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Liu W, Xiang H, Zhang T, Pang X, Su J, Liu H, Ma B, Yu L. Screening and Selection of a New Medium for Diosgenin Production via Microbial Biocatalysis of Fusarium sp. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14050390. [PMID: 33919111 PMCID: PMC8143133 DOI: 10.3390/ph14050390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Steroidal saponins are widely used as starting precursors and medical intermediates for the semi-/total-synthesis of hundreds of steroidal drugs. One such steroidal saponin is diosgenin, which has attracted significant attention due to the huge market demand in the pharmaceutical industry. Due to water waste and severe environmental pollution, the traditional diosgenin production process based on direct acid hydrolysis is no longer used. In this study, to develop a submerged fermentation (SmF) medium for clean diosgenin production via efficient microbial biocatalysis, the Box-Behnken design (BBD) in combination with the Plackett-Burman design (PBD) was used to determine the medium compositions for Fusarium strains. Three components (wheat bran, phosphate, and Tween-80) were determined as significant factors by the PBD. Using the BBD, the three significant factors were further optimized, and the optimum values were determined for maximal diosgenin production. With 21.16 g/L of wheat bran, 9.60 g/L of phosphate, and 1.97 g/L of Tween-80, the diosgenin yield was 2.28%, i.e., 3.17 mg/L/h. The experimental values agreed with the predicted values, representing a significant increase in diosgenin production compared to its production using the basic SmF medium. For the first time, we reported the development of a new medium for Fusarium strains to produce diosgenin via microbial biocatalysis of the root of Dioscorea zingiberensis C. H. Wright (DZW). A simple-composition, low-cost, and high-efficiency medium was developed for the first time for the SmF of Fusarium strains. The medium is considered useful for large-scale SmF and may be applicable to other fungi. This study lays a solid foundation for diosgenin production in an acid-free and wastewater-free way. It may also provide fundamental support for producing other value-added products via microbial biocatalysis of low-value materials by endophytic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wancang Liu
- Division for Medicinal Microorganisms Related Strains, CAMS Collection Center of Pathogenic Microorganisms, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (W.L.); (T.Z.); (X.P.); (J.S.); (H.L.)
| | - Haibo Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430011, China;
| | - Tao Zhang
- Division for Medicinal Microorganisms Related Strains, CAMS Collection Center of Pathogenic Microorganisms, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (W.L.); (T.Z.); (X.P.); (J.S.); (H.L.)
| | - Xu Pang
- Division for Medicinal Microorganisms Related Strains, CAMS Collection Center of Pathogenic Microorganisms, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (W.L.); (T.Z.); (X.P.); (J.S.); (H.L.)
| | - Jing Su
- Division for Medicinal Microorganisms Related Strains, CAMS Collection Center of Pathogenic Microorganisms, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (W.L.); (T.Z.); (X.P.); (J.S.); (H.L.)
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Division for Medicinal Microorganisms Related Strains, CAMS Collection Center of Pathogenic Microorganisms, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (W.L.); (T.Z.); (X.P.); (J.S.); (H.L.)
| | - Baiping Ma
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, China;
| | - Liyan Yu
- Division for Medicinal Microorganisms Related Strains, CAMS Collection Center of Pathogenic Microorganisms, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; (W.L.); (T.Z.); (X.P.); (J.S.); (H.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-63187118
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Gao H, Lu C, Wang H, Wang L, Yang Y, Jiang T, Li S, Xu D, Wu L. Production exopolysaccharide from Kosakonia cowanii LT-1 through solid-state fermentation and its application as a plant growth promoter. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 150:955-964. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Yousef RH, Baothman OAS, Abdulaal WH, Abo-Golayel MK, Darwish AA, Moselhy SS, Ahmed YM, Hakeem KR. Potential antitumor activity of exopolysaccharide produced from date seed powder as a carbon source for Bacillus subtilis. J Microbiol Methods 2020; 170:105853. [PMID: 31978532 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2020.105853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The major functions of Exopolysaccharide (EPS) include, preventing bacterial cells from desiccating and biofilm production to increase the colonization of bacterial cells. In the current study, a bacterial strain was isolated to produce EPS. Phylogenetic analysis of the isolated strain indicated it was related to Bacillus subtilis. The bacterium showed the ability to produce a new EPS using very cheap date seeds as a carbon source. Different conditions were studied to enhance exopolysaccharide production. Maximum total sugars (exopolysaccharide) were reached to 0.87 mM) at 20 g/lAjwadates seed (ADS). The maximum production was found to be 3.46 mM by addition of peptone as the main source of nitrogen with a concentration of 1.5 g/L. The optimal parameter values were temperature 37 °C, pH 6, incubation time 72 h and inoculum concentration 1 mL. The crude exopolysaccharide was purified by removing the cells, then the protein, then dialysis and finally ethanol precipitation of the exopolysaccharide. This method modification increased exopolysaccharide production to 0.6 g/L. The exopolysaccharide produced showed antitumor activity against Erlich tumor cells. It is promising for application on a large scale for different types of cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakan H Yousef
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Othman A S Baothman
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Head of the Central Lab of Microbial Toxicology & Natural Products Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wesam H Abdulaal
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed K Abo-Golayel
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Medical Research Centre, Ain Shams University Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Anas A Darwish
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Said S Moselhy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Youssri M Ahmed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Head of Production of Bioproducts for Industrial Applications Research Group and Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, KSA, Saudi Arabia; Microbial Biotechnology Dep., Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khalid Rehman Hakeem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), PO Box 80203, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Princess Dr Najla Bint Saud Al- Saud Center for Excellence Research in Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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Hamidi M, Kozani PS, Kozani PS, Pierre G, Michaud P, Delattre C. Marine Bacteria versus Microalgae: Who Is the Best for Biotechnological Production of Bioactive Compounds with Antioxidant Properties and Other Biological Applications? Mar Drugs 2019; 18:E28. [PMID: 31905716 PMCID: PMC7024282 DOI: 10.3390/md18010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity play remarkable roles in the prevention of reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. ROS, which are formed by different pathways, have various pathological influences such as DNA damage, carcinogenesis, and cellular degeneration. Incremental demands have prompted the search for newer and alternative resources of natural bioactive compounds with antioxidant properties. The marine environment encompasses almost three-quarters of our planet and is home to many eukaryotic and prokaryotic microorganisms. Because of extreme physical and chemical conditions, the marine environment is a rich source of chemical and biological diversity, and marine microorganisms have high potential as a source of commercially interesting compounds with various pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmeceutical applications. Bacteria and microalgae are the most important producers of valuable molecules including antioxidant enzymes (such as superoxide dismutase and catalase) and antioxidant substances (such as carotenoids, exopolysaccharides, and bioactive peptides) with various valuable biological properties and applications. Here, we review the current knowledge of these bioactive compounds while highlighting their antioxidant properties, production yield, health-related benefits, and potential applications in various biological and industrial fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Hamidi
- Food and Drug Research Center, Vice-Chancellery of Food and Drug, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht P.O. Box 41446/66949, Iran;
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht P.O. Box 44771/66595, Iran;
| | - Pouya Safarzadeh Kozani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht P.O. Box 44771/66595, Iran;
| | - Pooria Safarzadeh Kozani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran P.O. Box 14115/111, Iran;
| | - Guillaume Pierre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (G.P.); (P.M.)
| | - Philippe Michaud
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (G.P.); (P.M.)
| | - Cédric Delattre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pascal, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (G.P.); (P.M.)
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 1 rue Descartes, 75005 Paris, France
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Kalpana R, Angelaalincy MJ, Kamatchirajan BV, Vasantha VS, Ashokkumar B, Ganesh V, Varalakshmi P. Exopolysaccharide from Bacillus cereus VK1: Enhancement, characterization and its potential application in heavy metal removal. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2018; 171:327-334. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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6
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Abinaya M, Vaseeharan B, Divya M, Vijayakumar S, Govindarajan M, Alharbi NS, Khaled JM, Al-Anbr MN, Benelli G. Structural characterization of Bacillus licheniformis Dahb1 exopolysaccharide-antimicrobial potential and larvicidal activity on malaria and Zika virus mosquito vectors. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:18604-18619. [PMID: 29704178 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2002-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Microbial polysaccharides produced by marine species play a key role in food and cosmetic industry, as they are nontoxic and biodegradable polymers. This investigation reports the isolation of exopolysaccharide from Bacillus licheniformis Dahb1 and its biomedical applications. Bacillus licheniformis Dahb1 exopolysaccharide (Bl-EPS) was extracted using the ethanol precipitation method and structurally characterized. FTIR and 1H-NMR pointed out the presence of various functional groups and primary aromatic compounds, respectively. Bl-EPS exhibited strong antioxidant potential confirmed via DPPH radical, reducing power and superoxide anion scavenging assays. Microscopic analysis revealed that the antibiofilm activity of Bl-EPS (75 μg/ml) was higher against Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus vulgaris) bacteria over Gram-positive species (Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus). Bl-EPS led to biofilm inhibition against Candida albicans when tested at 75 μg/ml. The hemolytic assay showed low cytotoxicity of Bl-EPS at 5 mg/ml. Besides, Bl-EPS achieved LC50 values < 80 μg/ml against larvae of mosquito vectors Anopheles stephensi and Aedes aegypti. Overall, our findings pointed out the multipurpose bioactivity of Bl-EPS, which deserves further consideration for pharmaceutical, environmental and entomological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthukumar Abinaya
- Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Science Block, 6th floor, Burma Colony, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630004, India
| | - Baskaralingam Vaseeharan
- Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Science Block, 6th floor, Burma Colony, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630004, India.
| | - Mani Divya
- Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Science Block, 6th floor, Burma Colony, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630004, India
| | - Sekar Vijayakumar
- Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Animal Health Lab, Department of Animal Health and Management, Alagappa University, Science Block, 6th floor, Burma Colony, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, 630004, India
| | - Marimuthu Govindarajan
- Unit of Vector Control, Phytochemistry and Nanotechnology, Department of Zoology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, 608 002, India
- Department of Zoology, Government College for Women, Kumbakonam, Tamil Nadu, 612 001, India
| | - Naiyf S Alharbi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamal M Khaled
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed N Al-Anbr
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Giovanni Benelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy
- The BioRobotics Institute, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025, Pisa, Pontedera, Italy
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7
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Özcan E, Öner ET. Microbial of Extracellular Polysaccharide Production from Biomass Sources. POLYSACCHARIDES 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-03751-6_51-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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Bajestani MI, Mousavi SM, Jafari A, Shojaosadati SA. Biosynthesis and physicochemical characterization of a bacterial polysaccharide/polyamide blend, applied for microfluidics study in porous media. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 96:100-110. [PMID: 27864059 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Screening among some new isolated bacteria from oily samples, which were capable of producing extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs), one was selected and identified as Bacillus sonorensis. An efficient micro-total analysis approach was carried out to assay the produced EPSs by this bacterium. Sucrose and yeast concentrations as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively, sodium salt concentration and initial pH were selected to be the variables in experimental design. Production of EPS in optimal condition was increased by 5.3 times. Further EPS purification was carried out to identify the biopolymers. The bacteria produced high molecular weight biopolymers with a number average molecular weight (M̅n) of 9.1×106g/mol determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Biopolymer characterization demonstrated the biosynthesis of both polysaccharides and polyamides by the bacteria. For the biopolymer blend, thermal properties and morphological characteristics were studied using simultaneous differential scanning calorimetric and thermal gravimetric analyses (DSC/TGA) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) analyses. Finally, the biopolymer blend was injected into an oil saturated glass micro model to study the enhancement of oil recovery by biopolymer flooding in contrast with water flooding. It was found that oil recovery increased by 36%, from 23% using water flooding to 59% for biopolymer injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ijadi Bajestani
- Biotechnology Group, Chemical Engineering Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyyed Mohammad Mousavi
- Biotechnology Group, Chemical Engineering Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Arezou Jafari
- Petroleum Engineering Group, Chemical Engineering Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Gupta A, Thakur IS. Study of optimization of wastewater contaminant removal along with extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production by a thermotolerant Bacillus sp. ISTVK1 isolated from heat shocked sewage sludge. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 213:21-30. [PMID: 26906445 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The present work involved study of wastewater contaminant removal along with EPS production by a thermotolerant bacterium Bacillus sp. ISTVK1, isolated from heat shocked sewage sludge. EPS production in basal and mineral medium containing 50% filter sterilized wastewater and 0.5% sucrose was found to be 0.83±0.12gL(-1) and 0.31±0.10gL(-1) culture, respectively. GC-MS analysis of EPS revealed the presence of β-d-glucose, α-d-galactose and β-d-arabinose. FT-IR spectrum confirmed the presence carbohydrates. Box-Behnken design was used to optimize process parameters for enhanced EPS production along with % COD reduction of wastewater. The optimised conditions when used in a 1.5L bioreactor showed EPS production of 1.67±0.06gL(-1) culture and 93.0±0.21 % COD removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmita Gupta
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Indu Shekhar Thakur
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India.
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Okaiyeto K, Nwodo UU, Okoli SA, Mabinya LV, Okoh AI. Implications for public health demands alternatives to inorganic and synthetic flocculants: bioflocculants as important candidates. Microbiologyopen 2016; 5:177-211. [PMID: 26914994 PMCID: PMC4831466 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical flocculants are generally used in drinking water and wastewater treatment due to their efficacy and cost effectiveness. However, the question of their toxicity to human health and environmental pollution has been a major concern. In this article, we review the application of some chemical flocculants utilized in water treatment, and bioflocculants as a potential alternative to these chemical flocculants. To the best of our knowledge, there is no report in the literature that provides an up‐to‐date review of the relevant literature on both chemical flocculants and bioflocculants in one paper. As a result, this review paper comprehensively discussed the various chemical flocculants used in water treatment, including their advantages and disadvantages. It also gave insights into bioflocculants production, challenges, various factors influencing their flocculating efficiency and their industrial applications, as well as future research directions including improvement of bioflocculants yields and flocculating activity, and production of cation‐independent bioflocculants. The molecular biology and synthesis of bioflocculants are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunle Okaiyeto
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa.,Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
| | - Uchechukwu U Nwodo
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa.,Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
| | - Stanley A Okoli
- GenØK - Centre for Biosafety, Science Park, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, 9291, Norway
| | - Leonard V Mabinya
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa.,Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
| | - Anthony I Okoh
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa.,Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
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Okaiyeto K, Nwodo UU, Mabinya LV, Okoli AS, Okoh AI. Evaluation of flocculating performance of a thermostable bioflocculant produced by marine Bacillus sp. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2016; 37:1829-1842. [PMID: 26797258 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2015.1133717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the bioflocculant (named MBF-W7) production potential of a bacterial isolate obtained from Algoa Bay, Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The 16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acids gene sequence analysis showed 98% sequence similarity to Bacillus licheniformis strain W7. Optimum culture conditions for MBF-W7 production include 5% (v/v) inoculum size, maltose and NH4NO3 as carbon and nitrogen sources of choice, medium pH of 6 as the initial pH of the growth medium. Under these optimal conditions, maximum flocculating activity of 94.9% was attained after 72 h of cultivation. Chemical composition analyses showed that the purified MBF-W7 was a glycoprotein which was predominantly composed of polysaccharides 73.7% (w/w) and protein 6.2% (w/w). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl and amino groups as the main functional groups identified in the bioflocculant molecules. Thermogravimetric analyses showed the thermal decomposition profile of MBF-W7. Scanning electron microscopy imaging revealed that bridging played an important role in flocculation. MBF-W7 exhibited excellent flocculating activity for kaolin clay suspension at 0.2 mg/ml over a wide pH range of 3-11; with the maximal flocculation rate of 85.8% observed at pH 3 in the presence of Mn(2+). It maintained and retained high flocculating activity of over 70% after heating at 100°C for 60 min. MBF-W7 showed good turbidity removal potential (86.9%) and chemical oxygen demand reduction efficiency (75.3%) in Tyume River. The high flocculating rate of MBF-W7 makes it an attractive candidate to replace chemical flocculants utilized in water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunle Okaiyeto
- a South Africa Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre , University of Fort Hare , Alice , South Africa
- b Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology , University of Fort Hare , Alice , South Africa
| | - Uchechukwu U Nwodo
- a South Africa Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre , University of Fort Hare , Alice , South Africa
- b Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology , University of Fort Hare , Alice , South Africa
| | - Leonard V Mabinya
- a South Africa Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre , University of Fort Hare , Alice , South Africa
- b Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology , University of Fort Hare , Alice , South Africa
| | - Arinze S Okoli
- c GenØK Centre for Biosafety , Forskningsparken i Breivika , Tromsø , Norway
| | - Anthony I Okoh
- a South Africa Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre , University of Fort Hare , Alice , South Africa
- b Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology , University of Fort Hare , Alice , South Africa
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Bhatia SK, Kumar N, Bhatia RK. Stepwise bioprocess for exopolysaccharide production using potato starch as carbon source. 3 Biotech 2015; 5:735-739. [PMID: 28324523 PMCID: PMC4569638 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-014-0273-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Xanthan gum is a biopolymer produced by Xanthomonas sp. XC6. In this study, xanthan gum is produced from potato starch using a stepwise bioprocess design. Potato starch is hydrolyzed using Bacillus sp. having amylase activity and 30.2 g/L reducing sugar was released, while Xanthomonas sp. XC6 can release only 14.5 g/L. Bacillus sp. hydrolyzed potato starch extract was further used as a carbon source for xanthan gum biosynthesis using Xanthomonas sp. XC6. Yeast extract acts as the best nitrogen source, and 10.0 g/L xanthan gum was recovered. Downstreaming process after stepwise bioprocess resulted in 17.4 g/L xanthan gum production, which is 2.8 times higher as compared to single step process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Education, Ghanahatti, Shimla, 171011, India.
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, 171005, India.
| | - Narinder Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Education, Ghanahatti, Shimla, 171011, India
| | - Ravi Kant Bhatia
- Department of Biotechnology, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, 171005, India
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14
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Jeganathan A, Ramamoorthy S, Thillaichidambaram M. Optimization of extracellular polysaccharide production in Halobacillus trueperi AJSK using response surface methodology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.5897/ajb2014.14109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Manivasagan P, Kim SK. Extracellular polysaccharides produced by marine bacteria. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2014; 72:79-94. [PMID: 25081078 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-800269-8.00005-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular polysaccharides (EPSs) produced by microorganisms are a complex mixture of biopolymers primarily consisting of polysaccharides, as well as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and humic substances. Microbial polysaccharides are multifunctional and can be divided into intracellular polysaccharides, structural polysaccharides, and extracellular polysaccharides or exopolysaccharides. Recent advances in biological techniques allow high levels of polysaccharides of interest to be produced in vitro. Biotechnology is a powerful tool to obtain polysaccharides from a variety of marine microorganisms, by controlling the growth conditions in a bioreactor while tailoring the production of biologically active compounds. The aim of this chapter is to give an overview of current knowledge on extracellular polysaccharides producing marine bacteria isolated from marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panchanathan Manivasagan
- Marine Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Se-Kwon Kim
- Department of Marine-bio Convergence Science, Specialized Graduate School Science and Technology Convergence, Marine Bioprocess Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea.
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16
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Microbial of Extracellular Polysaccharide Production from Biomass Sources. POLYSACCHARIDES 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-03751-6_51-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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