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Sato Y, Sugimura K, Edgar KJ, Kamitakahara H. Selective cross-metathesis of cellobiose derivatives with amido-functionalized olefinic structures: A model study for synthesis of cellulosic diblock copolymers. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 339:122274. [PMID: 38823932 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
This work describes a model study for synthesis of cellulose-based block copolymers, investigating selective coupling of peracetyl β-d-cellobiose and perethyl β-d-cellobiose at their reducing-ends by olefin cross-metathesis (CM). Herein we explore suitable pairs of ω-alkenamides that permit selective, quantitative coupling by CM. Condensation reactions of hepta-O-acetyl-β-d-cellobiosylamine or hepta-O-ethyl-β-d-cellobiosylamine with acyl chlorides afforded the corresponding N-(β-d-cellobiosyl)-ω-alkenamide derivatives with an aromatic olefin or linear olefinic structures. Among the introduced olefinic structures, CM of the undec-10-enamide (Type I olefin) and the acrylamide (Type II olefin) gave the hetero-block tetramers, N-(hepta-O-ethyl-β-d-cellobiosyl)-N'-(hepta-O-acetyl-β-d-cellobiosyl)-alkene-α,ω-diamides, with >98 % selectivity. Moreover, selectivity was not influenced by the cellobiose substituents when a Type I olefin with a long alkyl tether was used. Although the amide carbonyl group could chelate the ruthenium atom and reduce CM selectivity, the results indicated that such chelation is suppressed by sterically hindered pyranose rings or the long alkyl chain between the amido group and the double bond. Based on this model study, selective end-to-end coupling of tri-O-ethyl cellulose and acetylated cellobiose was accomplished, proving the concept that this model study with cellobiose derivatives is a useful signpost for selective synthesis of polysaccharide-based block copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Sato
- Division of Forest and Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Kazuki Sugimura
- Division of Forest and Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
| | - Kevin J Edgar
- Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States; Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States.
| | - Hiroshi Kamitakahara
- Division of Forest and Biomaterials Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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2
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Novo DC, Edgar KJ. Smart fluorescent polysaccharides: Recent developments and applications. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 324:121471. [PMID: 37985079 PMCID: PMC10661488 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides are ubiquitous, generally benign in nature, and compatible with many tissues in biomedical situations, making them appealing candidates for new materials such as therapeutic agents and sensors. Fluorescent labeling can create the ability to sensitively monitor distribution and transport of polysaccharide-based materials, which can for example further illuminate drug-delivery mechanisms and therefore improve design of delivery systems. Herein, we review fluorophore selection and ways of appending polysaccharides, utility of the product fluorescent polysaccharides as new smart materials, and their stimulus-responsive nature, with focus on their biomedical applications as environment-sensitive biosensors, imaging, and as molecular rulers. Further, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these methods, and future prospects for creation and use of these self-reporting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana C Novo
- Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States; Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Kevin J Edgar
- Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States; Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States; GlycoMIP, National Science Foundation Materials Innovation Platform, United States.
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3
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Nguyen TT, Toyoda Y, Saipul Bahri NSN, Rahmatika AM, Cao KLA, Hirano T, Takahashi K, Goi Y, Morita Y, Watanabe M, Ogi T. Tuning of water resistance and protein adsorption capacity of porous cellulose nanofiber particles prepared by spray drying with cross-linking reaction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 630:134-143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.10.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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4
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Designing synergistic crystallization inhibitors: Bile salt derivatives of cellulose with enhanced hydrophilicity. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 292:119680. [PMID: 35725174 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Crystallization inhibitors in amorphous solid dispersions (ASD) enable metastable supersaturated drug solutions that persist for a physiologically relevant time. Olefin cross-metathesis (CM) has successfully provided multifunctional cellulose-based derivatives as candidate ASD matrix polymers. In proof of concept studies, we prepared hydrophobic bile salt/cellulose adducts by CM with naturally occurring bile salts. We hypothesized that increased hydrophilicity would enhance the ability of these conjugates to maximize bioactive supersaturation. Their selective preparation presents a significant synthetic challenge, given polysaccharide reactivity and polysaccharide and bile salt complexity. We prepared such derivatives using a more hydrophilic hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) backbone, employing a pent-4-enyl tether (Pen) for appending bile acids. We probed structure-property relationships by varying the nature and degree of substitution of the bile acid substituent (lithocholic or deoxycholic acid). These conjugates are indeed synergistic inhibitors, as demonstrated with the fast-crystallizing prostate cancer drug, enzalutamide. The lithocholic acid methyl ester derivative, AcrMLC-PenHHPCPen (0.64), increased induction time 68 fold vs. drug alone.
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Highly Norbornylated Cellulose and Its "Click" Modification by an Inverse-Electron Demand Diels-Alder (iEDDA) Reaction. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051358. [PMID: 33806278 PMCID: PMC7961350 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A facile, catalyst-free synthesis of a norbornylated cellulosic material (NC) with a high degree of substitution (2.9) is presented by direct reaction of trimethylsilyl cellulose with norbornene acid chloride. The resulting NC is highly soluble in organic solvents and its reactive double bonds were exploited for the copper-free inverse-electron demand Diels–Alder (iEDDA) “click” reaction with 3,6-di(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine. Reaction kinetics are comparable to the well-known Huisgen type 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azide with alkynes, while avoiding toxic catalysts.
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6
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Yang H, Zhang J, Song Y, Jiang L, Jiang Q, Xue X, Huang W, Jiang B. Copolymerize Conventional Vinyl Monomers to Degradable and Water‐Soluble Copolymers with a Fluorescence Property. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202000263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou Jiangsu 213164 P. R. China
| | - Jiadong Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou Jiangsu 213164 P. R. China
| | - Yiye Song
- Changzhou University Huaide College Changzhou University Jingjiang Jiangsu 214500 P. R. China
| | - Li Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou Jiangsu 213164 P. R. China
| | - Qimin Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou Jiangsu 213164 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqiang Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou Jiangsu 213164 P. R. China
| | - Wenyan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou Jiangsu 213164 P. R. China
| | - Bibiao Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Centre of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering Changzhou University Changzhou Jiangsu 213164 P. R. China
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7
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Synthesis of polysaccharide-based block copolymers via olefin cross-metathesis. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 229:115530. [PMID: 31826500 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.115530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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8
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Conjugation of bile esters to cellulose by olefin cross-metathesis: A strategy for accessing complex polysaccharide structures. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 221:37-47. [PMID: 31227165 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.05.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bile salts tend to form micelles in aqueous media and can thereby contribute to drug solubilization; they also exhibit crystallization inhibition properties that can stabilize supersaturated drug solutions. Herein, we explore conjugation of bile salts with polysaccharides to create new, amphiphilic polysaccharide derivatives with intriguing properties, portending broad utility in various applications. We introduce efficient conjugation of cholesterol (as a model steroid), lithocholic acid, and deoxycholic acid by mild, modular olefin cross-metathesis reactions. These small molecules were first modified with an acrylate group from the A-ring hydroxyl, then reacted with cellulose derivatives bearing olefin-terminated metathesis "handles". Successful conjugation of bile acids has demonstrated chemoselective cross-metathesis with complex, polyfunctional structures, and large multi-ring systems. It also enabled an efficient, general pathway for polysaccharide-bile salt conjugates, which promise synergy for applications such as amorphous solid dispersion (ASD).
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Physical, Structural, Barrier, and Antifungal Characterization of Chitosan-Zein Edible Films with Added Essential Oils. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112370. [PMID: 29117148 PMCID: PMC5713339 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Edible films (EFs) have gained great interest due to their ability to keep foods safe, maintaining their physical and organoleptic properties for a longer time. The aim of this work was to develop EFs based on a chitosan–zein mixture with three different essential oils (EOs) added: anise, orange, and cinnamon, and to characterize them to establish the relationship between their structural and physical properties. The addition of an EO into an EF significantly affected (p < 0.05) the a* (redness/greenness) and b* (yellowness/blueness) values of the film surface. The EFs presented a refractive index between 1.35 and 1.55, and thus are classified as transparent. The physical properties of EFs with an added EO were improved, and films that incorporated the anise EO showed significantly lower water vapor permeability (1.2 ± 0.1 g mm h−1 m−2 kPa−1) and high hardness (104.3 ± 3.22 MPa). EFs with an added EO were able to inhibit the growth of Penicillium sp. and Rhizopus sp. to a larger extent than without an EO. Films’ structural changes were the result of chemical interactions among amino acid side chains from zein, glucosamine from chitosan, and cinnamaldehyde, anethole, or limonene from the EOs as detected by a Raman analysis. The incorporation of an EO in the EFs’ formulation could represent an alternative use as coatings to enhance the shelf life of food products.
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10
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Cellulose-polyhydroxylated fatty acid ester-based bioplastics with tuning properties: Acylation via a mixed anhydride system. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 173:312-320. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.05.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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11
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Dong Y, Matson JB, Edgar KJ. Olefin Cross-Metathesis in Polymer and Polysaccharide Chemistry: A Review. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:1661-1676. [PMID: 28467697 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Olefin cross-metathesis, a ruthenium-catalyzed carbon-carbon double bond transformation that features high selectivity, reactivity, and tolerance of various functional groups, has been extensively applied in organic synthesis and polymer chemistry. Herein, we review strategies for performing selective cross-metathesis and its applications in polymer and polysaccharide chemistry, including constructing complex polymer architectures, attaching pendant groups to polymer backbones and surfaces, and modifying polysaccharide derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Dong
- Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - John B Matson
- Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Kevin J Edgar
- Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, ‡Department of Chemistry, and §Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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12
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Dong Y, Mosquera-Giraldo LI, Taylor LS, Edgar KJ. Tandem modification of amphiphilic cellulose ethers for amorphous solid dispersion via olefin cross-metathesis and thiol-Michael addition. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py00228a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tandem olefin cross-metathesis (CM) and thiol-Michael addition for modification of cellulose derivatives”.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Dong
- Department of Sustainable Biomaterials
- Virginia Tech
- Blacksburg
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
| | | | - Lynne S. Taylor
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy
- College of Pharmacy
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
| | - Kevin J. Edgar
- Department of Sustainable Biomaterials
- Virginia Tech
- Blacksburg
- USA
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute
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13
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The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2015. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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14
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Mosquera-Giraldo LI, Borca CH, Meng X, Edgar KJ, Slipchenko LV, Taylor LS. Mechanistic Design of Chemically Diverse Polymers with Applications in Oral Drug Delivery. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:3659-3671. [PMID: 27715018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b01156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Polymers play a key role in stabilizing amorphous drug formulations, a recent strategy employed to improve solubility and bioavailability of drugs delivered orally. However, the molecular mechanism of stabilization is unclear, therefore, the rational design of new crystallization-inhibiting excipients remains a substantial challenge. This article presents a combined experimental and computational approach to elucidate the molecular features that improve the effectiveness of cellulose polymers as solution crystallization inhibitors, a crucial first step toward their rational design. Polymers with chemically diverse substituents including carboxylic acids, esters, ethers, alcohols, amides, amines, and sulfides were synthesized. Measurements of nucleation induction times of the model drug, telaprevir, show that the only effective polymers contained carboxylate groups in combination with an optimal hydrocarbon chain length. Computational results indicate that polymer conformation as well as solvation free energy are important determinants of effectiveness at inhibiting crystallization and show that simulations are a promising predictive tool in the screening of polymers. This study suggests that polymers need to have an adequate hydrophilicity to promote solvation in an aqueous environment, and sufficient hydrophobic regions to drive interactions with the drug. Particularly, the right balance between key substituent groups and lengths of hydrocarbon side chains is needed to create effective materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura I Mosquera-Giraldo
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | - Carlos H Borca
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | - Xiangtao Meng
- Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia, United States
| | - Kevin J Edgar
- Department of Sustainable Biomaterials, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia, United States
| | - Lyudmila V Slipchenko
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
| | - Lynne S Taylor
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University , West Lafayette, Indiana, United States
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15
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Dong Y, Mosquera-Giraldo LI, Taylor LS, Edgar KJ. Amphiphilic Cellulose Ethers Designed for Amorphous Solid Dispersion via Olefin Cross-Metathesis. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:454-65. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Dong
- Department
of Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, 230 Cheatham Hall, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, 2018 Hahn Hall South, MC 0212, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Laura I. Mosquera-Giraldo
- Department
of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Lynne S. Taylor
- Department
of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Kevin J. Edgar
- Department
of Sustainable Biomaterials, Virginia Tech, 230 Cheatham Hall, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Macromolecules
and Interfaces Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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16
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Dong Y, Mosquera-Giraldo LI, Troutman J, Skogstad B, Taylor LS, Edgar KJ. Amphiphilic hydroxyalkyl cellulose derivatives for amorphous solid dispersion prepared by olefin cross-metathesis. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py00960c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Olefin CM followed by transfer hydrogenation is an efficient method for synthesizing amphiphilic hydroxypropyl cellulose derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Dong
- Department of Sustainable Biomaterials
- Virginia Tech
- Blacksburg
- USA
- Department of Chemistry
| | | | - Jacob Troutman
- Department of Chemistry and Physics
- Wingate University
- Wingate
- USA
| | | | - Lynne S. Taylor
- Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy
- College of Pharmacy
- Purdue University
- West Lafayette
- USA
| | - Kevin J. Edgar
- Department of Sustainable Biomaterials
- Virginia Tech
- Blacksburg
- USA
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute
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17
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Meng X, Roy Choudhury S, Edgar KJ. Multifunctional cellulose esters by olefin cross-metathesis and thiol-Michael addition. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py00539j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Post-cross-metathesis thiol-Michael addition affords functionally diverse cellulose esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangtao Meng
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute
- Virginia Tech
- Blacksburg
- USA
- Department of Sustainable Biomaterials
| | | | - Kevin J. Edgar
- Macromolecules Innovation Institute
- Virginia Tech
- Blacksburg
- USA
- Department of Sustainable Biomaterials
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