acute cough model). Also, the time-dependent antitussive effect of SCFP-1 were evaluated with acute cough model, and compared with codeine. RESULTS The molecular of SCFP-1 was 3.18×104Da, mainly being composed of glucose and arabinose (66.5% and 29.4%, respectively). Peroral administration of SCFP-1 at 250, 500, and 1000mg/kg showed remarkable suppressive effects respectively on cough in both of chronic cough model and acute cough model. Meanwhile, inflammatory cell in BALF and some typical characteristics of nonspecific airway inflammation in animals exposed to CS was significantly attenuated after pretreatment with SCFP-1. The cough suppression of SCFP-1 (500 mg/kg) stablly lasted during the whole 5 h of time-dependent experiment, while no positive effect was observed after 300 min of oral administration of codeine. CONCLUSIONS SCFP-1 is one of the antitussive components of S. chinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, No 151 Yanjiang Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, No 151 Yanjiang Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Chu Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, No 151 Yanjiang Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Yong Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, No 151 Yanjiang Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Qi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, No 151 Yanjiang Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Chu-Qin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, No 151 Yanjiang Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Fang Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, No 151 Yanjiang Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510120, People's Republic of China.
| | - Nan-Shan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, No 151 Yanjiang Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510120, People's Republic of China
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Chen Y, Yao F, Ming K, Wang D, Hu Y, Liu J. Polysaccharides from Traditional Chinese Medicines: Extraction, Purification, Modification, and Biological Activity. Molecules 2016; 21:E1705. [PMID: 27983593 PMCID: PMC6273901 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21121705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been used to treat diseases in China for thousands of years. TCM compositions are complex, using as their various sources plants, animals, fungi, and minerals. Polysaccharides are one of the active and important ingredients of TCMs. Polysaccharides from TCMs exhibit a wide range of biological activities in terms of immunity- modifying, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-tumor properties. With their widespread biological activities, polysaccharides consistently attract scientist's interests, and the studies often concentrate on the extraction, purification, and biological activity of TCM polysaccharides. Currently, numerous studies have shown that the modification of polysaccharides can heighten or change the biological activities, which is a new angle of polysaccharide research. This review highlights the current knowledge of TCM polysaccharides, including their extraction, purification, modification, and biological activity, which will hopefully provide profound insights facilitating further research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Fangke Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Ke Ming
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Deyun Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Yuanliang Hu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Jiaguo Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Cheng Z, Song H, Yang Y, Zhou H, Liu Y, Liu Z. Smashing Tissue Extraction of Five Lignans From the Fruit of Schisandra chinensis. J Chromatogr Sci 2015; 54:246-56. [PMID: 26254462 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmv116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Schisandra chinensis is one of the most famous herbal medicines in China, Korea and Japan. It has been widely used as a tonic, sedative, anti-aging and astringent agent. Lignans are one of its main bioactive components. The classical methods for extracting lignans, however, were tedious and energy-consuming. With the aim to develop an effective extraction method of lignans, the smashing tissue extraction (STE) technique was adopted and optimized in this study. Extraction conditions of STE have been optimized by the response surface methodology based on the Box-Behnken design. Results showed that 75% aqueous ethanol was the optimal extraction solvent, and the other optimal conditions were as follows: extraction voltage of 180 V, extraction time of 1 min, solid-liquid ratio of 1 : 19 and sample particle size of 120 mesh. Under these optimized conditions, the total content of the five lignans (Schisandrol A, Schisantherin A, Deoxyschisandrin, Schisandrin B and Schisandrin C) in S. chinensis collected from Baishan City located in the northeast of China was 13.89 ± 0.014 mg/g, which was well matched with the value predicted by the model. Other techniques, including heat reflux, Soxhlet, ultrasonic-assisted and microwave-assisted extraction, were further compared. Results suggested that STE had the highest extraction efficiency of lignans with the shortest time. It indicates that the approach proposed in this study is a simple and efficient technique for the extraction of lignans in S. chinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Cheng
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, China
| | - Haiyan Song
- Laboratory of Test Center, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China
| | - Yingjie Yang
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, China
| | - Hongli Zhou
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- School of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, China
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Optimization of microwave-assisted enzymatic extraction of polysaccharides from the fruit of Schisandra chinensis Baill. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 76:161-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Cheng Z, Yang Y, Liu Y, Liu Z, Zhou H, Hu H. Two-steps extraction of essential oil, polysaccharides and biphenyl cyclooctene lignans from Schisandra chinensis Baill fruits. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014; 96:162-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Qu HM, Liu SJ, Zhang CY. Antitumor and antiangiogenic activity of Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide in a renal cell carcinoma model. Int J Biol Macromol 2014; 66:52-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Kim MS, Shin YJ, Jang J. Antimicrobial Finish of Cotton and Silk Fabrics Dyed with Schizandra chinensis Fruit Extract. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.12772/tse.2013.50.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Chen S, Chen H, Wang Z, Tian J, Wang J. Structural characterization and antioxidant properties of polysaccharides from two Schisandra fruits. Eur Food Res Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-013-2044-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Antitumor activity of a polysaccharide from Pleurotus eryngii on mice bearing renal cancer. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 95:615-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Revised: 03/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Zhao T, Mao G, Mao R, Zou Y, Zheng D, Feng W, Ren Y, Wang W, Zheng W, Song J, Chen Y, Yang L, Wu X. Antitumor and immunomodulatory activity of a water-soluble low molecular weight polysaccharide from Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 55:609-16. [PMID: 23416131 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Revised: 01/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A water-soluble low molecular weight polysaccharide (SCPP11) was extracted and purified using DEAE-cellulose and Sephadex G-100 column from Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. Its in vivo and in vitro antitumor and immunomodulatory activity were investigated. The results showed that SCPP11 with a molecular weight of 3.4×10(3)Da exhibited indirect cyctotoxic activity against tumor cells in vitro, but could significantly inhibit the growth of Heps cells in vivo at dose of 50mg/kg, and its inhibition rate is higher than that in the positive group. Moreover, SCPP11 could ameliorate the hematological and biochemical parameters to almost normal and no significant changes in organ weight, and could increase the body weight. In addition, SCPP11 (at 50mg/kg) could also increased in thymus indexes as well as IL-2 and TNF-α levels in serum in vivo and significantly enhance the phagocytosis activity and the productions of NO of RAW264.7 in vitro. The results indicated that antitumor properties of SCPP11 might be achieved by improving immune response. It could be explored as a potential adjuvant against cancer used in the health food and pharmaceutical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Xuefu Rd. 301, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
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Li H, Sun M, Xu J, Li H, Zang M, Cui Y. Immunological response in H22 transplanted mice undergoing Aconitum coreanum polysaccharide treatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 55:295-300. [PMID: 23375801 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2012] [Revised: 01/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a polysaccharide (ACP-a1), with a molecular weight of 3.2×10(5)Da, was successfully purified and identified from the roots of Aconitum coreanum (Lèvl.) Rapaics. Gas chromatography (GC) analysis indicated that ACP-a1 was mainly composed of β-d-mannose and β-d-glucose in a molar ratio of 1.2:3.5. The effects of ACP-a1 on the tumor growth and immune function were assessed in hepatoma H22 bearing mice. Results showed that ACP-a1 significantly inhibited the growth of hepatoma H22 transplanted in mice and prolonged the survival time of H22 tumor-bearing mice. Besides, the body weight, peripheral white blood cells (WBC), thymus index and spleen index of H22 tumor-bearing were also improved after ACP-a1 treatment. Furthermore, ACP-a1 could promote the secretion of serum cytokines in H22 tumor-bearing mice, such as IL-2, TNF-α and IFN-γ. Taken together, our results indicate that ACP-a1 inhibits tumor growth in vivo at least partly via improving immune responses of host organism, and seems to be safe and effective as a novel agent with immunomodulatory activity for the use of anti-tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huisheng Li
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, PR China
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Anticancer polysaccharides from natural resources: a review of recent research. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 90:1395-410. [PMID: 22944395 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 442] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2012] [Revised: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Taking into account the rising trend of the incidence of cancers of various organs, effective therapies are urgently needed to control human malignancies. However, almost all of the chemotherapy drugs currently on the market cause serious side effects. Fortunately, several previous studies have shown that some non-toxic biological macromolecules, including polysaccharides and polysaccharide-protein complexes, possess anti-cancer activities or can increase the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy drugs. Based on these encouraging observations, a great deal of effort has been focused on discovering anti-cancer polysaccharides and complexes for the development of effective therapeutics for various human cancers. This review focuses on the advancements in the anti-cancer efficacy of various natural polysaccharides and polysaccharide complexes in the past 5 years. Most polysaccharides were tested using model systems, while several involved clinical trials.
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